1
|
Choi SB, Kim JH. Relationship Between Number of Cardiac Rehabilitation Exercise Training Sessions, Muscle Mass, and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Rural Elderly Patients with Coronary Artery Disease. J Multidiscip Healthc 2023; 16:3309-3318. [PMID: 37954469 PMCID: PMC10638896 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s434056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to compare the effects of a cardiac rehabilitation (CR) exercise program on skeletal muscle index (SMI) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in patients aged ≥65 years. Patients and Methods From January 2012 to December 2021, patients living in rural regions aged ≥65 who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and at least one CR exercise session were enrolled. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of the patients who underwent an exercise tolerance test (ETT) at initial and 3-month follow-ups. A total of 36 patients were enrolled who underwent a mean of 6.56 exercise sessions and were divided into groups based on the number of center-based CR (CBCR) sessions: 14 in Group A (≥7 sessions) and 22 in Group B (<7 sessions). In CBCR session, we comprehensively counseled them about their nutrition, smoking cessation et al. Both groups underwent an ETT after 12 weeks. The outcomes were CRF parameters examined by a cardiorespiratory exercise test and the SMI examined by bioimpedance analysis (BIA). Results The number of exercise sessions was significantly correlated with the rate of SMI change. Group A showed significant increases in metabolic equivalent of task (MET), maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), and SMI after 3 months. There were significant differences in the rates of change in MET, VO2max, and SMI between the two groups. Conclusion CRF significantly improved in Group A in a short period. Further studies are required to increase long-term CBCR adherence in elderly patients with AMI in rural regions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seong Bok Choi
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Wonkwang University School of Medicine and Hospital, Iksan-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hee Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Wonkwang University School of Medicine and Hospital, Iksan-si, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Levitan EB, Goyal P, Ringel JB, Soroka O, Sterling MR, Durant RW, Brown TM, Bowling CB, Safford MM. Myocardial infarction and physical function: the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke prospective cohort study. BMJ PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 1:e000107. [PMID: 37920711 PMCID: PMC10618954 DOI: 10.1136/bmjph-2023-000107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Objective To examine associations between myocardial infarction (MI) and multiple physical function metrics. Methods Among participants aged ≥45 years in the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke prospective cohort study, instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), activities of daily living (ADL), gait speed, chair stands, and Short Form-12 physical component summary (PCS) were assessed after approximately 10 years of follow-up. We examined associations between MI and physical function (no MI [n = 9,472], adjudicated MI during follow-up [n = 288, median 4.7 years prior to function assessment], history of MI at baseline [n = 745], history of MI at baseline and adjudicated MI during follow-up [n = 70, median of 6.7 years prior to function assessment]). Models were adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics, health behaviours, depressive symptoms, cognitive impairment, body mass index, diabetes, hypertension, and urinary albumin to creatinine ratio. We examined subgroups defined by age, gender, and race. Results The average age at baseline was 62 years old, 56% were women, and 35% Black. MI was significantly associated with worse IADL and ADL scores, IADL dependency, chair stands, and PCS, but not ADL dependency or gait speed. For example, compared to participants without MI, IADL scores (possible range 0-14, higher score represents worse function) were greater for participants with MI during follow-up (difference: 0.37 [95% CI 0.16, 0.59]), MI at baseline (0.26 [95% CI 0.12, 0.41]), and MI at baseline and follow-up (0.71 [95% CI 0.15, 1.26]), p < 0.001. Associations tended to be greater in magnitude among participants who were women and particularly Black women. Conclusion MI was associated with various measures of physical function. These decrements in function associated with MI may be preventable or treatable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily B. Levitan
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Parag Goyal
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joanna Bryan Ringel
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Orysya Soroka
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Madeline R. Sterling
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Raegan W. Durant
- Division of Preventive Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Todd M. Brown
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - C. Barrett Bowling
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Durham Geriatrics Research Education and Clinical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Monika M. Safford
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhou Z, Ryan J, Nelson MR, Woods RL, Orchard SG, Zhu C, Gilmartin-Thomas JFM, Fravel MA, Owen AJ, Murray AM, Espinoza SE, Ernst ME. The association of allopurinol with persistent physical disability and frailty in a large community based older cohort. J Am Geriatr Soc 2023; 71:2798-2809. [PMID: 37158186 PMCID: PMC10524392 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.18395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The protective effects of allopurinol on physical function in older adults are not well understood, despite its potential to improve functional gains and reduce sarcopenia. This study aims to determine the association between allopurinol, persistent physical disability, and frailty in older gout patients. METHODS This analysis used data from a randomized trial in an older cohort, ASPirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly (ASPREE). ASPREE recruited 19,114 participants aged ≥65 years without prior cardiovascular events, dementia, or independence-limiting physical disability at trial enrolment. This analysis examined the association of baseline and time-varying allopurinol use with persistent physical disability and new-onset frailty in participants with gout at baseline (self-report or use of any anti-gout medications). Frailty was measured using the Fried frailty phenotype (score ≥3/5) and a deficit accumulation frailty index (FI) (score >0.21/1.0). Multivariable Cox proportional-hazards models were used for main analyses. RESULTS This analysis included 1155 gout participants, with 630 taking allopurinol at baseline and 525 not. During a median follow-up of 5.7 years, 113 new allopurinol users were identified. Compared with nonusers, baseline allopurinol use was associated with a significant risk reduction of persistent physical disability (Adjusted HR 0.46, 95% CI 0.23-0.92, p = 0.03). The strength of the association was modestly attenuated in the time-varying analysis (Adjusted HR 0.56, 0.29-1.08, p = 0.08). No significant associations with frailty measures were observed for either baseline allopurinol use (Fried frailty: Adjusted HR 0.83, 0.62-1.12; FI: Adjusted HR 0.96, 0.74-1.24) or time-varying allopurinol use (Fried frailty: Adjusted HR 0.92, 0.69-1.24; FI: Adjusted HR 1.02, 0.78-1.33). CONCLUSIONS Allopurinol use in older adults with gout is associated with a reduced risk of persistent physical disability but not associated with risk of frailty.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhou
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Joanne Ryan
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Mark R. Nelson
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Robyn L. Woods
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Suzanne G. Orchard
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Chao Zhu
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Julia F-M Gilmartin-Thomas
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Institute for Health & Sport, Victoria University, VIC, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science, VIC, Australia
| | - Michelle A. Fravel
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa, IA, USA
| | - Alice J. Owen
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Anne M. Murray
- Berman Center for Outcomes & Clinical Research, Hennepin HealthCare Research Institute, and Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Division, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Sara E. Espinoza
- University of Texas Health Science Center and Geriatric Research, Education & Clinical Center, San Antonio and South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Michael E. Ernst
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa, IA, USA
- Department of Family Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa, IA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Nguyen DD, Spertus JA, Alexander KP, Newman JD, Dodson JA, Jones PG, Stevens SR, O'Brien SM, Gamma R, Perna GP, Garg P, Vitola JV, Chow BJW, Vertes A, White HD, Smanio PEP, Senior R, Held C, Li J, Boden WE, Mark DB, Reynolds HR, Bangalore S, Chan PS, Stone GW, Arnold SV, Maron DJ, Hochman JS. Health Status and Clinical Outcomes in Older Adults With Chronic Coronary Disease: The ISCHEMIA Trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 2023; 81:1697-1709. [PMID: 37100486 PMCID: PMC10902923 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2023.02.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whether initial invasive management in older vs younger adults with chronic coronary disease and moderate or severe ischemia improves health status or clinical outcomes is unknown. OBJECTIVES The goal of this study was to examine the impact of age on health status and clinical outcomes with invasive vs conservative management in the ISCHEMIA (International Study of Comparative Health Effectiveness with Medical and Invasive Approaches) trial. METHODS One-year angina-specific health status was assessed with the 7-item Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ) (score range 0-100; higher scores indicate better health status). Cox proportional hazards models estimated the treatment effect of invasive vs conservative management as a function of age on the composite clinical outcome of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or hospitalization for resuscitated cardiac arrest, unstable angina, or heart failure. RESULTS Among 4,617 participants, 2,239 (48.5%) were aged <65 years, 1,713 (37.1%) were aged 65 to 74 years, and 665 (14.4%) were aged ≥75 years. Baseline SAQ summary scores were lower in participants aged <65 years. Fully adjusted differences in 1-year SAQ summary scores (invasive minus conservative) were 4.90 (95% CI: 3.56-6.24) at age 55 years, 3.48 (95% CI: 2.40-4.57) at age 65 years, and 2.13 (95% CI: 0.75-3.51) at age 75 years (Pinteraction = 0.008). Improvement in SAQ Angina Frequency was less dependent on age (Pinteraction = 0.08). There were no age differences between invasive vs conservative management on the composite clinical outcome (Pinteraction = 0.29). CONCLUSIONS Older patients with chronic coronary disease and moderate or severe ischemia had consistent improvement in angina frequency but less improvement in angina-related health status with invasive management compared with younger patients. Invasive management was not associated with improved clinical outcomes in older or younger patients. (International Study of Comparative Health Effectiveness with Medical and Invasive Approaches [ISCHEMIA]; NCT01471522).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan D Nguyen
- Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, Missouri, USA; University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA.
