1
|
Fantini L, Gostoli S, Artin MG, Rafanelli C. An intervention based on Well-Being Therapy to prevent alcohol use and other unhealthy lifestyle behaviors among students: a three-arm cluster randomized controlled trial. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2024; 29:930-950. [PMID: 37467370 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2023.2235740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Unhealthy lifestyle, such as alcohol use, and negative health outcomes have been associated with impairments in psychological well-being. The primary objective of the study was to test the efficacy of an intervention based on Well-Being Therapy to prevent or stem alcohol use, binge drinking and other unhealthy lifestyle among Italian adolescents in school settings. A three-arm cluster randomized controlled trial including three test periods (baseline, post-test, six-month follow-up) was implemented. Seven classes (144 students) were randomly assigned to receive well-being intervention (WBI), lifestyle intervention (LI), or no intervention (NI). Primary outcomes were alcohol use (AUDIT-C), binge drinking and other unhealthy lifestyle behaviors (i.e. unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, tobacco and cannabis smoking, poor sleep and Internet addiction). Linear mixed models and mixed-effects logistic regression were used to test the efficacy of WBI in comparison with LI and NI. At six-month follow-up, AUDIT-C total score increased more in NI in comparison with WBI (p = 0.044) and LI (p = 0.016), whereas the odds of being classified as at-risk drinker were lower in WBI (p = 0.038) and LI (p = 0.002), than NI. Only WBI showed a protective effect for cannabis use at post-test in comparison with NI (p = 0.003) and LI (p = 0.014). Sleep hours at night decreased more in NI than in LI (p = 0.027) at six months. Internet addiction decreased more in WBI (p = 0.002) and LI (p = 0.005) at post-test in comparison with NI. Although both interventions showed a positive impact on adolescent lifestyle, the positive effect of WBI on cannabis use underlines how this approach might be promising to stem adolescents' substance use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luana Fantini
- Department of Psychology "Renzo Canestrari", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sara Gostoli
- Department of Psychology "Renzo Canestrari", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Michael G Artin
- Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chiara Rafanelli
- Department of Psychology "Renzo Canestrari", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lynch SJ, Sunderland M, Forbes MK, Teesson M, Newton NC, Chapman C. Structure of psychopathology in adolescents and its association with high-risk personality traits. Dev Psychopathol 2024; 36:379-394. [PMID: 36700360 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579422001262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The present study examined high-risk personality traits and associations with psychopathology across multiple levels of a hierarchical-dimensional model of psychopathology in a large adolescent, general population sample. Confirmatory factor analyses were run using data from two randomized controlled trials of Australian adolescents (N = 8,654, mean age = 13.01 years, 52% female). A higher-order model - comprised of general psychopathology, fear, distress, alcohol use/harms, and conduct/inattention dimensions - was selected based on model fit, reliability, and replicability. Indirect-effects models were estimated to examine the unique associations between high-risk personality traits (anxiety sensitivity, negative thinking, impulsivity, and sensation seeking) and general and specific dimensions and symptoms of psychopathology. All personality traits were positively associated with general psychopathology. After accounting for general psychopathology, anxiety sensitivity was positively associated with fear; negative thinking was positively associated with distress; impulsivity was positively associated with conduct/inattention; and sensation seeking was positively associated with alcohol use/harms and conduct/inattention, and negatively associated with fear. Several significant associations between personality traits and individual symptoms remained after accounting for general and specific psychopathology. These findings contribute to our understanding of the underlying structure of psychopathology among adolescents and have implications for the development of personality-based prevention and early intervention programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha J Lynch
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Matthew Sunderland
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Miriam K Forbes
- Centre for Emotional Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Maree Teesson
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nicola C Newton
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Cath Chapman
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wolitzky-Taylor K. Integrated behavioral treatments for comorbid anxiety and substance use disorders: A model for understanding integrated treatment approaches and meta-analysis to evaluate their efficacy. Drug Alcohol Depend 2023; 253:110990. [PMID: 37866006 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2023.110990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Substance use disorders (SUD) and anxiety disorders are highly comorbid, and this comorbidity is associated with poor clinical outcomes. Emerging research in the last decade has shifted from addressing these problems separately to the development and evaluation of behavioral treatments that integrate care for anxiety disorders (or elevated symptoms of anxiety) and SUD. METHODS An extensive literature search revealed a sufficient number of studies (K=11) to conduct a meta-analysis comparing the efficacy of integrated SUD/anxiety disorder behavioral treatment to SUD treatment alone on substance use and anxiety symptom outcomes. Randomized clinical trials including those with SUD and either anxiety disorders or elevations in constructs implicated in the maintenance of anxiety disorder/SUD comorbidity were included. This study meta-analyzes the effects of these studies. RESULTS Integrated treatments outperformed SUD treatments alone on both substance use and anxiety outcomes, with small to moderate effects favoring integrated treatments. There was no significant heterogeneity across studies in the primary analyses, such that moderator analyses to identify variables that yielded differential patterns of effect sizes were not conducted. DISCUSSION Integrated treatments for SUD/anxiety disorders demonstrate an incremental but significant and clinically meaningful improvement over SUD treatment alone for SUD/anxiety disorder comorbidity. Implications for future research and clinical practice paradigm shifting are discussed.
