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Machado N, Abreo L, Petkari E, Pinto da Costa M. The relationship of social contacts with prisoners' mental health: a systematic review. Public Health 2024; 234:199-216. [PMID: 39053366 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2024.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Prisoners' common mental disorders (CMDs) and their social contacts are a complex and significant concern. We have systematically investigated the relationship between social contacts (i.e. perceived, and objective social support, and loneliness) and prisoners' mental health. STUDY DESIGN This systematic review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). METHODS A protocol was developed and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023372942). A search strategy was applied across four databases (namely MEDLINE [via OVID SP], APA PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science). The quality assessment entailed the critical appraisal skills program (CASP) Checklist for cohort studies. The data were presented through a narrative synthesis. RESULTS After screening, 32 studies that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were included in this review. Most were cross-sectional (k = 27), while five had a longitudinal design. The total number of study participants was 10,613. The majority of the studies reported negative correlations between perceived and objective social support and symptoms of common mental disorders (CMDs), specifically, depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The included studies appeared to indicate a correlation between loneliness and PTSD symptoms. CONCLUSIONS The lack of social support was linked to the development or exacerbation of CMDs in prisoners. Initiatives, such as reducing visitation barriers and providing access to technology for remote communication, can assist prisoners in strengthening their support systems and enhancing their opportunities for reintegration into society.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Machado
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - L Abreo
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - E Petkari
- Faculty of Health Sciences of the Universidad Internacional de La Rioja, La Rioja, Spain
| | - M Pinto da Costa
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
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Wu C, Liu X, Liu J, Tao Y, Li Y. Strengthening the meaning in life among college students: the role of self-acceptance and social support - evidence from a network analysis. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1433609. [PMID: 39077206 PMCID: PMC11284095 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1433609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Meaning in life, which has two possible sources: self-acceptance and social support, is essential to the mental health and development of college students. The current study aims to further clarify the symptom-level relations between meaning in life, self-acceptance, and social support, finding possible ways to improve meaning in the life of college students. Thousand three hundred and forty-eight Chinese college students completed the online questionnaire, including Self-acceptance Questionnaire, Social Support Rating Scale, and Meaning in Life Questionnaire and the data from 1,263 participants was used. Cross-sectional network analysis was used to examine the relation between self-acceptance and social support. We also explored the relation between dimensions of self-acceptance and social support and meaning in life using the flow network. The results show symptom "SlA" (self-acceptance) is the bridge symptom linking self-acceptance and social support. In the flow diagrams, "SlA" is directly and positively associated with the presence of meaning. Objective Support shares the strongest positive association with the search for meaning. The symptom "SIA" may be an important targeting symptom when trying to improve the meaning in life of college students. Additionally, social support is essential for college students to develop meaning in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiyun Wu
- Center for Psychological Education and Counseling, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Xueting Liu
- Department of Student Affairs Management, Mudanjiang Normal University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Jinxin Liu
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Yanqiang Tao
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuting Li
- Department of Chinese Medicine Nursing, School of Nursing, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Zhang S, Li H, Li H, Zhao S. The effect of autistic traits on prosocial behavior: The chain mediating role of received social support and perceived social support. AUTISM : THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2024; 28:600-615. [PMID: 37248706 DOI: 10.1177/13623613231177776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT There is growing evidence that the defining characteristics of autism spectrum disorder are distributed across the general population; therefore, understanding the correlates of prosocial behavior in individuals with high levels of autistic traits could shed light on autism spectrum disorder and prosocial behavior. In this study, the mechanism underlying the influence of individuals’ autistic traits on their prosocial behavior was explored by conducting a questionnaire survey of 414 Chinese college students. The results showed that autistic traits can influence individuals’ prosocial behavior not only through the separate effects of received social support and perceived social support but also through the chain mediating effects of received social support and perceived social support; however, the direct effect of autistic traits on individuals’ prosocial behavior is not significant. This study is conducive to understanding the internal mechanism underlying the relationship between autistic traits and prosocial behavior. Future work is required to further investigate the clinical autism spectrum disorder samples and cross-cultural applicability of the model found in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hong Li
- South China Normal University, China
| | - Hai Li
- Southern Medical University, China
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Jia L, Wang X. Self-Efficacy and Life Satisfaction Mediate the Relationship between Perceived Social Support and Career Exploration among College Students: A Cross-Sectional Study. THE JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2024; 158:368-382. [PMID: 38358782 DOI: 10.1080/00223980.2024.2312870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous research on career exploration has mainly focused on cognitive-personal variables. Although the social cognitive career theory model posits that personality could influence career exploration through both personal agency and contextual factors, very few studies have examined the two possible paths simultaneously. We hypothesized that individuals who perceive higher social support experience more career exploration behavior, and this relationship is mediated by higher self-efficacy and life satisfaction. The participants of this study were 853 Chinese college students. The results showed that self-efficacy and life satisfaction independently and jointly mediated the relationship between perceived social support and career exploration. The multiple mediation model showed that the high perceived social support would increase students' sense of self-efficacy, which could improve their sense of life satisfaction, and further help them engage in more career exploration activities.
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Ma J, Xiao Q. Relationship Between Self-Compassion and Compassion for Others: The Mediated Effect of Perceived Social Support and Psychological Resilience. Psychol Rep 2024:332941241226906. [PMID: 38214161 DOI: 10.1177/00332941241226906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Studies from individualistic cultural contexts have shown there were no or negative significant correlation between self-compassion and compassion (for others). However, there may be a closer association between them in a collectivism and Buddhism culture. This study randomly selected 441 college students in China and used measures of self-compassion, trait compassion (compassion for others), psychological resilience, and perceiving social support to investigate this relationship. The results showed a moderately positive correlation between self-compassion and compassion. Further chain-mediation analyses revealed that self-compassion not only directly predicted compassion for others but also indirectly influenced it through the mediating effects of perceiving social support and psychological resilience. The results of this study suggest that the quality of compassion may be significantly influenced by culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialan Ma
- Department of Psychology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Huhehaote, China
| | - Qianguo Xiao
- Research center of Humanities and Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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Ruan S, Wang X, Zhao C, Li Q, Li WM, Zhang G, Pan J, Yang X. Psychosocial Correlates of Motivation for Abstinence Among People Who Used Drugs After Community Rehabilitation Treatment in China: A Structural Equation Modelling. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2024; 17:39-50. [PMID: 38192274 PMCID: PMC10773245 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s440876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Enhancing abstinence motivation of drugs is an effective strategy for the rehabilitation of people who used drugs and prevention of drug use relapse. However, little is known about its risk and protective factors. This study aimed to examine the potential intrapersonal (ie, impulsivity, depression, anxiety, sleep quality) and interpersonal factors (ie, perceived social support) of abstinence motivation among people who completed the community rehabilitation treatment. Methods A total of 222 participants (mean age = 43; male = 89.2%) were recruited from eleven communities located in Wenzhou, China. Data were collected using a self-reported questionnaire in counselling room settings between April and June 2021. Results The proportions of participants with depression, anxiety, and poor sleep quality were 38.8%, 19.5%, and 21.2%, respectively. Age and family history of physical disease were significant background factors of abstinence motivation. Impulsivity, depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and poor quality of sleep were negatively associated with abstinence motivation. Perceived social support from family and important others was positively associated with abstinence motivation. Structural equation modeling fitted the data well in which impulsivity and perceived social support were both associated with abstinence motivation indirectly through mental health problems. Conclusion The identified psychosocial factors should be addressed in community rehabilitation treatment and follow-up service to enhance abstinence motivation and the long-term effectiveness of the treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songli Ruan
