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Madhavan S, Stewart LC, Birk SL, Nielsen JD, Olino TM. Positive and Negative Life Events in Association with Psychopathology: An Examination of Sex Differences in Early Adolescence. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2024; 55:1431-1440. [PMID: 36809644 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-023-01509-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Negative life events (NLEs) are associated with psychopathology in older adolescents and adults, particularly for women. However, less is known about the association between positive life events (PLEs) and psychopathology. This study examined associations between NLEs, PLEs, and their interaction, and sex differences in associations between PLEs and NLEs on internalizing and externalizing psychopathology. Youth completed interviews about NLEs and PLEs. Parents and youth reported on youth internalizing and externalizing symptoms. NLEs were positively associated with youth-reported depression and anxiety and parent-reported youth depression. Female youth had stronger positive associations between NLEs and youth-reported anxiety than male youth. Interactions between PLEs and NLEs were non-significant. Findings for NLEs and psychopathology are extended to earlier in development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhashini Madhavan
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, 1701 North 13th Street, Weiss Hall, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Lindsey C Stewart
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, 1701 North 13th Street, Weiss Hall, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Samantha L Birk
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, 1701 North 13th Street, Weiss Hall, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Johanna D Nielsen
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, 1701 North 13th Street, Weiss Hall, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Thomas M Olino
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, 1701 North 13th Street, Weiss Hall, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
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Yang J. Childhood maltreatment, peer victimization, borderline personality feature, suicidal risk in adolescents: Direct and indirect associations among developmental trajectories. J Adolesc 2024; 96:1278-1292. [PMID: 38734993 DOI: 10.1002/jad.12337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Childhood maltreatment, peer victimization, and borderline personality traits have all been shown to be linked to suicidal risk. However, there remains a need to illuminate the possible direct and indirect pathways among them from a developmental perspective that could serve as intervention targets. This study thus aimed to investigate the direct and indirect relationships among developmental trajectories of childhood maltreatment, peer victimization, borderline personality feature, and suicidal risk in adolescents. METHODS A total of 1648 Chinese adolescents (48.12% boys; Mage = 13.69; SD = 0.82) in junior middle schools completed self-report measures on three-time points across 1 year. Latent growth curve modeling was used to evaluate the direct and indirect relationships among the developmental trajectories of the aforementioned study variables. RESULTS The developmental trajectories of childhood maltreatment, peer victimization, and borderline personality feature were positively and directly related to the developmental trajectory of suicidal risk; and the developmental trajectories of childhood maltreatment, peer victimization were indirectly related to the developmental trajectory of suicidal risk through the mediating effect of the developmental trajectory of borderline personality feature. CONCLUSIONS The findings elucidated the direct and indirect longitudinal relationships among childhood maltreatment, peer victimization, borderline personality feature, and suicidal risk, highlighting that interventions should target childhood maltreatment, peer victimization, and borderline personality feature to decrease suicidal risk in adolescents with a developmental perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaping Yang
- Department of Psychology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Liwan District Institute for Educational Development Research, Guangzhou, China
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Ying WK, Rahman MM, Kiyu A. Suicide risk among adolescents in Sarawak, Malaysia: prevalence and determining factors. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2024; 0:ijamh-2024-0081. [PMID: 38997223 DOI: 10.1515/ijamh-2024-0081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Adolescent suicide is a significant global public health concern. Although numerous studies have investigated factors that influence the risk of suicide among adolescents around the world, limited data are available in the Malaysian context, especially among the diverse ethnic communities of Sarawak. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with the risk of suicide among adolescents in Sarawak, Malaysia. METHODS A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 1,344 adolescents in Sarawak using face-to-face interviews. Hierarchical binary logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors that determine the risk of suicide among adolescents. RESULTS Two predictive models were constructed. Both models revealed that being female (OR=1.578, 95 % CI: 1.191, 2.092, p=0.001), having Malay ethnicity (OR=1.733, 95 % CI: 1.236, 2.429, p=0.001) and having a disease significantly increased the risk of suicide (OR=1.895, 95 % CI: 1.221, 2.942, p=0.004). In particular, Model 2, which showed a better fit, found that occasional religious practice (OR=1.610, 95 % CI: 1.126, 2.303, p=0.009), poor parental relationships (OR=1.739, 95 % CI: 1.035, 2.922, p=0.037) and higher addiction (OR=1.015, 95 % CI: 1.008, 1.022, p=0.001), depression (OR=1.919, 95 % CI: 1.241, 2.968, p=0.003), and stress (OR=2.707, 95 % CI: 1.689, 4.340, p=0.001) scores were significantly associated with an increased risk of suicide. CONCLUSIONS This study sheds light on multiple factors that contribute to the risk of suicide among adolescents in Sarawak. These findings underscore the importance of holistic prevention strategies, including psychological and social dimensions, to mitigate the risk of suicide in this population. Further research is warranted to understand the complex interplay of these factors and guide the development of targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Md Mizanur Rahman
- Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Malaysia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak 54706 , Kota Samarahan, Malaysia
| | - Andrew Kiyu
- Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Malaysia
