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Hsiao C, Tsai T, Shen T, Tsai Y, Liao Y, Lee Y, Tsai P. Characterization of a novel TFG variant causing autosomal recessive pure hereditary spastic paraplegia. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2024; 11:1909-1920. [PMID: 38837630 PMCID: PMC11251477 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.52113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE TFG mutations have previously been implicated in autosomal recessive hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP), also known as SPG57. This study aimed to investigate the clinical and molecular features of TFG mutations in a Taiwanese HSP cohort. METHODS Genetic analysis of TFG was conducted in 242 unrelated Taiwanese HSP patients using a targeted resequencing panel covering the entire coding regions of TFG. Functional assays were performed using an in vitro cell model to assess the impact of TFG variants on protein function. Additionally, other representative TFG mutant proteins were examined to understand the broader implications of TFG mutations in HSP. RESULTS The study identified a novel homozygous TFG c.177A>C (p.(Lys59Asn)) variant in a family with adolescent-onset, pure form HSP. Functional analysis revealed that the Lys59Asn TFG variant, similar to other HSP-associated TFG mutants, exhibited a low affinity between TFG monomers and abnormal assembly of TFG homo-oligomers. These structural alterations led to aberrant intracellular distribution, compromising TFG's protein secretion function and resulting in decreased cellular viability. INTERPRETATION These findings confirm that the homozygous TFG c.177A>C (p.(Lys59Asn)) variant is a novel cause of SPG57. The study expands our understanding of the clinical and mutational spectrum of TFG-associated diseases, highlighting the functional defects associated with this specific TFG variant. Overall, this research contributes to the broader comprehension of the genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying HSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng‐Tsung Hsiao
- Department of NeurologyTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
- Department of NeurologyNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of MedicineTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Tzu‐Yun Tsai
- Department of Life SciencesNational Chung Hsing UniversityTaichungTaiwan
| | - Ting‐Yi Shen
- Department of Life SciencesNational Chung Hsing UniversityTaichungTaiwan
| | - Yu‐Shuen Tsai
- Cancer and Immunology Research CenterNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Yi‐Chu Liao
- Department of NeurologyTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
- Department of NeurologyNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of MedicineTaipeiTaiwan
- Brain Research CenterNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Yi‐Chung Lee
- Department of NeurologyTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
- Department of NeurologyNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of MedicineTaipeiTaiwan
- Brain Research CenterNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
- Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio‐devices (IDS2B)National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityHsinchuTaiwan
| | - Pei‐Chien Tsai
- Department of Life SciencesNational Chung Hsing UniversityTaichungTaiwan
- The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Research CenterNational Chung Hsing UniversityTaichungTaiwan
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Cabras S, Di Pede F, Canosa A, Grassano M, Mongini TE, Gadaleta G, Calvo A, Chiò A, Moglia C, Gallone S. Hereditary motor sensory neuropathy with proximal involvement (HMSN-P) associated with TFG p.Pro285Leu variant in an Italian family with a motor neuron disease-like clinical picture. Muscle Nerve 2024; 69:730-732. [PMID: 38533668 DOI: 10.1002/mus.28088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Cabras
- ALS Center, "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- School of Advanced Studies, Center for Neuroscience, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Francesca Di Pede
- ALS Center, "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Antonio Canosa
- ALS Center, "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- S.C. Neurologia 1U, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
- Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, National Council of Research, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Grassano
- ALS Center, "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Tiziana Enrica Mongini
- S.C. Neurologia 1U, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
- Neuromuscular Center, "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- ERN Euro-NMD, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Giulio Gadaleta
- Neuromuscular Center, "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Calvo
- ALS Center, "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- S.C. Neurologia 1U, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Adriano Chiò
- ALS Center, "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- S.C. Neurologia 1U, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
- Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, National Council of Research, Rome, Italy
- ERN Euro-NMD, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Cristina Moglia
- ALS Center, "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- S.C. Neurologia 1U, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Salvatore Gallone
- S.C. Neurologia 1U, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
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Liu M, Duan Y, Dong J, Zhang K, Jin X, Gao M, Jia H, Chen J, Liu M, Wei M, Zhong X. Early signs of neurodegenerative diseases: Possible mechanisms and targets for Golgi stress. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116646. [PMID: 38692058 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The Golgi apparatus plays a crucial role in mediating the modification, transport, and sorting of intracellular proteins and lipids. The morphological changes occurring in the Golgi apparatus are exceptionally important for maintaining its function. When exposed to external pressure or environmental stimulation, the Golgi apparatus undergoes adaptive changes in both structure and function, which are known as Golgi stress. Although certain signal pathway responses or post-translational modifications have been observed following Golgi stress, further research is needed to comprehensively summarize and understand the related mechanisms. Currently, there is evidence linking Golgi stress to neurodegenerative diseases; however, the role of Golgi stress in the progression of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease remains largely unexplored. This review focuses on the structural and functional alterations of the Golgi apparatus during stress, elucidating potential mechanisms underlying the involvement of Golgi stress in regulating immunity, autophagy, and metabolic processes. Additionally, it highlights the pivotal role of Golgi stress as an early signaling event implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, this study summarizes prospective targets that can be therapeutically exploited to mitigate neurodegenerative diseases by targeting Golgi stress. These findings provide a theoretical foundation for identifying novel breakthroughs in preventing and treating neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyu Liu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Ying Duan
- Liaoning Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Shayang, Liaoning 110005, China
| | - Jianru Dong
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Kaisong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Xin Jin
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Menglin Gao
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Huachao Jia
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Ju Chen
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Mingyan Liu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China.
| | - Minjie Wei
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China; Liaoning Medical Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Shenyang, Liaoning 110167, China.
| | - Xin Zhong
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China.
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Braga VL, Tamanini JVG, Gama SM, Fraiman PHA, Silva TYT, Santos-Neto D, Barsottini OGP, Pedroso JL. Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy Okinawa type mimicking proximal myopathy. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2024; 239:108213. [PMID: 38479034 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2024.108213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy with proximal dominant involvement (HMSN-P), or, Okinawa type, is a rare neuromuscular disorder characterized by proximal dominant neurogenic atrophy and distal sensory alterations with an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. We present a case of a Brazilian woman of Okinawan ancestry, with symmetrical proximal weakness, fasciculations, absent patellar reflexes and positive familial history for the same symptoms. These findings led to genetic testing, which identified a variant in the TFG gene (c.854 C>T;p.(Pro285Leu), confirming the diagnosis of HMSN-P. HMSN-P seemed to be restricted to populations in Okinawa, however, other HMSN-P cases were described in several parts of the world, especially in South America. This case report emphasizes the importance of considering HMSN-P in patients presenting with clinical features resembling proximal myopathy, especially in individuals with Okinawan ancestry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinícius Lopes Braga
- Departament of Neurology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | - Sofia Monaco Gama
- Departament of Neurology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Denizart Santos-Neto
- Departament of Neurology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - José Luiz Pedroso
- Departament of Neurology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Yamamotoya T, Ohata Y, Akasaka Y, Hasei S, Inoue MK, Nakatsu Y, Kanna M, Yamazaki H, Kushiyama A, Fujishiro M, Ono H, Sakoda H, Yamada T, Ishihara H, Asano T. Trk-fused gene plays a critical role in diet-induced adipose tissue expansion and is also involved in thyroid hormone action. PNAS NEXUS 2024; 3:pgae150. [PMID: 38681675 PMCID: PMC11046318 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgae150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Mutations in the Trk-fused gene (TFG) cause hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy with proximal dominant involvement, which reportedly has high co-incidences with diabetes and dyslipidemia, suggesting critical roles of the TFG in metabolism as well. We found that TFG expression levels in white adipose tissues (WATs) were elevated in both genetically and diet-induced obese mice and that TFG deletion in preadipocytes from the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) markedly inhibited adipogenesis. To investigate its role in vivo, we generated tamoxifen-inducible adipocyte-specific TFG knockout (AiTFG KO) mice. While a marked down-regulation of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma target, de novo lipogenesis (DNL), and mitochondria-related gene expressions were observed in subcutaneous WAT (scWAT) from AiTFG KO mice, these effects were blunted in SVF-derived adipocytes when the TFG was deleted after differentiation into adipocytes, implying cell nonautonomous effects. Intriguingly, expressions of thyroid hormone receptors, as well as carbohydrate responsive element-binding protein β, which mediates the metabolic actions of thyroid hormone, were drastically down-regulated in scWAT from AiTFG KO mice. Reduced DNL and thermogenic gene expressions in AiTFG KO mice might be attributable to impaired thyroid hormone action in vivo. Finally, when adipocyte TFG was deleted in either the early or the late phase of high-fat diet feeding, the former brought about an impaired expansion of epididymal WAT, whereas the latter caused prominent adipocyte cell death. TFG deletion in adipocytes markedly exacerbated hepatic steatosis in both experimental settings. Collectively, these observations indicate that the TFG plays essential roles in maintaining normal adipocyte functions, including an enlargement of adipose tissue, thyroid hormone function, and thermogenic gene expressions, and in preserving hypertrophic adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Yamamotoya
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Yukino Ohata
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Akasaka
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Shun Hasei
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Masa-Ki Inoue
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Yusuke Nakatsu
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Machi Kanna
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Hiroki Yamazaki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8606, Japan
| | - Akifumi Kushiyama
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose City, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan
| | - Midori Fujishiro
- Division of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Oyaguchikamicho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Hiraku Ono
- Department of Clinical Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Sakoda
- Department of Bioregulatory Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Yamada
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Yushima 1-5-45, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Hisamitsu Ishihara
- Division of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Oyaguchikamicho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Tomoichiro Asano
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
