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Zhang J, Yang H, Sun Y, Yan B, Chen W, Fan D. The potential use of microalgae for nutrient supply and health enhancement in isolated and confined environments. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13418. [PMID: 39073089 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Exploring isolated and confined environments (IACEs), such as deep-sea ecosystems, polar regions, and outer space, presents multiple challenges. Among these challenges, ensuring sustainable food supply over long timescales and maintaining the health of personnel are fundamental issues that must be addressed. Microalgae, as a novel food resource, possess favorable physiological and nutritional characteristics, demonstrating potential as nutritional support in IACEs. In this review, we discuss the potential of microalgae as a nutritional supplement in IACEs from four perspectives. The first section provides a theoretical foundation by reviewing the environmental adaptability and previous studies in IACEs. Subsequently, the typical nutritional components of microalgae and their bioavailability are comprehensively elucidated. And then focus on the impact of these ingredients on health enhancement and elucidate its mechanisms in IACEs. Combining the outstanding stress resistance, rich active ingredients, the potential to alleviate osteoporosis, regulate metabolism, and promote mental well-being, microalgae demonstrate significant value for food applications. Furthermore, the development of novel microalgae biomatrices enhances health safeguards. Nevertheless, the widespread application of microalgae in IACEs still requires extensive studies and more fundamental data, necessitating further exploration into improving bioavailability, high biomass cultivation methods, and enhancing palatability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Huayu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yuying Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Bowen Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Daming Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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Penggalih MHST, Praditya GN, Rizqiansyah CY, Setyawardani A, Purnomo AF, Maulana RA, Gunawan WB, Subali D, Kurniawan R, Mayulu N, Taslim NA, Hardinsyah H, Sutanto YS, Nurkolis F. Marine-derived protein: peptide bioresources for the development of nutraceuticals for improved athletic performance. Front Sports Act Living 2023; 5:1281397. [PMID: 37964773 PMCID: PMC10642366 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2023.1281397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Astuti Setyawardani
- Medical Student of Faculty of Medicine, University of Jember-Soebandi Regional Hospital, Jember, Indonesia
- Internship Doctor, Kanjuruhan General Hospital, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Athaya Febriantyo Purnomo
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Reza Achmad Maulana
- Nutrition Science, Faculty of Public Health, Ahmad Dahlan Univetsity, Yogjakarta, Indonesia
| | - William Ben Gunawan
- Alumnus of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia
| | - Dionysius Subali
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Rudy Kurniawan
- Diabetes Connection Care, Eka Hospital Bumi Serpong Damai, Tangerang, Indonesia
| | - Nelly Mayulu
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Science, Muhammadiyah Manado University, Manado, Indonesia
| | - Nurpudji Astuti Taslim
- Division of Clinical Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Hardinsyah Hardinsyah
- Division of Applied Nutrition, Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Human Ecology, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Yosef Stefan Sutanto
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Prof. R. D. Kandou General Hospital, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, Indonesia
| | - Fahrul Nurkolis
- Department of Biological Sciences, State Islamic University of Sunan Kalijaga (UIN Sunan Kalijaga), Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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Wu JY, Tso R, Teo HS, Haldar S. The utility of algae as sources of high value nutritional ingredients, particularly for alternative/complementary proteins to improve human health. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1277343. [PMID: 37904788 PMCID: PMC10613476 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1277343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
As the global population continues to grow, the demand for dietary protein is rapidly increasing, necessitating the exploration of sustainable and nutritious protein sources. Algae has emerged as a promising food source due to their high value ingredients such as proteins, as well as for their environmental sustainability and abundance. However, knowledge gaps surrounding dietary recommendations and food applications restrict algae's utilization as a viable protein source. This review aims to address these gaps by assessing the suitability of both microalgae and macroalgae as alternative/complementary protein sources and exploring their potential applications in food products. The first section examines the potential suitability of algae as a major food source by analyzing the composition and bioavailability of key components in algal biomass, including proteins, lipids, dietary fiber, and micronutrients. Secondly, the biological effects of algae, particularly their impact on metabolic health are investigated with an emphasis on available clinical evidence. While evidence reveals protective effects of algae on glucose and lipid homeostasis as well as anti-inflammatory properties, further research is required to understand the longer-term impact of consuming algal protein, protein isolates, and concentrates on metabolic health, including protein metabolism. The review then explores the potential of algal proteins in food applications, including ways to overcome their sensory limitations, such as their dark pigmentation, taste, and odor, in order to improve consumer acceptance. To maximize algae's potential as a valuable protein source in the food sector, future research should prioritize the production of more acceptable algal biomass and explore new advances in food sciences and technology for improved consumer acceptance. Overall, this paper supports the potential utility of algae as a sustainable and healthy ingredient source for widespread use in future food production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Yee Wu
- Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rachel Tso
- Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hwee Sze Teo
- Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sumanto Haldar
- Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth, United Kingdom
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Rahman NAA, Cardenas-Lizana F, Sanna A. Lithium–Sodium Fly Ash-Derived Catalyst for the In Situ Partial Deoxygenation of Isochrysis sp. Microalgae Bio-Oil. Catalysts 2023; 13:1122. [DOI: 10.3390/catal13071122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The catalytic potential of Na and LiNa fly ash (FA) obtained through a simple solid-state synthesis was investigated for the pyrolysis of Isochrysis sp. microalgae using a fixed bed reactor at 500 °C. While both LiNa-FA and Na-FA catalysts reduced the bio-oil yield and increased char and gas production, LiNa-FA was found to enhance the quality of the resulting bio-oil by decreasing its oxygen content (−25 wt.%), increasing paraffins and olefins and decreasing its acidity. The deoxygenation activity of LiNa-FA was attributed to the presence of weak and mild base sites, which enabled dehydration, decarboxylation, ketonisation, and cracking to form olefins. The bio-oil generated with LiNa-FA contained higher amounts of alkanes, alkenes, and carbonated esters, indicating its capacity to chemisorb and partially desorb CO2 under the studied conditions. These findings suggest that LiNa-FA catalysts could be a cost-effective alternative to acidic zeolites for in situ deoxygenation of microalgae to biofuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Adilah Abd Rahman