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Liu X, Yang Y, Liu ZZ, Jia CX. Life stress and suicidality mediated by insomnia and depressive symptoms in adolescents: a three-wave longitudinal study. Sleep 2024; 47:zsad121. [PMID: 37075813 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsad121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Little empirical work has investigated the associations between life stress (LS), insomnia, depression, and suicidality in multi-wave longitudinal studies. With three waves of data collection 1-year apart, this longitudinal study with a large sample of adolescents examined the predicting effects of LS on suicidality 1-year later and 2 years later and the mediating roles of insomnia and depression in the LS-suicidality link. METHODS A total of 6995 adolescents (mean age = 14.86 years, 51.4% male) participated in a three-wave longitudinal study of behavior and health in Shandong, China. A self-administered structured questionnaire and standardized scales were used to assess suicidality (including suicidal thought [ST], suicide plan [SP], and suicide attempt [SA]), LS, insomnia, and depression in 2015 (T1), 1-year later (T2), and 2 years later (T3). Mediation effects were examined with path models. RESULTS The overall prevalence rates of past-year suicidality were 13.4% at T1, 10.0% at T2, and 9.5% at T3, respectively. The prevalence rates of suicidality across T1-T3 significantly increased with elevated levels of baseline LS, insomnia, and depression (p < .001). Path models indicated that the relationship between baseline LS and suicidal ideation (i.e., ST/SP) 2 years later was significantly mediated by both insomnia and depression. Depression was also a significant mediator between LS and SA. CONCLUSIONS LS is a significant predictor of suicidality 1-2 years later in adolescents. Depression mediates the association between LS and suicidal ideation and suicide attempt while insomnia appears to be a mediator for suicidal ideation rather than suicide attempt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianchen Liu
- Center for Public Health Initiatives, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yanyun Yang
- Department of Educational Psychology and Learning Systems, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Zhen-Zhen Liu
- School of Psychology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Cun-Xian Jia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo Medical College, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Taussig HN, Fulginiti A, Racz SJ, Evans R, Cary Katz C. Long-term impact of the Fostering Healthy Futures for Preteens program on suicide-related thoughts and behaviors for youth in out-of-home care: A randomized controlled trial. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38436484 DOI: 10.1002/ajcp.12745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Youth in out-of-home care are at high risk for suicide-related thoughts and behaviors (STB), yet there are no known efficacious interventions that reduce STB for this population. Fostering Healthy Futures for Preteens (FHF-P) is a 9-month community-based mentoring and skills training preventive intervention for children in out-of-home care. A randomized controlled trial enrolled 156 participants aged 9-11 years who were placed in out-of-home care over the prior year. Participants were 48.9% female, 54.1% Hispanic, 30.1% Black, and 27.1% American Indian. Follow-up interviews, conducted 7-12 years postintervention (85.2% retention rate), asked young adult participants, aged 18-22, to self-report lifetime STB as indexed by non-suicidal self-injury, suicidal thoughts, plans, and/or attempts. There was a nonsignificant reduction in the odds of STB for the intervention group at follow-up (OR = 0.74; CI, 0.32, 1.69). However, FHF-P significantly moderated the effect of baseline STB; control youth who reported baseline STB had 10 times the odds of young adult STB (OR = 10.44, CI, 2.28, 47.78), but there was no increase in the odds of adult-reported STB for intervention youth. Findings suggest that FHF-P buffers the impact of pre-existing STB on young adult STB for care-experienced youth. Further research is needed to identify mechanisms that may reduce STB in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather N Taussig
- Graduate School of Social Work, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado, USA
- Kempe Center, University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Anthony Fulginiti
- Graduate School of Social Work, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Sarah J Racz
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Rhiannon Evans
- Centre for Development, Evaluation, Complexity and Implementation in Public Health Improvement (DECIPHer), Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Colleen Cary Katz
- Silberman School of Social Work, Hunter College, CUNY, New York, New York, USA
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Cen Y, He J, Zhong Y, Zhou J, Zeng J, Huang G, Luo J. The mediating role of sleep problems and depressed mood between psychological abuse/neglect and suicidal ideation in adolescent childhood: a multicentred, large sample survey in Western China. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:64. [PMID: 38262997 PMCID: PMC10804755 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05503-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescent suicidal ideation are associated with factors including psychological abuse/neglect, sleep problems, and depressed mood, but the systematic effects of these factors on suicidal ideation remain unclear, which is a research gap this work aims to fill. METHODS A multi-center, the cluster sampling method was employed to collect general demographic data, such as age, gender, the experience of being left behind, and parents' marital status, from 12,192 students across 17 secondary schools in China. The Child Psychological Abuse and Neglect Scale (CPANS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Chinese version of the Depressed mood, Anxiety and Stress Scale - 21 Items (DASS-21) and Chinese version of Positive and Negative Suicide Ideation Inventory (PANSI) were utilized. Data were analyzed using t-tests, chi-square tests, correlation analyses, and structural equation modeling mediation analyses. RESULTS The prevalence of psychological abuse/neglect and adolescent suicidal ideation was 34.8% and 13%, respectively. This mediation analysis suggests that, in the relationship between psychological abuse/neglect and suicidal ideation, sleep problems and depressed mood play both parallel and sequential mediating roles. CONCLUSION Sleep problems and depressed mood play a mediating role in the development of suicidal ideation in adolescents. Good sleep habits and depressed mood interventions help reduce the risk of suicidal ideation in adolescents who experience psychological neglect/abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Cen
- Mental Health Center, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
- School of Psychiatry, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Jinlong He
- Mental Health Center, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
- School of Psychiatry, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Yunling Zhong
- Mental Health Center, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Jinhui Zhou
- School of Psychiatry, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Jiaxin Zeng
- School of Psychiatry, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Guoping Huang
- School of Psychiatry, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Jiaming Luo
- Mental Health Center, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.
- School of Psychiatry, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.
- Department of Psychiatry, Nanchong Psychosomatic Hospital, Nanchong, China.