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Xu L, Wang Y, Wang W, Zhang R, Zhao D, Yun Y, Liu F, Zhao Y, Yan C, Lin P. Novel TFG mutation causes autosomal-dominant spastic paraplegia and defects in autophagy. J Med Genet 2024; 61:325-331. [PMID: 37890998 DOI: 10.1136/jmg-2023-109485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations in the tropomyosin receptor kinase fused (TFG) gene are associated with various neurological disorders, including autosomal recessive hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP), autosomal dominant hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy with proximal dominant involvement (HMSN-P) and autosomal dominant type of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2. METHODS Whole genome sequencing and whole-exome sequencing were used, followed by Sanger sequencing for validation. Haplotype analysis was performed to confirm the inheritance mode of the novel TFG mutation in a large Chinese family with HSP. Additionally, another family diagnosed with HMSN-P and carrying the reported TFG mutation was studied. Clinical data and muscle pathology comparisons were drawn between patients with HSP and patients with HMSN-P. Furthermore, functional studies using skin fibroblasts derived from patients with HSP and patients with HMSN-P were conducted to investigate the pathomechanisms of TFG mutations. RESULTS A novel heterozygous TFG variant (NM_006070.6: c.125G>A (p.R42Q)) was identified and caused pure HSP. We further confirmed that the well-documented recessively inherited spastic paraplegia, caused by homozygous TFG mutations, exists in a dominantly inherited form. Although the clinical features and muscle pathology between patients with HSP and patients with HMSN-P were distinct, skin fibroblasts derived from both patient groups exhibited reduced levels of autophagy-related proteins and the presence of TFG-positive puncta. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that autophagy impairment may serve as a common pathomechanism among different clinical phenotypes caused by TFG mutations. Consequently, targeting autophagy may facilitate the development of a uniform treatment for TFG-related neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Xu
- Department of Neurology and Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Yaru Wang
- Department of Neurology and Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Wenqing Wang
- Department of Neurology and Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Dandan Zhao
- Department of Neurology and Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Yan Yun
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Fuchen Liu
- Department of Neurology and Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Yuying Zhao
- Department of Neurology and Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Chuanzhu Yan
- Department of Neurology and Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Pengfei Lin
- Department of Neurology and Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
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Damiani D, Baggiani M, Della Vecchia S, Naef V, Santorelli FM. Pluripotent Stem Cells as a Preclinical Cellular Model for Studying Hereditary Spastic Paraplegias. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2615. [PMID: 38473862 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Hereditary spastic paraplegias (HSPs) comprise a family of degenerative diseases mostly hitting descending axons of corticospinal neurons. Depending on the gene and mutation involved, the disease could present as a pure form with limb spasticity, or a complex form associated with cerebellar and/or cortical signs such as ataxia, dysarthria, epilepsy, and intellectual disability. The progressive nature of HSPs invariably leads patients to require walking canes or wheelchairs over time. Despite several attempts to ameliorate the life quality of patients that have been tested, current therapeutical approaches are just symptomatic, as no cure is available. Progress in research in the last two decades has identified a vast number of genes involved in HSP etiology, using cellular and animal models generated on purpose. Although unanimously considered invaluable tools for basic research, those systems are rarely predictive for the establishment of a therapeutic approach. The advent of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells allowed instead the direct study of morphological and molecular properties of the patient's affected neurons generated upon in vitro differentiation. In this review, we revisited all the present literature recently published regarding the use of iPS cells to differentiate HSP patient-specific neurons. Most studies have defined patient-derived neurons as a reliable model to faithfully mimic HSP in vitro, discovering original findings through immunological and -omics approaches, and providing a platform to screen novel or repurposed drugs. Thereby, one of the biggest hopes of current HSP research regards the use of patient-derived iPS cells to expand basic knowledge on the disease, while simultaneously establishing new therapeutic treatments for both generalized and personalized approaches in daily medical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devid Damiani
- Molecular Medicine for Neurodegenerative and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Via dei Giacinti 2, 56128 Pisa, Italy
| | - Matteo Baggiani
- Molecular Medicine for Neurodegenerative and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Via dei Giacinti 2, 56128 Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefania Della Vecchia
- Molecular Medicine for Neurodegenerative and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Via dei Giacinti 2, 56128 Pisa, Italy
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Valentina Naef
- Molecular Medicine for Neurodegenerative and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Via dei Giacinti 2, 56128 Pisa, Italy
| | - Filippo Maria Santorelli
- Molecular Medicine for Neurodegenerative and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Via dei Giacinti 2, 56128 Pisa, Italy
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Rosenberg GM, Abskharon R, Boyer DR, Ge P, Sawaya MR, Eisenberg DS. Fibril structures of TFG protein mutants validate the identification of TFG as a disease-related amyloid protein by the IMPAcT method. PNAS NEXUS 2023; 2:pgad402. [PMID: 38077690 PMCID: PMC10703350 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
We previously presented a bioinformatic method for identifying diseases that arise from a mutation in a protein's low-complexity domain that drives the protein into pathogenic amyloid fibrils. One protein so identified was the tropomyosin-receptor kinase-fused gene protein (TRK-fused gene protein or TFG). Mutations in TFG are associated with degenerative neurological conditions. Here, we present experimental evidence that confirms our prediction that these conditions are amyloid-related. We find that the low-complexity domain of TFG containing the disease-related mutations G269V or P285L forms amyloid fibrils, and we determine their structures using cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM). These structures are unmistakably amyloid in nature and confirm the propensity of the mutant TFG low-complexity domain to form amyloid fibrils. Also, despite resulting from a pathogenic mutation, the fibril structures bear some similarities to other amyloid structures that are thought to be nonpathogenic and even functional, but there are other factors that support these structures' relevance to disease, including an increased propensity to form amyloid compared with the wild-type sequence, structure-stabilizing influence from the mutant residues themselves, and double-protofilament amyloid cores. Our findings elucidate two potentially disease-relevant structures of a previously unknown amyloid and also show how the structural features of pathogenic amyloid fibrils may not conform to the features commonly associated with pathogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory M Rosenberg
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA-DOE Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA-DOE Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Romany Abskharon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA-DOE Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA-DOE Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - David R Boyer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA-DOE Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA-DOE Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Peng Ge
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA-DOE Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA-DOE Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Michael R Sawaya
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA-DOE Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA-DOE Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - David S Eisenberg
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA-DOE Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA-DOE Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Shoji H, Sakamoto R, Saito C, Akino K, Taniguchi M. Re-survey of 16 Japanese patients with advanced-stage hereditary motor sensory neuropathy with proximal dominant involvement (HMSN-P): Painful muscle cramps for early diagnosis. Intractable Rare Dis Res 2023; 12:198-201. [PMID: 37662623 PMCID: PMC10468406 DOI: 10.5582/irdr.2023.01051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy with proximal dominant involvement (HMSN-P) is an intractable neurological disease with autosomal dominant inheritance, four-limb weakness, sensory impairment, and a slowly progressive course. HMSN-P patients develop four-limb paralysis at the advanced-stage, as in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). There is a natural 20- to 30-year course from initial painful muscle cramps and four-limb paralysis to respiratory dysfunction. A delay in the diagnosis of HMSN-P occurs due to the 20- to 30-year span from the initial symptom(s) to typical quadriplegia. Its early diagnosis is important, but the involvement of painful muscle cramps as an early symptom has not been clear. Following our earlier survey, we conducted a re-survey focusing on painful muscle cramps, assistive-device use, and hope for specific therapies in 16 Japanese patients with advanced-stage HMSN-P. Fifteen patients presented painful muscle cramps as the initial symptom, and muscle cramps in the lower abdomen including the flank were described by 10 of the patients. The presence of painful muscle cramps including those in the abdominal region may be a clue for the early diagnosis of HMSN-P. Painful abdominal cramps have not described in related diseases, e.g., ALS, spinal muscular atrophy, and Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. Recent patient-welfare improvements and advances in assistive devices including robot-suit assistive limbs are delaying the terminal state of HMSN-P. Regarding specific therapies for HMSN-P, many patients choose both nucleic acid medicine and the application of induced pluripotent stem cells as a specific therapy for HMSN-P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Shoji
- Division of Neurology, St. Mary's Hospital, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Sakamoto
- Division of Neurology, St. Mary's Hospital, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Chisato Saito
- Division of Neurology, St. Mary's Hospital, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kozo Akino
- A member of the House of Councilors, Tokyo Office, Japan
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10
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Higuchi Y, Takashima H. Clinical genetics of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. J Hum Genet 2023; 68:199-214. [PMID: 35304567 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-022-01031-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Recent research in the field of inherited peripheral neuropathies (IPNs) such as Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease has helped identify the causative genes provided better understanding of the pathogenesis, and unraveled potential novel therapeutic targets. Several reports have described the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, molecular pathogenesis, and novel causative genes for CMT/IPNs in Japan. Based on the functions of the causative genes identified so far, the following molecular and cellular mechanisms are believed to be involved in the causation of CMTs/IPNs: myelin assembly, cytoskeletal structure, myelin-specific transcription factor, nuclear related, endosomal sorting and cell signaling, proteasome and protein aggregation, mitochondria-related, motor proteins and axonal transport, tRNA synthetases and RNA metabolism, and ion channel-related mechanisms. In this article, we review the epidemiology, genetic diagnosis, and clinicogenetic characteristics of CMT in Japan. In addition, we discuss the newly identified novel causative genes for CMT/IPNs in Japan, namely MME and COA7. Identification of the new causes of CMT will facilitate in-depth characterization of the underlying molecular mechanisms of CMT, leading to the establishment of therapeutic approaches such as drug development and gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiro Higuchi
- Department of Neurology and Geriatrics, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takashima
- Department of Neurology and Geriatrics, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan.
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11
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Dhakal B, Sapkota S, Parajuli A, Khadka B, Subedi B, Paudel R, Thapa R, Rimal S. A novel TFG variant of uncertain significance in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A case report and review of literature. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2022; 84:104840. [PMID: 36582889 PMCID: PMC9793128 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.104840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a neurodegenerative disease with wide variation of genetics associated with it. Among the different genes described, mutation in TFG is a rare finding in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Case presentation A 35 years old right-handed male presenting with ipsilateral weakness was diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. He was found to have missense variant of TFG with uncertain significance on exome sequencing. Clinical discussion The genetics involved in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is ever-evolving. The identification of new TFG variant in this disease adds another evidence to the role of TFG in neurodegenerative disease. Conclusions The finding of TFG variant of uncertain significance is a rare finding in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. And with the identification of new TFG variant, it leads to further understanding of spectrum of TFG and its pathophysiology in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bishal Dhakal
- Nepalese Army Institute of Health and Sciences, College of Medicine, Kathmandu, Nepal,Corresponding author. Nepalese Army Institute of Health and Sciences, 44600, Kathmandu, Nepal.