Collapse
|
4
|
Lynch SJ, Chapman C, Sunderland M, Slade T, Teesson M, Conrod PJ, Newton NC. The 3-year effects of a personality-targeted prevention program on general and specific dimensions of psychopathology. Prev Med 2023; 173:107595. [PMID: 37385412 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2023.107595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the effect of a personality-targeted prevention program (Preventure) on trajectories of general and specific dimensions of psychopathology from early- to mid-adolescence. Australian adolescents (N = 2190) from 26 schools participated in a cluster randomized controlled substance use prevention trial. This study compared schools allocated to deliver Preventure (n = 13 schools; n = 466 students; Mage = 13.42 years), a personality-targeted selective intervention, with a control group (n = 7 schools; n = 235 students, Mage = 13.47 years). All participants were assessed for psychopathology symptoms at baseline, 6-, 12-, 24- and 36-months post-baseline. Outcomes were a general psychopathology factor and four specific factors: fear, distress, alcohol use/harms and conduct/inattention), extracted from a higher-order model. Participants who screened as 'high-risk' on at least one of four personality traits (negative thinking, anxiety sensitivity, impulsivity and sensation seeking) were included in intention-to-treat analyses. Intervention effects were examined using multi-level mixed models accounting for school-level clustering. Among high-risk adolescents, growth in general psychopathology was slower in the Preventure group compared to the control group (b = -0.07, p = 0.038) across the three years. After controlling for effects on general psychopathology, there were no significant, additional effects on the lower order factors. This study provides evidence for the effectiveness of a selective personality-targeted intervention in altering trajectories of general psychopathology during adolescence. This finding represents impacts on multiple symptom domains and highlights the potential for general psychopathology as an intervention target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha J Lynch
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health & Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Australia.
| | - Cath Chapman
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health & Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Matthew Sunderland
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health & Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Tim Slade
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health & Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Maree Teesson
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health & Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Patricia J Conrod
- University of Montreal, Canada; Sainte Justine Hospital Research Centre, Canada
| | - Nicola C Newton
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health & Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gmel G, Marmet S, Bertholet N, Wicki M, Studer J. Longitudinal Associations between Sensation Seeking and Its Components and Alcohol Use in Young SWISS Men-Are There Bidirectional Associations? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:12475. [PMID: 36231775 PMCID: PMC9566284 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The association between alcohol use and sensation seeking is well known. Less is known about whether longitudinal changes in alcohol use are associated with changes in sensation seeking and in which direction influence might flow. 5125 men aged 20.0 years old at baseline and 25.4 years old at follow-up responded to the Brief Sensation Seeking Questionnaire, which measures four subscales of experience seeking, boredom susceptibility, thrill- and adventure-seeking, and disinhibition. Alcohol use was measured using volume (drinks per week) and binge drinking (about 60 g or more per occasion). Associations were calculated using cross-lagged panel models and two-wave latent change score models. Correlations between the latent change scores for alcohol use and the sensation-seeking subscales were all positive, being largest for disinhibition (r > 0.3) and much smaller (r ~ 0.1) for the others. Disinhibition was the dominant effect over the entire sensation-seeking scale. Cross-lagged paths were (except for thrill- and adventure-seeking) bidirectional and mostly higher from alcohol use to sensation seeking (e.g., pathvolume-disinhibition = 0.136, and pathdisinhibition-volume = 0.072). Again, effects were highest for disinhibition. Given the bidirectional links between sensation seeking and alcohol use, preventive efforts aiming to achieve stable positive changes in alcohol use and personality should target both simultaneously and focus on disinhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Gmel
- Addiction Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 23A, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Research Department, Addiction Switzerland, Avenue Louis-Ruchonnet 14, 1003 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
- Alcohol and Research Unit, University of the West of England, Frenchay Campus, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK
| | - Simon Marmet
- Addiction Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 23A, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
- School of Social Work, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, 4600 Olten, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Bertholet
- Addiction Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 23A, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Wicki
- Addiction Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 23A, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute for Research, Development and Evaluation, Bern University of Teacher Education, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Joseph Studer
- Addiction Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 23A, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Service of Adult Psychiatry North-West, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Chemin des Chaux, 1196 Prangins, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sánchez-Puertas R, Vaca-Gallegos S, López-Núñez C, Ruisoto P. Prevention of Alcohol Consumption Programs for Children and Youth: A Narrative and Critical Review of Recent Publications. Front Psychol 2022; 13:821867. [PMID: 35369212 PMCID: PMC8965835 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.821867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Youth substance use is a public health problem globally, where alcohol is one of the drugs most consumed by children, and youth prevention is the best intervention for drug abuse. Objective Review the latest evidence of alcohol use prevention programs in empirical research, oriented to all fields of action among children and youth. Methods A narrative and critical review was carried out within international databases (PsychInfo, Pubmed, Web of Science, and Scopus) in August 2021 and was limited to empirical studies that appeared in the last five years (2017-2021). A flow diagram was used according to the PRISMA statements. Empirical research articles in English with RCTs and quasi-experimental design that included alcohol, children, and young people up to 19 years of age (universal, selective, or indicated programs) were included. The authors examined the results and conceptual frameworks of the Prevention programs by fields of action. Results Twenty-two articles were found from four fields of action: school (16), family (2), community (2), and web-based (2), representing 16 alcohol prevention programs. School-based alcohol prevention programs are clinically relevant [Theory of Planned Behavior, Refuse, Remove, Reasons, Preventure, The GOOD Life, Mantente REAL, Motivational Interviewing (BIMI), Primavera, Fresh Start, Bridges/Puentes], they are effective in increasing attitudes and intentions toward alcohol prevention behavior, while decreasing social norms and acceptance of alcohol, reducing intoxication, and increasing perceptions with regards to the negative consequences of drinking. Discussion This narrative and critical review provides an updated synthesis of the evidence for prevention programs in the school, family, community, and web-based fields of action, where a more significant number of programs exist that are applied within schools and for which would have greater clinical relevance. However, the prevention programs utilized in the other fields of action require further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Sánchez-Puertas