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Orak U, Yildiz M, Aydogdu R, Koenig HG, Pietrzak RH. The relationship between combat exposure and suicide risk in U.S. military veterans: Exploring the role of posttraumatic stress symptoms and religious coping. J Affect Disord 2023; 341:77-87. [PMID: 37634819 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.08.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rising suicide rates in the U.S. veteran population are a growing concern. Combat exposure has been identified as a potential predictor of suicide risk, but factors that may mediate the relation between combat exposure and suicide risk, and the role of potential coping mechanisms remain largely understudied. To address this gap, this study examined the association between lifetime combat exposure and current suicide risk; whether this association is mediated by posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms; and whether direct and/or indirect associations with combat exposure are moderated by organizational, non-organizational, and intrinsic religiosity. METHODS Data were analyzed from the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study (2019-2020; n = 3843). Ordinary least squares and conditional process analyses were conducted to evaluate the conditional direct and indirect predictors of suicide risk. RESULTS PTSD symptoms significantly mediated the association between combat exposure and suicide risk. Intrinsic religiosity showed significant moderation and reduced the coefficient of PTSD symptoms predicting suicide risk but increased the coefficient of combat exposure predicting PTSD symptoms. LIMITATIONS In this cross-sectional, observational study, no conclusions can be made regarding causality. CONCLUSIONS Results of this study suggest a multifaceted relationship between combat exposure, PTSD, religiosity/spirituality, and suicide risk in U.S. veterans, and underscore the importance of PTSD and religious coping as part of ongoing suicide prevention efforts in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugur Orak
- Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN, USA.
| | - Muhammed Yildiz
- Applied Sociology Department, Utah Tech University, St. George, UT, USA
| | - Ramazan Aydogdu
- Division of General Education and Health Studies, Baptist Health Sciences University, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Harold G Koenig
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Robert H Pietrzak
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
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Flinkenflügel K, Meinert S, Thiel K, Winter A, Goltermann J, Strathausen L, Brosch K, Stein F, Thomas-Odenthal F, Evermann U, Wroblewski A, Usemann P, Pfarr JK, Grotegerd D, Hahn T, Leehr EJ, Dohm K, Bauer J, Jamalabadi H, Straube B, Alexander N, Jansen A, Nenadić I, Krug A, Kircher T, Dannlowski U. Negative Stressful Life Events and Social Support Are Associated With White Matter Integrity in Depressed Patients and Healthy Control Participants: A Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study. Biol Psychiatry 2023; 94:650-660. [PMID: 37028741 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Negative stressful life events and deprivation of social support play critical roles in the development and maintenance of major depressive disorder (MDD). The present study aimed to investigate in a large sample of patients with MDD and healthy control participants (HCs) whether these effects are also reflected in white matter (WM) integrity. METHODS In this diffusion tensor imaging study, 793 patients with MDD and 793 age- and sex-matched HCs were drawn from the Marburg-Münster Affective Disorders Cohort Study (MACS) and completed the Life Events Questionnaire (LEQ) and Social Support Questionnaire (SSQ). Generalized linear models were performed to test voxelwise associations between fractional anisotropy (FA) and diagnosis (analysis 1), LEQ (analysis 2), and SSQ (analysis 3). We examined whether SSQ interacts with LEQ on FA or is independently associated with improved WM integrity (analysis 4). RESULTS Patients with MDD showed lower FA in several frontotemporal association fibers compared with HCs (pTFCE-FWE = .028). Across both groups, LEQ correlated negatively with FA in widely distributed WM tracts (pTFCE-FWE = .023), while SSQ correlated positively with FA in the corpus callosum (pTFCE-FWE = .043). Modeling the combined association of both variables on FA revealed significant-and antagonistic-main effects of LEQ (pTFCE-FWE = .031) and SSQ (pTFCE-FWE = .037), but no interaction of SSQ × LEQ. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that negative stressful life events and social support are both related to WM integrity in opposing directions. The associations did not differ between patients with MDD and HCs, suggesting more general, rather than depression-specific, mechanisms. Furthermore, social support appears to contribute to improved WM integrity independent of stressful life events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kira Flinkenflügel
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Susanne Meinert
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany; Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Katharina Thiel
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Alexandra Winter
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Janik Goltermann
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Lea Strathausen
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Katharina Brosch
- Department of Psychiatry und Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Frederike Stein
- Department of Psychiatry und Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Florian Thomas-Odenthal
- Department of Psychiatry und Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Ulrika Evermann
- Department of Psychiatry und Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Adrian Wroblewski
- Department of Psychiatry und Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Paula Usemann
- Department of Psychiatry und Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Julia-Katharina Pfarr
- Department of Psychiatry und Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Dominik Grotegerd
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Tim Hahn
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Elisabeth J Leehr
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Katharina Dohm
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Jochen Bauer
- Department of Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Hamidreza Jamalabadi
- Department of Psychiatry und Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Straube
- Department of Psychiatry und Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Nina Alexander
- Department of Psychiatry und Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Jansen
- Department of Psychiatry und Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Core-Facility Brainimaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Igor Nenadić
- Department of Psychiatry und Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Axel Krug
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Tilo Kircher
- Department of Psychiatry und Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Udo Dannlowski
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
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Kim SM, Jeong YM, Park HS, Choi S. Mental health of South Korean adolescents in the COVID-19 Era: Web-based survey focused on suicide-related factors. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2023; 17:117. [PMID: 37833808 PMCID: PMC10576356 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-023-00658-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has negatively impacted many aspects of life. Measures for preventing the spread of COVID-19 (e.g., school lockdowns, remote and hybrid classes, group and outdoor activity restrictions, and social distancing in the classroom and meal time) could have led to adolescents to experience anxiety and depressive symptoms. Such mental health impacts could increase the risk of suicidal ideation in this population. Moreover, according to a report by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, although the total number of suicide deaths in South Korea decreased in 2021, the suicide rate of those aged 10-29 years increased. One factor affecting the result is adolescent mental health by COVID-19. This study examines the mental health status of South Korean adolescents amid the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic, and identifies and analyzes predictors of suicidal ideation, suicide planning, and suicide attempts. METHODS The study used data from 54,948 adolescents who participated in the 2020 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey. Based on their responses to suicide-related questions, the sample was divided into a healthy group, suicide-ideation group, suicide-planning group, and suicide-attempt group. The descriptive statistics of these groups were then analyzed. An analysis of covariance, post-hoc tests, and multiple logistic regression analysis were performed on the four groups. RESULTS Overall, 6.9% of the participants reported suicidal ideation, 2.2% reported planning suicide, and 1.9% reported attempting suicide in the previous 12 months. CONCLUSIONS During the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic, there is a strong need for various individualized programs that identify and intervene to support adolescents at risk of suicide by accurately assessing their mental health risk factors, such as stress, sadness and despair, loneliness, and generalized anxiety disorder. Accordingly, it is necessary to develop and distribute a mental health and well-being curriculum, strengthen suicide prevention programs and support services, expand mental health diagnostic tests, and school-based mental health programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Mi Kim
- Department of Health Management, Jeonju University, 303 Cheonjam-ro, Wansan-gu, Jeonju-si, 55069, South Korea.
