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Bonar EE, Tan CY, Fernandez AC, Goldstick JE, Chapman L, Florimbio AR, Walton MA. A social media intervention for high-intensity drinking among emerging adults: a pilot randomized controlled trial. Alcohol Alcohol 2024; 59:agae005. [PMID: 38364317 PMCID: PMC10872155 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agae005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS High-intensity drinking (HID) is a pattern of risky drinking defined as at least 8 drinks (for women) or 10 drinks (for men) in a single episode. Individuals engaged in HID may be at greater risk for consequences, necessitating tailored interventions. Herein, we report the feasibility and acceptability of a social media-delivered 8-week intervention for emerging adults with recent HID. METHODS Using social media advertising, we recruited 102 emerging adults who reported past-month HID. Average age was 20.0 year-olds (SD = 2.0); 51.0% were male. Most identified as White (64.7%; 14.7% Black/African American, 13.7% multiracial) and 26.5% identified as Hispanic/Latinx. Participants were randomized to an 8-week intervention delivered via Snapchat by health coaches (N = 50) or to a control condition (psychoeducational website referral; N = 52). Follow-ups occurred at 2 and 4 months post-baseline. RESULTS The intervention was acceptable (85.1% liked it/liked it a lot) and there were high follow-up rates. Participants rated coaches as supportive (91.5%) and respectful (93.6%). Descriptively, helpfulness ratings were higher for non-alcohol-related content (e.g. stress; 59.6% very/extremely helpful) than alcohol-related content (40.4% very/extremely helpful). Regarding engagement, 86.0% engaged approximately weekly and 59.6% indicated they saved intervention snaps. Descriptive data showed reductions over time in several measures of alcohol consumption and consequences as well as cannabis-impaired driving and mental health symptoms. CONCLUSIONS This 8-week social media intervention for HID was feasible and acceptable among emerging adults, supporting the benefit of future testing in a fully powered trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin E Bonar
- Michigan Innovations in Addiction Care through Research & Education Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Rd. Building 16, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
- Injury Prevention Center, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Rd. Building 10, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Chiu Y Tan
- Addiction Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Rd. Building 16, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Anne C Fernandez
- Michigan Innovations in Addiction Care through Research & Education Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Rd. Building 16, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
- Addiction Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Rd. Building 16, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Jason E Goldstick
- Injury Prevention Center, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Rd. Building 10, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Rd. Building 10, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Lyndsay Chapman
- Addiction Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Rd. Building 16, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Autumn R Florimbio
- Addiction Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Rd. Building 16, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Maureen A Walton
- Michigan Innovations in Addiction Care through Research & Education Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Rd. Building 16, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
- Injury Prevention Center, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Rd. Building 10, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
- Addiction Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Rd. Building 16, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
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Savage UC, MacKillop J, Murphy JG. Associations between alcohol demand, delayed reward discounting, and high-intensity drinking in a diverse emerging adult sample. Exp Clin Psychopharmacol 2023; 31:829-838. [PMID: 37184944 PMCID: PMC10527522 DOI: 10.1037/pha0000653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The high-intensity drinking threshold (HID; 8+/10+ drinks for women/men) is more strongly associated with significant alcohol-related health consequences than the more common heavy episodic drinking threshold (HED; 4+/5+ drinks for women/men). Behavioral economic measures of alcohol reward value (demand) and delayed reward discounting (DRD) have shown associations with other alcohol-related risk behaviors and may contribute to efforts to identify individuals who are at risk for HID from the larger subgroup of at-risk drinkers who engage in HED. Logistic regression analyses tested if alcohol demand and DRD were associated with HID in a sample of 477 emerging adults who reported recent heavy drinking. Receiver operating curve (ROC) analyses were conducted to test these variables' ability to classify HID group membership and to select an optimal cutoff score. In logistic regression analyses controlling for typical weekly drinking, demographics, and other variables associated with HID, participants reporting higher demand intensity (amount of alcohol purchased when price is zero; Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) = 20.27, 95% CI [5.71, 71.91]) and lower demand elasticity (sensitivity of alcohol consumption to increases in cost; AOR = .29, 95% CI [.11, 72]) were more likely to report HID relative to HED. Omax (maximum alcohol expenditure) and DRD were associated with HID in bivariate, but not in multivariate models. The ROC analysis provided support for an intensity cutoff of 7.5 or higher. These findings suggest that brief alcohol demand curve measures, in particular demand intensity and elasticity, may have utility in identifying individuals who are at risk for HID. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulysses C. Savage
