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Chipirliu O, Crăciun MV, Matei MN. Clinical Study and Microbiological Analysis of Periodontopathogenic Microflora Analyzed among Children and Adolescents with Cardiovascular Diseases Compared to Group with Good General Status. Pediatr Rep 2024; 16:482-503. [PMID: 38921706 PMCID: PMC11206381 DOI: 10.3390/pediatric16020041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontal diseases, as an important part of oral pathology, present different characteristics when affecting children and adolescents or young adults. Studies have shown that adolescence and childhood are closely related to a high risk of periodontal disease, but the follow-up for periodontal health or damage at this age has been insufficiently appreciated until now. The aim of this study was to identify subgingival microorganisms using a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in a group of children and adolescents aged 7-17 years with and without cardiovascular disease. The group of 62 subjects with gingival inflammation and poor hygiene was divided into two groups according to general condition: 31 subjects with carduivascular disease (group A) and 31 subjects without cardiovascular disease (group C). Subjects were examined in the initial consultation, the state of hygiene and periodontal inflammation was assessed using the plaque index (PI) and gingival index (GI), and samples were taken from the gingival sulcus using sterile paper cones to determine nine subgingival microorganisms. Nine subgingival microorganisms were identified: Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Treponema denticola (Td), Tannerella forsythias (Tf), Prevotella intermedia (Pi), Peptostreptococcus (Micromonas) micros (Pm), Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn), Eubacterium nodatum (En), and Capnocytophaga gingivalis (Cg). The patients were included in a specialist treatment program which aimed to relieve the inflammatory condition, remove local irritative factors, and train the patients to perform proper oral hygiene at home by using primary and secondary oral hygiene products. Subjects were reevaluated 3 months after treatment, when measurements for the PI and GI and microbiological determinations were repeated. The results showed a predominance of subjects aged 16-17 years (12.4%). Among the subjects with marked gingival inflammation, the male gender was predominant (58.06%). The PI values changed considerably after treatment, with lower values in patients presenting a general condition without cardiovascular disease (PI = 8.10%) compared with the patients with cardiovascular disease (PI = 13.77%). After treatment, the GI showed considerable changes in both groups. Red, orange, and purple complex microorganisms were found before treatment and decreased considerably after treatment in both groups. The highest values were found for Treponema denticola (140,000 (1.4 × 105)) in patients with cardiovascular disease and generalized gingival inflammation. Of the pathogenic microorganisms, the most common was Tannerella forsythia in 52 patients before treatment, and red microorganisms considerably appeared in only 10 patients after treatment. Capnocytophaga gingivalis remained constant both in the diseased state and after treatment and was consistent with periodontal health. Children with cardiovascular diseases had a higher prevalence of gingival manifestations. The composition of the subgingival microbial plaque was directly influenced by the degree of oral hygiene, but the response to specialized treatment was also influenced by the general health status. The results of this study support the conclusion that periodontal pathogens appear and multiply in the absence of proper hygiene in childhood after the eruption of permanent teeth, and their action leads to the initiation of periodontal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oana Chipirliu
- Research Centre in the Medical-Pharmaceutical Field, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, 47 Domneasca Str., 800181 Galati, Romania
| | - Marian Viorel Crăciun
- Research Centre in the Faculty of Automation, Computers, Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, 111 Domneasca Str., 800181 Galati, Romania
| | - Madalina Nicoleta Matei
- Research Centre in the Medical-Pharmaceutical Field, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, 47 Domneasca Str., 800181 Galati, Romania
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Yamguchi T, Mori K, Kojima Y, Hasegawa T, Hirota J, Akashi M, Soutome S, Yoshimatsu M, Nobuhara H, Matsugu Y, Kato S, Shibuya Y, Kurita H, Yamada SI, Nakahara H. Efficacy of perioperative oral care management in the prevention of surgical complications in 503 patients after pancreaticoduodenectomy for resectable malignant tumor: A multicenter retrospective analysis using propensity score matching. Surgery 2024; 175:1128-1133. [PMID: 38061914 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2023.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreaticoduodenectomy has been associated with a high mortality rate and significant postoperative morbidity. Recently, perioperative oral care management has been reported to be effective in preventing postoperative pneumonia and surgical site infection. In this study, we examined the effect of perioperative oral care management in reducing complications after pancreaticoduodenectomy, including surgical site infection. METHODS This retrospective multicenter study included 503 patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy at 8 facilities between January 2014 and December 2016. Among these, 144 received perioperative oral management by dentists and dental hygienists (oral management group), whereas the remaining 359 did not (control group). The oral care management program included oral health instructions, removal of dental calculus, professional mechanical tooth cleaning, removal of tongue coating, denture cleaning, instructions for gargling, and tooth extraction. The participants were matched using propensity scores to reduce background bias. Various factors were examined for correlation with the development of complications. RESULTS The incidence of organ/space surgical site infection was significantly lower in the oral management group than in the control group (8.0% vs 19.6%, P = .005). Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that hypertension and lack of perioperative oral management were independent risk factors for organ/space surgical site infection. Lack of perioperative oral management had an odds ratio of 2.847 (95% confidence interval 1.335-6.071, P = .007). CONCLUSION Perioperative oral care management reduces the occurrence of surgical site infections after pancreaticoduodenectomy and should be recommended as a strategy to prevent infections in addition to antibiotic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taihei Yamguchi
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Kagoshima University, Japan.
