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Greenfield TK, Lui CK, Cook WK, Karriker-Jaffe KJ, Li L, Wilsnack SC, Bloomfield K, Room R, Laslett AM, Bond J, Korcha R. High Intensity Drinking (HID) Assessed by Maximum Quantity Consumed Is an Important Pattern Measure Adding Predictive Value in Higher and Lower Income Societies for Modeling Alcohol-Related Problems. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:3748. [PMID: 36834453 PMCID: PMC9958696 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Adjusting for demographics and standard drinking measures, High Intensity Drinking (HID), indexed by the maximum quantity consumed in a single day in the past 12 months, may be valuable in predicting alcohol dependence other harms across high and low income societies. The data consisted of 17 surveys of adult (15,460 current drinkers; 71% of total surveyed) in Europe (3), the Americas (8), Africa (2), and Asia/Australia (4). Gender-disaggregated country analyses used Poison regression to investigate whether HID (8-11, 12-23, 24+ drinks) was incrementally influential, beyond log drinking volume and HED (Heavy Episodic Drinking, or 5+ days), in predicting drinking problems, adjusting for age and marital status. In adjusted models predicting AUDIT-5 for men, adding HID improved the overall model fit for 11 of 15 countries. For women, 12 of 14 countries with available data showed an improved fit with HID included. The results for the five Life-Area Harms were similar for men. Considering the results by gender, each country showing improvements in model fit by adding HID had larger values of the average difference between high intensity and usual consumption, implying variations in amounts consumed on any given day. The amount consumed/day often greatly exceeded HED levels. In many societies of varying income levels, as hypothesized, HID provided important added information on drinking patterns for predicting harms, beyond the standard volume and binging indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas K. Greenfield
- Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute (PHI), 6001 Shellmound St., Suite 450, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
| | - Camillia K. Lui
- Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute (PHI), 6001 Shellmound St., Suite 450, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
| | - Won K. Cook
- Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute (PHI), 6001 Shellmound St., Suite 450, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
| | - Katherine J. Karriker-Jaffe
- Community Health & Implementation Research Program, Research Triangle Institute, Berkeley Office, CA 94704, USA
| | - Libo Li
- Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute (PHI), 6001 Shellmound St., Suite 450, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
| | - Sharon C. Wilsnack
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 94704, USA
| | - Kim Bloomfield
- Centre for Alcohol and Drug Research, School of Business and Social Sciences, Aarhus University, 2400 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Robin Room
- Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University (Melbourne Campus), Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
- Centre for Social Research on Alcohol and Drugs, Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anne-Marie Laslett
- Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University (Melbourne Campus), Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Jason Bond
- Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute (PHI), 6001 Shellmound St., Suite 450, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
| | - Rachael Korcha
- Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute (PHI), 6001 Shellmound St., Suite 450, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
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Talley AE, Veldhuis C, Wall MM, Wilsnack SC, Everett BG, Hughes TL. Associations of adult roles and minority stressors with trajectories of alcohol dependence symptoms throughout adulthood among sexual minority women. Psychol Addict Behav 2022:2022-81581-001. [PMID: 35849352 PMCID: PMC9845428 DOI: 10.1037/adb0000869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In the present study, we sought to identify trajectories of symptoms of potential alcohol dependence (AD) among adult sexual minority women (SMW). Theoretical correlates were examined in relation to the empirically identified trajectories. METHOD Data were collected at three time points between 2000 and 2012 from SMW drinkers (n = 434) enrolled in a longitudinal study (M Age = 37.49 at baseline, SD = 11.55). Using an accelerated-cohort longitudinal design, latent growth curve mixture models identified homogeneous patterns of any past-year symptoms of potential AD. Correlates of trajectories included alcohol-related developmental risk factors, adult roles, and exposure to minority stressors. RESULTS Three trajectories were identified that captured risk of symptoms of potential AD over time, reflecting: (a) relatively consistent, low risk over time; (b) deceleration in risk throughout adulthood; (c) relatively persistent, high risk over time. Consistent with prior work, SMW drinkers who reported higher levels of perceived stigma or masculinity showed persistently high risk of reporting at least one past-year symptom of potential AD. CONCLUSIONS Most SMW drinkers report deceleration in risk of AD symptoms over time. Findings have implications for prevention and intervention efforts tailored to SMW drinkers. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Melanie M. Wall
- Research Foundation for Mental Hygiene,Columbia University Department of Psychiatry,New York State Psychiatric Institute
| | | | | | - Tonda L. Hughes
- Columbia University School of Nursing,Columbia University Department of Psychiatry
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Veldhuis CB, Porsch LM, Bochicchio LA, Campbell J, Johnson TP, LeBlanc AJ, Leonard KE, Wall M, Wilsnack SC, Xu M, Hughes TL. The Chicago Health and Life Experiences of Women Couples Study: Protocol for a Study of Stress, Hazardous Drinking, and Intimate Partner Aggression Among Sexual Minority Women and Their Partners. JMIR Res Protoc 2021; 10:e28080. [PMID: 34665154 PMCID: PMC8564669 DOI: 10.2196/28080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Large gaps exist in research on alcohol use and intimate partner aggression (IPA) among sexual minority women (SMW; eg, lesbian, bisexual). Dyadic research with SMW and their partners can illuminate how couple-level factors operate in conjunction with individual-level factors to shape well-being in this understudied and vulnerable population. Given the traditionally gendered lens with which women are primarily viewed as victims and men as perpetrators, understanding the dynamics of IPA in same-sex female couples can also advance research and practice related to IPA more generally. OBJECTIVE Guided by a recent extension of the minority stress model that includes relational (couple-level) sexual minority stress and the I-cubed theoretical perspective on IPA, we will collect individual and dyadic data to better characterize the links between hazardous drinking and IPA among SMW and their partners. First, this study aims to examine the associations among minority stress, hazardous drinking, and IPA in SMW and their partners. Minority stressors will be assessed as both individual and couple-level constructs, thus further extending the minority stress model. Second, we aim to examine potential mediators and moderators of the associations among minority stress, hazardous drinking, and IPA. Finally, we aim to test models guided by the I-cubed theoretical perspective that includes instigating (eg, relationship conflict), impelling (eg, negative affect and trait anger), and inhibiting (eg, relationship commitment and emotion regulation) or disinhibiting (eg, hazardous drinking) influences on IPA perpetration. METHODS This United States National Institutes of Health-funded project will draw from a large and diverse cohort of SMW currently enrolled in the Chicago Health and Life Experiences of Women (CHLEW) study-a 21-year longitudinal study of risk factors and consequences associated with SMW hazardous drinking. SMW currently enrolled in the CHLEW and their partners will be invited to participate in the CHLEW Couples Study. By analyzing dyadic data using actor-partner interdependence models, we will examine how each partner's minority stress, hazardous drinking, and IPA experiences are associated with both her own and her partner's minority stress, hazardous drinking, and IPA perpetration. RESULTS Data collection began in February 2021 and will likely continue through 2023. Initial results should be available by mid-2024. CONCLUSIONS The CHLEW Couples Study will fill important gaps in knowledge and provide the basis for future research aimed at clarifying the causal pathways linking hazardous drinking and IPA among SMW. This will support the development of culturally appropriate targeted individual and dyadic prevention and intervention strategies. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/28080.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy B Veldhuis
- School of Nursing, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Lauren M Porsch
- School of Nursing, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - Jacquelyn Campbell
- School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Timothy P Johnson
- Department of Public Administration, University of Illinois - Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Allen J LeBlanc
- Health Equity Institute, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Kenneth E Leonard
- Clinical and Research Institute on Addictions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Melanie Wall
- Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Sharon C Wilsnack
- School of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, United States
| | - Mariah Xu
- School of Nursing, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Tonda L Hughes
- School of Nursing, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
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Hughes TL, Wilsnack SC, Martin K, Matthews A(P, Johnson TP. Alcohol use among sexual minority women: Methods used and lessons learned in the 20-Year Chicago Health and Life Experiences of Women Study. Int J Alcohol Drug Res 2021; 9:30-42. [PMID: 37946724 PMCID: PMC10634638 DOI: 10.7895/ijadr.289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Background Two decades ago, there was almost no research on alcohol use among sexual minority women (SMW, e.g., lesbian, bisexual). Since then, a growing body of scientific literature documents substantial sexual orientation-related disparities in alcohol use and alcohol-related problems. Research has identified multiple risk factors associated with high-risk/hazardous drinking among SMW. However, this research has almost exclusively used cross-sectional designs, limiting the ability to draw conclusions about processes through which sexual minority status affects alcohol use. Longitudinal designs, although very rare in research on alcohol use among SMW, are important for testing mediational mechanisms and necessary to understanding how changes in social determinants impact alcohol use. Aim To describe the processes and lessons learned in conducting a 20-year longitudinal study focused on alcohol use among SMW. Methods The Chicago Health and Life Experiences of Women (CHLEW) study includes five waves of data collection (2000-present) with an age and racially/ethnically diverse sample of 815 SMW (ages 18-83) originally recruited in the Chicago Metropolitan Area in Illinois, a midwestern state in the United States (U.S.). Measures and focus have evolved over the course of the study. Results The CHLEW study is the longest-running and most comprehensive study of SMW's drinking in the U.S. or elsewhere. Findings reported in more than 50 published manuscripts have contributed to understanding variations in SMW's risk for hazardous/harmful drinking based on sexual identity, age, race/ethnicity, sex/gender of partner, and many other factors. Conclusions By describing the process used in conducting this long-term study, its major findings, and the lessons learned, we hope to encourage and support other researchers in conducting longitudinal research focused on SMW's health. Such research is critically important in understanding and ultimately eliminating sexual orientation-related health disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonda L. Hughes
- School of Nursing and Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University
| | - Sharon C. Wilsnack
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine & Health Sciences
| | - Kelly Martin
- School of Nursing and Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University
| | | | - Timothy P. Johnson
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, University of Illinois at Chicago
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Nayak MB, Patterson D, Wilsnack SC, Karriker-Jaffe KJ, Greenfield TK. Alcohol's Secondhand Harms in the United States: New Data on Prevalence and Risk Factors. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 2020. [PMID: 31250790 DOI: 10.15288/jsad.2019.80.273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined a range of indicators of alcohol's harm to others (AHTO) among U.S. adults and assessed sociodemographic and alcohol-related risk factors for AHTO. METHOD The data came from 8,750 adult men and women in two parallel 2015 U.S. national surveys conducted in English and Spanish. Both surveys used computer-assisted telephone interviews and two-stage, stratified, list-assisted, random samples of adults ages 18 and older. RESULTS One in five adults experienced at least one of ten 12-month harms because of someone else's drinking. The prevalence of specific harm types and characteristics differed by gender. Women were more likely to report harm due to drinking by a spouse/partner or family member, whereas men were more likely to report harm due to a stranger's drinking. Being female also predicted family/financial harms. Younger age increased risk for all AHTO types, except physical aggression. Being of Black/other ethnicity, being separated/widowed/divorced, and having a college education without a degree each predicted physical aggression harm. The harmed individual's own heavy drinking and having a heavy drinker in the household increased risk for all AHTO types. The risk for physical aggression due to someone else's drinking was particularly elevated for heavy drinking women. CONCLUSIONS Secondhand effects of alcohol in the United States are substantial and affected by sociodemographics, the harmed individual's own drinking, and the presence of a heavy drinker in the household. Broad-based and targeted public health measures that consider AHTO risk factors are needed to reduce alcohol's secondhand harms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhabika B Nayak
- Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute, Emeryville, California
| | - Deidre Patterson
- Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute, Emeryville, California
| | - Sharon C Wilsnack
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Grand Forks, North Dakota
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Hughes TL, Veldhuis CB, Drabble LA, Wilsnack SC. Research on alcohol and other drug (AOD) use among sexual minority women: A global scoping review. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229869. [PMID: 32187200 PMCID: PMC7080264 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Until the 1980s, the limited research on alcohol and other drug (AOD) use among sexual minority women (SMW) focused on alcohol and used samples recruited from gay bars, resulting in inflated estimates of hazardous drinking. Over the past several decades the number of AOD studies with SMW has increased dramatically. To characterize this literature, we conducted a scoping review to answer the following questions: What do we know, and what are the gaps in research about AOD use among SMW? We searched multiple electronic databases (Medline [PubMed], CINAHL, PsycInfo, and Web of Science) for peer-reviewed research articles about AOD use among adult SMW published between January 1, 2000 and May 31, 2017. After duplicates were removed the search identified 4,204 articles. We reviewed the titles and abstracts and removed articles that did not meet inclusion criteria. We used full-text review of the remaining 229 articles to make a final determination regarding inclusion and we retained 181 articles for review. Although the quantity of AOD research with SMW has grown substantially, the great majority of studies have been conducted in the United States (US) and most focus on hazardous drinking; relatively little research has focused on other drugs. In addition, although there has been marked improvement in theories and methods used in this research, many gaps and limitations remain. Examples are the lack of longitudinal research; reliance on samples that tend to over-represent white, well-educated, and relatively young women; sparse attention to mechanisms underlying the disproportionately high rates of AOD use among SMW; and the absence of intervention research. In general, more high-quality research on SMW's use of AODs is needed, but gaps and limitations are particularly large in non-western countries. Addressing these research gaps and limitations is essential for providing information that can be used to develop more effective prevention and early intervention strategies, as well as for informing policies that can help to reduce risky drinking and drug misuse among SMW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonda L. Hughes
