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Aleem M, Khan MI. Concept of dementia ( Nisy ā n) in Unani system of medicine and scientific validation of an important Unani pharmacopoeial preparation ' Majoon Vaj' for its management: a review. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2024; 21:139-153. [PMID: 37384842 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2021-0447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This review focused on the concept of dementia in the Unani system of medicine and comprehensive, updated information on Majoon Vaj about the phytochemistry, nootropic, CNS activities and provide insights into potential opportunities for future research. METHODS The classical literature on Majoon Vaj for its anti-dementic properties, and therapeutic uses were gathered from nearly thirteen classical Unani books including Unani Pharmacopoeia. The information of pharmacognosy, phytochemical and pharmacological activities of Majoon Vaj and its ingredient was collected by browsing the Internet (PubMed, ScienceDirect, Wiley online library, Google Scholar, ResearchGate). The relevant primary sources were probed, analysed, and included in this review. The keywords used to browse were Majoon Vaj, Dementia, Nootropic, Acorus calamus, Piper nigram, Zingiber officinalis, Nigella sativa, Carum carvi, Plumbago zeylanica, and β-asarone. Relevant Sources were gathered up to July 2021, and the chemical structures were drawn using ACD/ChemSketch software. The species name and synonyms were checked with WFO (2021): World Flora online (http://www.worldfloraonline.org) an updated version of 'The Plant List.' RESULTS Majoon Vaj contains an excess of bioactive compounds e.g., alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, tannins, diterpenes, coumarins, carbohydrates, and fixed oils and its ingredients possess broad pharmacological properties, including cognitive-enhancing, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. CONCLUSIONS The literature of Unani medicine is quite rich in discussing the pathophysiological basis of memory disorders. It argues that memory, retention, and retrieval are regulated by a complex process involving various faculties. Majoon Vaj seems to have great potential for therapeutic applications in the treatment of dementia and thus encourage more preclinical and clinical trials in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Aleem
- Department of Ilmul Advia (Pharmacology), National Institute of Unani Medicine, Bengaluru, India
| | - Md Imran Khan
- Department of Ilmul Advia (Pharmacology), National Institute of Unani Medicine, Bengaluru, India
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Chen X, Lan W, Xie J. Characterization of active films based on chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol integrated with ginger essential oil-loaded bacterial cellulose and application in sea bass (Lateolabrax japonicas) packaging. Food Chem 2024; 441:138343. [PMID: 38211477 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.138343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
The poor mechanical properties, low water-resistance, and limited antimicrobial activity of chitosan (CS)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) based film limited its application in aquatic product preservation. Herein, bacterial cellulose (BC) was used to load ginger essential oil (GEO). The effects of the addition of BC and different concentrations of GEO on the physicochemical and antimicrobial activities of films were systematically evaluated. Finally, the application of sea bass fillets was investigated. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) analysis indicated dense networks were formed, which was verified by enhanced physical properties. The mechanical properties, barrier properties, and antimicrobial activities enhanced as GEO concentration increased. CPB0.8 (0.8 % GEO) film had better tensile strength (TS) and barrier performance, improved the quality, and extended the shelf-life of sea bass for another 6 days at least. Overall, active films are potential packaging materials for aquatic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuening Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Weiqing Lan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Aquatic Products Processing and Storage Engineering Technology Research Center, Shanghai 201306, China; National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Food Science and Engineering (Shanghai Ocean University), Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Jing Xie
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Aquatic Products Processing and Storage Engineering Technology Research Center, Shanghai 201306, China; National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Food Science and Engineering (Shanghai Ocean University), Shanghai 201306, China.