| | - Kazuyo Mori
- Division of Clinical Engineering, Kagoshima University Hospital, Japan
| | - Yuka Kojima
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Japan
| | - Takumi Hasegawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Junya Hirota
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Masaya Akashi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Sakiko Soutome
- Department of Oral Health, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | | | | | - Yasuhiro Matsugu
- Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Transplant Surgery, Hiroshima Prefectural Hospital, Japan; Department of Clinical Nutrition, Hiroshima Prefectural Hospital, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Kato
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Shibuya
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kurita
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Yamada
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Nakahara
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Osaka Metrpolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
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Nery GB, de Araujo CAR, da Silva GB, Bittar H, Bordallo VP, Amaral JB, Hardt M, Marti L, Birbrair A, Jimenez M, Bastos MF, Nali LHS, Longo PL, Laurentino GC, Bachi ALL, Heller D. Impact of social distancing from the COVID-19 pandemic on the immuno-inflammatory response of older adults. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:99. [PMID: 38273281 PMCID: PMC10811891 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-04699-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older adults, as the population considered at increased risk for severe COVID-19, were the most impacted by social isolation. Thus, this study aimed to assess the salivary immune/inflammatory response of older adults before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS A cohort of 11 older adults (mean age 66.8 ± 6.1) was followed at three different time points: before (S1) and after 6 (S2) and 20 months (S3) of the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. Unstimulated saliva samples were obtained to assess the levels of antibodies (secretory IgA, IgG and IgM) by ELISA and cytokines (IL-2, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10, TSLP, IFN-γ, TNF-α) by multiplex analysis. Significant differences were evaluated using the Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn's post-test. RESULTS None volunteer presented periodontal disease or caries. All volunteers received at least two doses of the COVID-19 vaccines after S2 and before S3. A tendency to increase salivary levels of SIgA and IgM at S2 and of IgG at S3 were observed compared to the values found at S1 and S2. Significantly decreased levels of IL-2 and IL-5 were found at S2 and S3 (p < 0.001) time points. Lower levels of IFN-γ were found at S2 as compared to the values observed at S1 (p < 0.01). A significant decrease in the IFN-γ/IL-10 ratio was found at S2 (p < 0.01). When assessing the Th1/Th2 ratios, a significant decrease was found in the IFN-γ/TSLP ratio at S2 (p < 0.001) and S3 (p < 0.001) when compared to the values at S1. In addition, a significant increase was observed in the TNF-α/IL-5 ratio at S2 (p < 0.001) and S3 (p < 0.001) in comparison to the values at S1. In a similar way, an increase in the TNF-α/IL-6 ratio (Fig. 5E) was observed at S3 (p < 0.001) when compared to the values at S1. CONCLUSIONS Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the impact of COVID-19-induced social isolation on immune/inflammatory responses in the upper airway mucosa, particularly those present in oral cavity, of older adults. It demonstrates that a controlled shift in Th1 and Th2 immune responses, both during infection and post-vaccination, can create favorable conditions to combat viral infections without exacerbating the immune response or worsening the pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Beletato Nery
- Post Graduate Program in Dentistry, Cruzeiro Do Sul University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Helena Bittar
- Post Graduate Program in Dentistry, Cruzeiro Do Sul University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Jônatas B Amaral
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, ENT Lab, Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Markus Hardt
- Center for Salivary Diagnostics, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Luciana Marti
- Experimental Research, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexander Birbrair
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Manuel Jimenez
- Departamento de Didáctica de La Educación Física y Salud, Universidad Internacional de La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | - Marta Ferreira Bastos
- Postgraduate Program in Aging Sciences, São Judas Tadeu University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz Henrique Silva Nali
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, ENT Lab, Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Health Science, Santo Amaro University (UNISA), Santo Amaro, Brazil
| | | | | | - André L L Bachi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, ENT Lab, Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil.