- Institute of Mechanical, Process and Energy Engineering, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH12 7NT, UK
| | - Fernando Cardenas-Lizana
- Institute of Mechanical, Process and Energy Engineering, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH12 7NT, UK
| | - Aimaro Sanna
- Institute of Mechanical, Process and Energy Engineering, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH12 7NT, UK
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Pagnini C, Sampietro G, Santini G, Biondi N, Rodolfi L. Tisochrysis lutea as a Substrate for Lactic Acid Fermentation: Biochemical Composition, Digestibility, and Functional Properties. Foods 2023; 12:foods12061128. [PMID: 36981055 PMCID: PMC10048537 DOI: 10.3390/foods12061128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Microalgae, because of their high nutritional value and bioactive molecule content, are interesting candidates for functional foods, including fermented foods, in which the beneficial effects of probiotic bacteria combine with those of biomolecules lying in microalgal biomass. The aim of this work was to evaluate the potential of Tisochrysis lutea F&M-M36 as a substrate for Lactiplantibacillus plantarum ATCC 8014 and to verify fermentation effects on functionality. Bacterium selection among three lactobacilli was based on growth and resistance to in vitro digestion. Microalgal raw biomass and its digested residue were fermented in two matrixes, water and diluted organic medium, and analysed for biochemical composition and antioxidant activity along with their unfermented counterparts. Bacterial survivability to digestion and raw biomass digestibility after fermentation were also evaluated. Fucoxanthin was strongly reduced (>90%) in post-digestion residue, suggesting high bioavailability. Raw biomass in diluted organic medium gave the highest bacterial growth (8.5 logCFU mL-1) and organic acid production (5 mg L-1), while bacterial survivability to digestion (<3%) did not improve. After fermentation, the antioxidant activity of lipophilic extracts increased (>90%). Fermentation appears an interesting process to obtain T. lutea-based functional foods, although further investigations are needed to optimize bacterial growth and fully evaluate its effects on functionality and organoleptic features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Pagnini
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine 18, 50144 Florence, Italy
| | - Giacomo Sampietro
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine 18, 50144 Florence, Italy
| | - Gaia Santini
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine 18, 50144 Florence, Italy
| | - Natascia Biondi
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine 18, 50144 Florence, Italy
| | - Liliana Rodolfi
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine 18, 50144 Florence, Italy
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Pagels F, Amaro HM, Tavares TG, Amil BF, Guedes AC. Potential of Microalgae Extracts for Food and Feed Supplementation-A Promising Source of Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Compounds. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12111901. [PMID: 36431036 PMCID: PMC9693645 DOI: 10.3390/life12111901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Microalgae are known producers of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds, making them natural alternatives to be used as food and feed functional ingredients. This study aimed to valorise biomass and exploit new applications and commercial value for four commercially available microalgae: Isochrysis galbana, Nannochloropsis sp., Tetraselmis sp., and Phaeodactylum tricornutum. For that, five extracts were obtained: acetone (A), ethanol (E), water (W), ethanol:water (EW). The antioxidant capacity (ABTS•+/DPPH•/•NO/O2•-/ORAC-FL) and anti-inflammatory capacity (HBRC/COX-2) of the extracts were screened. The general biochemical composition (carbohydrates, soluble proteins, and lipids) and the main groups of bioactive compounds (carotenoids, phenolic compounds, and peptides) of extracts were quantified. The results of antioxidant assays revealed the potential of some microalgae extracts: in ABTS•+, Nannochloropsis sp. E and Tetraselmis sp. A, E, and P; in DPPH•, Tetraselmis sp. A and E; in •NO, P. tricornutum E and EW; in O2•-, Tetraselmis sp. W; and in ORAC-FL, I. galbana EW and P. tricornutum EW. Concerning anti-inflammatory capacity, P. tricornutum EW and Tetraselmis sp. W showed a promising HBRC protective effect and COX-2 inhibition. Hence, Tetraselmis sp. and P. tricornutum extracts seem to have potential to be incorporated as feed and food functional ingredients and preservatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Pagels
- CIIMAR—Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Novo Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
- FCUP—Faculty of Science, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Helena M. Amaro
- CIIMAR—Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Novo Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Tânia G. Tavares
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- LAQV/REQUIMTE—Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Berta F. Amil
- CIIMAR—Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Novo Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - A. Catarina Guedes
- CIIMAR—Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Novo Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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Mane S, Kumari P, Singh A, Taneja NK, Chopra R. Amelioration for oxidative stability and bioavailability of N-3 PUFA enriched microalgae oil: an overview. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:2579-2600. [PMID: 36128949 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2124505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Technological improvements in dietary supplements and nutraceuticals have highlighted the significance of bioactive molecules in a healthy lifestyle. Eicosapentaenoic acid and Cervonic acid (DHA), omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids seem to be famed for their ability to prevent diverse physiological abnormalities. Selection of appropriate pretreatments and extraction techniques for extraction of lipids from robust microalgae cell wall are very important to retain their stability and bioactivity. Therefore, extraction techniques with optimized extraction parameters offer an excellent approach for obtaining quality oil with a high yield. Oils enriched in omega-3 are particularly imperiled to oxidation which ultimately affects customer acceptance. Bio active encapsulation could be one of the effective approaches to overcome this dilemma. This review paper aims to give insight into the cultivation methods, and downstream processes, various lipid extraction approaches, techniques for retaining oxidative stability, bioavailability and food applications based on extracted or encapsulated omega-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheetal Mane
- Department of Food Engineering, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management (NIFTEM), Sonipat, Haryana, India
| | - Purnima Kumari
- Department of Food Engineering, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management (NIFTEM), Sonipat, Haryana, India
| | - Anupama Singh
- Department of Food Engineering, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management (NIFTEM), Sonipat, Haryana, India
| | - Neetu Kumra Taneja
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management (NIFTEM), Sonipat, Haryana, India