| | - John A Spertus
- Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, Missouri, USA; University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | | | - Jonathan D Newman
- New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - John A Dodson
- New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Philip G Jones
- Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, Missouri, USA; University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | | | - Sean M O'Brien
- Duke Clnical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Reto Gamma
- Department of Cardiology, Swiss Cardiovascular Centre, University Hospital Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Gian P Perna
- Department of Cardiology, Ospedali Riuniti Ancona, Ancona, Italy
| | - Pallav Garg
- London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | - Andras Vertes
- Dél-pesti Centrumkóház Hospital, National Institute of Hematology and Infectious Disease, Cardiovascular Department, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Harvey D White
- Green Lane Cardiovascular Services, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand; University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Paola E P Smanio
- Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia e Fleury Medicina e Saúde, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roxy Senior
- Department of Medicine, Northwick Park Hospital-Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Claes Held
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jianghao Li
- Duke Clnical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - William E Boden
- Veteran Affairs, New England Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Daniel B Mark
- Duke Clnical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Harmony R Reynolds
- New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sripal Bangalore
- New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Paul S Chan
- Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, Missouri, USA; University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Gregg W Stone
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA; Cardiovascular Research Foundation, New York, New York, USA
| | - Suzanne V Arnold
- Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, Missouri, USA; University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - David J Maron
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Judith S Hochman
- New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Agarkov NM, Osipova OA, Shurygin SN, Kolpina LV, Kolomiets VI. Activities of Daily Living Index in elderly patients with hypertension and frailty syndrome after non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction. КАРДИОВАСКУЛЯРНАЯ ТЕРАПИЯ И ПРОФИЛАКТИКА 2023. [DOI: 10.15829/1728-8800-2023-3363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim. To analyze Barthel Index of Activities of Daily Living (ADL) in elderly patients with hypertension (HTN) and frailty 6 months after non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction non-STEMI).Material and methods. ADL was studied in 114 elderly patients (60-74 years old) with non-STEMI, HN and frailty and 80 patients of the same age with non-STEMI and HTN, but without frailty. ADL was determined 6 months after suffering non-STEMI.Results. ADL in patients with frailty was reduced to a greater extent (55,8 [52,4-57,9]) than in non-frail patients (72,9 [70,3-78,6]) (p<0,01). According to factor analysis, ADL reduction in frail patients compared with non-frail patients was mainly due to bed-chair transfer — 6,4 [6,2- 6,8] vs 9,8 [8,1-11,5] (p<0,001), walking test — 8,1 [8,0-8,5] vs 10,6 [9,4-12,7] (p<0,001), stair climbing — 5,3 [5,1-5,7] vs 7,4 [6,8-8,9] (p<0,001). ADL in patients with frailty and blood pressure (BP) <160/100 mm Hg was 62,1 [60,3-69,9], which is significantly higher than in frail patients with BP ≥160/100 mm Hg (48,0 [36,3-53,2]) (p<0,01).Conclusion. In frail patients aged 60-74 years, compared with non- frail patients, 6 months after non-STEMI, ADL was significantly lower in such components as stair climbing, walking, and bed-chair transfer. In patients with frailty and BP <160/100 mm Hg, ADL is significantly higher than in patients with higher blood pressure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N. M. Agarkov
- Southwest State University;
Belgorod State National Research University
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhu C, Tran PM, Leifheit EC, Spatz ES, Dreyer RP, Nyhan K, Wang SY, Lichtman JH. Association of marital/partner status and patient-reported outcomes following myocardial infarction: a systematic review and meta-analysis. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL OPEN 2023; 3:oead018. [PMID: 36942107 PMCID: PMC10023828 DOI: 10.1093/ehjopen/oead018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Little is known about the relationship between marital/partner status and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) following myocardial infarction (MI). We conducted a systematic review/meta-analysis and explored potential sex differences. METHODS AND RESULTS We searched five databases (Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE, and PsycINFO) from inception to 27 July 2022. Peer-reviewed studies of MI patients that evaluated marital/partner status as an independent variable and reported its associations with defined PROMs were eligible for inclusion. Results for eligible studies were classified into four pre-specified outcome domains [health-related quality of life (HRQoL), functional status, symptoms, and personal recovery (i.e. self-efficacy, adherence, and purpose/hope)]. Study quality was appraised using Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, and data were synthesized by outcome domains. We conducted subgroup analysis by sex. We included 34 studies (n = 16 712), of which 11 were included in meta-analyses. Being married/partnered was significantly associated with higher HRQoL {six studies [n = 2734]; pooled standardized mean difference, 0.37 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.12-0.63], I 2 = 51%} but not depression [three studies (n = 2005); pooled odds ratio, 0.72 (95% CI, 0.32-1.64); I 2 = 65%] or self-efficacy [two studies (n = 356); pooled β, 0.03 (95% CI, -0.09 to 0.14); I 2 = 0%]. The associations of marital/partner status with functional status, personal recovery outcomes, and symptoms of anxiety and fatigue were mixed. Sex differences were not evident due to mixed results from the available studies. CONCLUSIONS Married/partnered MI patients had higher HRQoL than unpartnered patients, but the associations with functional, symptom, and personal recovery outcomes and sex differences were less clear. Our findings inform better methodological approaches and standardized reporting to facilitate future research on these relationships.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cenjing Zhu
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, 60 College Street, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Phoebe M Tran
- Department of Public Health, University of Tennessee, 1914 Andy Holt Ave, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Erica C Leifheit
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, 60 College Street, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Erica S Spatz
- Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale School of Medicine, 195 Church St., 5th Floor, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Rachel P Dreyer
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, 60 College Street, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Kate Nyhan
- Harvey Cushing/John Hay Whitney Medical Library, Yale University, 333 Cedar St, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, 60 College Street, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Shi-Yi Wang
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, 60 College Street, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Murugiah K, Chen L, Dreyer RP, Bouras G, Safdar B, Khera R, Lu Y, Spatz ES, Ng VG, Gupta A, Bueno H, Tweet MS, Spertus JA, Hayes SN, Lansky A, Krumholz HM. Health status outcomes after spontaneous coronary artery dissection and comparison with other acute myocardial infarction: The VIRGO experience. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0265624. [PMID: 35320296 PMCID: PMC8942215 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Data on health status outcomes after spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) are limited. Methods and findings Using the Variation in Recovery: Role of Gender on Outcomes of Young AMI Patients (VIRGO) study we compared patients with SCAD and other acute myocardial infarction (AMI) at presentation (baseline), 1-month, and-12 months using standardized health status instruments. Among 3572 AMI patients ≤ 55 years, 67 had SCAD. SCAD patients were younger (median age (IQR) 45 (40.5–51) years vs. 48 (44–52) in other AMI, p = 0.003), more often female (92.5% vs. 66.6%), have college education (73.1% vs. 51.7%) and household income >$100,000 (43.3% vs. 17.7% (All p<0.001). SCAD patients at baseline had higher mean ± SD Short Form-12 [SF-12] physical component scores [PCS] (48.7±10.2 vs. 43.8±12.1, p<0.001) and mental component scores [MCS] (49.6±12.4 vs. 45.4±12.5, p = 0.008), and at 12-months [PCS (50.1±9.0 vs. 44.3±12.3, p<0.001) and MCS (53±10.1 vs 50.2±11.0, p = 0.045)]. The Euro-Quality of Life Scale [EQ-5D] VAS and EQ-5D index scores were similar at baseline, but higher at 12-months for SCAD (EQ-5D VAS: 82.2±10.2 vs. 72.3±21.0, p<0.001; EQ-5D index scores; 90.2±15.3 vs. 83.7±19.8, p = 0.012). SCAD patients had better baseline Seattle Angina Questionnaire [SAQ] physical limitation (88.8±20.1 vs. 81.2±25.4, p = 0.017). At 12-months SCAD patients had better physical limitation (98.0±8.5 vs. 91.4±18.8, p = 0.007), angina frequency (96.4±8.8 vs. 91.3±16.8, p = 0.018) and quality of life scores (80.7±14.7 vs 72.2±23.2, p = 0.005). Magnitude of change in health status from baseline to 12-months was not statistically different between the groups. After adjustment for time and comorbidities there remained no difference in most health status outcomes. Conclusions SCAD patients fare marginally better than other AMI patients on most health status instruments and have similar 12-month health status recovery. Better pre-event health status suggests a need to modify exercise prescriptions and cardiac rehabilitation protocols to better assist this physically active population to recover.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karthik Murugiah
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States of America
- Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Lian Chen
- Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Rachel P. Dreyer
- Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, United States of America
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | | | - Basmah Safdar
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Rohan Khera
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States of America
- Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Yuan Lu
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States of America
- Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Erica S. Spatz
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States of America
- Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Vivian G. Ng
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Aakriti Gupta
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Smidt Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Héctor Bueno
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigacion i+12 and Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marysia S. Tweet
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - John A. Spertus
- Saint Luke’s Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, MO, United States of America
- University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, United States of America
| | - Sharonne N. Hayes
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Alexandra Lansky
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Harlan M. Krumholz
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States of America
- Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, United States of America
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Active Lifestyle Post First Myocardial Infarction: A Comparison between Participants and Non-Participants of a Structured Cardiac Rehabilitation Program. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19063617. [PMID: 35329304 PMCID: PMC8955239 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Following myocardial infarction (MI), impaired physical, mental, and cognitive functions can reduce participation in the community and diminish quality of life. This study aims to assess active lifestyle participation and functional performance in patients who were participants and non-participants in cardiac rehabilitation. A total of 71 patients were recruited, 6-10 months after the MI event; 38 chose to participate in a cardiac rehabilitation (CR) program, and 33 did not (NCR). Participation and activity patterns in instrumental activities of daily living, as well as physically demanding leisure activities and social activities, were evaluated using the Activity Card Sort (ACS). Hand grip force and timed up and go (TUG) were tested. A total of 74% of the CR group met physical activity recommendations and only 34% continued to smoke, compared to 39% and 71% in the NCR group, respectively. The CR group, compared to the NCR group, had higher levels of daily activity, social leisure, and physically demanding leisure activities (p ≤ 0.001). Null differences between the NCR and CR groups were observed in grip strength and the TUG tests. The study highlighted community participation after MI. Based on a comparison between the groups, the study implies that patients choosing to participate in CR retained higher community participation levels and had better self-management of cardiovascular risk factors.
Collapse
|
9
|
Tetzlaff J, Tetzlaff F, Geyer S, Sperlich S, Epping J. Widening or narrowing income inequalities in myocardial infarction? Time trends in life years free of myocardial infarction and after incidence. Popul Health Metr 2021; 19:47. [PMID: 34952590 PMCID: PMC8709953 DOI: 10.1186/s12963-021-00280-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite substantial improvements in prevention and therapy, myocardial infarction (MI) remains a frequent health event, causing high mortality and serious health impairments. Previous research lacks evidence on how social inequalities in incidence and mortality risks developed over time, and on how these developments affect the lifespan free of MI and after MI in different social subgroups. This study investigates income inequalities in MI-free life years and life years after MI and whether these inequalities widened or narrowed over time. METHODS The analyses are based on claims data of a large German health insurance provider insuring approximately 2.8 million individuals in the federal state Lower Saxony. Trends in income inequalities in incidence and mortality were assessed for all subjects aged 60 years and older by comparing the time periods 2006-2008 and 2015-2017 using multistate survival models. Trends in the number of life years free of MI and after MI were calculated separately for income groups by applying multistate life table analyses. RESULTS MI incidence and mortality risks decreased over time, but declines were strongest among men and women in the higher-income group. While life years free of MI increased in men and women with higher incomes, no MI-free life years were gained in the low-income group. Among men, life years after MI increased irrespective of income group. CONCLUSIONS Income inequalities in the lifespan spent free of MI and after MI widened over time. In particular, men with low incomes are disadvantaged, as life years spent after MI increased, but no life years free of MI were gained.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Tetzlaff
- Medical Sociology Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany.