- School of Nursing, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Cindy B. Veldhuis
- School of Nursing, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Laurie A. Drabble
- San Jose State University, San Jose, California, United States of America
| | - Sharon C. Wilsnack
- University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States of America
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7
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Stanesby O, Gmel G, Graham K, Greenfield TK, Waleewong O, Wilsnack SC. Improving measurement of harms from others' drinking: A key informant study on type and severity of harm. Nordisk Alkohol Nark 2020; 37:122-140. [PMID: 32565718 PMCID: PMC7304554 DOI: 10.1177/1455072520908386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: Survey items for measuring harms experienced from others' drinking (AHTO) have been developed primarily to measure type of harm and not severity. However, some type of harms may produce more negative effects than others. We aimed to compare the perceived severity of a comprehensive list of AHTO items to assess consistency in subjective ratings of severity, facilitate a more nuanced analysis and identify strategies to improve measurement of AHTO in epidemiological surveys. Methods: Thirty-six leaders of national alcohol surveys (conducted between 1997 and 2016) from 23 countries rated the typical severity of negative effects on the victim of each of 48 types of AHTO using a scale from zero (no negative effect) to 10 (very severe negative effect). The survey leaders were also asked to provide open-ended feedback about each harm and the severity-rating task generally. Results: Of 48 harm items, five were classified as extreme severity (mean rating ≥ 8), 17 as high (≥ 6 < 8), 25 as moderate (≥ 4 < 6), and one as low (≤ 4). We used two-way random effects models to estimate absolute agreement intraclass correlation coefficients (AA-ICC) and consistency of agreement intraclass correlation coefficients (CA-ICC). Results showed that there was fair to excellent absolute agreement and consistency of agreement among experts’ ratings of the severity of harms from others’ drinking (single measures CA-ICC = 0.414, single measures AA-ICC = 0.325; average CA-ICC = 0.940, average AA-ICC = 0.914). Harms to children, and harms causing physical, financial, practical, or severe emotional impacts were rated most severe. Conclusions: When designing new AHTO surveys and conducting analyses of existing data, researchers should pay close attention to harms with high perceived severity to identify effective ways to prevent severe AHTO and reduce the negative health and social impacts of AHTO. By inquiring into experts' views on survey items, this analysis involves a first scoping of the sort of questions that should be taken into consideration. In-depth analyses of specific sub-sets of harms and qualitative interviews with victims of severe AHTO are likely to help along this work in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Stanesby
- Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Gerhard Gmel
- Addiction Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Addiction Switzerland, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Health and Applied Science, University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Kathryn Graham
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia.,National Drug Research Institute, Curtin University, Melbourne/Perth, Australia
| | - Thomas K Greenfield
- Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute, Emeryville, California, United States of America
| | - Orratai Waleewong
- School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,International Health Policy Program, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Sharon C Wilsnack
- University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States of America
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Bostwick WB, Hughes TL, Steffen A, Veldhuis CB, Wilsnack SC. Depression and Victimization in a Community Sample of Bisexual and Lesbian Women: An Intersectional Approach. Arch Sex Behav 2019; 48:131-141. [PMID: 29968037 PMCID: PMC6314920 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-018-1247-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Mental health inequities among bisexual and lesbian women are well-documented. Compared to heterosexual women, both bisexual and lesbian women are more likely to report lifetime depressive disorders, with bisexual women often faring the worst on mental health outcomes. Risk factors for depression, such as victimization in childhood and adulthood, are also more prevalent among bisexual women. Less is known about the intersection of racial/ethnic and sexual minority identities, and how depression and victimization may differ across these multiple, co-occurring identities. Data were from Wave 3 of the Chicago Health and Life Experiences of Women study, an 18-year, community-based longitudinal study of sexual minority women's health. We constructed a six-category "intersection" variable based on sexual identity and race/ethnicity to examine group differences in lifetime depression and victimization. We tested childhood and adult victimization as moderators of lifetime depression (n = 600). A majority (58.2%) of the total sample met criteria for lifetime depression. When considering the intersection of race/ethnicity and sexual identity, Black bisexual and Black lesbian women had significantly lower odds of depression than White lesbian women, despite their higher reports of victimization. Latina bisexual and lesbian women did not differ from White lesbians on depression. Victimization did not moderate the association between the intersection variable and depression. More research is needed to better understand risk and protective factors for depression among racially/ethnically diverse sexual minority women (SWM). We highlight the need to deliberately oversample SWM of color to accomplish this goal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy B. Bostwick
- Health Systems Science, College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612;
| | | | - Alana Steffen
- Health Systems Science, College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612;
| | | | - Sharon C. Wilsnack
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND
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Veldhuis CB, Hughes TL, Drabble L, Wilsnack SC, Riggle EDB, Rostosky SS. Relationship Status and Drinking-Related Outcomes in a Community Sample of Lesbian and Bisexual Women. J Soc Pers Relat 2019; 36:244-268. [PMID: 30581248 PMCID: PMC6298438 DOI: 10.1177/0265407517726183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Although marriage tends to be protective against hazardous drinking among women in the general population, few studies have compared drinking rates, levels, or problems based on relationship status among sexual minority women (SMW; lesbian, bisexual). We examined associations between relationship status (committed relationship/cohabiting; committed/not cohabiting; single) and past-year drinking outcomes using data from a diverse sample of 696 SMW interviewed in wave 3 of the 17-year longitudinal Chicago Health and Life Experiences of Women study. The mean age of SMW in the sample was 40.01 (SD = 14.15; range 18-82). A little more than one-third (37%) of the sample was white, 36% was African American, and 23% Latina; 4% reported another or multi- race/ethnicity. Compared to SMW in committed cohabiting relationships, single SMW were significantly more likely to be heavy drinkers. SMW in committed non-cohabiting relationships were more likely to report alcohol-related problem consequences, and both single SMW and those in committed non-cohabiting relationships were more likely to report one or more symptoms of potential alcohol dependence. Findings underscore the importance of exploring relationship factors that may influence drinking and drinking-related problems among SMW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy B Veldhuis
- Center for Research on Women and Gender, University of Illinois at Chicago
- College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago
- School of Nursing, Columbia University
| | - Tonda L Hughes
- Center for Research on Women and Gender, University of Illinois at Chicago
- College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago
- School of Nursing, Columbia University
| | | | - Sharon C Wilsnack
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota
| | - Ellen D B Riggle
- Political Science and Gender and Women's Studies, University of Kentucky
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Talley AE, Hughes ML, Wilsnack SC, Hughes TL. Women's Self-Perceived Similarity to Their Mother and Associations with Patterns of Alcohol Misuse over 20 Years. Alcohol Alcohol 2018; 53:707-715. [PMID: 30137187 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agy059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS This study examined transgenerational transmission of risk for female alcohol misuse. Women's perceived similarity to their mother/father in adulthood was examined in terms of its influence on the expected association between perceived maternal alcohol use and female offsprings' trajectories of alcohol misuse. We hypothesized that a daughter's self-perceived similarity to her mother, in instances where her mother was perceived to be a frequent- or problem-drinker, would be associated with an increase in the daughter's count of negative consequences from alcohol use and potential symptoms of alcohol dependence across adulthood. SHORT SUMMARY Women's perceived similarity to their mother/father was examined as a factor influencing associations between perceived parental alcohol use during childhood and patterns of alcohol misuse in adulthood. Women's self-perceived similarity to their frequent- or problem-drinking mothers increased the risk of negative consequences from drinking over time as well as potential symptoms of alcohol dependence over time. METHODS Analyses utilized data from a survey of women (N = 911) who were followed over a 20-year period, beginning in 1981. Women, ages 21 or older and living in households in the contiguous USA, were eligible, and women who consumed four or more alcoholic drinks per week were oversampled. Model estimates were weighted to adjust for the oversampling of heavier drinking women and to reflect national demographics. Latent growth mixture models estimated regression parameters that captured variation in participants' alcohol misuse over time. RESULTS Women who reported that their mother was a frequent- or problem-drinker and who perceived themselves to be similar to their mother, in general, showed increases in alcohol misuse. The same pattern of results was not shown for fathers. CONCLUSIONS Results support that interventions seeking to reduce female alcohol misuse should address the role of perceived similarity to heavy-drinking female role models or 'female-drinker' prototypes to reduce problem-drinking behavior among female drinkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia E Talley
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Texas Tech University, 2810 18th ST, Room 217, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Mackenzie L Hughes
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Texas Tech University, 2810 18th ST, Room 217, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Sharon C Wilsnack
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Department, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Tonda L Hughes
- School of Nursing and Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York City, New York
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Stanesby O, Callinan S, Graham K, Wilson IM, Greenfield TK, Wilsnack SC, Hettige S, Hanh HTM, Siengsounthone L, Waleewong O, Laslett AM. Harm from Known Others' Drinking by Relationship Proximity to the Harmful Drinker and Gender: A Meta-Analysis Across 10 Countries. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2018; 42:1693-1703. [PMID: 30035808 DOI: 10.1111/acer.13828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drinking is a common activity with friends or at home but is associated with harms within both close and extended relationships. This study investigates associations between having a close proximity relationship with a harmful drinker and likelihood of experiencing harms from known others' drinking for men and women in 10 countries. METHODS Data about alcohol's harms to others from national/regional surveys from 10 countries were used. Gender-stratified random-effects meta-analysis compared the likelihood of experiencing each, and at least 1, of 7 types of alcohol-related harm in the last 12 months, between those who identified someone in close proximity to them (a partner, family member, or household member) and those who identified someone from an extended relationship as the most harmful drinker (MHD) in their life in the last 12 months. RESULTS Women were most likely to report a close male MHD, while men were most likely to report an extended male MHD. Relatedly, women with a close MHD were more likely than women with an extended MHD to report each type of harm, and 1 or more harms, from others' drinking. For men, having a close MHD was associated with increased odds of reporting some but not all types of harm from others' drinking and was not associated with increased odds of experiencing 1 or more harms. CONCLUSIONS The experience of harm attributable to the drinking of others differs by gender. For preventing harm to women, the primary focus should be on heavy or harmful drinkers in close proximity relationships; for preventing harm to men, a broader approach is needed. This and further work investigating the dynamics among gender, victim-perpetrator relationships, alcohol, and harm to others will help to develop interventions to reduce alcohol-related harm to others which are specific to the contexts within which harms occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Stanesby
- Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sarah Callinan
- Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kathryn Graham
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia.,National Drug Research Institute, Curtin University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ingrid M Wilson
- Judith Lumley Centre, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Sharon C Wilsnack
- University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, North Dakota
| | - Siri Hettige
- Department of Sociology, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka.,Globalism Research Centre, School of Social Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Hoang Thi My Hanh
- Health Strategy and Policy Institute, Ministry of Health, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Orratai Waleewong
- School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,International Health Policy Program, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Anne-Marie Laslett
- Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia.,National Drug Research Institute, Curtin University, Melbourne, Australia.,School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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12
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Tedor MF, Quinn LM, Wilsnack SC, Wilsnack RW, Greenfield TK. The Gender Difference in the Association between Early Onset of Drinking and Problem Drinking between the U.S. and Japan. Deviant Behav 2018; 39:1578-1599. [PMID: 30662102 PMCID: PMC6333420 DOI: 10.1080/01639625.2017.1410622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Using comparable survey data from the GENACIS Project, collected from representative samples of people aged 20 to 70 years old in the U.S. (n=2,598) and Japan (n=1,734), this study examined, across these two diverse societies, the gender difference in the association between the early onset of drinking and the development of drinking problems. The results of this study suggest that there does not appear to be a cross-national causal relationship between the early onset of drinking and problem drinking because of significant country and gender variations in this association and because there is no association found among Japanese females. As hypothesized, the early onset of drinking predicted problem drinking among males more strongly than among females in both countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miyuki Fukushima Tedor
- Direct correspondence to Miyuki Fukushima Tedor, Department of Criminology, Anthropology, and Sociology, Cleveland State University, Rhodes Tower 1733, 2121 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, Ohio 44115. Phone: 216-687-4550.
