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Hu J, Zheng Q, Zhou T, Huang Z. Development and initial validation of the parental response to adolescents' emotions scale: A mixed methods approach. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE 2024; 34:599-613. [PMID: 38650355 DOI: 10.1111/jora.12945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
An exploratory mixed methods design was used to explore age-appropriate characteristics of parental response to emotion (PRE) during adolescence in Chinese families and develop the parental response to adolescents' emotions scale (C-PRAES). Qualitative interviews with 21 parent-adolescent dyads were employed to explore characteristics of PRE in adolescence and generate item pools. Structural validity, criterion validity, measurement invariance across informants (adolescents vs. parents, mothers vs. fathers) and consistency reliability were examined in the quantitative phase (Nadolescent = 702, Nparent = 476). New age-appropriate strategies were generated from qualitative phase: Guidance in reappraisal, Allowing independent regulation, and Avoiding escalation of conflict. The formal version of the C-PRAES comprised items in two dimensions (supportive/non-supportive) and exhibited good validity, reliability, and measurement invariance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Hu
- Department of Medical Psychology, School of Health Humanities, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Purdue University, West Lafayette, 47906, IN, USA
| | - Qinliang Zheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Discipline of Pediatric Internal Medicine (Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University), Jining, Shandong, China
- Jining Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Severe Infection in Children, Jining Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Severe Infection in Children, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Ting Zhou
- Department of Medical Psychology, School of Health Humanities, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Huang
- Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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2
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Chu M, Fang Z, Mao L, Ma H, Lee CY, Chiang YC. Creating A child-friendly social environment for fewer conduct problems and more prosocial behaviors among children: A LASSO regression approach. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2024; 244:104200. [PMID: 38447485 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Creating a child-friendly social environment is an important component of promoting child-friendly city development. This study aims to explore the key indicators of friendly family, school and community social environments from the perspective of children's conduct problems and prosocial behaviors. METHOD The sample included grade 3-5 students from one public elementary school in the urban areas and another public elementary school in the rural areas of a Chinese city pursuing a child-friendly philosophy. A total of 418 participants were included in this study. Data on conduct problems, prosocial behaviors and the social environment were collected. To effectively select important variables and eliminate estimation bias, this study used LASSO regression to identify key indicators predicting children's conduct problems and prosocial behavior, followed by linear regression coefficient estimation and significance testing. RESULTS Creating a friendly family environment (ensuring family members' assistance with academic problems) and school environment (reducing cheating, fighting, and unfriendly teacher language) was associated with reduced conduct problems in children. Creating a positive family atmosphere (enhancing children's trust in family members), school environment (increasing parents' awareness of school affairs, reinforcing students' prosocial behavior, increasing extracurricular activity programs, and encouraging student engagement in academics) and community environment (respecting all children in the community) was associated with improving children's prosocial behavior. CONCLUSIONS This study transforms the multidimensional, complex child-friendly social environment evaluation indicator system into concise and specific measurement indicators, which can provide theoretical and practical implications for government decision-making in child-friendly city development through empirical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meijie Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhiwei Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen, China
| | - Li Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen, China
| | - Honghao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen, China
| | - Chun-Yang Lee
- School of International Business, Xiamen University Tan Kah Kee College, Zhangzhou, China.
| | - Yi-Chen Chiang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen, China.
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3
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Burkhardt SCA, Röösli P, Müller X. The Tuning in to Kids parenting program delivered online improves emotion socialization and child behavior in a first randomized controlled trial. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4979. [PMID: 38424200 PMCID: PMC10904363 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55689-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Emotion-focused parenting interventions have only rarely been evaluated systematically in Europe. This study investigates the effectiveness of "Tuning in to Kids" (TIK) from Australia delivered online in a randomized controlled trial. TIK is a six-week emotion-focused group parenting program that has shown to improve many aspects of parent emotion socialization as well as child problem behavior in several different countries across cultures. Parents (N = 141) of children between 3 and 6 years of age were included in the study and randomly assigned to an intervention and wait-list control group. The intervention was delivered online due to the worldwide COVID-19 pandemic in spring 2021 (intervention group) and one year later (control group) in Switzerland. Parents' beliefs about emotions, their reported reactions to the child's negative emotions, family emotional climate, and child behavior (internalizing and externalizing) improved after the intervention and stayed better until the 6 months follow-up in the intervention group, but not in the wait-list controls. Adherence to the program was very high. This study shows that parent emotion socialization practice is changeable with small effects even on child behavior and even after online delivery. This possibly makes Tuning in to Kids a promising emotion-focused parenting intervention when delivered online as an interactive group webinar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan C A Burkhardt
- Institute for Educational Support for Behavior, Social-Emotional, and Psychomotor Development, University of Teacher Education in Special Needs, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Patrizia Röösli