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre, Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Psychology, Particular Technical University of Loja, Loja, Ecuador
| | - Silvia Vaca-Gallegos
- Department of Psychology, Particular Technical University of Loja, Loja, Ecuador
| | - Carla López-Núñez
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatments, School of Psychology, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Pablo Ruisoto
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre, Pamplona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
López-Ramírez E, Huber MJ, Inozemtseva O. The Positive Effect of the Rational Addiction Prevention Program (RAPP) on Adolescents with High Risk for Drug Consumption. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2022; 53:342-353. [PMID: 33559022 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-021-01133-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this longitudinal study was to determine the effect of an original prevention program (RAPP) on the behavioral and cognitive characteristics of adolescents with high risk for substance consumption. Seventy-six Mexican adolescents 12-15 years old (38 with high risk (HR) and 38 with low risk (LR)) were selected. RAPP was applied for 3 months. Resilience, social skills, attitudes towards substance use, ability to delay a reward, and inhibitory control were assessed in these adolescents, before and after the RAPP intervention. Both groups improved their scores; however, HR achieved greater changes than LR. Findings suggest that HR have behavioral characteristics that can be considered as risk factors for substance consumption (low levels of resilience, low social skills, little family support, positive attitudes towards substance use). RAPP proved to be an effective program for preventing these risk factors for substance use in adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enrique López-Ramírez
- Doctorado en Educación, Departamento de Estudios en Educación, CUCSH, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Parres Arias, 150, Col. San José del Bajío, CP 45000, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico.,Tecnológico Nacional de México, Campus Instituto Tecnológico de Pochutla, km. 5.35 carretera San Pedro Pochutla-Puerto Ángel, localidad el Colorado, CP 70902, San Pedro Pochutla, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Mary J Huber
- Wright State University, 3640 Colonel Glenn Hwy., Dayton, OH, 45435, USA
| | - Olga Inozemtseva
- Instituto de Neurociencias, CUCBA, Universidad de Guadalajara, Francisco de Quevedo, 180, Col. Arcos Vallarta, CP 33130, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico. .,Doctorado en Educación, Departamento de Estudios en Educación, CUCSH, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Parres Arias, 150, Col. San José del Bajío, CP 45000, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Skinner RC, Hagaman JA. The interplay of Western diet and binge drinking on the onset, progression, and outlook of liver disease. Nutr Rev 2021; 80:503-512. [PMID: 33969426 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuab031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and alcoholic liver disease, the two most prevalent liver diseases worldwide, share a common pathology but have largely been considered disparate diseases. Liver diseases are widely underestimated, but their prevalence is increasing worldwide. The Western diet (high-fat, high-sugar) and binge drinking (rapid consumption of alcohol in a short period of time) are two highly prevalent features of standard life in the United States, and both are linked to the development and progression of liver disease. Yet, few studies have been conducted to elucidate their potential interactions. Data shows binge drinking is on the rise in several age groups, and poor dietary trends continue to be prevalent. This review serves to summarize the sparse findings on the hepatic consequences of the combination of binge drinking and consuming a Western diet, while also drawing conclusions on potential future impacts. The data suggest the potential for a looming liver disease epidemic, indicating that more research on its progression as well as its prevention is needed on this critical topic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Chris Skinner
- R. C. Skinner and J. A. Hagaman are with the Division of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of the Ozarks, Clarksville, Arkansas, USA
| | - Joel A Hagaman
- R. C. Skinner and J. A. Hagaman are with the Division of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of the Ozarks, Clarksville, Arkansas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Latent Class Analysis of Individual-Level Characteristics Predictive of Intervention Outcomes in Urban Male Adolescents. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2021; 49:1139-1149. [PMID: 33821372 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-021-00808-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Preventive intervention research dictates that new techniques are needed to elucidate what types of interventions work best for whom to prevent behavioral problems. The current investigation applies a latent class modeling structure to identify the constellation of characteristics-or profile-in urban male adolescents (n = 125, aged 15) that interrelatedly predict responses to a brief administration of an evidence-based program, Positive Adolescent Choices Training (PACT). Individual-level characteristics were selected as predictors on the basis of their association with risk behaviors and their implication in intervention outcomes (e.g., mental health, stress exposure, temperament, cognitive function, stress reactivity and emotion perception). Outcome measures included virtual reality vignettes and questionnaire-style role play scenarios to gauge orientations around aggressive conflict resolution, communication, emotional control, beliefs supporting aggression and hostility. A three-class model was found to best fit the data: "NORMative" (NORM), with relatively low symptomatology; "Mental Health" problems (MH-I) with elevated internalizing symptoms; and "Mental Health-E + Cognitive Deficit" (MH-E + Cog) with elevated mental health symptoms paired with cognitive decrements. The NORM class had positive PACT effects for communication, conflict resolution, and aggressive beliefs. Moderation was evidenced by lack of positive PACT effects for the MH-I and MH-E + Cog groups. Also, PACT classes with MH issues showed marginally significant worsening of aggressive beliefs compared to control students in the same class. Results suggest that a latent class model may identify "signatures" or profiles of traits, experiences and other influences that collectively-and more realistically-predict variable intervention outcomes with implications for more effectively targeting interventions than singular factors.