| | | | - Sharon C. Wilsnack
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota
| | - Richard W. Wilsnack
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota
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13
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Matthews AK, Cho YI, Hughes TL, Wilsnack SC, Aranda F, Johnson T. The Effects of Sexual Orientation on the Relationship Between Victimization Experiences and Smoking Status Among US Women. Nicotine Tob Res 2018; 20:332-339. [PMID: 28339840 PMCID: PMC5896486 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntx052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Introduction This study examined the relationships between experiences of childhood and adulthood victimization and current smoking among heterosexual and sexual minority women. The main hypothesis was that victimization experiences would predict current smoking status. Further, we hypothesized that the effect of childhood victimization on self-reported smoker status would be mediated by adult victimization. Methods Data are from two studies conducted in the United States that used similar methods and questionnaires in order to conduct a comparative analysis of women based on sexual orientation. Data from Wave 1 (2000-2001) of the Chicago Health and Life Experiences of Women (CHLEW) study and from Wave 5 (2001) of the National Study of Health and Life Experiences of Women (NSHLEW) study were used in these analyses. Results Twenty-eight percent of the sample reported current smoking. Victimization experiences were common, with 63.4% of participants reporting at least one type of victimization in childhood and 40.2% reporting at least one type in adulthood. Women who identified as heterosexual were less likely to be victimized during childhood than were women who identified as lesbian or bisexual. Adult victimization had a significant effect on current smoker status, and the effect of childhood victimization on smoker status was mediated by adult victimization. When examined by sexual orientation, this indirect relationship remained significant only among bisexual women in the sample. Conclusions Study findings make a valuable contribution to the literature on victimization and health risk behaviors such as smoking. Given the negative and long-term impact of victimization on women, strategies are needed that reduce the likelihood of victimization and subsequent engagement in health risk behaviors such as smoking. Implications The study findings make a valuable contribution to the literature on sexual minority women's health on the influence of victimization on health risk behaviors. With the goal of reducing the likelihood of adult victimization and subsequent engagement in health risk behaviors, programs and policies aimed at preventing victimization of women are warranted. Providers and community health agencies should assess and target physically and sexually abused sexual minority youth for mental health intervention with the goal of interrupting the progression from childhood victimization to adult victimization and subsequent engagement in health risk behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia K Matthews
- Department of Health Systems Sciences, College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Young Ik Cho
- Department of community and behavioral health promotion, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, Zilber School of Public Health, Community and Behavioral Health Promotion, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Tonda L Hughes
- Department of Health Systems Sciences, College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Sharon C Wilsnack
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND
| | - Frances Aranda
- Rush University Medical Center, Department of Behavioral Studies, Chicago, IL
| | - Timothy Johnson
- Department of Behavioral Studies, Survey Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
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14
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Wilsnack SC, Greenfield TK, Bloomfield K. The GENAHTO Project (Gender and Alcohol's Harm to Others): Design and methods for a multinational study of alcohol's harm to persons other than the drinker. Int J Alcohol Drug Res 2018; 7:37-47. [PMID: 30740190 PMCID: PMC6366670 DOI: 10.7895/ijadr.253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Most alcohol research has focused on how drinking harms the drinker. Research on alcohol's harms to others (AHTO) has studied primarily single or small groups of countries. This article describes the methodology of a new multinational study - GENAHTO - of how social and cultural contexts are related to AHTO, from the perspectives of both perpetrators and victims. DESIGN The GENAHTO Project uses surveys in 21 countries that provide data from drinkers who report causing harms to others, and surveys in 16 countries that provide data from victims of AHTO. The countries surveyed vary widely in alcohol policies, drinking cultures, gender-role definitions, and socioeconomic conditions. PARTICIPANTS More than 140,000 men and women, aged 15-84, participated in the surveys. MEASURES Individual-level measures include demographics, alcohol use patterns, and alcohol-related harms. Regional- and societal-level measures include socioeconomic conditions, drinking patterns, alcohol policies, gender inequality, and income inequality. FINDINGS The project seeks to identify characteristics of AHTO victims and perpetrators; within-country regional differences in AHTO; and associations between national alcohol polices and individual and regional levels of AHTO. CONCLUSIONS GENAHTO is the first project to assess AHTO in diverse societies. Its findings can inform policies to abate AHTO in varying cultural contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon C Wilsnack
- University of North Dakota School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | | | - Kim Bloomfield
- Centre for Alcohol and Drug Research, Aarhus University, Copenhagen, Denmark
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15
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Wilsnack RW, Kristjanson AF, Wilsnack SC, Bloomfield K, Grittner U, Crosby RD. The Harms That Drinkers Cause: Regional Variations Within Countries. Int J Alcohol Drug Res 2018; 7:30-36. [PMID: 30740189 PMCID: PMC6366667 DOI: 10.7895/ijadr.254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Multinational studies of drinking and the harms it may cause typically treat countries as homogeneous. Neglecting variation within countries may lead to inaccurate conclusions about drinking behavior, and particularly about harms drinking causes for people other than the drinkers. This study is the first to examine whether drinkers' self-reported harms to others from drinking vary regionally within multiple countries. DESIGN SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Analyses draw on survey data from 12,356 drinkers in 46 regions (governmental subunits) within 10 countries, collected as part of the GENACIS project (Wilsnack et al., 2009). MEASURES Drinkers reported on eight harms they may have caused others in the past 12 months because of their drinking. The likelihood of reporting one or more of these eight harms was evaluated by multilevel modeling (respondents nested within regions nested within countries), estimating random effects of country and region and fixed effects of gender, age, and regional prevalence of drinking. FINDINGS Reports of causing one or more drinking-related harms to others differed significantly by gender and age (but not by regional prevalence of drinking), but also differed significantly by regions within countries. CONCLUSIONS National and multinational evaluations of adverse effects of drinking on persons other than the drinkers should give more attention to how those effects may vary regionally within countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard W Wilsnack
- University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA
| | - Arlinda F Kristjanson
- University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA
| | - Sharon C Wilsnack
- University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA
| | - Kim Bloomfield
- Centre for Alcohol and Drug Research, Aarhus University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ulrike Grittner
- Institute of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ross D Crosby
- The Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, Fargo, North Dakota, USA
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16
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Wilsnack RW, Wilsnack SC, Gmel G, Kantor LW. Gender Differences in Binge Drinking. Alcohol Res 2018; 39:57-76. [PMID: 30557149 PMCID: PMC6104960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Just as binge drinking rates differ for men and women, the predictors and consequences of binge drinking vary by gender as well. This article examines these differences and how binge drinking definitions and research samples and methods may influence findings. It also describes the relationship between age and binge drinking among men and women, and how drinking culture and environment affect this relationship. It examines gender-specific trends in binge drinking, predictors of binge drinking for men and women, and binge drinking in the context of smoking. The article reviews current findings on gender differences in the health consequences of binge drinking, including morbidity and mortality, suicidality, cancer, cardiovascular disorders, liver disorders, and brain and neurocognitive implications. It also discusses gender differences in the behavioral and social consequences of binge drinking, including alcohol-impaired driving, sexual assault, and intimate partner violence, and includes implications for treatment and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard W Wilsnack
- Richard W. Wilsnack, Ph.D., is a professor emeritus in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, North Dakota. Sharon C. Wilsnack, Ph.D., is the Chester Fritz Distinguished Professor in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, North Dakota. Gerhard Gmel, Ph.D., is a professor, University of Lausanne, and is affiliated with the Alcohol Treatment Center, University of Lausanne Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland. He is also an invited professor, University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom. Lori Wolfgang Kantor, M.A., is a science writer at CSR, Incorporated
| | - Sharon C Wilsnack
- Richard W. Wilsnack, Ph.D., is a professor emeritus in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, North Dakota. Sharon C. Wilsnack, Ph.D., is the Chester Fritz Distinguished Professor in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, North Dakota. Gerhard Gmel, Ph.D., is a professor, University of Lausanne, and is affiliated with the Alcohol Treatment Center, University of Lausanne Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland. He is also an invited professor, University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom. Lori Wolfgang Kantor, M.A., is a science writer at CSR, Incorporated
| | - Gerhard Gmel
- Richard W. Wilsnack, Ph.D., is a professor emeritus in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, North Dakota. Sharon C. Wilsnack, Ph.D., is the Chester Fritz Distinguished Professor in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, North Dakota. Gerhard Gmel, Ph.D., is a professor, University of Lausanne, and is affiliated with the Alcohol Treatment Center, University of Lausanne Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland. He is also an invited professor, University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom. Lori Wolfgang Kantor, M.A., is a science writer at CSR, Incorporated
| | - Lori Wolfgang Kantor
- Richard W. Wilsnack, Ph.D., is a professor emeritus in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, North Dakota. Sharon C. Wilsnack, Ph.D., is the Chester Fritz Distinguished Professor in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, North Dakota. Gerhard Gmel, Ph.D., is a professor, University of Lausanne, and is affiliated with the Alcohol Treatment Center, University of Lausanne Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland. He is also an invited professor, University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom. Lori Wolfgang Kantor, M.A., is a science writer at CSR, Incorporated
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17
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Veldhuis CB, Talley AE, Hancock DW, Wilsnack SC, Hughes TL. Alcohol Use, Age, and Self-Rated Mental and Physical Health in a Community Sample of Lesbian and Bisexual Women. LGBT Health 2017; 4:419-426. [PMID: 29099308 DOI: 10.1089/lgbt.2017.0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Given that self-perceptions of mental and physical health are important predictors of health outcomes and well-being, particularly among older adults, this study focuses on associations among age, alcohol consumption, and indicators of both self-rated mental health and self-rated physical health in a sample of sexual minority women (SMW). METHODS This study uses a community sample of SMW to examine the associations among age, drinking, and self-rated mental and physical health. RESULTS Heavy drinking among older adult SMW (55+) was less prevalent than among young SMW, ages 18-25 and ages 26-39, but similar to rates reported among SMW ages 40-54. In addition, older SMW reported significantly higher levels of self-rated mental health, compared with SMW in the other age groups, but we found no significant associations between age and self-rated physical health. Across all age groups, moderate drinkers reported better self-rated physical health than alcohol abstainers. CONCLUSIONS Overall, these results suggest that, among SMW, drinking does not decline as sharply with age as it does for heterosexual women in the general population. Given the current and projected increases in the aging population and the risks that heavy drinking presents for morbidity and mortality, interventions aimed at older SMW are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy B Veldhuis