- Institute for Educational Support for Behavior, Social-Emotional, and Psychomotor Development, University of Teacher Education in Special Needs, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Xenia Müller
- Institute for Educational Support for Behavior, Social-Emotional, and Psychomotor Development, University of Teacher Education in Special Needs, Zurich, Switzerland
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Hu J, Zhou T. Parent-adolescent Congruence and Discrepancy in Perceived Parental Emotion Socialization to Anger and Sadness: Using Response Surface Analysis to Examine the Links with Adolescent Depressive Symptoms. J Youth Adolesc 2024; 53:67-78. [PMID: 38117363 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-023-01919-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Parents and adolescents often hold discrepant perceptions of parental emotion socialization, which reflect misunderstandings in parent-adolescent communication on emotions and have potential detrimental effects on mental health of adolescents. The present study investigated the associations between parent-adolescent congruence and discrepancy in parental emotion socialization perception to two specific negative emotions (anger and sadness) and depressive symptoms in Chinese adolescents. A total of 372 adolescents (48.4% female, Mage = 13.43, SDage = 0.49) and their parents (79.6% mother, Mage = 41.15, SDage = 5.46) participated in this study. Both parents and adolescents reported perceived parental emotion socialization to anger and sadness, and adolescents reported depressive symptoms. Data were analyzed using polynomial regression and response surface analyses. Both congruence and discrepancy in parent and adolescent's reports were associated with adolescent depressive symptoms. A higher level of adolescent depressive symptoms was associated with higher parent-adolescent congruence in supportive responses to anger, sadness, and nonsupportive responses to anger. A higher level of depressive symptoms was associated with inconsistent reporting of supportive responses to sadness and nonsupportive responses to anger (only when parents had a more positive view than adolescents). This study highlights the significance of evaluating parent-child communication process by assessing perceived emotion socialization from both parents and adolescents and analyzing the reporting congruence and discrepancy. It also suggests that enhancing effective communication regarding parental emotion socialization could be a promising target for adolescent mental health promotion programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Hu
- Department of Medical Psychology, School of Health Humanities, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47906, USA
| | - Ting Zhou
- Department of Medical Psychology, School of Health Humanities, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Zahl-Olsen R, Severinsen L, Stiegler JR, Fernee CR, Simhan I, Rekdal SS, Bertelsen TB. Effects of emotionally oriented parental interventions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1159892. [PMID: 37519350 PMCID: PMC10374204 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1159892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This systematic review and meta-analysis investigates the effects of emotionally oriented parental interventions. Background Several emotionally oriented parental interventions have been developed during the last decade. Some of these have gained popularity and spread across several continents. The literature is growing and consists of qualitative studies; intervention only, quasi-experimental, case-control studies; and randomized controlled trials. They indicate effects for parents and children. However, no systematic review or meta-analysis has, to our knowledge, summarized the results. Method Using several search engines, we located 8,272 studies. After abstract and full-text screening, 33 studies were assessed for bias and included in the study. Outcomes for parents and children were extracted and combined into three constructs for parents and two for children. Meta-analyses were conducted for each construct to estimate the effect of the interventions using a robust Bayes meta-analysis. Results The results indicate the presence of a small to medium effect on parents' mental health, behavior, and use of emotionally oriented parenting, as well as on children's internalizing and externalizing difficulties. Most participants were recruited from the general population, and clinical settings were rare. The results show little evidence of publication bias. Conclusion There is evidence of a small to medium effect of emotionally oriented interventions on parents and children. Systematic review registration https://osf.io/un3q4/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rune Zahl-Olsen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Sorlandet Hospital, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Linda Severinsen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Sorlandet Hospital, Kristiansand, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Carina Ribe Fernee
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Sorlandet Hospital, Kristiansand, Norway
- Department of Sport Science and Physical Education, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Indra Simhan
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Sorlandet Hospital, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Sondre Sverd Rekdal
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Sorlandet Hospital, Kristiansand, Norway
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Dávila AFA, Palacio MEM, Valle CDG. Impact of Coaching on the Development of Personal and Social Competences among Secondary School Students. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1025. [PMID: 37371257 DOI: 10.3390/children10061025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the impact of school coaching in Spain on the dimensions that comprise the effective personality construct and the development of those dimensions among secondary school students is analyzed. Differences relating to the variables of gender, course year/age, and the state/private sector of each educational center are specified. A longitudinal study employing a quasi-experimental methodology was conducted with a sample of 310 students in attendance at 6 educational centers within the Community of Madrid, Spain; the study cohort comprised 156 (50.3%) male students and 154 (49.7%) female students. The effective personality questionnaire in secondary education was used for the pre- and post-intervention evaluations, as well as to conduct an open survey once the program had ended. The students who attended the six-session intervention expressed high degrees of satisfaction. Despite the brevity of each session (45-60 min), a slight non-significant improvement was observed in the experimental group relative to the control group in the dimensions that were studied (p > 0.05). Regarding gender, the program worked better with male rather than with female students. It was also more effective within state-aided than in state schools.