| | - Fabian Tetzlaff
- Institute for General Practice, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Siegfried Geyer
- Medical Sociology Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | | | - Jelena Epping
- Medical Sociology Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
LEE TM, LEE CC, HARN HJ, Chiou TW, CHUANG MH, CHEN CH, CHUANG CH, LIN PC, LIN SZ. Intramyocardial injection of human adipose-derived stem cells ameliorates cognitive deficit by regulating oxidative stress-mediated hippocampal damage after myocardial infarction. J Mol Med (Berl) 2021; 99:1815-1827. [PMID: 34633469 PMCID: PMC8599314 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-021-02135-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive impairment is a serious side effect of post-myocardial infarction (MI) course. We have recently demonstrated that human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) ameliorated myocardial injury after MI by attenuating reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Here, we studied whether the beneficial effects of intramyocardial hADSC transplantation can extend to the brain and how they may attenuate cognitive dysfunction via modulating ROS after MI. After coronary ligation, male Wistar rats were randomized via an intramyocardial route to receive either vehicle, hADSC transplantation (1 × 106 cells), or the combination of hADSCs and 3-Morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1, a peroxynitrite donor). Whether hADSCs migrated into the hippocampus was assessed by using human-specific primers in qPCR reactions. Passive avoidance test was used to assess cognitive performance. Postinfarction was associated with increased oxidative stress in the myocardium, circulation, and hippocampus. This was coupled with decreased numbers of dendritic spines as well as a significant downregulation of synaptic plasticity consisting of synaptophysin and PSD95. Step-through latency during passive avoidance test was impaired in vehicle-treated rats after MI. Intramyocardial hADSC injection exerted therapeutic benefits in improving cardiac function and cognitive impairment. None of hADSCs was detected in rat's hippocampus at the 3rd day after intramyocardial injection. The beneficial effects of hADSCs on MI-induced histological and cognitive changes were abolished after adding SIN-1. MI-induced ROS attacked the hippocampus to induce neurodegeneration, resulting in cognitive deficit. The remotely intramyocardial administration of hADSCs has the capacity of improved synaptic neuroplasticity in the hippocampus mediated by ROS, not the cell engraftment, after MI. KEY MESSAGES: Human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) ameliorated injury after myocardial infarction by attenuating reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Intramyocardial administration of hADSCs remotely exerted therapeutic benefits in improving cognitive impairment after myocardial infarction. The improved synaptic neuroplasticity in the hippocampus was mediated by hADSC-inhibiting ROS, not by the stem cell engraftment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Horng-Jyh HARN
- Bioinnovation Center, Tzu Chi Foundation, Department of Pathology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Tzyy-Wen Chiou
- Department of Life Science and Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsi CHUANG
- Department of Technology Management, Chung Hua University, Hsinchu City, Taiwan
- Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Po-Cheng LIN
- Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong LIN
- Bioinnovation Center, Tzu Chi Foundation, Department of Neurosurgery, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Tzu Chi University, No.707, Sec. 3, Chung Yang Rd. 970, Hualien, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Dreyer RP, Raparelli V, Tsang SW, D'Onofrio G, Lorenze N, Xie CF, Geda M, Pilote L, Murphy TE. Development and Validation of a Risk Prediction Model for 1-Year Readmission Among Young Adults Hospitalized for Acute Myocardial Infarction. J Am Heart Assoc 2021; 10:e021047. [PMID: 34514837 PMCID: PMC8649501 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.121.021047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Readmission over the first year following hospitalization for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is common among younger adults (≤55 years). Our aim was to develop/validate a risk prediction model that considered a broad range of factors for readmission within 1 year. Methods and Results We used data from the VIRGO (Variation in Recovery: Role of Gender on Outcomes of Young AMI Patients) study, which enrolled young adults aged 18 to 55 years hospitalized with AMI across 103 US hospitals (N=2979). The primary outcome was ≥1 all‐cause readmissions within 1 year of hospital discharge. Bayesian model averaging was used to select the risk model. The mean age of participants was 47.1 years, 67.4% were women, and 23.2% were Black. Within 1 year of discharge for AMI, 905 (30.4%) of participants were readmitted and were more likely to be female, Black, and nonmarried. The final risk model consisted of 10 predictors: depressive symptoms (odds ratio [OR], 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01–1.05), better physical health (OR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.97–0.99), in‐hospital complication of heart failure (OR, 1.44; 95% CI, 0.99–2.08), chronic obstructive pulmomary disease (OR, 1.29; 95% CI, 0.96–1.74), diabetes mellitus (OR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.00–1.52), female sex (OR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.05–1.65), low income (OR, 1.13; 95% CI, 0.89–1.42), prior AMI (OR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.15–1.87), in‐hospital length of stay (OR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.04–1.23), and being employed (OR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.69–1.12). The model had excellent calibration and modest discrimination (C statistic=0.67 in development/validation cohorts). Conclusions Women and those with a prior AMI, increased depressive symptoms, longer inpatient length of stay and diabetes may be more likely to be readmitted. Notably, several predictors of readmission were psychosocial characteristics rather than markers of AMI severity. This finding may inform the development of interventions to reduce readmissions in young patients with AMI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel P Dreyer
- Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale - New Haven Hospital New Haven CT.,Department of Emergency Medicine Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT
| | - Valeria Raparelli
- Department of Translational Medicine University of Ferrara Ferrara Italy.,Department of Nursing University of Alberta Edmonton Canada.,University Center for Studies on Gender Medicine University of Ferrara Ferrara Italy
| | - Sui W Tsang
- Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT
| | - Gail D'Onofrio
- Department of Emergency Medicine Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT
| | - Nancy Lorenze
- Program on Aging Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT
| | - Catherine F Xie
- Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT
| | - Mary Geda
- Program on Aging Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT
| | - Louise Pilote
- Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation McGill University Health Centre Research Institute Montreal Quebec Canada.,Divisions of Clinical Epidemiology and General Internal Medicine McGill University Health Centre Research Institute Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Terrence E Murphy
- Program on Aging Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Serrano-Rosa MÁ, León-Zarceño E, Giglio C, Boix-Vilella S, Moreno-Tenas A, Pamies-Aubalat L, Arrarte V. Psychological State after an Acute Coronary Syndrome: Impact of Physical Limitations. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18126473. [PMID: 34203851 PMCID: PMC8296290 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18126473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate how physical limitations after ACS influence patients' quality of life and health perception. This was a longitudinal clinical study. We recruited 146 patients diagnosed with ACS. The patients performed a stress test (Bruce's protocol) for the evaluation of physical limitations and were classified according to the test result: without physical limitations (more than 10 METS), with some physical limitations (7 to 9 METS), and with high physical limitations (less than 6 METS). Significant differences were found between the three groups immediately after the diagnosis of ACS and after a period of three months, regarding health perception, anxiety, depression, sexual relationships, distress, and adjustment to disease. These differences resulted larger between the group with less limitations and the group with higher limitations. After 3 months, however, there was an overall improvement in all variables. In conclusion, physical limitations after ACS seem to influence perceived quality of life determined by measuring general health, vitality, total adaptation, emotional role, social adaptation, depression, and anxiety. Therefore, the highest the physical limitations, the poorer the psychological conditions and vice versa, even 3 months after ACS diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Eva León-Zarceño
- Departamento de Ciencias del Comportamiento y Salud, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, 03202 Elche, Spain; (A.M.-T.); (L.P.-A.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Cristina Giglio
- Department of Psychobiology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (M.-Á.S.-R.); (C.G.)
| | - Salvador Boix-Vilella
- Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales, Universidad Isabel I. Burgos, 09003 Burgos, Spain;
| | - Antonio Moreno-Tenas
- Departamento de Ciencias del Comportamiento y Salud, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, 03202 Elche, Spain; (A.M.-T.); (L.P.-A.)
| | - Lidia Pamies-Aubalat
- Departamento de Ciencias del Comportamiento y Salud, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, 03202 Elche, Spain; (A.M.-T.); (L.P.-A.)
| | - Vicente Arrarte
- Cardiology Unit, Hospital of Alicante, 03010 Alicante, Spain;
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Cyr S, Guo DX, Marcil MJ, Dupont P, Jobidon L, Benrimoh D, Guertin MC, Brouillette J. Posttraumatic stress disorder prevalence in medical populations: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2021; 69:81-93. [PMID: 33582645 DOI: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2021.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE PTSD is increasingly recognized following medical traumas although is highly heterogeneous. It is difficult to judge which medical contexts have the most traumatic potential and where to concentrate further research and clinical attention for prevention, early detection and treatment. The objective of this study was to compare PTSD prevalence in different medical populations. METHODS A systematic review of the literature on PTSD following medical traumas was conducted as well as a meta-analysis with final pooled result and 95% confidence intervals presented. A meta-regression was used to investigate the impact of potential effect modifiers (PTSD severity, age, sex, timeline) on study effect size between prevalence studies. RESULTS From 3278 abstracts, the authors extracted 292 studies reporting prevalence. Using clinician-administered reports, the highest 24 month or longer PTSD prevalence was found for intraoperative awareness (18.5% [95% CI=5.1%-36.6%]) and the lowest was found for epilepsy (4.5% [95% CI=0.2%-12.6%]). In the overall effect of the meta-regression, only medical events or procedures emerged as significant (p = 0.006) CONCLUSION: This review provides clinicians with greater awareness of medical contexts most associated with PTSD, which may assist them in the decision to engage in more frequent, earlier screening and referral to mental health services.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Cyr
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - De Xuan Guo
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marie-Joëlle Marcil
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Patrice Dupont
- Health Sciences Library, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Laurence Jobidon
- Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - David Benrimoh
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Marie-Claude Guertin
- Montreal Health Innovations Coordinating Center, Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Judith Brouillette
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Tetzlaff J, Geyer S, Westhoff-Bleck M, Sperlich S, Epping J, Tetzlaff F. Social inequalities in mild and severe myocardial infarction: how large is the gap in health expectancies? BMC Public Health 2021; 21:259. [PMID: 33526035 PMCID: PMC7852180 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10236-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute myocardial infarction (MI) remains a frequent health event and a major contributor to long-term impairments globally. So far, research on social inequalities in MI incidence and mortality with respect to MI severity is limited. Furthermore, evidence is lacking on disparities in the length of life affected by MI. This study investigates social inequalities in MI incidence and mortality as well as in life years free of MI and affected by the consequences of mild or severe MI. METHODS The study is based on data of a large German statutory health insurance provider covering the years 2008 to 2017 (N = 1,253,083). Income inequalities in MI incidence and mortality risks and in life years with mild or severe MI and without MI were analysed using multistate analyses. The assessment of MI severity is based on diagnosed heart failure causing physical limitations. RESULTS During the study period a total of 39,832 mild MI, 22,844 severe MI, 276,582 deaths without MI, 15,120 deaths after mild MI and 16,495 deaths after severe MI occurred. Clear inequalities were found in MI incidence and mortality, which were strongest among men and in severe MI incidence. Moreover, substantial inequalities were found in life years free of MI in both genders to the disadvantage of those with low incomes and increased life years after mild MI in men with higher incomes. Life years after severe MI were similar across income groups. CONCLUSIONS Social inequalities in MI incidence and mortality risks led to clear disparities in the length of life free of MI with men with low incomes being most disadvantaged. Our findings stress the importance of primary and secondary prevention focusing especially on socially disadvantaged groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Tetzlaff
- Medical Sociology Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany.