- 1 Center for Research on Women and Gender, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois.,2 Department of Health Systems Science, College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois.,3 School of Nursing, Columbia University , New York, New York
| | - Amelia E Talley
- 4 Department of Psychological Sciences, Texas Tech University , Lubbock, Texas
| | - David W Hancock
- 4 Department of Psychological Sciences, Texas Tech University , Lubbock, Texas
| | - Sharon C Wilsnack
- 5 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota , Grand Forks, North Dakota
| | - Tonda L Hughes
- 2 Department of Health Systems Science, College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois.,3 School of Nursing, Columbia University , New York, New York
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18
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Tedor MF, Quinn LM, Wilsnack SC, Wilsnack RW, Greenfield TK. Gender and Country Differences in Alcohol-Aggression Expectancy and Alcohol-Related Intimate Partner Violence. Deviant Behav 2017; 39:554-575. [PMID: 29805188 PMCID: PMC5966292 DOI: 10.1080/01639625.2016.1269559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol use is associated with a higher rate of violent offending among males and a higher rate of violent victimization among females, especially for Intimate Partner Violence (IPV). Using comparable self-reported data from the GENACIS Project, the present study examines between the United States (n=2,363) and Japan (n=1,660) whether the expected gender difference in alcohol-related IPV is explained by alcohol-aggression expectancy. The results indicate that though males are more likely than females to expect that alcohol would make them more aggressive, alcohol-aggression expectancy has a very little to do with the gender difference in alcohol-related IPV. In both countries, overall, alcohol use of males, irrespective of their alcohol-aggression expectancy, most strongly and directly accounted for the gender difference in alcohol-related IPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miyuki Fukushima Tedor
- Direct correspondence to Miyuki Fukushima
Tedor, Department of Criminology, Anthropology, and Sociology, Cleveland State
University, Rhodes Tower 1733, 2121 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, Ohio 44115. Phone:
216-687-4550.
| | | | - Sharon C. Wilsnack
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, School of Medicine
and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota
| | - Richard W. Wilsnack
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, School of Medicine
and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota
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19
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Riley BB, Hughes TL, Wilsnack SC, Johnson TP, Benson P, Aranda F. Validating a Hazardous Drinking Index in a Sample of Sexual Minority Women: Reliability, Validity, and Predictive Accuracy. Subst Use Misuse 2017; 52:43-51. [PMID: 27661289 PMCID: PMC5304983 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2016.1214150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although sexual minority women (SMW) are at increased risk of hazardous drinking (HD), efforts to validate HD measures have yet to focus on this population. OBJECTIVES Validation of a 13-item Hazardous Drinking Index (HDI) in a large sample of SMW. METHODS Data were from 700 adult SMW (age 18-82) enrolled in the Chicago Health and Life Experiences of Women study. Criterion measures included counts of depressive symptoms and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, average daily and 30-day ethanol consumption, risky sexual behavior, and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-IV) measures of alcohol abuse/dependence. Analyses included assessment of internal consistency, construction of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves to predict alcohol abuse/dependence, and correlations between HDI and criterion measures. We compared the psychometric properties (diagnostic accuracy and correlates of hazardous drinking) of the HDI to the commonly used CAGE instrument. RESULTS KR-20 reliability for the HDI was 0.80, compared to 0.74 for the CAGE. Predictive accuracy, as measured by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for alcohol abuse/dependence, was HDI: 0.89; CAGE: 0.84. The HDI evidenced the best predictive efficacy and tradeoff between sensitivity and specificity. Results supported the concurrent validity of the HDI measure. CONCLUSIONS The Hazardous Drinking Index is a reliable and valid measure of hazardous drinking for sexual minority women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barth B Riley
- a Department of Health Systems Science , University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago , Illinois , USA
| | - Tonda L Hughes
- a Department of Health Systems Science , University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago , Illinois , USA
| | - Sharon C Wilsnack
- b University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences , Grand Forks , North Dakota , USA
| | - Timothy P Johnson
- a Department of Health Systems Science , University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago , Illinois , USA
| | - Perry Benson
- b University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences , Grand Forks , North Dakota , USA
| | - Frances Aranda
- c Rush University Medical Center , Chicago , Illinois , USA
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20
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Everett BG, Talley AE, Hughes TL, Wilsnack SC, Johnson TP. Sexual Identity Mobility and Depressive Symptoms: A Longitudinal Analysis of Moderating Factors Among Sexual Minority Women. Arch Sex Behav 2016; 45:1731-44. [PMID: 27255306 PMCID: PMC5500256 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-016-0755-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Revised: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Sexual minority identity (bisexual, lesbian) is a known risk factor for depression in women. This study examined a facet of minority stress prevalent among women-sexual identity mobility-as an identity-related contributor to higher levels of depressive symptoms. We used three waves of data from the Chicago Health and Life Experiences of Women study, a longitudinal study of sexual minority women (N = 306). Random effects OLS regression models were constructed to examine the effect of sexual identity changes on depressive symptoms. We found that 25.6 % of the sample reported a sexual identity change between Wave I and Wave II, and 24.9 % reported a sexual identity change between Waves II and III. Women who reported a change in sexual identity also reported more depressive symptoms subsequent to identity change. This effect was moderated by the number of years participants had reported their baseline identity and by whether the participant had initiated a romantic relationship with a male partner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethany G Everett
- Department of Sociology, University of Utah, 380 S 1530 E Rm 301, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.
| | - Amelia E Talley
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Tonda L Hughes
- Department of Health Systems Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sharon C Wilsnack
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Timothy P Johnson
- Survey Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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21
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Wilsnack SC, Sher KJ, Fromme K, Leonard KE, Nagy LE, White HR. Not All Industry-Affiliated Groups Are Created Equal: Some Conditions Under Which Science and Industry May Coexist Ethically and for the Public Good. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 2016; 77:541-4. [PMID: 27340953 PMCID: PMC9798467 DOI: 10.15288/jsad.2016.77.541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sharon C. Wilsnack
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Grand Forks, North Dakota
| | - Kenneth J Sher
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, and the Midwest Alcoholism Research Center
| | - Kim Fromme
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| | - Kenneth E Leonard
- Research Institute on Addictions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Laura E Nagy
- Departments of Pathobiology and Gastroenterology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Helene R White
- Center of Alcohol Studies, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
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22
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Talley AE, Grimaldo G, Wilsnack SC, Hughes TL, Kristjanson AF. Childhood Victimization, Internalizing Symptoms, and Substance Use Among Women Who Identify as Mostly Heterosexual. LGBT Health 2016; 3:266-74. [PMID: 27269733 DOI: 10.1089/lgbt.2015.0073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The current article examines substance use behavior and associated factors that contribute to risk of substance misuse, such as history of childhood victimization and reports of internalizing symptoms among women from various sexual identity subgroups. METHODS We recruited a convenience sample of 332 community and university student women (M age = 20.88). Approximately 61.1% of the sample (n = 203) identified as exclusively heterosexual (or "straight"; EH) at the time of the survey, whereas 21.4% (n = 71) identified as primarily heterosexual (or "mostly heterosexual"), 6.6% (n = 22) as bisexual (or "equally gay/lesbian and heterosexual"), 3.0% (n = 10) as primarily gay/lesbian (or "mostly gay/lesbian") and 7.8% (n = 26) as exclusively gay/lesbian. RESULTS Mostly heterosexual women were more likely than EH women to report childhood physical abuse and lifetime tobacco and marijuana use. Mostly heterosexual women also had higher levels of past-year alcohol use disorder symptomology, recent tobacco and marijuana use, and depressive symptoms. Mostly heterosexual women were more likely than bisexual women to have ever tried marijuana, although, among lifetime users, bisexual women reported more frequent recent use. CONCLUSION Mostly heterosexual women reported levels of pathological alcohol use, lifetime rates of tobacco and marijuana use, and recent depressive symptoms that were higher than EH women and relatively similar to lesbian and mostly lesbian women. Bisexual women reported heavier current use of marijuana and were more likely than mostly heterosexual women to report childhood sexual abuse. Implications for mental health services for clients who identify as non-EH are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia E Talley
- 1 Department of Psychological Sciences, Texas Tech University , Lubbock, Texas
| | - Gabriella Grimaldo
- 1 Department of Psychological Sciences, Texas Tech University , Lubbock, Texas
| | - Sharon C Wilsnack
- 2 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota , Grand Forks, North Dakota
| | - Tonda L Hughes
- 3 Department of Health Systems Science, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Arlinda F Kristjanson
- 2 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota , Grand Forks, North Dakota
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Roberts SCM, Ralph LJ, Wilsnack SC, Foster DG. Which women are missed by primary health-care based interventions for alcohol and drug use? Addict Behav 2016; 55:32-7. [PMID: 26774493 PMCID: PMC4721246 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2015.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Revised: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women of reproductive age who binge drink or have alcohol-related problem symptoms (APS) and who do not use contraception are considered at risk of an alcohol-exposed pregnancy (AEP). In the U.S., efforts to prevent AEPs focus largely on delivering interventions in primary health care settings. While research suggests that these interventions are efficacious for women reached, it is unclear to what extent these interventions are likely to reach women at risk of AEPs. METHODS Data are from the Turnaway Study, a study of 956 women seeking pregnancy termination at 30 U.S. facilities between 2008 and 2010, some of whom received and some of whom were denied terminations because they were past the gestational limit. We examined associations between binge drinking, APS, and drug use prior to pregnancy recognition and having a usual source of health care (USOC). RESULTS Overall, 59% reported having a USOC. A smaller proportion with than without an APS reported a USOC (44 vs. 60%, p<.05) and a smaller proportion using than not using drugs reported a USOC (51 vs. 61%, p<.05). This pattern was not observed for binge drinking. In multivariate analyses, an APS continued to be associated with lack of a USOC, while drug use was no longer associated with lack of a USOC. CONCLUSIONS As more than 40% did not have a USOC, with higher proportions among women with an APS, primary health-care based approaches to AEP prevention seem unlikely to reach the majority of women who have an APS and are at risk of an unintended pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C M Roberts
- Advancing New Standards in Reproductive Health (ANSIRH), University of California, San Francisco, 1330 Broadway, Suite 1100, Oakland, CA 94706, USA.