| | - Yeong Mi Jeong
- Department of Health & Medical Administration, Gyeongnam Geochang University, Geochang, Gyeongnam, South Korea
| | - Hye Seon Park
- Department of Health & Medical Administration, Gyeongnam Geochang University, Geochang, Gyeongnam, South Korea
| | - Sulki Choi
- College of Applied Health Science, Biomedical Health Information Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1919 W Taylor St, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
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Yıldız M, Orak U, Aydoğdu R. Enduring Effects of Early Life Traumas on Adult Suicidal Ideation. JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT TRAUMA 2023; 16:297-307. [PMID: 37234841 PMCID: PMC10205958 DOI: 10.1007/s40653-022-00482-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to traumas early in life has been found to have a range of negative health effects later in adulthood, including a higher risk for suicidal behavior. Using data from the Waves I (1994/95) and IV (2008) of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (N = 14,385; 49.35% female; Mage in Wave IV = 29), this study examines the effects of exposure to three different types of early life traumas-emotional abuse, physical abuse, and sexual abuse before the age of 18-on adult suicidal ideation. Guided by the stress process model incorporated with a life-course perspective, potential mediating roles of psychological distress, subjective powerlessness, and perceived social rejection were also investigated. A series of regression and Karlson-Holm-Breen (KHB) mediation analyses were performed using Stata 14 to assess the total, direct, and indirect effects. All three early life trauma measures were found to be significantly and independently associated with a higher risk of suicidal ideation in adulthood. A substantive portion (between 30 and 50%) of the effects was mediated by psychological distress (i.e., depression and anxiety), subjective powerlessness, and perceived social rejection. The general policy implications of this study include evaluating suicidal individuals for prior childhood abuse experiences and assessing abuse survivors for suicidality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammed Yıldız
- Applied Sociology and Criminal Justice Department, Utah Tech University, 232 McDonald Center, 84770 St. George, UT USA
| | - Uğur Orak
- Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN USA
| | - Ramazan Aydoğdu
- General Education & Health Sciences Department, Baptist Health Sciences University, Memphis, TN USA
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Ori APS, Wieling M, van Loo HM. Longitudinal analyses of depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation highlight greater prevalence in the northern Dutch population during the COVID-19 lockdowns. J Affect Disord 2023; 323:62-70. [PMID: 36427649 PMCID: PMC9678820 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pandemic of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has led to an increased burden on mental health. AIMS To investigate the development of major depressive disorder (MDD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), and suicidal ideation in the Netherlands during the first fifteen months of the pandemic and three nation-wide lockdowns. METHOD Participants of the Lifelines Cohort Study -a Dutch population-based sample-reported current symptoms of MDD and GAD, including suicidal ideation, according to DSM-IV criteria. Between March 2020 and June 2021, 36,106 participants (aged 18-96) filled out a total of 629,811 questionnaires across 23 time points. Trajectories over time were estimated using generalized additive models and analyzed in relation to age, sex, and lifetime history of MDD/GAD. RESULTS We found non-linear trajectories for MDD and GAD with a higher number of symptoms and prevalence rates during periods of lockdown. The point prevalence of MDD and GAD peaked during the third hard lockdown at 2.88 % (95 % CI: 2.71 %-3.06 %) and 2.92 % (95 % CI: 2.76 %-3.08 %), respectively, in March 2021. Women, younger adults, and participants with a history of MDD/GAD reported significantly more symptoms. For suicidal ideation, we found a significant linear increase over time in younger participants. For example, 20-year-old participants reported 4.14× more suicidal ideation at the end of June 2021 compared to the start of the pandemic (4.64 % (CI: 3.09 %-6.96 %) versus 1.12 % (CI: 0.76 %-1.66 %)). LIMITATIONS Our findings should be interpreted in relation to the societal context of the Netherlands and the public health response of the Dutch government during the pandemic, which may be different in other regions in the world. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed greater prevalence of MDD and GAD during COVID-19 lockdowns and a continuing increase in suicidal thoughts among young adults suggesting that the pandemic and government enacted restrictions impacted mental health in the population. Our findings provide actionable insights on mental health in the population during the pandemic, which can guide policy makers and clinical care during future lockdowns and epi/pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil P S Ori
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, Groningen, the Netherlands; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Martijn Wieling
- University of Groningen, Department of Information Science, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Hanna M van Loo
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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12
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Roth A, Meigen C, Hiemisch A, Kiess W, Poulain T. Associations between Stressful Life Events and Increased Physical and Psychological Health Risks in Adolescents: A Longitudinal Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1050. [PMID: 36673803 PMCID: PMC9858751 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Stressful life events (SLEs) are understood as risk factors for mental and physical health problems, particularly in the vulnerable period of adolescence. Using a longitudinal approach, this study investigated associations between SLE and several negative health outcomes in adolescents. Moderating effects of sociodemographic factors were considered. We analyzed the data of a healthy adolescent sample from the LIFE Child study in Leipzig, Germany (n = 2024, aged 10-18 years). SLEs were measured by a questionnaire, addressing SLEs in the family and the social environment domain. Health-related quality of life (HrQoL), behavioral difficulties and BMI were compared before and after an SLE had occurred. Moderator effects of socioeconomic status (SES), age, and sex were investigated using linear regression models. All considered health parameters had, on average, deteriorated after the occurrence of an SLE in the social environment. Differences in HrQoL before and after an SLE were significantly stronger in girls. Higher SES functioned as a slight protective factor against decreased well-being after an SLE. The findings suggest that SLEs function as risk factors for mental and physical health disadvantages in adolescents. Prevention programs should seek to support adolescents in all age and SES groups affected by SLEs, with a specific focus on girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Roth