| | - Siegfried Geyer
- Medical Sociology Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | | | | | - Jelena Epping
- Medical Sociology Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Fabian Tetzlaff
- Institute for General Practice, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Hajduk AM, Dodson JA, Murphy TE, Tsang S, Geda M, Ouellet GM, Gill TM, Brush JE, Chaudhry SI. Risk Model for Decline in Activities of Daily Living Among Older Adults Hospitalized With Acute Myocardial Infarction: The SILVER-AMI Study. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e015555. [PMID: 33000681 PMCID: PMC7792390 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.015555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Background Functional decline (ie, a decrement in ability to perform everyday activities necessary to live independently) is common after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and associated with poor long‐term outcomes; yet, we do not have a tool to identify older AMI survivors at risk for this important patient‐centered outcome. Methods and Results We used data from the prospective SILVER‐AMI (Comprehensive Evaluation of Risk Factors in Older Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction) study of 3041 patients with AMI, aged ≥75 years, recruited from 94 US hospitals. Participants were assessed during hospitalization and at 6 months to collect data on demographics, geriatric impairments, psychosocial factors, and activities of daily living. Clinical variables were abstracted from the medical record. Functional decline was defined as a decrement in ability to independently perform essential activities of daily living (ie, bathing, dressing, transferring, and ambulation) from baseline to 6 months postdischarge. The mean age of the sample was 82±5 years; 57% were men, 90% were White, and 13% reported activity of daily living decline at 6 months postdischarge. The model identified older age, longer hospital stay, mobility impairment during hospitalization, preadmission physical activity, and depression as risk factors for decline. Revascularization during AMI hospitalization and ability to walk a quarter mile before AMI were associated with decreased risk. Model discrimination (c=0.78) and calibration were good. Conclusions We identified a parsimonious model that predicts risk of activity of daily living decline among older patients with AMI. This tool may aid in identifying older patients with AMI who may benefit from restorative therapies to optimize function after AMI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - John A Dodson
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine New York University School of Medicine New York NY.,Division of Healthcare Delivery Science Department of Population Health New York University School of Medicine New York NY
| | - Terrence E Murphy
- Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT
| | - Sui Tsang
- Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT
| | - Mary Geda
- Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT
| | - Gregory M Ouellet
- Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT
| | - Thomas M Gill
- Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT
| | - John E Brush
- Sentara Healthcare and Eastern Virginia Medical School Norfolk VA
| | - Sarwat I Chaudhry
- Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Dodson JA, Hajduk AM, Murphy TE, Geda M, Krumholz HM, Tsang S, Nanna MG, Tinetti ME, Goldstein D, Forman DE, Alexander KP, Gill TM, Chaudhry SI. Thirty-Day Readmission Risk Model for Older Adults Hospitalized With Acute Myocardial Infarction. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2020; 12:e005320. [PMID: 31010300 DOI: 10.1161/circoutcomes.118.005320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early readmissions among older adults hospitalized for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are costly and difficult to predict. Aging-related functional impairments may inform risk prediction but are unavailable in most studies. Our objective was to, therefore, develop and validate an AMI readmission risk model for older patients who considered functional impairments and was suitable for use before hospital discharge. METHODS AND RESULTS SILVER-AMI (Comprehensive Evaluation of Risk in Older Adults with AMI) is a prospective cohort study of 3006 patients of age ≥75 years hospitalized with AMI at 94 US hospitals. Participants underwent in-hospital assessment of functional impairments including cognition, vision, hearing, and mobility. Other variables plausibly associated with readmissions were also collected. The outcome was all-cause readmission at 30 days. We used backward selection and Bayesian model averaging to derive (N=2004) a risk model that was subsequently validated (N=1002). Mean age was 81.5 years, 44.4% were women, and 10.5% were nonwhite. Within 30 days, 547 participants (18.2%) were readmitted. Readmitted participants were older, had more comorbidities, and had a higher prevalence of functional impairments, including activities of daily living disability (17.0% versus 13.0%; P=0.013) and impaired functional mobility (72.5% versus 53.6%; P<0.001). The final risk model included 8 variables: functional mobility, ejection fraction, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, arrhythmia, acute kidney injury, first diastolic blood pressure, P2Y12 inhibitor use, and general health status. Functional mobility was the only functional impairment variable retained but was the strongest predictor. The model was well calibrated (Hosmer-Lemeshow P value >0.05) with moderate discrimination (C statistics: 0.65 derivation cohort and 0.63 validation cohort). Functional mobility significantly improved performance of the risk model (net reclassification improvement index =20%; P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS In our final risk model, functional mobility, previously not included in readmission risk models, was the strongest predictor of 30-day readmission among older adults after AMI. The modest discrimination indicates that much of the variability in readmission risk among this population remains unexplained by patient-level factors. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01755052.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John A Dodson
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine; Division of Healthcare Delivery Science, Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine (J.A.D.)
| | - Alexandra M Hajduk
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine; Division of Healthcare Delivery Science, Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine (J.A.D.)
| | - Terrence E Murphy
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine; Division of Healthcare Delivery Science, Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine (J.A.D.)
| | - Mary Geda
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine; Division of Healthcare Delivery Science, Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine (J.A.D.)
| | - Harlan M Krumholz
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine; Division of Healthcare Delivery Science, Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine (J.A.D.)
| | - Sui Tsang
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine; Division of Healthcare Delivery Science, Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine (J.A.D.)
| | - Michael G Nanna
- Division of Cardiology, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (M.G.N., K.P.A.)
| | - Mary E Tinetti
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine; Division of Healthcare Delivery Science, Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine (J.A.D.)
| | - David Goldstein
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine; Division of Healthcare Delivery Science, Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine (J.A.D.)
| | - Daniel E Forman
- Section of Geriatric Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA (D.E.F.)
| | - Karen P Alexander
- Division of Cardiology, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (M.G.N., K.P.A.)
| | - Thomas M Gill
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine; Division of Healthcare Delivery Science, Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine (J.A.D.)
| | - Sarwat I Chaudhry
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine; Division of Healthcare Delivery Science, Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine (J.A.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hajduk AM, Murphy TE, Geda ME, Dodson JA, Tsang S, Haghighat L, Tinetti ME, Gill TM, Chaudhry SI. Association Between Mobility Measured During Hospitalization and Functional Outcomes in Older Adults With Acute Myocardial Infarction in the SILVER-AMI Study. JAMA Intern Med 2019; 179:1669-1677. [PMID: 31589285 PMCID: PMC6784755 DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2019.4114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Importance Many older survivors of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) experience functional decline, an outcome of primary importance to older adults. Mobility impairment has been proposed as a risk factor for functional decline but has not been evaluated to date in older patients hospitalized for AMI. Objective To examine the association of mobility impairment, measured during hospitalization, as a risk marker for functional decline among older patients with AMI. Design, Setting, and Participants Prospective cohort study among 94 academic and community hospitals in the United States. Participants were 2587 hospitalized patients with AMI who were 75 years or older. The study dates were January 2013 to June 2017. Main Outcomes and Measures Mobility was evaluated during AMI hospitalization using the Timed "Up and Go," with scores categorized as preserved mobility (≤15 seconds to complete), mild impairment (>15 to ≤25 seconds to complete), moderate impairment (>25 seconds to complete), and severe impairment (unable to complete). Self-reported function in activities of daily living (ADLs) (bathing, dressing, transferring, and walking around the home) and walking 0.4 km (one-quarter mile) was assessed at baseline and 6 months after discharge. The primary outcomes were worsening of 1 or more ADLs and loss of ability to walk 0.4 km from baseline to 6 months after discharge. The association between mobility impairment and risk of functional decline was evaluated with multivariable-adjusted logistic regression. Results Among 2587 hospitalized patients with AMI, the mean (SD) age was 81.4 (4.8) years, and 1462 (56.5%) were male. More than half of the cohort exhibited mobility impairment during AMI hospitalization (21.8% [564 of 2587] had mild impairment, 16.0% [414 of 2587] had moderate impairment, and 15.2% [391 of 2587] had severe impairment); 12.8% (332 of 2587) reported ADL decline, and 16.7% (431 of 2587) reported decline in 0.4-km mobility. Only 3.8% (30 of 800) of participants with preserved mobility experienced any ADL decline compared with 6.9% (39 of 564) of participants with mild impairment (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.24; 95% CI, 0.74-2.09), 18.6% (77 of 414) of participants with moderate impairment (aOR, 2.67; 95% CI, 1.67-4.27), and 34.7% (136 of 391) of participants with severe impairment (aOR, 5.45; 95% CI, 3.29-9.01). Eleven percent (90 of 800) of participants with preserved mobility declined in ability to walk 0.4 km compared with 15.2% (85 of 558) of participants with mild impairment (aOR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.04-2.20), 19.0% (78 of 411) of participants with moderate impairment (aOR, 2.03; 95% CI, 1.37-3.02), and 24.6% (95 of 386) of participants with severe impairment (aOR, 3.25; 95% CI, 2.02-5.23). Conclusions and Relevance This study's findings suggest that mobility impairment assessed during hospitalization may be a potent risk marker for functional decline in older survivors of AMI. These findings also suggest that brief, validated assessments of mobility should be part of the care of older hospitalized patients with AMI to identify those at risk for this important patient-centered outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra M. Hajduk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Terrence E. Murphy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Mary E. Geda
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - John A. Dodson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Sui Tsang
- Department of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - Leila Haghighat
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Mary E. Tinetti
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Thomas M. Gill
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Sarwat I. Chaudhry
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Bernardes GM, Mambrini JVDM, Lima-Costa MF, Peixoto SV. [Multimorbidity profile associated with disability among the elderly living in the Metropolitan Region of Belo Horizonte, Brazil]. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2019; 24:1853-1864. [PMID: 31166518 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232018245.17192017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The scope of this paper was to investigate the associations of disability in three domains (BADL, IADL and mobility) with cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and multimorbidity profile, among the elderly living in the Metropolitan Region of Belo Horizonte (MRBH). A cross-sectional study was conducted with a representative sample of 2,172 elderly persons (60 years and over). Disability, for each domain (BADL, IADL and mobility), was assessed as reporting great difficulty or need for help to perform at least one activity among those investigated, and self-reported diseases included arterial hypertension, myocardial infarction or angina, stroke, diabetes, and combinations of these diseases. Adjusted Poisson regression was used, and the attributable population fraction was also estimated. A major contribution of Cerebral Vascular Accidents (strokes) to disability in all domains was observed, especially BADLs, as well as the presence of infarction or angina in disability in IADLs and mobility, especially when combined with diabetes and hypertension. The multimorbidity profile can be used to identify vulnerable groups, which should be the target of prevention and rehabilitation, reducing the financial and social cost of this event among the elderly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Marques Bernardes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Instituto René Rachou, Fiocruz. Av. Augusto de Lima 1715, Barro Preto. 30190-009 Belo Horizonte Brasil.
| | - Juliana Vaz de Melo Mambrini
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Instituto René Rachou, Fiocruz. Av. Augusto de Lima 1715, Barro Preto. 30190-009 Belo Horizonte Brasil. .,Instituto René Rachou, Fiocruz. Belo Horizonte MG Brasil
| | - Maria Fernanda Lima-Costa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Instituto René Rachou, Fiocruz. Av. Augusto de Lima 1715, Barro Preto. 30190-009 Belo Horizonte Brasil. .,Instituto René Rachou, Fiocruz. Belo Horizonte MG Brasil
| | - Sérgio Viana Peixoto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Instituto René Rachou, Fiocruz. Av. Augusto de Lima 1715, Barro Preto. 30190-009 Belo Horizonte Brasil. .,Instituto René Rachou, Fiocruz. Belo Horizonte MG Brasil.,Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Belo Horizonte MG Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Reply: Statin Intolerance and Risk for Recurrent Myocardial Infarction, Coronary Heart Disease Events, and All-Cause Mortality. J Am Coll Cardiol 2019; 70:685-686. [PMID: 28750708 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2017.04.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
20
|
Fels JA, Manfredi G. Sex Differences in Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury: The Role of Mitochondrial Permeability Transition. Neurochem Res 2019; 44:2336-2345. [PMID: 30863968 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-019-02769-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Brain and heart ischemia are among the leading causes of death and disability in both men and women, but there are significant sex differences in the incidence and severity of these diseases. Ca2+ dysregulation in response to ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/RI) is a well-recognized pathogenic mechanism leading to the death of affected cells. Excess intracellular Ca2+ causes mitochondrial matrix Ca2+ overload that can result in mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT), which can have severe consequences for mitochondrial function and trigger cell death. Recent findings indicate that estrogens and their related receptors are involved in the regulation of MPT, suggesting that sex differences in I/RI could be linked to estrogen-dependent modulation of mitochondrial Ca2+. Here, we review the evidence supporting sex differences in I/RI and the role of estrogen and estrogen receptors in producing these differences, the involvement of mitochondrial Ca2+ overload in disease pathogenesis, and the estrogen-dependent modulation of MPT that may contribute to sex differences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine A Fels
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, 407 East 61st St., RR506, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Giovanni Manfredi
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, 407 East 61st St., RR506, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Passinho RS, Caniçali Primo C, Fioresi M, Nóbrega MMLD, Brandão MAG, Romero WG. Elaboration and validation of an ICNP® terminology subset for patients with acute myocardial infarction. Rev Esc Enferm USP 2019; 53:e03442. [DOI: 10.1590/s1980-220x2018000603442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective: To elaborate a terminological subset for the International Classification for Nursing Practice (ICNP®) for patients with acute myocardial infarction using the Activities of Living Model. Method: A methodological study which followed the guidelines of the International Nursing Council and was based on theoretical framework of the Activities of Living Model for its elaboration. Content validation was performed by 22 nursing specialists. Results: Twenty-two (22) diagnoses and 22 nursing outcomes were elaborated. Of these, 17 nursing diagnosis statements and 17 nursing outcome statements presented Content Validity Index (CVI) ≥ 0.80. Of the 113 elaborated nursing interventions, 42 reached a CVI ≥ 0.80, and 51 interventions made up the terminological subset after the expert suggestions. Conclusion: The ICNP® was suitable for use with the Activities of Living Model, having compatible terms with those used in clinical nursing practice, and valid for construction of the terminological subset for patients with acute myocardial infarction and most likely to facilitate clinical nursing judgment.