- Department of Psychology, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - James MacKillop
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - James G. Murphy
- Department of Psychology, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
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Greenfield TK, Lui CK, Cook WK, Karriker-Jaffe KJ, Li L, Wilsnack SC, Bloomfield K, Room R, Laslett AM, Bond J, Korcha R. High Intensity Drinking (HID) Assessed by Maximum Quantity Consumed Is an Important Pattern Measure Adding Predictive Value in Higher and Lower Income Societies for Modeling Alcohol-Related Problems. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3748. [PMID: 36834453 PMCID: PMC9958696 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Adjusting for demographics and standard drinking measures, High Intensity Drinking (HID), indexed by the maximum quantity consumed in a single day in the past 12 months, may be valuable in predicting alcohol dependence other harms across high and low income societies. The data consisted of 17 surveys of adult (15,460 current drinkers; 71% of total surveyed) in Europe (3), the Americas (8), Africa (2), and Asia/Australia (4). Gender-disaggregated country analyses used Poison regression to investigate whether HID (8-11, 12-23, 24+ drinks) was incrementally influential, beyond log drinking volume and HED (Heavy Episodic Drinking, or 5+ days), in predicting drinking problems, adjusting for age and marital status. In adjusted models predicting AUDIT-5 for men, adding HID improved the overall model fit for 11 of 15 countries. For women, 12 of 14 countries with available data showed an improved fit with HID included. The results for the five Life-Area Harms were similar for men. Considering the results by gender, each country showing improvements in model fit by adding HID had larger values of the average difference between high intensity and usual consumption, implying variations in amounts consumed on any given day. The amount consumed/day often greatly exceeded HED levels. In many societies of varying income levels, as hypothesized, HID provided important added information on drinking patterns for predicting harms, beyond the standard volume and binging indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas K. Greenfield
- Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute (PHI), 6001 Shellmound St., Suite 450, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
| | - Camillia K. Lui
- Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute (PHI), 6001 Shellmound St., Suite 450, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
| | - Won K. Cook
- Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute (PHI), 6001 Shellmound St., Suite 450, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
| | - Katherine J. Karriker-Jaffe
- Community Health & Implementation Research Program, Research Triangle Institute, Berkeley Office, CA 94704, USA
| | - Libo Li
- Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute (PHI), 6001 Shellmound St., Suite 450, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
| | - Sharon C. Wilsnack
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 94704, USA
| | - Kim Bloomfield
- Centre for Alcohol and Drug Research, School of Business and Social Sciences, Aarhus University, 2400 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Robin Room
- Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University (Melbourne Campus), Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
- Centre for Social Research on Alcohol and Drugs, Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anne-Marie Laslett
- Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University (Melbourne Campus), Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Jason Bond
- Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute (PHI), 6001 Shellmound St., Suite 450, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
| | - Rachael Korcha
- Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute (PHI), 6001 Shellmound St., Suite 450, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
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Bachrach RL, Zhou A, Kumar L, Lyons G, Skrzynski CJ, Creswell KG. Indirect effects of personality on high-intensity drinking: The role of drinking motives. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2023; 47:361-369. [PMID: 36507856 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Researchers have long been interested in identifying risk factors for binge drinking behavior (4+/5+ drinks/occasion for females/males), but many studies have demonstrated that a substantial proportion of young adults are drinking at levels far beyond (often 2 to 3 times) the standard binge threshold. The consumption of such large quantities of alcohol, typically referred to as high-intensity drinking (HID), can cause severe alcohol-related problems, such as blackouts, unintended sexual experiences, and death. This study is the first to investigate whether personality is indirectly associated with the likelihood of HID via drinking motives in a large (N = 999) sample of underage young adult drinkers. We hypothesized that trait neuroticism would be indirectly associated with the likelihood of HID via coping motives and that extraversion would be indirectly associated with the likelihood of HID via social and enhancement motives. METHODS To investigate these hypotheses, we used two archival data sets that recruited current underage (18- to 20-year-old) adult drinkers residing in the United States from online panel services. Participants completed self-report survey items assessing constructs of interest. To investigate the role of drinking motives in the association between personality and HID, both the direct and indirect effects were calculated via three path analyses. RESULTS Findings revealed that neuroticism was partially indirectly associated with the likelihood of HID via coping motives (b = 0.02, SE = 0.004, p < 0.01). In addition, extraversion was indirectly associated with the likelihood of HID via social (b = 0.031, SE = 0.002, p < 0.01) and enhancement motives (b = 0.01, SE = 0.002, p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS These findings are an initial step in examining the interplay among personality traits, drinking motives, and HID in underage drinkers and point to the need for longitudinal studies assessing these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel L Bachrach