| | - Sachin Sapkota
- Maulakalika Hospital Pvt. Ltd, Bharatpur-10, Chitwan, Nepal
| | | | - Bibek Khadka
- Nepalese Army Institute of Health and Sciences, College of Medicine, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Binaya Subedi
- Nepalese Army Institute of Health and Sciences, College of Medicine, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Raju Paudel
- Nepalese Army Institute of Health and Sciences, College of Medicine, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Rohit Thapa
- Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur-10, Chitwan, Nepal
| | - Sabin Rimal
- Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur-10, Chitwan, Nepal
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12
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Zhao HX, Li X, Liu JL, Guan GQ, Luo JX. Changes in TFG gene expression in bovine leucocytes transformed by Theileria annulata. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:997294. [PMID: 36337204 PMCID: PMC9630592 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.997294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Theileria annulata schizont-infected host cells in culture in vitro show unlimited proliferation similar to tumor cells; thus far, T. annulata and T. parva are the only eukaryotes that have been found to transform mammalian cells (immortalized). The transformation of these cells is reversible; when the parasite is eliminated in transformed cells by buparvaquone (BW720c), the host cells show normal growth and apoptosis. TFG is a tropomyosin-receptor kinase fused gene that is conserved among many species and is an important proto-oncogene. In this study, the bovine TFG gene was amplified by PCR from the cDNA of T. annulata schizont-transformed cells, cloned into the pGEX-4T-1 vector and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). After purification, the fusion protein was injected into rabbits to produce polyclonal antibodies. Using T. annulata-transformed cells together with BW720c treatment to kill the parasite, we aimed to identify changes in TFG gene expression by real-time PCR and Western blotting. The results showed that the bovine TFG gene was ~582 bp in size; SDS-PAGE analysis showed that the fusion protein was expressed in BL21 (DE3) cells with a molecular mass of 48 kD, and Western blotting indicated that the polyclonal antibodies could react with bovine TFG proteins from T. annulata-transformed cells and showed high specificity. Compared with that in the control group, the transcription level of the host TFG gene decreased significantly in the BW720c test group, and the expression of host tumor-related TFG protein decreased sharply after 72 h of drug treatment, suggesting that the TFG protein expression in transformed cells was directly related to T. annulata. This finding laid a foundation for further study on the interaction between T. annulata and host cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-xi Zhao
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xia Li
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Jun-long Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Gui-quan Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jian-xun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
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13
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Peotter JL, Pustova I, Lettman MM, Shatadal S, Bradberry MM, Winter-Reed AD, Charan M, Sharkey EE, Alvin JR, Bren AM, Oie AK, Chapman ER, Salamat MS, Audhya A. TFG regulates secretory and endosomal sorting pathways in neurons to promote their activity and maintenance. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2210649119. [PMID: 36161950 PMCID: PMC9546632 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2210649119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular pathways that intrinsically regulate neuronal maintenance are poorly understood, but rare pathogenic mutations that underlie neurodegenerative disease can offer important insights into the mechanisms that facilitate lifelong neuronal function. Here, we leverage a rat model to demonstrate directly that the TFG p.R106C variant implicated previously in complicated forms of hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) underlies progressive spastic paraparesis with accompanying ventriculomegaly and thinning of the corpus callosum, consistent with disease phenotypes identified in adolescent patients. Analyses of primary cortical neurons obtained from CRISPR-Cas9-edited animals reveal a kinetic delay in biosynthetic secretory protein transport from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), in agreement with prior induced pluripotent stem cell-based studies. Moreover, we identify an unexpected role for TFG in the trafficking of Rab4A-positive recycling endosomes specifically within axons and dendrites. Impaired TFG function compromises the transport of at least a subset of endosomal cargoes, which we show results in down-regulated inhibitory receptor signaling that may contribute to excitation-inhibition imbalances. In contrast, the morphology and trafficking of other organelles, including mitochondria and lysosomes, are unaffected by the TFG p.R106C mutation. Our findings demonstrate a multifaceted role for TFG in secretory and endosomal protein sorting that is unique to cells of the central nervous system and highlight the importance of these pathways to maintenance of corticospinal tract motor neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L. Peotter
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705
| | - Iryna Pustova
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705
| | - Molly M. Lettman
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705
| | - Shalini Shatadal
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705
| | - Mazdak M. Bradberry
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705
| | - Allison D. Winter-Reed
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705
| | - Maya Charan
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705
| | - Erin E. Sharkey
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705
| | - James R. Alvin
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705
| | - Alyssa M. Bren
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705
| | - Annika K. Oie
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705
| | - Edwin R. Chapman
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705
- HHMI, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
| | - M. Shahriar Salamat
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705
| | - Anjon Audhya
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705
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14
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Chen X, Liu F, Chen K, Wang Y, Yin A, Kang X, Yang S, Zhao H, Dong S, Li Y, Chen J, Wu Y. TFG mutation induces haploinsufficiency and drives axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease by causing neurite degeneration. CNS Neurosci Ther 2022; 28:2076-2089. [PMID: 35986567 PMCID: PMC9627391 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS TFG-related axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease is a late-onset, autosomal dominant, hereditary motor, and sensory neuropathy characterized by slowly progressive weakness and atrophy of the distal muscles. The objective of this study was to determine the common pathogenic mechanism of TFG-related CMT type 2 (CMT2) caused by different mutations and establish a direct association between TFG haploinsufficiency and neurodegeneration. METHODS Three individuals carrying the TFG p.G269V mutation but with varying disease durations were studied. The effect of the p.G269V mutation was confirmed by analyzing protein samples extracted from the blood of two individuals. The functional consequences of both CMT2 mutant gene products were evaluated in vitro. The effect of TFG deficiency in the nervous system was examined using zebrafish models and cultured mouse neurons. RESULTS Overexpression of p.G269V TFG failed to enhance soluble TFG levels by generating insoluble TFG aggregates. TFG deficiency disrupted neurite outgrowth and induced neuronal apoptosis both in vivo and in vitro and further impaired locomotor capacity in zebrafish, which was consistent with the phenotype in patients. Wnt signaling was activated as a protective factor in response to TFG deficiency. CONCLUSION CMT2-related TFG mutation induces TFG haploinsufficiency within cells and drives disease by causing progressive neurite degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xihui Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic MedicineAir Force Medical UniversityXi'anChina,Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinic GeneticsAir Force Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Fangfang Liu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic MedicineAir Force Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Kun Chen
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology and K.K. Leung Brain Research Centre, School of Basic MedicineAir Force Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Yufeng Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic MedicineAir Force Medical UniversityXi'anChina,Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinic GeneticsAir Force Medical UniversityXi'anChina,Medical GeneticsYan'an UniversityYan'anChina
| | - Anan Yin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Department of Plastic surgery, Xijing Institute of Clinical Neuroscience, Xijing HospitalAir Force Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Xiaowei Kang
- Department of radiologyXi'an people's hospital (Xi'an fourth hospital)Xi'anChina
| | - Shanming Yang
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology and K.K. Leung Brain Research Centre, School of Basic MedicineAir Force Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Hanwen Zhao
- Student BrigadeAir Force Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Songqi Dong
- Student BrigadeAir Force Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Yunqing Li
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology and K.K. Leung Brain Research Centre, School of Basic MedicineAir Force Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology and K.K. Leung Brain Research Centre, School of Basic MedicineAir Force Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Yuanming Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic MedicineAir Force Medical UniversityXi'anChina,Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinic GeneticsAir Force Medical UniversityXi'anChina
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15
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Li C, Lin J, Gu X, Hou Y, Liu K, Jiang Q, Ou R, Wei Q, Chen X, Song W, Zhao B, Wu Y, Chen Y, Shang H. Mutation Screening of TFG in α-Synucleinopathy and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Mov Disord 2022; 37:1756-1761. [PMID: 35642252 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, p.R383H in TFG was identified as the disease cause in a family with α-synucleinopathy and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, no further replication has been conducted in larger cohorts. OBJECTIVE The aim was to explore the genetic role of TFG in α-synucleinopathy and ALS. METHODS We analyzed the rare protein-coding variants in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), ALS, multiple system atrophy (MSA), spastic paraplegia (N = 2709), and 7536 controls with whole-exome sequencing. RESULTS Nine rare variants were identified in PD and two in MSA. One PD patient carried the same variant p.R383H. Similarly, this patient developed early-onset PD with bradykinesia and rigidity on the left side as the initial symptoms. However, at the gene level, rare variants of TFG were not enriched in patients. CONCLUSIONS Rare variants of TFG were not enriched in α-synucleinopathy and ALS. However, we could not deny the potential pathogenicity of specific variants such as p.R383H. Further exploration is still necessary. © 2022 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Li
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junyu Lin
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaojing Gu
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanbing Hou
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kuncheng Liu
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qirui Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruwei Ou
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qianqian Wei
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xueping Chen
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Song
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bi Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongping Chen
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huifang Shang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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16
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Rosenberg GM, Murray KA, Salwinski L, Hughes MP, Abskharon R, Eisenberg DS. Bioinformatic identification of previously unrecognized amyloidogenic proteins. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101920. [PMID: 35405097 PMCID: PMC9108986 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-complexity domains (LCDs) of proteins have been shown to self-associate, and pathogenic mutations within these domains often drive the proteins into amyloid aggregation associated with disease. These domains may be especially susceptible to amyloidogenic mutations because they are commonly intrinsically disordered and function in self-association. The question therefore arises whether a search for pathogenic mutations in LCDs of the human proteome can lead to identification of other proteins associated with amyloid disease. Here, we take a computational approach to identify documented pathogenic mutations within LCDs that may favor amyloid formation. Using this approach, we identify numerous known amyloidogenic mutations, including several such mutations within proteins previously unidentified as amyloidogenic. Among the latter group, we focus on two mutations within the TRK-fused gene protein (TFG), known to play roles in protein secretion and innate immunity, which are associated with two different peripheral neuropathies. We show that both mutations increase the propensity of TFG to form amyloid fibrils. We therefore conclude that TFG is a novel amyloid protein and propose that the diseases associated with its mutant forms may be amyloidoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory M Rosenberg
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Biological Chemistry, UCLA-DOE Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Kevin A Murray
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Biological Chemistry, UCLA-DOE Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Lukasz Salwinski
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Biological Chemistry, UCLA-DOE Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Michael P Hughes
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Biological Chemistry, UCLA-DOE Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Romany Abskharon
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Biological Chemistry, UCLA-DOE Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - David S Eisenberg
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Biological Chemistry, UCLA-DOE Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.
