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Hosseini Z, Jafari M, Homayuni A, Rafati S, Nikparvar M. Differences between smokers and non-smokers in personality traits: the role of sensation seeking and core self-evaluations. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/14659891.2022.2144501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Hosseini
- Health Education and Health Promotion, Tobacco and Health Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Mohammad Jafari
- Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Health, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Atefeh Homayuni
- Student Research Committee, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Shideh Rafati
- Health Promotion Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Marzieh Nikparvar
- Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
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Xiao W, Zhou H, Li X, Lin X. Why are Individuals with Alexithymia Symptoms More Likely to Have Mobile Phone Addiction? The Multiple Mediating Roles of Social Interaction Anxiousness and Boredom Proneness. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2021; 14:1631-1641. [PMID: 34675703 PMCID: PMC8518138 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s328768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Previous studies have investigated the relationship between alexithymia and problematic mobile phone use (PMPU). However, yet gaps in identifying the internal mechanisms of this relationship remain. Hence, based on the Interaction of Person–Affect–Cognition–Execution model, the current research examined the mediating roles of college students’ social interaction anxiousness (SIA) and boredom proneness (BPS) in the relationship between alexithymia and PMPU. Methods A total of 1300 college students (Mage = 20.36 years, SD = 0.97) were recruited from two universities in the southeast of China to complete a series of questionnaires, including the Toronto alexithymia scale, SIA scale, BPS scale, and mobile phone addiction index questionnaire. In order to conduct conservative predictions, the demographic variables (ie, gender) were controlled as covariates. Results The results of multiple mediation analysis showed that (1) alexithymia was positively linked with PMPU; (2) both SIA and BPS mediated the link between alexithymia and PMPU; and (3) a serial indirect pathway emerged (ie, alexithymia → SIA → BPS → PMPU). Conclusion These findings indicated that alexithymia could influence PMPU in a simple indirect way (parallel mediation) and in a complex indirect way (serial mediation). Besides, these findings provide some insights into the prevention and intervention of PMPU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilong Xiao
- School of Teacher Education, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, People's Republic of China.,School of Education, Fujian Polytechnic Normal University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Jinhua Advanced Research Institute, Jinhua, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinwei Li
- School of Teacher Education, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Lin
- Psychological Counseling Center of Student Affairs Office, Zhangzhou City College, Zhangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Are bored minds more likely to be addicted? The relationship between boredom proneness and problematic mobile phone use. Addict Behav 2020; 108:106426. [PMID: 32446143 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Boredom proneness has been demonstrated as a salient vulnerability factor for problematic mobile phone use. However, the mediating and moderating mechanisms underlying this relationship are less investigated. In the current study, we constructed an integrative moderated mediation model to test the mediating role of depression and the moderating role of attentional control in the relationship between boredom proneness and problematic mobile phone use. METHOD A total of 1099 college students (Mage = 20.04; SD = 1.25) were recruited to fill out the questionnaires measuring boredom proneness, depression, problematic mobile phone use, and attentional control. RESULTS Depression partially mediated the relationship between boredom proneness and problematic mobile phone use. Attentional control moderated the indirect relationship between boredom proneness and problematic mobile phone use through depression, with the indirect relationship being weaker for college students with higher levels of attentional control. Moreover, attentional control moderated the direct relationship between boredom proneness and problematic mobile phone use, in that this relationship was stronger for college students with higher levels of attentional control. CONCLUSIONS These findings illuminate the pathway through which boredom proneness is linked to problematic mobile phone use (i.e., mediation) and the condition on which the relationship between boredom proneness and problematic mobile phone use depends (i.e., moderation). More importantly, this study revealed the potential "double-edged sword" effect of attentional control. These findings have implications for early intervention and prevention of problematic mobile phone use in college students.