| | - L J Ralph
- Advancing New Standards in Reproductive Health (ANSIRH), University of California, San Francisco, 1330 Broadway, Suite 1100, Oakland, CA 94706, USA
| | - S C Wilsnack
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of North Dakota School of Medicine & Health Sciences, 501 North Columbia Road Stop 9037, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037, USA
| | - D G Foster
- Advancing New Standards in Reproductive Health (ANSIRH), University of California, San Francisco, 1330 Broadway, Suite 1100, Oakland, CA 94706, USA
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24
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Roberts SCM, Subbaraman MS, Delucchi KL, Wilsnack SC, Foster DG. Moderators and mediators of the relationship between receiving versus being denied a pregnancy termination and subsequent binge drinking. Drug Alcohol Depend 2016; 159:117-24. [PMID: 26747416 PMCID: PMC4724544 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Revised: 11/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women who terminate pregnancies drink more subsequent to the pregnancy than women who give birth, including women who give birth after seeking to terminate a pregnancy. METHODS Data are from the Turnaway Study, a prospective, longitudinal study of 956 women who sought to terminate pregnancies at 30 U.S. facilities. This paper focuses on the 452 women who received terminations just below facility gestational limits and 231 who were denied terminations because they presented just beyond facility gestational limits. This study examined whether baseline characteristics moderate the relationship between termination and subsequent binge drinking and whether stress, feelings about the pregnancy, and number of social roles mediate the relationship. RESULTS Only having had a previous live birth modified the termination-binge drinking relationship. Among women with previous live births, binge drinking was reduced among women carrying to term compared to terminating the pregnancy. Among women who had not had a previous live birth, however, the reduction in binge drinking among those denied termination was not sustained over time, and binge drinking of those who had and had not had terminations converged by 2.5 years. Neither stress, negative emotions, nor social roles mediated effects on binge drinking. Positive emotions at one week mediated effects on binge drinking at six months, although positive emotions at two years did not mediate effects on binge drinking at 2.5 years. CONCLUSIONS Higher levels of binge drinking among those who terminate pregnancies do not appear due to stress or to negative emotions. Only parous women - and not nulliparous women - denied terminations experienced sustained reductions in binge drinking over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C M Roberts
- Advancing New Standards in Reproductive Health (ANSIRH), University of California, San Francisco, 1330 Broadway, Suite 1100, Oakland, CA 94706, USA.
| | - M S Subbaraman
- Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute, 6475 Christie Avenue, Suite 400, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA.
| | - K L Delucchi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, Box 0984 TRC, 401 Parnassus Avenue, Langley Porter Room 379, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
| | - S C Wilsnack
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine & Health Sciences, 501 North Columbia Road Stop 9037, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037, USA.
| | - D G Foster
- Advancing New Standards in Reproductive Health (ANSIRH), University of California, San Francisco, 1330 Broadway, Suite 1100, Oakland, CA 94706, USA.
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25
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Greenfield TK, Karriker-Jaffe KJ, Kaplan LM, Kerr WC, Wilsnack SC. Trends in Alcohol's Harms to Others (AHTO) and Co-occurrence of Family-Related AHTO: The Four US National Alcohol Surveys, 2000-2015. Subst Abuse 2015; 9:23-31. [PMID: 26549971 PMCID: PMC4624092 DOI: 10.4137/sart.s23505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 09/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Various harms from others' drinking have been studied individually and at single points in time. We conducted a US population 15-year trend analysis and extend prior research by studying associations of depression with combinations of four harms - family/marriage difficulties, financial troubles, assault, and vandalism - attributed to partners or family members. Data come from four National Alcohol Surveys conducted by telephone in 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2015 (analytic sample = 21,184). Weighted logistic regression models estimated time trends adjusting for victim characteristics (gender, age, race/ethnicity, marital status, poverty, employment, family history of alcohol problems, and drinking maximum). The 2015 survey asked the source of the harm; we used similar models to examine characteristics, including anxiety and depression, associated with various combinations of family/marriage, financial, and assault harms due to partner's/spouse's/family members' drinking. A significant upward trend (P <0.001) from 2000 to 2015 was seen for financial troubles but not for other harms due to someone else's drinking. In 2015, depression and/or anxiety were strongly associated with exposures to harms and combinations of harms identified as stemming from drinking spouse/partner and/or family members. The results shed new light on 15-year trends and associations of harms with personal characteristics. A replicated finding is how the victim's own heavy drinking pattern is implicated in risks for exposures to harms from someone else's drinking. Documenting risk factors for and mental health impacts is important for interventions to reduce alcohol's harm to others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas K Greenfield
- Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute, Emeryville, CA, USA. ; Clifford Attkisson Clinical Services Research Training Program Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Lauren M Kaplan
- Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute, Emeryville, CA, USA. ; School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - William C Kerr
- Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute, Emeryville, CA, USA
| | - Sharon C Wilsnack
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, School of Medicine and Health Science, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA
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26
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Hughes TL, Wilsnack SC, Kristjanson AF. Substance use and related problems among U.S. women who identify as mostly heterosexual. BMC Public Health 2015; 15:803. [PMID: 26289792 PMCID: PMC4546044 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-015-2143-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We used data from a nationally representative sample to compare substance use outcomes among adult women who identified as mostly heterosexual with those who identified as exclusively (only) heterosexual. Method We analyzed data from mostly heterosexual women and only heterosexual women in Wave 5 (2001) of the National Study of Health and Life Experiences of Women (weighted n = 1085). Results Mostly heterosexual women were significantly more likely than only heterosexual women to report every alcohol-related outcome included in our analyses except lifetime treatment. Odds of lifetime and past-year marijuana and cocaine use showed larger differences, with mostly heterosexual women nearly four times as likely as only heterosexual women to report lifetime cocaine use and five times as likely to report past-year use. Conclusions We recommend that researchers use measures of sexual identity that include more nuanced response options, and that health care providers learn about the existence, large numbers, and risk/protective factors associated with substance use patterns of mostly heterosexual women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonda L Hughes
- Building Interdisciplinary Research Careers in Women's Health (BIRCWH), University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Nursing (M/C 802), 845 S. Damen Ave Room 1160, IL 60612-7350, Chicago, U.S.
| | - Sharon C Wilsnack
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, 501 North Columbia Road Stop 9037, 58202-9037, Grand Forks, ND, U.S.
| | - Arlinda F Kristjanson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, 501 North Columbia Road Stop 9037, 58202-9037, Grand Forks, ND, U.S.
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27
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Wilsnack SC, Csémy L. Ludĕk Kubička, 1924-2014. Addiction 2015; 110:1045-6. [PMID: 25963877 DOI: 10.1111/add.12888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sharon C Wilsnack
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, 58202-9037, USA.