- LIFE Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig University, Philipp-Rosenthal-Strasse 27, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christof Meigen
- LIFE Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig University, Philipp-Rosenthal-Strasse 27, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andreas Hiemisch
- LIFE Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig University, Philipp-Rosenthal-Strasse 27, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Women and Child Health, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents and Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig University, Liebigstrasse 20a, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wieland Kiess
- LIFE Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig University, Philipp-Rosenthal-Strasse 27, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Women and Child Health, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents and Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig University, Liebigstrasse 20a, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tanja Poulain
- LIFE Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig University, Philipp-Rosenthal-Strasse 27, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Women and Child Health, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents and Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig University, Liebigstrasse 20a, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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13
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Explainable machine learning framework for predicting long-term cardiovascular disease risk among adolescents. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21905. [PMID: 36536006 PMCID: PMC9763353 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25933-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Although cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide, over 80% of it is preventable through early intervention and lifestyle changes. Most cases of CVD are detected in adulthood, but the risk factors leading to CVD begin at a younger age. This research is the first to develop an explainable machine learning (ML)-based framework for long-term CVD risk prediction (low vs. high) among adolescents. This study uses longitudinal data from a nationally representative sample of individuals who participated in the Add Health study. A total of 14,083 participants who completed relevant survey questionnaires and health tests from adolescence to young adulthood were chosen. Four ML classifiers [decision tree (DT), random forest (RF), extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), and deep neural networks (DNN)] and 36 adolescent predictors are used to predict adulthood CVD risk. While all ML models demonstrated good prediction capability, XGBoost achieved the best performance (AUC-ROC: 84.5% and AUC-PR: 96.9% on testing data). Besides, critical predictors of long-term CVD risk and its impact on risk prediction are obtained using an explainable technique for interpreting ML predictions. The results suggest that ML can be employed to detect adulthood CVD very early in life, and such an approach may facilitate primordial prevention and personalized intervention.
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14
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McRae E, Stoppelbein L, O’Kelley S, Smith S, Fite P. Pathways to Suicidal Behavior in Children and Adolescents: Examination of Child Maltreatment and Post-Traumatic Symptoms. JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT TRAUMA 2022; 15:715-725. [PMID: 35958716 PMCID: PMC9360295 DOI: 10.1007/s40653-022-00439-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Suicide in youth exacts significant personal and community costs. Thus, it is important to understand predisposing risk factors. Experiencing adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), such as child maltreatment (CM-ACE), and the presence of post-traumatic stress disorder has been identified as a risk factor of suicidal behaviors among adults. Theoretical models of suicide suggest that the presence of painful experiences such as CM-ACEs increase the risk of suicidal behaviors. The relation between child maltreatment, post-traumatic stress symptom clusters (PTSS) and suicidal behaviors has not been explicitly examined among youth. The present study examined the relations between CM-ACEs, PTSS clusters, and suicidal behaviors in a clinical population of children. Children, male, ages 6 to 14, enrolled in a residential treatment program completed self-report measures to evaluate variables of interest. Path analyses revealed statistically significant direct effects of CM-ACEs and PTSS clusters on suicidal behaviors. Significant total indirect effects and marginally significant individual indirect effects of intrusion and avoidance symptoms were observed for the relation between CM-ACEs and suicidal behavior. Findings suggest that symptoms associated with specific PTSS clusters might help explain the relation between CM-ACEs and suicidal behavior, and therefore, present important implications for clinical practice and future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth McRae
- The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama US
| | | | - Sarah O’Kelley
- The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama US
| | - Shana Smith
- Jacksonville State University, Jacksonville, Alabama US