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Hleba L, Hlebová M, Charousová I. In Vitro Evaluation of Synergistic Essential Oils Combination for Enhanced Antifungal Activity against Candida spp. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:693. [PMID: 38929677 PMCID: PMC11204509 DOI: 10.3390/life14060693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, a significant number of infections have been attributed to non-albicidal Candida species (NAC), mainly due to the increasing resistance of NAC to antifungal agents. As only a few antifungal agents are available (azoles, echinocandins, polyenes, allylamines and nucleoside analogues), it is very important to look for possible alternatives to inhibit resistant fungi. One possibility could be essential oils (EOs), which have been shown to have significant antifungal and antibacterial activity. Therefore, in this study, the efficacy of 12 EOs and their combinations was evaluated against four yeasts of the genus Candida (C. albicas, C. glabrata, C. tropicalis and C. parapsilosis). GC-MS and GC-MS FID techniques were used for the chemical analysis of all EOs. VITEK-2XL was used to determine the antifungal susceptibility of the tested Candida spp. strains. The agar disc diffusion method was used for primary screening of the efficacy of the tested EOs. The broth dilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the most potent EOs. After MIC cultivation, the minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) was determined on Petri dishes (60 mm). The synergistic effect of combined EOs was evaluated using the checkerboard method and expressed as a fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI). The results showed that ginger > ho-sho > absinth > dill > fennel > star anise > and cardamom were the most effective EOs. For all Candida species tested, the synergy was mainly observed in these combinations: ginger/fennel for C. albicans FICI 0.25 and C. glabrata, C. tropicalis and C. parapsilosis FICI 0.5 and absinth/fennel for C. albicans FICI 0.3125, C. tropicalis FICI 0.3125 and C. parapsilosis FICI 0.375. Our results suggest that the resistance of fungal pathogens to available antifungals could be reduced by combining appropriate EOs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukáš Hleba
- Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Miroslava Hlebová
- Institute of Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of SS. Cyril and Methodius, Nám. J. Herdu 2, SK-91701 Trnava, Slovakia
| | - Ivana Charousová
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Unilabs Slovensko, s.r.o., J. Bellu 66, SK-03495 Likavka, Slovakia
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Singh G, Devi T. Studies on photocatalytic mineralization of organic pesticides by bimetallic Cu-Zn nanoparticles derived from Zingiber officinale Roscoe (ginger) using green chemistry approach. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:27699-27708. [PMID: 38517626 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32966-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Compared to monometallic nanoparticles, bimetallic nanoparticle synthesis and characterization have attracted more attention due to their superior environmental protection properties. In this study, we discuss the preparation and characterization of Cu-Zn bimetallic nanoparticles using Zinger extract, as well as their potential role in photocatalytic degradation of carbendazim, chlorpyrifos, monocrotophos, and cypermethrin. Surface properties were assessed with SEM and TEM, while UV-VIS, XRD, FTIR, and fluorescence spectroscopy were used to characterize the materials. It was observed that higher pH conditions were more conducive to the development of stable Cu-Zn BMNPs with diameters ranging from 60 to 100 nm. UV-VIS spectroscopy showed that the Cu-Zn bimetallic nanoparticles photodegraded 53-95% of the pesticides, monocrotophos, chlorpyrifos, and carbendazim during the 24-72-h incubation period. A number of pesticides may be photocatalytically degraded by primary reactive radicals produced by nanoparticles. We propose that the use of bimetallic nanoparticles could be one alternative strategy for pesticide mineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurpreet Singh
- Post-Graduate Department of Biotechnology, Lyallpur Khalsa College, Jalandhar, 144001, India.
| | - Tulsi Devi
- Post-Graduate Department of Biotechnology, Lyallpur Khalsa College, Jalandhar, 144001, India
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Hyder S, Gondal AS, Sehar A, Khan AR, Riaz N, Rizvi ZF, Iqbal R, Elshikh MS, Alarjani KM, Rahman MHU, Rizwan M. Use of ginger extract and bacterial inoculants for the suppression of Alternaria solani causing early blight disease in Tomato. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:131. [PMID: 38383294 PMCID: PMC10880201 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04789-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Early blight (EB), caused by Alternaria solani, is a serious problem in tomato production. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria promote plant growth and inhibit plant disease. The present study explored the bio-efficacy of synergistic effect of rhizobacterial isolates and ginger powder extract (GPE) against tomato EB disease, singly and in combination. Six fungal isolates from symptomatic tomato plants were identified as A. solani on the basis of morphological features i.e., horizontal septation (6.96 to 7.93 µm), vertical septation (1.50 to 2.22 µm), conidia length (174.2 to 187.6 µm), conidial width (14.09 to 16.52 µm), beak length (93.06 to 102.26 µm), and sporulation. Five of the twenty-three bacterial isolates recovered from tomato rhizosphere soil were nonpathogenic to tomato seedlings and were compatible with each other and with GPE. Out of five isolates tested individually, three isolates (St-149D, Hyd-13Z, and Gb-T23) showed maximum inhibition (56.3%, 48.3%, and 42.0% respectively) against mycelial growth of A. solani. Among combinations, St-149D + GPE had the highest mycelial growth inhibition (76.9%) over the untreated control. Bacterial strains molecularly characterized as Pseudomonas putida, Bacillus subtilis, and Bacillus cereus and were further tested in pot trials through seed bacterization for disease control. Seeds treated with bacterial consortia + GPE had the highest disease suppression percentage (78.1%), followed by St-149D + GPE (72.2%) and Hyd-13Z + GPE (67.5%). Maximum seed germination was obtained in the bacterial consortia + GPE (95.0 ± 2.04) followed by St-149D + GPE (92.5 ± 1.44) and Hyd-13Z + GPE (90.0 ± 2.04) over control (73.8 ± 2.39) and chemical control as standard treatment (90.0 ± 2). Ginger powder extracts also induce the activation of defence-related enzymes (TPC, PO, PPO, PAL, and CAT) activity in tomato plants. These were highly significant in the testing bacterial inoculants against A. solani infection in tomato crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Hyder
- Department of Botany, Government College Women University Sialkot, Sialkot, 51310, Pakistan.
| | - Amjad Shahzad Gondal
- Department of Plant Pathology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60000, Pakistan
| | - Anam Sehar
- Directorate of Student Affairs and Student Counselling Service - SA&C, Lahore Garrison University Lahore, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Aimen Razzaq Khan
- Department of Botany, Government College Women University Sialkot, Sialkot, 51310, Pakistan
| | - Nadia Riaz
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Zarrin Fatima Rizvi
- Department of Botany, Government College Women University Sialkot, Sialkot, 51310, Pakistan
| | - Rashid Iqbal
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan.
| | - Mohamed S Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaloud M Alarjani
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammed Habib Ur Rahman
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, Bonn-53115, Germany
- Department of Seed Science and Technology, Institute of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology (IPBB), MNS-University of Agriculture, Multan-66000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, Bonn-53115, Germany.