| | - Rajni Chopra
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management (NIFTEM), Sonipat, Haryana, India
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Pei Y, Lui Y, Cai S, Zhou C, Hong P, Qian ZJ. A Novel Peptide Isolated from Microalgae Isochrysis zhanjiangensis Exhibits Anti-apoptosis and Anti-inflammation in Ox-LDL Induced HUVEC to Improve Atherosclerosis. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2022; 77:181-189. [PMID: 35476173 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-022-00965-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In the early stage, oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) caused atherosclerosis, followed by human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) damage, leading to a variety of cardiovascular related diseases. This study investigated the mechanism of nonapeptide (EMFGTSSET, ETT) isolated from in vitro gastrointestinal digestion of Isochrysis zhanjiang on endothelial cell inflammation and apoptosis induced by ox-LDL in atherosclerosis. At the cellular level, the results shown that ETT inhibited the up-regulation of oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1) induced by ox-LDL. Furthermore, ETT inhibited the fluorescence intensity of ROS, inflammatory factors (interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α) and the expression of cell adhesion molecules (vascular cell adhesion protein 1 and intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1). In addition, it also upregulates nuclear red blood cell 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO -1), p-Akt, and bcl-2 levels. But down-regulated the expression of p-p65, p-IκB-α, p-p38, p-ERK, p-JNK, bax, and cleaved caspase-9/-3 (c-c-9/-3), thereby inhibited ox-LDL induction inflammation and apoptosis of atherosclerosis. Through molecular docking, it was judged that the stable interaction between ETT and LOX-1 and VCAM-1 was maintained through hydrogen bonding. These results can provide a theoretical basis for ETT as a potential substance for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis, and further improve the value of Isochrysis zhanjiangensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Pei
- College of Food Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Environment, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088 and Shenzhen 518114, China
| | - Yi Lui
- College of Food Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Environment, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088 and Shenzhen 518114, China
| | - Shengxuan Cai
- College of Food Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Environment, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088 and Shenzhen 518114, China
| | - Chunxia Zhou
- College of Food Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Environment, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088 and Shenzhen 518114, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhanjiang, 524025, China
| | - Pengzhi Hong
- College of Food Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Environment, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088 and Shenzhen 518114, China.
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhanjiang, 524025, China.
| | - Zhong-Ji Qian
- College of Food Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Environment, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088 and Shenzhen 518114, China.
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhanjiang, 524025, China.
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De Novo Transcriptome of the Flagellate Isochrysis galbana Identifies Genes Involved in the Metabolism of Antiproliferative Metabolites. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11050771. [PMID: 35625500 PMCID: PMC9138222 DOI: 10.3390/biology11050771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Haptophytes are important primary producers in the oceans, and among the phylum Haptophyta, the flagellate Isochrysis galbana has been found to be rich in high-value compounds, such as lipids, carotenoids and highly branched polysaccharides. In the present work, I. galbana was cultured and collected at both stationary and exponential growth phases. A transcriptomic approach was used to analyze the possible activation of metabolic pathways responsible for bioactive compound synthesis at the gene level. Differential expression analysis of samples collected at the exponential versus stationary growth phase allowed the identification of genes involved in the glycerophospholipid metabolic process, the sterol biosynthetic process, ADP-ribose diphosphatase activity and others. I. galbana raw extracts and fractions were tested on specific human cancer cells for possible antiproliferative activity. The most active fractions, without affecting normal cells, were fractions enriched in nucleosides (fraction B) and triglycerides (fraction E) for algae collected in the exponential growth phase and fraction E for stationary phase samples. Overall, transcriptomic and bioactivity data confirmed the activation of metabolic pathways involved in the synthesis of bioactive compounds giving new insights on possible Isochrysis applications in the anticancer sector.
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Perković L, Djedović E, Vujović T, Baković M, Paradžik T, Čož-Rakovac R. Biotechnological Enhancement of Probiotics through Co-Cultivation with Algae: Future or a Trend? Mar Drugs 2022; 20:142. [PMID: 35200671 PMCID: PMC8880515 DOI: 10.3390/md20020142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The diversity of algal species is a rich source of many different bioactive metabolites. The compounds extracted from algal biomass have various beneficial effects on health. Recently, co-culture systems between microalgae and bacteria have emerged as an interesting solution that can reduce the high contamination risk associated with axenic cultures and, consequently, increase biomass yield and synthesis of active compounds. Probiotic microorganisms also have numerous positive effects on various aspects of health and represent potent co-culture partners. Most studies consider algae as prebiotics that serve as enhancers of probiotics performance. However, the extreme diversity of algal organisms and their ability to produce a plethora of metabolites are leading to new experimental designs in which these organisms are cultivated together to derive maximum benefit from their synergistic interactions. The future success of these studies depends on the precise experimental design of these complex systems. In the last decade, the development of high-throughput approaches has enabled a deeper understanding of global changes in response to interspecies interactions. Several studies have shown that the addition of algae, along with probiotics, can influence the microbiota, and improve gut health and overall yield in fish, shrimp, and mussels aquaculture. In the future, such findings can be further explored and implemented for use as dietary supplements for humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucija Perković
- Laboratory for Aquaculture Biotechnology, Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (L.P.); (E.D.); (T.V.); (M.B.); (R.Č.-R.)
| | - Elvis Djedović
- Laboratory for Aquaculture Biotechnology, Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (L.P.); (E.D.); (T.V.); (M.B.); (R.Č.-R.)
| | - Tamara Vujović
- Laboratory for Aquaculture Biotechnology, Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (L.P.); (E.D.); (T.V.); (M.B.); (R.Č.-R.)
| | - Marija Baković
- Laboratory for Aquaculture Biotechnology, Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (L.P.); (E.D.); (T.V.); (M.B.); (R.Č.-R.)
| | - Tina Paradžik
- Laboratory for Aquaculture Biotechnology, Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (L.P.); (E.D.); (T.V.); (M.B.); (R.Č.-R.)