Collapse
|
10
|
Hulsmans DHG, Otten R, Schijven EP, Poelen EAP. Exploring the role of emotional and behavioral problems in a personality-targeted prevention program for substance use in adolescents and young adults with intellectual disability. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2021; 109:103832. [PMID: 33360962 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2020.103832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescents and young adults with a mild intellectual disability or borderline intellectual functioning (MID-BIF) are at risk for problematic substance use and are more likely to have emotional and behavioral problems than peers without MID-BIF. A personality-targeted prevention program called Take it Personal! effectively reduces substance use in adolescents and young adults with MID-BIF. AIMS The program's effectiveness was examined on its secondary goal: reducing emotional and behavioral problems. The potentially moderating role of these problems on the program's effectiveness with substance use was also explored. METHODS AND PROCEDURES Substance use and emotional and behavioral problems were compared between participants in Take it Personal! (n = 34) and those in the control condition (n = 32) in a quasi-experimental pre-posttest study with a three-month follow-up. Effectiveness and moderation were assessed with multilevel models. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS Take it Personal! seems to reduce rule breaking. There were no significant effects on anxiety, withdrawal, and aggression. None of the problem domains moderated the program's effectiveness on substance use frequency. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Take it Personal! may effectively reduce rule breaking. Moreover, adolescent and young adults with different levels of emotional and behavioral problems benefit equally in terms of reduced substance use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daan H G Hulsmans
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Pluryn Research & Development, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Roy Otten
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Pluryn Research & Development, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; The REACH Institute, Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Phoenix, USA
| | - Esmée P Schijven
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Pluryn Research & Development, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Evelien A P Poelen
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Pluryn Research & Development, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Schijven EP, VanDerNagel JEL, Otten R, Lammers J, Poelen EAP. Take it personal! Development and modelling study of an indicated prevention programme for substance use in adolescents and young adults with mild intellectual disabilities and borderline intellectual functioning. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2021; 34:307-315. [PMID: 32990417 PMCID: PMC7820965 DOI: 10.1111/jar.12808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This paper describes the theory and development of Take it personal! an indicated prevention programme aimed at reducing substance use in individuals with mild intellectual disabilities and borderline intellectual functioning. METHOD The process of the development of Take it personal! followed the steps of the Intervention Mapping protocol. Take it personal! is based on the theory that personality traits are an important construct to understand substance use (14-30 years old). A small modelling study was conducted with six adolescents to examine the feasibility, user-friendliness and potential effectiveness of the intervention. RESULTS The results showed that the intervention has good feasibility and user-friendliness. Post-intervention evaluation of frequency, binge drinking and problematic use indicated that use was lower than at pre-intervention. CONCLUSIONS Take it Personal! can be a promising preventive intervention designed to reduce substance use in individuals in this target group. A larger scale study is needed to draw further conclusions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esmée P. Schijven
- Research and DevelopmentPlurynNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Behavioral Science InstituteRadboud University NijmegenNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Joanneke E. L. VanDerNagel
- Centre for Addiction and Intellectual Disability (CAID)TactusDeventerThe Netherlands
- Nijmegen Institute for Scientist‐Practitioners in AddictionRadboud University NijmegenNijmegenThe Netherlands
- AveleijnBorneThe Netherlands
- Human Media InteractionFaculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics, & Computer ScienceUniversity of TwenteEnschedeThe Netherlands
| | - Roy Otten
- Research and DevelopmentPlurynNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Behavioral Science InstituteRadboud University NijmegenNijmegenThe Netherlands
- REACH InstituteArizona State UniversityTempeAZUSA
| | - Jeroen Lammers
- Trimbos InstituteNetherlands Institute of Mental Health and AddictionUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Evelien A. P. Poelen
- Research and DevelopmentPlurynNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Behavioral Science InstituteRadboud University NijmegenNijmegenThe Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gmel G, Marmet S, Studer J, Wicki M. Are Changes in Personality Traits and Alcohol Use Associated? A Cohort Study Among Young Swiss Men. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:591003. [PMID: 33424662 PMCID: PMC7785805 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.591003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: It is well known that certain personality traits are associated with alcohol use. Because less is known about it, we wished to investigate whether changes in alcohol use were longitudinally associated with changes in personality and in which direction the influence or causation might flow. Methods: Data came from the self-reported questionnaire answers of 5,125 young men at two time points during the Cohort study on Substance Use Risk Factors (C-SURF). Their average ages were 20.0 and 25.4 years old at the first and second wave assessments, respectively. Four personality traits were measured: (a) aggression-hostility; (b) sociability; (c) neuroticism-anxiety; and (d) sensation seeking. Alcohol use was measured by volume (drinks per week) and binge drinking (about 60+ grams per occasion). Cross-lagged panel models and two-wave latent change score models were used. Results: Aggression-hostility, sensation seeking, and sociability were significantly and positively cross-sectionally associated with both alcohol use variables. Drinking volume and these three personality traits bidirectionally predicted each other. Binge drinking was bidirectionally associated with sensation-seeking only, whereas aggression-hostility and sociability only predicted binge drinking, but not vice versa. Changes in alcohol use were significantly positively associated with changes in aggression-hostility, sensation seeking, and sociability. Associations reached small Cohen's effect sizes for sociability and sensation seeking, but not for aggression-hostility. Associations with neuroticism-anxiety were mostly not significant. Conclusion: The direction of effects confirmed findings from other studies, and the association between changes in personality and alcohol use support the idea that prevention programs should simultaneously target both.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Gmel
- Addiction Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Alcohol and Research Unit, University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Marmet
- Addiction Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Joseph Studer
- Addiction Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Wicki
- Addiction Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Palma D, Continente X, López MJ, Vázquez N, Serral G, Ariza C. [Personality traits associated with the substance consumption in young people in a context of vulnerability]. GACETA SANITARIA 2020; 35:542-550. [PMID: 32981753 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2020.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the patterns of alcohol and cannabis consumption, and their associated factors, in young people aged 16 and 21 in a context of vulnerability. METHOD Cross-sectional study based on a pre-test questionnaire from an evaluation study, administered to a convenience sample of 365 young people from Social Guarantee Programs (SGP), or who attended activities of community entities from disadvantaged neighborhoods in Barcelona. Dependent variables were experimental, regular, and problematic alcohol and cannabis consumption, while independent variables were impulsivity, sensation seeking, expectations, and beliefs regarding drug use, social skills, and contextual variables. Associations were established using multivariate logistic regression models. RESULTS The prevalence of intensive alcohol consumption (24.2% for binge drinking and 33.3% for binge drinking) and experimental (51.1%) and problematic cannabis use (12.9%) was higher in SGP students than entity youth. Likewise, they presented higher scores on the impulsivity scales, sensation seeking, expectations and beliefs favorable to alcohol consumption. In general, the prevalence of experimental alcohol consumption was higher in girls than in boys. Regular binge drinking was associated with intense sensations seeking (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.06; 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 1.01-1.12), while attending SGP was associated with problematic cannabis use (aOR: 2.73; 95%CI: 1.26-5.89). Positive expectations to alcohol and cannabis use were associated with problematic substance use. CONCLUSION Individual risk, linked to the higher risk trajectories of SGP students, is associated with a higher problematic consumption of alcohol and cannabis than in young people from community entities exposed to an environmental risk of high frequency of consumption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Palma
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Barcelona, España; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), España
| | - Xavier Continente
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Barcelona, España; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), España; Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, España.