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17
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Bisogni G, Romano A, Conte A, Tasca G, Bernardo D, Luigetti M, Di Paolantonio A, Fabrizi GM, Patanella AK, Meleo E, Sabatelli M. Thr124Met myelin protein zero mutation mimicking motor neuron disease. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 2022; 23:299-304. [PMID: 34210210 DOI: 10.1080/21678421.2021.1946086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in myelin protein zero (MPZ) are associated with heterogeneous manifestations. In this study, we report clinical, electrophysiological, pathological, and muscle MRI findings from two relatives with MPZ Thr124Met variants, disclosing different phenotypes. The proband was a 73-year-old female with a 12-year-story of atrophy, weakness, and fasciculations in her proximal and distal lower limbs. EMG examination showed neurogenic signs with active denervation together with reduced sensory action potentials, without sensory symptoms. The initial diagnosis was of a slowly progressive lower motor neuron disease (MND) with subclinical sensory axonal neuropathy. Two years later, the observation of her 60-year-old nephew, who had a distal sensory-motor neuropathy, prompted the analysis of inherited neuropathies-related genes and revealed a MPZ Thr124Met mutation in both cases. Our findings expand the clinical spectrum of MPZ-related neuropathy and highlight that Thr124Met mutation may cause a syndrome mimicking MND. The challenging issue to detect sensory features in the diagnostic MND work up is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Bisogni
- Centro Clinico NEMO-Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italia
| | - Angela Romano
- Centro Clinico NEMO-Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italia
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italia
| | - Amelia Conte
- Centro Clinico NEMO-Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italia
| | - Giorgio Tasca
- UOC Neurologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italia
| | - Daniela Bernardo
- Centro Clinico NEMO-Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italia
| | - Marco Luigetti
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italia
- UOC Neurologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italia
| | | | - Gian Maria Fabrizi
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Agata Katia Patanella
- Centro Clinico NEMO-Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italia
| | - Emiliana Meleo
- Centro Clinico NEMO-Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italia
| | - Mario Sabatelli
- Centro Clinico NEMO-Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italia
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italia
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18
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Involvement of neuronal and muscular Trk-fused gene (TFG) defects in the development of neurodegenerative diseases. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1966. [PMID: 35121777 PMCID: PMC8816932 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05884-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Trk-fused gene (TFG) mutations have been identified in patients with several neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we attempted to clarify the effects of TFG deletions in motor neurons and in muscle fibers, using tissue-specific TFG knockout (vMNTFG KO and MUSTFG KO) mice. vMNTFG KO, generated by crossing TFG floxed with VAChT-Cre, showed deterioration of motor function and muscle atrophy especially in slow-twitch soleus muscle, in line with the predominant Cre expression in slow-twitch fatigue-resistant (S) and fast-twitch fatigue-resistant (FR) motor neurons. Consistently, denervation of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) was apparent in the soleus, but not in the extensor digitorum longus, muscle. Muscle TFG expressions were significantly downregulated in vMNTFG KO, presumably due to decreased muscle IGF-1 concentrations. However, interestingly, MUSTFG KO mice showed no apparent impairment of muscle movements, though a denervation marker, AChRγ, was elevated and Agrin-induced AChR clustering in C2C12 myotubes was inhibited. Our results clarify that loss of motor neuron TFG is sufficient for the occurrence of NMJ degeneration and muscle atrophy, though lack of muscle TFG may exert an additional effect. Reduced muscle TFG, also observed in aged mice, might be involved in age-related NMJ degeneration, and this issue merits further study.
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19
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Yoo D, Lee W, Lee SJ, Sung JJ, Jeon GS, Ban JJ, Shin C, Kim J, Kim HS, Ahn TB. A Novel TFG Mutation in a Korean Family with α-Synucleinopathy and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Mov Disord 2021; 37:384-391. [PMID: 34779525 DOI: 10.1002/mds.28857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tropomyosin-receptor kinase fused gene (TFG) functions as a regulator of intracellular protein packaging and trafficking at the endoplasmic reticulum exit sites. TFG has recently been proposed as a cause of multisystem proteinopathy. OBJECTIVES Here, we describe a Korean family presenting with Parkinson's disease or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis caused by a novel variant of TFG (c.1148 G > A, p.Arg383His). METHODS We collected clinical, genetic, dopamine transporter imaging, nerve conduction, and electromyography data from the seven subjects. To verify the pathogenicity of the R383H variant, we studied cell viability and the abnormal aggregation of α-synuclein and TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) in HeLa cells expressing R383H-TFG. RESULTS The clinical phenotypes of the R383H-TFG mutation varied; of the five family members, one had Parkinson's disease, three had subclinical parkinsonism, and one (the proband) had amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The individual with multiple system atrophy was the proband's paternal cousin, but the TFG genotype was not confirmed due to unavailability of samples. Our in vitro studies showed that R383H-TFG overexpression impaired cell viability. In cells co-expressing R383H-TFG and α-synuclein, insoluble α-synuclein aggregates increased in concentration and were secreted from the cells and co-localized with R383H-TFG. The levels of cytoplasmic insoluble aggregates of TDP-43 increased in HeLa cells expressing R383H-TFG and co-localized with R383H-TFG. CONCLUSIONS Clinical and in vitro studies have supported the pathogenic role of the novel TFG mutation in α-synucleinopathy and TDP-43 proteinopathy. These findings expand the phenotypic spectrum of TFG and suggest a pivotal role of endoplasmic reticulum dysfunction during neurodegeneration. © 2021 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dallah Yoo
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonjae Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Neuroscience Research Institute, and Department of Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Neuramedy Co., Ltd, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Jae Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Neuroscience Research Institute, and Department of Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Joon Sung
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gye Sun Jeon
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Jun Ban
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chaewon Shin
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Center, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Sejong-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungho Kim
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Sun Kim
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Beom Ahn
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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20
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Rashid S, Shah S, Bar-Joseph Z, Pandya R. Dhaka: variational autoencoder for unmasking tumor heterogeneity from single cell genomic data. Bioinformatics 2021; 37:1535-1543. [PMID: 30768159 PMCID: PMC11025345 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btz095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION Intra-tumor heterogeneity is one of the key confounding factors in deciphering tumor evolution. Malignant cells exhibit variations in their gene expression, copy numbers and mutation even when originating from a single progenitor cell. Single cell sequencing of tumor cells has recently emerged as a viable option for unmasking the underlying tumor heterogeneity. However, extracting features from single cell genomic data in order to infer their evolutionary trajectory remains computationally challenging due to the extremely noisy and sparse nature of the data. RESULTS Here we describe 'Dhaka', a variational autoencoder method which transforms single cell genomic data to a reduced dimension feature space that is more efficient in differentiating between (hidden) tumor subpopulations. Our method is general and can be applied to several different types of genomic data including copy number variation from scDNA-Seq and gene expression from scRNA-Seq experiments. We tested the method on synthetic and six single cell cancer datasets where the number of cells ranges from 250 to 6000 for each sample. Analysis of the resulting feature space revealed subpopulations of cells and their marker genes. The features are also able to infer the lineage and/or differentiation trajectory between cells greatly improving upon prior methods suggested for feature extraction and dimensionality reduction of such data. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION All the datasets used in the paper are publicly available and developed software package and supporting info is available on Github https://github.com/MicrosoftGenomics/Dhaka. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Rashid
- Computational Biology Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
| | - Sohrab Shah
- Department of Computer Science
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4E6, Canada
| | - Ziv Bar-Joseph
- Computational Biology Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
- Machine Learning Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
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21
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Aruta F, Severi D, Iovino A, Spina E, Barghigiani M, Ruggiero L, Iodice R, Santorelli FM, Manganelli F, Tozza S. Proximal weakness involvement in the first Italian case of Charcot-Marie-Tooth 2CC harboring a novel frameshift variant in NEFH. J Peripher Nerv Syst 2021; 26:231-234. [PMID: 33987933 DOI: 10.1111/jns.12454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) diseases are a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of disorders. Different variants in the neurofilament heavy chain (NEFH) gene have been described to cause the CMT2CC subtype. Here we report the first Italian patient affected by CMT2CC, harboring a novel variant in NEFH. In describing our patient, we also reviewed previously CMT2CC individuals, and suggested to consider NEFH variant if patients have an axonal sensory-motor neuropathy with a prominent proximal muscles involvement with early requirement of walking aids or wheelchair, remembering a motor neuron disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Aruta
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Science, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Daniele Severi
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Science, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Aniello Iovino
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Science, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Emanuele Spina
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Science, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | | | - Lucia Ruggiero
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Science, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Rosa Iodice
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Science, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | | | - Fiore Manganelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Science, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Stefano Tozza
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Science, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
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22
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Carinci M, Testa B, Bordi M, Milletti G, Bonora M, Antonucci L, Ferraina C, Carro M, Kumar M, Ceglie D, Eck F, Nardacci R, le Guerroué F, Petrini S, Soriano ME, Caruana I, Doria V, Manifava M, Peron C, Lambrughi M, Tiranti V, Behrends C, Papaleo E, Pinton P, Giorgi C, Ktistakis NT, Locatelli F, Nazio F, Cecconi F. TFG binds LC3C to regulate ULK1 localization and autophagosome formation. EMBO J 2021; 40:e103563. [PMID: 33932238 PMCID: PMC8126910 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2019103563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The early secretory pathway and autophagy are two essential and evolutionarily conserved endomembrane processes that are finely interlinked. Although growing evidence suggests that intracellular trafficking is important for autophagosome biogenesis, the molecular regulatory network involved is still not fully defined. In this study, we demonstrate a crucial effect of the COPII vesicle-related protein TFG (Trk-fused gene) on ULK1 puncta number and localization during autophagy induction. This, in turn, affects formation of the isolation membrane, as well as the correct dynamics of association between LC3B and early ATG proteins, leading to the proper formation of both omegasomes and autophagosomes. Consistently, fibroblasts derived from a hereditary spastic paraparesis (HSP) patient carrying mutated TFG (R106C) show defects in both autophagy and ULK1 puncta accumulation. In addition, we demonstrate that TFG activity in autophagy depends on its interaction with the ATG8 protein LC3C through a canonical LIR motif, thereby favouring LC3C-ULK1 binding. Altogether, our results uncover a link between TFG and autophagy and identify TFG as a molecular scaffold linking the early secretion pathway to autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Carinci
- Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy.,Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Laboratory of Technologies for Advanced Therapy (LTTA), Technopole of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Beatrice Testa
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Bordi
- Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy.,Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Giacomo Milletti
- Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy.,Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Bonora
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Laboratory of Technologies for Advanced Therapy (LTTA), Technopole of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Laura Antonucci
- Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Caterina Ferraina
- Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Carro
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Mukesh Kumar
- Computational Biology Laboratory, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Donatella Ceglie
- Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Franziska Eck
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU), München, Germany
| | - Roberta Nardacci
- Department of Epidemiology and Preclinical Research, National Institute for Infectious Diseases IRCCS "L. Spallanzani", Rome, Italy
| | - Francois le Guerroué
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU), München, Germany
| | - Stefania Petrini
- Confocal Microscopy Core Facility, Research Laboratories, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Ignazio Caruana
- Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Doria
- Confocal Microscopy Core Facility, Research Laboratories, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Camille Peron
- UO Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Lambrughi
- Computational Biology Laboratory, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Valeria Tiranti
- UO Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Christian Behrends
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU), München, Germany
| | - Elena Papaleo
- Computational Biology Laboratory, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Translational Disease Systems Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Paolo Pinton
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Laboratory of Technologies for Advanced Therapy (LTTA), Technopole of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Carlotta Giorgi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Laboratory of Technologies for Advanced Therapy (LTTA), Technopole of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - Franco Locatelli
- Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy.,Department of Gynecology/Obstetrics and Pediatrics, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Nazio
- Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Cecconi
- Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy.,Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,Unit of Cell Stress and Survival, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
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23
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Khorrami M, Tabatabaiefar MA, Khorram E, Yaghini O, Rezaei M, Hejazifar A, Riahinezhad M, Kheirollahi M. Homozygous TFG gene variants expanding the mutational and clinical spectrum of hereditary spastic paraplegia 57 and a review of literature. J Hum Genet 2021; 66:973-981. [PMID: 33767317 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-021-00919-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the tropomyosin-receptor kinase fused gene (TFG) has been linked to diverse hereditary neurodegenerative disorders, including a very rare complex hereditary spastic paraplegia, named spastic paraplegia type 57 (SPG57). Until now, four pathogenic homozygous variants of the TFG gene have been reported associated with SPG57. Two consanguineous Iranian families (1 and 2), the first one with two affected members and the second one with one, all with an early-onset progressive muscle weakness, spasticity, and several neurological symptoms were examined via the whole-exome sequencing. Two homozygous missense variants including c.41A>G (p.Lys14Arg) and c.316C>T (p.Arg106Cys) have been found in the related families. The candidate variants were confirmed by Sanger sequencing and found to co-segregate with the disease in families. The bioinformatics analysis showed the deleterious effects of these nucleotide changes and the variants were classified as pathogenic according to ACMG guidelines. A comparison of the clinical presentation of the patients harboring c.41A>G (p.Lys14Arg) with previously reported SPG57 revealed variability in the severity state and unreported clinical presentation, including, facial atrophy, nystagmus, hyperelastic skin, cryptorchidism, hirsutism, kyphoscoliosis, and pectus excavatum. The affected member of the second family carried a previously reported homozygous c.316C>T (p.Arg106Cys) variant and displayed a complex HSP including optic atrophy. Remarkable clinical differences were observed between the family 1 and 2 harboring the c.41A>G (p.Lys14Arg) and c.316C>T (p.Arg106Cys) variants, which could be attributed to the distinct affected domains (PB1 domains and coiled-coil domains), and therefore, SPG57 might have been representing phenotype vs. variant position correlation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Khorrami
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Tabatabaiefar
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Erfan Khorram
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Omid Yaghini
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Growth and Development Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mojgan Rezaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
| | - Arash Hejazifar
- Department of Biology, School of Sciences, The University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Riahinezhad
- Department of Radiology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Majid Kheirollahi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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24
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Maeda K, Idehara R, Mukaisho KI. Presence of colocalised phosphorylated TDP-43 and TFG proteins in the frontotemporal lobes of HMSN-P. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2020; 91:1231-1232. [PMID: 32855292 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2020-323506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kengo Maeda
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organisation Higashiomi General Medical Center, Higashi-ohmi, Japan
| | - Ryo Idehara
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organisation Higashiomi General Medical Center, Higashi-ohmi, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Mukaisho
- Department of Pathology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
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25
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Wu DW, Li Y, Yin X, Zhang B. A novel TFG c.793C>G mutation in a Chinese pedigree with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease 2. Brain Behav 2020; 10:e01724. [PMID: 32666699 PMCID: PMC7507360 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mutations within TFG gene were recently reported to cause Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease 2 (CMT2). However, only few pedigrees were documented so far. Here, we reported a Chinese CMT2 pedigree with 8 affected cases and a novel TFG mutation. METHODS Clinical evaluation and electrophysiological study were performed in all the affected individuals. Whole-exome sequencing was conducted, followed by the Sanger sequencing and co-segregation analysis to verify the variants. RESULTS All cases presented with a phenotype of CMT2, including slowly progressive symmetrical muscle atrophy and weakness predominantly in the distal limbs. Sensory loss in the distal limbs was present in the proband and his father. Age at onset ranged from 37 to 44 years, and was younger in male cases, compared with female cases. Nerve conduction study revealed normal motor nerve conduction velocity but decreased compound muscle action potential. Electromyography test revealed fibrillation potential and positive sharp waves. The creatine kinase activity was increased in all cases. After genetic investigations, we identified a novel TFG c.793C>G (p.Pro265Ala) mutation in the family. This mutation alters the conserved amino acid residue and is absent in 1000G, ExAC, dbSNP, EP6500, and 200 in-house controls. It co-segregated with the disease in the family. CONCLUSIONS Our report provided additional evidence that the heterozygous TFG mutations were associated with CMT2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding-Wen Wu
- Department of Genetics and Metabolism, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Neonatal Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanfang Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinzhen Yin
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Baorong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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26
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Tunca C, Şeker T, Akçimen F, Coşkun C, Bayraktar E, Palvadeau R, Zor S, Koçoğlu C, Kartal E, Şen NE, Hamzeiy H, Özoğuz Erimiş A, Norman U, Karakahya O, Olgun G, Akgün T, Durmuş H, Şahin E, Çakar A, Başar Gürsoy E, Babacan Yıldız G, İşak B, Uluç K, Hanağası H, Bilgiç B, Turgut N, Aysal F, Ertaş M, Boz C, Kotan D, İdrisoğlu H, Soysal A, Uzun Adatepe N, Akalın MA, Koç F, Tan E, Oflazer P, Deymeer F, Taştan Ö, Çiçek AE, Kavak E, Parman Y, Başak AN. Revisiting the complex architecture of ALS in Turkey: Expanding genotypes, shared phenotypes, molecular networks, and a public variant database. Hum Mutat 2020; 41:e7-e45. [PMID: 32579787 DOI: 10.1002/humu.24055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The last decade has proven that amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is clinically and genetically heterogeneous, and that the genetic component in sporadic cases might be stronger than expected. This study investigates 1,200 patients to revisit ALS in the ethnically heterogeneous yet inbred Turkish population. Familial ALS (fALS) accounts for 20% of our cases. The rates of consanguinity are 30% in fALS and 23% in sporadic ALS (sALS). Major ALS genes explained the disease cause in only 35% of fALS, as compared with ~70% in Europe and North America. Whole exome sequencing resulted in a discovery rate of 42% (53/127). Whole genome analyses in 623 sALS cases and 142 population controls, sequenced within Project MinE, revealed well-established fALS gene variants, solidifying the concept of incomplete penetrance in ALS. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) with whole genome sequencing data did not indicate a new risk locus. Coupling GWAS with a coexpression network of disease-associated candidates, points to a significant enrichment for cell cycle- and division-related genes. Within this network, literature text-mining highlights DECR1, ATL1, HDAC2, GEMIN4, and HNRNPA3 as important genes. Finally, information on ALS-related gene variants in the Turkish cohort sequenced within Project MinE was compiled in the GeNDAL variant browser (www.gendal.org).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceren Tunca
- Suna and İnan Kıraç Foundation, Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory (NDAL), Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.,Suna and İnan Kıraç Foundation, Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory (NDAL), Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Boğaziçi University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tuncay Şeker
- Genomize Inc., Boğaziçi University Technology Development Region, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fulya Akçimen
- Suna and İnan Kıraç Foundation, Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory (NDAL), Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Boğaziçi University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cemre Coşkun
- Suna and İnan Kıraç Foundation, Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory (NDAL), Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Boğaziçi University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Elif Bayraktar
- Suna and İnan Kıraç Foundation, Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory (NDAL), Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Robin Palvadeau
- Suna and İnan Kıraç Foundation, Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory (NDAL), Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Seyit Zor
- Genomize Inc., Boğaziçi University Technology Development Region, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cemile Koçoğlu
- Suna and İnan Kıraç Foundation, Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory (NDAL), Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Boğaziçi University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ece Kartal
- Suna and İnan Kıraç Foundation, Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory (NDAL), Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Boğaziçi University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nesli Ece Şen
- Suna and İnan Kıraç Foundation, Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory (NDAL), Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Boğaziçi University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hamid Hamzeiy
- Suna and İnan Kıraç Foundation, Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory (NDAL), Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Boğaziçi University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aslıhan Özoğuz Erimiş
- Suna and İnan Kıraç Foundation, Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory (NDAL), Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Boğaziçi University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Utku Norman
- Department of Computer Engineering, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Oğuzhan Karakahya
- Department of Computer Engineering, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gülden Olgun
- Department of Computer Engineering, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Tahsin Akgün
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, American Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hacer Durmuş
- Department of Neurology, Istanbul Medical School, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Erdi Şahin
- Department of Neurology, Istanbul Medical School, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Arman Çakar
- Department of Neurology, Istanbul Medical School, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esra Başar Gürsoy
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakıf University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gülsen Babacan Yıldız
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakıf University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Barış İşak
- Department of Neurology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kayıhan Uluç
- Department of Neurology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Haşmet Hanağası
