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Sharif-Nia H, Froelicher ES, Hoseinzadeh E, Kaveh O, Fatehi R, Nowrozi P. Assessing the validity and reliability of the 10-item Persian version of the perceived stress scale in post-surgery patients. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1402122. [PMID: 38895033 PMCID: PMC11184503 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1402122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The 10-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) is commonly used to measure stress levels in postoperative patients, as research shows that high levels of stress can affect postoperative outcomes. By using the PSS-10, healthcare providers can understand patients' psychological well-being before and after surgery, helping improve recovery and overall health. This study focuses on assessing the reliability and validity of the 10-item Persian version of the PSS (PSS-10-P) in postoperative patients. Methods In a methodological study conducted between October to December 2023, a sample of 400 patients who had undergone surgery in 17 Shahrivar Hospital, Amol, Iran were selected using a convenience sampling method. The PSS-10 scale utilized in the study was translated, and its psychometric properties were evaluated through assessments of construct validity, including exploratory (n = 200) and confirmatory (n = 200) factor analysis, convergent validity, and discriminant validity. Furthermore, the study examined the internal consistency of the scale to ensure its reliability. Results The mean age of the participants was 44.38 (SD= 13.49) years. The results of exploratory factor analysis with Promax rotation extracted two factors accounting for 83.82% of the variance comprising 10 items. After necessary modifications during CFA, the final model was approved. As for reliability, the Cronbach's alpha, CR, and MaxR for all constructs were greater than 0.7, demonstrating good internal consistency and construct reliability. Conclusion According to these results, the Persian version of PSS-10 has a valid structure and acceptable reliability. This scale can be used by health professionals in many ways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Sharif-Nia
- Psychosomatic Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Department of Nursing, Amol Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Erika Sivarajan Froelicher
- Department of Physiological Nursing, School of Nursing, and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Esmail Hoseinzadeh
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Gorgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Omolhoda Kaveh
- Department of Nursing, Sari Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Reza Fatehi
- Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Poorya Nowrozi
- Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Nguyen HM, Cherry BJ, Zettel-Watson L. Perceived Stress and Life Stressors in Adults with and without Fibromyalgia. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1233. [PMID: 38927440 PMCID: PMC11200564 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12061233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic medical conditions (i.e., chronic widespread pain) may contribute to accelerated/accentuated aging, such that middle-aged individuals with comorbidities may actually show increased declines in physical, cognitive, and mental health compared to normal aging adults. We examined perceived stress, life stressors, and depression in adults with and without fibromyalgia, a chronic pain condition. Ninety-four participants (52% with fibromyalgia, 78% female) aged 50 to 93 were administered the Perceived Stress Scale, Social Readjustment Rating Scale, and Beck Depression Inventory. Hierarchical regression analyses were conducted: the predictor variables were age, gender, fibromyalgia status, depression, and fibromyalgia-depression interaction. The interaction term significantly predicted perceived stress, but not life stressors. Depression significantly predicted stress for Social Readjustment Rating Scale measures after controlling for covariates. Significant associations were found between perceived stress and life stressors in all participants. In addition, those with fibromyalgia were significantly more likely to report higher levels of stress above standardized scores on both the Perceived Stress Scale and the Social Readjustment Rating Scale. Finally, depressive symptoms played a more significant role than fibromyalgia status in predicting life stressors. Conclusions: These findings emphasize the importance of assessing different types of stress and stressors in individuals with chronic widespread pain and/or depression in mid-life and beyond to better treat individuals with these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha M. Nguyen
- Department of Psychology, California State University, Fullerton, CA 92831, USA; (H.M.N.); (L.Z.-W.)
- Aging Studies Program, California State University, Fullerton, CA 92831, USA
| | - Barbara J. Cherry
- Department of Psychology, California State University, Fullerton, CA 92831, USA; (H.M.N.); (L.Z.-W.)
- Aging Studies Program, California State University, Fullerton, CA 92831, USA
| | - Laura Zettel-Watson
- Department of Psychology, California State University, Fullerton, CA 92831, USA; (H.M.N.); (L.Z.-W.)
- Aging Studies Program, California State University, Fullerton, CA 92831, USA
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Nevado B, Nelson JB. Perceived stress and renewal: The effects of long-term stress on the renewal effect. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2024; 211:107927. [PMID: 38582295 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2024.107927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Two online experiments evaluated the relationship between long-term stress, as measured with the Perceived Stress Scale-10, and the Renewal Effect. In the first experiment renewal was assessed with a behavioral suppression task in a science-fiction based video game. Participants learned to suppress mouse clicking during a signal for an upcoming attack to avoid losing points. The signal was first paired with an attack in Context A and extinguished in Context B and tested back in Context A. The contexts were different space galaxies where the gameplay took place. Experiment 2 used a food/illness predictive-learning paradigm. Two food items were paired with stomachache in one restaurant (A) and extinguished in Context B prior to testing in both contexts without feedback. Positive correlations were obtained between renewal and stress in each experiment. Unlike acute stress (Drexler et al., 2017), long term stress was associated with greater renewal. The effects of stress, both chronic and punctual, on renewal are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borja Nevado
- University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Spain.
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Habibi Asgarabad M, Vahabi Z, Cheung HN, Ahmadi R, Akbarpour S, Sadeghian MH, Etesam F. Perceived social support, perceived stress, and quality of sleep among COVID-19 patients in Iran: assessing measurement invariance of the multidimensional scale of perceived social support across gender and age. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1337317. [PMID: 38699447 PMCID: PMC11063771 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1337317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Perceived social support (PSS) plays a considerable role in mental health. The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) is one of the most widely used scales, leading to much research evidence. The present study investigated its measurement model, equivalence across gender (male and female) and age groups (older patients= above 60 and non-older patients= below 60), and concurrent validity. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted between March and October 2020, on patients hospitalized due to COVID-19 in Tehran, Iran. The scales were administered to 328 COVID-19 patients (54.6% male, aged 21 to 92) from two general hospitals; participants completed MSPSS (including friends, family, and significant others subscales), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI, include sleep latency, subjective sleep quality, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep duration, use of sleep medication, daytime dysfunction, and sleep disturbances subscales), and the Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10, to assess patients' appraisal of stressful conditions). Results The MSPSS three-factor structure was confirmed among COVID-19 patients by Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). The results support the MSPSS internal consistency and configural, metric, and scalar invariance across gender and age groups. Nevertheless, small but significant differences were found across ages based on the latent factor mean of the MSPSS from friends, with a lower mean level in older patients. The coefficients of Cronbach's alpha (ranging from.92 to.96), the ordinal theta (ranging from.95 to.98), and Omega (ranging from.93 to.97) suggested high internal consistency of MSPSS. The concurrent validity of MSPSS was evidenced by its significant negative correlation with PSS-10 (τb = -.13, p <.01) and also subjective sleep quality (τb = -.22, p <.01), sleep disturbances (τb = -.26, p <.001), and daytime dysfunction (τb = -.26, p <.001). Conclusions The MSPSS was valid and reliable for measuring individuals' perception of social support between males and females and older and non-older COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zahra Vahabi
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Ziaeian Hospital, Tehran, Iran
- Cognitive Neurology and Neuropsychiatry Division, Department of Psychiatry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ho Nam Cheung
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Reza Ahmadi
- Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Akbarpour
- Occupational Sleep Research Center, Baharloo Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Sadeghian
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farnaz Etesam
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Ziaeian Hospital, Tehran, Iran
- Psychosomatic Medicine Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran, Iran
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Kang J, Moser DK, Lennie TA, Chung ML, Thomas DT, Biddle MJ. Diet Quality Mediates the Relationship Between Chronic Stress and Inflammation in Patients With Metabolic Syndrome. J Cardiovasc Nurs 2024:00005082-990000000-00159. [PMID: 38192030 PMCID: PMC11231055 DOI: 10.1097/jcn.0000000000001072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic stress is associated with promotion of inflammation and development of metabolic syndrome, as well as deterioration of diet quality. Inflammation can be modified by changes in dietary intake. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that diet quality mediates the relationship of chronic stress with inflammation in patients with metabolic syndrome. METHODS Participants with metabolic syndrome (n = 73, 62 ± 12 years old, 71% female) completed questionnaires on chronic stress (Perceived Stress Scale-10) and diet quality (Healthy Eating Index-2020). The Perceived Stress Scale-10 was dichotomized. The Healthy Eating Index-2020 score was used as a continuous variable, and higher scores indicate better diet quality. Inflammation was assessed using plasma high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (log-transformed). We used PROCESS in SPSS to test the hypothesis. RESULTS Patients in the higher stress group had lower Healthy Eating Index-2020 scores (worse diet quality) than those in the lower stress group (57 ± 13 vs 64 ± 10, P = .01). Diet quality mediated the relationship between chronic stress and inflammation (indirect effect, 0.211; 95% bootstrap confidence interval, 0.006-0.496). Higher stress was associated with lower diet quality (effect, -7.152; 95% confidence interval, -13.168 to -1.137) that was associated with increased inflammation (effect, -0.030; 95% confidence interval, -0.052 to -0.007). CONCLUSIONS Our findings show the important role of diet quality in the relationship of chronic stress with inflammation in patients with metabolic syndrome. Healthcare providers should encourage patients with higher stress to improve diet quality, which can decrease inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- JungHee Kang
- College of Nursing, University of Kentucky, 2201 Regency Rd, Suite 403, Lexington, KY 40503, USA
| | - Debra K. Moser
- College of Nursing, University of Kentucky, 2201 Regency Rd, Suite 403, Lexington, KY 40503, USA
| | - Terry A. Lennie
- College of Nursing, University of Kentucky, 751 Rose Street, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Misook L. Chung
- College of Nursing, University of Kentucky, 2201 Regency Rd, Suite 403, Lexington, KY 40503, USA
| | - D. Travis Thomas
- Department of Athletic Training and Clinical Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, 214D, Wethington Building, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Martha J. Biddle
- College of Nursing, University of Kentucky, 2201 Regency Rd, Suite 403, Lexington, KY 40503, USA
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Tsusaki R, Mullassery D, Ramaswamy P. Stress, Grit, Satisfaction With Life, and Remediation of Prelicensure Nursing Students. Nurse Educ 2024; 49:19-24. [PMID: 37442120 DOI: 10.1097/nne.0000000000001481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stress and poor academic performance often lead to high levels of nursing school attrition. PURPOSE To explore nursing students' perceived stress, grit, and satisfaction with life, and assess the effectiveness of a remediation program for students at risk for poor academic performance. METHODS Perceived stress, grit, and satisfaction with life were measured, and the effect of remediation given to at-risk students was studied. Examination and psychometric scores were compared between remediation and nonremediation groups. RESULTS The remediation group had higher levels of perceived stress and a lower satisfaction with life compared with the rest of the cohort. Remediation significantly improved examination scores of at-risk students although scores remained lower than those among nonremediation students. CONCLUSIONS Perceived stress and grit scores were high in nursing students, and satisfaction varied among age groups. Remediation based on metacognitive theory significantly improved at-risk students' examination scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Tsusaki