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Alvarez-Subiela X, Castellano-Tejedor C, Villar-Cabeza F, Vila-Grifoll M, Palao-Vidal D. Family Factors Related to Suicidal Behavior in Adolescents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:9892. [PMID: 36011528 PMCID: PMC9408664 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19169892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: This research aims to investigate what type of family patterns (specifically attachment, bonding and family functioning) and stressful life events can trigger or protect adolescents from developing suicidal behavior. Methods: For these purposes, a case-control study (adolescents with suicidal behavior vs. paired adolescents with no suicidal behavior) was conducted with one hundred 12 to 17-year-old adolescents (50 controls, 50 cases, 74% females), assessed between 2018 and 2020. Results: Negligent (p < 0.001) or affection-less control bonding (p < 0.001), insecure attachment (p = 0.001) and stressful life events (p < 0.001) revealed to be significant risk factors for suicidal behavior. On the contrary, parents’ care (p < 0.001) and security (p < 0.001) were revealed as protective factors for suicidal behavior. Conclusions: Considering these results, family interventions and improving coping skills seem to be two essential targets for any suicide prevention intervention in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Alvarez-Subiela
- Suicide Conduct Unit, Psychiatry and Psychology Department, Sant Joan de Déu Hospital, 08950 Esplugues del Llobregat, Spain
- Doctoral Program in Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmina Castellano-Tejedor
- Research Group on Stress and Health (GIES), Department of Basic Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- RE-FIT Research Group, Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili & Vall d’Hebron Institute of Research, 08023 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Villar-Cabeza
- Suicide Conduct Unit, Psychiatry and Psychology Department, Sant Joan de Déu Hospital, 08950 Esplugues del Llobregat, Spain
| | - Mar Vila-Grifoll
- Suicide Conduct Unit, Psychiatry and Psychology Department, Sant Joan de Déu Hospital, 08950 Esplugues del Llobregat, Spain
| | - Diego Palao-Vidal
- Doctoral Program in Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Unitat Mixta de Neurociència Traslacional I3PT-INc-UAB, Institut d’Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Sabadell, 08208 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Mental Health, University Hospital Parc Taulí, Sabadell, 08208 Barcelona, Spain
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16
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Que JY, Shi L, Yan W, Chen SJ, Wu P, Sun SW, Yuan K, Liu ZC, Zhu Z, Fan JY, Lu Y, Hu B, Xiao H, Liu ZS, Li Y, Wang GH, Wang W, Ran MS, Shi J, Wing YK, Bao YP, Lu L. Nightmares mediate the association between traumatic event exposure and suicidal ideation in frontline medical workers exposed to COVID-19. J Affect Disord 2022; 304:12-19. [PMID: 35176338 PMCID: PMC8843324 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trauma experience increases the risk of suicidal ideation, but little is known about potentially psychological mechanisms underlying this relationship. This study aims to examine the relationship between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related traumatic event (CTE) exposure and suicidal ideation among hospital workers, and identify mediating roles of sleep disturbances in this relationship. METHODS Workers in seven designated hospitals in Wuhan, China, were invited to participate in an online survey from May 27, 2020, to July 31, 2020. Participants completed a self-report questionnaire to evaluate demographic characteristics, level of CTE exposures, nightmare frequency, insomnia severity, symptoms of depression and anxiety, and suicidal ideation. A series of correlation analyses were performed, and a mediation model was generated to examine correlations between CTE exposure, sleep disturbances, and suicidal ideation. RESULTS A total of 16,220 hospital workers were included in the final analysis, 13.3% of them reported suicidal ideation in the past month. CTE exposure was significantly associated with insomnia severity, nightmare frequency, and suicidal ideation. After controlling potential confounders, nightmares but not insomnia, depression, or anxiety were shown to be independent risk factors for suicidal ideation. Pathway analyses showed that the relationship between CTE exposure and suicidal ideation was fully mediated by nightmares (proportion mediated 66.4%) after adjusting for demographic characteristics and psychological confounders. LIMITATIONS Cross-sectional design precluded the investigation of causal relationships. CONCLUSIONS CTE exposure increases risk of hospital workers' suicidal ideation that is mediated by nightmares, suggesting nightmares intervention might be considered as a component when developing suicide prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Yu Que
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, 51 Huayuanbei Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Le Shi
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, 51 Huayuanbei Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wei Yan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, 51 Huayuanbei Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Si-Jing Chen
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ping Wu
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory on Drug Dependence Research, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Si-Wei Sun
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, 51 Huayuanbei Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Kai Yuan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, 51 Huayuanbei Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhong-Chun Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhou Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing-Yi Fan
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Lu
- Affiliated Wuchang Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Han Xiao
- Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhi-Sheng Liu
- Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Wuhan Mental Health Center, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Gao-Hua Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mao-Sheng Ran
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jie Shi
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory on Drug Dependence Research, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yun Kwok Wing
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yan-Ping Bao
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory on Drug Dependence Research, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Lin Lu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, 51 Huayuanbei Road, Beijing 100191, China; National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory on Drug Dependence Research, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences and PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 100191, China.