- Center of Excellence for Marine Bioprospecting (BioProCro), Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Rozelindra Čož-Rakovac
- Laboratory for Aquaculture Biotechnology, Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (L.P.); (E.D.); (T.V.); (M.B.); (R.Č.-R.)
- Center of Excellence for Marine Bioprospecting (BioProCro), Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Wan Afifudeen CL, Teh KY, Cha TS. Bioprospecting of microalgae metabolites against cytokine storm syndrome during COVID-19. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:1475-1490. [PMID: 34751914 PMCID: PMC8576090 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06903-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
In viral respiratory infections, disrupted pathophysiological outcomes have been attributed to hyper-activated and unresolved inflammation responses of the immune system. Integration between available drugs and natural therapeutics have reported benefits in relieving inflammation-related physiological outcomes and microalgae may be a feasible source from which to draw from against future coronavirus-infections. Microalgae represent a large and diverse source of chemically functional compounds such as carotenoids and lipids that possess various bioactivities, including anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore in this paper, some implicated pathways causing inflammation in viral respiratory infections are discussed and juxtaposed along with available research done on several microalgal metabolites. Additionally, the therapeutic properties of some known anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and immunomodulating compounds sourced from microalgae are reported for added clarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che Lah Wan Afifudeen
- Satreps-Cosmos Laboratory, Central Laboratory Complex, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu Malaysia
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu Malaysia
| | - Kit Yinn Teh
- Satreps-Cosmos Laboratory, Central Laboratory Complex, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu Malaysia
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu Malaysia
| | - Thye San Cha
- Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu Malaysia
- Satreps-Cosmos Laboratory, Central Laboratory Complex, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu Malaysia
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12
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Demarco M, Oliveira de Moraes J, Matos ÂP, Derner RB, de Farias Neves F, Tribuzi G. Digestibility, bioaccessibility and bioactivity of compounds from algae. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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13
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Villar-Navarro E, Garrido-Pérez C, Perales JA. The potential of different marine microalgae species to recycle nutrients from recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) fish farms and produce feed additives. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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14
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Guarda I, Fonseca I, Pereira H, Martins LL, Gomes R, Matos J, Gomes-Bispo A, Bandarra NM, Afonso C, Cardoso C. Key Constituents and Antioxidant Activity of Novel Functional Foods Developed with Skeletonema Sp. Biomass. JOURNAL OF AQUATIC FOOD PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10498850.2021.1975003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Inês Guarda
- Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Division of Aquaculture and Upgrading (DivAV), Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, IP), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Inês Fonseca
- Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Division of Aquaculture and Upgrading (DivAV), Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, IP), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Hugo Pereira
- Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | | | - Romina Gomes
- Division of Aquaculture and Upgrading (DivAV), Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, IP), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Joana Matos
- Division of Aquaculture and Upgrading (DivAV), Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, IP), Lisbon, Portugal
- Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Gomes-Bispo
- Division of Aquaculture and Upgrading (DivAV), Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, IP), Lisbon, Portugal
- Ciimar, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Narcisa Maria Bandarra
- Division of Aquaculture and Upgrading (DivAV), Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, IP), Lisbon, Portugal
- Ciimar, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Afonso
- Division of Aquaculture and Upgrading (DivAV), Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, IP), Lisbon, Portugal
- Ciimar, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carlos Cardoso
- Division of Aquaculture and Upgrading (DivAV), Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, IP), Lisbon, Portugal
- Ciimar, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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15
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Cardoso C, Matos J, Gomes‐Bispo A, Afonso C, Motta C, Castanheira I, Prates JAM, Bandarra NM. Antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory activities of ethyl acetate extracts of chub mackerel (
Scomber colias
): a thorough seasonal evaluation. Int J Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.15185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Cardoso
- Division of Aquaculture, Upgrading, and Bioprospection (DivAV) Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, IP) Avenida Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6 Algés 1495‐165 Portugal
- CIIMAR Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research University of Porto Rua dos Bragas 289 Porto 4050‐123 Portugal
| | - Joana Matos
- Division of Aquaculture, Upgrading, and Bioprospection (DivAV) Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, IP) Avenida Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6 Algés 1495‐165 Portugal
- Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa Campo Grande, 16 Lisboa 1749‐016 Portugal
| | - Ana Gomes‐Bispo
- Division of Aquaculture, Upgrading, and Bioprospection (DivAV) Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, IP) Avenida Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6 Algés 1495‐165 Portugal
- CIIMAR Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research University of Porto Rua dos Bragas 289 Porto 4050‐123 Portugal
| | - Cláudia Afonso
- Division of Aquaculture, Upgrading, and Bioprospection (DivAV) Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, IP) Avenida Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6 Algés 1495‐165 Portugal
- CIIMAR Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research University of Porto Rua dos Bragas 289 Porto 4050‐123 Portugal
| | - Carla Motta
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge Av. Padre Cruz Lisbon 1600‐560 Portugal
| | - Isabel Castanheira
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge Av. Padre Cruz Lisbon 1600‐560 Portugal
| | - José A. M. Prates
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal (CIISA) Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária Universidade de Lisboa Lisbon 1300‐477 Portugal
| | - Narcisa M. Bandarra
- Division of Aquaculture, Upgrading, and Bioprospection (DivAV) Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, IP) Avenida Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6 Algés 1495‐165 Portugal
- CIIMAR Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research University of Porto Rua dos Bragas 289 Porto 4050‐123 Portugal
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16