Collapse
|
22
|
Smedegaard L, Kragholm K, Numé AK, Charlot MG, Gislason GH, Hansen PR. Nursing home admission after myocardial infarction in the elderly: A nationwide cohort study. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202177. [PMID: 30110366 PMCID: PMC6093673 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Data on nursing home admission after myocardial infarction (MI) in the elderly are scarce. We investigated nursing home admission within 6 months and 2 years after MI including predictors for nursing home admission in a nationwide cohort of elderly patients. Methods Using Danish nationwide registries, we identified all subjects 65 years or older residing at home who were discharged following first-time MI in the period 2008–2015. We determined sex- and age-stratified incidence rates per 1000 person years (IRs) and incidence rate ratios (IRRs) of nursing home admissions using Poisson regression models compared to the Danish population 65 years or older with no prior MI. Poisson regression models were also applied to identify predictors of nursing home admission. Results The 26,539 patients who were discharged after MI had a median age of 76 (quartile 1-quartile 3: 70–83) years. The IRs of nursing home admission after MI increased with increasing age and for 80-84-year-old women IRs after 6 months and 2 years were 113.9 and 62.9, respectively, compared to 29.4 for women of the same age with no prior MI. The IRs for 80-84-year-old men after MI were 56.0 and 36.2, respectively, compared to 24.3 for men of the same age with no prior MI. In adjusted analyses the 6 months and 2 years IRRs for 80-84-year-old subjects were 2.56 (95% CI 2.11–3.10) and 1.41 (95% CI 1.22–1.65) for women and 1.74 (95% CI 1.34–2.25) and 1.05 (95% CI 0.88–1.26) for men, respectively. Predictors were advanced age, dementia, home care, Parkinson’s disease, cerebrovascular disease, living alone, depression, and arrhythmia. Conclusion In elderly patients discharged following first-time MI, the risk of subsequent nursing home admission within 6 months was 2-fold higher compared to an age-stratified population with no prior MI. After 2 years this risk remained higher in women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laerke Smedegaard
- Herlev & Gentofte University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Hellerup, Denmark
- * E-mail:
| | - Kristian Kragholm
- Aalborg University Hospital, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Anna-Karin Numé
- Herlev & Gentofte University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Mette Gitz Charlot
- Herlev & Gentofte University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Gunnar Hilmar Gislason
- Herlev & Gentofte University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Hellerup, Denmark
- The Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Danish Heart Foundation, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Riis Hansen
- Herlev & Gentofte University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Hellerup, Denmark
- Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Duscha BD, Piner LW, Patel MP, Craig KP, Brady M, McGarrah RW, Chen C, Kraus WE. Effects of a 12-week mHealth program on peak VO 2 and physical activity patterns after completing cardiac rehabilitation: A randomized controlled trial. Am Heart J 2018; 199:105-114. [PMID: 29754647 DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2018.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Site-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) provides supervised exercise, education and motivation for patients. Graduates of CR have improved exercise tolerance. However, when participation in CR ceases, adherence to regular physical activity often declines, consequently leading to worsening risk factors and clinical events. Therefore, the purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate if a mHealth program could sustain the fitness and physical activity levels gained during CR. METHODS AND RESULTS A 12-week mHealth program was implemented using physical activity trackers and health coaching. Twenty-five patients were randomized into mHealth or usual care after completing CR. The combination of a 4.7±13.8% increase in the mHealth and a 8.5±11.5% decrease in the usual care group resulted in a difference between groups (P≤.05) for absolute peak VO2. Usual care decreased the amount of moderate-low physical activity minutes per week (117±78 vs 50±53; P<.05) as well as moderate-high (111±87 vs 65±64; P<.05). mHealth increased moderate-high physical activity (138±113 vs 159±156; NS). The divergent changes between mHealth and usual care in moderate-high physical activity minutes/week resulted in a difference between groups (21±103 vs - 46±36; P<.05). CONCLUSIONS A 12-week mHealth program of physical activity trackers and health coaching following CR graduation can sustain the gains in peak VO2 and physical activity achieved by site-based CR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian D Duscha
- Duke University School of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Durham, NC and Duke Molecular Physiology Institute.
| | - Lucy W Piner
- Duke University School of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Durham, NC and Duke Molecular Physiology Institute
| | - Mahesh P Patel
- Duke University School of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Durham, NC and Duke Molecular Physiology Institute
| | - Karen P Craig
- Duke University School of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Durham, NC and Duke Molecular Physiology Institute
| | | | - Robert W McGarrah
- Duke University School of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Durham, NC and Duke Molecular Physiology Institute
| | | | - William E Kraus
- Duke University School of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Durham, NC and Duke Molecular Physiology Institute
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Brandt S, Dickinson B, Ghosh R, Lurmann F, Perez L, Penfold B, Wilson J, Künzli N, McConnell R. Costs of coronary heart disease and mortality associated with near-roadway air pollution. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 601-602:391-396. [PMID: 28570973 PMCID: PMC5769477 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.05.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging evidence indicates that the near-roadway air pollution (NRAP) mixture contributes to CHD, yet few studies have evaluated the associated costs. OBJECTIVE We integrated an assessment of NRAP-attributable CHD in Southern California with new methods to value the associated mortality and hospitalizations. METHODS Based on population-weighted residential exposure to NRAP (traffic density, proximity to a major roadway and elemental carbon), we estimated the inflation-adjusted value of NRAP-attributable mortality and costs of hospitalizations that occurred in 2008. We also estimated anticipated costs in 2035 based on projected changes in population and in NRAP exposure associated with California's plans to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. For comparison, we estimated the value of CHD mortality attributable to PM less than 2.5μm in diameter (PM2.5) in both 2008 and 2035. RESULTS The value of CHD mortality attributable to NRAP in 2008 was between $3.8 and $11.5 billion, 23% (major roadway proximity) to 68% (traffic density) of the $16.8 billion attributable to regulated regional PM2.5. NRAP-attributable costs were projected to increase to $10.6 to $22 billion in 2035, depending on the NRAP metric. Cost of NRAP-attributable hospitalizations for CHD in 2008 was $48.6 million and was projected to increase to $51.4 million in 2035. CONCLUSIONS We developed an economic framework that can be used to estimate the benefits of regulations to improve air quality. CHD attributable to NRAP has a large economic impact that is expected to increase by 2035, largely due to an aging population. PM2.5-attributable costs may underestimate total value of air pollution-attributable CHD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Brandt
- University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA, United States.
| | | | - Rakesh Ghosh
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
| | | | - Laura Perez
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Bryan Penfold
- Sonoma Technology, Inc., Petaluma, CA, United States.
| | - John Wilson
- Spatial Sciences Institute, Dana and David Dornsife College of Letters, Arts, and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
| | - Nino Künzli
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Rob McConnell
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Ubrich R, Barthel P, Haller B, Hnatkova K, Huster KM, Steger A, Müller A, Malik M, Schmidt G. Sex differences in long-term mortality among acute myocardial infarction patients: Results from the ISAR-RISK and ART studies. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186783. [PMID: 29053758 PMCID: PMC5650173 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mortality rates in females who survived acute myocardial infarction (AMI) exceed those in males. Differences between sexes in age, cardiovascular risk factors and revascularization therapy have been proposed as possible reasons. OBJECTIVE To select sets of female and male patients comparable in respect of relevant risk factors in order to compare the sex-specific risk in a systematic manner. METHODS Data of the ISAR-RISK and ART studies were investigated. Patients were enrolled between 1996 and 2005 and suffered from AMI within 4 weeks prior to enrolment. Patients of each sex were selected with 1:1 equivalent age, previous AMI history, sinus-rhythm presence, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking status, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and revascularization therapy. Survival times were compared between sex groups in the whole study cohort and in the matched cohort. RESULTS Of 3840 consecutive AMI survivors, 994 (25.9%) were females and 2846 (74.1%) were males. Females were older and suffered more frequently from hypertension and diabetes mellitus. In the whole cohort, females showed an increased mortality with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.54 compared to males (p<0.0001). The matched cohort comprised 802 patients of each sex and revealed a trend towards poorer survival in females (HR for female sex 1.14; p = 0.359). However, significant mortality differences with a higher risk in matched females was observed during the first year after AMI (HR = 1.61; p = 0.045) but not during the subsequent years. CONCLUSION Matched sub-groups of post-AMI patients showed a comparable long-term mortality. However, a female excess mortality remained during first year after AMI and cannot be explained by differences in age, cardiovascular risk factors, and modes of acute treatment. Other causal factors, including clinical as well as psychological and social aspects, need to be considered. Female post-AMI patients should be followed more actively particularly during the first year after AMI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Romy Ubrich
- Innere Medizin I, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Petra Barthel
- Innere Medizin I, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Bernhard Haller
- Institut für Medizinische Statistik und Epidemiologie, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Katerina Hnatkova
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, England
| | - Katharina Maria Huster
- Innere Medizin I, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander Steger
- Innere Medizin I, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander Müller
- Innere Medizin I, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Marek Malik
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, England
| | - Georg Schmidt
- Innere Medizin I, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Gaalema DE, Elliott RJ, Morford ZH, Higgins ST, Ades PA. Effect of Socioeconomic Status on Propensity to Change Risk Behaviors Following Myocardial Infarction: Implications for Healthy Lifestyle Medicine. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2017; 60:159-168. [PMID: 28063785 PMCID: PMC5498261 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Failure to change risk behaviors following myocardial infarction (MI) increases the likelihood of recurrent MI and death. Lower-socioeconomic status (SES) patients are more likely to engage in high-risk behaviors prior to MI. Less well known is whether propensity to change risk behaviors after MI also varies inversely with SES. We performed a systematized literature review addressing changes in risk behaviors following MI as a function of SES. 2160 abstracts were reviewed and 44 met eligibility criteria. Behaviors included smoking cessation, cardiac rehabilitation (CR), medication adherence, diet, and physical activity (PA). For each behavior, lower-SES patients were less likely to change after MI. Overall, lower-SES patients were 2 to 4 times less likely to make needed behavior changes (OR's 0.25-0.56). Lower-SES populations are less successful at changing risk behaviors post-MI. Increasing their participation in CR/secondary prevention programs, which address multiple risk behaviors, including increasing PA and exercise, should be a priority of healthy lifestyle medicine (HLM).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diann E Gaalema
- Vermont Center on Behavior and Health, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT; Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT; Department of Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT.
| | - Rebecca J Elliott
- Vermont Center on Behavior and Health, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT; Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
| | - Zachary H Morford
- Vermont Center on Behavior and Health, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT; Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT; Department of Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
| | - Stephen T Higgins
- Vermont Center on Behavior and Health, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT; Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT; Department of Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
| | - Philip A Ades
- Vermont Center on Behavior and Health, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, VT
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Forman DE, Arena R, Boxer R, Dolansky MA, Eng JJ, Fleg JL, Haykowsky M, Jahangir A, Kaminsky LA, Kitzman DW, Lewis EF, Myers J, Reeves GR, Shen WK. Prioritizing Functional Capacity as a Principal End Point for Therapies Oriented to Older Adults With Cardiovascular Disease: A Scientific Statement for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association. Circulation 2017; 135:e894-e918. [PMID: 28336790 PMCID: PMC7252210 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000000483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Adults are living longer, and cardiovascular disease is endemic in the growing population of older adults who are surviving into old age. Functional capacity is a key metric in this population, both for the perspective it provides on aggregate health and as a vital goal of care. Whereas cardiorespiratory function has long been applied by cardiologists as a measure of function that depended primarily on cardiac physiology, multiple other factors also contribute, usually with increasing bearing as age advances. Comorbidity, inflammation, mitochondrial metabolism, cognition, balance, and sleep are among the constellation of factors that bear on cardiorespiratory function and that become intricately entwined with cardiovascular health in old age. This statement reviews the essential physiology underlying functional capacity on systemic, organ, and cellular levels, as well as critical clinical skills to measure multiple realms of function (eg, aerobic, strength, balance, and even cognition) that are particularly relevant for older patients. Clinical therapeutic perspectives and patient perspectives are enumerated to clarify challenges and opportunities across the caregiving spectrum, including patients who are hospitalized, those managed in routine office settings, and those in skilled nursing facilities. Overall, this scientific statement provides practical recommendations and vital conceptual insights.