- Center for Health Equity and Research Promotion, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Agnes Zhou
- Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lakshmi Kumar
- Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Greta Lyons
- Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Carillon J Skrzynski
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Kasey G Creswell
- Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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5
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Veliz PT, Schulenberg JE, Zdroik J, Werner KS, McCabe SE. The Initiation and Developmental Course of Prescription Drug Misuse Among High School Athletes During the Transition Through Young Adulthood. Am J Epidemiol 2022; 191:1886-1896. [PMID: 35944169 PMCID: PMC10144610 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwac132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the extent to which involvement in high-contact, semicontact, or noncontact sports during the 12th grade is associated with the initiation and developmental course of prescription drug misuse (PDM) between ages 17/18 years and 27/28 years. Data were collected from a national multicohort panel sample of US 12th-graders (cohorts 2006-2017; n = 4,772) from the Monitoring the Future Study who were followed for a decade, through age 27/28 years. Approximately 31% of high school seniors indicated PDM at baseline (age 17/18 years). While past-year PDM remained relatively stable between ages 17/18 years and 27/28 years, participation in both noncontact (adjusted odds ratio = 1.40, 95% confidence interval: 1.02, 1.91) and contact (adjusted odds ratio = 1.57, 95% confidence interval: 1.08, 2.28) sports in the 12th grade increased the odds of initiating prescription stimulant misuse during the 10 years following high school as compared with respondents who did not participate in these types of sports in the 12th grade. To our knowledge, this is the first national study to have assessed how sports participation during high school is associated with the initiation and developmental course of PDM from adolescence to young adulthood. These findings reinforce the need for PDM screening during adolescence, as nearly 1 in 3 high school seniors engage in PDM. Increased prescription stimulant misuse following high school warrants ongoing monitoring during young adulthood, especially among athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip T Veliz
- Correspondence to Dr. Philip T. Veliz, Center for the Study of Drugs, Alcohol, Smoking and Health, School of Nursing, University of Michigan, 400 North Ingalls, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 (e-mail: )
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6
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Patrick ME, Terry-McElrath YM, Bonar EE. Patterns and predictors of high-intensity drinking and implications for intervention. PSYCHOLOGY OF ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS 2022; 36:581-594. [PMID: 36066869 PMCID: PMC9449141 DOI: 10.1037/adb0000758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Efforts to intervene with subgroups at particularly high risk for alcohol use require information on factors that differentiate drinking intensity levels. This article summarizes existing research and provides new findings on sociodemographics and risk factors that differentiate high-intensity drinking (HID) to provide context for developing and delivering interventions for the highest-risk drinkers. Cross-sectional data were obtained in 2019 from participants who reported past 30-day alcohol use in 2018 as part of the nationally representative 12th grade Monitoring the Future study. Among past 2-week drinkers in 2019 (N = 601; modal age 19; 57.0% male; 67.4% non-Hispanic White), bivariate associations between drinking intensity (moderate drinking [1-4 drinks for women/1-5 drinks for men], binge-only drinking [4-7/5-9 drinks], and HID [8+/10+ drinks]) and a range of sociodemographic characteristics, risk factors, and alcohol-related consequences were examined. Results showed binge-drinking norms, social and enhancement drinking motives, nicotine vaping, and use of limiting/stopping drinking and manner of drinking protective behavioral strategies differentiated all drinking intensity levels, lending support to HID and binge-only drinking having an overlapping risk profile. However, there were also risk factors uniquely associated with HID, including sex, college attendance, employment, HID norms, use of serious harm reduction protective behavioral strategies, family history of drinking problems, any cigarette or drug use other than marijuana, and depression symptoms. Therefore, risk factors differentiate young adult drinking intensity. These results can inform efforts to adapt interventions for young adults who report HID. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E. Patrick
- Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | | | - Erin E. Bonar
- Addiction Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
- Injury Prevention Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
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7