- Post-Graduate Program in Health Science, Santo Amaro University (UNISA), Santo Amaro, Brazil.
| | - Debora Heller
- Post Graduate Program in Dentistry, Cruzeiro Do Sul University, São Paulo, Brazil.
- Experimental Research, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil.
- Department of Periodontology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
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Wang H, Yang M, Cheng S, Ren Y, Deng Y, Liang J, Lin X, Li J, Yin J, Wu Q. The Spouses of Stroke Patients Have a Similar Oral Microbiome to Their Partners with an Elevated Risk of Stroke. Microorganisms 2022; 10:2288. [PMID: 36422358 PMCID: PMC9697374 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10112288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Spousal members who share no genetic relatedness show similar oral microbiomes. Whether a shared microbiome increases the risk of cerebrovascular disease is challenging to investigate. The aim of this study was to compare the oral microbiota composition of poststroke patients, their partners, and controls and to compare the risk of stroke between partners of poststroke patients and controls. Forty-seven pairs of spouses and 34 control subjects were recruited for the study. Alcohol use, smoking, metabolic disease history, clinical test results, and oral health were documented. Oral microbiome samples were measured by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The risk of stroke was measured by risk factor assessment (RFA) and the Framingham Stroke Profile (FSP). Poststroke patients and their partners exhibited higher alpha diversity than controls. Principal-coordinate analysis (PCoA) showed that poststroke patients share a more similar microbiota composition with their partners than controls. The differentially abundant microbial taxa among the 3 groups were identified by linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analysis. The risk factor assessment indicated that partners of poststroke patients had a higher risk of stroke than controls. Spearman correlation analysis showed that Prevotellaceae was negatively associated with RFA. Lactobacillales was negatively associated with FSP, while Campilobacterota and [Eubacterium]_nodatum_group were positively associated with FSP. These results suggest that stroke risk may be transmissible between spouses through the oral microbiome, in which several bacteria might be involved in the pathogenesis of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huidi Wang
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Mengjia Yang
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Sanping Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yueran Ren
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yiting Deng
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jingru Liang
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xiaofei Lin
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jie Li
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jia Yin
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Qiheng Wu
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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5
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Marotz C, Molinsky R, Martino C, Bohn B, Roy S, Rosenbaum M, Desvarieux M, Yuzefpolskaya M, Paster BJ, Jacobs DR, Colombo PC, Papapanou PN, Knight R, Demmer RT. Early microbial markers of periodontal and cardiometabolic diseases in ORIGINS. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2022; 8:30. [PMID: 35444197 PMCID: PMC9021254 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-022-00289-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis affects up to 50% of individuals worldwide, and 8.5% are diagnosed with diabetes. The high-comorbidity rate of these diseases may suggest, at least in part, a shared etiology and pathophysiology. Changes in oral microbial communities have been documented in the context of severe periodontitis and diabetes, both independently and together. However, much less is known about the early oral microbial markers of these diseases. We used a subset of the ORIGINS project dataset, which collected detailed periodontal and cardiometabolic information from 787 healthy individuals, to identify early microbial markers of periodontitis and its association with markers of cardiometabolic health. Using state-of-the-art compositional data analysis tools, we identified the log-ratio of Treponema to Corynebacterium bacteria to be a novel Microbial Indicator of Periodontitis (MIP), and found that this MIP correlates with poor periodontal health and cardiometabolic markers early in disease pathogenesis in both subgingival plaque and saliva.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarisse Marotz
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rebecca Molinsky
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Cameron Martino
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Bruno Bohn
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Sumith Roy
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael Rosenbaum
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Moïse Desvarieux
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Melana Yuzefpolskaya
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bruce J Paster
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David R Jacobs
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Paolo C Colombo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Panos N Papapanou
- Division of Periodontics, Section of Oral, Diagnostic and Rehabilitation Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rob Knight
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Department of Computer Science & Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ryan T Demmer