- Mental Health Education and Guidance Center of College Students, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengjia Zhao
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qian Li
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wing Ming Li
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guohua Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianshe Pan
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue Yang
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
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Ruan QN, Shen GH, Yang JS, Yan WJ. The interplay of self-acceptance, social comparison and attributional style in adolescent mental health: cross-sectional study. BJPsych Open 2023; 9:e202. [PMID: 37886819 PMCID: PMC10753959 DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2023.594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescence is a pivotal stage vulnerable to mental health problems such as anxiety and depression. Although self-acceptance and social comparison are known to affect adolescent mental health, their interactive and moderating roles are not fully understood. AIMS To explore the role of self-acceptance, social comparison and attributional style in predicting these mental health outcomes among adolescents in clinical settings. METHOD A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 242 adolescents. Participants completed measures assessing self-acceptance, social comparison, attributional style and mental health outcomes (depression and anxiety). Mediation models and multi-group analysis were used to examine the relationships among these variables. RESULTS Our findings demonstrated a significant relationship between self-acceptance, social comparison, depression and anxiety (rs = 0.32-0.88). Specifically, lower self-acceptance and higher social comparison were associated with higher levels of depression and anxiety. Additionally, individuals with external attributional tendencies reported higher depression (Cohen's d = 0.61) and anxiety (d = 0.58) compared with those with internal tendencies. Mediation modelling showed that social comparison is a mediator between self-acceptance and depression (effect size -0.04, 95% CI -0.08 to -0.01) and anxiety (effect size -0.06, 95% CI -0.10 to -0.02). Crucially, multi-group analysis showed that the impact of social comparison on mental health outcomes varied significantly based on attributional style. CONCLUSIONS These findings underscore the importance of considering self-acceptance, social comparison and attributional style in understanding and addressing mental health challenges during adolescence. This could inform the development of targeted interventions to promote mental health and well-being among adolescents. However, further research is needed to confirm these findings in diverse populations and to explore the underlying mechanisms in greater detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Nan Ruan
- Psychological Counselling and Treatment Centre, Seventh People's Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Guang-Hui Shen
- Psychological Counselling and Treatment Centre, Seventh People's Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiang-Shun Yang
- Psychological Counselling and Treatment Centre, Seventh People's Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wen-Jing Yan
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; and Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Centre for Mental Illness, Affiliated Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Liu Z, Zhao X, Zhao L, Zhang L. Relationship between perceived social support and mental health among Chinese college football athletes: a moderated mediation model. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:329. [PMID: 37822005 PMCID: PMC10568796 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01357-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous researches have confirmed that perceived social support has a profound effect on individuals' mental health. However, the effects and potential mechanisms of perceived social support on mental health of college athletes are still largely unknown, especially during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore the relationship between perceived social support and mental health in college football athletes, and to evaluate whether hopelessness and psychological pressure affected this relationship. A sample of 672 Chinese college football athletes (37.9% girls; Mage = 20.43 years; SDage = 1.68) were investigated with the Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS), the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10), the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Surveys were voluntary and anonymous. The findings revealed that, after adjusting for demographic factors, hopelessness mediated the relationship between Chinese college football athletes' perceived social support and their mental health. Furthermore, psychological pressure moderated the negative association between perceived social support and hopelessness, and the association was stronger for them with high-level psychological pressure. These results underline the need for focused strategies in the prevention and treatment of mental health issues among Chinese college football athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongyu Liu
- School of Physical Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China
| | - Xiuhan Zhao
- School of Physical Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China
| | - Liangyu Zhao
- School of Physical Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China
| | - Liguo Zhang
- School of Physical Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China.
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Seifu BL, Nigatu SG, Gezie LD. Health-related quality of life and associated factors among prisoners in Gondar city prison, Northwest Ethiopia: Using structural equation modeling. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290626. [PMID: 37624811 PMCID: PMC10456194 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prisoners usually need more comprehensive health and social support than the general population. Due to the growing number of prisoners in Ethiopia and limited access to health service, quality of life is a key concern. Compromised health-related quality of life imposes short and long-term consequences on the prisoners, their families, and the healthcare system. In Ethiopia, there are limited studies that investigate health outcomes and health-related quality of life in this particular population. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the magnitude of health-related quality of life and associated factors among prisoners considering the multidimensional nature of health related quality of life. METHODS An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 1,246 prisoners who were enrolled using simple random sampling. The World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQoL-BREF-26) and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) tools were used to assess the HRQoL and depression among prisoners, respectively. The relationships between exogenous, mediating, and endogenous variables were identified using structural equation modeling. As the mediation of effects were present, then the direct, indirect, and total effects were determined. General fit indices of the final model were acceptable (x2/df = 1.76, p < 0.001, RMSEA = 0.06, TLI = 0.90, CFI = 0.91, and SRMR = 0.06). RESULT The mean (standard deviation) score of the overall health related quality of life was 53.25 (15.12). Having an underlying medical condition had negative total effect on health related quality of life while visits in prison had positive total effect. Having income-generating work in prison had only a direct positive effect. Whereas, older age, being married, longer duration of imprisonment, and depression all had only a negative direct effect on one or more domains of quality of life (p<0.05). CONCLUSION Inmates in Gondar Prison have very poor and compromised levels of physical and psychological health despite having a modest degree of overall HRQoL. The result of this study is significant for people who work in and research the prison environment because it can assist in recognizing prisoners' health needs and devising treatment procedures that take into consideration physical, psychological, environmental, and social relationship aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beminate Lemma Seifu
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Samara University, Samara, Ethiopia
| | - Solomon Gedlu Nigatu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences and Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Lemma Derseh Gezie
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences and Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Mao X, Luo P, Li F, Zhang F, Zhang J, Deng W, Li Z, Hou T, Dong W. PTSD of Chinese nurses in the normalisation of COVID-19 pandemic prevention and control: Prevalence and correlates. J Glob Health 2023; 13:06033. [PMID: 37616126 PMCID: PMC10449031 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.13.06033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Though the severe prevention and control measures faced by Chinese nurses had changed during the normalisation stage of the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, they still worked under great stress. Due to a lack of related evidence, we aimed to investigate the prevalence and correlates of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among Chinese nurses during the normalisation of COVID-19 pandemic prevention and control measures. Methods Using convenience sampling, we recruited 784 nurses in Jiangsu province, China to complete a survey via their mobile devices. We used a demographic questionnaire, the Perceived Social Support Scale, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, the General Self-Efficacy Scale, and The Impact of Event Scale-Revised to collect data and applied binary logistic regression analysis to identify factors associated with PTSD. Results The prevalence of PTSD was 26.4%. Married nurses were less likely to experience PTSD than unmarried ones (odds ratio (OR) = 0.573; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.33-0.99, P = 0.046). Social support (OR = 0.96; 95% CI = 0.94-0.98, P = 0.000) and resilience (OR = 0.98; 95% CI = 0.97-0.99, P = 0.004) were significant predictors of PTSD. Conclusions PTSD remained prevalent among Chinese nurses as COVID-19 pandemic prevention and control measures became normalised, with an incidence rate of 26.4%. Resilience, social support, and marital status were factors associated with PTSD. Chinese hospital management must intervene to improve resilience and social support for nurses to reduce symptoms of PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Mao