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Kim EM, Park E, Kim H. Sex Differences in Multilevel Factors of Smoking Experimentation and Age of Initiation in Korean Adolescents. J Sch Nurs 2019; 36:348-359. [PMID: 30966858 DOI: 10.1177/1059840519840805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This study purpose was to investigate sex differences in multilevel factors associated with smoking experimentation and age of initiation among Korean adolescents. Based on the ecological model, this cross-sectional study used data from the 2016 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey (N = 65,528). Among 33,803 males (51.6%) and 31,725 females (48.4%), a greater proportion of males (21.9%) than females (7.1%) engaged in smoking experimentation. Males started smoking earlier than females (males: 12.7 years, females: 12.9 years, respectively, p < .05). In both sex groups, common factors associated with smoking were age, depression, suicidal ideation, academic achievement, household economic status, and having friends smoking and a specific person to talk with about their personal concern (all p values <.05). There were significant sex differences in psychological, family, and school factors of smoking initiation and experimentation. It is necessary to develop smoking interventions considering both individual and environmental factors with sex-specific strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Mi Kim
- 26721Yonsei University College of Nursing, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Nursing, Sunlin University, Pohang-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunhee Park
- School of Nursing, 12292University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Heejung Kim
- 26721Yonsei University College of Nursing, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Mo-Im Kim Nursing Research Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Bos J, Hayden MJ, Lum JAG, Staiger PK. UPPS-P impulsive personality traits and adolescent cigarette smoking: A meta-analysis. Drug Alcohol Depend 2019; 197:335-343. [PMID: 30878884 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescence is a critical developmental period in the trajectory of nicotine dependence, highlighting the need for a greater understanding of the modifiable risk factors. An extensive body of research has found that trait impulsivity is associated with higher levels of adolescent smoking; however, findings have been mixed. The present study aimed to synthesise existing literature to determine the strength and nature of the relationship between the UPPS-P impulsive traits and both adolescent cigarette consumption and nicotine dependence. METHODS Fifty-one studies were meta-analysed using a random effects model to determine the association between each UPPS-P impulsive trait and both adolescent cigarette consumption and nicotine dependence. Age, gender, ethnicity and sample type were examined as potential moderators. RESULTS Cigarette consumption was positively associated with each UPPS-P impulsive trait (r's ranging from 0.17-0.20). There were an insufficient number of studies to meta-analyse the association between nicotine dependence and the UPPS-P impulsive traits. There were no significant moderation effects of age, gender, ethnicity or sample type. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that each UPPS-P impulsive trait shares similar associations with adolescent cigarette consumption. Additional studies are needed to determine the relationship between adolescent nicotine dependence and impulsivity. As most adult smokers initiate during adolescence, targeting these impulsive traits via novel prevention and intervention strategies may assist in reducing the prevalence of smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Bos
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, 225 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Victoria, 3125, Australia.
| | - Melissa J Hayden
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, 225 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Victoria, 3125, Australia.
| | - Jarrad A G Lum
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, 225 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Victoria, 3125, Australia.
| | - Petra K Staiger
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, 225 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Victoria, 3125, Australia.
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Lydon-Staley DM, Geier CF. Age-Varying Associations Between Cigarette Smoking, Sensation Seeking, and Impulse Control Through Adolescence and Young Adulthood. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE 2018; 28:354-367. [PMID: 28891119 PMCID: PMC5845819 DOI: 10.1111/jora.12335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Sensation seeking (SS) and impulse control (IC) are constructs at the core of dual systems models of adolescent risk taking. Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, age-varying associations between SS and IC (predictors) and both any smoking in the previous 30 days and daily smoking (outcomes) were examined. The association between SS and both any smoking in the previous 30 days and daily smoking was strongest during adolescence. IC was consistently associated with any smoking in the previous 30 days and daily smoking, with the strongest association emerging during the mid-20s to early 30s. The results provide a nuanced perspective on when the components of dual systems models may be most related to smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M. Lydon-Staley
- Corresponding author: Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Health and Human Development, The Pennsylvania State University, 119 Health and Human Development, University Park, PA 16802. . Phone: 814-867-6472