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA. .,Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
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AlJasser R, AlAqeely R, AlKenani M, AlQahtani S, AlZahrani A, Lambarte R. The effect of systemic Isotretinoin on salivary tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases 1 and 2 and salivary flow rate in periodontal disease. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:148-153. [PMID: 35002402 PMCID: PMC8716862 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.08.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate and compare changes in salivary flow rate and salivary levels of TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 in individuals taking oral Isotretinoin (INN) with those who do not take INN. To assess the variation in TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 as well as salivary flow rate observed at different stages of periodontal disease in comparison to those observed in the case of healthy periodontium. MATERIALS AND METHODS An examiner-blind case-control study involving 180 human adults divided into six groups based on their periodontal status. Clinical parameters, including pocket depth, clinical attachment level, and bleeding on probing were measured at six sites per tooth. Whole unstimulated saliva samples were collected from all subjects to evaluate salivary flow rate (SFR). Salivary TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 levels were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Software. The Kruskal Wallis test and Mann-Whitney U-tests were employed to verify any significant differences between the groups for all parameters. Multi-regression analysis was performed for each parameter tested in each group. All tests were compared at a significance level of 0.05. RESULTS SFR was statistically significantly lower among all INN groups in comparison to the control groups (P < 0.001). TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 were significantly higher in all INN groups in comparison to the control groups, in both gingivitis cases (P = 0.004, P < 0.0001 respectively) and periodontitis cases (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION Although INN reduces salivary flow rate, the findings of the present study revealed that it had an anti-inflammatory effect in periodontal biomarkers. Specifically, it was positively correlated with an elevation of salivary TIMP-1 and TIMP-2. Hence, INN might be a future additive medication to be further evaluated for the treatment of periodontal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reham AlJasser
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, Dental College, King Saud University, 11545 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Arabia
| | - Razan AlAqeely
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, Dental College, King Saud University, 11545 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Arabia
| | - Manal AlKenani
- Saudi Board of Periodontics Program, 12211 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Rhodanne Lambarte
- Mollecular and Cell Biology Laboratory Prince Naif bin Abdul Aziz Health Research Center, College of Dentistry, Dental College, King Saud University, 11545 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Arabia
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7
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Nibali L, Sousa V, Davrandi M, Liu LS, Spratt D, Donos N. Patterns of subgingival microbiota in different periodontal phenotypes. J Dent 2021; 117:103912. [PMID: 34890714 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2021.103912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare the subgingival microbiota of patients with aggressive (AgP) or chronic periodontitis (CP) to healthy (H), non-periodontitis patients as well as to explore their relevant associations to different host genetic variants. METHODS Following clinical examination, blood and subgingival plaque sampling of 471 study participants (125 AgP, 121 CP, 225 H), subgingival community analysis was performed by next generation sequencing of the 16S rRNA. Microbial data from 266 participants (75 AgP, 95 CP, 98 H) were available for analysis. SNPs in the IL6, IL6R and FTO gene were selected for genetic marker analyses. RESULTS Combined periodontitis patients (AgP + CP), particularly those classified with AgP, exhibited lower alpha- and beta- diversity. Several genera (including Peptostreptococcaceae, Filifactor, Desulfobulbus, Tannerella and Lachnospiracee) and species were over-abundant in combined periodontitis vs. healthy individuals, while other genera such as Prevotella or Dialister were found to be more abundant in healthy cases. The only genus with difference in abundance between AgP and CP was Granulicatella. No associations between IL6, IL6RA and FTO genetic variants and microbial findings were detected. CONCLUSION This study suggests that limited microbial differences existed between AgP and CP and challenges the current notion that periodontitis is associated with increased subgingival microbial diversity compared with periodontal health. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The findings of this study cast some doubts on the notion that the dysbiosis characteristic of periodontal disease is expressed as increased microbial diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Nibali
- Periodontology Unit, Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, Centre for Oral, London, United Kingdom; Centre for Immunobiology & Regenerative Medicine and Centre for Oral Clinical Research, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University London (QMUL), London, United Kingdom.