- Faculty of Psychology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengfei Luo
- Department of Burn and Trauma Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fengzhan Li
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Faculty of Psychology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianguo Zhang
- Faculty of Psychology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenxi Deng
- Faculty of Psychology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziqiang Li
- Faculty of Psychology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianya Hou
- Faculty of Psychology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Dong
- Faculty of Psychology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Hao R, Jin H, Zuo J, Wu Y, Sun X, Hu J. The multiple mediating effect of family health and perceived social support on depressive symptoms in older adults: A cross-sectional national survey in China. J Affect Disord 2023; 327:348-354. [PMID: 36731543 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.01.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression harms older adults' physical health and quality of life, especially for those with disabilities. This study aims to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of depressive symptoms in older adults and influencing factors involving neuroticism in China. METHODS A multistage random sampling method was adopted to recruit older adults. We conducted a multiple mediating analysis to explore how overall family health and perceived social support affect the relationship between neuroticism and depressive symptoms in older adults. RESULTS A total of 1122 older adults were included in this study, and 529 individuals reported suffering from depressive symptoms (47.1 %). Mediation analysis results indicated that neuroticism had a direct predictive effect on depressive symptoms in older adults. Family health and perceived social support partly mediated the relationship between neuroticism and depressive symptoms in older adults. Moreover, depressive symptoms in older adults with high neuroticism was directly affected by decreasing family health and indirectly and cumulatively aggravated by the mediation of lower perceived social support. LIMITATIONS The cross-sectional study design limits the conclusion about causation and directionality. CONCLUSIONS Family health and perceived social support can prevent depressive symptoms in older adults with high neuroticism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Hao
- School of Nursing, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Haoyu Jin
- School of Nursing, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China; School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jinfan Zuo
- School of Nursing, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yibo Wu
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaonan Sun
- Department of Social Science and Humanities, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Jie Hu
- School of Nursing, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China; School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
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Mendes R, Baccon WC, Laranjeira C. Fear of COVID-19, Mental Health and Resilient Coping in Young Adult Male Inmates: A Portuguese Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:ijerph20085510. [PMID: 37107792 PMCID: PMC10138818 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20085510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Inmates are highly exposed to mental and physical disorders. Therefore, periodic screening of their mental health and other health risks is required. This study aims to investigate the perceived fear of COVID-19 and the psychological impact of the pandemic in a sample of young adult male inmates. An institutional-based quantitative cross-sectional study design was performed. Data collection took place from July to September 2022 at a juvenile prison in the central region of Portugal. Data were collected using questionnaires on demographic and health characteristics; fear of COVID-19; depression, anxiety and stress levels; and resilient coping. The sample included 60 male inmates imprisoned for over 2 years. Stress was the most common symptom among inmates (75%), followed by anxiety (38.3%) and depression (36.7%). The mean score on the Fear of COVID-19 Scale was 17.38 ± 4.80, indicating relatively low fear levels. Low resilient scores were found in 38 participants (63.3%). Participants reported moderately high ranges of 3.62 ± 0.87 regarding mental health perception, 3.73 ± 0.95 for physical health perception, and 3.27 ± 0.82 for global health concerning the previous month. The Pearson correlation matrix indicated significant and moderate to strong correlations between fear of COVID-19 and mental health-related variables (p < 0.001). The predicting factors of fear of COVID-19 were identified by deploying a multiple linear regression model. We found four predictors: age, perception of mental health, and overall levels of anxiety and stress (R2 = 0.497). Fear of a given scenario or factor may shift with time. Therefore, long-term research is needed to evaluate whether fear of COVID-19 is adaptive or long-reactive in victims. Our study can assist policymakers, mental health and public health experts, and others in recognizing and managing pandemic-related fears and mental health symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rute Mendes
- Estabelecimento Prisional de Leiria, Avenida da Comunidade Europeia, No 1-Apartado 460, 2410-755 Leiria, Portugal
- School of Health Sciences of Polytechnic, University of Leiria, Campus 2, Morro do Lena, Alto do Vieiro, Apartado 4137, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
| | - Wanessa Cristina Baccon
- Postgraduate Nursing Program, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790-Zona 7, Maringá 87020-900, PR, Brazil
| | - Carlos Laranjeira
- School of Health Sciences of Polytechnic, University of Leiria, Campus 2, Morro do Lena, Alto do Vieiro, Apartado 4137, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
- Centre for Innovative Care and Health Technology (ciTechCare), Rua de Santo André—66–68, Campus 5, Polytechnic University of Leiria, 2410-541 Leiria, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), University of Évora, 7000-801 Évora, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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Harmanci H, Akdeniz S. Self-Compassion and COVID-19 Stress in Turkish Healthcare Workers: The Mediating Role of Psychological Resilience. Psychol Rep 2023; 126:775-790. [PMID: 36573899 PMCID: PMC9806201 DOI: 10.1177/00332941221149173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic is a time when both physical and mental health are affected. Due to the increased workload and crucial strains brought on by the pandemic, healthcare workers (HW) have been disproportionately affected by this period of time. Understanding the stress faced by HW, identifying the elements that impact stress, and making reinforcements in these areas are deemed critical in order to avoid disruption of health services and protect public health. The aim of this research is to measure the COVID-19 stress level in HW and to evaluate its relationship with self-compassion and psychological resilience. The study included 281 HW who volunteered to participate and actively served in pandemic services. The researchers used a sociodemographic information form, the Coronavirus Stress Scale, Psychological Resilience Scale, and the Self-Compassion Scale in the study. The data were collected online, and analyzed using the SPSS 25.0 and PROCESS applications. In the second year of the pandemic, HW are still facing the burden of COVID-19. In our observations in this study, we see that COVID-19 stress has a negative relationship with self-compassion and resilience. Self-compassion and resilience account for 20% of COVID-19 stress variation. The connection between self-compassion and COVID-19 stress is partially mediated by resilience. It is important to develop these skills, as psychological resilience and self-compassion skills are effective in maintaining HW' mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Harmanci
- Psychology Department, 218507KTO Karatay University, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Konya, Turkey
| | - Seher Akdeniz
- Psychology Department, 218507KTO Karatay University, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Konya, Turkey
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14
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Factors influencing self-management behavior during the "Blanking Period" in patients with atrial fibrillation: A cross-sectional study based on the information-motivation-behavioral skills model. Heart Lung 2023; 58:62-68. [PMID: 36403555 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2022.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atrial fibrillation (AF) is becoming increasingly common. Effective self-management during the "Blanking Period" is critical. The Information-Motivation-Behavioral skills (IMB) model can be used to study health behaviors in chronic disease patients, but it has not been studied in AF patients. OBJECTIVE The goal of this study was to explore the influencing factors and interaction pathways of self-management behavior in AF patients during the "Blanking Period" using the IMB model. METHODS From June to December 2021, a cross-sectional design was conducted. Patients with AF during the "Blanking Period" (N=220) were recruited. They filled out several quantitative questionnaires, including the Jessa Atrial Fibrillation Knowledge Questionnaire, the Confidence in Atrial Fibrillation Management Scale, the Perceived Social Support Scale, the All Aspects of Health Literacy Scale, and the Self-care Scale for Chronic Atrial Fibrillation Patients. Data were analyzed using correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis, and path analysis. RESULTS Total score of self-management behavior was (33.83 ± 10.66). AF knowledge (β = 0.252, P < 0.001), self-management confidence (β = 0.219, P < 0.001), social support (β = 0.291, P < 0.001), and health literacy (β = 0.262, P < 0.001) were all positively correlated with patients' self-management behavior, accounting for 66.50 percent of the total variance. CONCLUSIONS During the "Blanking Period", the IMB model can be used to predict the factors that influence self-management behavior in AF patients. By using IMB model, interventions targeting patient-specific influencing factors could improve self-management behavior and quality of life in AF patients.