- Department of Neurology, Istanbul Medical School, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Başar Bilgiç
- Department of Neurology, Istanbul Medical School, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nilda Turgut
- Department of Neurology, Namık Kemal University School of Medicine, Tekirdağ, Turkey
| | - Fikret Aysal
- Department of Neurology, Medipol University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Ertaş
- Department of Neurology, Istanbul Medical School, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cavit Boz
- Department of Neurology, Karadeniz Technical University School of Medicine, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Dilcan Kotan
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Halil İdrisoğlu
- Department of Neurology, Istanbul Medical School, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aysun Soysal
- Department of Neurology, Bakırköy Research and Training Hospital for Neurologic and Psychiatric Diseases, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nurten Uzun Adatepe
- Department of Neurology, Cerrahpaşa Medical School, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ali Akalın
- Department of Neurology, Cerrahpaşa Medical School, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Filiz Koç
- Department of Neurology, Çukurova University Medical School, Adana, Turkey
| | - Ersin Tan
- Department of Neurology, Hacettepe University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Piraye Oflazer
- Department of Neurology, Istanbul Medical School, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Feza Deymeer
- Department of Neurology, Istanbul Medical School, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Öznur Taştan
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sabancı University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - A Ercüment Çiçek
- Department of Computer Engineering, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey.,Department of Computational Biology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Erşen Kavak
- Genomize Inc., Boğaziçi University Technology Development Region, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yeşim Parman
- Department of Neurology, Istanbul Medical School, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - A Nazlı Başak
- Suna and İnan Kıraç Foundation, Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory (NDAL), Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.,Suna and İnan Kıraç Foundation, Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory (NDAL), Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Boğaziçi University, Istanbul, Turkey
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27
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Yarwood R, Hellicar J, Woodman PG, Lowe M. Membrane trafficking in health and disease. Dis Model Mech 2020; 13:13/4/dmm043448. [PMID: 32433026 PMCID: PMC7197876 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.043448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane trafficking pathways are essential for the viability and growth of cells, and play a major role in the interaction of cells with their environment. In this At a Glance article and accompanying poster, we outline the major cellular trafficking pathways and discuss how defects in the function of the molecular machinery that mediates this transport lead to various diseases in humans. We also briefly discuss possible therapeutic approaches that may be used in the future treatment of trafficking-based disorders. Summary: This At a Glance article and poster summarise the major intracellular membrane trafficking pathways and associated molecular machineries, and describe how defects in these give rise to disease in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Yarwood
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - John Hellicar
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Philip G Woodman
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Martin Lowe
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
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28
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Miura S, Kosaka K, Shimojo T, Matsuura E, Noda K, Fujioka R, Mori SI, Umehara F, Iwaki T, Yamamoto K, Saitsu H, Shibata H. Intronic variant in IQGAP3 associated with hereditary neuropathy with proximal lower dominancy, urinary disturbance, and paroxysmal dry cough. J Hum Genet 2020; 65:717-725. [PMID: 32341455 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-020-0761-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In 2008, we reported a clinically and genetically new type of autosomal dominant disorder of motor and sensory neuropathy with proximal dominancy in the lower extremities, urinary disturbance, and paroxysmal dry cough. To identify the nucleotide variant causative of this disease, we reanalyzed the linkage of the original Japanese pedigree including seven newly ascertained subjects with updated information. We assigned the locus of the disease to 1p13.3-q23 (maximum logarithm-of-odds score = 2.71). Exome sequencing for five patients and one healthy relative from the pedigree revealed 2526 patient-specific single-nucleotide variants (SNVs). By rigorous filtering processes using public databases, our linkage results, and functional prediction, followed by Sanger sequencing of the pedigree and 520 healthy Japanese individuals, we identified an intronic SNV in IQGAP3, a gene known to be associated with neurite outgrowth. Upon pathological examination of the sural nerve, moderate, chronic, mainly axonal neuropathy was observed. By histochemical analyses, we observed a patient-specific increase of IQGAP3 expression in the sural nerve. We concluded that the variant of IQGAP3 is associated with the disease in our pedigree.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiroh Miura
- Department of Neurology and Geriatric Medicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, 790-0295, Japan.,Division of Genomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.,Division of Respirology, Neurology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Kengo Kosaka
- Division of Genomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Tomofumi Shimojo
- Division of Genomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Eiji Matsuura
- Department of Neurology and Geriatrics, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan
| | | | - Ryuta Fujioka
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Beppu University Junior College, Beppu, 874-8501, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichiro Mori
- Division of Respirology, Neurology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan.,Department of Neuropathology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Fujio Umehara
- Department of Neurology, Nanpuh Hospital, Kagoshima, 892-8582, Japan
| | - Toru Iwaki
- Department of Neuropathology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Ken Yamamoto
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Hirotomo Saitsu
- Department of Biochemistry, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, 431-3125, Japan
| | - Hiroki Shibata
- Division of Genomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
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29
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Wang B, Stanford KR, Kundu M. ER-to-Golgi Trafficking and Its Implication in Neurological Diseases. Cells 2020; 9:E408. [PMID: 32053905 PMCID: PMC7073182 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane and secretory proteins are essential for almost every aspect of cellular function. These proteins are incorporated into ER-derived carriers and transported to the Golgi before being sorted for delivery to their final destination. Although ER-to-Golgi trafficking is highly conserved among eukaryotes, several layers of complexity have been added to meet the increased demands of complex cell types in metazoans. The specialized morphology of neurons and the necessity for precise spatiotemporal control over membrane and secretory protein localization and function make them particularly vulnerable to defects in trafficking. This review summarizes the general mechanisms involved in ER-to-Golgi trafficking and highlights mutations in genes affecting this process, which are associated with neurological diseases in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA; (B.W.); (K.R.S.)
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Katherine R. Stanford
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA; (B.W.); (K.R.S.)
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Mondira Kundu
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA; (B.W.); (K.R.S.)
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
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30
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Slosarek EL, Schuh AL, Pustova I, Johnson A, Bird J, Johnson M, Frankel EB, Bhattacharya N, Hanna MG, Burke JE, Ruhl DA, Quinney K, Block S, Peotter JL, Chapman ER, Sheets MD, Butcher SE, Stagg SM, Audhya A. Pathogenic TFG Mutations Underlying Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia Impair Secretory Protein Trafficking and Axon Fasciculation. Cell Rep 2020; 24:2248-2260. [PMID: 30157421 PMCID: PMC6152936 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.07.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Length-dependent axonopathy of the corticospinal tract causes lower limb spasticity and is characteristic of several neurological disorders, including hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Mutations in Trk-fused gene (TFG) have been implicated in both diseases, but the pathomechanisms by which these alterations cause neuropathy remain unclear. Here, we biochemically and genetically define the impact of a mutation within the TFG coiled-coil domain, which underlies earlyonset forms of HSP. We find that the TFG (p.R106C) mutation alters compaction of TFG ring complexes, which play a critical role in the export of cargoes from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Using CRISPR-mediated genome editing, we engineered human stem cells that express the mutant form of TFG at endogenous levels and identified specific defects in secretion from the ER and axon fasciculation following neuronal differentiation. Together, our data highlight a key role for TFG-mediated protein transport in the pathogenesis of HSP. Slosarek et al. demonstrate that pathological mutations in TFG, which underlie various forms of neurodegenerative disease, impair secretory protein transport from the endoplasmic reticulum and compromise the ability of axons to self-associate. These findings highlight a critical function for the early secretory pathway in neuronal maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin L Slosarek
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, 440 Henry Mall, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Amber L Schuh
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, 440 Henry Mall, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Iryna Pustova
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, 440 Henry Mall, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Adam Johnson
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, 440 Henry Mall, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Jennifer Bird
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, 440 Henry Mall, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Matthew Johnson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute of Molecular Biophysics, Florida State University, 91 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - E B Frankel
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, 440 Henry Mall, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Nilakshee Bhattacharya
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute of Molecular Biophysics, Florida State University, 91 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Michael G Hanna
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, 440 Henry Mall, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Jordan E Burke
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - David A Ruhl
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Kyle Quinney
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, 440 Henry Mall, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Samuel Block
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, 440 Henry Mall, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Jennifer L Peotter
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, 440 Henry Mall, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Edwin R Chapman
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Michael D Sheets
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, 440 Henry Mall, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Samuel E Butcher
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Scott M Stagg
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute of Molecular Biophysics, Florida State University, 91 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Anjon Audhya
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, 440 Henry Mall, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
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31
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Inherited motor-sensory neuropathy with upper limb predominance associated with the tropomyosin-receptor kinase fused gene. Neuromuscul Disord 2020; 30:227-231. [PMID: 32085962 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2019.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The Tropomyosin-receptor kinase fused gene (TFG) encodes TFG which is expressed in spinal motor neurons, dorsal root ganglia and cranial nerve nuclei, and plays a role in the dynamics of the endoplasmic reticulum. Two dominant missense TFG mutations have previously been reported in limited geographical areas (Far East, Iran, China) in association with hereditary motor sensory neuropathy with proximal involvement (HMSN-P) of the four limbs, or with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2 (CMT2). The 60-year-old female proband belonging to a three-generation Italian family presented with an atypical neuropathy characterized by diffuse painful cramps and prominent motor-sensory impairment of the distal upper limbs. Her sural nerve biopsy showed chronic axonal neuropathy without active degeneration or regeneration. Targeted next-generation sequencing of a panel with 98 genes associated with inherited peripheral neuropathies/neuromuscular disorders identified three candidate genes: TFG, DHTKD1 and DCTN2. In the family, the disease co-segregated with the TFG p.(Gly269Val) variant. TFG should be considered in genetic testing of patients with heterogeneous inherited neuropathy, independently of their ethnic origin.