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Thombre D, Shelar A, Nakhale S, Khairnar B, Karale N, Sangshetti J, Nile SH, Patil R. Green synthesis of biogenic selenium nanoparticles functionalized with ginger dietary extract targeting virulence factor and biofilm formation in Candida albicans. Microb Pathog 2024; 186:106462. [PMID: 38030019 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
To treat the systemic infections caused by Candida albicans (C. albicans), various drugs have been used, however, infections still persisted due to virulence factors and increasing antifungal resistance. As a solution to this problem, we synthesized selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) by using Bacillus cereus bacteria. This is the first study to report a higher (70 %) reduction of selenite ions into SeNPs in under 6 h. The as-synthesized, biogenic SeNPs were used to deliver bioactive constituents of aqueous extract of ginger for inhibiting the growth and biofilm (virulence factors) in C. albicans. UV-visible spectroscopy revealed a characteristic absorption at 280 nm, and Raman spectroscopy showed a characteristic peak shift at 253 cm-1 for the biogenic SeNPs. The synthesized SeNPs are spherical with 240-250 nm in size as determined by electron microscopy. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the functionalization of antifungal constituents of ginger over the SeNPs (formation of Ginger@SeNPs nanoconjugates). In contrast to biogenic SeNPs, nanoconjugates were active against C. albicans for inhibiting growth and biofilm formation. In order to reveal antifungal mechanism of nanoconjugates', real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis was performed, according to RT-PCR analysis, the nanoconjugates target virulence genes involved in C. albicans hyphae and biofilm formation. Nanoconjugates inhibited 25 % growth of human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cell line, indicating moderate cytotoxicity of active nanoconjugates in an in-vitro cytotoxicity study. Therefore, biogenic SeNPs conjugated with ginger dietary extract may be a potential antifungal agent and drug carrier for inhibiting C. albicans growth and biofilm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipalee Thombre
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007, India
| | - Amruta Shelar
- Department of Technology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007, India
| | - Sweta Nakhale
- PES's Modern College of Arts, Science and Commerce Ganeshkhind. Pune, Maharashtra, 411053, India
| | - Bhushan Khairnar
- Interdisciplinary School of Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007, India
| | - Netaji Karale
- Vidya Pratishthan's Arts, Science and Commerce College, Baramati, 413133, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Shivraj Hariram Nile
- Division of Food and Nutritional Biotechnology, DBT-National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Sector-81, Knowledge City, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, 140306, Punjab, India.
| | - Rajendra Patil
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007, India.
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Laelago Ersedo T, Teka TA, Fikreyesus Forsido S, Dessalegn E, Adebo JA, Tamiru M, Astatkie T. Food flavor enhancement, preservation, and bio-functionality of ginger ( Zingiber officinale): a review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2023.2194576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
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Tiran Gunasena M, Hussein MZ, Ali A, Wahab MAA, Bashir Kutawa A, Rafif A, Afif Mohd Zobir S, Ahmad K. Zingiber officinale Roscoe Essential Oils-Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles with Enhanced Bactericidal Efficacy against Burkholderia glumae in Rice. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202300686. [PMID: 37905394 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Ginger essential oils (GEO) shows exceptional antimicrobial properties against plant pathogens. Due to its high volatility and low stability, it requires encapsulation to retain its effective properties. The GEO-Chitosan (GEO-CS) nanobactericide was developed using the ionic gelation method. The nanobactericides show particle diameters of 465, 28, 35, 48 and 500 nm when sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) concentrations used in the preparation were 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 %, respectively. The X-ray diffraction and the UV-vis studies revealed that the GEO was encapsulated into the chitosan nanoparticles with an encapsulation efficiency of around 46 % and a loading capacity of 27-34 %. The antibacterial activity of GEO-chitosan nanobactericide against Burkholderia glumae (Bg) was found to be 7.5-11.8 mm, with minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration values of 15.6 μl/mL and 31.25 μl/mL, respectively. Hence, these findings indicate that the prepared GEO-CS nanobactericides were found to be effective against Bg. This preliminary study is toward the development of new agronanobactericides using a natural product to control Bg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Tiran Gunasena
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Malaysia
- Grain Legume and Oil Crop Research and Development Centre, Angunakolapelessa, 82220, Sri Lanka
| | - Mohd Zobir Hussein
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Malaysia
| | - Asgar Ali