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15
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Sanghvi DE, Zainal NH, Newman MG. Trait self-acceptance mediates parental childhood abuse predicting depression and anxiety symptoms in adulthood. J Anxiety Disord 2023; 94:102673. [PMID: 36696871 PMCID: PMC10193854 DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2023.102673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biopsychosocial models posit that experiencing parental childhood abuse increases vulnerability to psychopathology in adulthood. There are a lack of studies investigating mediators of the parental childhood abuse-adulthood psychopathology relation. The current study investigated if trait self-acceptance mediated the parental childhood abuse-adulthood major depressive disorder (MDD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), and panic disorder (PD) severity relations. METHODS Participants (n = 3294) partook in the 18-year Midlife Development in the United States (MIDUS) study at three time-points. We conducted structural equation modeling analyses to test how maternal and paternal childhood abuse at Time 1 would independently positively predict MDD, GAD, and PD severity at Time 3, and if self-acceptance at Time 2 mediated those relations while controlling for adulthood MDD, GAD, and PD severity at Time 1. RESULTS Self-acceptance notably mediated the parental childhood abuse-adulthood MDD, GAD, and PD relations. Overall, higher paternal and maternal childhood abuse was associated with lower self-acceptance. Reduced self-acceptance predicted heightened adulthood MDD, GAD, and PD. CONCLUSION Findings highlight the importance of understanding the parental childhood abuse-adulthood psychopathology relation and the possible mechanisms of its long-term impact.
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Park J, Shin N. Influence of the Clinical Nurse's Self-Acceptance and Experiential Acceptance on Leadership Versatility. SAGE Open Nurs 2023; 9:23779608231175329. [PMID: 37273550 PMCID: PMC10233577 DOI: 10.1177/23779608231175329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study identifies how the self-acceptance and experiential acceptance of nurses working in hospitals influences leadership versatility to utilize the information as basic data for developing strategies for improving nursing quality through effective manpower management. Objective This study aims to identify the relationships of nurses' self-acceptance, experiential acceptance, and leadership versatility and verify the influence of experiential acceptance and self-acceptance on leadership versatility. Methods This study used a descriptive design. The convenience subjects were 100 nurses at the one territory hospital in Korea. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regressions. Results There were significant positive correlations between self-acceptance and leadership versatility (r = .39, p < .001). Among predictors, self-acceptance had statistically significant influences on leadership versatility (β = 0.35, p < .001). Self-acceptance indicated an explanation power of 24.0% of the total variance and was shown to be statistically significant (F = 6.89, p < .001). Conclusions Self-acceptance and experiential acceptance and factors according to nurses' clinical experience and position should be identified in depth, and subsequent studies on factors related to this should be conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jummi Park
- Department of Nursing, Namseoul University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Nayeon Shin
- CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Gyeonggido, Republic of Korea
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17
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Wu N, Ding F, Zhang R, Cai Y, Zhang H. The Relationship between Perceived Social Support and Life Satisfaction: The Chain Mediating Effect of Resilience and Depression among Chinese Medical Staff. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16646. [PMID: 36554524 PMCID: PMC9778748 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Medical staff are direct providers of medical services and a key element in the development of health services, and their life satisfaction is important to both their work satisfaction and their patients' satisfaction, subsequently influencing the quality of medical care in general. This cross-sectional study aimed to explore the mechanisms underlying the influence of perceived social support on medical staff's life satisfaction. Convenience sampling was used to recruit participants from two non-tertiary hospitals in Shaoguan City, Guandong Province, China. A total of 533 medical staff completed the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, the Satisfaction with Life Scale, the Connor and Davidson Resilience Scale, and the depression subscale of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales (DASS-21). The results showed that perceived social support could influence medical staff's life satisfaction not only through the separate effects of resilience and depression, but also through the chain mediation effect of resilience and depression. This study suggests that reducing the depressive symptoms of medical staff and improving their perceived social support as well as resilience could help to enhance their life satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Wu
- Mental Health Education and Counseling Center, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan 512005, China
| | - Fan Ding
- School of Intelligence Engineering, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan 512005, China
| | - Ronghua Zhang
- Institute of Developmental and Educational Psychology, School of Marxism, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yaoyao Cai
- Mental Health Education and Counseling Center, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan 512005, China
| | - Hongfei Zhang
- Mental Health Education and Counseling Center, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan 512005, China
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18
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Hong L, Lai X, Xu D, Zhang W, Wu B, Yu X, Zhao K, Zhang G. Distinct patterns of problematic smartphone use and related factors in Chinese college students. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:747. [PMID: 36451113 PMCID: PMC9710163 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-04395-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to categorize different subgroups of problematic smartphone use in Chinese college students. Differences in gender and psychosocial characteristics of the categorized groups were also examined. METHODS A total of 1123 participants completed the Mobile Phone Addiction Index Scale, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, the Perceived Social Support Scale, and the Perceived Stress Scale. Using latent profile analysis, we identified different subgroups of problematic smartphone use in college students. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was implemented to examine the relationship between latent classes and demographic and psychosocial covariates. RESULTS The four following latent classes were identified: a low-risk group, a moderate-risk with no evasiveness group, a moderate-risk with evasiveness group, and high-risk group that accounted for 11%, 24.1%, 35.5%, and 29.4% of the total sample, respectively. Further analysis revealed that female participants were more likely to be in the moderate-risk with evasiveness and high-risk groups, and individuals with depressed mood were more likely to be in the moderate-risk and high-risk groups. CONCLUSIONS Classifying college students according to the features of problematic smartphone use is potentially useful for understanding risk factors and developing targeted prevention and intervention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Hong
- The Third Hospital of QuZhou, Quzhou, 324000 China ,grid.268099.c0000 0001 0348 3990School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035 China
| | - Xinyi Lai
- grid.268099.c0000 0001 0348 3990School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035 China
| | - Dongwu Xu
- grid.268099.c0000 0001 0348 3990School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035 China
| | - Wei Zhang
- grid.268099.c0000 0001 0348 3990School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035 China
| | - Bichang Wu
- grid.268099.c0000 0001 0348 3990School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035 China
| | - Xin Yu
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
| | - Ke Zhao
- Lishui Second People's Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, China.