| | - Ladislav Csémy
- National Institute of Mental Health, Centre for Epidemiological and Clinical Research in Addictions, Prague, Czech Republic
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28
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Aranda F, Matthews AK, Hughes TL, Muramatsu N, Wilsnack SC, Johnson TP, Riley BB. Coming out in color: racial/ethnic differences in the relationship between level of sexual identity disclosure and depression among lesbians. Cultur Divers Ethnic Minor Psychol 2015; 21:247-57. [PMID: 25181323 PMCID: PMC4345130 DOI: 10.1037/a0037644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Disclosing one's sexual minority identity, or "coming out," has varying effects on the mental health of lesbians. Previous research indicates a negative association between disclosure and depression. However, these findings are based on research with White lesbians. To date, there is a paucity of studies that examined how the relationship between disclosure and depression may differ by race/ethnicity among lesbians. To address this gap, we examined the relationship between disclosure and depression among African American (26.5%), Latina (19.7%), and White (53.8%) self-identified lesbians (N = 351) in 2 survey-interviews (∼ 3-years apart). Over 50% of the participants reported a history of lifetime depression at baseline and 35.9% reported depression at Time 2 (T2). Disclosure levels varied: 78.9% had disclosed to their mother, 58.4% to their father, and 83.3% to a sibling. The mean level for disclosure to nonfamily individuals was 6.29 (SD 2.64; range 0-9). Disclosure results varied by race/ethnicity showing African American lesbians (vs. White lesbians) were less likely to disclose to nonfamily individuals when controlling for covariates. Results for the relationship between disclosure and depression showed disclosure to either parent or sibling was not associated with depression for the total sample. Among Latinas only, disclosure to nonfamily individuals was associated with less depression. Additional research is needed to explore racial/ethnic differences in disclosure with certain individuals and to better understand the relation between disclosure and depression. Findings have implications for reducing overall rates of depression among lesbians living with multiple-minority identities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances Aranda
- College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | | | - Tonda L. Hughes
- College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Naoko Muramatsu
- School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Sharon C. Wilsnack
- School of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND
| | - Timothy P. Johnson
- Survey Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Barth B. Riley
- College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
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29
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Roberts SCM, Delucchi K, Wilsnack SC, Foster DG. Receiving Versus Being Denied a Pregnancy Termination and Subsequent Alcohol Use: A Longitudinal Study. Alcohol Alcohol 2015; 50:477-84. [PMID: 25787011 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agv021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Research finds women who terminate pregnancies are at risk of subsequent problematic alcohol use, but methodological and conceptual problems are common. This study examines the relationship between receiving versus being denied termination and subsequent alcohol use. METHODS Data are from a prospective, longitudinal study of US women seeking pregnancy terminations. Participants presented just before a facility's gestational limit and received terminations (Near Limits, n = 452) or just beyond the limit and were denied terminations (Turnaways, n = 231). RESULTS Groups did not differ in alcohol use before pregnancy recognition. One week after termination-seeking (Turnaways still pregnant, Near Limits not), Turnaways had lower odds of any and binge alcohol use, but did not differ on 1+ problem symptoms. Over 2.5 years, both Near Limits and Turnaways increased any and binge alcohol use, with Turnaways increasing more rapidly. The groups did not converge again on any or binge use. For Near Limits, any alcohol use surpassed the pre-pregnancy recognition level, but binge use did not. Changes in problem symptoms over time were not evident for either group. CONCLUSION While women who had a termination were more likely to report any and binge alcohol use than women who had a child, this difference was due to a reduction in consumption among women having the child rather than an increase in consumption among women having a termination. Thus, assertions that having a termination leads women to increase alcohol use to cope with having had a termination are not supported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah C M Roberts
- Advancing New Standards in Reproductive Health (ANSIRH), University of California, San Francisco, 1330 Broadway, Suite 1100, Oakland, CA 94706, USA
| | - Kevin Delucchi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, Box 0984 TRC, 401 Parnassus Ave, Langley Porter Room 379, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Sharon C Wilsnack
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 501 North Columbia Road Stop 9037, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037, USA
| | - Diana Greene Foster
- Advancing New Standards in Reproductive Health (ANSIRH), University of California, San Francisco, 1330 Broadway, Suite 1100, Oakland, CA 94706, USA
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30
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Roberts SCM, Wilsnack SC, Foster DG, Delucchi KL. Alcohol use before and during unwanted pregnancy. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2014; 38:2844-52. [PMID: 25336245 PMCID: PMC4245368 DOI: 10.1111/acer.12544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is little information about pregnancy-related changes in alcohol use and factors contributing to changes among women with unwanted pregnancies. This study describes changes in alcohol use from before pregnancy recognition to during pregnancy and identifies important predictors of alcohol use severity among women with unwanted pregnancies. METHODS Data are from the Turnaway Study of 956 women seeking pregnancy termination at 30 U.S. facilities between 2008 and 2010, some of whom were denied care because they were past the gestational limit of the facility where they were recruited and were still pregnant at the baseline interview, 1 week after termination seeking. Predictors of alcohol use severity (a latent variable) were identified. RESULTS About 56% of the total sample reported any alcohol use the month before pregnancy recognition, with 23% reporting 6 or more drinks on an occasion. Among the total sample, 35% of those drinking before pregnancy recognition had quit and 20% had reduced 1 week after termination seeking. Among those denied terminations and still pregnant, 71% had quit and 14% had reduced. In a multivariate model predicting alcohol severity, younger age, still pregnant, 1 or more previous births, later gestation, childhood physical abuse, and marijuana and other drug use were associated with lower severity; having completed college, tobacco use, and recent physical violence were associated with higher severity. CONCLUSIONS The proportion of the total sample drinking before pregnancy recognition is similar to national samples of women of childbearing age, while the proportion binge drinking appears higher. Of women denied terminations, who were still pregnant, the proportion having quit is similar to other populations of pregnant women. More research is needed to examine whether pregnant women may be substituting alcohol for marijuana and other drugs. Interventions focusing on alcohol use severity during pregnancy may need to also focus on tobacco.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah C M Roberts
- Advancing New Standards in Reproductive Health (ANSIRH) Program, University of California, San Francisco, Oakland, California
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31
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Hughes TL, Johnson TP, Steffen AD, Wilsnack SC, Everett B. Lifetime Victimization, Hazardous Drinking, and Depression Among Heterosexual and Sexual Minority Women. LGBT Health 2014; 1:192-203. [PMID: 26789712 DOI: 10.1089/lgbt.2014.0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Substantial research documents sexual-orientation-related mental health disparities, but relatively few studies have explored underlying causes of these disparities. The goals of this article were to (1) understand how differences in sexual identity and victimization experiences influence risk of hazardous drinking and depression, and (2) describe variations across sexual minority subgroups. METHODS We pooled data from the 2001 National Study of Health and Life Experiences of Women and the 2001 Chicago Health and Life Experiences of Women study to compare rates of victimization, hazardous drinking, and depression between heterosexual women and sexual minority women (SMW), and to test the relationship between the number of victimization experiences and the study outcomes in each of five sexual identity subgroups. RESULTS Rates of each of the major study variables varied substantially by sexual identity, with bisexual and mostly heterosexual women showing significantly higher risk than heterosexual women on one or both of the study outcomes. The number of victimization experiences explained some, but not all, of the risk of hazardous drinking and depression among SMW. CONCLUSION Although victimization plays an important role, sexual-minority-specific stressors, such as stigma and discrimination, likely also help explain substance use and mental health disparities among SMW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonda L Hughes
- 1 Department of Health Systems Sciences, College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Timothy P Johnson
- 2 Survey Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Alana D Steffen
- 1 Department of Health Systems Sciences, College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Sharon C Wilsnack
- 3 Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of North Dakota School of Medicine & Health Sciences , Grand Forks, North Dakota
| | - Bethany Everett
- 4 Department of Sociology, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois
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32
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Wilsnack SC, Wilsnack RW. Focus on: women and the costs of alcohol use. Alcohol Res 2014; 35:219-28. [PMID: 24881330 PMCID: PMC3908713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Although light-to-moderate drinking among women is associated with reduced risks of some cardiovascular problems, strokes, and weakening of bones, such levels of drinking also are associated with increased risks of breast cancer and liver problems, and heavy drinking increases risks of hypertension and bone fractures and injuries. Women's heavy-drinking patterns and alcohol use disorders are associated with increased likelihood of many psychiatric problems, including depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, eating disorders, and suicidality, as well as increased risks of intimate partner violence and sexual assault, although causality in the associations of drinking with psychiatric disorders and with violence remains unclear. It is important for women to be aware of the risks associated with alcohol use, especially because gaps between U.S. men's and women's drinking may have narrowed. However, analyses of health risks and benefits need mprovement to avoid giving women oversimplified advice about drinking.
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33
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Matthews AK, Cho YI, Hughes T, Wilsnack SC, Johnson T, Martin K. The relationships of sexual identity, hazardous drinking, and drinking expectancies with risky sexual behaviors in a community sample of lesbian and bisexual women. J Am Psychiatr Nurses Assoc 2013; 19:259-70. [PMID: 24071822 PMCID: PMC5088734 DOI: 10.1177/1078390313505644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the influence of demographic characteristics, sexual identity, hazardous drinking, and sexuality/intimacy enhancement alcohol expectancies on rates of risky sexual behaviors in a community sample of women who self-identified as lesbian, mostly lesbian, and bisexual (N = 349). Structured interview data were collected as part of a larger longitudinal study of sexual minority women's health, the Chicago Health and Life Experiences of Women study. We used structural equation modeling, controlling for demographic characteristics, to evaluate the influence of sexual identity, hazardous drinking, and alcohol-related sexuality/intimacy enhancement expectancies on sexual risk behaviors. Controlling for demographic characteristics and for sexual identity, higher levels of both hazardous drinking and sexuality/intimacy enhancement alcohol expectancies were associated with higher sexual risk scores. The final model predicted 36% of the variance in risky sexual behavior scores. Our findings regarding the central role of alcohol use and sexuality/intimacy enhancement expectancies in sexual risk behaviors among sexual minority women are consistent with previous research focusing on predominantly heterosexual women. Future efforts at sexual risk reduction in sexual minority women will need to address the influences of alcohol use and drinking-related expectancies on sexual behaviors and decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia K Matthews
- Alicia K. Matthews, PhD, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA; Howard Brown Health Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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34
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Johnson TP, Hughes TL, Cho YI, Wilsnack SC, Aranda F, Szalacha LA. Hazardous drinking, depression, and anxiety among sexual-minority women: self-medication or impaired functioning? J Stud Alcohol Drugs 2013; 74:565-75. [PMID: 23739020 PMCID: PMC3711347 DOI: 10.15288/jsad.2013.74.565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sexual-minority women are at heightened risk for a number of mental health problems, including hazardous alcohol consumption, depression, and anxiety. We examined self-medication and impaired-functioning models of the associations among these variables and interpreted results within a life course framework that considered the unique social stressors experienced by sexual-minority women. METHOD Data were from a sample of 384 women interviewed during the first two waves of the Chicago Health and Life Experiences of Women (CHLEW) study. RESULTS Covariance structure modeling revealed that (a) consistent with a self-medication process, anxiety was prospectively associated with hazardous drinking and (b) consistent with an impaired-functioning process, hazardous drinking was prospectively associated with depression. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support a life course perspective that interprets the mental health of adult sexual-minority women as influenced by adverse childhood experiences, age at drinking onset, first heterosexual intercourse, and first sexual identity disclosure, as well as by processes associated with self-medication and impaired functioning during adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy P. Johnson
- Survey Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at
Chicago, Chicago, Illinois,Correspondence may be sent to Timothy P.
Johnson at the Survey Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Chicago, 412 S.
Peoria Street, Chicago, IL 60607, or via email at:
| | - Tonda L. Hughes
- Department of Health Systems Science, College of Nursing,
University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Young Ik Cho
- Joseph J. Zilber School of Public Health, University of
Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Sharon C. Wilsnack
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of North
Dakota School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Grand Forks, North Dakota
| | - Frances Aranda
- Department of Health Systems Science, College of Nursing,
University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Laura A. Szalacha
- Center for Research and Transdisciplinary Scholarship,
The Ohio State University College of Nursing, Columbus, Ohio
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35
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Abstract
Childhood abuse and neglect are pervasive problems among girls and young women that have numerous health consequences. Research suggests that sexual minority women are more likely than heterosexual women to report childhood abuse and neglect, but little is known about which sexual minority women are at greatest risk for these early adverse experiences. Using data from a pooled sample of women in a national probability study and in a large community-based study of sexual minority women designed to replicate the national study's methodology (pooled n = 953), we investigated rates and characteristics of childhood sexual abuse, physical abuse, and neglect among women from five sexual identity groups. As predicted, heterosexual women reported significantly less childhood abuse and neglect than did women who identified as mostly heterosexual, bisexual, mostly lesbian, or lesbian. We found considerable variability across the sexual minority subgroups, including severity of abuse, highlighting the need for research that distinguishes among these groups. To the extent that differences reported by women in the sample reflect the actual prevalence and severity of abuse experiences, sexual identity group differences in childhood abuse have important clinical and public health implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Alvy
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois Chicago, 1007 W. Harrison St., M/C 285, Chicago, IL 60607, USA.