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Ioverno S, Baiocco R, Laghi F, Verrastro V, Odorifero C, Dittrich M. Interpersonal and Intrapersonal Differences among Adolescent Nonsmokers, Ex-Smokers, and Smokers. Subst Use Misuse 2018; 53:606-609. [PMID: 28910178 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2017.1349801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A large body of research has traced tobacco dependence among adolescents to a series of intrapersonal and interpersonal factors. However, there are remaining questions regarding the differences on these factors related to tobacco use. OBJECTIVES We sought to investigate intrapersonal and interpersonal differences among adolescent nonsmokers, ex-smokers, and smokers. METHODS We used data from a 3-year project designed to investigate and address tobacco dependence among 1071 students (Mage = 15.76, SD = 1.52; girls = 51.54%) who were recruited from 11 high schools. Participants, filling out a survey, provided information on tobacco use (nonsmoker, ex-smoker, and smoker), tobacco-related experiences (smoking-related risk perception, parental smoking, number of friends who smoke, resisting peer pressure to smoke), cognitive variables (metacognitive skills), and personality traits (disinhibition and impulsivity). RESULTS Results from a discriminant function analysis showed that smokers and ex-smokers reported more disinhibition, impulsivity, number of friends who smoke and less self-control under peer pressure to smoke compared to nonsmokers. Ex-smokers reported less metacognitive processes, more smoking-related risk perception and were less likely to have parents who smoke. Conclusions/Importance: Interventions and campaigns aimed to persuade adolescents to stop smoking should work to develop adaptive metacognitive skills and an accurate risk perception of tobacco use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Ioverno
- a Department of Social and Developmental Psychology , Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Roberto Baiocco
- a Department of Social and Developmental Psychology , Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Fiorenzo Laghi
- a Department of Social and Developmental Psychology , Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Valeria Verrastro
- b Department of Humanities and Social Sciences , University of Cassino , Cassino , Frosinone , Italy
| | - Carmen Odorifero
- c Primary Prevention Department , Italian League against Cancer, Milan Division , Milan , Italy
| | - Marcella Dittrich
- c Primary Prevention Department , Italian League against Cancer, Milan Division , Milan , Italy
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Park S, Kim J, Hwang H. Mediating effect of deviant peers on the relationship between sensation seeking and lifetime smoking among high school students. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE 2017; 44:358-367. [PMID: 29194003 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2017.1398755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the greater risk of lifetime smoking among high sensation seekers, it is difficult to change a sensation seeking tendency through interventions. Therefore, it is important to identify a modifiable factor mediating the link between these two conditions in order to weaken or disconnect the association. OBJECTIVES Based on the literature, deviant peers may play a pivotal role in explaining this association. Thus, we aimed to investigate the mediating effect of deviant peers on the association between sensation seeking and lifetime smoking among Korean adolescents. METHODS We analyzed secondary data obtained from 876 high school students. Approximately 51% of the participants were male. In order to investigate the mediating effect of deviant peers after controlling for 16 factors, we tested an indirect effect in a simple mediation model using the PROCESS macro, which is a regression-based approach. RESULTS We found a significant total effect of sensation seeking on lifetime smoking: greater risk of lifetime smoking among high sensation seekers. In addition, we found a significant mediating effect of deviant peers on the association between the two conditions. Specifically, higher sensation seeking successfully predicted a greater number of deviant peers, which, in turn, successfully predicted greater risk of lifetime smoking. CONCLUSION Given difficulties in directly changing levels of sensation seeking and the significant mediating effect of deviant peers on the association between the two conditions, prevention strategies focusing on peers may be advantageous for high sensation seekers in reducing their risk of lifetime smoking in adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunhee Park
- a College of Nursing Science, East-West Nursing Research Institute , Kyung Hee University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Junghee Kim
- b Department of Nursing, Graduate School , Kyung Hee University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Heejin Hwang
- b Department of Nursing, Graduate School , Kyung Hee University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
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Lee JY, Brook JS, Pahl K, Brook DW. Longitudinal pathways from unconventional personal attributes in the late 20s to cannabis use prior to sexual intercourse in the late 30s. Addict Behav 2017. [PMID: 28648991 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2017.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
A quarter of people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in the United States are women. Furthermore, African American and Hispanic/Latina women continue to be disproportionately affected by HIV, compared with women of other races/ethnicities. Cannabis use prior to intercourse may be associated with increased risky sexual behaviors which are highly related to HIV. The ultimate goal of this research is to better understand the relationships between unconventional personal attributes (e.g., risk-taking behaviors) in the late 20s, substance use (e.g., alcohol) in the mid 30s, and cannabis use prior to intercourse in the late 30s using a community sample; such an understanding may inform interventions. This study employing data from the Harlem Longitudinal Development Study includes 343 female participants (50% African Americans, 50% Puerto Ricans). Structural equation modeling indicated that unconventional personal attributes in the late 20s were associated with substance use in the mid 30s (β=0.32, p<0.001), which in turn, was associated with cannabis use prior to sexual intercourse in the late 30s (β=0.64, p<0.001). Unconventional personal attributes in the late 20s were also directly related to cannabis use prior to sexual intercourse in the late 30s (β=0.39, p<0.01). The findings of this study suggest that interventions focused on decreasing unconventional personal attributes as well as substance use may reduce sexual risk behaviors among urban African American and Puerto Rican women. Also, the implications of this study for health care providers and researchers working in HIV prevention are that these precursors may be useful as patient screening tools.