| | - Guohua Zhang
- The Affiliated Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China. .,Institute Of Aging, Key Laboratory Of Alzheimer's Disease Of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
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19
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Wang Q, Gong L, Huang H, Wang Y, Xu T, Dong X. Psychological resilience and related influencing factors in patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder in remission: A cross-sectional study. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs 2022; 30:492-500. [PMID: 36403213 DOI: 10.1111/jpm.12884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT?: Recurrence is common in patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD). Psychological resilience has been shown to be a protective factor against recurrence of depression. It has important clinical nursing significance to analyse the influencing factors of psychological resilience in major depressive disorder in remission (MDDR) patients. WHAT THE PAPER ADDS TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE?: There are few previous studies on the influencing factors of psychological resilience in patients diagnosed with MDDR. We found the education levels, personal monthly income, social support, well-being and self-efficacy were influencing factors of psychological resilience in patients diagnosed with MDDR. WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE?: According to the factors affecting the psychological resilience of patients diagnosed with MDDR, targeted clinical nursing is helpful to prevent the recurrence of depression. Nurses should strengthen the nursing of patients with <12 years of education, and patients with personal monthly income less than 5000 RMB. In addition, nurses should cultivate patients' awareness of social support and identity, cultivate their ability to strive for social support, cultivate interpersonal skills and positive emotional experience to improve subjective well-being and carry out self-efficacy training to improve psychological resilience by enhancing patients' internal protective factors. ABSTRACT AIM: Psychological resilience is closely related to recurrence of depression. There are few previous studies on the influencing factors of psychological resilience in patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder in remission (MDDR). Here, we investigated the current status of resilience in patients diagnosed with MDDR and its influencing factors. METHODS A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from June 2019 to April 2021. One hundred and forty-two patients diagnosed with MDDR were recruited from the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology of the General Hospital of Northern Theater Command. Demographic information, social support, well-being, self-efficacy and psychological resilience were collected using self-reported questionnaires. RESULTS The psychological resilience of MDDR patients was lower than that of the healthy Chinese adults in China. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that education, personal monthly income, social support, well-being and self-efficacy were associated with psychological resilience. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis further confirmed that social support, well-being and self-efficacy were associated with psychological resilience. CONCLUSION The psychological resilience of MDDR patients was lower than that of the general population in China. The education levels, personal monthly income, social support, well-being and self-efficacy were influencing factors of psychological resilience. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE According to the factors affecting the psychological resilience of patients diagnosed with MDDR, targeted clinical nursing is helpful to prevent the recurrence of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Lili Gong
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Hongfei Huang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Yitong Wang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Tianchao Xu
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaomei Dong
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
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20
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Déli É, Peters JF, Kisvárday Z. How the Brain Becomes the Mind: Can Thermodynamics Explain the Emergence and Nature of Emotions? ENTROPY (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 24:1498. [PMID: 37420518 DOI: 10.3390/e24101498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
The neural systems' electric activities are fundamental for the phenomenology of consciousness. Sensory perception triggers an information/energy exchange with the environment, but the brain's recurrent activations maintain a resting state with constant parameters. Therefore, perception forms a closed thermodynamic cycle. In physics, the Carnot engine is an ideal thermodynamic cycle that converts heat from a hot reservoir into work, or inversely, requires work to transfer heat from a low- to a high-temperature reservoir (the reversed Carnot cycle). We analyze the high entropy brain by the endothermic reversed Carnot cycle. Its irreversible activations provide temporal directionality for future orientation. A flexible transfer between neural states inspires openness and creativity. In contrast, the low entropy resting state parallels reversible activations, which impose past focus via repetitive thinking, remorse, and regret. The exothermic Carnot cycle degrades mental energy. Therefore, the brain's energy/information balance formulates motivation, sensed as position or negative emotions. Our work provides an analytical perspective of positive and negative emotions and spontaneous behavior from the free energy principle. Furthermore, electrical activities, thoughts, and beliefs lend themselves to a temporal organization, an orthogonal condition to physical systems. Here, we suggest that an experimental validation of the thermodynamic origin of emotions might inspire better treatment options for mental diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éva Déli
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - James F Peters
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Department of Mathematics, Adiyaman University, Adiyaman 02040, Turkey
| | - Zoltán Kisvárday
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- ELKH Neuroscience Research Group, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
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21
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Li P, Yang J, Zhou Z, Zhao Z, Liu T. The influence of college students' academic stressors on mental health during COVID-19: The mediating effect of social support, social well-being, and self-identity. Front Public Health 2022; 10:917581. [PMID: 36249242 PMCID: PMC9558906 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.917581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 caused harmful mental consequences to the public, and mental health problems were very common among college students during the outbreak of COVID-19. Academic stressors were the main stress for college students, and social support, social well-being, and self-identity were widely known as protective factors for mental health. Therefore, the study aimed to investigate the influence of academic stressors on mental health and the mediating effect of social support, social well-being, and self-identity among college students during the outbreak of COVID-19. With 900 college students as subjects, using the college students' academic stressors questionnaire, social support questionnaire, social well-being scale, self-identity scale, and depression anxiety stress scales (DASS-21), the results showed that: (1) academic stressors had a significantly negative correlation with social support, social well-being, and self-identity while having a significantly positive correlation with mental health; (2) academic stressors could positively predict mental health; (3) this effect was mediated by social support, social well-being, and self-identity; (4) work stressor was an important stressor during COVID-19, and had the same role as academic stressors in the structural equation model. The results of this study suggested that adjusting the academic stressors or work stressors of college students and enhancing social support could improve social well-being and self-identity, and might effectively protect their mental health under the COVID-19 pandemic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Li
- Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China,Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiaqi Yang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment Toward Basic Education Quality, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhao Zhou
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zijing Zhao
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
| | - Tour Liu
- Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China,Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China,Tianjin Social Science Laboratory of Students' Mental Development and Learning, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China,*Correspondence: Tour Liu
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22
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Hofhansel L, Weidler C, Clemens B, Habel U, Votinov M. Personal insult disrupts regulatory brain networks in violent offenders. Cereb Cortex 2022; 33:4654-4664. [PMID: 36124828 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The failure to adequately regulate negative emotions represents a prominent characteristic of violent offenders. In this functional magnetic resonance imaging study, we used technical, nonsocial frustration to elicit anger in violent offenders (n = 19) and then increased the provocation by adding personal insults (social provocation). The aim was to investigate neural connectivity patterns involved in anger processing, to detect the effect of increasing provocation by personal insult, and to compare anger-related connectivity patterns between offenders and noncriminal controls (n = 12). During technical frustration, the offenders showed increased neural connectivity between the amygdala and prefrontal cortex compared to the controls. Conversely, personal insults, and thus increased levels of provocation, resulted in a significant reduction of neural connectivity between regions involved in cognitive control in the offenders but not controls. We conclude that, when (nonsocially) frustrated, offenders were able to employ regulatory brain networks by displaying stronger connectivity between regulatory prefrontal and limbic regions than noncriminal controls. In addition, offenders seemed particularly sensitive to personal insults, which led to increased implicit aggression (by means of motoric responses) and reduced connectivity in networks involved in cognitive control (including dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, precuneus, middle/superior temporal regions).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Hofhansel