- Centre of Excellence for Postharvest Biotechnology (CEPB), School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, 43500, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Aswad Abdul Wahab
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Malaysia
| | - Abdulaziz Bashir Kutawa
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Malaysia
- Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Federal University Dutsin-Ma, P.M.B 500, Dutsin-Ma, 821101, Nigeria
| | - Amara Rafif
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Malaysia
| | - Syazwan Afif Mohd Zobir
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Malaysia
| | - Khairulmazmi Ahmad
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Malaysia
- Institute of Plantation Studies (IKP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Malaysia
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security (ITAFoS), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Malaysia
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He J, Hadidi M, Yang S, Khan MR, Zhang W, Cong X. Natural food preservation with ginger essential oil: Biological properties and delivery systems. Food Res Int 2023; 173:113221. [PMID: 37803539 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the increasing demand from consumers for preservative-free or naturally preserved foods has forced the food industry to turn to natural herbal and plant-derived preservatives rather than synthetic preservatives to produce safe foods. Essential oils derived from ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) are widely known for their putative health-promoting bioactivities, and this paper covers their extraction methods, chemical composition, and antibacterial and antioxidant activities. Especially, the paper reviews their potential applications in food preservation, including nanoemulsions, emulsions, solid particle encapsulation, and biodegradable food packaging films/coatings. The conclusion drawn is that ginger essential oil can be used not only for direct food preservation but also encapsulated using various delivery forms such as nanoemulsions, Pickering emulsions, and solid particle encapsulation to improve its release control ability. The film of encapsulated ginger essential oil has been proven to be superior to traditional methods in preserving foods such as bread, meat, fish, and fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinman He
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China; School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Milad Hadidi
- Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Siyuan Yang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Mohammad Rizwan Khan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wanli Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China.
| | - Xinli Cong
- School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China.
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Zagórska J, Pietrzak K, Kukula-Koch W, Czop M, Laszuk J, Koch W. Influence of Diet on the Bioavailability of Active Components from Zingiber officinale Using an In Vitro Digestion Model. Foods 2023; 12:3897. [PMID: 37959015 PMCID: PMC10648287 DOI: 10.3390/foods12213897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) is a plant known all over the world that is used as a spice and as an ingredient in drinks, dietary supplements, and cosmetics. The growing availability of its fresh rhizomes makes it even more likely to be used in the diet, mainly due to its beneficial health properties and high content of polyphenols (gingerols and shogaols). The main goal and motivation of the authors was to assess the bioavailability of active substances contained in the extract from ginger rhizomes in the presence of various types of diets using the in vitro digestion method, enabling simulation of the processes occurring during the digestion and absorption of metabolites in the small intestine. For the qualitative and quantitative analyses, the HPLC-MS (High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry) and HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) techniques were used, respectively. Based on the obtained results, it was found that the best bioavailability of the selected ginger polyphenols (6-gingerol, 8-gingerdione, 8-shogaol, and 10-gingerdione) was estimated for a high-fiber diet, while the weakest results were obtained for standard and basic diets. In the case of the high-fiber diet, the bioavailability of the mentioned compounds was estimated as 33.3, 21.4, 6.73, and 21.0%, while for the basic diet, it was only 21.3, 5.3, 2.0, and 1.0%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Zagórska
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodzki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (J.Z.); (K.P.); (J.L.)
| | - Karolina Pietrzak
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodzki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (J.Z.); (K.P.); (J.L.)
| | - Wirginia Kukula-Koch
- Department of Pharmacognosy with Medical Plants Garden, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodzki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Marcin Czop
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Medical University of Lublin, 11 Radziwiłłowska Str., 20-080 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Julia Laszuk
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodzki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (J.Z.); (K.P.); (J.L.)
| | - Wojciech Koch
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodzki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (J.Z.); (K.P.); (J.L.)