- Assistant Professor (Drs Tsusaki, Mullassery, and Ramaswamy), Department of Graduate Studies, Cizik School of Nursing, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
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Francisco J, Golshan F, Morrison TG, Mickleborough M. Stress and headaches in university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288745. [PMID: 37992022 PMCID: PMC10664899 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
With regards to the relationship between mental and physical health conditions, some studies predict increased headache frequency as a result of exposure to stressful situations. Thus, the purpose of our study was to investigate whether headache characteristics among a sample of university students (N = 234) correlated with fear of COVID-19, stress and quality of life vis-à-vis the pandemic. We found statistically significant positive correlations between headache frequency and both general stress and quality of life. Further, results from a multiple regression analysis suggested that fear of COVID-19 did not account for incremental variance in headache intensity. Explanations for our key findings, limitations of our study, and future directions for post pandemic studies on headache experience are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna Francisco
- Department of Psychology and Health Studies, College of Arts and Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
- College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Faly Golshan
- Department of Psychology and Health Studies, College of Arts and Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Todd G. Morrison
- Department of Psychology and Health Studies, College of Arts and Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Marla Mickleborough
- Department of Psychology and Health Studies, College of Arts and Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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Du X, Liu X, Zhao Y, Wang S. Psychometric testing of the 10-item perceived stress scale for Chinese nurses. BMC Nurs 2023; 22:430. [PMID: 37964241 PMCID: PMC10647153 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-023-01602-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nurses bear a lot of stressors at work. The 10-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) is a widely used self-reported scale for measuring the global perception of stress. However, there is a lack of use of the PSS-10 in Chinese nurses. This study aimed to test the psychometric properties of the PSS-10 among Chinese nurses. METHODS A total of 708 Chinese nurses completed the PSS-10, the Big Five Inventory (BFI), and the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) tested the factor structure of the PSS-10. Cronbach's α and test-retest correlation examined the scale reliability. Pearson correlation and hierarchical regression analyses tested the convergent, discriminant and criterion validity of the PSS-10. RESULTS CFA revealed that a two-factor model fits the structure of the PSS-10 in Chinese nurses (χ2/df = 6.25, p < 0.001; comparative fit index [CFI] = 0.94, non-normal fit index [NNFI] = 0.92, Tucker-Lewis index [TLI] = 0.91, root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.08, standardized root mean square residual [SRMR] = 0.05). The scale demonstrated adequate internal consistency (α = 0.86) and test-retest reliability (r = 0.66, p < 0.001), satisfactory convergent and discriminant validity with relations to Big Five personalities, as well as good criterion validity such that the PSS-10 score could explain incremental variance in predicting anxiety, depression and stress. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that PSS-10 is a reliable and valid measure of perceived stress among Chinese nurses and can be used in future research and practice on stress management and coping in Chinese nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Du
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiqin Liu
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yajun Zhao
- School of Education and Psychology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Song Wang
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Pearson AL, Zhou Y, Buxton RT, Horton TH, Pfeiffer KA, Beyer KM. The effects of contemporary redlining on the mental health of Black residents. SSM Popul Health 2023; 23:101462. [PMID: 37456619 PMCID: PMC10339054 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2023.101462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding how structural racism, including institutionalized practices such as redlining, influence persistent inequities in health and neighborhood conditions is still emerging in urban health research. Such research often focuses on historical practices, giving the impression that such practices are a thing of the past. However, mortgage lending bias can be readily detected in contemporary datasets and is an active form of structural racism with implications for health and wellbeing. The objective of the current study was to test for associations among multiple measures of mental health and a measure of contemporary redlining. We linked a redlining index constructed using Home Mortgage Disclosure Act data (2007-2013) to 2021 health data for Black/African American participants in the Study of Active Neighborhoods in Detroit (n = 220 with address data). We used multilevel regression models to examine the relationship between redlining and a suite of mental health outcomes (perceived stress, anxiety, depressive symptoms, and satisfaction with life), accounting for covariates including racial composition of the neighborhood. We considered three mediating factors: perceived neighborhood cohesion, aesthetics, and discrimination. Although all participants lived in redlined neighborhoods compared to the complete Detroit Metropolitan area, participants with very low income, low levels of experienced discrimination, and lower perceptions of neighborhood aesthetics resided in highly redlined neighborhoods (score ≥5). We observed that higher resident-reported neighborhood aesthetics were found in neighborhoods with lower redlining scores and were associated with higher levels of satisfaction with life. We found that lower levels of redlining were significantly associated with higher levels of perceived discrimination, which was significantly, positively associated with anxiety, depressive symptoms, and perceived stress scores. Our findings highlight that contemporary redlining practices may influence the aesthetics of the built environment because these neighborhoods experience less investment, with implications for residents' satisfaction with life. However, areas with lower redlining may be areas where Black/African American people experience increased perceived discrimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber L. Pearson
- Department of Geography, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Yuhong Zhou
- Institute for Health & Equity, Medical College Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Rachel T. Buxton
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Teresa H. Horton
- Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Karin A. Pfeiffer
- Department of Kinesiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Kirsten M.M. Beyer
- Institute for Health & Equity, Medical College Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
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Knappe F, Filippou K, Hatzigeorgiadis A, Morres ID, Tzormpatzakis E, Havas E, Seelig H, Colledge F, Ludyga S, Meier M, de Quervain D, Theodorakis Y, von Känel R, Pühse U, Gerber M. Psychological well-being, mental distress, metabolic syndrome, and associated factors among people living in a refugee camp in Greece: a cross-sectional study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1179756. [PMID: 37397726 PMCID: PMC10311549 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1179756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Forcibly displaced people face various challenges and are therefore at higher risk of being affected by mental and physiological distress. The present study aimed to determine levels of psychological well-being, PTSD symptom severity, metabolic syndrome, and associated factors among forcibly displaced people in Greece in response to WHO's call for evidence-based public health policies and programs for forcibly displaced people. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study among n = 150 (50% women) forcibly displaced people originating from Sub-Sahara Africa and Southwest Asia living in a Greek refugee camp. Self-report questionnaires were used to assess psychological well-being, symptoms of PTSD, depression, generalized anxiety disorder and insomnia, perceived stress, headache, and perceived fitness. Cardiovascular risk markers were assessed to determine metabolic syndrome, and cardiorespiratory fitness was measured with the Åstrand-Rhyming Test of Maximal Oxygen Uptake. Results The prevalence of mental distress and physiological disorders was overall elevated. Only 53.0% of participants rated their psychological well-being as high. Altogether, 35.3% scored above the clinical cut-off for PTSD, 33.3% for depression, 27.9% for generalized anxiety disorder, and 33.8% for insomnia. One in four (28.8%) participants met criteria for metabolic syndrome. While the prevalence of moderate or severe insomnia symptoms and metabolic syndrome differed little from the global population, the risk of being affected by mental distress was markedly increased. In multivariable analysis, higher perceived fitness was associated with higher psychological well-being (OR = 1.35, p = 0.003) and a decreased likelihood for metabolic syndrome (OR = 0.80, p = 0.031). Participants with elevated psychiatric symptoms were less likely to report high psychological well-being (OR = 0.22, p = 0.003) and had increased odds for higher PTSD severity (OR = 3.27, p = 0.034). Increased stress perception was associated with higher PTSD symptoms (OR = 1.13, p = 0.002). Conclusion There is an elevated risk for mental distress compared to the global population and an overall high mental and physiological burden among people living in a Greek refugee camp. The findings underpin the call for urgent action. Policies should aim to reduce post-migration stressors and address mental health and non-communicable diseases by various programs. Sport and exercise interventions may be a favorable add-on, given that perceived fitness is associated with both mental and physiological health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Knappe
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Konstantinia Filippou
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Antonis Hatzigeorgiadis
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Ioannis D. Morres
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Emmanouil Tzormpatzakis
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Elsa Havas
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Harald Seelig
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Flora Colledge
- Department of Health Sciences and Medicine, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Ludyga
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marianne Meier
- Interdisciplinary Center for Gender Studies, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Yannis Theodorakis
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Roland von Känel
- Department of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Uwe Pühse
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus Gerber
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Shah NM, Aghamohammadi N, Thangiah N, Ng AK, Majid HA. Association between stress and eating behaviour among Malaysian adolescents prior to examination. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7841. [PMID: 37188720 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34699-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies have shown the prevalence of mental health and obesity among adolescents is at increasing trend due to urbanisation and changes in lifestyle. This study is to investigate the level of stress and its impact on eating behaviour among Malaysian adolescents. A total of 797 multi-ethnic Malaysian secondary school student participated in this cross-sectional study. Data was collected two weeks prior to final year examination. A validated Cohen Perceived Stress Scale questionnaire was used to assess the stress level with subsample analysis of 261 participants' saliva cortisol level. A validated Child Eating Behaviour questionnaire was used to explore eating behaviours. There were 29.1% adolescents having high stress with the mean saliva cortisol 3.8 nmol/L. A positive correlation was observed between perceived stress and emotional overeating; stronger among urban (r = 0.32), female (r = 0.31), underweight (r = 0.34) and moderately stressed adolescents (r = 0.24). In addition, a positive correlation was found between perceived stress and food responsiveness; strongest among Malay (r = 0.23), male (r = 0.24), underweight (r = 0.30) and adolescents with high perceived stress (r = 0.24). The perceived stress level prior to exam period affects the emotional eating and external eating patterns of adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurfazlinda Md Shah
- Centre for Population Health (CePH), Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nasrin Aghamohammadi
- Centre for Population Health (CePH), Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nithiah Thangiah
- Centre for Population Health (CePH), Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ai Kah Ng
- Centre for Population Health (CePH), Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hazreen Abdul Majid
- Centre for Population Health (CePH), Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas of Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.