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.,Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-10), Research Center Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Strase 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Carmen Weidler
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Benjamin Clemens
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Ute Habel
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.,Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-10), Research Center Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Strase 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Mikhail Votinov
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.,Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-10), Research Center Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Strase 52428 Jülich, Germany
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23
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Xiao S, Shi L, Dong F, Zheng X, Xue Y, Zhang J, Xue B, Lin H, Ouyang P, Zhang C. The impact of chronic diseases on psychological distress among the older adults: the mediating and moderating role of activities of daily living and perceived social support. Aging Ment Health 2022; 26:1798-1804. [PMID: 34238092 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2021.1947965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Previous literature has shown that chronic diseases and psychological distress are correlated. However, the mediating and moderating mechanisms underlying this relationship have not been sufficiently studied. The purpose of this study was to explore the role played by activities of daily living (ADL) and perceived social support. METHOD Face-to-face questionnaire-based surveys were conducted with 3250 valid participants (age ≥60 years). Participants were assessed using the Barthel Index, Perceived Social Support Scale, and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21. RESULTS 1) Chronic diseases had a significant direct effect on psychological distress in older adults; 2) the relationship between chronic diseases and psychological distress was partially mediated by ADL; and 3) the impact of chronic diseases on psychological distress was significantly moderated by perceived social support. More importantly, perceived social support was a protective factor that could effectively alleviate the adverse effects of chronic diseases on psychological distress. CONCLUSION The results add to the existing literature by uncovering the underlying mechanisms between chronic diseases and mental health. These findings have implications for early intervention and prevention of mental health problems in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujuan Xiao
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lei Shi
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fang Dong
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao Zheng
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yaqing Xue
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiachi Zhang
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Benli Xue
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huang Lin
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ping Ouyang
- Department of Health Management, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chichen Zhang
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Health Management, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Institute of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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24
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Zhao L, Sun Q, Guo Y, Yan R, Lv Y. Mediation effect of perceived social support and resilience between physical disability and depression in acute stroke patients in China: A cross-sectional survey. J Affect Disord 2022; 308:155-159. [PMID: 35429523 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical disability is a cause of depression among acute stroke patients. Although previous studies have shown that physical disability, perceived social support, mental resilience, and post-stroke depression are significantly related, the interaction mechanism remains unclear. METHODS Convenience sampling was used to recruit participants from a tertiary hospital in Daqing City, Heilongjiang Province, China from October 2020 to May 2021. Participants completed the Barthel Index Rating Scale, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale and Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale. We used the PROCESS macro for SPSS to determine the mediating effect of perceived social support and resilience between disability and depression. RESULT A total of 259 acute stroke patients participated in this study and completed the questionnaire survey. Stroke patients' BI scores was positively correlated with perceived social support (r = 0.26, P < 0.01) and resilience (r = 0.25, P < 0.01), and negatively correlated with depression (r = -0.47, P < 0.01). Perceived social support was positively correlated with resilience (r = 0.55, P < 0.01) and negatively correlated with depression (r = -0.41, P < 0.01). Resilience was negatively correlated with depression (r = -0.43, P < 0.01). Perceived social support and resilience played a mediating role of 10.27% and 5.74% of the total effects of disability and post-stroke depression, respectively. Meanwhile, the chain mediating effect of perceived social support and resilience (7%) was also significant. LIMITATIONS The cross-sectional study design limited the inference of causal relationships between variables. This study used convenience sampling to select research participants from a single hospital, they were all acute stroke patients from the same region of China. Participants in our study were in high BI status, and thirty of them had a low level of education, which may contribute to the possibility of selection bias. Meanwhile, the low level of education and the poor eye-sight of old people prevents them from completing the questionnaire by themselves. So we collected data in the form of "researcher reading questionnaire items and recording participant responses" for the majority of participants (257 subjects), and only 2 participants completed it independently. Furthermore, the findings of this study may not apply to stroke survivors from other backgrounds. CONCLUSION This study found that disability can directly predict post-stroke depression, and indirectly predict post-stroke depression through the mediating effect of perceived social support and resilience, and the chain mediating effect of perceived social support-resilience. Therefore, reducing the degree of disability of acute stroke patients and improving their perceived social support and resilience may help prevent post-stroke depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Zhao
- Harbin Medical University School of Nursing, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Qiuxue Sun
- Harbin Medical University School of Nursing, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Yucheng Guo
- Harbin Medical University School of Nursing, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Rui Yan
- Harbin Medical University School of Nursing, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Yumei Lv
- Harbin Medical University School of Nursing, Harbin 150081, China.
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Wu Z, Wang X, Zhang S, Ding N, Zhang G, Zhao C, Xu H, Lai X, Tu X, Yang X. Do Attitudes, Mental Health Status, and Interpersonal Factors Predict COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy at the Early Phase of the Pandemic? A Longitudinal Study in Chinese College Students. Front Psychol 2022; 13:876116. [PMID: 35664204 PMCID: PMC9161085 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.876116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The present study examined whether and how attitudes toward the COVID-19 vaccine (i.e., safety, efficacy, and price), mental health statuses (i.e., perceived stress and depression), and interpersonal factors (i.e., online social support, perceived social support) would predict COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Patients and methods The two-wave longitudinal surveys were conducted in December 2019 and 2020 in Chinese medical college students (N = 194). Well- validated measures were used, including the Perceived Stress Scale, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, the Online Social Support Questionnaire, and the Perceived Social Support Scale. Perceived safety, efficacy, price of COVID-19 vaccine, vaccine hesitancy, and actual intake were also measured. Results Only 2.1% of participants had been vaccinated against COVID-19 in the early stages of the pandemic; 13.4% intended to get vaccinated in the next 3 months, and 66% intended to have it in the next 12 months upon follow-up. Multiple regression analyses revealed that perceived stress (βm = -0.15, p < 0.05) and depression (βm = -0.15, p < 0.05) were risk factors for positive attitudes toward the COVID-19 vaccine; online social support (ORm = 1.41, p < 0.01) and positive attitudes toward the COVID-19 vaccine (ORm = 1.83, p < 0.01) were protective factors of intention to get vaccinated in future. Conclusion Findings suggest that intervention efforts should be made to reduce negative attitudes toward the COVID-19 vaccine among people with poor mental health and enhance online social support to promote COVID-19 vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Wu
- School of Educational Science, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Centre for Health Behaviours Research, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Sha Zhang
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Nani Ding
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Guohua Zhang
- The Affiliated Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chengjia Zhao
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Huihui Xu
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xinyi Lai
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaolian Tu
- Renji College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Centre for Health Behaviours Research, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Duru YB, Gunal V, Agaoglu CY, Tatlı C. The role of covid‐19 anxiety and intolerance of uncertainty in predicting resilience. Scand J Psychol 2022; 63:522-529. [PMID: 35398920 PMCID: PMC9115403 DOI: 10.1111/sjop.12820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Resilience is one of the protective factors for mental health. The aim of this study is to reveal the role of COVID‐19 anxiety and intolerance of uncertainty in predicting resilience in adulthood. To this end, data were collected from 533 adults (359 women‐174 men). A hierarchical regression analysis was performed, controlling for the effects of gender and presence of a chronic disease on the prediction of resilience. Results showed that intolerance of uncertainty and COVID‐19 anxiety were statistically significant predictors of resilience. Gender and presence of a chronic disease were not statistically significant in predicting resilience. These results indicate that intolerance of uncertainty plays an important role in explaining resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yagmur Benian Duru