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Pozolotina T, Olsen SO. Individual differences in time perspective, age, and smoking behavior: A test of two present versus future conceptualizations. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/14659891.2017.1378741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Pozolotina
- UiT The Arctic University of Norway, School of Business and Economics, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Svein O. Olsen
- UiT The Arctic University of Norway, School of Business and Economics, Tromsø, Norway
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Bonnaire C, Bungener C, Varescon I. Sensation seeking in a community sample of French gamblers: Comparison between strategic and non-strategic gamblers. Psychiatry Res 2017; 250:1-9. [PMID: 28135641 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.01.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 01/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between sensation seeking and gambling disorder (GD) in a community sample of gamblers (when controlling for the effect of substance use, gender and age) and see whether sensation seeking scores depend on the gambling activity when comparing strategic and non-strategic gamblers. A total of 380 gamblers was recruited. First, pathological gamblers (PGs) (n =143) were compared to non-pathological gamblers (NPGs) (n =237). Second, strategic gamblers (n =93) were compared to non-strategic gamblers (n =110). Sociodemographic data, gambling behavior (SOGS, DSM-IV), tobacco and alcohol use (CAGE), and sensation seeking (SSS) were evaluated. PGs have higher boredom susceptibility scores than NPGs and this factor is associated with GD. Nevertheless, the relationship between sensation seeking and GD depends on the gambling activity. In fact, sensation seeking is associated with GD in strategic gamblers only. PGs playing strategic games display different profiles from non-strategic PGs. Thus, factors associated with GD differ when the gambling activity is taken into account. These findings are consistent with the idea of it being essential to identify clinically distinct subgroups of PGs in the treatment of GD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Bonnaire
- Paris Descartes University, Laboratory of Psychopathology and Health Processes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France.
| | - Catherine Bungener
- Paris Descartes University, Laboratory of Psychopathology and Health Processes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France.
| | - Isabelle Varescon
- Paris Descartes University, Laboratory of Psychopathology and Health Processes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France.
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Yue Y, Hong L, Guo L, Gao X, Deng J, Huang J, Huang G, Lu C. Gender differences in the association between cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption and depressive symptoms: a cross-sectional study among Chinese adolescents. Sci Rep 2015; 5:17959. [PMID: 26639938 PMCID: PMC4671152 DOI: 10.1038/srep17959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the association between cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption and depressive symptoms among adolescents, with a particular focus on gender differences. A total of 19,578 middle and high school students in Chongqing Province were surveyed. Self-reported cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, depressive symptoms, and family- and school-related factors were assessed. A total of 8.8% adolescents reported smoking cigarettes. Tobacco use by boys (16.5%) was significantly higher than by girls (1.9%). Approximately 23.5% of adolescents reported alcohol consumption. Consumption in boys (31.5%) was significantly higher than in girls (16.2%). Depressive symptoms were prevalent in 9.1% of the sample. Girls reported significantly more symptoms (10.4%) than boys (7.7%). Multiple logistic regression analyses showed that the association between alcohol consumption and depressive symptoms was stronger among girls (AOR = 2.1, 95% CI = 1.8-2.5) than boys (AOR = 1.7, 95% CI = 1.4-2.1). A significant association (AOR = 2.3, 95% CI = 1.6-3.4) between cigarette smoking and depressive symptoms was revealed in girls only. The significant gender differences found above may provide a basis for the early identification of individuals at high risk for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yue
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Lingyao Hong
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, Guangzhou, 510000, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Epidemiology Research Unit, Clinical Trials Center, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Lan Guo
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Xue Gao
- Centre for ADR Monitoring of Guangdong, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Jianxiong Deng
- Centre for ADR Monitoring of Guangdong, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Jinghui Huang
- Centre for ADR Monitoring of Guangdong, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Guoliang Huang
- Centre for ADR Monitoring of Guangdong, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Ciyong Lu
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, Guangzhou, 510000, China
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Williams RJ, Knight RA, Wills TA. Why Children Smoke in 2015 and Prospects for Stopping Them: a Review of Current Literature. CURRENT CARDIOVASCULAR RISK REPORTS 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s12170-015-0473-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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