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17
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Zou S, Song X, Tan W, Deng F, Zhang H, Xu H, Tao Y, Tang X, Tang X, Xiong P, Huang H, Huang Y, Li L, Yang W, Zeng H, Liu G, Shen X, Zhao H, Chen Y, Yao K, Zhao J, Han W, Zhou J, Hou J, Peng S, Wang Y, Yang Y, Feng Y, Chen L, Yang X, Li S, Luo X, Wang Y, Yin L. Core self-evaluation as mediator between depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation in adolescents. J Affect Disord 2022; 302:361-366. [PMID: 35104465 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.01.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the role of core self-evaluation in mediating between depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation in Chinese adolescents. METHODS We used the cluster sampling method to analyze 11,563 students from five primary and secondary schools in China for depressive symptoms, core self-evaluation, and suicidal ideation using the following scoring scales: Core Self-Evaluation Scale (CSES), Center for Epidemiologic Survey Depression Scale (CES-D), the Second Edition of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI- II), Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED), and Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Checklist (ASLEC). RESULTS The incidence of depression was 29.7%; anxiety, 34.2%; and suicidal ideation, 28.0%. Core self-evaluation was a protective factor for suicidal ideation [OR 0.947, 95% CI 0.937-0.959, p<0.001]. Conversely, depression as measured by the CSES score was a risk factor for suicidal ideation (OR 1.084, 95% CI 1.073-1.096, p<0.001), as were anxiety as measured by the SCARED score (OR 1.011, 95% CI 1.006-1.016, p<0.001) and adolescent life events according to ASLEC score groups (OR 1.524, 95% CI 1.434-1.621, p<0.001). Core self-evaluation mediated the relationship between depression and suicidal ideation with an effect size of 13.9%. CONCLUSIONS Better core self-evaluation is a protective factor against suicidal ideation and mediates the relationship between depression and suicidal ideation. We may be able to reduce the risk of suicidal ideation and therefore suicide among adolescents by improving their core self-evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoukang Zou
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; The Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan 610036, China
| | - Xiaozhen Song
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Wenli Tan
- Chengdu Research Institute of Education Science, Chengdu, Sichuan 610036, China
| | - Fang Deng
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; The Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan 610036, China
| | - Hang Zhang
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Hanmei Xu
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yuanmei Tao
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xian Tang
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhou District, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xiaowei Tang
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Ping Xiong
- Chengdu Engineering Technical Vocational School, Chengdu, Sichuan 610300, China
| | - Huiping Huang
- Sichuan Bright Foreign Language School, Emeishan, Sichuan 614200, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Sichuan Bright Foreign Language School, Emeishan, Sichuan 614200, China
| | - Ling Li
- Sichuan Bright Foreign Language School, Emeishan, Sichuan 614200, China
| | - Wenjuan Yang
- Chengdu Shishi Jincheng Foreign Language School, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, China
| | - Hongping Zeng
- Sichuan Chengdu Zhonghe Vocational High School, Chengdu, Sichuan 610212, China
| | - Gui Liu
- Chengdu Eldo Primary School, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xiaosu Shen
- Majiahe primary school of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan 610043, China
| | - Hongqin Zhao
- Majiahe primary school of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan 610043, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Chengdu Huaxi Primary School, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, China
| | - Kangling Yao
- Shude Xiejin High School, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, China
| | - Jingyi Zhao
- Chengdu Wuhou Experimental Middle School Primaey School, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, China
| | - Wenwen Han
- Yinxing Primary School, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, China
| | - Jingmiao Zhou
- Yinxing Primary School, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, China
| | - Jianmin Hou
- Southwest Jiaotong University Affiliated Middle School, Chengdu, Sichuan 610030, China
| | - Shikun Peng
- Tianfu No.4 High School, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, China
| | - Yadan Wang
- Tianfu No.4 High School, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, China
| | - Yunzhen Yang
- Chengdu Primary School Affiliated To Beijing International Studies University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yi Feng
- Chengdu Shuangqing Primary School, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Chengdu Shuangqing Primary School, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, China
| | - Xiting Yang
- Chengdu Shayan Primary School, Chengdu, Sichuan 610045, China
| | - Shuangshuang Li
- Chengdu Xin Qiao Primary School, Chengdu, Sichuan 610081, China
| | - Xue Luo
- Chengdu Xin Qiao Primary School, Chengdu, Sichuan 610081, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Chengdu Xin Qiao Primary School, Chengdu, Sichuan 610081, China
| | - Li Yin
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; Institute for System Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; Sichuan Clinical Medical Research Center for Mental Disorder, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
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18
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He D, Liu QQ, Jiang F. How is cybervictimization associated with Chinese adolescent suicidal ideation? A moderated mediation analysis. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03044-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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19
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Avci D, Kilic M, Akgul Gundogdu N. Relationship between suicide risk, and violence tendency and eating attitude in working and non-working adolescents: a comparative study. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2022; 27:626-637. [PMID: 34014774 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2021.1921230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Although adolescent suicide rates increase significantly, the suicide risk and associated factors in working adolescents is generally neglected. In the present study, it was aimed to determine suicide risk and related factors such as violence tendency and eating attitude in working and non-working adolescents. This case-control study was conducted with 325 adolescents (161 working adolescents, 164 non-working adolescents) between November 2018 and January 2019, in Turkey. Data were collected using the Personal Information Form, Suicide Probability Scale, Violence Tendency Scale and Eating Attitude Test. In the study, the suicide risk was significantly higher in working adolescents (80.79 ± 29.99) than in non-working adolescents (71.90 ± 26.46). Also, working adolescents were determined to be at more risk in terms of violence tendency, eating disorder and substance use than were non-working adolescents. According to linear regression analysis, sex, mother's attitude, presence of a physical or mental illness, alcohol use, violence tendency and eating attitude were statistically significant predictive factors of suicide risk in working adolescents. Researchers, healthcare professionals, educators and policymakers have important responsibilities to improve the mental health of working adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilek Avci
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, Balikesir, Turkey
| | - Mahmut Kilic
- Faculty of Medicine, Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey
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20