| | - María José López
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Barcelona, España; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), España; Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, España; Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, España
| | - Noelia Vázquez
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Barcelona, España; Departament de Mètodes d'Investigació i Diagnòstic en Educació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, España
| | - Gemma Serral
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Barcelona, España; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), España; Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, España
| | - Carles Ariza
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Barcelona, España; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), España; Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, España
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Gostoli S, Fantini L, Casadei S, De Angelis VA, Rafanelli C. Binge drinking in 14-year-old Italian students is correlated with low or high psychological well-being: a cross-sectional study. DRUGS: EDUCATION, PREVENTION AND POLICY 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/09687637.2020.1799942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Gostoli
- Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luana Fantini
- Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sara Casadei
- Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Martin JL, Ferreira JA, Haase RF, Martens MP, Coelho M, Martins J, Jome LM, Santos ER. The Influence of Personality and Drinking Motives on College Student Binge Drinking in the US and Portugal. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1027/2512-8442/a000047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. The present study examined whether personality traits and drinking motives interact to predict binge drinking and alcohol-related problems in a cross-cultural sample of college students. Participants were undergraduate drinkers ( N = 904; 66% female) from universities in Portugal ( N = 391) and the US ( N = 513). Participants completed measures assessing neuroticism, extraversion, conscientiousness, drinking motives, frequency of binge drinking, and the number of alcohol-related problems. A significant Country × Neuroticism × Conformity interaction was explained by differences between US and Portuguese samples. The effect of this interaction on alcohol- related problems was mediated by binge drinking. Findings suggest similarities and differences across cultures in the manner in which personality and drinking motives are associated with alcohol outcomes. Across cultures, neuroticism, extraversion, conscientiousness, and drinking motives are key factors to consider in the assessment, prevention, and treatment of alcohol use among college students.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L. Martin
- Department of Educational and Counseling Psychology, Division of Counseling Psychology, University at Albany-State University of New York, Albany, NY, USA
| | | | - Richard F. Haase
- Department of Educational and Counseling Psychology, Division of Counseling Psychology, University at Albany-State University of New York, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Matthew P. Martens
- Department of Educational, School, and Counseling Psychology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Mariana Coelho
- Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Jorge Martins
- Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - LaRae M. Jome
- Department of Educational and Counseling Psychology, Division of Counseling Psychology, University at Albany-State University of New York, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Eduardo R. Santos
- Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Coimbra, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Hu Z, Jing Y, Xue Y, Fan P, Wang L, Vanyukov M, Kirisci L, Wang J, Tarter RE, Xie XQ. Analysis of substance use and its outcomes by machine learning: II. Derivation and prediction of the trajectory of substance use severity. Drug Alcohol Depend 2020; 206:107604. [PMID: 31615693 PMCID: PMC7476073 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.107604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This longitudinal study explored the utility of machine learning (ML) methodology in predicting the trajectory of severity of substance use from childhood to thirty years of age using a set of psychological and health characteristics. DESIGN Boys (N = 494) and girls (N = 206) were recruited using a high-risk paradigm at 10-12 years of age and followed up at 12-14, 16, 19, 22, 25 and 30 years of age. MEASUREMENTS At each visit, the subjects were administered a comprehensive battery to measure psychological makeup, health status, substance use and psychiatric disorder, and their overall harmfulness of substance consumption was quantified according to the multidimensional criteria (physical, dependence, and social) developed by Nutt et al. (2007). Next, high- and low- substance use severity trajectories were derived differentially associated with probability of segueing to substance use disorder (SUD). ML methodology was employed to predict trajectory membership. FINDINGS The high-severity trajectory group had a higher probability of leading to SUD than the low-severity trajectory (89.0% vs 32.4%; odds ratio = 16.88, p < 0.0001). Thirty psychological and health status items at each of the six visits predict membership in the high- or low-severity trajectory, with 71% accuracy at 10-12 years of age, increasing to 93% at 22 years of age. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate the applicability of the machine learning methodology for detecting membership in a substance use trajectory with high probability of culminating in SUD, potentially informing primary and secondary prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziheng Hu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Computational Chemical Genomics Screen Center, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; NIDA National Center of Excellence for Computational Drug Abuse Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yankang Jing
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Computational Chemical Genomics Screen Center, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; NIDA National Center of Excellence for Computational Drug Abuse Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ying Xue