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Parks MJ, Maggs JL, Patrick ME. Daily fluctuations in drinking intensity: Links with vaping and combustible use of nicotine and marijuana. Drug Alcohol Depend 2022; 233:109347. [PMID: 35219999 PMCID: PMC8957603 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2022.109347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whether alcohol use intensity on a given day is linked with nicotine or marijuana use that same day is not well known, nor are links of drinking intensity with different modes of nicotine and marijuana use. This study examined these within-person links across 14 days in a national sample of young adults (YAs). METHODS Past 30-day drinkers participating in the U.S. nationally representative Monitoring the Future study of 12th graders in 2018, who also reported alcohol use during a 14-day data collection one year later in the Young Adult Daily Life Study in 2019, were included (N = 487). Weighted multilevel modeling estimated within- and between-person associations of drinking intensity with cigarette smoking, nicotine vaping, marijuana smoking, and marijuana vaping. RESULTS Within-person fluctuations in drinking intensity on a given day were associated with cigarette smoking, nicotine vaping, and marijuana smoking, but not marijuana vaping. There were significant between-person associations of means of drinking intensity and each outcome, except for cigarette smoking. CONCLUSION Drinking intensity on a given day was associated with multiple modes of nicotine use and marijuana smoking that day. Nicotine and marijuana use remain critical areas of concern for public health, and future research and interventions should consider the comorbidity of drinking intensity and multiple modes of nicotine and marijuana use. Focusing on the same-day use of alcohol may provide a tailored avenue for preventing and reducing nicotine and marijuana emerging trends among YAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Parks
- Center for Applied Research and Educational Improvement, University of Minnesota, 1954 Buford Ave., St. Paul MN 55108,Corresponding author: ; (612) 625-9449
| | - Jennifer L. Maggs
- Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Megan E. Patrick
- Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Bonar EE, Souweidane MA, Blow FC, Bohnert ASB, Bauermeister JA, Young SD, Walton MA. High-intensity drinking among adolescent and emerging adult risky drinkers. Subst Abus 2022; 43:713-721. [PMID: 35100097 PMCID: PMC9720995 DOI: 10.1080/08897077.2021.2007513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Background: High-intensity drinking (HID; 8+ U.S. standard drinks for women, 10+ men) is initiated during adolescence/emerging adulthood, increasing risk for negative outcomes, including blackouts. We examined baseline data from a study of risky drinking youth to identify factors associated with HID. Methods: Risky drinkers (ages 16-24) were recruited online (positive 3-month AUDIT-C score) as part of a larger study to examine social media interventions for risky drinking. We used baseline survey data to examine HID in relation to demographics, substance use-related variables, and individual and social factors. Results: Among 931 risky drinkers, 29.8% reported past-month HID, and those with HID reported greater substance use and consequences. In multivariable analysis, HID was associated with male sex; greater social motives, impulsivity, and motivation; lower self-efficacy; and greater likelihood of not living with parents, drinking with important peers, and parental disapproval of posting drinking pictures. When examining age group interactions (16-20; 21-24), underage drinkers with high sensation-seeking scores and lower parental disapproval of posting drinking pictures on social media reported greater HID. Conclusions: Among risky drinking youth, male sex, social motives, impulsivity, higher motivation to and lower-self-efficacy to reduce drinking, living away from parents, more frequent drinking with important peers, and lower parental disapproval of posting drinking pictures on social media were positively associated with HID. Further, HID was associated with greater health consequences, underscoring the need for HID interventions. Such interventions may benefit from enhancing motivation and self-efficacy, particularly in social contexts, as well as increasing positive peer and leisure activities to reduce HID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin E. Bonar
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Rd. Building 16, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA,Addiction Center, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Rd. Building 16, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA,Injury Prevention Center, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Rd. Building 10, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Mariam A. Souweidane
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Rd. Building 16, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA,Addiction Center, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Rd. Building 16, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Frederic C. Blow
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Rd. Building 16, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA,Addiction Center, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Rd. Building 16, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA,VA Center for Clinical Management Research, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Rd Bldg 16, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2800
| | - Amy S. B. Bohnert
- VA Center for Clinical Management Research, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Rd Bldg 16, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2800,Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Rd Bldg 16, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2800
| | - José A. Bauermeister
- Department of Family and Community Health, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Sean D. Young
- Department of Informatics, Donald Bren School of Information and Computer Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697,Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697
| | - Maureen A. Walton