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Razak AM, Zakaria SNA, Abdul Sani NF, Ab Rani N, Hakimi NH, Mohd Said M, Tan JK, Gan HK, Mad Nordin MF, Makpol S. A subcritical water extract of soil grown Zingiber officinale Roscoe: Comparative analysis of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects and evaluation of bioactive metabolites. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1006265. [PMID: 36843947 PMCID: PMC9945201 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1006265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) can scavenge free radicals, which cause oxidative damage and inflamm-ageing. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of soil ginger's sub-critical water extracts (SWE) on different ages of Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. The antioxidant properties and yield of SWE of soil- and soilless-grown ginger (soil ginger and soilless ginger will be used throughout the passage) were compared and evaluated. Methods: Three (young), nine (adult), and twenty-one (old) months old SD rats were subjected to oral gavage treatments with either distilled water or the SWE of soil ginger at a concentration of 200 mg/kg body weight (BW) for three months. Results: Soil ginger was found to yield 46% more extract than soilless ginger. While [6]-shogaol was more prevalent in soilless ginger, and [6]-gingerol concentration was higher in soil ginger (p < 0.05). Interestingly, soil ginger exhibited higher antioxidant activities than soilless ginger by using 2,2-diphenyl-1-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl) hydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. With ginger treatment, a reduced levels of tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and C-reactive protein (CRP) but not interleukin-6 (IL-6) were observed in young rats. In all ages of SD rats, ginger treatment boosted catalase activity while lowering malondialdehyde (MDA). Reduction of urine 15-isoprostane F2t in young rats, creatine kinase-MM (CK-MM) in adult and old rats and lipid peroxidation (LPO) in young and adult rats were also observed. Discussion: The findings confirmed that the SWE of both soil and soilless grown ginger possessed antioxidant activities. Soil ginger produced a higher yield of extracts with a more prominent antioxidant activity. The SWE of soil ginger treatment on the different ages of SD rats ameliorates oxidative stress and inflammation responses. This could serve as the basis for developing a nutraceutical that can be used as a therapeutic intervention for ageing-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azraul Mumtazah Razak
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia,Faculty of Health Sciences, University College of MAIWP International, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Siti Nor Asyikin Zakaria
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nur Fathiah Abdul Sani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nazirah Ab Rani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nur Haleeda Hakimi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mazlina Mohd Said
- Centre of Drug and Herbal Research, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jen Kit Tan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | | | - Suzana Makpol
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia,*Correspondence: Suzana Makpol,
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12
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Singh IR, Pulikkal AK. Preparation, stability and biological activity of essential oil-based nano emulsions: A comprehensive review. OPENNANO 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.onano.2022.100066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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13
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Zhang S, Zhang L, Yu M, Luo D, Chen S, Liu W, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Zhao T. Essential oils of Zingiber officinale: Chemical composition, in vivo alleviation effects on TPA induced ear swelling in mice and in vitro bioactivities. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1043175. [PMID: 36352904 PMCID: PMC9639606 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1043175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Zingiber officinale (ZO) is a traditional food condiment. The essential oils of Z. officinale (ZOEOs) are known to have multiple bioactivities. In this study, gas chromatography mass spectrometer (GC-MS) analytical method was used to identify active ingredient present in ZOEOs. A total of 41 compounds were identified in ZOEOs. Major components in ZOEOs were zingiberene (19.71%), (+)-β-cedrene (12.85%), farnesene (12.17%), α-curcumene (10.18%) and β-elemene (3.54%). Experimental results of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13 acetate (TPA) induced ear swelling validation mice model showed that ZOEOs treatment has better anti-inflammatory effect compared with ibuprofen (positive control) at high concentrations. Histological and immunohistochemical analysis showed that ZOEOs significantly decreased COX-2, IL-6 and NF-κB expression in a dose dependent manner. The mRNA levels of COX-2 and NF-κB were also down regulated by the application of ZOEOs. This indicated that ZOEOs exhibited positive effects in ear skin protection. Antibacterial experimental results showed that EOZOs had anti-bacterial effects on Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus. DPPH radical scavenging, A549 cell line and LNCaP cell line inhibition results indicated that ZOEOs exhibited potential antioxidant and anti-tumor properties. The findings of these study provide scientific basis on therapeutic use of ZO in food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Sericulture and Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Shenzhen Precision Health Food Technology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Lijun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Sericulture and Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengjie Yu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Sericulture and Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Donghui Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuai Chen
- Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Sericulture and Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weifeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Sericulture and Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yehui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Sericulture and Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lanyue Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Lanyue Zhang
| | - Tiantian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Sericulture and Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Food Science and Engineering Department, Chaozhou Branch of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Chaozhou, China
- Tiantian Zhao
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14
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Liu T, Peng F, Zhu Y, Cao X, Wang Q, Liu F, Liu L, Xue W. Design, synthesis, biological activity evaluation and mechanism of action of myricetin derivatives containing thioether quinazolinone. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.104019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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15