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Computational Chemical Genomics Screen Center, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; NIDA National Center of Excellence for Computational Drug Abuse Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Peihao Fan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Computational Chemical Genomics Screen Center, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; NIDA National Center of Excellence for Computational Drug Abuse Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Lirong Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Computational Chemical Genomics Screen Center, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; NIDA National Center of Excellence for Computational Drug Abuse Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Michael Vanyukov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Levent Kirisci
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Junmei Wang
- NIDA National Center of Excellence for Computational Drug Abuse Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Ralph E Tarter
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Xiang-Qun Xie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Computational Chemical Genomics Screen Center, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; NIDA National Center of Excellence for Computational Drug Abuse Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Vargas-Martínez AM, Trapero-Bertran M, Lima-Serrano M, Anokye N, Pokhrel S, Mora T. Measuring the effects on quality of life and alcohol consumption of a program to reduce binge drinking in Spanish adolescents. Drug Alcohol Depend 2019; 205:107597. [PMID: 31590139 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.107597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
AIM To present a comparison between the effects on health due to a reduction in binge drinking (BD) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL), as a result of ALERTA ALCOHOL, an intervention aimed at reducing BD in Spanish adolescents. METHODS A two-arm cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted with an intervention and a control group, randomized at the school level, following individuals over four months. The study population consisted of Andalusian adolescents aged 15 to 19 years who were enrolled in urban public high schools (n = 1247). Participants were assigned randomly to receive the intervention. The main outcomes studied were the number of occasions of BD in the last 30 days, which was directly obtained from the answers given by the adolescents, and HRQoL measured with the EQ-5D-5 L questionnaire. The model of estimation was the generalized estimating equations (GEE) approach. RESULTS The program showed a BD reduction at the 4-month follow-up, although it was not shown to significantly increase the HRQoL in adolescents who reduced the number of occasions of BD and had received the intervention. However, it was shown that those who would predictably reduce the number of occasions of BD controlled by several sociodemographic variables perceived a higher HRQoL, as did those who had a greater adherence to the program. CONCLUSIONS Higher adherence to a web-based computer-tailored intervention to prevent BD in adolescents has a positive effect on decreasing the number of occasions of BD in adolescents as well as on increasing participants' HRQoL, although this second effect is very small, which could be due to the short follow-up time. This fact is quite important and should be assessed extensively to corroborate the results and translate into health policy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Magdalena Vargas-Martínez
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, University of Seville, Seville, Spain; Research Institute for Evaluation and Public Policies (IRAPP), Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Marta Trapero-Bertran
- Research Institute for Evaluation and Public Policies (IRAPP), Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Marta Lima-Serrano
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.
| | - Nana Anokye
- Health Economics Research Group (HERG), Brunel University, Uxbridge, London, UK.
| | - Subhash Pokhrel
- Health Economics Research Group (HERG), Brunel University, Uxbridge, London, UK.
| | - Toni Mora
- Research Institute for Evaluation and Public Policies (IRAPP), Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Edalati H, Afzali MH, Castellanos‐Ryan N, Conrod PJ. The Effect of Contextual Risk Factors on the Effectiveness of Brief Personality‐Targeted Interventions for Adolescent Alcohol Use and Misuse: A Cluster‐Randomized Trial. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2019; 43:997-1006. [DOI: 10.1111/acer.14016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanie Edalati
- CHU Sainte‐Justine Research CenterMontréal Québec Canada
- Department of Psychiatry Université de Montréal Montréal Québec Canada
| | - Mohammad H. Afzali
- CHU Sainte‐Justine Research CenterMontréal Québec Canada
- Department of Psychiatry Université de Montréal Montréal Québec Canada
| | | | - Patricia J. Conrod
- CHU Sainte‐Justine Research CenterMontréal Québec Canada
- Department of Psychiatry Université de Montréal Montréal Québec Canada
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Trager BM, Mallett KA, Turrisi R, Sell NM, Hultgren BA. Willingness as a mediator of the effects of personality on alcohol-related consequences between the first and second years of college: A longitudinal prospective study. Addict Behav 2019; 89:172-177. [PMID: 30316143 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The present study used a prospective longitudinal design to examine whether willingness to experience negative alcohol-related consequences mediated the effects of personality on consequences (e.g., blacking out, getting into a fight, and regretted sex). Students (N = 2024) were assessed at three time points: fall semester of the students' first year in college (baseline), 6-months post-baseline, and one-year post-baseline. Personality constructs were assessed at baseline (i.e., impulsivity, sensation seeking, self-regulation), willingness to experience negative alcohol-related consequences was assessed at baseline and 6-months, and negative alcohol-related consequences were examined at baseline and one-year post-baseline. A structural path model was used to examine if willingness mediated the effects of personality on consequences. Baseline drinking was included as a covariate in the model. Results demonstrated willingness to experience consequences significantly mediated the effects of impulsivity, sensation seeking, and self-regulation on consequences. Findings from this study support the idea that consequence-specific cognitions, such as willingness, can explain changes in consequences associated with personality. This suggests that intervention efforts aimed at reducing negative alcohol-related consequences could benefit from the inclusion of consequence-specific cognitions, personality (e.g., impulsivity, sensation seeking, and self-regulation), and drinking.