- Ministry of Education, School Counselor Master Student in Hasan Kalyoncu University Gaziantep Turkey
| | - Vuslat Gunal
- Master Student in Hasan Kalyoncu University Gaziantep Turkey
| | - Ceyda Yalcin Agaoglu
- Ministry of Education School Counselor, PhD Student in Hasan Kalyoncu University Kahramanmaras Turkey
| | - Cemre Tatlı
- Faculty of Education Hasan Kalyoncu University Gaziantep Turkey
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Dong X, Yang S, Guo Y, Lv P, Liu Y. Exploring Psychoneurological Symptom Clusters in Acute Stroke Patients: A Latent Class Analysis. J Pain Res 2022; 15:789-799. [PMID: 35386423 PMCID: PMC8977864 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s350727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To identify latent classes of acute stroke patients with distinct experiences with the symptom clusters of depression, anxiety, fatigue, sleep disturbance, and pain symptoms and assess, if the selected variables determine a symptom-cluster experience in acute stroke patients. Participants and Methods A sample of 690 participants were collected from July 2020 to December 2020 in a cross-sectional descriptive study. Latent class analysis was conducted to distinguish different clusters of acute stroke participants who experienced five patient-reported symptoms. Furthermore, multinomial logistic regression was selected to verify the influencing indicators of each subgroup, with selected socio-demographic variables, clinical characteristics, self-efficacy, and perceived social support as independent variables and the different latent classes as the dependent variable. Results Three latent classes, named “all high symptom,” “high psychological disorder,” and “all low symptom,” were identified, accounting for 9.6%, 26.3%, and 64.1% of symptom clusters, respectively. Patients in the “all high symptom” and “high psychological disorder” classes reported significantly lower quality of life (F=40.21, p <0.05). Female gender, younger age, higher National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores, and lower self-efficacy and perceived social support were risk factors associated with the “high psychological disorder” class. Younger patients with lower self-efficacy and perceived social support were more likely to be in the “all high symptom” class. Conclusion This study identified latent classes of acute stroke patients that can be used in predicting symptom-cluster experiences following a stroke. Also, the ability to characterize subgroups of patients with distinct symptom experiences helps identify high-risk patients. Focusing on symptom clusters in clinical practice can inspire us to create effective targeted interventions for subgroups of stroke patients suffering from the same symptom cluster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Dong
- Neurology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sen Yang
- Orthopedics Department, The Seventh People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanli Guo
- Neurology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peihua Lv
- Neurology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanjin Liu
- Neurology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Yanjin Liu, Neurology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Eastern Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13523548732, Email ;
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Afiyah RK, Umbul Wahyuni C, Prasetyo B, Qomaruddin MB, Yunita Sari R, Faizah I, Rusdianingseh R, Nisa F, Rahman FS. Self-acceptance Affects Attitudes in Caring for Sexual Function after Hysterectomy. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2021.7568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: A comprehensive understanding of several approaches, both pharmacological and non-pharmacological, is needed to reduce sexual function problems after hysterectomy. As one example, the research of Rawland et al. (2015) and that study found that cognitive, affective, motivational, behavioral, self-efficacy, and sexual acceptance responses could potentially play an important roles in the assessment of appropriate care. However, in general, there is no research that explains that self-acceptance can affect attitudes.
AIM: This study aims to analyze the correlation between self-acceptance with attitudes toward caring for sexual function after hysterectomy.
METHODS: The data measured were self-acceptance and attitudes toward treatment of sexual function after hysterectomy which was obtained from post-hysterectomy women. Data on self-acceptance using the Self-acceptance – Scale for Persons with Early Blindness (SAS-EB) questionnaire and data on attitudes toward caring for sexual function were made by researchers using references from the theory planned of behavior (TPB) (Alshawish et al., 2020). Statistical analysis used was Chi-square to analyze self-acceptance with attitudes to caring for sexual function after hysterectomy.
RESULTS: This study found the importance of self-acceptance in determining attitudes toward caring for sexual function after hysterectomy. A person’s positive attitude will affect behavior to treat sexual function after hysterectomy.
CONCLUSION: In general, this study proves that self-acceptance is related to attitudes to caring for sexual function after hysterectomy.
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Zhao C, Ding N, Yang X, Xu H, Lai X, Tu X, Lv Y, Xu D, Zhang G. Longitudinal Effects of Stressful Life Events on Problematic Smartphone Use and the Mediating Roles of Mental Health Problems in Chinese Undergraduate Students. Front Public Health 2021; 9:752210. [PMID: 34926377 PMCID: PMC8678111 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.752210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims: This three-wave longitudinal study investigated the effects of stressful life events on problematic smartphone use and the mediating roles of mental health problems (i.e., depressive symptoms, poor sleep quality, and suicidal ideation) in Chinese undergraduate students. Methods: A total of 197 undergraduate students completed the three-wave surveys. Their severity of stressful life events, mental health problems, and problematic smartphone use were assessed. Results: Regression analyses revealed that stressful life events at T1 was significantly associated with problematic smartphone use at T3. Mediation analyses showed that mental health problems (i.e., depressive symptoms, poor sleep quality, and suicidal ideation) at T2 fully mediated the association between stressful life events at T1 and problematic smartphone use at T3 (B = 0.042, 0.034, and 0.022, respectively). Conclusions: The present study revealed that stressful life events and mental health problems (i.e., depressive symptoms, poor sleep quality, and suicidal ideation) are predictors of problematic smartphone use in Chinese college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengjia Zhao
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Nani Ding
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Center for Health Behaviours Research, Faculty of Medicine, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Huihui Xu
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xinyi Lai
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaolian Tu
- Renji College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yijun Lv
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Dongwu Xu
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Guohua Zhang
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- The Affiliated Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang (P)rovince, Institute of Aging, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Lampalzer U, Tozdan S, von Franqué F, Briken P. Acceptance of Sexual Interest in Minors in Self-Referred Individuals Under Treatment - An Exploratory Pilot Study. Front Psychol 2021; 12:606797. [PMID: 34803786 PMCID: PMC8600182 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.606797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Some therapists/scientists argue that “acceptance” of sexual interest in minors (SIM), i.e., the integration of the sexual preference into the individual self-concept, is a prerequisite for dealing with SIM in a responsible way. However, if one assumes that – even in some persons – SIM might change over time, “acceptance” could also run counter to therapeutic targets because the motivation to change as well as the specific self-efficacy for modifying SIM might be reduced. This exploratory pilot study analyzes the relationship between acceptance of SIM and (1) dynamic risk for contact sexual reoffending, (2) SIM and frequency of the use of child/adolescent (sexual abuse) imagery, (3) frequency of sexual desire/behavior toward children/adolescents, and (4) the change of the level of acceptance of SIM during the course of treatment. The majority of the participants (N = 79) was not exclusively interested in children (85%) and used child pornography but did not commit child sexual abuse (54%). Acceptance of SIM, frequency of the use of child/adolescent (sexual abuse) imagery and frequency of sexual desire/behavior toward children/adolescents are assessed via self-report questionnaires, dynamic risk for contact sexual reoffending is measured by STABLE-2007. Pretreatment data are analyzed via Spearman’s correlation (N = 79). Intragroup analysis compares acceptance of SIM from pre- and posttreatment (n = 35). There was no correlation between acceptance of SIM and dynamic risk for contact sexual reoffending. However, there was a medium, positive correlation between acceptance of SIM and the frequency of the use of legal imagery of children, a positive correlation between the item “My inclination is an integral part of my personality” and the frequency of the use of legal imagery of children, and a positive correlation between acceptance of SIM and the frequency of sexual activities with minors. Acceptance of SIM did not change during the course of treatment. The results suggest that “acceptance” of SIM has to be discussed in a differentiated way, i.e., as possibly being associated with positive and negative outcomes as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ute Lampalzer
- Institute for Sex Research, Sexual Medicine and Forensic Psychiatry, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Safiye Tozdan
- Institute for Sex Research, Sexual Medicine and Forensic Psychiatry, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Fritjof von Franqué
- Institute for Sex Research, Sexual Medicine and Forensic Psychiatry, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Peer Briken