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Rd. Building 16, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA,Addiction Center, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Rd. Building 16, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA,Injury Prevention Center, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Rd. Building 10, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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9
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Nahum-Shani I, Rabbi M, Yap J, Philyaw-Kotov ML, Klasnja P, Bonar EE, Cunningham RM, Murphy SA, Walton MA. Translating strategies for promoting engagement in mobile health: A proof-of-concept microrandomized trial. Health Psychol 2021; 40:974-987. [PMID: 34735165 PMCID: PMC8738098 DOI: 10.1037/hea0001101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mobile technologies allow for accessible and cost-effective health monitoring and intervention delivery. Despite these advantages, mobile health (mHealth) engagement is often insufficient. While monetary incentives may increase engagement, they can backfire, dampening intrinsic motivations and undermining intervention scalability. Theories from psychology and behavioral economics suggest useful nonmonetary strategies for promoting engagement; however, examinations of the applicability of these strategies to mHealth engagement are lacking. This proof-of-concept study evaluates the translation of theoretically-grounded engagement strategies into mHealth, by testing their potential utility in promoting daily self-reporting. METHOD A microrandomized trial (MRT) was conducted with adolescents and emerging adults with past-month substance use. Participants were randomized multiple times daily to receive theoretically-grounded strategies, namely reciprocity (the delivery of inspirational quote prior to self-reporting window) and nonmonetary reinforcers (e.g., the delivery of meme/gif following self-reporting completion) to improve proximal engagement in daily mHealth self-reporting. RESULTS Daily self-reporting rates (62.3%; n = 68) were slightly lower than prior literature, albeit with much lower financial incentives. The utility of specific strategies was found to depend on contextual factors pertaining to the individual's receptivity and risk for disengagement. For example, the effect of reciprocity significantly varied depending on whether this strategy was employed (vs. not employed) during the weekend. The nonmonetary reinforcement strategy resulted in different outcomes when operationalized in various ways. CONCLUSIONS While the results support the translation of the reciprocity strategy into this mHealth setting, the translation of nonmonetary reinforcement requires further consideration prior to inclusion in a full scale MRT. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
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Greenfield TK, Patterson D, Karriker-Jaffe KJ, Kerr WC, Gilder DA, Ehlers CL. Childhood Experiences and High-Intensity Drinking Among American Indian and Alaska Native Adults: Findings From the 2000-2015 National Alcohol Surveys. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 2021; 82:564-575. [PMID: 34546902 PMCID: PMC8819606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to examine associations with high-intensity drinking (HID) in American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) populations and compare them to White and other minority groups using four National Alcohol Surveys, 2000 to 2015 (total N = 29,571; AI/ANs = 434). METHOD Current drinking and HID (8+ and 12+ drinks on any day) from maximum drinks in the prior 12 months were analyzed with independent variables and race/ethnicity (AI/AN, non-Hispanic White, and other racial/ethnic groups combined). Adjusted logistic regression models comprised gender, age, marital status, employment, education, survey year, rurality, and especially, childhood trauma (physical/sexual abuse), and biological family alcohol problem history (each dichotomous). RESULTS In adjusted population models, Whites had twice the odds of current drinking as AI/ANs, with no difference between other racial/ethnic groups and AI/ANs. Descriptively, AI/AN drinkers consumed at higher intensity levels than other groups, with higher prevalence of childhood trauma and family problem drinking than others. However, on a population basis, adjusting for all factors, apparent differences between AI/AN and White HID were eliminated; other minority groups together, compared with AI/ANs, showed lower odds of consuming 8+ drinks. CONCLUSIONS AI/ANs had a higher prevalence of childhood trauma and family alcohol problems as well as lower current drinking likelihood compared with Whites. In adjusted population models, the combined other minorities group was less likely to ever consume 8+ drinks than AI/ANs. In all populations, childhood trauma and family alcohol problems increased the risk of HID, strongly so in AI/ANs. Addressing childhood trauma and family problems is important among AI/ANs to break generational cycles of drinking extreme amounts per occasion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Deidre Patterson
- Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute, Emeryville, California
| | - Katherine J. Karriker-Jaffe
- Community Health and Implementation Research Program, Research Triangle Institute International, Berkeley, California
| | - William C. Kerr
- Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute, Emeryville, California
| | - David A. Gilder
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California
| | - Cindy L. Ehlers
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California