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Anderson AS, Watson KH, Reising MM, Dunbar JP, Gruhn MA, Compas BE. Adolescents' Coping and Internalizing Symptoms: Role of Maternal Socialization of Coping and Depression Symptoms. MENTAL HEALTH & PREVENTION 2023; 30:200270. [PMID: 37064864 PMCID: PMC10104443 DOI: 10.1016/j.mhp.2023.200270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Parental emotion socialization, including processes of the socialization of coping and emotion regulation, is a key factor in shaping children's adjustment in response to acute and chronic stress. Given well-established links between parental depression and youth psychopathology, levels of parental depression symptoms are an important factor for understanding emotion socialization and regulation processes. The present study examined associations among maternal coping and depression symptoms with their adolescents' coping and internalizing problems. A sample of 120 adolescents (45% female, M = 12.27, SD = 1.90) and their mothers participated in a cross-sectional, multi-informant study. Mothers' depression symptoms and adolescents' coping were significantly related to adolescents' internalizing problems. Adolescents' coping moderated the association between maternal depression symptoms and adolescents' internalizing problems, where at low and moderate levels of primary control coping, maternal depression predicted greater internalizing symptoms in adolescents. Further, this study expanded on prior work, demonstrating that the relationship between adolescents' coping and internalizing symptoms was associated with the degree to which mothers model coping. Taken together, results suggest that maternal coping and adolescent coping serve as salient risk and protective factors in the context of family stress. Findings emphasize a need for researchers to further clarify the role of emotion socialization processes in adolescents' development of coping in the context of family stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allegra S Anderson
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Kelly H Watson
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Michelle M Reising
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jennifer P Dunbar
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Meredith A Gruhn
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Bruce E Compas
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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Cabecinha-Alati S, Montreuil TC, Langevin R. The role of maternal child maltreatment history and unsupportive emotion socialization in the intergenerational transmission of emotion regulation difficulties. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2022; 129:105661. [PMID: 35550482 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2022.105661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal mental health problems and poor parenting are thought to account for the intergenerational transmission of poor outcomes to offspring of mothers who have experienced child maltreatment. OBJECTIVE Given that emotion regulation (ER) difficulties have been linked to adult psychopathology and maladaptive parenting, the goal of the present study was to examine the mechanisms through which a maternal history of child maltreatment, and subsequent difficulties with ER, might contribute to unsupportive emotion socialization and the intergenerational transmission of ER difficulties. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING Mothers and their young adult children (aged 18-25) were recruited from across Canada to participate in an online study (N = 185 dyads). METHODS Mothers responded to questionnaires assessing their child maltreatment histories and ER difficulties. Young adults retrospectively reported on their mothers' emotion socialization behaviours in adolescence as well as their own difficulties with ER. RESULTS A moderated mediation analysis revealed that mothers who endorsed more types of child maltreatment were described as using more unsupportive contingencies, but only in the context of high levels of maternal ER difficulties. The indirect effect of maternal child maltreatment on young adults' ER difficulties was only significant for mothers with high levels of ER difficulties. More specifically, maternal difficulties with impulse control and emotional clarity contributed to more unsupportive contingencies. CONCLUSIONS Mothers who have experienced multiple forms of child maltreatment may be more likely to struggle with ER and engage in unsupportive emotion socialization behaviours, which may increase the risk of emotional difficulties in their children. Survivors of child maltreatment should have access to interventions that promote ER skills to improve their own well-being and to prevent the transmission of ER difficulties to future generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Cabecinha-Alati
- Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, McGill University, 3700 McTavish Street, Room 614, Montreal, QC H3A 1Y2, Canada
| | - Tina C Montreuil
- Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, McGill University, 3700 McTavish Street, Room 614, Montreal, QC H3A 1Y2, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, 1033 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, QC H3A 1A1, Canada
| | - Rachel Langevin
- Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, McGill University, 3700 McTavish Street, Room 614, Montreal, QC H3A 1Y2, Canada.
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Holzman JB, Kennedy SM, Grassie HL, Ehrenreich-May J. Associations between dispositional parental emotion regulation and youth mental health symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Psychol Rev 2022; 95:102174. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2022.102174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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The Impact of Community Mental Health Programs for Australian Youth: A Systematic Review. Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev 2022; 25:573-590. [PMID: 35171386 PMCID: PMC8853061 DOI: 10.1007/s10567-022-00384-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Australia has undergone significant youth mental health reform over the past 10 years, leading to numerous studies examining the effects of community-based mental health care programs for Australian youth. However, no synthesis of this literature currently exists. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to: (1) describe the types of community-based mental health programs that have been delivered to Australian youth in the past 10 years; and (2) examine their impact in improving young people’s mental health symptomology and psychosocial functioning. A systematic search of the peer-reviewed literature was conducted. Studies were included if they evaluated the extent to which such programs improved mental health symptomology (e.g., depression, anxiety, substance use) and/or psychosocial outcomes (e.g., social functioning, school engagement, employment) for Australian youth aged 10–25 years. Thirty-seven studies were included. Four types of community-based youth mental health care programs were identified: therapy (n = 16), case management (n = 9), integrated ‘one-stop-shop’ (n = 6) and lifestyle (n = 6) programs. The majority of therapeutic programs were effective in reducing mental health symptomology. Case management and integrated approaches consistently yielded significant improvements in both symptomology and psychosocial outcomes. Lifestyle programs were effective in alleviating depressive symptoms, but inconclusive for other outcomes. This review provides support for youth-friendly, systemic, multidisciplinary and integrated assertive outreach models of community mental health care to improve outcomes for young Australians experiencing mental health concerns. Several recommendations for future research are provided to strengthen the local evidence-base supporting community mental health programs to ultimately enhance young people’s life trajectory.
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Longitudinal Effects of Reminiscing and Emotion Training on Child Maladjustment in the Context of Maltreatment and Maternal Depressive Symptoms. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2022; 50:13-25. [PMID: 33666794 PMCID: PMC8418621 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-021-00794-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to child maltreatment and maternal depression are significant risk factors for the development of psychopathology. Difficulties in caregiving, including poor emotion socialization behavior, may mediate these associations. Thus, enhancing supportive parent emotion socialization may be a key transdiagnostic target for preventive interventions designed for these families. Reminiscing and Emotion Training (RET) is a brief relational intervention designed to improve maternal emotion socialization behavior by enhancing maltreating mothers' sensitive guidance during reminiscing with their young children. This study evaluated associations between maltreatment, maternal depressive symptoms, and the RET intervention with changes in children's maladjustment across one year following the intervention, and examined the extent to which intervention-related improvement in maternal emotion socialization mediated change in children's maladjustment. Participants were 242 children (aged 36 to 86 months) and their mothers from maltreating (66%) and nonmaltreating (34%) families. Results indicated that RET intervention-related improvement in maternal sensitive guidance mediated the effects of RET on reduced child maladjustment among maltreated children one year later. By comparison, poor sensitive guidance mediated the effects of maltreatment on higher child maladjustment among families that did not receive the RET intervention. Direct effects of maternal depressive symptoms on child maladjustment were also observed. This suggests RET is effective in facilitating emotional and behavioral adjustment in maltreated children by improving maltreating mothers' emotional socialization behaviors.