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32
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Nicolau S, Liewluck T. TFG: At the crossroads of motor neuron disease and myopathy. Muscle Nerve 2019; 60:645-647. [PMID: 31478205 DOI: 10.1002/mus.26692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Nicolau
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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33
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Yamashita S, Kimura E, Zhang Z, Tawara N, Hara K, Yoshimura A, Takashima H, Ando Y. Muscle pathology of hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy with proximal dominant involvement with TFG mutation. Muscle Nerve 2019; 60:739-744. [PMID: 31449671 DOI: 10.1002/mus.26683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy with proximal dominant involvement (HMSN-P) is characterized by adult onset, a slowly progressive course and autosomal dominant inheritance. It remains unclear whether myopathic changes occur histopathologically. METHODS We encountered 2 patients in a family with a heterozygous p.P285L mutation in TRK-fused gene (TFG), which is known to cause HMSN-P. The affected individuals developed proximal-dominant muscle weakness in their 40s, which slowly progressed to a motor neuron disease-like phenotype. RESULTS Muscle biopsy showed myopathic pathology including fiber size variability, increased internal nuclei, fiber splitting, and core-like structures, associated with neurogenic changes: large groups of atrophic fibers and fiber type-grouping. Immunohistochemistry revealed sarcoplasmic aggregates of TFG, TDP-43, and p62 without congophilic material. CONCLUSIONS The present study demonstrates myopathic changes in HMSN-P. Although the mechanisms underlying the skeletal muscle involvement remain to be elucidated, immunohistochemistry suggests that abnormal protein aggregation may be involved in the myopathic pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Yamashita
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - En Kimura
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Ziwei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Nozomu Tawara
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kentaro Hara
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Akiko Yoshimura
- Department of Neurology and Geriatrics, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takashima
- Department of Neurology and Geriatrics, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yukio Ando
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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34
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Nam SH, Choi BO. Clinical and genetic aspects of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease subtypes. PRECISION AND FUTURE MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.23838/pfm.2018.00163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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35
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Khani M, Taheri H, Shamshiri H, Houlden H, Efthymiou S, Alavi A, Nafissi S, Elahi E. Continuum of phenotypes in hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy with proximal predominance and Charcot-Marie-Tooth patients with TFG
mutation. Am J Med Genet A 2019; 179:1507-1515. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Khani
- School of Biology; College of Science, University of Tehran; Tehran Iran
| | - Hanieh Taheri
- School of Biology; College of Science, University of Tehran; Tehran Iran
| | - Hosein Shamshiri
- Department of Neurology; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Henry Houlden
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience; UCL Institute of Neurology; London United Kingdom
| | - Stephanie Efthymiou
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience; UCL Institute of Neurology; London United Kingdom
| | - Afagh Alavi
- Genetics Research Center; University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Shahriar Nafissi
- Department of Neurology; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Elahe Elahi
- School of Biology; College of Science, University of Tehran; Tehran Iran
- Department of Biotechnology; College of Science, University of Tehran; Tehran Iran
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36
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Li J, Meng L, Wu R, Xie Z, Gang Q, Zhang W, Wang Z, Yuan Y. Sural nerve pathology in TFG-associated motor neuron disease with sensory neuropathy. Neuropathology 2019; 39:194-199. [PMID: 30957313 DOI: 10.1111/neup.12555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The tropomyosin-receptor kinase fused gene (TFG) functions in vesicles formation and egress at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). A heterozygous missense mutation c.854C > T (p.Pro285Leu) within TFG has been reported as causative for hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy with proximal predominance. Here, we describe two unrelated Chinese pedigrees with 13 affected members harboring the same variant. The clinical, electrophysiological and pathological findings are consistent with motor neuron disease with sensory neuropathy. The main symptoms were painful muscle cramps, slowly progressive proximal predominant weakness, muscle atrophy, fasciculation and distal sensory disturbance. Electromyography revealed widespread denervation and reinnervation. Sural nerve biopsy revealed severe loss of myelinated fibers. Electron microscopy revealed aggregation of ER with enlarged lumen and small vesicles in the remaining myelinated and unmyelinated axons. The mitochondria are smaller in Schwann cells and axons. Some unmyelinated axons showed disappearance of neurofilament and microtubular structures. This is the first report of c.854C > T mutation within TFG in Chinese population. Our findings not only extend the geographical and phenotypic spectrum of TFG-related neurological disorders, but also confirm the abnormalities of ER and mitochondria in sural nerves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lingchao Meng
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Wu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiying Xie
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Gang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaoxia Wang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
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37
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Boutry M, Morais S, Stevanin G. Update on the Genetics of Spastic Paraplegias. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 2019; 19:18. [DOI: 10.1007/s11910-019-0930-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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38
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Madigan NN, Tracy JA, Litchy WJ, Niu Z, Chen C, Ling K, Milone M. A tropomyosin-receptor kinase-fused gene mutation associates with vacuolar myopathy. NEUROLOGY-GENETICS 2019; 4:e287. [PMID: 30643850 PMCID: PMC6317988 DOI: 10.1212/nxg.0000000000000287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas N Madigan
- Department of Neurology (N.N.M., J.A.T., W.J.L., M.M.), Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (Z.N.), Department of Clinical Genomics (Z.N.), and Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology (C.C., K.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Jennifer A Tracy
- Department of Neurology (N.N.M., J.A.T., W.J.L., M.M.), Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (Z.N.), Department of Clinical Genomics (Z.N.), and Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology (C.C., K.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - William J Litchy
- Department of Neurology (N.N.M., J.A.T., W.J.L., M.M.), Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (Z.N.), Department of Clinical Genomics (Z.N.), and Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology (C.C., K.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Zhiyv Niu
- Department of Neurology (N.N.M., J.A.T., W.J.L., M.M.), Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (Z.N.), Department of Clinical Genomics (Z.N.), and Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology (C.C., K.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Chunhua Chen
- Department of Neurology (N.N.M., J.A.T., W.J.L., M.M.), Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (Z.N.), Department of Clinical Genomics (Z.N.), and Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology (C.C., K.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Kun Ling
- Department of Neurology (N.N.M., J.A.T., W.J.L., M.M.), Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (Z.N.), Department of Clinical Genomics (Z.N.), and Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology (C.C., K.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Margherita Milone
- Department of Neurology (N.N.M., J.A.T., W.J.L., M.M.), Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (Z.N.), Department of Clinical Genomics (Z.N.), and Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology (C.C., K.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
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Abstract
The development of the reprogramming technology led to generation of induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSC) from a variety of somatic cells. Ever since, fast growing knowledge of different efficient protocols enabled the differentiation of these iPSCs into different cells types utilized for disease modeling. Indeed, iPSC-derived cells have been increasingly used for investigating molecular and cellular pathophysiological mechanisms underlying inherited diseases. However, a major barrier in the field of iPSC-based disease modeling relies on discriminating between the effects of the causative mutation and the genetic background of these cells. In the past decade, researchers have made great improvement in genome editing techniques, with one of the latest being CRISPR/Cas9. Using a single non-sequence specific protein combined with a small guiding RNA molecule, this state-of-the-art approach enables modifications of genes with high efficiency and accuracy. By so doing, this technique enables the generation of isogenic controls or isogenic mutated cell lines in order to focus on the pathologies caused by a specific mutation. In this article, we review the latest studies combining iPSC and CRISPR/Cas9 technologies for the investigation of the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying inherited diseases including immunological, metabolic, hematological, neurodegenerative and cardiac diseases.
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40
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Miyabayashi T, Ochiai T, Suzuki N, Aoki M, Inui T, Okubo Y, Sato R, Togashi N, Takashima H, Ishiura H, Tsuji S, Koh K, Takiyama Y, Haginoya K. A novel homozygous mutation of the TFG gene in a patient with early onset spastic paraplegia and later onset sensorimotor polyneuropathy. J Hum Genet 2018; 64:171-176. [DOI: 10.1038/s10038-018-0538-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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41
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R106C TFG variant causes infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy "plus" syndrome. Neurogenetics 2018; 19:179-187. [PMID: 29971521 DOI: 10.1007/s10048-018-0552-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
TFG (tropomyosin-receptor kinase fused gene) encodes an essential protein in the regulation of vesicular trafficking between endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. The homozygous variant c.316C > T within TFG has been previously associated with a complicated hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) phenotype in two unrelated Indian families. Here, we describe the first Italian family with two affected siblings harboring the same variant, who in childhood were classified as infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy (INAD) based on clinical and neuropathological findings. Twenty years after the first diagnosis, exome sequencing was instrumental to identify the genetic cause of this disorder and clinical follow-up of patients allowed us to reconstruct the natural history of this clinical entity. Investigations on patient's fibroblasts demonstrate the presence of altered mitochondrial network and inner membrane potential, associated with metabolic impairment. Our study highlights phenotypic heterogeneity characterizing individuals carrying the same pathogenic variant in TFG and provides an insight on tight connection linking mitochondrial efficiency and neuronal health to vesicular trafficking.
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Takeuchi S, Tooyama I. TRK-fused Gene Protein Localization Is Prominent in Serotonergic and Noradrenergic Cell Groups, and Some Lower Motor Neurons in the Corticospinal Tract of the Rat Brainstem. Acta Histochem Cytochem 2018; 51:111-118. [PMID: 30083019 PMCID: PMC6066645 DOI: 10.1267/ahc.18006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The TRK-fused gene (TFG) is reported to be involved in the regulation of cell size, apoptosis, cell growth, ER-Golgi protein secretion, NF-κβ pathway signaling, the ubiquitin-proteasome system, and pancreatic β-cell mass and function. TFG mutations were reported in some neurodegenerative diseases affecting sensory and motor functions. However, the function of TFG in the nervous system and how TFG mutations lead to neurodegeneration remain unclear. In this study, we employed double immunohistochemistry to investigate the details of TFG localization patterns in monoaminergic and cholinergic neurons in the brainstem. Intense TFG immunoreactivity was observed in the dorsal raphe nucleus, the locus coeruleus, and the ventral horn of the spinal cord. TFG immunoreactivity was observed in some serotonergic neurons in all B1–B9 cell groups, and some noradrenergic neurons in all A1–A7 cell groups in the rat brainstem, while no immunoreactivity was observed in the dopaminergic neurons in A8–A10 cell groups. TFG immunoreactivity was observed in all ChAT-positive motor nuclei in the lower corticospinal tract of the rat brainstem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeko Takeuchi
- Molecular Neuroscience Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science
| | - Ikuo Tooyama
- Molecular Neuroscience Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science
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43
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Nam DE, Jung SC, Yoo DH, Choi SS, Seo SY, Kim GH, Kim SJ, Nam SH, Choi BO, Chung KW. Axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy concurrent with distal and proximal weakness by translational elongation of the 3' UTR in NEFH. J Peripher Nerv Syst 2018; 22:200-207. [PMID: 28544463 DOI: 10.1111/jns.12223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the NEFH gene encoding the heavy neurofilament protein are usually associated with neuronal damage and susceptibility to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Recently, frameshift variants in NEFH (p.Asp1004Glnfs*58 and p.Pro1008Alafs*56) have been reported to be the underlying cause of axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2CC (CMT2CC). The frameshift mutation resulted in a stop loss and translation of a cryptic amyloidogenic element (CAE) encoded by the 3' untranslated region (UTR). This study also identified a de novo c.3015_3027dup frameshift mutation predicting p.Lys1010Glnfs*57 in NEFH from a CMT2 family with an atypical clinical symptom of prominent proximal weakness. This mutation is located near the previously reported frameshift mutations, suggesting a mutational hotspot. Lower limb magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed marked hyperintense signal changes in the thigh muscles compared with those in the calf muscles. Therefore, this study suggests that the stop loss and translational elongations by the 3' UTR of the NEFH mutations may be a relatively frequent genetic cause of axonal peripheral neuropathy with the specific characteristics of proximal dominant weakness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Eun Nam