Collapse
|
28
|
Hajduk AM, Hyde JE, Waring ME, Lessard DM, McManus DD, Fauth EB, Lemon SC, Saczynski JS. Practical Care Support During the Early Recovery Period After Acute Coronary Syndrome. J Appl Gerontol 2017; 37:881-903. [PMID: 28380706 DOI: 10.1177/0733464816684621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the prevalence and predictors of receipt of practical support among acute coronary syndrome (ACS) survivors during the early post-discharge period. METHOD 406 ACS patients were interviewed about receipt of practical (instrumental and informational) support during the week after discharge. Demographic, clinical, functional, and psychosocial predictors of instrumental and informational practical support were examined. RESULTS 81% of participants reported receiving practical support during the early post-discharge period: 75% reported receipt of instrumental support and 51% reported receipt of informational support. Men were less likely to report receiving certain types of practical support, whereas married participants and those with higher education, impaired health literacy, impaired activities of daily living, and in-hospital complications were more likely to report receiving certain types of practical support. CONCLUSION Receipt of practical support is very common among ACS survivors during the early post-discharge period, and type of support received differs according to patient characteristics.
Collapse
|
29
|
Vibulchai N, Thanasilp S, Preechawong S, Broome ME. Validation of the Thai version of the Duke Activity Status Index in patients with a previous myocardial infarction. ASIAN BIOMED 2017. [DOI: 10.5372/1905-7415.0805.336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: The Duke Activity Status Index is a widely used instrument for measuring functional status in patients with cardiovascular disease. However, items and subscales on this instrument have not been validated for Thai patients with a previous myocardial infarction (MI).
Objective: To test the reliability and validity of the Thai version of the Duke Activity Status Index (DASI-T) in Thai patients with a previous MI using a cross-sectional study design.
Methods: The DASI-T was translated using forward and backward translation methods and administered to 100 MI patients from outpatient departments of two general hospitals in Thailand. Internal consistency was determined to test reliability. Two criterion measures (i.e. Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) classification, SF-36 physical functioning subscale) were used to test the concurrent validity of the DASI-T. Age group and CCS classification were used to determine known-groups validity of the DASI-T.
Results: Cronbach’s α for the DASI-T total score was 0.76. No ceiling or floor effect was detected for the DASI-T total score. DASI-T total score was significantly correlated with the CCS classification (r = -0.68, P < 0.01) and SF-36 physical functioning subscale (r = 0.79, P < 0.01). DASI-T total scores could differentiate MI patients based on age (P = 0.040) or CCS classification (P = 0.000).
Conclusion: The DASI-T is a potentially reliable and valid instrument with which to assess functional status in MI patients and is also useful to evaluate a treatment effect and be a guideline for clinical purposes (i.e. exercise prescription, risk stratification).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Marion E. Broome
- Indiana University School of Nursing, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Nakajima H, Yoshioka J, Totsuka N, Miyazawa I, Usui T, Urasawa N, Kobayashi T, Mochidome T. Activities of daily living as an additional predictor of complications and outcomes in elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction. Clin Interv Aging 2016; 11:1141-7. [PMID: 27601890 PMCID: PMC5003512 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s107136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Age is an important determinant of outcome in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, in clinical settings, there is an occasional mismatch between chronological age and physical age. We evaluated whether activities of daily living (ADL), which reflect physical age, also predict complications and prognosis in elderly patients with AMI. Design Single-center, observational, and retrospective cohort study. Methods Preserved ADL and low ADL were defined according to the scale for independence degree of daily living for the disabled elderly by the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare. We examined 82 consecutive patients aged ≥75 years with AMI who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Patients were divided into preserved ADL (n=52; mean age, 81.8±4.8 years; male, 59.6%) and low ADL (n=30; mean age, 85.8±4.7 years; male, 40.0%) groups according to prehospital ADL. Results The prevalence of Killip class II–IV and in-hospital mortality rate were significantly higher with low ADL compared to that with preserved ADL (23.1% vs 60.0%, P=0.0019; 5.8% vs 30.0%, P=0.0068, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that ADL was an independent predictor of Killip class II–IV and 1-year mortality after adjusting for age, sex, and other possible confounders (odds ratio 5.11, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.52–17.2, P=0.0083; hazard ratio 4.32, 95% CI 1.31–14.3, P=0.017, respectively). Conclusion Prehospital ADL is a significant predictor of heart failure complications and prognosis in elderly patients with AMI undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention, irrespective of age and sex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Tatsuya Usui
- Department of Cardiology, Nagano Red Cross Hospital
| | | | | | - Tomoaki Mochidome
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Kirchberger I, Heier M, Amann U, Kuch B, Thilo C, Meisinger C. Variables associated with disability in male and female long-term survivors from acute myocardial infarction. Results from the MONICA/KORA Myocardial Infarction Registry. Prev Med 2016; 88:13-9. [PMID: 27002251 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Increasing attention is paid on functional limitations and disability among people with chronic diseases. However, only few studies have explored disability in persons with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The objective of this study was to provide a description of disability and to identify determinants of disability in a population-based sample of long-term AMI survivors. The sample consisted of 1943 persons (35-85years) with AMI from the German population-based MONICA/KORA Myocardial Infarction Registry, who responded to a postal follow-up survey in 2011. Disability was assessed with the 12-item version of the World Health Organization Disability Schedule (WHODAS). Multivariate linear regression models were established in order to identify socioeconomic and clinical factors, risk factors and comorbidities which are associated with disability. The mean WHODAS score for the total sample was 7.86±9.38. The regression model includes 26 variables that explained 37.2% of the WHODAS variance. Most of the explained variance could be attributed to the presence of depression, female sex, joint disorders, digestive disorders, and stroke. Depression was the most important determinant of disability in both sexes. Replacement of single comorbidities by the total number of comorbidities resulted in a model with 15 variables explaining 31.9% of the WHODAS variance. Most of the variance was explained by the number of comorbidities. Further significant determinants of disability were female sex, low education level, angina pectoris, and no revascularization therapy. In AMI patients, the number of comorbidities and particularly the presence of depression are important determinants of disability and should be considered in post-AMI health care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inge Kirchberger
- Central Hospital of Augsburg, MONICA/KORA Myocardial Infarction Registry, Stenglinstr. 2, D-86156 Augsburg, Germany; Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Epidemiology II, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Margit Heier
- Central Hospital of Augsburg, MONICA/KORA Myocardial Infarction Registry, Stenglinstr. 2, D-86156 Augsburg, Germany; Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Epidemiology II, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ute Amann
- Central Hospital of Augsburg, MONICA/KORA Myocardial Infarction Registry, Stenglinstr. 2, D-86156 Augsburg, Germany; Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Epidemiology II, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Bernhard Kuch
- Hospital of Nördlingen, Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology, Stoffelsberg 4, 86720 Nördlingen, Germany; Central Hospital of Augsburg, Department of Internal Medicine I - Cardiology, Stenglinstr. 2, D-86156 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Christian Thilo
- Central Hospital of Augsburg, Department of Internal Medicine I - Cardiology, Stenglinstr. 2, D-86156 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Christa Meisinger
- Central Hospital of Augsburg, MONICA/KORA Myocardial Infarction Registry, Stenglinstr. 2, D-86156 Augsburg, Germany; Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Epidemiology II, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Navarro MA, Gosch KL, Spertus JA, Rumsfeld JS, Ho PM. Chronic Kidney Disease and Health Status Outcomes Following Acute Myocardial Infarction. J Am Heart Assoc 2016; 5:JAHA.115.002772. [PMID: 27217497 PMCID: PMC4889168 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.115.002772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Background The association between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and health status outcomes after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is unknown. Methods and Results Patients were enrolled between 2005 and 2008 in the Translational Research Investigating Underlying Disparities in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients' Health Status (TRIUMPH) registry, a prospective multicenter observational study of AMI outcomes. The Seattle Angina Questionnaire and Short Form‐12 were collected at baseline and at 1, 6, and 12 months following AMI. CKD was defined by an estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min, calculated during the AMI hospitalization. Linear repeated‐measures models assessed the association between CKD and health status after AMI, accounting for the propensity to have follow‐up heath status measures. Of 3617 patients, 576 (16%) had CKD and 3041 (84%) did not have CKD. Patients with CKD were older and had more comorbidity. Patients with CKD were more likely to have multivessel coronary disease and less likely to undergo revascularization. Among AMI survivors, patients with and without CKD had similar health‐related quality of life (adjusted difference of 0.24, 95% CI −1.46 to 1.95), angina frequency (adjusted difference of 1.27, 95% CI −0.05 to 2.58), and mental health (adjusted difference of −0.07, 95% CI −0.90 to 0.75). In contrast, patients with CKD had lower physical health (adjusted difference −1.61, 95% CI −2.49 to −0.74), which was not clinically significant, compared with patients without CKD. Conclusions Among AMI survivors, patients with CKD not only had more comorbidities but also, after adjusting for these patient differences, had similar health status compared with patients without CKD. Interventions aimed at improving health status after AMI should not focus on CKD status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kensey L Gosch
- Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, MO
| | - John A Spertus
- Colorado Cardiovascular Outcomes Research Consortium, Denver, CO
| | - John S Rumsfeld
- University of Colorado - School of Medicine, Aurora, CO VA Eastern Colorado HealthCare System, Denver, CO Colorado Cardiovascular Outcomes Research Consortium, Denver, CO
| | - P Michael Ho
- University of Colorado - School of Medicine, Aurora, CO VA Eastern Colorado HealthCare System, Denver, CO Colorado Cardiovascular Outcomes Research Consortium, Denver, CO
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Dreyer RP, Wang Y, Strait KM, Lorenze NP, D'Onofrio G, Bueno H, Lichtman JH, Spertus JA, Krumholz HM. Gender differences in the trajectory of recovery in health status among young patients with acute myocardial infarction: results from the variation in recovery: role of gender on outcomes of young AMI patients (VIRGO) study. Circulation 2015; 131:1971-80. [PMID: 25862743 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.114.014503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the excess risk of mortality in young women (≤55 years of age) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI), little is known about young women's health status (symptoms, functioning, quality of life) during the first year of recovery after an AMI. We examined gender differences in health status over time from baseline to 12 months after AMI. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 3501 AMI patients (67% women) 18 to 55 years of age were enrolled from 103 US and 24 Spanish hospitals. Data were obtained by medical record abstraction and patient interviews at baseline hospitalization and 1 and 12 months after AMI. Health status was measured by generic (Short Form-12) and disease-specific (Seattle Angina Questionnaire) measures. We compared health status scores at all 3 time points and used longitudinal linear mixed-effects analyses to examine the independent effect of gender, adjusting for time and selected covariates. Women had significantly lower health status scores than men at each assessment (all P values <0.0001). After adjustment for time and all covariates, women had Short Form-12 physical/mental summary scores that were -0.96 (95% confidence interval [CI], -1.59 to -0.32) and -2.36 points (95% CI, -2.99 to -1.73) lower than those of men, as well as worse Seattle Angina Questionnaire physical limitations (-2.44 points lower; 95% CI, -3.53 to -1.34), more angina (-1.03 points lower; 95% CI, -1.98 to -0.07), and poorer quality of life (-3.51 points lower; 95% CI, -4.80 to -2.22). CONCLUSION Although both genders recover similarly after AMI, women have poorer scores than men on all health status measures, a difference that persisted throughout the entire year after discharge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel P Dreyer
- From the Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT (R.P.D., Y.W., K.M.S., N.P.L., J.H.L., H.M.K.); Section of Cardiovascular Medicine (R.P.D., Y.W., H.M.K.) and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Clinical Scholars Program (H.M.K.), and Department of Emergency Medicine (G.D.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Gregorio Marañón, and Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain (H.B.); Departments of Chronic Disease Epidemiology (J.H.L.) and Health Policy and Management (H.M.K.), Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT; University of Missouri, Kansas City, School of Medicine, Biomedical & Health Informatics (J.A.S.); and Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, MO (J.A.S.).