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Cao L. Association between Negative Life Events on Mental Health and College Student Adjustment: A Mediated Moderating Effect. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2021; 2021:4457222. [PMID: 34966523 PMCID: PMC8712160 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4457222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the association between negative life events and college student adjustment and to explore the mediating and moderating effects of social support and grade level in the relationship between the two. Methods. The research was conducted with 1717 college students using the Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Checklist (ASLEC), China College Student Adjustment Scale (CCSAS), and the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS). Results. (1) Negative life events were significantly negative in correlation with adjustment and social support (r = -0.373, -0.174, Ps < 0.001), while social support was significantly positive in correlation with adjustment (r = 0.359, P < 0.001). (2) The main effects of negative life events, social support, and grade on adjustment were significant (effect = -0.190, P < 0.001, 95% CI [-0.288∼-0.092]; effect = 0.307, P < 0.001, 95% CI [0.265∼0.348]; effect = 0.163, P < 0.001, 95% CI [0.126∼0.200]). (3) In the relationship between negative life events and adjustment, social support played a mediating role (effect = -0.054, 95% CI [-0.071∼-0.037]) and grade level played a moderating role (effect = -0.049, P=0.009, 95% CI [-0.085∼-0.012]). Conclusion. Negative life events, social support, and grade level affected college student adjustment, and social support networks for college students should be actively constructed and targeted education should be conducted according to different grade levels, which can promote college student adjustment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Cao
- School of Physical Education, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou 221018, Jiangsu, China
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21
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Chang LY, Chang YH, Wu CC, Chang JJ, Yen LL, Chang HY. Resilience buffers the effects of sleep problems on the trajectory of suicidal ideation from adolescence through young adulthood. Soc Sci Med 2021; 279:114020. [PMID: 34004572 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.114020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine both the between-person and within-person effects of sleep problems on the trajectory of suicidal ideation from ages 14 to 22 and investigate whether resilience moderates the effects. Age and sex differences were explored in the main and interaction effects of sleep problems and resilience on suicidal ideation. METHODS The study sample included 2491 adolescents (1260 males and 1231 females) who participated in a prospective study spanning 2009 through 2016 in northern Taiwan. Sex-stratified multilevel models were used to examine the between-person and within-person effects of sleep problems and the moderating effects of resilience on the trajectory of suicidal ideation in males and females. RESULTS Across adolescents, higher levels of sleep problems contributed to an elevated risk of suicidal ideation for both sexes. Within individuals, a higher risk of suicidal ideation was observed when an adolescent's sleep problems exceeded their typical levels. The within-person effects of sleep problems were further determined to vary by age in males, with the effects gradually decreasing throughout late adolescence but increasing again in young adulthood. The buffering effects of resilience were only observed in females. The relationships between the within-person effects of sleep problems and suicidal ideation were only significant in female adolescents with low levels of resilience. CONCLUSIONS Our findings extend the research by demonstrating both the between-person and within-person association between sleep problems and suicidal ideation. We further revealed age and sex differences in the within-person effects of sleep problems and the buffering effects of resilience. Prevention and intervention programs that target sleep problems could be tailored based on individuals' age, sex, and levels of resilience to prevent suicidal ideation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Yin Chang
- Institute of Health Behaviors and Community Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Han Chang
- Institute of Health Behaviors and Community Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Health Policy and Management, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chen Wu
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Jen Jen Chang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, USA
| | - Lee-Lan Yen
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County, Taiwan; Institute of Health Policy and Management, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Yi Chang
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County, Taiwan
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22
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Panesar B, Rosic T, Rodrigues M, Sanger N, Baptist-Mohseni N, Hillmer A, Chawar C, D'Elia A, Minuzzi L, Thabane L, Samaan Z. The Role of Perceived Social Support in the Association Between Stressful Life Events and Suicidal Behavior. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:699682. [PMID: 34566710 PMCID: PMC8460765 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.699682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Suicide is a serious public health concern for which there have been well-established protective and risk factors reported in literature. There is a lack of evidence on the indirect effects of other variables on these factors. Specifically, the association between stressful life events and suicidal behavior may be affected by perceived social support, but its role in this association is largely uninvestigated. Objectives: Thus, this paper aims to explore the role of perceived social support in the association between stressful life events and suicidal behavior. Perceived social support will be explored as a mediator and as a moderator in this association. Methods: Data were obtained from the Determinants of Suicidal Behavior Conventional and Emergent Risk (DISCOVER), a study conducted to identify risk factors of suicidal behavior. The study participants are individuals with suicide attempts admitted to hospital. Participants (n = 343) were recruited from hospital setting. Suicidal behavior was measured using two outcomes (1) the occurrence of a suicide attempt (2) level of suicide intent as measured by the Pierce Suicide Intent Scale. Perceived social support was measured using the Sarason Social Support Questionnaire. Results: Stressful life events were significantly associated with suicide attempts (OR 1.440, 95% CI 1.440, 1.682, p < 0.001) and perceived social support (B -0.785, 95% CI -1.501, -0.068, p = 0.032). There was no significant mediation effect by perceived social support in the association between stressful life events and suicide attempts (Sobel's test statistic 1.64, p = 0.100). Perceived social support did not moderate the relationship between stressful life events and suicide attempts [(OR 1.007, 95% CI 0.987, 1.027, p = 0.514] or the relationship between stressful life events and level of suicidal intent (B -0.043, 95% CI -0.132, 0.046, p = 0.343). Conclusion: Stressful life events are associated with increased risk of suicide attempts. The study also identified an inverse relationship between stressful life events and perceived social support. These associations were independent of perceived social support. This study highlights the effects of stressful life events on suicide risk is not affected by perceived social support, requiring further investigation into measures to reduce the impact of social stressors on people with risk of suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balpreet Panesar
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Tea Rosic
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Health Research Methodology Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Myanca Rodrigues
- Health Research Methodology Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Nitika Sanger
- Medical Science Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | | | - Alannah Hillmer
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Caroul Chawar
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Alessia D'Elia
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Luciano Minuzzi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Lehana Thabane
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Centre for Evaluation of Medicines, Programs for Assessment of Technology in Health (PATH) Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Zainab Samaan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Centre for Evaluation of Medicines, Programs for Assessment of Technology in Health (PATH) Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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