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Matos J, Afonso C, Cardoso C, Serralheiro ML, Bandarra NM. Yogurt Enriched with Isochrysis galbana: An Innovative Functional Food. Foods 2021; 10:1458. [PMID: 34202539 PMCID: PMC8306745 DOI: 10.3390/foods10071458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Microalgae are a valuable and innovative emerging source of natural nutrients and bioactive compounds that can be used as functional ingredients in order to increase the nutritional value of foods to improve human health and to prevent disease. The marine microalga Isochrysis galbana has great potential for the food industry as a functional ingredient, given its richness in ω3 long chain-polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs), with high contents of oleic, linoleic, alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), stearidonic, and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids. This study focuses on the formulation of a functional food by the incorporation of 2% (w/w) of I. galbana freeze-dried biomass and 2% (w/w) of I. galbana ethyl acetate lipidic extract in solid natural yogurts preparation. In the functional yogurt enriched with microalgal biomass, the ω3 LC-PUFA's content increased (to 60 mg/100 g w/w), specifically the DHA content (9.6 mg/100 g ww), and the ω3/ω6 ratio (augmented to 0.8). The in vitro digestion study showed a poor bioaccessibility of essential ω3 LC-PUFAs, wherein linoleic acid (18:2 ω6) presented a bioaccessibility inferior to 10% and no DHA or eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) was detected in the bioaccessible fraction of the functional yogurts, thus indicating a low accessibility of lipids during digestion. Notwithstanding, when compared to the original yogurt, an added value novel functional yogurt with DHA and a higher ω3 LC-PUFAs content was obtained. The functional yogurt enriched with I. galbana can be considered important from a nutritional point of view and a suitable source of essential FAs in the human diet. However, this needs further confirmation, entailing additional investigation into bioavailability through in vivo assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Matos
- Division of Aquaculture, Upgrading and Bioprospection (DivAV), Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, I.P.), Avenida Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6, 1495-165 Algés, Portugal; (C.A.); (C.C.); (N.M.B.)
- Faculty of Sciences, BioISI—Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, University of Lisboa, Campo Grande 016, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Cláudia Afonso
- Division of Aquaculture, Upgrading and Bioprospection (DivAV), Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, I.P.), Avenida Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6, 1495-165 Algés, Portugal; (C.A.); (C.C.); (N.M.B.)
- CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal
| | - Carlos Cardoso
- Division of Aquaculture, Upgrading and Bioprospection (DivAV), Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, I.P.), Avenida Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6, 1495-165 Algés, Portugal; (C.A.); (C.C.); (N.M.B.)
- CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria L. Serralheiro
- Faculty of Sciences, BioISI—Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, University of Lisboa, Campo Grande 016, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Narcisa M. Bandarra
- Division of Aquaculture, Upgrading and Bioprospection (DivAV), Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, I.P.), Avenida Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6, 1495-165 Algés, Portugal; (C.A.); (C.C.); (N.M.B.)
- CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal
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17
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Paulo MC, Marques J, Cardoso C, Coutinho J, Gomes R, Gomes-Bispo A, Afonso C, Bandarra NM. The development of a novel functional food: bioactive lipids in yogurts enriched with Aurantiochytrium sp. biomass. Food Funct 2021; 11:9721-9728. [PMID: 33063067 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01884h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Western diets are poor in healthy n3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as docosahexaenoic acid. Since microalga Aurantiochytrium sp. is rich in docosahexaenoic acid, a functional food based on lean yogurt and this microalga was tested. This study entailed characterizing the lipid fraction and determining the fatty acid bioaccessibility. The tested yogurts (control and 2% w/w, Aurantiochytrium sp.) had differences. Docosahexaenoic acid was not detected in the control product, but it was the second most important fatty acid in Aurantiochytrium sp. and Aurantiochytrium yogurt, 29.7 ± 0.4% and 18.7 ± 2.0%, respectively. Based on the fatty acid profile only, an amount of 158.7 g of Aurantiochytrium yogurt in wet weight terms would be required to ensure an appropriate intake of healthy fatty acids. Generally, the fatty acid bioaccessibility was not high, remaining below 60-70% in almost all cases. Considering the docosahexaenoic acid bioaccessibility (44 ± 3%), an amount of 360.7 g of Aurantiochytrium yogurt would be advisable. A reasonable dietary prescription would be a daily consumption of 125 ml of Aurantiochytrium yogurt.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Paulo
- Depsiextracta Tecnologias Biológicas Lda, Zona Industrial do Monte da Barca, lote 62, rua H, Coruche, Portugal
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18
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Chemoplasticity of the polar lipid profile of the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris grown under heterotrophic and autotrophic conditions. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2020.102128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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19
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Ramos-Romero S, Torrella JR, Pagès T, Viscor G, Torres JL. Edible Microalgae and Their Bioactive Compounds in the Prevention and Treatment of Metabolic Alterations. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020563. [PMID: 33572056 PMCID: PMC7916042 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine and freshwater algae and their products are in growing demand worldwide because of their nutritional and functional properties. Microalgae (unicellular algae) will constitute one of the major foods of the future for nutritional and environmental reasons. They are sources of high-quality protein and bioactive molecules with potential application in the modern epidemics of obesity and diabetes. They may also contribute decisively to sustainability through carbon dioxide fixation and minimization of agricultural land use. This paper reviews current knowledge of the effects of consuming edible microalgae on the metabolic alterations known as metabolic syndrome (MS). These microalgae include Chlorella, Spirulina (Arthrospira) and Tetraselmis as well as Isochrysis and Nannochloropsis as candidates for human consumption. Chlorella biomass has shown antioxidant, antidiabetic, immunomodulatory, antihypertensive, and antihyperlipidemic effects in humans and other mammals. The components of microalgae reviewed suggest that they may be effective against MS at two levels: in the early stages, to work against the development of insulin resistance (IR), and later, when pancreatic -cell function is already compromised. The active components at both stages are antioxidant scavengers and anti-inflammatory lipid mediators such as carotenoids and -3 PUFAs (eicosapentaenoic acid/docosahexaenoic acid; EPA/DHA), prebiotic polysaccharides, phenolics, antihypertensive peptides, several pigments such as phycobilins and phycocyanin, and some vitamins, such as folate. As a source of high-quality protein, including an array of bioactive molecules with potential activity against the modern epidemics of obesity and diabetes, microalgae are proposed as excellent foods for the future. Moreover, their incorporation into the human diet would decisively contribute to a more sustainable world because of their roles in carbon dioxide fixation and reducing the use of land for agricultural purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ramos-Romero
- Physiology Section, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain; (J.R.T.); (T.P.); (G.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-934-021-556
| | - Joan Ramon Torrella
- Physiology Section, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain; (J.R.T.); (T.P.); (G.V.)