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Polyvinylidene fluoride/ginger oil nanofiber scaffold for anticancer treatment: preparation, characterization, and biological evaluation. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-022-04338-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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16
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Characterization and molecular docking study of taste peptides from chicken soup by sensory analysis combined with nano-LC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. Food Chem 2022; 383:132455. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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17
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Toxicogenic Fungi, Aflatoxins, and Antimicrobial Activities Associated with Some Spices and Herbs from Three Selected Markets in Ho Municipality, Ghana. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE 2022; 2022:7195890. [PMID: 35784191 PMCID: PMC9249519 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7195890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Spices and herbs are widely used food ingredients that enhance most organoleptic features of prepared foods. They are also used for medicinal and preservative purposes. Spices and herbs are potential carriers of bacteria, yeasts, and molds due to the nature of cultivation, harvest methods, storage conditions, packaging procedures, distribution, sale, and general handling. Although some fungi have been identified to be associated with most spices and herbs elsewhere in the world, little has been done on the presence of fungi in spices and herbs in Ghana. This study sought to identify the toxicogenic fungal profiles, mycotoxins (aflatoxins) present in some herbs, bay leaf (Laurus nobilis) and garden egg leaves (“gboma”) (Solanum macrocarpon), and spices, ginger (Zingiber officinale) and “dawadawa”(Parkia biglobosa), as well as to investigate the antimicrobial properties of the selected herbs and spices. The decimal reduction technique was used to plate onto Dichloran Rose Bengal Chloramphenicol (DRBC) agar media plates for fungal growth. Aflatoxin detection was carried out with high-performance liquid chromatographer connected to a fluorescence detector (HPLC-FLD). Antimicrobial properties were carried out using the agar diffusion method on solidified, freshly prepared Mueller-Hinton agar. A total of 12 species belonging to 7 genera, Aspergillus (niger, flavus, fumigatus, and ochraceus), Fusarium (oxysporum, verticillioides), Mucor (racemosus), Penicillium (digitatum, expansum), Rhizopus (stolonifer), Rhodotorula sp., and Trichoderma harzianum, were identified as fungal contaminants. Fusarium oxysporum was the most predominant species identified. Fresh ginger recorded the greatest number of colony-forming units (3.71 log10 CFU/g) with bay leaves recording the least number of colony counts (2.36 log10 CFU/g). Mycotoxin concentration detected in gboma was
and in dawadawa was
; however, mycotoxins were not detected in bay leaf and ginger. Ginger exhibited antibacterial activity against all bacteria ranging from
to
zones of inhibition. Ginger, bay leaf, and gboma extracts displayed fair antimicrobial activity against the bacteria investigated. On the other hand, dawadawa generally produced the least resistance against the five bacterial species but exhibited the highest zone of inhibition. All samples were slightly acidic with pH readings ranging from 5.81 to 6.76.
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18
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Xie D, Hu X, Ren X, Yang Z. Synthesis and Bioactivities of Novel Piperonylic Acid Derivatives Containing a Sulfonic Acid Ester Moiety. Front Chem 2022; 10:913003. [PMID: 35711958 PMCID: PMC9192962 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.913003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The crop loss caused by bacteria has increased year by year due to the lack of effective control agents. In order to develop efficient, broad-spectrum, and structurally simple agricultural bactericide, the structure of piperonylic acid was modified and a series of novel piperonylic acid derivatives containing a sulfonic acid ester moiety was synthesized. Bioassay results indicated the compounds exhibited significantly antibacterial activities. Among them, compound 41 exhibited excellent antibacterial activities against Pseudomonas syringae pv. Actinidiae (Psa), with inhibitory value 99 and 85% at 100 μg/ml and 50 μg/ml, respectively, which was higher than that of thiodiazole-copper (84 and 77%) and bismerthiazol (96 and 78%). In addition, some compounds also showed moderate insecticidal activity against Spodoptera frugiperda. The abovementioned results confirm the broadening of the application of piperonylic acid, with reliable support for the development of novel agrochemical bactericide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Xie
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang, China
- *Correspondence: Dandan Xie,
| | - Xin Hu
- School of Biological Sciences, Guizhou Education University, Wudang District, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiaoli Ren
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang, China
| | - Zaiping Yang
- School of Biologi and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Huaxi District, Guiyang, China
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19
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Gunasena MT, Rafi A, Mohd Zobir SA, Hussein MZ, Ali A, Kutawa AB, Abdul Wahab MA, Sulaiman MR, Adzmi F, Ahmad K. Phytochemicals Profiling, Antimicrobial Activity and Mechanism of Action of Essential Oil Extracted from Ginger ( Zingiber officinale Roscoe cv. Bentong) against Burkholderia glumae Causative Agent of Bacterial Panicle Blight Disease of Rice. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:1466. [PMID: 35684239 PMCID: PMC9182640 DOI: 10.3390/plants11111466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Essential oils protect plants, and due to their natural origin, there is much interest in using them as antimicrobial agents. The purpose of this study was to determine the phytochemical constituents of ginger essential oil (GEO), antimicrobial activity, and mode of action against Burkholderia glumae (Bg). In addition, the volatile active compounds (AIs) were studied using GC-MS, FTIR, and Raman spectroscopy. A total of 45 phytochemical components were detected and the most prevalent bioactive compounds were Geranial, 1,8-Cineole, Neral, Camphene, α-Zingiberene, and α-Farnesene. Furthermore, it was found that the most dominant terpenes in GEO were monoterpenes. The diameter zone of inhibition values varied from 7.1 to 15 mm depending on the concentration tested. In addition, the MIC and MBC values were 112.5 µL/mL. Faster killing time and lower membrane potential were observed in 1xMIC treatment compared to 0.5xMIC treatment, whereas the control had the maximum values. From observations of various images, it was concluded that the mode of action of GEO affected the cytoplasmic membrane, causing it to lose its integrity and increase its permeability. Therefore, the antibacterial study and mechanism of action revealed that GEO is very effective in suppressing the growth of B. glumae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Tiran Gunasena
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (M.T.G.); (A.R.); (A.B.K.); (M.A.A.W.)