- School of Chiropractor, AECC University College, Parkwood Campus, Parkwood Road, Bournemouth, BH5 2DF, Dorset, UK.
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Walsh EA, Boland CL, Popok PJ, Pedreira PB, Fox RS, Moreno PI, Yanez B, Penedo FJ. Marital status and perceived stress in men with advanced prostate cancer: A randomized-controlled trial of cognitive behavioral stress management. J Psychosom Res 2023; 167:111198. [PMID: 36812663 PMCID: PMC10023351 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2023.111198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Relationship status predicts numerous outcomes among medical populations. Few interventions evaluate the role of marital status on response to psychosocial treatment, and no such studies exist within advanced prostate cancer (APC). This study examined whether marital status modified the effect of a cognitive behavioral stress management (CBSM) intervention on perceived stress. METHODS Men with APC (N = 190) were randomized to 10-week CBSM or a health promotion (HP) intervention (#NCT03149185). The Perceived Stress Scale assessed perceived stress at baseline and 12-month follow-up. Medical status and sociodemographics were captured at enrollment. RESULTS Participants were mostly White (59.5%), non-Hispanic (97.4%), heterosexual (97.4%) men, 66.8% of whom were partnered. Neither condition nor marital status predicted perceived stress change at follow-up. However, a significant interaction was found between condition and marital status (p = 0.014; Cohen's f = 0.07), such that partnered men who received CBSM and unpartnered men who received HP reported greater reductions in perceived stress. CONCLUSION This is the first study to assess the impact of marital status on psychosocial intervention effects among men with APC. Partnered men derived greater benefit from a cognitive-behavioral intervention and unpartnered men equally benefitted from a HP intervention. Further research is necessary to understand the mechanisms underlying these relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily A Walsh
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, United States of America.
| | - Cody L Boland
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, United States of America
| | - Paula J Popok
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, United States of America
| | - Patricia B Pedreira
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, United States of America
| | - Rina S Fox
- University of Arizona, College of Nursing, Tucson, AZ, United States of America
| | - Patricia I Moreno
- University of Miami, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL, United States of America; Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States of America
| | - Betina Yanez
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Frank J Penedo
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, United States of America; University of Miami, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL, United States of America
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13
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Abdulla NK, Obaid RR, Qureshi MN, Asraiti AA, Janahi MA, Abu Qiyas SJ, Faris ME. Relationship between hedonic hunger and subjectively assessed sleep quality and perceived stress among university students: A cross-sectional study. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14987. [PMID: 37089280 PMCID: PMC10114148 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study examined the relationship between hedonic hunger (HH), sleep quality, and stress levels among university students in the United Arab Emirates and the Kingdom of Bahrain. Methods We used a cross-sectional design with participants (N = 565) recruited via convenience sampling. Data were collected with a self-administered, standardized, and validated online questionnaire. HH was assessed with the Palatable Eating Motives Scale (PEMS) and Power of Food Scale (PFS), sleep quality and sleep components were assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), stress was evaluated with the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and physical activity was examined with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Descriptive and analytical statistics were used to assess the relationship between HH and sleep quality and perceived stress. Results There were positive associations between total PSQI scores and total PEMS (β = 0.14, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.06-0.25, P = 0.001) and PFS (β = 0.21, 95% CI: 0.45-1.04, P < 0.001). The likelihood of poor sleep quality increased by 8% (odds ratio [OR] = 1.08, P = 0.020) and 43% (OR = 1.43, P < 0.001) for each one-unit increase in PEMS and PFS scores, respectively. We also found positive associations between PSS scores and total PEMS (β = 0.19, 95% CI: 0.26-0.63, P < 0.001) and PFS (β = 0.23, 95% CI: 1.04-2.22, P < 0.001) scores. Conclusion Reducing HH and stress levels may help to enhance sleep quality among university students. Conversely, improving sleep quality and reducing stress levels could improve HH in this population.
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14
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Seyedmirzaei H, Katebian S, Pourkand D, Cattarinussi G, Sambataro F, Brambilla P, Delvecchio G. Effects of COVID-19 pandemic on depression in patients with schizophrenia: A mini-review of the current evidence. J Affect Disord 2023; 332:143-149. [PMID: 37003432 PMCID: PMC10063456 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.03.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since the emergence of COVID-19, there have been concerns about the psychological effects of the pandemic on people's mental health around the world. People with psychotic disorders like schizophrenia (SCZ) may be more prone to develop mood disorders during the lockdowns due to their limited access to healthcare, reduced social support, and probable cognitive impairment. METHODS We conducted a systematic search on PubMed and Scopus to explore the effects of the pandemic on depressive symptoms in individuals with SCZ. A total of 12 studies were included. RESULTS Overall, studies suggested higher depression rates in patients with SCZ compared to healthy controls. Isolation due to the COVID-19 infection emerged as a risk factor for the development of depressive symptoms. However, results regarding the longitudinal changes of depression in SCZ patients during the lockdowns were inconsistent. LIMITATIONS The small sample sizes of studies, different depression scales and stages of the lockdowns, as well as the different government policies and restriction levels across the countries limit the conclusions of the present review. CONCLUSIONS Our review suggests an increased probability of depression in patients with SCZ during the pandemic. Identifying the risk factors for developing depression in this population helps find new, suitable approaches to address patients' needs and lower the adverse psychological effects of the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Homa Seyedmirzaei
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Saba Katebian
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Donya Pourkand
- School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Giulia Cattarinussi
- Department of Neuroscience (DNS), University of Padova, Padua, Italy; Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Fabio Sambataro
- Department of Neuroscience (DNS), University of Padova, Padua, Italy; Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Paolo Brambilla
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Delvecchio
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
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15
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Cheng X, Huang X, Wu X, Lin S. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on lifestyle and mental state in patients with schizophrenia: A retrospective study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e32830. [PMID: 36749244 PMCID: PMC9901953 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The corona virus disease 2019 pandemic's movement restrictions have an effect on people's lifestyles and mental health, and the most susceptible, such as persons with schizophrenia, are more subject to external influences. To analyze the lifestyle, anxiety, depression and stress status of inpatients with schizophrenia during corona virus disease 2019. A total of 205 patients with stable schizophrenia who were hospitalized during the epidemic period were selected. The general epidemiological information was recorded, and the depression screening scale (Patient Health Questionnaire-9), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7, and the perceived stress scale were used to determine the mental status and stress level of the included patients. Restricted physical activity and perceptual bias might result in decreased food intake, higher body mass index, and increased psychotropic medicine dosages. According to Pearson correlation analysis, stress perception was positively connected with anxiety and depression scores. The anxiety score was positively associated with the depression score, indicating that stress influenced the patient's emotional alterations. During the pandemic, the lifestyle and psychological load of people with schizophrenia may be impacted. Medical personnel should be alert to changes in anxiety, depression, and stress in patients with schizophrenia and take appropriate action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Cheng
- Department of Nursing, Quanzhou Third Hospital, Fujian, Quanzhou, China
| | - Xiaoling Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Hainan Province Anning Hospital, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
| | - Xinghu Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, Hainan Province Anning Hospital, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
| | - Sulan Lin
- Department of Nursing, Quanzhou Third Hospital, Fujian, Quanzhou, China
- * Correspondence: Sulan Lin, Department of Nursing, Quanzhou Third Hospital, Fujian, Quanzhou 510120, China (e-mail:)
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16
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Najjarzadeha M, Mohammad-Alizadeh-Charandabi S, Abbasalizadeh S, Asghari-Jafarabadi M, Mirghafourvand M. Technology-free predictors of preterm birth in singleton women with threatened preterm labor: a prospective cohort study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2022; 22:826. [PMID: 36348314 PMCID: PMC9641943 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-022-05155-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prediction of preterm birth is still a challenge due to its multiple etiologies. This prospective cohort study aimed to determine the technology-free predictors of preterm birth in singleton women with threatened preterm labor. Methods This prospective cohort study was performed on 371 singleton women with gestational age of 23+ 6 to 36+ 4 weeks hospitalized for threatened preterm labor. The data were collected using a questionnaire including demographic characteristics, medical and maternal history, as well as the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), and the WHO’s questionnaire of Violence against Women (VAW). The participants were followed-up until childbirth. The predictors were determined using multivariate logistic regression. Results Preterm birth occurred in 51% of women. Seven variables were determined as predictors; rupture of membranes [adjusted odds ratio 11.7, 95% confidence interval 5.4 to 25.6], cervical dilation [AOR 4.1, 95% CI 2.0 to 7.0], gravidity ≥6 [AOR 27.4, 95%CI 2.8 to 264.3], psychological violence during pregnancy [AOR 2.0, 95% CI 1.1 to 3.2], medical problems in pregnancy onset [AOR 1.7, 95% CI 1.1 to 2.8], vaginal bleeding/spotting [AOR 2.1, 95% CI 1.2 to 4.0] and woman age ≤ 19 [AOR 2.2, 95% CI 1.1 to 4.5]. The proportion of variance explained by all these factors was 33.6%. Conclusions The technology-free factors seems to have moderate power in preterm birth prediction in singleton pregnant women hospitalized for threatened preterm labor. However, these results are discoveries without verification or validation and need to be confirmed by generalizable studies.