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Greenfield TK, Patterson D, Karriker-Jaffe KJ, Kerr WC, Gilder DA, Ehlers CL. Childhood Experiences and High-Intensity Drinking Among American Indian and Alaska Native Adults: Findings From the 2000-2015 National Alcohol Surveys. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 2021; 82:564-575. [PMID: 34546902 PMCID: PMC8819606 DOI: 10.15288/jsad.2021.82.564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to examine associations with high-intensity drinking (HID) in American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) populations and compare them to White and other minority groups using four National Alcohol Surveys, 2000 to 2015 (total N = 29,571; AI/ANs = 434). METHOD Current drinking and HID (8+ and 12+ drinks on any day) from maximum drinks in the prior 12 months were analyzed with independent variables and race/ethnicity (AI/AN, non-Hispanic White, and other racial/ethnic groups combined). Adjusted logistic regression models comprised gender, age, marital status, employment, education, survey year, rurality, and especially, childhood trauma (physical/sexual abuse), and biological family alcohol problem history (each dichotomous). RESULTS In adjusted population models, Whites had twice the odds of current drinking as AI/ANs, with no difference between other racial/ethnic groups and AI/ANs. Descriptively, AI/AN drinkers consumed at higher intensity levels than other groups, with higher prevalence of childhood trauma and family problem drinking than others. However, on a population basis, adjusting for all factors, apparent differences between AI/AN and White HID were eliminated; other minority groups together, compared with AI/ANs, showed lower odds of consuming 8+ drinks. CONCLUSIONS AI/ANs had a higher prevalence of childhood trauma and family alcohol problems as well as lower current drinking likelihood compared with Whites. In adjusted population models, the combined other minorities group was less likely to ever consume 8+ drinks than AI/ANs. In all populations, childhood trauma and family alcohol problems increased the risk of HID, strongly so in AI/ANs. Addressing childhood trauma and family problems is important among AI/ANs to break generational cycles of drinking extreme amounts per occasion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Deidre Patterson
- Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute, Emeryville, California
| | - Katherine J. Karriker-Jaffe
- Community Health and Implementation Research Program, Research Triangle Institute International, Berkeley, California
| | - William C. Kerr
- Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute, Emeryville, California
| | - David A. Gilder
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California
| | - Cindy L. Ehlers
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California
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Patrick ME, Evans-Polce RJ, Parks MJ, Terry-McElrath YM. Drinking Intensity at Age 29/30 as a Predictor of Alcohol Use Disorder Symptoms at Age 35 in a National Sample. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 2021. [PMID: 34100704 DOI: 10.15288/jsad.2021.82.362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this longitudinal study was to identify associations of drinking intensity at age 29/30 with symptoms of alcohol use disorder (AUD) at age 35. METHOD Analyses used national longitudinal data from 1,253 individuals (53.5% female) participating in the Monitoring the Future study. Age 29/30 data were collected from 2005 to 2013; age 35 data were collected from 2010 to 2018. Multivariable models regressed age 35 past-5-year AUD symptoms (vs. nondisordered drinking/abstinence) on age 29/30 past-2-week drinking intensity (no/low [0-4] drinking, binge [5-9] drinking, high-intensity [10+] drinking), with key covariates being controlled for. RESULTS At age 35, 32.6% (SE = 1.50) of respondents reported AUD symptoms. AUD symptoms at age 35 were reported by 77.5% (SE = 4.79) of participants who reported age 29/30 high-intensity drinking and 60.6% (SE = 3.95) of participants who reported age 29/30 binge drinking. Age 35 past-5-year abstinence was reported by almost no respondents reporting age 29/30 binge drinking or high-intensity drinking. AUD symptoms at age 35 were significantly more likely for those who reported binge (adjusted multivariable odds ratio [AOR] = 5.61, 95% CI [3.79, 8.30], p < .001) or high-intensity (AOR = 12.26, 95% CI [6.70, 22.41], p < .001) drinking versus no/low drinking at age 29/30. The likelihood of having AUD symptoms was significantly higher for high-intensity than for binge drinkers (AOR = 2.18, 95% CI [1.14, 4.19], p = .019). CONCLUSIONS Nearly 80% of those young adults who reported engaging in high-intensity drinking (10+ drinks in a row) at age 29/30 later reported AUD symptoms at age 35. High-intensity drinking appears to be a strong prospective marker of risk for AUD symptoms among adults in the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E Patrick
- Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Rebecca J Evans-Polce
- Center for the Study of Drugs, Alcohol, Smoking and Health, School of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Michael J Parks
- Institute for Translational Research in Children's Mental Health, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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Patrick ME, Evans-Polce RJ, Parks MJ, Terry-McElrath YM. Drinking Intensity at Age 29/30 as a Predictor of Alcohol Use Disorder Symptoms at Age 35 in a National Sample. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 2021; 82:362-367. [PMID: 34100704 PMCID: PMC8328234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this longitudinal study was to identify associations of drinking intensity at age 29/30 with symptoms of alcohol use disorder (AUD) at age 35. METHOD Analyses used national longitudinal data from 1,253 individuals (53.5% female) participating in the Monitoring the Future study. Age 29/30 data were collected from 2005 to 2013; age 35 data were collected from 2010 to 2018. Multivariable models regressed age 35 past-5-year AUD symptoms (vs. nondisordered drinking/abstinence) on age 29/30 past-2-week drinking intensity (no/low [0-4] drinking, binge [5-9] drinking, high-intensity [10+] drinking), with key covariates being controlled for. RESULTS At age 35, 32.6% (SE = 1.50) of respondents reported AUD symptoms. AUD symptoms at age 35 were reported by 77.5% (SE = 4.79) of participants who reported age 29/30 high-intensity drinking and 60.6% (SE = 3.95) of participants who reported age 29/30 binge drinking. Age 35 past-5-year abstinence was reported by almost no respondents reporting age 29/30 binge drinking or high-intensity drinking. AUD symptoms at age 35 were significantly more likely for those who reported binge (adjusted multivariable odds ratio [AOR] = 5.61, 95% CI [3.79, 8.30], p < .001) or high-intensity (AOR = 12.26, 95% CI [6.70, 22.41], p < .001) drinking versus no/low drinking at age 29/30. The likelihood of having AUD symptoms was significantly higher for high-intensity than for binge drinkers (AOR = 2.18, 95% CI [1.14, 4.19], p = .019). CONCLUSIONS Nearly 80% of those young adults who reported engaging in high-intensity drinking (10+ drinks in a row) at age 29/30 later reported AUD symptoms at age 35. High-intensity drinking appears to be a strong prospective marker of risk for AUD symptoms among adults in the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E. Patrick
- Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Rebecca J. Evans-Polce
- Center for the Study of Drugs, Alcohol, Smoking and Health, School of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Michael J. Parks
- Institute for Translational Research in Children's Mental Health, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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Patrick ME, Terry-McElrath YM. Drinking Motives and Drinking Consequences across Days: Differences and Similarities between Moderate, Binge, and High-Intensity Drinking. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2021; 45:1078-1090. [PMID: 33797768 PMCID: PMC8131261 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current study examined the extent to which within-person variation in drinking motives differentiates moderate, binge, and high-intensity drinking; and independent associations of motives and drinking intensity with alcohol use consequences in a sample of young adult drinkers from across the United States. METHODS Participants were past 30-day drinkers in the U.S. nationally representative Monitoring the Future 12th grade sample in 2018, who also reported alcohol use during a 14-day data collection burst 1 year later (N = 484 people, mean age 19.3 [SD 0.40], 43% female; N = 1042 drinking days) as part of the Young Adult Daily Life Study in 2019. Weighted multilevel modeling estimated within- and between-person associations of drinking motives, drinking intensity (i.e., moderate [women 1-3, men 1-4 drinks], binge [women 4-7, men 5-9 drinks], and high-intensity drinking [women 8+, men 10+ drinks]), and number of positive and negative alcohol consequences. RESULTS On days participants reported greater enhancement and social motives, they were more likely to engage in high-intensity (vs. binge) drinking and binge (vs. moderate) drinking and experience more positive alcohol consequences. On days participants reported greater enhancement and coping motives, they experienced more negative alcohol consequences. Binge (vs. moderate) drinking on a given day was associated with more positive and negative alcohol consequences; high-intensity (vs. binge) drinking on a given day was associated with more negative alcohol consequences that day. Moderation analyses indicated that social motives were associated with high-intensity (vs. binge) drinking only among college students. CONCLUSIONS Stronger drinking motives on a given day were associated with drinking intensity (enhancement and social motives) and negative consequences (enhancement and coping). High-intensity (vs. binge or moderate) drinking was associated with more negative consequences but not more positive consequences. These results underscore that high-intensity drinking and consequences vary across days and time-varying, occasion-specific risks such as current motivational context are appropriate targets for intervention.
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Zhao Q, Sullivan EV, Műller‐Oehring EM, Honnorat N, Adeli E, Podhajsky S, Baker FC, Colrain IM, Prouty D, Tapert SF, Brown SA, Meloy MJ, Brumback T, Nagel BJ, Morales AM, Clark DB, Luna B, De Bellis MD, Voyvodic JT, Nooner KB, Pfefferbaum A, Pohl KM. Adolescent alcohol use disrupts functional neurodevelopment in sensation seeking girls. Addict Biol 2021; 26:e12914. [PMID: 32428984 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Exogenous causes, such as alcohol use, and endogenous factors, such as temperament and sex, can modulate developmental trajectories of adolescent neurofunctional maturation. We examined how these factors affect sexual dimorphism in brain functional networks in youth drinking below diagnostic threshold for alcohol use disorder (AUD). Based on the 3-year, annually acquired, longitudinal resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data of 526 adolescents (12-21 years at baseline) from the National Consortium on Alcohol and Neurodevelopment in Adolescence (NCANDA) cohort, developmental trajectories of 23 intrinsic functional networks (IFNs) were analyzed for (1) sexual dimorphism in 259 participants who were no-to-low drinkers throughout this period; (2) sex-alcohol interactions in two age- and sex-matched NCANDA subgroups (N = 76 each), half no-to-low, and half moderate-to-heavy drinkers; and (3) moderating effects of gender-specific alcohol dose effects and a multifactorial impulsivity measure on IFN connectivity in all NCANDA participants. Results showed that sex differences in no-to-low drinkers diminished with age in the inferior-occipital network, yet girls had weaker within-network connectivity than boys in six other networks. Effects of adolescent alcohol use were more pronounced in girls than boys in three IFNs. In particular, girls showed greater within-network connectivity in two motor networks with more alcohol consumption, and these effects were mediated by sensation-seeking only in girls. Our results implied that drinking might attenuate the naturally diminishing sexual differences by disrupting the maturation of network efficiency more severely in girls. The sex-alcohol-dose effect might explain why women are at higher risk of alcohol-related health and psychosocial consequences than men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyu Zhao