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Bulimwengu AS, Cartmel J. The tween years: A systematic literature review for services for children aged 10-13 years. Heliyon 2022; 8:e08822. [PMID: 35128107 PMCID: PMC8810366 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e08822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Morris AS, Ratliff EL, Cosgrove KT, Steinberg L. We Know Even More Things: A Decade Review of Parenting Research. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE 2021; 31:870-888. [PMID: 34820951 PMCID: PMC8630733 DOI: 10.1111/jora.12641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we highlight the important ideas that have emerged from research on parenting and adolescent development over the past decade. Beginning with research on authoritative parenting, we examine key elements of this parenting style and its influence across diverse contexts and populations. We turn our attention to four topics that have generated much research in the past decade: (1) how parenting contributes to adolescent peer and romantic relationships; (2) the impact of parenting on adolescent brain development; (3) gene-environment interactions in parenting research; and (4) parents' involvement in adolescents' social media use. We discuss contemporary challenges and ways parents can promote healthy development. We consider the integration of research, practice, and policy that best supports parents and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Sheffield Morris
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, Oklahoma State University - Tulsa, 700 N. Greenwood Ave., Tulsa, OK 74106, USA
| | - Erin L. Ratliff
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, Oklahoma State University - Tulsa, 700 N. Greenwood Ave., Tulsa, OK 74106, USA
| | - Kelly T. Cosgrove
- Department of Psychology, University of Tulsa, 800 S. Tucker Dr. Tulsa, OK 74104, USA
| | - Laurence Steinberg
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, 1701 N 13th St, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
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Bølstad E, Havighurst SS, Tamnes CK, Nygaard E, Bjørk RF, Stavrinou M, Espeseth T. A Pilot Study of a Parent Emotion Socialization Intervention: Impact on Parent Behavior, Child Self-Regulation, and Adjustment. Front Psychol 2021; 12:730278. [PMID: 34721193 PMCID: PMC8554311 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.730278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Adequate emotion regulation in children is crucial for healthy development and is influenced by parent emotion socialization. The current pilot study aimed to test, for the first time in a Scandinavian population, whether an emotion-focused intervention, Tuning in to Kids (TIK), had positive effects on parent emotion-related socialization behaviors (ERSBs), and children's self-regulation, anxiety, and externalizing behavior problems. We conducted a controlled trial of the 6-week evidence-based TIK parenting program with 20 parents of preschool children aged 5–6 years and 19 wait-list controls. Assessments at baseline and 6 months after the intervention included parent-report questionnaires on parent ERSBs and child adjustment, as well as aspects of children's self-regulation assessed with two behavioral tasks, the Emotional Go/No-Go task (EGNG) and the AX-Continuous Performance Task (AX-CPT). Results showed a significant increase in reported parent emotion coaching behavior and an uncorrected significant decrease in parents' report of child externalizing problems in intervention participants compared to controls. The behavioral data showed an uncorrected significant improvement in child emotion discrimination in the control condition compared to the intervention condition, while measures of children's executive control improved from baseline to follow-up for both conditions but were not significantly different between conditions. These findings suggest that this emotion-focused parenting intervention contributed to improvement in parents' emotion coaching and their appraisal of child externalizing problems, while children's self-regulation showed mainly normative developmental improvements. Further research with a larger sample will be the next step to determine if these pilot findings are seen in an adequately powered study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sophie S Havighurst
- Mindful: Centre for Training and Research in Developmental Health, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Christian K Tamnes
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,PROMENTA Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Egil Nygaard
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Maria Stavrinou
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Department of Diagnostic Physics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Thomas Espeseth
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Psychology, Bjørknes College, Oslo, Norway
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Kerr KL, Ralph-Nearman C, Colaizzi JM, DeVille DC, Breslin FJ, Aupperle RL, Paulus MP, Morris AS. Gastric symptoms and low perceived maternal warmth are associated with eating disorder symptoms in young adolescent girls. Int J Eat Disord 2021; 54:1009-1018. [PMID: 33836108 PMCID: PMC9945938 DOI: 10.1002/eat.23516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study sought to determine whether gastric symptoms are associated with later eating disorder (ED) symptoms during early adolescence, and whether this relationship is moderated by parental warmth/acceptance and/or the child's sex. METHOD Longitudinal data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive DevelopmentSM Study were utilized. Participants ages 9-10 years old (N = 4,950; 2,370 female) completed measures at baseline and 1 year later (Y1). At baseline, gastric symptoms were measured by parent-reported items from the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), and perceived parental acceptance was measured by youth report on the Children's Report of Parent Behavior Inventory (CRPBI) Acceptance subscale separately for mothers and fathers. ED symptoms at Y1 were assessed by parent report on a computerized version of the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (K-SADS). Linear mixed-effects models were conducted separately for maternal and paternal acceptance to test relationships among variables. RESULTS A three-way interaction between baseline gastric symptoms, sex, and maternal acceptance predicted Y1 ED symptoms (𝛽 = 0.08; p < .01). Post-hoc analyses revealed that the interaction between gastric symptoms and maternal acceptance was significant for girls only (𝛽 = -0.06, p < .01), such that low maternal acceptance was associated with a stronger relationship between baseline gastric symptoms and Y1 ED symptoms. No statistically significant main effects or interactions were found in the model for paternal acceptance. DISCUSSION Gastric symptoms and low perceived maternal acceptance may interact to result in heightened risk for EDs in young adolescent girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kara L. Kerr
- Department of Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma
| | - Christina Ralph-Nearman
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, The University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky,Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, Oklahoma
| | | | - Danielle C. DeVille
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, Oklahoma,Department of Psychology, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, Oklahoma
| | | | - Robin L. Aupperle
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, Oklahoma,Department of Community Medicine, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, Oklahoma
| | - Martin P. Paulus