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17
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Buscetta AJ, Abdallah KE, Floyd KJ, Wossenseged FS, Conn CA, Ramirez HC, Bonham VL. Examining resilience of individuals living with sickle cell disease in the COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Psychol 2022; 10:156. [PMID: 35725582 PMCID: PMC9207426 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-022-00862-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the physical and mental health of people worldwide including those living with genetic conditions. Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a hematologic chronic disease that causes multisystem damage and morbidity. Individuals living with SCD have had to continue managing their care for their chronic disease while following public health measures to protect against infection with COVID-19. Promoting resilience has been posited as being psychologically protective for those living with SCD. This study examines changes in resilience over time in a SCD population in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Ninety-seven adults living with SCD completed two parent studies: (1) The INSIGHTS Study, a cross-sectional natural history study conducted from 2014–2019 and (2) The Living with SCD in COVID-19 Pandemic Study, an online survey conducted in 2020. Changes over time in resilience, perceived stress, emotional distress, and physical and mental health were analyzed in multivariable repeated measures model. Results Results showed that the psychological resilience of our study cohort had significantly decreased (0.19, p=0.01) over time. Resilience during the pandemic was associated with better mental health and physical health and lower perceived stress and emotional distress. In addition, results showed that marital status, education level, and employment were significantly associated with the psychological resilience of study participants. Conclusion Resilience declined during the COVID-19 pandemic but was still associated with better physical and mental health outcomes. Future studies should investigate the relationship between resilience and sociodemographic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley J Buscetta
- Social and Behavioral Research Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
| | - Khadijah E Abdallah
- Social and Behavioral Research Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - K Jameson Floyd
- Social and Behavioral Research Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Faeben S Wossenseged
- Social and Behavioral Research Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Corinne A Conn
- Social and Behavioral Research Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, CA, San Francisco, USA
| | - Hasmin C Ramirez
- Social and Behavioral Research Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Vence L Bonham
- Social and Behavioral Research Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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18
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Effects of Tai Chi App and Facebook health education programs on breast cancer survivors' stress and quality of life in the Era of pandemic. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2022; 48:101621. [PMID: 35738114 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2022.101621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigated the effects of a mobile Tai Chi app and Facebook (FB) program on stress and quality of life (QoL) among breast cancer survivors (BCS). METHODS This study was a remote, 12-week 2-arm parallel randomized controlled trial (RCT). BCS were randomly assigned into either the Tai Chi intervention condition (using an app to practice Tai Chi three times a day, at least five days/week and receiving FB health tips) or the comparison condition (receiving FB health tips only). The final sample comprised 35 female BCS (Mage = 56.17). The Perceived Stress Scale was utilized to measure stress and the Patient Reported Outcome Measurement Information System was adopted to assess QoL - mental health (anxiety and depression) and physical health. RESULTS No significant time × group interaction effects emerged for stress and mental health (Wilk's lambda = 0.96, F (2, 32) = 0.74, p = 0.48, η2 = 0.04) and physical health (Wilk's lambda = 1.00, F (1,33) = 0.14, p = 0.71, η2 = 0.00). Yet, a significant time effect was observed for mental health, F (1,33) = 5.51, p = 0.02, η2 = 0.14; and physical health, F (1,33) = 5.59, p < 0.05, η2 = 0.14; but not for stress, F (1,33) = 1.70, p = 0.20, η2 = 0.05. Specifically, participants' physical health (1.57 vs. 1.41) and mental health (1.80 vs. 1.62) significantly improved over time across both groups. Also, a group effect for mental health approached the significant level, F (1,33) = 4.06, p = 0.05, η2 = 0.11. In detail, the Tai Chi participants had significantly better mental health at follow-up test (1.43 vs. 1.90) compared to the comparison participants (p < 0.05, 95%CI: 0.91 to -0.40). CONCLUSION The study findings suggested that the implementation of the Tai Chi app combined FB health tips program had positive effects on BCS's mental health. Also, offering a health education program could be beneficial to BCS's physical health as well.
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19
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Laird B, Puzia M, Larkey L, Ehlers D, Huberty J. A Mobile App for Stress Management in Middle-Aged Men and Women (Calm): Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Form Res 2022; 6:e30294. [PMID: 34989677 PMCID: PMC9132144 DOI: 10.2196/30294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Middle-aged adults (40-65 years) report higher stress levels than most other age groups. There is a need to determine the feasibility of using a meditation app to reduce stress and improve stress-related outcomes in middle-aged adults with a focus on men, as previous meditation app–based studies have reported a low proportion of or even no male participants. Objective This study aims to (1) determine the feasibility (ie, acceptability and demand with a focus on men) of a consumer-based meditation app (Calm), to reduce stress among middle-aged adults reporting elevated stress levels, and (2) explore the preliminary effects of Calm on perceived stress, psychological outcomes (anxiety, depressive symptoms, mindfulness, and general coping), health behaviors (physical activity and eating habits), and COVID-19 perceptions. Methods This feasibility randomized controlled trial evaluated an app-based meditation intervention in middle-aged adults (N=83) with elevated stress levels (ie, Perceived Stress Scale score ≥15) and limited or no previous experience with meditation. Participants were randomized to the intervention group (Calm app) or a control (educational podcasts; POD) group. Participants completed self-report assessments at baseline and postintervention (week 4). Feasibility was measured as acceptability and demand using Bowen framework. Feasibility and COVID-19 perceptions data were examined using descriptive statistics, and preliminary effects were evaluated using repeated measures analysis of variance. Results Participants were satisfied with Calm (27/28, 96%) and found it appropriate or useful (26/28, 93%). Most reported they would likely continue using the Calm app (18/28, 64%). More Calm users reported satisfaction, appropriateness or usefulness, and intent to continue app use than POD users. Calm users (n=33) completed a mean of 20 (SD 31.1) minutes of meditation on the days they meditated and 103 (SD 109.1) minutes of meditation per week. The average adherence rate to the prescribed meditation was 71% among Calm app users, compared to 62% among POD users. Recruitment rate of men was 35% (29/83). Of those randomized to Calm, 55% (15/29) were men, and retention among them was higher (14/15, 93%) than that among women (12/20, 60%). No significant within or between group differences were observed. Conclusions A 4-week, app-based mindfulness meditation intervention (Calm) may be feasible for middle-aged adults and a useful stress-management tool. Calm users expressed satisfaction with the app and felt it was appropriate and useful. Significant improvements in perceived stress and psychological outcomes or stress-related health behaviors were not observed. Even though men spent less time in meditation than women did and completed fewer weekly sessions, they were more likely to adhere to the prescription. Further research is needed for improving stress and stress-related outcomes among middle-aged adults with emphasis on the effects of mindfulness meditation apps for men. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04272138; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04272138
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Affiliation(s)
- Breanne Laird
- Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Megan Puzia
- Behavioral Research and Analytics, LLC, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Linda Larkey
- Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Diane Ehlers
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
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20
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Ling FYY, Mok EKY. Managing stressors, stress and strain faced by facility managers. JOURNAL OF FACILITIES MANAGEMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1108/jfm-12-2021-0160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to investigate how to manage the stressors that facility managers (FMs) face with the aim of reducing their stress and strain levels.
Design/methodology/approach
Using the job demands-resources (JD-R) model, stressors are operationalized from job demands, job resources and personal resources constructs. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from FMs based in Singapore.
Findings
FMs have significantly high levels of stress, but they are able to manage this well. Job demands that cause stress and strain are those relating to insufficient time to complete the work and difficulties in handling the work. The lack of job resources in terms of lack of organizational support and inadequate stress mitigation programs are associated with high levels of stress and strain.
Research limitations/implications
The limitations are the relatively small sample size and absence of a database of FMs in Singapore, and correlation is not causation when determining the association between stressors and stress and strain.
Practical implications
Based on the recommendations, employers and FMs may manage the specific stressors identified so that FMs’ stress and strain levels are under control to enable them to work optimally.
Originality/value
This research discovered that the JD-R model is moderated by certain features of facilities management and FMs. When these features are present, FMs are predisposed to more stressors, and higher stress and strain. For the facilities management profession, the discovery is that there are significantly more job demands: for in-house FMs compared to those working for outsourced firms; for FMs who need to carry out estate and asset management, landlord activities and facility planning compared to FMs who focus on operations and maintenance; and for FMs who work longer than five days compared to those who work a five-day week.