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA USA
| | - Edith V. Sullivan
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA USA
| | - Eva M. Műller‐Oehring
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA USA
- Center for Health Sciences SRI International Menlo Park CA USA
| | | | - Ehsan Adeli
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA USA
| | - Simon Podhajsky
- Center for Health Sciences SRI International Menlo Park CA USA
| | - Fiona C. Baker
- Center for Health Sciences SRI International Menlo Park CA USA
| | - Ian M. Colrain
- Center for Health Sciences SRI International Menlo Park CA USA
| | - Devin Prouty
- Center for Health Sciences SRI International Menlo Park CA USA
| | - Susan F. Tapert
- Department of Psychiatry University of California San Diego CA USA
| | - Sandra A. Brown
- Department of Psychiatry University of California San Diego CA USA
- Department of Psychology University of California San Diego CA USA
| | - Mary J. Meloy
- Department of Psychiatry University of California San Diego CA USA
| | - Ty Brumback
- Department of Psychological Science Northern Kentucky University Highland Heights KY USA
| | - Bonnie J. Nagel
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience Oregon Health & Sciences University Portland OR USA
| | - Angelica M. Morales
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience Oregon Health & Sciences University Portland OR USA
| | - Duncan B. Clark
- Department of Psychiatry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA
| | - Beatriz Luna
- Department of Psychiatry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA
| | - Michael D. De Bellis
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences Duke University School of Medicine Durham NC USA
| | - James T. Voyvodic
- Department of Radiology Duke University School of Medicine Durham NC USA
| | - Kate B. Nooner
- Department of Psychology University of North Carolina Wilmington Wilmington NC USA
| | - Adolf Pfefferbaum
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA USA
- Center for Health Sciences SRI International Menlo Park CA USA
| | - Kilian M. Pohl
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA USA
- Center for Health Sciences SRI International Menlo Park CA USA
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Watts AD, Doumas DM, Midgett A. Efficacy of a Brief, School‐Based Bystander Bullying Intervention on High School Students' Alcohol Use. JOURNAL OF ADDICTIONS & OFFENDER COUNSELING 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/jaoc.12066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Diana M. Doumas
- Institute for the Study of Behavioral Health and AddictionBoise State University
| | - Aida Midgett
- Department of Counselor EducationBoise State University
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17
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Patrick ME, Veliz P, Linden-Carmichael A, Terry-McElrath YM. Alcohol mixed with energy drink use during young adulthood. Addict Behav 2018; 84:224-230. [PMID: 29734120 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Alcohol mixed with energy drink (AmED) use is associated with negative consequences including hazardous alcohol use and driving under the influence. While many studies have focused on correlates of AmED use among college samples, very few have examined patterns of AmED use during adolescence and young adulthood within the general population. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to assess age differences in AmED use among a national sample of respondents aged 18 to 30. METHODS The data for this study come from the Monitoring the Future panel study from 2012 to 2015. The sample consists of 2222 respondents between the ages of 18 and 30. Multiple logistic regression using generalized estimating equations (GEE) was used to model past-year AmED prevalence across age and other covariates. RESULTS Nearly half (45.0%) of respondents indicated past-year AmED use at some point during the study period. The lowest prevalence rates were found at age 18 (25.9%) and the highest prevalence rates at age 21/22 (43.5%). GEE analyses indicated a statistically significant positive linear and negative quadratic trend with respect to the association between age of respondent and past-year AmED use. Namely, peak use occurred in early young adulthood (age 21/22 and 23/24) and then declined, reaching 32.0% by age 29/30. College attendance and several substance use behaviors at age 18 moderated these linear and quadratic age trends. CONCLUSIONS AmED use peaked rapidly in early young adulthood and declined into later young adulthood. Substance use during adolescence was associated with a higher incidence of AmED use across all young adult ages and a slower decline of AmED use after age 21/22. Several sociodemographic factors were associated with AmED use, particularly college attendance at the age of 21/22.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E Patrick
- Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, 426 Thompson St., Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1248, USA.
| | - Phil Veliz
- School of Nursing, University of Michigan, 400 North Ingalls Building, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5482, USA
| | - Ashley Linden-Carmichael
- The Department of Biobehavioral Health, Edna Bennett Pierce Prevention Research Center, The Pennsylvania State University, 303 Biobehavioral Health Building, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Yvonne M Terry-McElrath
- Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, 426 Thompson St., Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1248, USA
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Lucabeche VX, Haney JL. The effect of alcohol severity on outpatient treatment completion: The differential outcome by gender and race/ethnicity. J Subst Abuse Treat 2018; 90:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsat.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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