| | - Yongfei Wang
- From the Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT (R.P.D., Y.W., K.M.S., N.P.L., J.H.L., H.M.K.); Section of Cardiovascular Medicine (R.P.D., Y.W., H.M.K.) and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Clinical Scholars Program (H.M.K.), and Department of Emergency Medicine (G.D.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Gregorio Marañón, and Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain (H.B.); Departments of Chronic Disease Epidemiology (J.H.L.) and Health Policy and Management (H.M.K.), Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT; University of Missouri, Kansas City, School of Medicine, Biomedical & Health Informatics (J.A.S.); and Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, MO (J.A.S.)
| | - Kelly M Strait
- From the Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT (R.P.D., Y.W., K.M.S., N.P.L., J.H.L., H.M.K.); Section of Cardiovascular Medicine (R.P.D., Y.W., H.M.K.) and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Clinical Scholars Program (H.M.K.), and Department of Emergency Medicine (G.D.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Gregorio Marañón, and Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain (H.B.); Departments of Chronic Disease Epidemiology (J.H.L.) and Health Policy and Management (H.M.K.), Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT; University of Missouri, Kansas City, School of Medicine, Biomedical & Health Informatics (J.A.S.); and Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, MO (J.A.S.)
| | - Nancy P Lorenze
- From the Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT (R.P.D., Y.W., K.M.S., N.P.L., J.H.L., H.M.K.); Section of Cardiovascular Medicine (R.P.D., Y.W., H.M.K.) and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Clinical Scholars Program (H.M.K.), and Department of Emergency Medicine (G.D.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Gregorio Marañón, and Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain (H.B.); Departments of Chronic Disease Epidemiology (J.H.L.) and Health Policy and Management (H.M.K.), Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT; University of Missouri, Kansas City, School of Medicine, Biomedical & Health Informatics (J.A.S.); and Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, MO (J.A.S.)
| | - Gail D'Onofrio
- From the Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT (R.P.D., Y.W., K.M.S., N.P.L., J.H.L., H.M.K.); Section of Cardiovascular Medicine (R.P.D., Y.W., H.M.K.) and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Clinical Scholars Program (H.M.K.), and Department of Emergency Medicine (G.D.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Gregorio Marañón, and Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain (H.B.); Departments of Chronic Disease Epidemiology (J.H.L.) and Health Policy and Management (H.M.K.), Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT; University of Missouri, Kansas City, School of Medicine, Biomedical & Health Informatics (J.A.S.); and Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, MO (J.A.S.)
| | - Héctor Bueno
- From the Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT (R.P.D., Y.W., K.M.S., N.P.L., J.H.L., H.M.K.); Section of Cardiovascular Medicine (R.P.D., Y.W., H.M.K.) and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Clinical Scholars Program (H.M.K.), and Department of Emergency Medicine (G.D.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Gregorio Marañón, and Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain (H.B.); Departments of Chronic Disease Epidemiology (J.H.L.) and Health Policy and Management (H.M.K.), Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT; University of Missouri, Kansas City, School of Medicine, Biomedical & Health Informatics (J.A.S.); and Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, MO (J.A.S.)
| | - Judith H Lichtman
- From the Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT (R.P.D., Y.W., K.M.S., N.P.L., J.H.L., H.M.K.); Section of Cardiovascular Medicine (R.P.D., Y.W., H.M.K.) and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Clinical Scholars Program (H.M.K.), and Department of Emergency Medicine (G.D.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Gregorio Marañón, and Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain (H.B.); Departments of Chronic Disease Epidemiology (J.H.L.) and Health Policy and Management (H.M.K.), Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT; University of Missouri, Kansas City, School of Medicine, Biomedical & Health Informatics (J.A.S.); and Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, MO (J.A.S.)
| | - John A Spertus
- From the Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT (R.P.D., Y.W., K.M.S., N.P.L., J.H.L., H.M.K.); Section of Cardiovascular Medicine (R.P.D., Y.W., H.M.K.) and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Clinical Scholars Program (H.M.K.), and Department of Emergency Medicine (G.D.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Gregorio Marañón, and Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain (H.B.); Departments of Chronic Disease Epidemiology (J.H.L.) and Health Policy and Management (H.M.K.), Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT; University of Missouri, Kansas City, School of Medicine, Biomedical & Health Informatics (J.A.S.); and Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, MO (J.A.S.)
| | - Harlan M Krumholz
- From the Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT (R.P.D., Y.W., K.M.S., N.P.L., J.H.L., H.M.K.); Section of Cardiovascular Medicine (R.P.D., Y.W., H.M.K.) and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Clinical Scholars Program (H.M.K.), and Department of Emergency Medicine (G.D.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Gregorio Marañón, and Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain (H.B.); Departments of Chronic Disease Epidemiology (J.H.L.) and Health Policy and Management (H.M.K.), Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT; University of Missouri, Kansas City, School of Medicine, Biomedical & Health Informatics (J.A.S.); and Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, MO (J.A.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Smolderen KG, Strait KM, Dreyer RP, D'Onofrio G, Zhou S, Lichtman JH, Geda M, Bueno H, Beltrame J, Safdar B, Krumholz HM, Spertus JA. Depressive symptoms in younger women and men with acute myocardial infarction: insights from the VIRGO study. J Am Heart Assoc 2015; 4:jah3897. [PMID: 25836055 PMCID: PMC4579927 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.114.001424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Depression was recently recognized as a risk factor for adverse medical outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The degree to which depression is present among younger patients with an AMI, the patient profile associated with being a young AMI patient with depressive symptoms, and whether relevant sex differences exist are currently unknown. Methods and Results The Variation in Recovery: Role of Gender on Outcomes of Young AMI Patients (VIRGO) study enrolled 3572 patients with AMI (67.1% women; 2:1 ratio for women to men) between 2008 and 2012 (at 103 hospitals in the United States, 24 in Spain, and 3 in Australia). Information about lifetime history of depression and depressive symptoms experienced over the past 2 weeks (Patient Health Questionnaire; a cutoff score ≥10 was used for depression screening) was collected during index AMI admission. Information on demographics, socioeconomic status, cardiovascular risk, AMI severity, perceived stress (14‐item Perceived Stress Scale), and health status (Seattle Angina Questionnaire, EuroQoL 5D) was obtained through interviews and chart abstraction. Nearly half (48%) of the women reported a lifetime history of depression versus 1 in 4 in men (24%; P<0.0001). At the time of admission for AMI, more women than men experienced depressive symptoms (39% versus 22%, P<0.0001; adjusted odds ratio 1.64; 95% CI 1.36 to 1.98). Patients with more depressive symptoms had higher levels of stress and worse quality of life (P<0.001). Depressive symptoms were more prevalent among patients with lower socioeconomic profiles (eg, lower education, uninsured) and with more cardiovascular risk factors (eg, diabetes, smoking). Conclusions A high rate of lifetime history of depression and depressive symptoms at the time of an AMI was observed among younger women compared with men. Depressive symptoms affected those with more vulnerable socioeconomic and clinical profiles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kim G Smolderen
- University of Missouri Kansas City, Kansas City, MO (K.G.S., J.A.S.) Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, MO (K.G.S., J.A.S.)
| | - Kelly M Strait
- Yale School of Public Health, Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT (K.M.S., R.P.D., S.Z., J.H.L., M.G., H.M.K.)
| | - Rachel P Dreyer
- Yale School of Public Health, Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT (K.M.S., R.P.D., S.Z., J.H.L., M.G., H.M.K.)
| | - Gail D'Onofrio
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT (G.O., B.S.)
| | - Shengfan Zhou
- Yale School of Public Health, Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT (K.M.S., R.P.D., S.Z., J.H.L., M.G., H.M.K.)
| | - Judith H Lichtman
- Yale School of Public Health, Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT (K.M.S., R.P.D., S.Z., J.H.L., M.G., H.M.K.)
| | - Mary Geda
- Yale School of Public Health, Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT (K.M.S., R.P.D., S.Z., J.H.L., M.G., H.M.K.)
| | - Héctor Bueno
- Department of Cardiology, Instituto de Investigación Gregorio Marañón and Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain (B.)
| | - John Beltrame
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Adelaide, Australia (J.B.)
| | - Basmah Safdar
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT (G.O., B.S.)
| | - Harlan M Krumholz
- Yale School of Public Health, Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT (K.M.S., R.P.D., S.Z., J.H.L., M.G., H.M.K.) Section of Cardiovascular Medicine and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Clinical Scholars Program, Department of Medicine & Yale University School of Medicine; Department of Health Policy and Management, Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT (H.M.K.)