| | - Teresa Pagès
- Physiology Section, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain; (J.R.T.); (T.P.); (G.V.)
| | - Ginés Viscor
- Physiology Section, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain; (J.R.T.); (T.P.); (G.V.)
| | - Josep Lluís Torres
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain;
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20
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Jovanovic S, Dietrich D, Becker J, Kohlstedt M, Wittmann C. Microbial production of polyunsaturated fatty acids - high-value ingredients for aquafeed, superfoods, and pharmaceuticals. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2021; 69:199-211. [PMID: 33540327 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2021.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), primarily docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), have received worldwide attention in recent years due to an increasing awareness of their uniqueness in improving diet and human health and their apparently inevitable shortage in global availability. Microbial cell factories are a major solution to supplying these precious molecules in sufficient amounts and providing PUFA-rich aquafeed, superfoods, and medical formulations. This review assesses the PUFA world markets and highlights recent advances in upgrading and streamlining microalgae, yeasts, fungi, and bacteria for high-level PUFA production and broadening of the PUFA spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofija Jovanovic
- Institute of Systems Biotechnology, Universität des Saarlandes, Germany
| | - Demian Dietrich
- Institute of Systems Biotechnology, Universität des Saarlandes, Germany
| | - Judith Becker
- Institute of Systems Biotechnology, Universität des Saarlandes, Germany
| | - Michael Kohlstedt
- Institute of Systems Biotechnology, Universität des Saarlandes, Germany
| | - Christoph Wittmann
- Institute of Systems Biotechnology, Universität des Saarlandes, Germany.
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21
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Anti-Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HepG2) Activities of Monoterpene Hydroxy Lactones Isolated from the Marine Microalga Tisochrysis Lutea. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18110567. [PMID: 33227960 PMCID: PMC7699183 DOI: 10.3390/md18110567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tisochrysis lutea is a marine haptophyte rich in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (e.g., docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)) and carotenoids (e.g., fucoxanthin). Because of the nutraceutical applications of these compounds, this microalga is being used in aquaculture to feed oyster and shrimp larvae. In our earlier report, T. lutea organic crude extracts exhibited in vitro cytotoxic activity against human hepatocarcinoma (HepG2) cells. However, so far, the compound(s) accountable for the observed bioactivity have not been identified. Therefore, the aim of this study was to isolate and identify the chemical component(s) responsible for the bioactivity observed. Bioassay-guided fractionation through a combination of silica-gel column chromatography, followed by preparative thin layer chromatography (PTLC), led to the isolation of two diastereomers of a monoterpenoid lactone, namely, loliolide (1) and epi-loliolide (2), isolated for the first time in this species. The structural elucidation of both compounds was carried out by GC-MS and 1D (1H and 13C APT) and 2D (COSY, HMBC, HSQC-ed, and NOESY) NMR analysis. Both compounds significantly reduced the viability of HepG2 cells and were considerably less toxic towards a non-tumoral murine stromal (S17) cell line, although epi-loliolide was found to be more active than loliolide.