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju, Korea
| | - Sung-Chul Jung
- Department of Biochemistry, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Da Hye Yoo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju, Korea
| | - Sun Seong Choi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju, Korea
| | - Sung-Yum Seo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju, Korea
| | - Gwang Hoon Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju, Korea
| | - Song Ja Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju, Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Nam
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju, Korea.,Department of Neurology, and Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung-Ok Choi
- Department of Neurology, and Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki Wha Chung
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju, Korea
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44
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Abe K. [An early history of Japanese amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)-related diseases and the current development]. Rinsho Shinkeigaku 2018; 58:141-165. [PMID: 29491329 DOI: 10.5692/clinicalneurol.cn-001095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The present review focuses an early history of Japanese amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)-related diseases and the current development. In relation to foreign previous reports, five topics are introduced and discussed on ALS with dementia, ALS/Parkinsonism dementia complex (ALS/PDC), familial ALS (FALS), spinal bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA), and multisystem involvement especially in cerebellar system of ALS including ALS/SCA (spinocerebellar ataxia) crossroad mutation Asidan. This review found the great contribution of Japanese reports on the above five topics, and confirmed the great development of ALS-related diseases over the past 120 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Abe
- Department of Neurology, Okayama University Medical School
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45
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Fujisaki N, Suwazono S, Suehara M, Nakachi R, Kido M, Fujiwara Y, Oshiro S, Tokashiki T, Takashima H, Nakagawa M. The natural history of hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy with proximal dominant involvement (HMSN-P) in 97 Japanese patients. Intractable Rare Dis Res 2018; 7:7-12. [PMID: 29552439 PMCID: PMC5849632 DOI: 10.5582/irdr.2017.01084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy with proximal dominant involvement (HMSN-P) is a motor and sensory neuronopathy with autosomal dominant inheritance, adult onset, slowly progressive course, and is associated with TRK-fused gene (TFG) mutation. At advanced stages, respiratory failure and dysphagia becomes life-threatoning, and patients typically die by their 70s. Although there is currently no evidence for effective treatment, a therapy may be found by elucidation of the function of TFG. Recently its pathomechanism has been proposed to be associated with abnormalities in protein transfer from the endoplasmic reticulum. Such pathomechanisms might involve a similar process in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; thus, its pathomechanisms and treatment strategy might make it a good model for neurodegenerative disorders. It is of great value to clarify the natural history of HMSN-P, in oder to judge the treatment effect. By evaluating 97 patients (79 out of 97 were examined and all confirmed with p.Pro 285 Leu mutation) in this study, it was confirmed that this disease follows a uniform course in the earlier stages, and there are individual differences in the onset between 20 and 30 years. Such uniformity might be due to the proposed single gene abnormality. At advanced stages, there are larger individual differences in the progression, but the reasons for these are unknown. Longer survival might be achieved with a better care for respiratory failure and dysphagia if such cares were undertaken at appropriate times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsumi Fujisaki
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Okinawa National Hospital, Ginowan, Japan
| | - Shugo Suwazono
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Okinawa National Hospital, Ginowan, Japan
- Center for Clinical Neuroscience, National Hospital Organization Okinawa National Hospital, Ginowan, Japan
- Address correspondence to: Dr. Shugo Suwazono, National Hospital Organization Okinawa Hospital, 3-20-14, Ganeko, Ginowan, Okinawa 901-2214, Japan. E-mail:
| | - Masahito Suehara
- Department of Neurology, Fujimoto General Hospital/Fujimoto Medical System, Miyakonojou, Japan
| | - Ryo Nakachi
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Okinawa National Hospital, Ginowan, Japan
| | - Miwako Kido
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Okinawa National Hospital, Ginowan, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Fujiwara
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Okinawa National Hospital, Ginowan, Japan
| | - Saki Oshiro
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Okinawa National Hospital, Ginowan, Japan
| | - Takashi Tokashiki
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Okinawa National Hospital, Ginowan, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takashima
- Department of Neurology and Geriatrics, Kagoshima University, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Masanori Nakagawa
- North Medical Center, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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46
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Selection of internal references for qRT-PCR assays of human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines. Biosci Rep 2017; 37:BSR20171281. [PMID: 29180379 PMCID: PMC5741833 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20171281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Selecting internal references is important for normalizing the loading quantity of samples in quantitative reverse-transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). In the present study, a systematic evaluation of reference genes among nine hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines was conducted. After screening the microarray assay data of ten HCC cell lines, 19 candidate reference genes were preselected and then evaluated by qRT-PCR, together with ACTB, GAPDH, HPRT1 and TUBB The expression evenness of these candidate genes was evaluated using RefFinder. The stabilities of the reference genes were further evaluated under different experimental perturbations in Huh-7 and MHCC-97L, and the applicability of the reference genes was assessed by measuring the mRNA expression of CCND1, CCND3, CDK4 and CDK6 under sorafenib treatment in Huh-7. Results showed that TFG and SFRS4 are among the most reliable reference genes, and ACTB ranks third and acts quite well as a classical choice, whereas GAPDH, HPRT1 and TUBB are not proper reference genes in qRT-PCR assays among the HCC cell lines. SFRS4, YWHAB, SFRS4 and CNPY3 are the most stable reference genes of the MHCC-97L under the perturbations of chemotherapy, oxidative stress, starvation and hypoxia respectively, whereas YWHAB is the most stable one of Huh-7 under all perturbations. GAPDH is recommended as a reference gene under chemotherapy perturbations. YWHAB and UBE2B, TMED2 and TSFM, and GAPDH and TSFM are the two best reference genes under oxidative stress, starvation and hypoxia perturbations respectively. TSFM is stable in both cell lines across all the perturbations.
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Trk-fused gene (TFG) regulates pancreatic β cell mass and insulin secretory activity. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13026. [PMID: 29026155 PMCID: PMC5638802 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13432-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The Trk-fused gene (TFG) is reportedly involved in the process of COPII-mediated vesicle transport and missense mutations in TFG cause several neurodegenerative diseases including hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy with proximal dominant involvement (HMSN-P). The high coincidence ratio between HMSN-P and diabetes mellitus suggests TFG to have an important role(s) in glucose homeostasis. To examine this possibility, β-cell specific TFG knockout mice (βTFG KO) were generated. Interestingly, βTFG KO displayed marked glucose intolerance with reduced insulin secretion. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed smaller β-cell masses in βTFG KO than in controls, likely attributable to diminished β-cell proliferation. Consistently, β-cell expansion in response to a high-fat, high-sucrose (HFHS) diet was significantly impaired in βTFG KO. Furthermore, glucose-induced insulin secretion was also markedly impaired in islets isolated from βTFG KO. Electron microscopic observation revealed endoplasmic reticulum (ER) dilatation, suggestive of ER stress, and smaller insulin crystal diameters in β-cells of βTFG KO. Microarray gene expression analysis indicated downregulation of NF-E2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its downstream genes in TFG depleted islets. Collectively, TFG in pancreatic β-cells plays a vital role in maintaining both the mass and function of β-cells, and its dysfunction increases the tendency to develop glucose intolerance.
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48
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Murakami N, Imamura K, Izumi Y, Egawa N, Tsukita K, Enami T, Yamamoto T, Kawarai T, Kaji R, Inoue H. Proteasome impairment in neural cells derived from HMSN-P patient iPSCs. Mol Brain 2017; 10:7. [PMID: 28196470 PMCID: PMC5310050 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-017-0286-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy with proximal dominant involvement (HMSN-P) is caused by a heterozygous mutation (P285L) in Tropomyosin-receptor kinase Fused Gene (TFG), histopathologically characterized by progressive spinal motor neuron loss with TFG cytosolic aggregates. Although the TFG protein, found as a type of fusion oncoprotein, is known to facilitate vesicle transport from endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to Golgi apparatus at ER exit site, it is unclear how mutant TFG causes motor neuron degeneration. Here we generated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from HMSN-P patients, and differentiated the iPSCs into neural cells with spinal motor neurons (iPS-MNs). We found that HMSN-P patient iPS-MNs exhibited ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) impairment, and HMSN-P patient iPS-MNs were vulnerable to UPS inhibitory stress. Gene correction of the mutation in TFG using the CRISPR-Cas9 system reverted the cellular phenotypes of HMSN-P patient iPS-MNs. Collectively, these results suggest that our cellular model with defects in cellular integrity including UPS impairments may lead to identification of pathomechanisms and a therapeutic target for HMSN-P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagahisa Murakami
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Keiko Imamura
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yuishin Izumi
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Naohiro Egawa
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kayoko Tsukita
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Takako Enami
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Takuya Yamamoto
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Kawarai
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Ryuji Kaji
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Haruhisa Inoue
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
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49
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Tariq H, Naz S. TFG associated hereditary spastic paraplegia: an addition to the phenotypic spectrum. Neurogenetics 2017; 18:105-109. [DOI: 10.1007/s10048-017-0508-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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50
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Kanadome T, Shibata H, Kuwata K, Takahara T, Maki M. The calcium-binding protein ALG-2 promotes endoplasmic reticulum exit site localization and polymerization of Trk-fused gene (TFG) protein. FEBS J 2017; 284:56-76. [PMID: 27813252 DOI: 10.1111/febs.13949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis-linked gene 2 (ALG-2), which is a gene product of PDCD6, is a 22-kDa Ca2+ -binding protein. Accumulating evidence points to a role for ALG-2 as a Ca2+ -responsive adaptor protein. On binding to Ca2+ , ALG-2 undergoes a conformational change that facilitates its interaction with various proteins. It also forms a homodimer and heterodimer with peflin, a paralog of ALG-2. However, the differences in cellular roles for the ALG-2 homodimer and ALG-2/peflin heterodimer are unclear. In the present study, we found that Trk-fused gene (TFG) protein interacted with the ALG-2 homodimer. Immunostaining analysis revealed that TFG and ALG-2 partially overlapped at endoplasmic reticulum exit sites (ERES), a platform for COPII-mediated protein transport from the endoplasmic reticulum. Time-lapse live-cell imaging demonstrated that both green fluorescent protein-fused TFG and mCherry-fused ALG-2 are recruited to ERES after thapsigargin treatment, which raises intracellular Ca2+ levels. Furthermore, overexpression of ALG-2 induced the accumulation of TFG at ERES. TFG has an ALG-2-binding motif and deletion of the motif decreased TFG binding to ALG-2 and shortened its half-life at ERES, suggesting a critical role for ALG-2 in retaining TFG at ERES. We also demonstrated, by in vitro cross-linking assays, that ALG-2 promoted the polymerization of TFG in a Ca2+ -dependent manner. Collectively, the results suggest that ALG-2 acts as a Ca2+ -sensitive adaptor to concentrate and polymerize TFG at ERES, supporting a potential role for ALG-2 in COPII-dependent trafficking from the endoplasmic reticulum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Kanadome
- Department of Applied Molecular Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Japan
| | - Hideki Shibata
- Department of Applied Molecular Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Japan
| | - Keiko Kuwata
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Japan
| | - Terunao Takahara
- Department of Applied Molecular Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Maki
- Department of Applied Molecular Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Japan
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