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21
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Orang TM, Missmahl I, Thoele AM, Valensise L, Brenner A, Gardisi M, Peter H, Kluge U. New directions in the mental health care of migrants, including refugees-A randomized controlled trial investigating the efficacy of value-based counselling. Clin Psychol Psychother 2022; 29:1433-1446. [PMID: 35199419 DOI: 10.1002/cpp.2728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Specialized literature has identified a need for evidence-based, low-threshold, short-term, and intracultural psychological interventions that can be made available to migrants, including refugees, who suffer from psychological symptoms in host countries. The objective of the present study is to measure the efficacy of value-based counselling (VBC) as such an intervention. METHOD We conducted a pragmatic, rater-blinded randomized controlled trial employing a pre-post control group design to assess the efficacy of VBC based on a study sample of 103 migrants, including refugees, who resided in Germany at the time. A set of instruments was used to evaluate primary outcome measures of depression, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, perceived stress, generalized anxiety, and somatic complaints. RESULTS Per protocol analysis included 42 participants in the VBC group, and 43 in the waiting list. Compared with participants in the waiting-list group, the VBC group, following an average of four counselling sessions, experienced a clinically meaningful reduction of depression (adjusted difference 7.06, 95% CI [4.86, 9.26], effect size 0.68, p < .001), PTSD (adjusted difference 17.15, 95% CI [10.49, 23.81], effect size 0.76, p < .001), perceived stress (adjusted difference 9.25, 95% CI [6.23, 12.27], effect size 0.75, p < .001), anxiety (adjusted difference 5.34, 95% CI [3.47, 7.20], effect size 0.70, p < .001), and somatic complaints (adjusted difference 5.52, 95% CI [3.30, 7.74], effect size 0.72, p < .001). The positive outcomes were maintained at 3-month follow-up. Utilization of mental health services was significantly reduced at the 3-month follow-up conducted with participants of the VBC group. CONCLUSIONS VBC, a culturally sensitive and strength-based mental health service, is an effective short-term intervention which meets the specific mental health needs of migrants, including refugees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahereh Mina Orang
- Ipso gGmbH - International Psychosocial Organisation, Berlin, Germany.,Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Inge Missmahl
- Ipso gGmbH - International Psychosocial Organisation, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anna-Maria Thoele
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Livia Valensise
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anna Brenner
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maryam Gardisi
- Ipso gGmbH - International Psychosocial Organisation, Berlin, Germany
| | - Helmut Peter
- Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum Falkenried, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ulrike Kluge
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany.,Berliner Institut für empirische Integrations- und Migrationsforschung (BIM), Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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22
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Clifford C, Paulk E, Lin Q, Cadwallader J, Lubbers K, Frazier LD. Relationships among adult playfulness, stress, and coping during the COVID-19 pandemic. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022:1-10. [PMID: 35221637 PMCID: PMC8860462 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-02870-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic created high levels of stress that negatively affect mental health and well-being. The stress and coping process is influenced by individual difference factors, such as personality, that impact perceptual processes and emotional reactions. Adult playfulness is a personality characteristic that may lead to better mental and physical health outcomes. We test a theoretical model to determine whether the two factors of perceived stress, perceived self-efficacy (PSE) and perceived helplessness (PH), mediate the relationship among playfulness and coping in adults (N = 694). Scores on the Perceived Stress Scale were high indicating high levels of pandemic-related stress. The SEM model demonstrated direct effects of playfulness on PSE, PH, adaptive, maladaptive, and supportive coping. Both dimensions of perceived stress were partial mediators in the relationship among playfulness and coping outcomes. Findings illustrate the pathways by which adult playfulness can amplify or attenuate the impact of stress perceptions on coping strategies. The importance of building psychological resources such as playfulness to boost adaptive outcomes in stressful situations such as the COVID-19 pandemic is discussed. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12144-022-02870-0.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ellis Paulk
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL USA
| | - Qiyang Lin
- Department of Counseling, Educational Psychology, and Special Education, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI USA
| | | | | | - Leslie D. Frazier
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL USA
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23
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Najjarzadeh M, Abbasalizadeh S, Mohammad‐Alizadeh‐Charandabi S, Asghari‐Jafarabadi M, Mirghafourvand M. Perceived stress and its predictors in women with threatened preterm labour: A cross-sectional study. Nurs Open 2022; 9:210-221. [PMID: 34553513 PMCID: PMC8685874 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.1055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To determine prevalence and predictors of perceived stress in women with threatened preterm labour. DESIGN Cross-sectional. METHODS We recruited 409 women with threatened preterm labour, hospitalized at two tertiary hospitals. We assessed their socio-demographic and obstetrics characteristics, and their perceived stress, perceived social support, experience of violence using validated scales. Multiple linear regression was used to determine the predictors. RESULTS Data from all recruited women were analysed. Most of them had borderline (36%) or high (42%) level stress. Overall, 17 predictors were identified explaining 89.5% of variation in the stress score. Predictors of the higher stress score included: urban living, experience of sexual and psychological violence, perceived insufficient social support, experience of vaginal bleeding during current pregnancy, abnormal results in initial pregnancy tests, having multiple roles at home, being less than 28 weeks pregnant, being parous, sleep disorders, history of health problems, insufficient income and unwanted pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Najjarzadeh
- Students’ Research CommitteeFaculty of Nursing and MidwiferyTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Shamsi Abbasalizadeh
- Women's Reproductive Health Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Sakineh Mohammad‐Alizadeh‐Charandabi
- Department of MidwiferyFaculty of Nursing and MidwiferySocial Determinants of Health Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Mohammad Asghari‐Jafarabadi
- Department of Statistics and EpidemiologyFaculty of HealthRoad Traffic Injury Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Mojgan Mirghafourvand
- Clinical Research Development UnitImam Reza General HospitalTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
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Gerber M, Colledge F, de Quervain D, Filippou K, Havas E, Knappe F, Ludyga S, Meier M, Morres ID, Panagos A, Pühse U, Ramadan K, Seelig H, Theodorakis Y, von Känel R, Hatzigeorgiadis A. Effects of an exercise and sport intervention among refugees living in a Greek refugee camp on mental health, physical fitness and cardiovascular risk markers: study protocol for the SALEEM pragmatic randomized controlled trial. Trials 2021; 22:827. [PMID: 34802451 PMCID: PMC8607641 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-021-05808-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to ongoing political and social conflicts, the number of international refugees has been increasing. Refugees are exposed to severe mental and physical strain, as well as traumatic experiences during their flight. Therefore, the risk of psychiatric disorders is markedly increased among international refugees. International organizations have criticized the lack of early interventions as a key problem, because untreated mental disorders are often difficult to cure at a later stage. Today, exercise and sport have been successfully employed to treat a wide range of psychiatric disorders. With patients with post-traumatic stress disorders (PTSD), very limited empirical evidence exists, and studies carried out with international refugees are nearly non-existent. METHODS We intend to implement a pragmatic randomized controlled trial (RCT) with an exercise and sport intervention group (n = 68, 50% women) and a wait-list control group (n = 68, 50% women) in the Koutsochero refugee camp, located close to the city of Larissa (Greece). During the RCT, exercise and sport will be offered five times per week (60 min/session) for 10 weeks. Participants will be asked to participate in at least two sessions per week. The programme is developed according to the participants' needs and preferences and they will be able to choose between a range of activities. PTSD symptoms will serve as primary outcome, and several secondary outcomes will be assessed. Qualitative data collection methods will be used to gain a more in-depth appraisal of the participants' perception of the intervention programme. In the second year of study, the programme will be opened to all camp residents. A strategy will be developed how the programme can be continued after the end of the funding period, and how the programme can be scaled up beyond the borders of the Koutsochero camp. DISCUSSION By moving towards the primary prevention of chronic physical conditions and psychiatric disorders, a relevant contribution can be done to enhance the quality and quantity of life of refugee camp residents in Greece. Our findings may also strengthen the evidence for exercise as medicine as a holistic care option in refugee camps, by helping camp residents to adopt and maintain a physically active lifestyle. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study was registered prospectively on the 8 February 2021 with ISRCTN https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN16291983.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Gerber
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Grosse Allee 6, CH-4052 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Flora Colledge
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Grosse Allee 6, CH-4052 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Konstantinia Filippou
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | - Elsa Havas
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | - Florian Knappe
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Grosse Allee 6, CH-4052 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Ludyga
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Grosse Allee 6, CH-4052 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marianne Meier
- Interdisciplinary Center for Gender Studies, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ioannis D. Morres
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | - Alexandros Panagos
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | - Uwe Pühse
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Grosse Allee 6, CH-4052 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Karim Ramadan
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | - Harald Seelig
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Grosse Allee 6, CH-4052 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Yannis Theodorakis
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | - Roland von Känel
- Department of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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25
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Golshani S, Najafpour A, Hashemian SS, Goudarzi N, Shahmari F, Golshani S, Babaei M, Firoozabadi K, Dürsteler KM, Brühl AB, Shakeri J, Brand S, Sadeghi-Bahmani D. When Much Is Too Much-Compared to Light Exercisers, Heavy Exercisers Report More Mental Health Issues and Stress, but Less Sleep Complaints. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:1289. [PMID: 34682969 PMCID: PMC8535876 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9101289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical inactivity has become a global somatic and mental health issue. To counterbalance, promoting regular physical activity appears plausible, above all among adults, where physical inactivity is particularly high. However, some, but sparse, research also indicates that excessive exercising might be associated with unfavorable mental health dimensions. Here, we tested the hypothesis that excessive exercising was associated with more mental health issues. To this end, we assessed mental health issues, stress, mental toughness, and sleep disturbances among heavy and light adult exercisers. METHODS A total of 200 adults (mean age: 35 years; 62% females) took part in the study. Of those, 100 were heavy exercisers (18-22 h/week), and 100 were light exercisers (1-6 h/week). Participants completed questionnaires covering sociodemographic information, mental health issues, perceived stress, mental toughness, and sleep disturbances. RESULTS Compared with light exercisers, heavy exercisers reported higher mental health issues, more stress, but also higher mental toughness scores and less sleep disturbances. Higher age, lower mental toughness scores, heavy exerciser-status, and more sleep disturbances predicted higher mental health complaints. CONCLUSIONS Compared with light exercising, heavy exercising might be associated with more mental health issues. As such, it appears that the association between exercise frequency, intensity, and duration and psychological well-being might be related to an optimum point, but not to a maximum point. In a similar vein, heavily exercising athletes, their coaches, parents, and representatives of sports associations should get sensitized to possible adverse psychological effects of excessive physical activity patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanobar Golshani
- Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6714869914, Iran; (S.G.); (F.S.); (J.S.)
| | - Ali Najafpour
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6714869914, Iran;
| | | | - Nasser Goudarzi
- Department of Psychiatry, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1411718541, Iran;
| | - Fatemeh Shahmari
- Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6714869914, Iran; (S.G.); (F.S.); (J.S.)
| | - Sanam Golshani
- Department of Cardiology, AJA General Hospital, Kermanshah 6714869914, Iran;
| | - Masthaneh Babaei
- School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia 5714783734, Iran; (M.B.); (K.F.)
| | - Kimia Firoozabadi
- School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia 5714783734, Iran; (M.B.); (K.F.)
| | - Kenneth M. Dürsteler
- Psychiatric Clinics, Division of Substance Use Disorders, University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland;
- Center for Addictive Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Annette Beatrix Brühl
- Center for Affective-, Stress- and Sleep Disorders (ZASS), Psychiatric Clinics (UPK), University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland; (A.B.B.); (D.S.-B.)
| | - Jalal Shakeri
- Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6714869914, Iran; (S.G.); (F.S.); (J.S.)
| | - Serge Brand
- Center for Affective-, Stress- and Sleep Disorders (ZASS), Psychiatric Clinics (UPK), University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland; (A.B.B.); (D.S.-B.)
- Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6714869914, Iran
- Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6714869914, Iran
- Department of Sport, Exercise, and Health, Division of Sport Science and Psychosocial Health, University of Basel, 4052 Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417466191, Iran
| | - Dena Sadeghi-Bahmani
- Center for Affective-, Stress- and Sleep Disorders (ZASS), Psychiatric Clinics (UPK), University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland; (A.B.B.); (D.S.-B.)
- Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6714869914, Iran
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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26
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Egan JE, Haberlen SA, Meanley S, Ware D, Brown AL, Siconolfi D, Brennan-Ing M, Stall R, Plankey MW, Friedman MR. Understanding Patterns of Healthy Aging Among Men Who Have Sex With Men: Protocol for an Observational Cohort Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2021; 10:e25750. [PMID: 34554100 PMCID: PMC8498890 DOI: 10.2196/25750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the graying of sexual and gender minority communities and the growing number of people aged ≥50 years living with HIV, it is increasingly important to understand resilience in the context of the psychosocial aspects of aging and aging well. OBJECTIVE This paper aims to describe the methods and sample for the Understanding Patterns of Healthy Aging Among Men Who Have Sex With Men study. METHODS This observational cohort study was conducted within the Multisite AIDS Cohort Study (MACS) and was designed to explore resiliencies to explain patterns of health and illness among middle-aged and older sexual minority men. To be eligible, a participant had to be an active participant in the MACS, be at least 40 years of age as of April 1, 2016, and report any sex with another man since enrollment in the MACS. RESULTS Eligible participants (N=1318) completed six biannual surveys between April 2016 and April 2019. The mean age of the sample was 59.6 years (range 40-91 years). The sample was mostly White, educated, gay-identified, and included both HIV-positive (656/1318, 49.77%) and HIV-negative (662/1318, 50.23%) men. CONCLUSIONS Understanding resiliencies in aging is a critical springboard for the development of more holistic public health theories and interventions that support healthy aging among older sexual minority men. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) RR1-10.2196/25750.
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Affiliation(s)
- James E Egan
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Center for LGBT Health Research, Graduate School for Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Sabina A Haberlen
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Steven Meanley
- Department of Family and Community Health, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Deanna Ware
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Andre L Brown
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Center for LGBT Health Research, Graduate School for Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | | | - Mark Brennan-Ing
- Brookdale Center for Healthy Aging, Hunter College, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ron Stall
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Center for LGBT Health Research, Graduate School for Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Michael W Plankey
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
| | - M Reuel Friedman
- Center for LGBT Health Research, Graduate School for Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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27
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Azizpour I, Mehri S, Moghaddam HR, Mirzaei A, Soola AH. The impact of psychological factors on bereavement among frontline nurses fighting Covid-19. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AFRICA NURSING SCIENCES 2021; 15:100341. [PMID: 34367916 PMCID: PMC8325519 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijans.2021.100341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has considerably changed the workplace and social relationships of nurses. As potential factors, uncertainty, stigma, and exposure of nurses' families to risk have disturbed the process of providing healthcare services for patients infected by COVID-19. Accordingly, this study aimed at determining the impact of psychological factors on stigma among frontline nurses fighting COVID-19. The extant paper was carried out based on the descriptive-analytical method for April-June 2020. A total of 312 nurses working in educational-medical centers in Ardabil, Iran, were selected using the census method to participate in this research. To collect data, demographic features, stigma, mental health, perceived stress, and hardiness questionnaires were used. The collected data were analyzed using statistical correlation tests, multivariate regression, and descriptive tests through SPSS v.22 Software. The mean score of stigma in nurses equaled 28.36 ± 10.55. Results of the correlation coefficient showed a positive relationship between the mean score of stigma and stress (P ≤ 0.01) as well as the negative relationship between mental health and hardiness (P ≤ 0.01). Multivariate regression analysis indicated that mental health could be the predictor of stigma. Therefore, these factors should be identified and controlled to mitigate stigma under such critical circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Islam Azizpour
- Department of Emergency Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Saeid Mehri
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | | | - Alireza Mirzaei
- Department of Emergency Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Aghil Habibi Soola
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
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Pearson AL, Clevenger KA, Horton TH, Gardiner JC, Asana V, Dougherty BV, Pfeiffer KA. Feelings of safety during daytime walking: associations with mental health, physical activity and cardiometabolic health in high vacancy, low-income neighborhoods in Detroit, Michigan. Int J Health Geogr 2021; 20:19. [PMID: 33941196 PMCID: PMC8091672 DOI: 10.1186/s12942-021-00271-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Individuals living in low-income neighborhoods have disproportionately high rates of obesity, Type-2 diabetes, and cardiometabolic conditions. Perceived safety in one's neighborhood may influence stress and physical activity, with cascading effects on cardiometabolic health. METHODS In this study, we examined relationships among feelings of safety while walking during the day and mental health [perceived stress (PSS), depression score], moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (PA), Body Mass Index (BMI), and hemoglobin A1C (A1C) in low-income, high-vacancy neighborhoods in Detroit, Michigan. We recruited 69 adults who wore accelerometers for one week and completed a survey on demographics, mental health, and neighborhood perceptions. Anthropometrics were collected and A1C was measured using A1CNow test strips. We compiled spatial data on vacant buildings and lots across the city. We fitted conventional and multilevel regression models to predict each outcome, using perceived safety during daytime walking as the independent variable of interest and individual or both individual and neighborhood-level covariates (e.g., number of vacant lots). Last, we examined trends in neighborhood features according to perceived safety. RESULTS In this predominantly African American sample (91%), 47% felt unsafe during daytime walking. Feelings of perceived safety significantly predicted PSS (β = - 2.34, p = 0.017), depression scores (β = - 4.22, p = 0.006), and BMI (β = - 2.87, p = 0.01), after full adjustment. For PA, we detected a significant association for sex only. For A1C we detected significant associations with blighted lots near the home. Those feeling unsafe lived in neighborhoods with higher park area and number of blighted lots. CONCLUSION Future research is needed to assess a critical pathway through which neighborhood features, including vacant or poor-quality green spaces, may affect obesity-via stress reduction and concomitant effects on cardiometabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber L Pearson
- Department of Geography, Environment & Spatial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | | | - Teresa H Horton
- Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Joseph C Gardiner
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | | | - Benjamin V Dougherty
- Department of Geography, Environment & Spatial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Karin A Pfeiffer
- Department of Kinesiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
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Oneib B, Hasnaoui M. Psychological Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Health Workers in Morocco: Results of a Cross Sectional Survey . JOURNAL OF MEDICAL AND SURGICAL RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.46327/msrjg.1.000000000000190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background : This study aims to assess the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, in particular stress, depression, and Post-traumatic disorder, among health care workers in Oujda.
Methods:We conducted a survey among 85 health care workers by using a google form questionnaire, during three months (from to). We assessed the work condition, fears, negative emotions, relationships, lifestyle, and coping of medical staff. We also evaluated stress, depression, and post- traumatic stress disorder through the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), The World Health Organization- Five Well-Being Index (WHO-5), and Primary Care-Post Traumatic Disorder.
Results: 65.8% work in front-line, and did between 4 to 15 shifts per month. 71.1% are in fear of COVID-19 infection. 97.6% are afraid to transmit the virus to relatives. More than two-thirds of responders describe negative feelings and exhaustion. 49.4% had a low level of well-being and probably depressed. 67% presented high perceived stress. Anxiety and depression were associated with fears, negative feelings, previous psychiatric disorder, poor sleep, and lack of family support.
Conclusion: Our current study showed the high prevalence of depression and perceived stress among medical staff, hence the need to accompany and support all health workers.
Keywords: COVID -19 impact; pandemic, Depression; Health care workers; Morocco. Perceived stress; style life.