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36
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37
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Peng CZ, Wilsnack RW, Kristjanson AF, Benson P, Wilsnack SC. Gender differences in the factor structure of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test in multinational general population surveys. Drug Alcohol Depend 2012; 124:50-6. [PMID: 22236536 PMCID: PMC3361583 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2011] [Revised: 11/11/2011] [Accepted: 12/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most gender-specific studies of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) have focused on gender differences in thresholds for hazardous drinking. This study examines gender differences in the factor structure of the AUDIT in general-population surveys. METHODS General-population surveys from 15 countries provided 27,478 current drinkers' responses to the AUDIT and related measures. We used single-group confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to evaluate goodness-of-fit of three hypothesized models for responses to the AUDIT by men and women in each country. Bayesian Information Criteria (BIC) using a maximum likelihood robust (MLR) estimator was evaluated to identify the best fitted model. We then assessed factorial invariance within country surveys where fit indices were acceptable for both genders. Gender-specific internal consistency and concurrent validity were also evaluated in all 15 countries. RESULTS CFA revealed that the fit indices of 2-factor or 3-factor models were consistently better than fit indices for a 1-factor model in 14 of 15 countries. Comparisons of BIC values indicated that the 2-factor solution was the best fitted model. Factorial invariance tests in data from 3 countries indicated that the factor loadings and thresholds of the AUDIT were invariant across gender. The internal reliability and concurrent validity of AUDIT and its subscales were acceptable in both genders. CONCLUSIONS A two-factor model best describes AUDIT responses across general-population surveys in 12 of 15 countries, with acceptable internal reliability and concurrent validity, and supports a gender-invariant structure in at least three of those countries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Sharon C. Wilsnack
- Correspondence: Sharon C. Wilsnack, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of North Dakota, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, PO Box 9037, Grand Forks, North Dakota, 58202-9037 USA, , Phone: 701-777-3065, Fax: 701-777-6478
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Wilsnack SC, Kristjanson AF, Hughes TL, Benson PW. Characteristics of childhood sexual abuse in lesbians and heterosexual women. Child Abuse Negl 2012; 36:260-5. [PMID: 22425697 PMCID: PMC3320670 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2011.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2010] [Revised: 09/28/2011] [Accepted: 10/12/2011] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sharon C Wilsnack
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of North Dakota School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037, USA
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Li Q, Hankin J, Wilsnack SC, Abel EL, Kirby RS, Keith LG, Obican SG. Detection of alcohol use in the second trimester among low-income pregnant women in the prenatal care settings in Jefferson County, Alabama. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2012; 36:1449-55. [PMID: 22375628 DOI: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2012.01745.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2011] [Accepted: 12/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal alcohol use, a leading preventable cause of birth defects and developmental disabilities, remains a prevalent public health concern in the United States. This study aims to detect the proportion and correlates of prenatal alcohol use in the prenatal care settings in Alabama. Prenatal care settings were chosen because of their potential as stable locations to screen for and to reduce prenatal alcohol use within a community. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study of 3,046 women in the 22 and 23 weeks of gestation who sought prenatal care in 8 community-based public clinics and participated in the Perinatal Emphasis Research Center project in Jefferson County, Alabama, from 1997 to 2001. Frequency and quantity of alcohol use in the past 3 months were assessed by research nurses during face-to-face interviews. We conducted logistic regression analyses to calculate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of correlates of prenatal alcohol use. RESULTS Participants were predominantly young, African American, and unmarried, 86.5% on Medicaid. The proportion of alcohol use in the second trimester of pregnancy was 5.1%; 0.3% of women reported 4 or more drinks on a drinking day to research nurses. Older maternal age (OR = 1.11; 95% CI = 1.08 to 1.15), use of welfare (OR = 1.43; 95% CI = 1.02 to 2.02), and male partner-perpetrated violence (OR = 2.96; 95% CI = 1.92 to 4.56) were positively associated with elevated risk of prenatal alcohol use. Protective factors included higher levels of self-esteem (OR = 0.94; 95% CI = 0.89 to 0.98) and more years of education (OR = 0.88; 95% CI = 0.78 to 0.98). CONCLUSIONS Prenatal alcohol use remains a public health issue among low-income pregnant women in Jefferson County, Alabama. Research nurses detected it in the second trimester. Future studies need to encourage screening for prenatal alcohol use in the prenatal care settings by obstetrician-gynecologists, family physicians, nurses, and midwives. Combined interventions to educate and empower women and strengthen families are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Li
- Center for Social Medicine and Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Department of Sociology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA.
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Wilsnack SC. The GENACIS project: a review of findings and some implications for global needs in women-focused substance abuse prevention and intervention. Subst Abuse Rehabil 2012; 3:5-15. [PMID: 24474872 PMCID: PMC3889179 DOI: 10.2147/sar.s21343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Gender, Alcohol, and Culture: An International Study (GENACIS) is a collaborative study of gender-related and cultural influences on alcohol use and alcohol-related problems of women and men. Members conduct comparative analyses of data from comparable general population surveys in 38 countries on five continents. This paper presents GENACIS findings that (1) age-related declines in drinking are uncommon outside North America and Europe; (2) groups of women at increased risk for hazardous drinking include women who cohabit, women with fewer social roles, more highly educated women in lower-income countries, and sexual minority women in North America; (3) heavier alcohol use shows strong and cross-culturally consistent associations with increased likelihood and severity of intimate partner violence; and (4) one effect or accompaniment of rapid social, economic, and gender-role change in traditional societies may be increased drinking among formerly abstinent women. These findings have potentially important implications for women-focused intervention and policy. Substance abuse services should include attention to middle-aged and older women, who may have different risk factors, symptoms, and treatment issues than their younger counterparts. Creative, targeted prevention is needed for high-risk groups of women. Programs to reduce violence between intimate partners must include attention to the pervasive role of alcohol use in intimate partner aggression. Social and economic empowerment of women, together with social marketing of norms of abstention or low-risk drinking, may help prevent increased hazardous alcohol use among women in countries undergoing rapid social change. Greater attention to effects of gender, culture, and their interactions can inform the design of more effective prevention, intervention, and policy to reduce the substantial global costs of alcohol abuse in both women and men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon C Wilsnack
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, USA
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Bakhireva LN, Wilsnack SC, Kristjanson A, Yevtushok L, Onishenko S, Wertelecki W, Chambers CD. Paternal drinking, intimate relationship quality, and alcohol consumption in pregnant Ukrainian women. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 2012; 72:536-44. [PMID: 21683035 DOI: 10.15288/jsad.2011.72.536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy and fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs) represent a significant public health problem. The influence of the male partner's alcohol consumption patterns and the quality of the partner's intimate relationship might be important factors to consider in the design of successful FASD prevention programs. METHOD As part of the Collaborative Initiative on Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders, 166 pregnant women in two regions in Ukraine participated in an in-person interview at an average gestational age of 18-19 weeks. Subjects were classified cross-sectionally as abstainers/light drinkers (n = 80), defined as low or no consumption of alcohol in the periconceptional period and none in the most recent 2 weeks of pregnancy; discontinuers (n = 43), defined as moderate to heavy alcohol use in the periconceptional period but none during the most recent 2 weeks of pregnancy; or continuing drinkers (n = 43), defined as continued moderate to heavy alcohol use within the most recent 2 weeks of pregnancy. Women also reported on their partner's drinking behavior and on the quality of their intimate relationship. RESULTS Heavy paternal drinking was significantly associated with both continuing maternal drinking in the most recent 2 weeks (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 34.1; 95% CI [5.9, 195.8]) and being a risky drinker only around conception (adjusted OR = 27.0; 95% CI [5.0, 147.7]). In addition, women who consumed alcohol during pregnancy had lower mean scores for satisfaction with partners' relationship and ability to discuss problems (p < .05) compared with light drinkers/abstainers. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that development of partner-based interventions, as opposed to those solely focused on maternal drinking, might be warranted as a strategy to prevent FASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludmila N Bakhireva
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, 92093, USA
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Graham K, Bernards S, Knibbe R, Kairouz S, Kuntche S, Wilsnack SC, Greenfield TK, Dietze P, Obot I, Gmel G. Alcohol-related negative consequences among drinkers around the world. Addiction 2011; 106:1391-405. [PMID: 21395893 PMCID: PMC3682406 DOI: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2011.03425.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This paper examines (i) gender and country differences in negative consequences related to drinking; (ii) relative rates of different consequences; and (iii) country-level predictors of consequences. DESIGN SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Multi-level analyses used survey data from the Gender, Alcohol, and Culture: An International Study (GENACIS) collaboration. MEASUREMENTS Measures included 17 negative consequences grouped into (i) high endorsement acute, (ii) personal and (iii) social. Country-level measures included average frequency and quantity of drinking, percentage who were current drinkers, gross domestic product (GDP) and Human Development Index (HDI). FINDINGS Overall, the three groupings of consequences were reported by 44%, 12% and 7% of men and by 31%, 6% and 3% of women, respectively. More men than women endorsed all consequences, but gender differences were greatest for consequences associated with chronic drinking and social consequences related to male roles. The highest prevalence of consequences was in Uganda and lowest in Uruguay. Personal and social consequences were more likely in countries with higher usual quantity, fewer current drinkers and lower scores on GDP and HDI. However, significant interactions with individual-level quantity indicated a stronger relationship between consequences and usual quantity among drinkers in countries with lower quantity, more current drinkers and higher scores on GDP and HDI. CONCLUSIONS Both gender and country need to be taken into consideration when assessing adverse drinking consequences. Individual measures of alcohol consumption and country-level variables are associated with experiencing such consequences. Additionally, country-level variables affect the strength of the relationship between usual quantity consumed by individuals and adverse consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Graham
- Social and Epidemiological Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, London, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Sharon Bernards
- Research Associate, Social and Epidemiological Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ronald Knibbe
- Professor of Social Epidemiology of Alcohol and Drug Use, Department of Health Promotion, University Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Sylvia Kairouz
- Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Concordia University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Sandra Kuntche
- Addiction Info Switzerland, Lausanne, Switzerland; Alcohol Treatment Centre, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sharon C. Wilsnack
- Chester Fritz Distinguished Professor, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of North Dakota, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA
| | | | - Paul Dietze
- Associate Professor, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne Australia; Centre for Population Health, Burnet Institute, Melbourne Australia
| | - Isidore Obot
- Department of Psychology, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria
| | - Gerhard Gmel
- Alcohol Treatment Center, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland; Addiction Info Switzerland, Lausanne, Switzerland; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; University of the West of England, Frenchay Campus, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol, United Kingdom
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Graham K, Bernards S, Wilsnack SC, Gmel G. Alcohol may not cause partner violence but it seems to make it worse: a cross national comparison of the relationship between alcohol and severity of partner violence. J Interpers Violence 2011; 26:1503-23. [PMID: 20522883 PMCID: PMC3142677 DOI: 10.1177/0886260510370596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
This study assesses whether severity of physical partner aggression is associated with alcohol consumption at the time of the incident, and whether the relationship between drinking and aggression severity is the same for men and women and across different countries. National or large regional general population surveys were conducted in 13 countries as part of the GENACIS collaboration. Respondents described the most physically aggressive act done to them by a partner in the past 2 years, rated the severity of aggression on a scale of 1 to 10, and reported whether either partner had been drinking when the incident occurred. Severity ratings were significantly higher for incidents in which one or both partners had been drinking compared to incidents in which neither partner had been drinking. The relationship did not differ significantly for men and women or by country. We conclude that alcohol consumption may serve to potentiate violence when it occurs, and this pattern holds across a diverse set of cultures. Further research is needed that focuses explicitly on the nature of alcohol's contribution to intimate partner aggression. Prevention needs to address the possibility of enhanced dangers of intimate partner violence when the partners have been drinking and eliminate any systemic factors that permit alcohol to be used as an excuse. Clinical services for perpetrators and victims of partner violence need to address the role of drinking practices, including the dynamics and process of aggressive incidents that occur when one or both partners have been drinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Graham
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, London, Ontario, Canada.