Collapse
|
20
|
Wranker LS, Elmståhl S, Ekström H. Pain and alcohol: a comparison of two cohorts of 60 year old women and men: findings from the Good Aging in Skåne study. Scand J Pain 2018; 18:611-620. [PMID: 29995637 DOI: 10.1515/sjpain-2018-0064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background and aims Pain, use of painkillers and alcohol are highly prevalent in the general population. Aims of the study were to describe differences in pain, alcohol consumption and use of painkillers among two 60 year old birth cohorts stratified by gender. Methods Participants were recruited from the Skåne centre of The Swedish National study on Aging and Care, a multicentre, prospective, longitudinal study. The sample comprised 60 year old men and women born between 1941 and 1943 and recruited to the study between 2001 and 2004 (n=663) and 60 year old men and women born in the period 1952-1954 and recruited to the study between 2013 and 2015 (n=924). Specially trained research staff conducted the interviews. For descriptive statistics the variables were presented in total numbers, percentages, mean and standard deviation, and 1st and 3rd quartile are also shown. The sample was divided into four groups: men and women born in the period 1941-1943, men and women born in the period 1952-1954, respectively. Results No difference in alcohol intake was detected between the two birth cohorts. All participants, regardless of pain or not, reported alcohol use below the specified risk level for both sexes. Teetotallers were more common in the 1952-1954 male cohort, 128 (29%), p<0.029. Two hundred and eighty one Men born between 1952 and 1954 reported pain (59.0%), compared to 173 men born between 1941 and 1943 (51.6%), p<0.034. There was no difference between the male cohorts in use of painkillers, p<0.062. No difference was found between the two female cohorts in terms of pain, p<0.144. One hundred and ten women in the 1941-43 cohort used painkillers (53.1%) compared to 119 women born between 1952 and 1954 (40.1%), p<0.004. When comparing men and women with pain born between 1941 and 1942, men with moderate pain use more alcohol, 157 g/month (q1 10, q3 365) than women, 44 g/month (q1 0, q3 134), p<0.001. Men with severe pain also use more alcohol, 96 g/month (q1 17, q3 324) than women, 27 g/month (q1 0, q1 118), p<0.030, and when those with pain were merged into a group, men use more alcohol, 175 g/month (q1 31, q3 356), than women, 68 g/month (q1 1, q3 207), p<0.001. This also applies to the later cohort; men, 132 g/month (q1 22, q3 270), compared to women, 76 g/month (q1 8, q3 182), p<0.001. When merging all pain into one group women use more painkillers both in the 1941-43 cohort, men (39.9%) compared to women (53.1%), p<0.010 and in the 1952-54 cohort, men (18.5%) compared to women (26.6%), p<0.003. Use of analgesics and alcohol is common but the highest percentage is among women born between 1941 and 1943, 45 (48.9%). Conclusions Pain and alcohol use are common among 60 year old women and men. A gender difference is that women use more painkillers. In the 1941-43 cohort almost every second woman with moderate pain who took painkillers also consumed alcohol. Implications It is time to alert prescribers that a large section of the population uses alcohol combined with painkillers. More research is needed to better understand the long-term perspective on health when using both painkillers and alcohol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lena Sandin Wranker
- Department of Health Sciences, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sölve Elmståhl
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Henrik Ekström
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Martinez-Loredo V, Fernandez-Hermida JR, De La Torre-Luque A, Fernandez-Artamendi S. Trajectories of impulsivity by sex predict substance use and heavy drinking. Addict Behav 2018; 85:164-172. [PMID: 29910036 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Although impulsivity and sensation seeking have been consistently associated with substance use, few studies have analyzed the relationship between changes in these variables and substance use in early adolescents. The aim of this study was to identify trajectories of impulsivity and sensation seeking and explore their relationship with substance use and heavy drinking. A total of 1342 non-user adolescents (53.6% males; mean age = 12.98, SD = 0.50) annually completed the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, the Zuckerman's Impulsive Sensation Seeking scale and a delay discounting task, over a total period of three years. Past alcohol, tobacco and cannabis use, drunkenness episodes (DE) and problem drinking were also assessed. Impulsivity trajectories were explored using latent class mixed modelling. To study their predictive power binary logistic regressions were used. Two trajectories of impulsivity were found in males and five were found in females. Males with an increasing impulsivity trajectory were more likely to report tobacco [odds ratio (OR) = 1.84] and cannabis (OR = 3.01) use, DE (OR = 2.44) and problem drinking (OR = 3.12). The early increasing trajectory in females predicted tobacco use (OR = 3.71), cannabis use (OR = 5.87) and DE (OR = 3.64). Lack of premeditation and delay discounting were the most relevant facets in high-risk trajectories. Selective intervention and more intense and tailored treatment might help these adolescents to reduce early increases in impulsivity and prevent escalation of substance use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victor Martinez-Loredo
- Clinical Unit of Addictive Behaviors, Department of Psychology, University of Oviedo, Pza Feijoo s/n, 33003 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.