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, Oklahoma,Department of Community Medicine, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, Oklahoma,Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, California
| | - Amanda Sheffield Morris
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, Oklahoma,Department of Human Development and Family Science, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma
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Otterpohl N, Wild E, Havighurst SS, Stiensmeier-Pelster J, Kehoe CE. The Interplay of Parental Response to Anger, Adolescent Anger Regulation, and Externalizing and Internalizing Problems: A Longitudinal Study. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2021; 50:225-239. [PMID: 33712990 PMCID: PMC8813686 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-021-00795-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies have reported substantive correlations between anger socialization, children’s anger regulation, and internalizing/externalizing problems. However, substantially less is known about the interplay among these constructs during the developmental stage of adolescence, and longitudinal studies on causal relations (i.e., parent-directed, adolescent-directed, or reciprocal effects) are rare. It is also unclear whether the development of internalizing and externalizing problems have similar causal relations. We collected three waves of longitudinal data (Grade 6, Grade 7, Grade 9) from multiple informants. A sample of N = 634 adolescents (mostly 11–12 years at Time 1; 50.6% male) and their parents (predominantly Caucasian with German nationality) completed questionnaires assessing parents’ responses to anger, adolescents’ anger regulation, and adolescents’ internalizing/externalizing problems at each wave. Comparisons of different cross-lagged models revealed reciprocal rather than unidirectional effects. However, we found more parent-directed effects with respect to the development of internalizing problems, whereas relations regarding externalizing problems were more adolescent-directed, i.e., adolescents’ externalizing problems and their anger regulation predicted changes in their parents’ responses to anger across time. Adolescent anger regulation was an important maintaining factor of parents’ responses to anger in later adolescence. Our findings suggest that assumptions regarding bidirectional relations should be emphasized much more in emotion socialization frameworks, particularly for the period of adolescence. Moreover, our study emphasizes the transdiagnostic importance of parents’ responses to anger for both externalizing and internalizing problems and also suggests different underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nantje Otterpohl
- Department of Psychology and Sports, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, 35394, Giessen, Germany.
| | - Elke Wild
- Department of Psychology and Sports, Bielefeld University, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Sophie S Havighurst
- Department of Psychiatry, Mindful-Centre for Training and Research in Developmental Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Christiane E Kehoe
- Department of Psychiatry, Mindful-Centre for Training and Research in Developmental Health, Melbourne, Australia
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Zalewski M, Maliken AC, Lengua LJ, Martin CG, Roos LE, Everett Y. Integrating dialectical behavior therapy with child and parent training interventions: A narrative and theoretical review. CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY-SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/cpsp.12363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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18
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Bonesso S, Gerli F, Zampieri R, Boyatzis RE. Updating the Debate on Behavioral Competency Development: State of the Art and Future Challenges. Front Psychol 2020; 11:1267. [PMID: 32581983 PMCID: PMC7296078 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Emotional, social, and cognitive intelligence competencies have been recognized as the most critical capabilities for organizations to acquire at all levels. For this reason, a wide body of research since the 1980s has demonstrated their positive impact on individual performance, career success, and wellbeing across sectors and professional roles, and a large number of theoretical contributions on how these competencies can be effectively developed has emerged over time. We focus attention on the developmental and learning processes of emotional, social, and cognitive intelligence competencies that occur after formal training or educational courses provided by universities or certified organizations and directed to students or practitioners. Specifically, we conduct an exploratory literature review on the existing academic studies in order to identify the scholars and the pieces of research contributing most to the debate under investigation. This article aims at analyzing this body of research through a systematic review of the literature in order to: (i) provide a comprehensive critical analysis of the distinctive features of the theoretical and methodological frameworks adopted to develop these competencies; (ii) review the contexts in which the training initiatives analyzed by the literature have been delivered and the categories of learner involved; (iii) discuss the learning outcomes of these educational programs and how they have been assessed; (iv) identify gaps and inconsistencies in the current state of the literature, suggesting promising paths for future research; and (v) stimulate insights for educators, human resource managers, executives, and policymakers by organizing and critically analyzing the extant contributions on competency development. This review represents the first attempt to systematize the methodologies of the educational programs for competency development and to assess their effectiveness in order to assist educators and executives in their ongoing efforts to equip students and employees with the relevant skills needed to achieve superior performance in the workplace. At the institutional level, policymakers should promote a dedicated agenda with concrete actions to equip people with emotional and social intelligence competencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Bonesso
- Department of Management, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, Venice, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Gerli
- Department of Management, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, Venice, Italy
| | - Rita Zampieri
- Department of Management, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, Venice, Italy
| | - Richard E. Boyatzis
- Department of Organizational Behavior, Weatherhead School of Management, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
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Abstract
Suicide rates among youths in foster care are among the highest in the United States. Despite this fact, many foster-care agencies do not perform universal suicide-risk assessments as part of routine care. This commentary includes an argument for the importance of implementing universal suicide-risk assessments for youths in foster care. Important contextual information that prevents behavioral-health clinicians from implementing universal suicide screenings of youths in foster care is discussed. Several possible strategies for implementing universal suicide-risk assessments are offered; the pros and cons of each strategy are discussed. The perspectives of multiple stakeholders should be included in the consideration of universal suicide screening for youths in foster care, including behavioral-health providers, primary-care doctors, supervisors, directors of agencies, foster parents, and case managers. Although each of these stakeholders can improve suicide prevention, youths in foster care may not have regular access to each stakeholder. Case managers may be the optimal stakeholders for implementing universal suicide screening because of their frequent access to youths in foster care; therefore, case managers should receive training in suicide-risk assessment and prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lily A Brown