- Grain Legume and Oil Crop Research and Development Centre, Angunakolapelessa 82220, Sri Lanka
| | - Amara Rafi
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (M.T.G.); (A.R.); (A.B.K.); (M.A.A.W.)
| | - Syazwan Afif Mohd Zobir
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (M.T.G.); (A.R.); (A.B.K.); (M.A.A.W.)
| | - Mohd Zobir Hussein
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
| | - Asgar Ali
- Centre of Excellence for Postharvest Biotechnology (CEPB), School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih 43500, Malaysia;
| | - Abdulaziz Bashir Kutawa
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (M.T.G.); (A.R.); (A.B.K.); (M.A.A.W.)
- Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Science, Federal University Dutsin-Ma, Dutsin-Ma 821101, Nigeria
| | - Mohd Aswad Abdul Wahab
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (M.T.G.); (A.R.); (A.B.K.); (M.A.A.W.)
| | - Mohd Roslan Sulaiman
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
| | - Fariz Adzmi
- Institute of Plantation Studies (IKP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
| | - Khairulmazmi Ahmad
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (M.T.G.); (A.R.); (A.B.K.); (M.A.A.W.)
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security (ITAFoS), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
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20
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Oil Extracts from Fresh and Dried Iban Ginger. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjac.2022.100119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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21
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Dalsasso RR, Valencia GA, Monteiro AR. Impact of drying and extractions processes on the recovery of gingerols and shogaols, the main bioactive compounds of ginger. Food Res Int 2022; 154:111043. [PMID: 35337584 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Ginger extracts have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antitumor, and antibacterial activities mainly due to gingerols and shogaols. Extract composition and functionality can be affected by drying and extraction processes. Alternative methods to obtain ginger extracts based on high contents of gingerols and shogaols have been reported. However, there were no studies that present a broad overview of how these methods affect the composition and functionalities of ginger extracts. Based on literature data from 2011 to 2022, this review shows how drying, extraction, and complementary processes (i.e., enzymatic, acidic, and carbonic maceration) affect the composition and bioactivity of the ginger extract. Lower temperature processes, including freeze-drying, cold ultrasound-, or enzyme-assisted extraction, lead to extracts richer in phenolics, gingerols, and antioxidant activity. On the other hand, acidic solvents or "hot" processes including microwave-drying, pressurized liquid, and microwave-assisted extraction can favor higher shogaols concentrations, which have higher antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities than the gingerols precursors. Thus, in this review, we analyzed and discussed the relation between ginger processing and their bioactive compounds, focusing especially on gingerols and shogaols, as well as the main processes that increase the content of 6-shogaol without compromising other phenolic compounds to produce highly functional extracts for future applications in the food packaging sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul Remor Dalsasso
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Germán Ayala Valencia
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
| | - Alcilene Rodrigues Monteiro
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
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22
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Kumar Poudel D, Dangol S, Rokaya A, Maharjan S, Kumar Ojha P, Rana J, Dahal S, Timsina S, Dosoky NS, Satyal P, Setzer WN. Quality Assessment of Zingiber officinale Roscoe Essential Oil from Nepal. Nat Prod Commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x221080322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Zingiber officinale Roscoe rhizome plays a vital role in food flavoring as well as utilization in folk medicine. Nepal is categorized among the leading countries of Z. officinale rhizome production and export. Mature Z. officinale rhizome collection is based on the major production sites within Nepal, but we are currently unaware of the chemical composition of essential oil for export. A comparative investigation of Z. officinale rhizome essential oil compositions, collected from 12 different sites of the eastern, mid, and western regions of Nepal, has been carried out. The analysis of essential oils chemical composition by gas chromatographic–mass spectral (GC-MS), enantiomeric composition by chiral gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (CGC-MS), and antimicrobial activity was evaluated. Essential oil yields ranged from 0.28% to 0.34%. The results showed that the essential oils obtained in this study contained α-zingiberene (8.6%-24.1%), camphene (7.2%-12.8%), β-phellandrene (3.8%-10.1%), neral (0.6%-11.8%), geranial (1.0%-17.4%), ar-curcumene (3.0%-10.3%), and β-sesquiphellandrene (3.7%-9.7%). With CGC-MS, the enantiomeric distributions of 21 chiral compounds were determined and showed no contrasting enantiomeric distributions. Two essential oil samples (G3 and G5) possessed good antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MIC = 78.1μg/mL) and excellent antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger (MIC = 39.1 μg/mL). Based on the content of α-zingiberene and citral (neral and geranial), samples collected from their respective areas might be used to identify an ideal Z. officinale rhizome production zone in Nepal.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sabita Dangol
- Analytica Research Center, Kritipur, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Anil Rokaya
- Analytica Research Center, Kritipur, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | | | | | - Janaki Rana
- Analytica Research Center, Kritipur, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Sumitra Dahal
- Analytica Research Center, Kritipur, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Sujan Timsina
- Analytica Research Center, Kritipur, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | | | | | - William N. Setzer
- Aromatic Plant Research Center, Lehi, UT, USA
- University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL, USA