| | - Jose Ramon Fernandez-Hermida
- Clinical Unit of Addictive Behaviors, Department of Psychology, University of Oviedo, Pza Feijoo s/n, 33003 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Alejandro De La Torre-Luque
- Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Madrid, C/ Arzobispo Morcillo, 4, 28029 Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio Fernandez-Artamendi
- Universidad Loyola Andalucia, Department of Psychology, C/ Energía solar, 1, 41014 Sevilla, Andalucía, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Savage JE, Long EC, Kuo SIC, Cooke ME, Su J, Barr PB, Salvatore JE. Alcohol Misuse Across the Lifespan: Insights from Developmental Studies in Behavior Genetics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 4:186-193. [PMID: 29430518 DOI: 10.1177/2372732217720222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol misuse, one of today's greatest public health challenges, is a developmentally dynamic, complex behavior at the intersection of genetic and environmental influences. This review examines such influences from a behavior genetics perspective and discusses implications for public policy. Alcohol misuse is moderately heritable with genetic influences accounting for around 50% of its variance, but to date few specific genes have been identified. However, numerous environmental and social factors moderate genetic risk, including parents, peers, romantic partners, family dynamics, employment, laws, and cultural influences. These moderating factors change in salience across development, and, accordingly, no one-size-fits-all approach is suitable for reducing alcohol misuse at a large scale. We provide examples of some effective prevention and intervention programs and discuss a framework for using the behavior genetics evidence to inform future public policy efforts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne E Savage
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Elizabeth C Long
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Sally I-Chun Kuo
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Megan E Cooke
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Jinni Su
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Peter B Barr
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Jessica E Salvatore
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.,Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Stautz K, Zupan Z, Field M, Marteau TM. Does self-control modify the impact of interventions to change alcohol, tobacco, and food consumption? A systematic review. Health Psychol Rev 2018; 12:157-178. [PMID: 29291664 DOI: 10.1080/17437199.2017.1421477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Low self-control is associated with increased consumption of alcohol, tobacco, and unhealthy food. This systematic review aimed to assess whether individual differences in self-control modify the effectiveness of interventions to reduce consumption of these products, and hence their potential to reduce consumption amongst those whose consumption is generally greater. Searches of six databases were supplemented with snowball searches and forward citation tracking. Narrative synthesis summarised findings by: consumption behaviour (alcohol, tobacco, food); psychological processes targeted by the intervention (reflective, non-reflective, or both); and study design (experiment, cohort, or cross-sectional). Of 54 eligible studies, 22 reported no evidence of modification, 18 reported interventions to be less effective in those with low self-control, and 14 reported interventions to be more effective in those with low self-control. This pattern did not differ from chance. Whilst self-control often influenced intervention outcomes, there was no consistent pattern of effects, even when stratifying studies by consumption behaviour, intervention type, or study design. There was a notable absence of evidence regarding interventions that restructure physical or economic environments. In summary, a heterogeneous, low-quality evidence base suggests an inconsistent moderating effect of low self-control on the effectiveness of interventions to change consumption behaviours.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaidy Stautz
- a Behaviour and Health Research Unit , University of Cambridge , Cambridge , UK
| | - Zorana Zupan
- a Behaviour and Health Research Unit , University of Cambridge , Cambridge , UK
| | - Matt Field
- b Department of Psychological Sciences , University of Liverpool , Liverpool , UK
| | - Theresa M Marteau
- a Behaviour and Health Research Unit , University of Cambridge , Cambridge , UK
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Edalati H, Conrod PJ. A Review of Personality-Targeted Interventions for Prevention of Substance Misuse and Related Harm in Community Samples of Adolescents. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:770. [PMID: 30723431 PMCID: PMC6349726 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Several school-based prevention programmes have been developed and used to prevent, delay, or reduce substance misuse, and related problems among community samples of adolescents. However, findings indicate that many of these interventions are associated with null, small, or mixed effects in reducing adolescent substance misuse, in particular for those mostly at risk of transitioning to substance use disorders. These findings highlight the need to shift the focus of substance use prevention efforts toward intervention strategies which directly target high-risk adolescents. The Preventure programme was designed to target four personality risk factors for substance misuse: hopelessness, anxiety sensitivity, impulsivity, and sensation seeking. This article reviews findings from the previous trials of personality-targeted interventions (i.e., Preventure programme) with adolescents and discuss the promises and benefits of these interventions for targeting community samples of high-risk adolescents at school level for reducing substance misuse and related mental health problems. Findings indicated that this programme has been successful in reducing the rates of alcohol and illicit drug use and substance-related harms by ~50% in high-risk adolescents with the effects last for up to 3 years. These interventions were also associated with a 25% reduction in likelihood of transitioning to mental health problems, such as anxiety, depression, suicidal ideation, and conduct problems. The programme is particularly beneficial for youth with more significant risk profiles, such as youth reporting clinically significant levels of externalizing problems, and victimized adolescents. A key strength of the Preventure programme is that it is embedded in the community and provides substance use intervention at school level to the general samples of high-risk adolescents who might not otherwise have access to those programmes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanie Edalati
- Department of Psychiatry, CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Patricia J Conrod
- Department of Psychiatry, CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Adan A, Forero DA, Navarro JF. Personality Traits Related to Binge Drinking: A Systematic Review. Front Psychiatry 2017; 8:134. [PMID: 28804465 PMCID: PMC5532381 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The pattern of alcohol consumption in the form of binge drinking (BD) or heavy episodic drinking has increased notably worldwide in recent years, especially among adolescent and young people, being currently recognized as a global health problem. Although only a minority of binge drinkers will develop a substance use disorder, BD may have negative personal and social consequences in the short and medium term. The objective of this article is to review the findings on personality traits related to binge drinkers and to emphasize the aspects that should be examined in order to make progress in this area. The main characteristics of personality related to the practice of BD, regardless of the theoretical model used, are high Impulsivity and high Sensation seeking, as well as Anxiety sensitivity, Neuroticism (Hopelessness), Extraversion and low Conscientiousness. The data obtained may have theoretical implications to elucidate the endophenotype of BD, but they are especially useful for their preventive applications. Integration into prevention programs of emotional self-control skills, decision-making, social skills, and strategies to manage negative emotions will minimize the risk factors or consequences of BD associated with personality and will improve their effectiveness. In the future, it is necessary to harmonize a common measurement instrument for the assessment of personality, develop longitudinal studies with large samples that also integrate biological and neurocognitive measurements, and determine the reciprocal relationship between personality and BD together with its modulating variables, as well as the possible cultural differences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Adan
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Diego A Forero
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Genetics, School of Medicine, Universidad Antonio Nariño, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | |
Collapse
|