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Shayganfard M, Mahdavi F, Haghighi M, Sadeghi Bahmani D, Brand S. Health Anxiety Predicts Postponing or Cancelling Routine Medical Health Care Appointments among Women in Perinatal Stage during the Covid-19 Lockdown. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17218272. [PMID: 33182388 PMCID: PMC7664877 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17218272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
To avoid spreading the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), health authorities have forced people to reorganize their working and private lives and to avoid open and public spaces as much as possible. This has also been the case for women both during pregnancy and after delivery. Here, we investigated the associations between subjective beliefs in risk of infections and health anxiety, depression, stress, and other perinatal dimensions. To this end, we assessed 103 women (mean age: 28.57 years) during pregnancy and after delivery. They completed a series of questionnaires covering sociodemographic information, perinatal information, health anxiety, post-partum depression, and stress. Sixty-six participants (64.1%) were in the pre-partum stage, and 37 (35.9%) were post-partum. Health anxiety was unrelated to depression or stress. Knowing and being close to infected people was associated with higher health anxiety. Strict following of the safety recommendations was associated with greater health anxiety, depression, and stress. Postponing or cancelling routine medical check appointments was observed among participants with high health anxiety scores. Higher illness severity, overall health anxiety scores, and lower stress scores predicted those participants who postponed or cancelled their routine medical check appointments. Post-partum stage and a larger number of children were associated with higher stress scores, but not with depression or stress. The results are of practical and clinical importance; it appears that health anxiety, which is to say fear of getting infected with COVID-19 during pregnancy or at the post-partum stage, was associated with postponing or cancelling routine medical check appointments, but not with stress or depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Shayganfard
- Department of Psychiatry, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak 3848176341, Iran;
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak 3848176341, Iran
| | - Fateme Mahdavi
- Student Research Committee, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak 3848176341, Iran;
| | - Mohammad Haghighi
- Research Center for Behavioral Disorders and Substances Abuse, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan 65174, Iran;
| | - Dena Sadeghi Bahmani
- Departments of Physical Therapy, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35209, USA;
- Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 67146, Iran
- Center for Affective-, Stress- and Sleep Disorders (ZASS), University of Basel, Psychiatric Clinics (UPK), 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Serge Brand
- Departments of Physical Therapy, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35209, USA;
- Center for Affective-, Stress- and Sleep Disorders (ZASS), University of Basel, Psychiatric Clinics (UPK), 4002 Basel, Switzerland
- Division of Sport Science and Psychosocial Health, Department of Sport, Exercise, and Health, University of Basel, 4052 Basel, Switzerland
- Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Health, Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 67146, Iran
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 25529, Iran
- Correspondence: or
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Anderson N. An evaluation of a mindfulness-based stress reduction intervention for critical care nursing staff: A quality improvement project. Nurs Crit Care 2020; 26:441-448. [PMID: 32989876 DOI: 10.1111/nicc.12552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Critical care is a stressful workplace for nursing staff. Mindfulness-based stress reduction programmes are an emerging concept to manage stress in nursing, but little is known about the impact of such interventions, especially in critical care settings. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES A quality improvement initiative was introduced to explore the effects of a mindfulness-based stress reduction intervention on a cohort of critical care nurses in terms of quality of life, perceived stress, mindfulness awareness, and sickness and absence rates. METHODS A pre-/post-interventional design recruited nurses (n = 25) working within a critical care unit to undertake the intervention. Participants were asked to complete psychometric questionnaires at three time points, pre-course (0 months), immediately post-course (8 weeks), and at a follow-up point at month 4. Sickness and absence rates were analysed to detect differences pre- and post-course. Retention rates were ascertained by numbers of participants completing the psychometric tests. FINDINGS Overall, positive correlations were found when comparing pre-course vs 8-week mean scores of satisfaction with life (P < .001), reduced perceived stress (P < .001), and mindfulness awareness (P = .002). Bootstrap analysis of the data confirmed that positive outcome measures were more significant at the 4-month mark in reduced perceived stress and mindfulness awareness (P < .001) compared with the satisfaction with life scale (P = .41). There was no significant change in sickness rates pre- and post-intervention (P = .69). The retention rate was 70% at month 4. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS Mindfulness training is a feasible and accepted intervention that critical care nurses may benefit from in terms of quality of life, perceived stress, and mindfulness awareness. This has positive outcomes for staff and patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil Anderson
- Matron in Critical Care and Critical Care Outreach, Bart's Health NHS Trust, London, UK
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Bastianon CD, Klein EM, Tibubos AN, Brähler E, Beutel ME, Petrowski K. Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) psychometric properties in migrants and native Germans. BMC Psychiatry 2020; 20:450. [PMID: 32917170 PMCID: PMC7488568 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-020-02851-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the increasing diversity of the German population, it is important to test the psychometric validity and reliability of the German version Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) specifically between German natives and residents with a migration background. METHODS Using nationally representative data (N = 2527), this study conducted an Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) to determine the most appropriate factor structure, a Multi-Group Confirmatory Factor Analysis (MGCFA) to compare the validity of the two-factor structure and tested the PSS-10 measurement invariance between the German native and migrant sub-samples. Lastly, reliability of the PSS-10 was examined via Cronbach's alpha, omega and individual item analyses across the two sub-samples. RESULTS The EFA results support a two-factor structure in the migrant sample. The MGCFA showed adequate model fit for both sub-samples and the PSS-10 is strict invariant between German natives and migrants. Cronbach's alpha and omega for Perceived Helplessness (PHS: factor 1) and Perceived Self-Efficacy (PSES: factor 2) demonstrate good internal consistency in both German and migrant sub-samples. CONCLUSIONS The key conclusions are: (1) the German version PSS-10 is suitable for German residents with a migration background. (2) Despite good internal consistency for the total scale, the PSS-10 measures two aspects: (a) perceived helplessness and (b) perceived self-efficacy. Future research would profit from analyzing the two subscales separately, not only using the total score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Diane Bastianon
- Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg, University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Eva M. Klein
- grid.410607.4Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ana Nanette Tibubos
- grid.410607.4Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Elmar Brähler
- grid.410607.4Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Manfred E. Beutel
- grid.410607.4Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Katja Petrowski
- grid.410607.4Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg, University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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Perinatal Food Insecurity and Postpartum Psychosocial Stress are Positively Associated Among Kenyan Women of Mixed HIV Status. AIDS Behav 2020; 24:1632-1642. [PMID: 31538283 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-019-02676-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Stress and food insecurity (FI) are associated with poor perinatal and HIV outcomes. We hypothesized that FI would increase postpartum stress among women in Kenya, and that the impact would be greater in women with HIV. Among 371 pregnant women, we identified latent FI trajectories across the perinatal period, and estimated their association with postpartum stress. Stress metrics included the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and hair cortisol concentrations (HCC). We identified two FI trajectories: persistent moderate FI and persistent mild FI. Moderate FI (vs. mild) was associated with higher PSS; this association was stronger among HIV-negative women. We observed a trend towards higher HCC associated with moderate FI, which did not differ by HIV status. HCC and PSS were not correlated. In summary, moderate FI (vs. mild) was associated with increased stress. The lack of PSS-HCC correlation could reflect different physiological pathways. Interventions to mitigate FI could alleviate postpartum stress.
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Bardaquim VA, Santos SVMD, Dias EG, Dalri RDCDMB, Mendes AMDOC, Gallani MC, Robazzi MLDCC. Stress and cortisol levels among members of the nursing team. Rev Bras Enferm 2020; 73 Suppl 1:e20180953. [PMID: 32490947 DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2018-0953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the characteristics of hospital nursing professionals with the presence of stress, and to associate this with capillary cortisol. METHOD A cross-sectional, exploratory and correlational study, conducted in a hospital in São Paulo, Brazil. A total of 164 nursing professionals participated; the Perceived Stress Scale was administered, and hair samples were obtained for laboratory analysis. Data were entered into a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet (2010), and then into Microsoft Office and the R software, version 3.2.2. RESULTS High levels of capillary cortisol in 47% of participants suggest the presence of stress, but no statistical significance between cortisol and stress levels were found. CONCLUSIONS Stress and capillary cortisol levels were indicative of stress among nursing professionals; however, no association between them was found, although the values found were above those recommended.
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Assessing psychological stress in South African university students: Measurement validity of the perceived stress scale (PSS-10) in diverse populations. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-020-00784-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Pearson AL, Pfeiffer KA, Gardiner J, Horton T, Buxton RT, Hunter RF, Breeze V, McDade T. Study of active neighborhoods in Detroit (StAND): study protocol for a natural experiment evaluating the health benefits of ecological restoration of parks. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:638. [PMID: 32380967 PMCID: PMC7204306 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-08716-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals living in deprived inner cities have disproportionately high rates of cancers, Type 2 diabetes and obesity, which have stress- and physical inactivity-related etiologies. This study aims to quantify effects of ecological park restoration on physical activity, stress and cardio-metabolic health outcomes. METHODS The Study of Active Neighborhoods in Detroit is a quasi-experimental, longitudinal panel natural experiment with two conditions (restored park intervention (INT) and control (CNT)) and annual measurements at baseline and 3-years post-restoration. Individuals (sampled within 500 m of an INT/CNT park) serve as the unit of analysis. Restoration (n = 4 parks) involves replacing non-native plants and turf with native plants; creating trails; posting signage; and leading community stewardship events. The CNT condition (n = 5) is an unmaintained park, matched to INT based on specified neighborhood conditions. Recruitment involves several avenues, with a retention goal of 450 participants. Park measures include plant/avian diversity; usage of the park (SOPARC); signs of care; auditory environment recordings; and visual greenness using 360 imagery. Health outcomes include device-based physical activity behavior (primary outcome); salivary cortisol (secondary outcome); and several downstream health outcomes. Exposure to the INT will be assessed through visual contact time and time spent in the park using GPS data. Changes in health outcomes between years and INT versus CNT will be tested using generalized linear (mixed) models. DISCUSSION Our study will examine whether restored urban greenspaces increase physical activity and lower stress, with public health planning implications, where small changes in neighborhood greenspaces may have large health benefits in low-income neighborhoods. STUDY REGISTRATION Registration: OSF Preregistration registered March 31, 2020. Accessible from https://osf.io/surx7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber L. Pearson
- Department of Geography, Environment and Spatial Sciences, Michigan State University, 673 Auditorium Road, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - Karin A. Pfeiffer
- Department of Kinesiology, Michigan State University, 27R Intramural Rec Sports- Circle, 308 West Circle Drive, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - Joseph Gardiner
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, 909 Wilson Road, Room B601, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - Teresa Horton
- Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, 1810 Hinman Ave, Evanston, IL 60208 USA
| | - Rachel T. Buxton
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, 209 Nesbitt Biology Building, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada
| | - Ruth F. Hunter
- Centre for Public Health, Queen’s University Belfast, University Road, Belfast, BT7 1NN Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Victoria Breeze
- Department of Geography, Environment and Spatial Sciences, Michigan State University, 673 Auditorium Road, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - Thomas McDade
- Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, 1810 Hinman Ave, Evanston, IL 60208 USA