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23
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Diversity and biological activity of fungal endophytes of Zingiber officinale Rosc. with emphasis on Aspergillus terreus as a biocontrol agent of its leaf spot. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2021.102234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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24
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Adamu A, Ahmad K, Siddiqui Y, Ismail IS, Asib N, Bashir Kutawa A, Adzmi F, Ismail MR, Berahim Z. Ginger Essential Oils-Loaded Nanoemulsions: Potential Strategy to Manage Bacterial Leaf Blight Disease and Enhanced Rice Yield. Molecules 2021; 26:3902. [PMID: 34202405 PMCID: PMC8271405 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26133902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The bacterial leaf blight (BLB) caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) is one of the most serious rice diseases, causing huge yield losses worldwide. Several technologies and approaches have been opted to reduce the damage; however, these have had limited success. Recently, scientists have been focusing their efforts on developing efficient and environmentally friendly nanobactericides for controlling bacterial diseases in rice fields. In the present study, a scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) were utilized to investigate the mode of actions of ginger EOs on the cell structure of Xoo. The ginger EOs caused the cells to grow abnormally, resulting in an irregular form with hollow layers, whereas the dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) treatment showed a typical rod shape for the Xoo cell. Ginger EOs restricted the growth and production of biofilms by reducing the number of biofilms generated as indicated by CLSM. Due to the instability, poor solubility, and durability of ginger EOs, a nanoemulsions approach was used, and a glasshouse trial was performed to assess their efficacy on BLB disease control. The in vitro antibacterial activity of the developed nanobactericides was promising at different concentration (50-125 µL/mL) tested. The efficacy was concentration-dependent. There was significant antibacterial activity recorded at higher concentrations. A glasshouse trial revealed that developed nanobactericides managed to suppress BLB disease severity effectively. Treatment at a concentration of 125 μL/mL was the best based on the suppression of disease severity index, AUDPC value, disease reduction (DR), and protection index (PI). Furthermore, findings on plant growth, physiological features, and yield parameters were significantly enhanced compared to the positive control treatment. In conclusion, the results indicated that ginger essential oils loaded-nanoemulsions are a promising alternative to synthetic antibiotics in suppressing Xoo growth, regulating the BLB disease, and enhancing rice yield under a glasshouse trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullahi Adamu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Sokoto State University, P.M.B 2134 Sokoto, Nigeria;
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (N.A.); (A.B.K.)
| | - Khairulmazmi Ahmad
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (N.A.); (A.B.K.)
- Sustainable Agronomy and Crop Protection, Institute of Plantation Studies (IKP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security (ITAFoS), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (M.R.I.); (Z.B.)
| | - Yasmeen Siddiqui
- Sustainable Agronomy and Crop Protection, Institute of Plantation Studies (IKP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security (ITAFoS), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (M.R.I.); (Z.B.)
| | - Intan Safinar Ismail
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
| | - Norhayu Asib
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (N.A.); (A.B.K.)
| | - Abdulaziz Bashir Kutawa
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (N.A.); (A.B.K.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Life Science, Federal University Dutsin-Ma, P.M.B 5001 Dutsin-Ma, Nigeria
| | - Fariz Adzmi
- Sustainable Agronomy and Crop Protection, Institute of Plantation Studies (IKP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
| | - Mohd Razi Ismail
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security (ITAFoS), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (M.R.I.); (Z.B.)
| | - Zulkarami Berahim
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security (ITAFoS), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (M.R.I.); (Z.B.)
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25
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Effect of Ginger on Chemical Composition, Physical and Sensory Characteristics of Chicken Soup. Foods 2021; 10:foods10071456. [PMID: 34201805 PMCID: PMC8307344 DOI: 10.3390/foods10071456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of ginger on taste components and sensory characteristics in chicken soup, the content of amino acids, organic acids, 5′-nucleotides, and mineral elements were determined in chicken soup sample. With the ginger added, free amino acids in chicken soup obviously increased and exceeded the total amounts in ginger soup and chicken soup. The content of glutamic acid (122.74 μg/mL) was the highest among 17 free amino acids in ginger chicken soup. Meanwhile, six organic acids detected in chicken soup all obviously increased, among which lactic acid (1523.58 μg/mL) and critic acid (4692.41 μg/mL) exceeded 1000 μg/mL. The content of 5′-nucleotides had no obvious difference between ginger chicken soup and chicken soup. Compared with chicken soup, ginger chicken soup had a smaller particle size (136.43 nm) and color difference (79.69), but a higher viscosity. With ginger added in chicken soup, the content of seven mineral elements was reduced, and the content of total sugar increased. Results from an electronic tongue indicated a difference in taste profiles among the soups. The taste components and sensory quality of chicken soup were obviously affected by adding the ginger.
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26
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Fabrication, characterization, and anti‐free radical performance of edible packaging‐chitosan film synthesized from shrimp shell incorporated with ginger essential oil. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-021-00875-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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