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22
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Almutairi AW. Improvement of Chemical Composition of Tisochrysis lutea Grown Mixotrophically under Nitrogen Depletion towards Biodiesel Production. Molecules 2020; 25:E4609. [PMID: 33050388 PMCID: PMC7587180 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25204609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the marine microalga Tisochrysis lutea was cultivated mixotrophically in F2 growth medium with sodium acetate as exogenous carbon source. The medium was composed of different concentrations of nitrogen to determine the impact of nitrogen depletion on cellular growth and chemical composition. Nitrogen depletion led to severely decreased growth and protein content. However, mild nitrogen depletion (0.22 mM NaNO3) led to maximum lipid yield. The fatty acid methyl ester profile also showed increased unsaturation as the nitrogen content decreased. Growth in nitrogen-free medium increased the proportions of mono- and poly-unsaturated fatty acids, while the proportion of saturated fatty acids decreased. Growth under all tested nitrogen levels showed undetectable fatty acids with ≥4 double bonds, indicating these fatty acids had oxidative stability. In addition, all tested nitrogen concentrations led to specific gravity, kinematic viscosity, iodine value, and cetane number that meet the standards for Europe and the U.S.A. However, growth in the presence of nitrogen deficiency enhanced the higher heating value of the resulting biodiesel, a clear advantage from the perspective of energy efficiency. Thus, mixotrophic cultivation of T. lutea with nitrogen limitation provides a promising approach to achieve high lipid productivity and production of high-quality biodiesel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel W Almutairi
- Biological Sciences Department, Rabigh-Faculty of Science & Arts, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 344, Rabigh 21911, Saudi Arabia
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Imbimbo P, D'Elia L, Liberti D, Olivieri G, Monti DM. Towards green extraction methods from microalgae learning from the classics. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:9067-9077. [PMID: 32960292 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10839-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Microalgae started receiving attention as producers of third generation of biofuel, but they are rich in many bioactive compounds. Indeed, they produce many molecules endowed with benefic effects on human health which are highly requested in the market. Thus, it would be important to fractionate algal biomass into its several high-value compounds: this represents the basis of the microalgal biorefinery approach. Usually, conventional extraction methods have been used to extract a single class of molecules, with many side effects on the environment and on human health. The development of a green downstream platform could help in obtaining different class of molecules with high purity along with low environmental impact. This review is focused on technical advances that have been performed, from classic methods to the newest and green ones. Indeed, it is fundamental to set up new procedures that do not affect the biological activity of the extracted molecules. A comparative analysis has been performed among the conventional methods and the new extraction techniques, i.e., switchable solvents and microwave-assisted and compressed fluid extractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Imbimbo
- Department of Chemical Science, University of Naples Federico II, via Cinthia 4, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi D'Elia
- Department of Chemical Science, University of Naples Federico II, via Cinthia 4, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Davide Liberti
- Department of Chemical Science, University of Naples Federico II, via Cinthia 4, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Olivieri
- Bioprocess Engineering Group, Wageningen University and Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6700AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands. .,Department of Chemical, Materials and Industrial Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125, Napoli, Italy.
| | - Daria Maria Monti
- Department of Chemical Science, University of Naples Federico II, via Cinthia 4, 80126, Naples, Italy.
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Advanced Extraction of Lipids with DHA from Isochrysis galbana with Enzymatic Pre-Treatment Combined with Pressurized Liquids and Ultrasound Assisted Extractions. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25143310. [PMID: 32708275 PMCID: PMC7397065 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25143310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Microalgal biomass is a sustainable and valuable source of lipids with omega-3 fatty acids. The efficient extraction of lipids from microalgae requires fast and alternative extraction methods, frequently combined with biomass pre-treatment by different procedures. In this work, Pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) was optimized and compared with traditional lipid extraction methods, Folch and Bligh and Dyer, and with a new Ultrasound Assisted Extraction (UAE) method for lipids from microalgae Isochrysis galbana. To further optimize PLE and UAE, enzymatic pre-treatment of microalga Isochrysis galbana was studied with commercial enzymes Viscozyme and Celluclast. No significant differences were found for lipid yields among different extraction techniques used. However, advanced extraction techniques with or without pre-treatment are a green, fast, and toxic solvent free alternative to traditional techniques. Lipid composition of Isochrysis was determined by HPLC-ELSD and included neutral and polar lipids, showing that each fraction comprised different contents in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). The highest polar lipids content was achieved with UAE (50 °C and 15 min) and PLE (100 °C) techniques. Moreover, the highest omega-3 PUFA (33.2%), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) (3.3%) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (12.0%) contents were achieved with the advanced technique UAE, showing the optimized method as a practical alternative to produce valuable lipids for food and nutraceutical applications.
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25
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A review of high value-added molecules production by microalgae in light of the classification. Biotechnol Adv 2020; 41:107545. [PMID: 32272160 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2020.107545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This work reviews applications of high added value molecules produced from microalgae. Older forms of valorization - health food and quality feed, polyunsaturated fatty acids, pigments, carbohydrates - are currently penetrating their markets. They are driven by desirable properties: texturer and dye for food industry, antioxidant for cosmetics and the appetite of the general public for biosourced compounds. Most recent developments, such as peptides, vitamins, polyphenols, phytosterols and phytohormones, are struggling to meet their market and reach economical competitiveness. Still they are pushed forward by the very powerful driver that is pharmaceutical industry. In addition this work also proposes to link microalgae phyla and related potential applications. This is done through highlighting of which bioactive compounds can be found in which phyla. While some seem to be restricted to aquaculture, Cyanobacteria, Chlorophyta and Rhodophyta show great promises.
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Bernaerts TM, Verstreken H, Dejonghe C, Gheysen L, Foubert I, Grauwet T, Van Loey AM. Cell disruption of Nannochloropsis sp. improves in vitro bioaccessibility of carotenoids and ω3-LC-PUFA. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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27
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Canelli G, Neutsch L, Carpine R, Tevere S, Giuffrida F, Rohfritsch Z, Dionisi F, Bolten CJ, Mathys A. Chlorella vulgaris in a heterotrophic bioprocess: Study of the lipid bioaccessibility and oxidative stability. ALGAL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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He Y, Huang Z, Zhong C, Guo Z, Chen B. Pressurized liquid extraction with ethanol as a green and efficient technology to lipid extraction of Isochrysis biomass. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 293:122049. [PMID: 31484103 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This work was the first time to establish a green pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) process to extract microalgal lipids from Isochrysis biomass. PLE with ethanol exhibited superior lipid extraction performance in comparison to Soxhlet and Folch methods and PLE with n-hexane. To reduce the cost in ethanol utilization, ethanol concentration was optimized and found that PLE with 90% ethanol concentration obtained the highest lipid extraction efficiency (41.5 wt%) and total fatty acids (TFAs) recovery value (92.17 wt%) using Isochrysis sp. biomass. Results about lipid class detected by TLC-FID technique showed that ethanol concentration distinctly affected the content of lipidic class during lipid extraction by PLE. Similarly, the process with 90% ethanol concentration achieved over 90 wt% of TFAs recovery values with three different Isochrysis species. Overall, PLE process mediated with ethanol was a promising approach to extract Isochrysis-derived lipids from sustainable microalgal biomass for food application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjin He
- College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, No.1, Keji Road, Minhou, Fuzhou 350117, China; Department of Engineering, Aarhus University, Gustav WiedsVej 10, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microbiology of Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, No.1, Keji Road, Minhou, Fuzhou 350117, China.