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Schneider EE, Schönfelder S, Domke-Wolf M, Wessa M. Measuring stress in clinical and nonclinical subjects using a German adaptation of the Perceived Stress Scale. Int J Clin Health Psychol 2020; 20:173-181. [PMID: 32550857 PMCID: PMC7296237 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijchp.2020.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Objective: Stress is perceived differently across individuals, which might be particularly true for nonclinical and clinical subjects. For this reason, we tested a German adaption of the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) for model fit and measurement invariance in a big nonclinical and clinical sample. Method: We (1) conducted multiple confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) in 1,248 nonclinical subjects and 575 outpatients, (2) measurement invariance with multigroup CFA, (3) assessed correlations with relevant constructs and (4) calculated internal consistencies for overall stress and the subscales Helplessness and Self-efficacy. Results: In both samples, CFA revealed a robust two-factorial structure with an excellent model fit. Group comparisons revealed strict measurement invariance. Correlations with associated measures support validity. Internal consistencies were good to very good. Conclusions: We show highly satisfactory psychometric properties of the German PSS-10 for nonclinical and clinical individuals. Measurement invariance analyses demonstrated that varying stress levels of people with a different mental health status are due to true interindividual differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Elisa Schneider
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Neuropsychology, Institute for Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Mila Domke-Wolf
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Neuropsychology, Institute for Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Germany
| | - Michèle Wessa
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Neuropsychology, Institute for Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research, Mainz, Germany
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Simhachalam Kutikuppala L, Vadugu S, Salaam M, Sundara Kiran ANS, Sathvika MV. A cross-sectional study on the preponderance of stress and depression among medical students and their association with various recent factors. CHRISMED JOURNAL OF HEALTH AND RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/cjhr.cjhr_80_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Anwer S, Manzar MD, Alghadir AH, Salahuddin M, Abdul Hameed U. Psychometric Analysis of the Perceived Stress Scale Among Healthy University Students. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2020; 16:2389-2396. [PMID: 33116538 PMCID: PMC7585521 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s268582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a gradual increase in the prevalence of stress during professional courses. Previous studies reported a high incidence of stress among university students. The psychometric properties of the perceived stress scale-10 (PSS-10) have been established in different populations. The current study aimed to assess psychometric properties of the PSS-10 in Saudi university students. METHODS Healthy university students (n= 192) participated in this cross-sectional study. All the participants were explained about the aim and procedures of the study. Participants were requested to complete the English version of the PSS, the generalized anxiety disorder-7 (GAD-7), the sleep hygiene index (SHI), and demographic details. RESULTS The range of the PSS-10 total score was 0-35; 1% reported minimum score of 0, but none reported maximum score of 40. Therefore, there was no issue of ceiling or floor effect in the PSS-10 total score. Positive and significant correlations of the PSS total and the PSS Factor-1 (distress perception) with the GAD-7 total score, SHI item-8 and SHI item-13 score support its convergent validity. Negative or no correlation of the PSS Factor-2 score (coping perception) with the GAD-7 total score, SHI item-8 and SHI item-13 scores demonstrate its divergent validity. The internal homogeneity test indicated moderate to strong positive correlations (r=0.60-0.82) between the PSS Factors and the items loading on them. The internal consistency test showed a good agreement for the PSS Factor-1 and the PSS Factor-2 scores (Cronbach's alpha 0.78 and 0.71, respectively), suggesting an acceptable level of consistency. Factor analysis favored a 2-Factor model of the PSS in the Saudi students. CONCLUSION The current study supported the use of the PSS-10 to assess the perceived stress among Saudi university students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahnawaz Anwer
- Rehabilitation Research Chair, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Building and Real Estate, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Md Dilshad Manzar
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad H Alghadir
- Rehabilitation Research Chair, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Salahuddin
- Pharmacology Division, Department of BioMolecular Sciences, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, USA
| | - Unaise Abdul Hameed
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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Merced-Nieves FM, Aguiar A, Dzwilewski KLC, Musaad S, Korrick SA, Schantz SL. Association of prenatal maternal perceived stress with a sexually dimorphic measure of cognition in 4.5-month-old infants. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2020; 77:106850. [PMID: 31812786 PMCID: PMC6980724 DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2019.106850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Maternal prenatal stress can adversely impact subsequent child neurodevelopment, but little is known about its effect on cognitive development in infancy. This analysis of 107 infants from a prospective birth cohort assessed whether prenatal stress disrupts sexually dimorphic performance typically observed on a physical reasoning task. Maternal stress was assessed at 8-14 and 33-37 gestational weeks using the Perceived Stress Scale. Stress was defined as: low (scores below the median at both times), medium (scores above the median at one of the two times), and high (scores above the median at both times). At 4.5 months infants saw videos of two events: one impossible and the other possible. In the impossible event a box was placed against a wall without support underneath. In the possible event the box was placed against the wall, supported by the floor. Looking time at each event was recorded via infrared eye-tracking. Previous literature has shown that, at 4.5 months of age, girls typically look significantly longer at the impossible than at the possible event, suggesting that they expect the unsupported box to fall and are surprised when it does not. Boys tend to look equally at the two events suggesting that they do not share this expectation. This sex difference was replicated in the current study. General linear models stratified by sex and adjusted for household income, maternal education, mother's age at birth, infant's age at exam, and order of event presentation revealed that girls whose mothers reported high perceived stress during pregnancy had shorter looking time differences between the impossible and possible events than girls whose mothers reported low perceived stress (β = -7.1; 95% CI: -12.0, -2.2 s; p = 0.006). Similar to boys, girls in the highest stress category spent about the same amount of time looking at each event. For boys, there were no significant looking time differences by maternal stress level. This finding suggests prenatal stress is associated with a delay in the development of physical reasoning in girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- F M Merced-Nieves
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States of America; Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States of America.
| | - A Aguiar
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States of America; Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States of America
| | - K L C Dzwilewski
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States of America; Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States of America
| | - S Musaad
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - S A Korrick
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America; Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - S L Schantz
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States of America; Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States of America; Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States of America
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Seedhom AE, Kamel EG, Mohammed ES, Raouf NR. Predictors of Perceived Stress among Medical and Nonmedical College Students, Minia, Egypt. Int J Prev Med 2019; 10:107. [PMID: 31360354 PMCID: PMC6592112 DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_6_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Nowadays, stress has been tagged a global phenomenon. Many undergraduate students undergo considerable stress, and a variety of sources of stress have been identified among university students. The aim of this study is to identify the level of perceived stress and its predictors among medical and nonmedical Minia University students. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study comparing between medical and nonmedical students in Minia University, conducted during the period from March to April 2017. The sample consisted of 314 medical and 291 nonmedical students chosen through cluster random sampling as a section was chosen randomly from each academic year and collectively form the final sample. Data were collected through interview by a questionnaire inquiring about sociodemographic data, common stressors as academic, financial, family, and transportation stressors and Cohen Perceived Stress Scale 10. Results: The prevalence of perceived stress was slightly higher (88.9%) among medical students than among nonmedical students (83.5%). Severe stress was found among (18.8%) of medical students compared to (12.4%) among nonmedical students (P < 0.05). The significant predictors of perceived stress were academic stressors, no exercise and being female among medical students, and were academic and financial stressors among nonmedical students. Conclusions: Medical students perceived more stress than nonmedical students. The academic stressors were significant predictors among all students; hence, there is a need for the establishment of students counseling unit, to facilitate coping with the stress of study and examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amany Edward Seedhom
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Emad Gergis Kamel
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Eman Sameh Mohammed
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Nehal Refaat Raouf
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
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An YC, Liang CS, Lee JT, Lee MS, Chen SJ, Tsai CL, Lin GY, Lin YK, Yang FC. Effect of Sex and Adaptation on Migraine Frequency and Perceived Stress: A Cross-Sectional Case-Control Study. Front Neurol 2019; 10:598. [PMID: 31231306 PMCID: PMC6560056 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Perceived stress has been related to migraine. The relationship between sex, migraine frequency, and severity of perceived stress remains unclear. We investigated perceived stress among migraineurs. Methods: This cross-sectional case-control study involved 577 clinical outpatients at a tertiary hospital in Taiwan. Demographic and clinical data, including migraine characteristics, were collected. Migraineurs were stratified by episode frequency, aura and sex, and analyses were controlled for confounding variables. Multivariable linear regressions were used to inspect whether migraine frequency (1-4, 5-8, 9-14, or ≥15 headache days per month) was associated with perceived stress as assessed by the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Results: Perceived stress was significantly higher in high frequency migraineurs (mean ± standard deviation (SD), 23.3 ± 8.7) than in low frequency migraineurs (mean ± SD, 21.9 ± 9.2; P < 0.05). After stratifying the analysis by sex, this result was observed in male subjects, but was insignificant in female subjects. In addition, the relationship between migraine frequency and perceived stress was not prominent in aura-present or -absent subgroups. Conclusions: Higher perceived stress was associated with higher migraine frequency, but not in chronic migraine and female subgroups. Adaptation to migraine and various psychiatric comorbidities may contribute to these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chin An
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Sung Liang
- Department of Psychiatry, Beitou Branch, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jiunn-Tay Lee
- Department of Neurology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Meei-Shyuan Lee
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sy-Jou Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Lin Tsai
- Department of Neurology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Yu Lin
- Department of Neurology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Kai Lin
- Department of Neurology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Chi Yang
- Department of Neurology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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Bagheri R, Pourahmadi MR, Hedayati R, Safavi-Farokhi Z, Aminian-Far A, Tavakoli S, Bagheri J. Relationships Between Hoffman Reflex Parameters, Trait Stress, and Athletic Performance. Percept Mot Skills 2018; 125:749-768. [PMID: 29909738 DOI: 10.1177/0031512518782562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the relationships between trait stress, Hoffman reflex, and performance among 36 healthy amateur male athletes. We first obtained a trait stress questionnaire from participants and then assigned them to high- and low-stress groups. We next recorded Hoffman reflex data from the soleus and lateral gastrocnemius muscles and then examined their athletic performance on testing protocols separated by a 72-hour washout period. Performance testing utilized vertical jump height, 20 -m sprint time, and standing stork tests. There were significant correlations between (a) the standing stork test, vertical jump height, and trait stress and (b) Hmax/ Mmax ratios, threshold intensity ( Hth), the intensity of the Hmax, and the intensity of the Hlast. Hth, the intensity of Hmax, and the intensity of Hlast were significantly higher among the low-stress compared with the high-stress participant groups ( p < .05), despite participants' similar training history. We suggest that self-perceived psychological stress affects performance through neural adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasool Bagheri
- 1 Neuromuscular Rehabilitation Research Center, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Pourahmadi
- 2 Department of Physiotherapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Iran
| | - Rozita Hedayati
- 1 Neuromuscular Rehabilitation Research Center, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Ziaeddin Safavi-Farokhi
- 1 Neuromuscular Rehabilitation Research Center, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Atefeh Aminian-Far
- 1 Neuromuscular Rehabilitation Research Center, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Sadegh Tavakoli
- 3 Department of Physiotherapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jafar Bagheri
- 4 Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Iran
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