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
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20
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Shaffer A, Fitzgerald MM, Shipman K, Torres M. Let’s Connect: A developmentally-driven emotion-focused parenting intervention. JOURNAL OF APPLIED DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appdev.2019.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Rolock N, Ocasio K, Webb J, Fleary-Simmons D, Cohen L, Fong R. Implementation Science and Prevention in Action: Application in a Post-Permanency World. JOURNAL OF EVIDENCE-BASED SOCIAL WORK (2019) 2019; 16:1-17. [PMID: 30303462 DOI: 10.1080/23761407.2018.1517068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This article describes how implementation science and intervention research guided the process of selecting and implementing an evidence-informed intervention (Tuning in to Teens; TINT). TINT was provided as a selective prevention effort offered to families with youth aged 10 to 13 years old, with characteristics that suggest an elevated risk for post-permanency discontinuity. Usability testing findings: Contact was made with 54% of families, and 12% participated in the intervention. Multivariate results found no statistically significant differences between families who responded to outreach efforts and those who did not; families who participated in TINT and those who did not. Implications: Large public child welfare systems wanting to implement evidence-informed interventions can follow the steps detailed in this paper for selecting, adapting and implementing an intervention. Further, providers that seek to offer post adoption and guardianship services, a growing service need, may gain some insights into activities that promote service usage with this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Rolock
- Helen Bader School of Social Welfare, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Kerrie Ocasio
- Department of Graduate Social Work, West Chester University of Pennslyvania, West Chester, PA, USA
| | - John Webb
- Division of Child Protection & Permanency, Office of Adoption Operations, Trenton, NJ, USA
| | - Dondieneita Fleary-Simmons
- National Quality Improvement Center on Adoption & Guardianship Support and Preservation, Spaulding for Children, Southfield, MI, USA
| | - Leslie Cohen
- National Quality Improvement Center on Adoption & Guardianship Support and Preservation, Spaulding for Children, Southfield, MI, USA
| | - Rowena Fong
- Fellow, American Academy of Social Work and Social Welfare, School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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Martin CG, Kim HK, Freyd JJ. Overwhelmed by Emotion: Pathways from Revictimization to Mothers' Negative Emotional Responsivity. FAMILY PROCESS 2018; 57:947-959. [PMID: 29285758 DOI: 10.1111/famp.12339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Maternal history of childhood abuse has consistently been linked to increased risk for poor emotional adjustment and parenting as an adult. The aim of this study was to examine a model that may explain the link between maternal history of childhood abuse and mothers' tendencies to respond negatively to their adolescent children's negative emotions. A community sample of 66 mothers with adolescent children participated. Path analysis supported associations between mothers with a history of high betrayal trauma revictimization (i.e., trauma perpetrated by someone close to the mother during childhood and again as a young adult) and increased difficulty regulating their emotions. In turn, mothers who struggled to regulate their own emotions were also more likely to respond negatively to their adolescent's negative emotions. Findings highlight effects of childhood trauma may be particularly problematic for mothers who are revictimized as young adults. These results provide the foundation for future research evaluating clinical interventions targeted at increasing maternal emotion regulation skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Gamache Martin
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR
- National Crime Victims Research and Treatment Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Hyoun K Kim
- Oregon Social Learning Center, Eugene, OR
- Department of Child and Family Studies, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
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Colegrove VM, Havighurst SS, Kehoe CE, Jacobsen SL. Pilot randomized controlled trial of Tuning Relationships with Music: Intervention for parents with a trauma history and their adolescent. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2018; 79:259-268. [PMID: 29486348 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2018.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED For parents who have experienced childhood interpersonal trauma, the challenges of parenting an adolescent may trigger memories of abuse, intensifying conflict, resulting in negative cycles of relating and poorer responsiveness to emotions when parenting. This study examined whether Tuning Relationships with Music, a dyadic therapy for parents and adolescents, increased responsive parent-adolescent interactions and parent emotion coaching whilst reducing conflict and adolescent mental health difficulties. Twenty-six parent-adolescent dyads were recruited if parents had a trauma history and the dyad were currently having high levels of conflict. Dyads were randomly allocated into intervention or wait-list control and completed questionnaires and observation assessments at baseline and 4-month post-baseline follow-up. Those allocated to the intervention condition participated in 8 sessions of Tuning Relationships with Music. TRIAL REGISTRATION ANZCTR: 12615000814572. Parents and adolescents reported significant reductions in conflict. Parents in the intervention condition were observed to significantly improve their nonverbal communication, emotional responsiveness and non-reactivity toward their adolescent. Although parents reported they were less dismissive and punitive, and more encouraging of their adolescent's emotions, and both parents and adolescents reported improvements in the adolescent's mental health, these were not statistically significant. Findings suggest Tuning Relationships with Music may assist parents with a history of childhood interpersonal trauma and their adolescent to reduce conflict and increase responsive ways of relating that may positively impact the young person's mental health. Future trials with a larger sample are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivienne M Colegrove
- Mindful Centre for Training and Research in Developmental Health, University of Melbourne, Building C, 50 Flemington Street, Flemington, Melbourne 3031, Australia.
| | - Sophie S Havighurst
- Mindful Centre for Training and Research in Developmental Health, University of Melbourne, Building C, 50 Flemington Street, Flemington, Melbourne 3031, Australia.
| | - Christiane E Kehoe
- Mindful Centre for Training and Research in Developmental Health, University of Melbourne, Building C, 50 Flemington Street, Flemington, Melbourne 3031, Australia.
| | - Stine L Jacobsen
- Music Therapy Program, Department of Communication & Psychology, Aalborg University, Musikkens Plads 1, Aalborg 9000, Denmark.