| | - Zicheng Huang
- College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, No.1, Keji Road, Minhou, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Chen Zhong
- College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, No.1, Keji Road, Minhou, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Zheng Guo
- Department of Engineering, Aarhus University, Gustav WiedsVej 10, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Bilian Chen
- College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, No.1, Keji Road, Minhou, Fuzhou 350117, China; Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microbiology of Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, No.1, Keji Road, Minhou, Fuzhou 350117, China
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Zhu C, Han D, Li Y, Zhai X, Chi Z, Zhao Y, Cai H. Cultivation of aquaculture feed Isochrysis zhangjiangensis in low-cost wave driven floating photobioreactor without aeration device. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 293:122018. [PMID: 31476561 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to use floating photobioreactor (PBR) to produce microalgae biomass for aquaculture applications, and this was tested with cultivation of Isochrysis zhangjiangensis. The highest cell density of 16.1 ± 0.61 × 106 cell L-1 was obtained in an outdoor culture with a depth of 5.0 cm in 1.0 m2 floating PBR, but deeper culture resulted in higher biomass productivity. Large-scale cultivation at size of 10 m2 (1000 L) produced the highest cell density of 17.8 × 106 cell L-1 and highest biomass productivity of 0.115 g L-1 d-1, which was at the same level as that for flat-panel PBR (100 L). This developed technique provides an innovative approach to produce microalgae on site for use as fresh aquaculture feed, as well as fresh cells for use as seed inoculums for large-area aquaculture water bodies. This approach provides not only a low-cost microalgae production system but also better integration between microalgae production and aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenba Zhu
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Desen Han
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yonghai Li
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Xiaoqian Zhai
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Zhanyou Chi
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Yunpeng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Haibo Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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Bernaerts TM, Gheysen L, Foubert I, Hendrickx ME, Van Loey AM. The potential of microalgae and their biopolymers as structuring ingredients in food: A review. Biotechnol Adv 2019; 37:107419. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.107419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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31
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Di Lena G, Casini I, Lucarini M, Sanchez del Pulgar J, Aguzzi A, Caproni R, Gabrielli P, Lombardi-Boccia G. Chemical characterization and nutritional evaluation of microalgal biomass from large-scale production: a comparative study of five species. Eur Food Res Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-019-03346-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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da Silva Câmara A, de Almeida Fernandes LD. Evaluation of the interactions between the marine bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens and the microalga Isochrysis galbana in simulated ballast tank environment. Arch Microbiol 2018; 201:35-44. [PMID: 30187094 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-018-1569-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the impacts of the interaction between bacteria and microalgae has been the object of study by many research groups around the world. However, little is known about the interference that pigments produced by bacteria, such as the pyoverdine siderophore, can cause to microalgae like Isochrysis galbana. Pyoverdine is a fluorochrome produced by certain Pseudomonas strains, such as P. fluorescens, which plays a role in capturing and transporting iron ions from the environment to the cell. Unlike the oceans where Fe concentrations are extremely low (< 10-15 µM), in a ballast tank it is expected that there is a great supply of iron to the cells and that the absence of light is the main limiting factor until the water is discarded. Interestingly, under certain conditions, bacteria such as P. fluorescens absorb most of the water soluble iron ions and prevent the growth of phytoplankton even if there is sufficient light. Changes in the patterns of light distribution in aquatic environments may affect the physiological characteristics of certain microalgae. This study aimed to evaluate the impacts of the presence of P. fluorescens on the survival and growth of I. galbana inside the tank. For the study, an experiment was carried out to study the interaction between P. fluorescens and I. galbana under simulated conditions of a vessel in the presence/absence of Pseudomonas and light. The results showed that the presence of the bacteria is not the main limiting factor for microalga growth. The effect of the light factor was determinant on the reproduction rate. It is believed that pyoverdine produced by P. fluorescens affected I. galbana stock either by increasing mortality or decreasing growth rate as revealed by laboratory experiments. However, it was not possible to check if the pigment concentration was affected by the growth of microalgae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline da Silva Câmara
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Cytometry, Biofouling and Bioinvasion Division, Marine Biotechnology Department, Instituto de Estudos do Mar Almirante Paulo Moreira - IEAPM - Brazilian Navy, Rua Kioto 253, Praia dos Anjos, Arraial do Cabo, Rio De Janeiro, 28930-000, Brazil. .,Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia Marinha - IEAPM, Rua Daniel Barreto s/n - Prédio Amazônia Azul - Praia dos Anjos, Arraial do Cabo, 28930-000, Brazil.
| | - Lohengrin Dias de Almeida Fernandes
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Cytometry, Biofouling and Bioinvasion Division, Marine Biotechnology Department, Instituto de Estudos do Mar Almirante Paulo Moreira - IEAPM - Brazilian Navy, Rua Kioto 253, Praia dos Anjos, Arraial do Cabo, Rio De Janeiro, 28930-000, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia Marinha - IEAPM, Rua Daniel Barreto s/n - Prédio Amazônia Azul - Praia dos Anjos, Arraial do Cabo, 28930-000, Brazil
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Soria-Verdugo A, Goos E, García-Hernando N, Riedel U. Analyzing the pyrolysis kinetics of several microalgae species by various differential and integral isoconversional kinetic methods and the Distributed Activation Energy Model. ALGAL RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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