- Institute for Sex Research, Sexual Medicine and Forensic Psychiatry, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Hou T, Yin Q, Xu Y, Gao J, Bin L, Li H, Cai W, Liu Y, Dong W, Deng G, Ni C. The Mediating Role of Perceived Social Support Between Resilience and Anxiety 1 Year After the COVID-19 Pandemic: Disparity Between High-Risk and Low-Risk Nurses in China. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:666789. [PMID: 34108897 PMCID: PMC8180566 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.666789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: One year after the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, China has made substantial progress in the prevention and control of the pandemic, while the epidemic situation remains grim in China since virus may easily survive with the falling temperature in winter. The present study aimed to compare the prevalence and associated factors of anxiety between high-risk and low-risk nurses 1 year after the COVID-19 outbreak, and examine the association between resilience and anxiety and its underlying mechanisms. Method: Connor-Davidson Resilience scale, Perceived Social Support Scale and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale were administrated to 701 nurses from Jiangsu Province, China, 1 year after the COVID-19 outbreak. The mediating effect was examined by Mackinnon's four-step procedure, while the moderated mediation model was tested by Hayes PROCESS macro. Results: The findings presented the prevalence of anxiety among nurses was 21.4% 1 year after the COVID-19 pandemic. High-risk nurses presented a higher prevalence of anxiety (24.5 vs. 19.3%) than low-risk nurses. Age and professional title were significantly associated with anxiety only in high-risk nurses (all P < 0.05). Perceived social support mediated the association between resilience and anxiety and the indirect effect was stronger for high-risk nurses than low-risk nurses. Conclusion: Anxiety remains prevalent among nurses 1 year after the COVID-19 outbreak, and resilience plays a protective role against anxiety. Programs that enhance resilience and social support should be designed and special attention should be paid to nurses from high-risk units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianya Hou
- Faculty of Psychology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianlan Yin
- Faculty of Psychology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Xu
- The Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jia Gao
- Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changshu, China
| | - Lian Bin
- The Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Huifen Li
- The Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wenpeng Cai
- Faculty of Psychology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Faculty of Psychology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Dong
- Faculty of Psychology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Psychology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guanghui Deng
- Faculty of Psychology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunyan Ni
- The Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
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32
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Zhao C, Xu H, Lai X, Yang X, Tu X, Ding N, Lv Y, Zhang G. Effects of Online Social Support and Perceived Social Support on the Relationship Between Perceived Stress and Problematic Smartphone Usage Among Chinese Undergraduates. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2021; 14:529-539. [PMID: 33976576 PMCID: PMC8106527 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s302551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Recent research has identified a relationship between perceived stress and problematic smartphone usage. However, little is known about the underlying mediating and moderating mechanisms. The present study aimed to test the relationship between perceived stress and problematic smartphone usage as well as the mediating role of online social support and the moderating role of perceived social support among Chinese undergraduates. PATIENTS AND METHODS A sample of 1123 college students participated in the study. The Perceived Stress Scale, Mobile Phone Addiction Index Scale, Online Social Support Questionnaire, and Perceived Social Support Scale were used. RESULTS Perceived stress was significantly and positively associated with problematic smartphone usage, and online social support partially mediated the relationship between perceived stress and problematic smartphone usage. Moderated mediation analysis suggested that perceived social support moderated the association between perceived stress and online social support. This relationship became stronger for college students with lower levels of perceived social support. CONCLUSION The results of this study can contribute to a better understanding of how perceived stress increases the risk of problematic smartphone usage. The importance of reducing online social support and enhancing perceived social support in preventing undergraduates' problematic smartphone usage is highlighted. The findings should be taken with caution given the convenience sampling and cross-sectional study design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengjia Zhao
- Department of Psychology, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huihui Xu
- Department of Psychology, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinyi Lai
- Department of Psychology, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue Yang
- Center for Health Behaviours Research, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaolian Tu
- School of Renji, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Nani Ding
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yijun Lv
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guohua Zhang
- Department of Psychology, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, People’s Republic of China
- The Affiliated Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325007, People’s Republic of China
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Yao D, Lyu J, Ma Z, Champ M, Xiong Q, Li M, Li W, Mu H, Hu Y, Gao W, Jia D. Influencing Factors of Psychological Well-Being of the Non-designated Hospital Staff in China During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:591026. [PMID: 33613337 PMCID: PMC7889587 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.591026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Recent studies report that hospital staff at the forefront of caring for COVID-19 patients experience increased psychological distress. To effectively manage the outbreak of COVID-19, China established COVID-19 designated and non-designated hospitals. To date, few studies have examined the impacts of COVID-19 on psychological health of staff working at non-designated hospitals. This study is to explore factors affecting psychological health of non-designated hospital staff in China during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Data were collected through an online questionnaire between February and March 2020. The questionnaire consists of General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-20), Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS), Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ), sociodemographic characteristics, employment history, health status, and contact history of COVID-19. The questionnaire was distributed through hospital WeChat groups and work colleague referrals. A total of 470 non-designated hospital staff members completed the questionnaire. Multiple Linear Regression analysis was used to interpret the associations among social support, coping styles, sociodemographic factors, job roles, and psychological status. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21.0. Results: The non-designated hospital staff differed significantly in anxiety and depression subscores of the GHQ-20 by their job roles, levels of social support, and history of mental disorders. Staff with medical job roles, good self-reported health status, no previous mental disorders, adequate social support, and positive coping styles scored lower in GHQ-20 total score, which indicated healthier psychological status. Conclusions: The results indicate that history of mental health disorders, non-medical job roles, and inadequate social support are associated with greater psychological distress. Personalized support should be provided to those who are vulnerable and in need of social and psychological support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Yao
- Center for Cognitive Disorders, Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jihui Lyu
- Center for Cognitive Disorders, Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zongjuan Ma
- Center for Cognitive Disorders, Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Champ
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Qian Xiong
- Centre for Ageing Research (C4AR), Division of Health Research, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Mo Li
- Center for Cognitive Disorders, Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjie Li
- Center for Cognitive Disorders, Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyan Mu
- Center for Cognitive Disorders, Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yueqing Hu
- Center for Cognitive Disorders, Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenchao Gao
- Center for Cognitive Disorders, Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dongmei Jia
- Center for Cognitive Disorders, Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing, China
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Yang F, Jiang Y. Heterogeneous Influences of Social Support on Physical and Mental Health: Evidence from China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E6838. [PMID: 32962140 PMCID: PMC7558190 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Employing a national representative survey (the China Labor-force Dynamics Survey 2016, CLDS2016) data (N = 14246), this paper examines the heterogeneous influences of social support on individual physical and mental health in China. Social support is characterized by four dimensions: emotional support, tangible or instrumental support, interaction or exchange support, and community support. Physical health is measured by self-rated health and body mass index (BMI), while mental health is measured by depression, hopelessness, failure, fear, loneliness, and meaninglessness. The results indicate that different dimensions of social support have heterogeneous effects on individual physical and mental health. Specifically, the correlation between emotional support and individual physical health is not significant, but emotional support is significantly related to some mental health variables. Tangible or instrumental support is significantly related to individual self-rated physical health but not to BMI or mental health. Interaction or exchange support is significantly correlated with individual self-rated health and some mental health variables. In general, there are significant correlations between community support, and individual physical and mental health. The results also suggest that the influences of social support on physical and mental health of individuals at different ages (<60 years and ≥60 years) are heterogeneous. The results of this study provide direction for the dimension selection of social support to promote individual health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Department of Labor and Social Security, School of Public Administration, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yao Jiang
- Department of Accounting, School of Management, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;
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