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Cardamone-Breen MC, Jorm AF, Lawrence KA, Rapee RM, Mackinnon AJ, Yap MBH. A Single-Session, Web-Based Parenting Intervention to Prevent Adolescent Depression and Anxiety Disorders: Randomized Controlled Trial. J Med Internet Res 2018; 20:e148. [PMID: 29699964 PMCID: PMC5945988 DOI: 10.2196/jmir.9499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression and anxiety disorders are significant contributors to burden of disease in young people, highlighting the need to focus preventive efforts early in life. Despite substantial evidence for the role of parents in the prevention of adolescent depression and anxiety disorders, there remains a need for translation of this evidence into preventive parenting interventions. To address this gap, we developed a single-session, Web-based, tailored psychoeducation intervention that aims to improve parenting practices known to influence the development of adolescent depression and anxiety disorders. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the short-term effects of the intervention on parenting risk and protective factors and symptoms of depression and anxiety in adolescent participants. METHODS We conducted a single-blind, parallel group, superiority randomized controlled trial comparing the intervention with a 3-month waitlist control. The intervention is fully automated and consists of two components: (1) completion of an online self-assessment of current parenting practices against evidence-based parenting recommendations for the prevention of adolescent depression and anxiety disorders and (2) an individually tailored feedback report highlighting each parent’s strengths and areas for improvement based on responses to the self-assessment. A community sample of 349 parents, together with 327 adolescents (aged 12-15 years), were randomized to either the intervention or waitlist control condition. Parents and adolescents completed online self-reported assessments of parenting and adolescent symptoms of depression and anxiety at baseline, 1-month (parent-report of parenting only), and 3-month follow-up. RESULTS Compared with controls, intervention group parents showed significantly greater improvement in parenting risk and protective factors from baseline to 1-month and 3-month follow-up (F2,331.22=16.36, P<.001), with a small to medium effect size at 3-month follow-up (d=0.33). There were no significant effects of the intervention on adolescent-report of parenting or symptoms of depression or anxiety in the adolescents (all P>.05). CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that a single-session, individually tailored, Web-based parenting intervention can improve parenting factors that are known to influence the development of depression and anxiety in adolescents. However, our results do not support the effectiveness of the intervention in improving adolescent depression or anxiety symptoms in the short-term. Long-term studies are required to adequately assess the relationship between improving parenting factors and adolescent depression and anxiety outcomes. Nonetheless, this is a promising avenue for the translation of research into a low-cost, sustainable, universal prevention approach. TRIAL REGISTRATION Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12615000247572; https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?ACTRN=12615000247572 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6v1ha19XG)
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Affiliation(s)
- Mairead C Cardamone-Breen
- Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Anthony F Jorm
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Katherine A Lawrence
- Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ronald M Rapee
- Centre for Emotional Health, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Marie Bee Hui Yap
- Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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25
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Camras LA, Halberstadt AG. Emotional development through the lens of affective social competence. Curr Opin Psychol 2017; 17:113-117. [PMID: 28950956 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2017.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Emotion competence, particularly as manifested within social interaction (i.e., affective social competence) is an important contributor to children's optimal social and psychological functioning. In this article we highlight advances in understanding three processes involved in affective social competence: first, experiencing emotions, second, effectively communicating one's emotions, and third, understanding others' emotions. Experiencing emotion is increasingly understood to include becoming aware of, accepting, and managing one's emotions. Effective communication of emotion involves multimodal signaling rather than reliance on a single modality such as facial expressions. Emotion understanding includes both recognizing others' emotion signals and inferring probable causes and consequences of their emotions. Parents play an important role in modeling and teaching children all three of these skills, and interventions are available to aid in their development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda A Camras
- Department of Psychology, DePaul University, Chicago, IL 60614, USA.
| | - Amy G Halberstadt
- Department of Psychology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
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26
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Morey JN, Gentzler AL. Parents' Perceptions of and Responses to Children's Emotions: Relations with Meta-Emotion Philosophy and Adult Attachment. PARENTING, SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2017; 17:73-103. [PMID: 31530998 PMCID: PMC6748337 DOI: 10.1080/15295192.2017.1304782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated how parents' perceptions of, feelings toward, and anticipated responses to children's emotions relate to parents' meta-emotion philosophy (MEP) and attachment. DESIGN Parents (112 mothers and 95 fathers) completed an online research study where they viewed photographs of unfamiliar girls and boys (aged 10 to 14 years) displaying varying intensities of happiness, sadness, fear, anger, and neutral expressions. Parents labeled the emotion, identified the emotion's intensity, and reported their mirrored emotion and responses. They also completed measures assessing their MEP and attachment. RESULTS MEP predicted parents' responses to children's negative emotion, in that greater emotion-coaching predicted greater accuracy in labeling emotions (boys only), a greater likelihood to interact with children, and for mothers to be further from the mean in either direction in their mirrored emotion. Attachment also predicted parents' responses to children's negative emotions: Parents higher in anxiety reported more mirrored emotion, and those higher in avoidance reported less mirrored emotion, lower intensity, and less willingness to interact (boys only). In exploratory models for positive emotion, parents' MEP did not predict their responses, but parents higher in attachment avoidance rated girls' positive emotions as less intense, reported less mirrored emotion, less willingness to interact, and less supportive responses, and those higher in anxiety showed the opposite pattern. CONCLUSIONS Despite methodological limitations, results offer new evidence that parents' ratings on a standardized emotion perception task as well as their anticipated responses toward children's emotion displays are predicted by individual differences in their attachment and MEP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer N Morey
- Thomas Nelson Community College, 931 Templin Hall, 99 Thomas Nelson Drive, Hampton, VA 23666.