| | - John A Spertus
- University of Missouri Kansas City, Kansas City, MO (K.G.S., J.A.S.) Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, MO (K.G.S., J.A.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Levine DA, Davydow DS, Hough CL, Langa KM, Rogers MAM, Iwashyna TJ. Functional disability and cognitive impairment after hospitalization for myocardial infarction and stroke. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2014; 7:863-71. [PMID: 25387772 PMCID: PMC4241126 DOI: 10.1161/hcq.0000000000000008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We assessed the acute and long-term effect of myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke on postevent functional disability and cognition while controlling for survivors' changes in functioning over the years before the event. METHODS AND RESULTS Among participants in the nationally representative Health and Retirement Study with linked Medicare data (1998-2010), we determined within-person changes in functional limitations (basic and instrumental activities of daily living) and cognitive impairment after hospitalization for stroke (n=432) and MI (n=450), controlling for premorbid functioning using fixed-effects regression. In persons without baseline impairments, an acute MI yielded a mean acute increase of 0.41 functional limitations (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.18-0.63) with a linear increase of 0.14 limitations/year in the following decade. These increases were 0.65 limitations (95% CI, 0.07-1.23) and 0.27 limitations/year afterward for those with mild-to-moderate impairment at baseline. Stroke resulted in an acute increase of 2.07 (95% CI, 1.51-2.63) limitations because of the acute event and an increase of 0.15 limitations/year afterward for those unimpaired at baseline. There were 2.65 new limitations (95% CI, 1.86-3.44) and 0.19/year afterward for those with baseline mild-to-moderate impairment. Stroke hospitalization was associated with greater odds of moderate-to-severe cognitive impairment (odds ratio, 3.86; 95% CI, 2.10-7.11) at the time of the event, after adjustment for premorbid cognition but MI hospitalization was not. CONCLUSIONS In this population-based cohort, most MI and stroke hospitalizations were associated with significant increases in functional disability at the time of the event and in the decade afterward. Survivors of MI and stroke warrant screening for functional disability over the long-term.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deborah A Levine
- From the Department of Internal Medicine (D.A.L., K.M.L., M.A.M.R., T.J.I.) and the Department of Neurology and the Stroke Program (D.A.L.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Veterans Affairs Center for Clinical Management Research, Ann Arbor, MI (D.A.L., K.M.L., T.J.I.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (D.S.D.) and Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (C.L.H.); and Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (K.M.L., T.J.I.).
| | - Dimitry S Davydow
- From the Department of Internal Medicine (D.A.L., K.M.L., M.A.M.R., T.J.I.) and the Department of Neurology and the Stroke Program (D.A.L.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Veterans Affairs Center for Clinical Management Research, Ann Arbor, MI (D.A.L., K.M.L., T.J.I.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (D.S.D.) and Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (C.L.H.); and Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (K.M.L., T.J.I.)
| | - Catherine L Hough
- From the Department of Internal Medicine (D.A.L., K.M.L., M.A.M.R., T.J.I.) and the Department of Neurology and the Stroke Program (D.A.L.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Veterans Affairs Center for Clinical Management Research, Ann Arbor, MI (D.A.L., K.M.L., T.J.I.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (D.S.D.) and Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (C.L.H.); and Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (K.M.L., T.J.I.)
| | - Kenneth M Langa
- From the Department of Internal Medicine (D.A.L., K.M.L., M.A.M.R., T.J.I.) and the Department of Neurology and the Stroke Program (D.A.L.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Veterans Affairs Center for Clinical Management Research, Ann Arbor, MI (D.A.L., K.M.L., T.J.I.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (D.S.D.) and Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (C.L.H.); and Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (K.M.L., T.J.I.)
| | - Mary A M Rogers
- From the Department of Internal Medicine (D.A.L., K.M.L., M.A.M.R., T.J.I.) and the Department of Neurology and the Stroke Program (D.A.L.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Veterans Affairs Center for Clinical Management Research, Ann Arbor, MI (D.A.L., K.M.L., T.J.I.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (D.S.D.) and Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (C.L.H.); and Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (K.M.L., T.J.I.)
| | - Theodore J Iwashyna
- From the Department of Internal Medicine (D.A.L., K.M.L., M.A.M.R., T.J.I.) and the Department of Neurology and the Stroke Program (D.A.L.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Veterans Affairs Center for Clinical Management Research, Ann Arbor, MI (D.A.L., K.M.L., T.J.I.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (D.S.D.) and Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (C.L.H.); and Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (K.M.L., T.J.I.)
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Kirchberger I, Braitmayer K, Coenen M, Oberhauser C, Meisinger C. Feasibility and psychometric properties of the German 12-item WHO Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0) in a population-based sample of patients with myocardial infarction from the MONICA/KORA myocardial infarction registry. Popul Health Metr 2014. [DOI: 10.1186/s12963-014-0027-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
|
37
|
Shan L, Saxena A, McMahon R. A Systematic Review on the Quality of Life Benefits after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in the Elderly. Cardiology 2014; 129:46-54. [DOI: 10.1159/000360603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
38
|
Leung Yinko SSL, Pelletier R, Behlouli H, Norris CM, Humphries KH, Pilote L. Health-related quality of life in premature acute coronary syndrome: does patient sex or gender really matter? J Am Heart Assoc 2014; 3:jah3598. [PMID: 25074696 PMCID: PMC4310372 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.114.000901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Background Limited data exist as to the relative contribution of sex and gender on health‐related quality of life (HRQL) among patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). This study aims to evaluate the effect of sex and gender‐related variables on long‐term HRQL among young adults with ACS. Methods and Results GENESIS‐PRAXY (GENdEr and Sex determInantS of cardiovascular disease: from bench to beyond‐Premature Acute Coronary SYndrome) is a multicenter, prospective cohort study (January 2009 to August 2013) of adults aged 18 to 55 years, hospitalized with ACS. HRQL was measured at baseline, 1, 6, and 12 months using the Short Form‐12 and Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ) among 1213 patients. Median age was 49 years. Women reported worse HRQL than men over time post‐ACS, both in terms of physical and mental functioning. Gender‐related factors were more likely to be predictors of HRQL than sex. Femininity score, social support, and housework responsibility were the most common gender‐related predictors of HRQL at 12 months. We observed an interaction between female sex and social support (β=0.44 [95% confidence interval, 0.01, 0.88]; P=0.047) for the physical limitation subscale of the SAQ. Conclusions Young women with ACS report significantly poorer HRQL than young men. Gender appears to be more important than sex in predicting long‐term HRQL post‐ACS. Specific gender‐related factors, such as social support, may be amenable to interventions and could improve the HRQL of patients with premature ACS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie S L Leung Yinko
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (S.L.L.Y., R.P., H.B., L.P.)
| | - Roxanne Pelletier
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (S.L.L.Y., R.P., H.B., L.P.)
| | - Hassan Behlouli
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (S.L.L.Y., R.P., H.B., L.P.)
| | - Colleen M Norris
- Faculties of Nursing, Medicine and School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada (C.M.N.)
| | - Karin H Humphries
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (K.H.H.) Providence Health Care Research Institute, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver British, Columbia, Canada (K.H.H.)
| | - Louise Pilote
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (S.L.L.Y., R.P., H.B., L.P.) Division of General Internal Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (L.P.)
| | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Barry LC, Ford JD, Trestman RL. Comorbid mental illness and poor physical function among newly admitted inmates in Connecticut's jails. JOURNAL OF CORRECTIONAL HEALTH CARE 2014; 20:135-44. [PMID: 24659760 DOI: 10.1177/1078345813518634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of co-occurring mental illness and poor physical functioning among inmates, and whether there are differences according to age or gender, is largely unknown. Of the 315 new inmate admissions into Connecticut's jails with a current psychiatric diagnosis, 97 (30.9%) had poor physical function. Compared with inmates aged 18 to 24, those aged 25 to 39 and those ≥ 40 had increasingly higher likelihoods of having poor physical function overall, and among men and women separately. Whereas women were more likely to report poor physical functioning than men overall and within age groups 18 to 24 and 25 to 39, the effect of gender was nonsignificant in the oldest age group. Future research should determine whether poor physical function is associated with worse health-related outcomes among inmates with mental illness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa C Barry
- 1Center on Aging, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Quinones PA, Seidl H, Holle R, Kuch B, Meisinger C, Hunger M, Kirchberger I. New potential determinants of disability in aged persons with myocardial infarction: results from the KORINNA-study. BMC Geriatr 2014; 14:34. [PMID: 24645907 PMCID: PMC3994968 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2318-14-34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2013] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Elderly individuals with coronary heart disease are a population particularly burdened by disability. However, to date many predictors of disability established in general populations have not been considered in studies examining disability in elderly acute myocardial infarction (AMI) survivors. Our study explores factors associated with the ability to perform basic activities of daily living in elderly patients with AMI. Methods Baseline data from 333 AMI-survivors older than 64 years included within the randomized controlled KORINNA-study were utilized to examine disability assessed by the Stanford Health Assessment Questionare Disability Index (HAQ-DI). Numerous potential determinants including demographic characteristics, clinical parameters, co-morbidities, interventions, lifestyle, behavioral and personal factors were measured. Disability was defined as a HAQ-DI ≥ 0.5. After bi-variate testing the probability of disability was modeled with logistic regression. Missing covariate values were imputed using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo method. Results Disability was significantly more frequent in older individuals (Odds Ratio (OR): 1.10, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.05-1.16), patients with deficient nutrition (OR: 3.38, 95% CI: 1.60-7.15), coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) (OR: 3.26, 95% CI: 1.29-8.25), hearing loss in both ears (OR: 2.85, 95% CI: 1.41-5.74), diabetes mellitus (OR: 2.56, 95% CI: 1.39-4.72), and heart failure (OR: 3.32, 95% CI: 1.79-6.16). It was reduced in patients with percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) (OR: 0.41, 95% CI: 0.21-0.80) and male sex (OR: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.27-0.85). Conclusions Effects of nutrition, hearing loss, and diametrical effects of PTCA and CABG on disability were identified as relevant for examination of causality in longitudinal trials. Trial registration ISRCTN02893746.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philip Andrew Quinones
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz-Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Freedland KE, Carney RM. Depression as a risk factor for adverse outcomes in coronary heart disease. BMC Med 2013; 11:131. [PMID: 23675637 PMCID: PMC3658994 DOI: 10.1186/1741-7015-11-131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2012] [Accepted: 05/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is firmly established as an independent predictor of mortality and cardiac morbidity in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). However, it has been difficult to determine whether it is a causal risk factor, and whether treatment of depression can improve cardiac outcomes. In addition, research on biobehavioral mechanisms has not yet produced a definitive causal model of the relationship between depression and cardiac outcomes. DISCUSSION Key challenges in this line of research concern the measurement of depression, the definition and relevance of certain subtypes of depression, the temporal relationship between depression and CHD, underlying biobehavioral mechanisms, and depression treatment efficacy. SUMMARY This article examines some of the methodological challenges that will have to be overcome in order to determine whether depression should be regarded as a key target of secondary prevention in CHD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth E Freedland
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, 4320 Forest Park Avenue, St Louis, MO 63108, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Vögele C, Christ O, Spaderna H. Cardiac threat appraisal and depression after first myocardial infarction. Front Psychol 2012; 3:365. [PMID: 23060834 PMCID: PMC3465981 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2012] [Accepted: 09/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated cardiac threat appraisal and its association with depression after first myocardial infarction (MI). A semi-structured interview allowing for DSM-IV-axis I diagnoses was administered to 36 patients after first MI. Patients completed self-reports 5–15 days after the MI (time 1), 6–8 weeks later (time 2), and again 6 months later (time 3). Assessments at time 1 included indices of cardiac threat appraisal, locus of control, coping, and depression while at time 2 and time 3 only measures of depression were obtained. Cardiac threat appraisal was significantly correlated with depression at time 1, but was unrelated to depression scores at time 2 and time 3. Furthermore, there was a significant inverse association between cardiac threat appraisal and the subscales “search for affiliation” and “threat minimization” of the coping questionnaire. Additionally, “search for affiliation” correlated negatively with depression scores at time 1 and time 3, and “threat minimization” negatively with depression scores at time 1 and time 2. These results suggest a significant association between cardiac threat appraisal and depressive symptoms shortly after MI. Practical implications for treatment are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claus Vögele
- Integrative Research Unit on Social and Individual Development, University of Luxembourg Walferdange, Luxembourg
| | | | | |
Collapse
|