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Hughes TL, Szalacha LA, Johnson TP, Kinnison KE, Wilsnack SC, Cho Y. Sexual victimization and hazardous drinking among heterosexual and sexual minority women. Addict Behav 2010; 35:1152-6. [PMID: 20692771 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2010.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2010] [Accepted: 07/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Although research shows that sexual minority women report high rates of lifetime sexual victimization and high rates of hazardous drinking, investigators have yet to explore the relationships between sexual victimization and hazardous drinking in this population. In addition, because the rates of these problems may vary within the sexual minority population, we examined and compared relationships between sexual victimization and hazardous drinking in exclusively heterosexual and sexual minority (mostly heterosexual, bisexual, mostly lesbian and exclusively lesbian) women. METHOD Data from 548 participants in the National Study of Health and Life Experiences of Women and 405 participants in the Chicago Health and Life Experiences of Women study were pooled to address these relationships. We compared hazardous drinking, childhood sexual abuse (CSA), adult sexual assault (ASA), and revictimization (both CSA and ASA) across the five sexual identity subgroups. We then fit a multilevel general linear model to examine group differences in the relationships between hazardous drinking and sexual victimization and to test for potential interactions between victimization and identity on hazardous drinking. RESULTS Sexual minority women reported higher levels of hazardous drinking and higher rates of CSA and sexual revictimization than did exclusively heterosexual women. Revictimization was the strongest predictor of hazardous drinking among women who identified as mostly heterosexual and mostly lesbian. CONCLUSIONS This study extends previous research by examining associations between sexual victimization and hazardous drinking in heterosexual and sexual minority women and by exploring within-group variations in these associations among sexual minority women. Higher rates of lifetime sexual victimization and revictimization may help to explain sexual minority women's heightened risk for hazardous drinking. The findings highlight the need for additional research that examines the meanings of sexual identity labels to more fully understand differences in risk within groups of sexual minority women as well as how sexual identity may affect responses to and interpretations of sexual victimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonda L Hughes
- University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Nursing (M/C 802), 845 South Damen Avenue, Room 956, Chicago, IL 60612, United States.
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Abstract
CONTEXT There is consensus in the research literature that substance use disparities exist among sexual minority women and men; however, few studies have examined risk factors that may contribute to these disparities. AIMS To compare reports of life-time victimization experiences in a US national sample of adult heterosexual and sexual minority women and men and to examine the relationships between victimization experiences and past-year substance use disorders. DESIGN, PARTICIPANTS, MEASUREMENTS The secondary data analyses used 2004-05 (wave 2) National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC) data collected in structured diagnostic face-to-face interviews in the United States. Substance use disorders (SUDs) were defined according to DSM-IV criteria and included past-year alcohol abuse, alcohol dependence, drug abuse and drug dependence. The sample consisted of 34 653 adults aged 20 years and older; approximately 2% of the respondents self-identified as sexual minority (lesbian, gay or bisexual). FINDINGS Results showed strong associations between victimization and any past-year SUDs and confirmed findings from several previous studies indicating that, compared with heterosexuals, sexual minority women and men are at heightened risk for life-time victimization. However, prevalence of the seven victimization experiences and the degree of association between individual victimization experiences and SUDs varied substantially across sexual minority subgroups. The childhood victimization variables-especially childhood neglect-showed the strongest and most consistent associations with SUDs. Odds of SUDs were generally higher among both female and male respondents, regardless of sexual identity, who reported multiple (two or more) victimization experiences than among those who reported no life-time victimization, suggesting a possible cumulative effect of multiple victimization experiences. CONCLUSIONS Higher rates of life-time victimization, particularly victimization experienced in childhood, may help to explain higher rates of substance use disorders among sexual minorities. However, more research is needed to understand better the complex relationships among sexual orientation, victimization and substance use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonda Hughes
- College of Nursing (MC 802), University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612-7350, USA.
| | - Sean Esteban McCabe
- Substance Abuse Research Center, Institute for Research on Women and Gender, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sharon C. Wilsnack
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Brady T. West
- Center for Statistical Consultation and Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Carol J. Boyd
- Institute for Research on Women and Gender, School of Nursing and Women’s Studies Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Abstract
AIMS To evaluate multinational patterns of gender- and age-specific alcohol consumption. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS Large general-population surveys of men's and women's drinking behavior (n's > 900) in 35 countries in 1997-2007 used a standardized questionnaire (25 countries) or measures comparable to those in the standardized questionnaire. MEASUREMENTS Data from men and women in three age groups (18-34, 35-49, 50-65) showed the prevalence of drinkers, former drinkers, and lifetime abstainers; and the prevalence of high-frequency, high-volume, and heavy episodic drinking among current drinkers. Analyses examined gender ratios for prevalence rates and the direction of changes in prevalence rates across age groups. FINDINGS Drinking per se and high-volume drinking were consistently more prevalent among men than among women, but lifetime abstention from alcohol was consistently more prevalent among women. Among respondents who had ever been drinkers, women in all age groups were consistently more likely to have stopped drinking than men were. Among drinkers, the prevalence of high-frequency drinking was consistently greatest in the oldest age group, particularly among men. Unexpectedly, the prevalence of drinking per se did not decline consistently with increasing age, and declines in high-volume and heavy episodic drinking with increasing age were more typical in Europe and English-speaking countries. CONCLUSIONS As expected, men still exceed women in drinking and high-volume drinking, although gender ratios vary. Better explanations are needed for why more women than men quit drinking, and why aging does not consistently reduce drinking and heavy drinking outside Europe and English-speaking countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard W. Wilsnack
- University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Sharon C. Wilsnack
- University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | | | | | - Gerhard Gmel
- Swiss Institute for the Prevention of Alcohol and Drug Problems, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Wilsnack SC, Hughes TL, Johnson TP, Bostwick WB, Szalacha LA, Benson P, Aranda F, Kinnison KE. Drinking and Drinking-Related Problems Among Heterosexual and Sexual Minority Women. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 2008; 69:129-39. [DOI: 10.15288/jsad.2008.69.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Hughes TL, Wilsnack SC, Szalacha LA, Johnson T, Bostwick WB, Seymour R, Aranda F, Benson P, Kinnison KE. Age and racial/ethnic differences in drinking and drinking-related problems in a community sample of lesbians. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 67:579-90. [PMID: 16736078 DOI: 10.15288/jsa.2006.67.579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although research on alcohol use among women has increased dramatically during the past several decades, relatively few studies have focused on lesbians, and almost none have included sufficient numbers of older lesbians or lesbians of color to permit comparative analyses. Using data from the Chicago Health and Life Experiences of Women Study (CHLEW), we examined drinking patterns and problems in a large and diverse sample of lesbians. METHOD Structured interviews were conducted with 447 community-residing adult women (ages 18-83) who self-identified as lesbians (48% non-Hispanic white, 28% non-Hispanic black, and 20% Hispanic/Latina; the remainder were in the "other" category). We used multivariate logistic regressions to examine and compare the prevalence of lifetime and 12-month problem-drinking indicators across four age and three racial/ethnic groups. RESULTS Unlike findings from general population surveys, in which women's rates of drinking tend to decrease with age, we found relatively few differences across the four age groups of CHLEW respondents. We also found no significant differences between Hispanic and white lesbians on any of the lifetime or 12-month problem-drinking indicators and only a few significant differences between white and black lesbians. CONCLUSIONS As with heterosexual women, patterns of drinking and drinking-related problems among lesbians vary by age and race/ ethnicity. However, given our findings of substantially smaller variations among lesbians than among women in the general population, research is needed that examines in greater depth the intersections between age, race/ethnicity, sexual orientation, and drinking. Understanding how these sociocultural factors interact with each other and with other known risk factors is important for identifying population groups at greatest risk for developing alcohol-related problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonda L Hughes
- University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC), College of Nursing, M/C 802, 845 South Damen Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA.
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Hughes TL, Johnson TP, Wilsnack SC, Szalacha LA. Childhood risk factors for alcohol abuse and psychological distress among adult lesbians. Child Abuse Negl 2007; 31:769-89. [PMID: 17628667 PMCID: PMC2600503 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2006.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2005] [Revised: 11/17/2006] [Accepted: 12/21/2006] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined the relationships between childhood and family background variables, including sexual and physical abuse, and subsequent alcohol abuse and psychological distress in adult lesbians. METHODOLOGY Structural equation modeling was used to evaluate relationships between childhood sexual and physical abuse and parenting variables and latent measures of lifetime alcohol abuse and psychological distress in a large community-based sample of lesbians. RESULTS Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) directly predicted lifetime alcohol abuse, and childhood physical abuse (CPA) directly predicted lifetime psychological distress. In addition, CSA indirectly increased the risk of lifetime alcohol abuse through its negative effect on age at first heterosexual intercourse. Childhood physical abuse had only indirect effects on lifetime alcohol abuse through its strong relationship to lifetime psychological distress. Parental drinking problems and parental strictness directly predicted lifetime psychological distress; parental drinking problems indirectly predicted lifetime alcohol abuse through the mediators of age of drinking onset and lifetime psychological distress. White lesbians, younger lesbians, and those with lower levels of education were at greatest risk of psychological distress. CONCLUSION While the cross-sectional design precludes causal conclusions, study findings--especially those related to CSA--are consistent with previous research on predominantly heterosexual women in the general population. Lesbians who experienced CSA were at heightened risk of lifetime alcohol abuse and those who experienced CPA were at heightened risk of lifetime psychological distress relative to lesbians without abuse histories. Given the dearth of research on childhood abuse and sexual orientation, studies are needed that examine the similarities and differences between lesbians' and heterosexual women's experiences of, and responses to, childhood abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonda L Hughes
- Department of Public Health, Mental Health and Administrative Nursing, UIC National Center of Excellence in Women's Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol consumption in Russia is reportedly high for both men and women; most studies of Russian drinking have used questionnaires not designed specifically to measure alcohol consumption or to interview women. This study was designed specifically to measure drinking patterns among pregnant and nonpregnant Russian women. METHODS Eight hundred ninety-nine women of child-bearing age in St. Petersburg, Russia, were interviewed in employment centers, educational centers, and at obstetric and gynecologic (OB/GYN) clinics and hospitals. Measurement of drinking used several types of drinking questions and time frames. RESULTS Nearly all nonpregnant Russian women (95.9%) reported consuming alcohol in the last 12 months. Among nonpregnant women drinkers, 7.6% reported drinking heavily (29.58 mL or more ethanol/d), and 18.4% reported drinking >or=5 on at least 1 occasion. Contrary to expectations of Russian obstetricians, pregnant Russian women readily answered detailed questions about their drinking behavior during pregnancy. Nearly all pregnant women drank in the year before they became pregnant; of these, 60.0% reported drinking when they knew they were pregnant, and 34.9% drank in the past 30 days. Among pregnant women who drank in the past 30 days, 7.4% reporting having >or=5 drinks on at least 1 occasion. Nevertheless, more than 90% of pregnant and nonpregnant Russian women believed that alcohol has a detrimental effect on pregnancy outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Pregnant and nonpregnant Russian women were willing to answer detailed questions about their drinking behavior. Although most pregnant women studied reduced their drinking during pregnancy, one-third of the pregnant women did not stop drinking. It is important to find out what enabled two-thirds of the pregnant women to stop drinking before or during their pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arlinda F Kristjanson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of North Dakota School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Grand Forks 58202-9037, USA.
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