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Herrman H, Humphreys C, Halperin S, Monson K, Harvey C, Mihalopoulos C, Cotton S, Mitchell P, Glynn T, Magnus A, Murray L, Szwarc J, Davis E, Havighurst S, McGorry P, Tyano S, Kaplan I, Rice S, Moeller-Saxone K. A controlled trial of implementing a complex mental health intervention for carers of vulnerable young people living in out-of-home care: the ripple project. BMC Psychiatry 2016; 16:436. [PMID: 27927174 PMCID: PMC5142401 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-016-1145-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Out-of-home care (OoHC) refers to young people removed from their families by the state because of abuse, neglect or other adversities. Many of the young people experience poor mental health and social function before, during and after leaving care. Rigorously evaluated interventions are urgently required. This publication describes the protocol for the Ripple project and notes early findings from a controlled trial demonstrating the feasibility of the work. The Ripple project is implementing and evaluating a complex mental health intervention that aims to strengthen the therapeutic capacities of carers and case managers of young people (12-17 years) in OoHC. METHODS The study is conducted in partnership with mental health, substance abuse and social services in Melbourne, with young people as participants. It has three parts: 1. Needs assessment and implementation of a complex mental health intervention; 2. A 3-year controlled trial of the mental health, social and economic outcomes; and 3. Nested process evaluation of the intervention. RESULTS Early findings characterising the young people, their carers and case managers and implementing the intervention are available. The trial Wave 1 includes interviews with 176 young people, 52% of those eligible in the study population, 104 carers and 79 case managers. CONCLUSIONS Implementing and researching an affordable service system intervention appears feasible and likely to be applicable in other places and countries. Success of the intervention will potentially contribute to reducing mental ill-health among these young people, including suicide attempts, self-harm and substance abuse, as well as reducing homelessness, social isolation and contact with the criminal justice system. TRIAL REGISTRATION Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12615000501549 . Retrospectively registered 19 May 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Herrman
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, 35 Poplar Road, Parkville, VIC 3052 Australia
- Orygen The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, 35 Poplar Road, Parkville, VIC 3052 Australia
| | - Cathy Humphreys
- Department of Social Work, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia
| | - Stephen Halperin
- Orygen Youth Health, 35 Poplar Road, Parkville, VIC 3052 Australia
| | - Katherine Monson
- Orygen Youth Health, 35 Poplar Road, Parkville, VIC 3052 Australia
| | - Carol Harvey
- Psychosocial Research Centre Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, 130 Bell Street, Coburg, VIC 3058 Australia
- North Western Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Cathrine Mihalopoulos
- Centre for Population Health Research, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Hwy, Burwood, VIC 3125 Australia
| | - Susan Cotton
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, 35 Poplar Road, Parkville, VIC 3052 Australia
- Orygen The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, 35 Poplar Road, Parkville, VIC 3052 Australia
| | - Penelope Mitchell
- Youth Support and Advocacy Service (YSAS), 131 Johnston Street, Abbotsford, VIC 3065 Australia
| | - Tony Glynn
- Integrated Mental Health Program, Royal Children’s Hospital, 117-129 Warringa Cres, Hoppers Crossing, VIC 3029 Australia
| | - Anne Magnus
- Centre for Population Health Research, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Hwy, Burwood, VIC 3125 Australia
| | - Lenice Murray
- Orygen Youth Health, 35 Poplar Road, Parkville, VIC 3052 Australia
| | - Josef Szwarc
- Foundation House - Victorian Foundation for the Survivors of Torture Inc, 4 Gardiner Street, Brunswick, VIC 3056 Australia
| | - Elise Davis
- The Jack Brockhoff Child Health and Wellbeing Program, Centre for Health Equity, The Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Level 5, 207 Bouverie St, Melbourne, VIC 3010 Australia
| | - Sophie Havighurst
- Department of Psychiatry, Mindful, Centre for Training and Research in Developmental Health, University of Melbourne, Building C, 50 Flemington Street, Flemington, 3031 Australia
| | - Patrick McGorry
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, 35 Poplar Road, Parkville, VIC 3052 Australia
- Orygen The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, 35 Poplar Road, Parkville, VIC 3052 Australia
| | - Sam Tyano
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ida Kaplan
- Foundation House - Victorian Foundation for the Survivors of Torture Inc, 4 Gardiner Street, Brunswick, VIC 3056 Australia
| | - Simon Rice
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, 35 Poplar Road, Parkville, VIC 3052 Australia
- Orygen The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, 35 Poplar Road, Parkville, VIC 3052 Australia
| | - Kristen Moeller-Saxone
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, 35 Poplar Road, Parkville, VIC 3052 Australia
- Orygen The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, 35 Poplar Road, Parkville, VIC 3052 Australia
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Melchior M, van der Waerden J. Parental influences on children's mental health: the bad and the good sides of it. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2016; 25:805-7. [PMID: 27456961 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-016-0891-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Melchior
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP UMRS 1136), 75012, Paris, France.
| | - Judith van der Waerden
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP UMRS 1136), 75012, Paris, France
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Abstract
Recently, there has been a resurgence of research on emotion, including the socialization of emotion. In this article, a heuristic model of factors contributing to the socialization of emotion is presented. Then literature relevant to the socialization of children's emotion and emotion-related behavior by parents is reviewed, including (a) parental reactions to children's emotions, (b) socializers' discussion of emotion, and (c) socializers' expression of emotion. The relevant literature is not conclusive and most of the research is correlational. However, the existing body of data provides initial support for the view that parental socialization practices have effects on children's emotional and social competence and that the socialization process is bidirectional. In particular, parental negative emotionality and negative reactions to children's expression of emotion are associated with children's negative emotionality and low social competence. In addition, possible moderators of effects such as level of emotional arousal are discussed.
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