| | - V Sousa
- Periodontology Unit, Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, Centre for Oral, London, United Kingdom; Centre for Immunobiology & Regenerative Medicine and Centre for Oral Clinical Research, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University London (QMUL), London, United Kingdom
| | - M Davrandi
- Microbiology Department, University College London Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK
| | - L S Liu
- Periodontology Unit, University College London Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK
| | - D Spratt
- Microbiology Department, University College London Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK
| | - N Donos
- Centre for Immunobiology & Regenerative Medicine and Centre for Oral Clinical Research, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University London (QMUL), London, United Kingdom
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8
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Different causes and diverse outcomes of extremely rare septic cavernous sinus thrombosis complicated with internal carotid artery stenosis. Eur J Med Res 2021; 26:120. [PMID: 34615537 PMCID: PMC8493721 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-021-00588-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cases of acute sphenoid sinusitis complicated by septic cavernous sinus (CS) thrombosis and internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis are rarely reported. Different causative pathogens have been reported for this condition. We present two extremely rare and special cases with diverse clinical presentations and outcomes. Case 1 involved a female patient with less extensive sinusitis, but critical ICA occlusion. Case 2 involved a male patient with extensive pansinusitis, meningitis, cerebritis, and vasculitis due to fungal infection, but less stenosis of the ICA lumen. Both patients underwent surgical debridement and received broad-spectrum antibiotics. Additional anti-fungal medication was also administered in Case 2. However, outcomes differed considerably between cases. Discussion Case 1 recovered with minimal neurological deficits and had Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores of 5 and 2, respectively; however, the Case 2 had GOS and mRS scores of 3 and 4, respectively. Although rare, septic CS thrombosis with ICA stenosis can lead to unexpected and severe neurological sequelae. Fungal infection can result in catastrophic complications and poorer prognosis. Conclusion In addition to early detection, aggressive surgical debridement and adequate antimicrobial treatment are crucial to satisfactory outcomes in patients with septic CS thrombosis complicated with ICA stenosis.
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9
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Jepsen K, Falk W, Brune F, Fimmers R, Jepsen S, Bekeredjian-Ding I. Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility trends of periodontal pathogens in the subgingival microbiota of German periodontitis patients: A retrospective surveillance study. J Clin Periodontol 2021; 48:1216-1227. [PMID: 33934384 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This retrospective surveillance study aimed to follow periodontitis-associated bacterial profiles and to identify time-dependent changes in antibiotic susceptibility patterns. MATERIALS AND METHODS From 2008 to 2015, bacterial specimen from deep periodontal pockets were collected from a total of 7804 German adults diagnosed with periodontitis. Presence of selected bacteria was confirmed by anaerobic culture and nucleic acid amplification. Antimicrobial susceptibility of clinical isolates was tested by disc diffusion with antibiotics used for the treatment of periodontitis and oral infections. The prevalences of periodontal pathogens were calculated and temporal evolution of antimicrobial susceptibility towards amoxicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, metronidazole, doxycycline, clindamycin, azithromycin, ciprofloxacin and ampicillin was analysed with logistic regression. RESULTS The prevalence of patients harbouring bacteria was 95.9% Fusobacterium nucleatum, 88.0% Tannerella forsythia, 76.4% Treponema denticola, 76.5%, Campylobacter rectus, 76.0% Eikenella corrodens, 75.0% Capnocytophaga spp., 68.2% Porphyromonas gingivalis, 57.7% Peptostreptococcus micros, 43.1% Prevotella intermedia, 30.4% Eubacterium nodatum and 21.5% Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. In 63.5% of patients, one or more isolates were not susceptible to at least one of the antibiotics tested. The data further revealed a trend towards decreasing susceptibility profiles (p < 0.05) with antibiotic non-susceptibilities in 37% of patients in 2008 and in 70% in 2015. CONCLUSIONS The present study confirmed a high prevalence of periodontal pathogens in the subgingival microbiota of German periodontitis patients. The data revealed an incremental increase in isolates displaying resistance to some antibiotics but no relevant change in susceptibility to amoxicillin and metronidazole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Jepsen
- Department of Periodontology, Operative and Preventive Dentistry, Center for Dental and Oral Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Falk
- Center for Oral & Dental Microbiology, Service Laboratory, Kiel, Germany
| | - Friederike Brune
- Department of Periodontology, Operative and Preventive Dentistry, Center for Dental and Oral Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Rolf Fimmers
- Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Søren Jepsen
- Department of Periodontology, Operative and Preventive Dentistry, Center for Dental and Oral Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Isabelle Bekeredjian-Ding
- Division of Microbiology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany.,Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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10
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Lawal FJ, Baer SL. Capnocytophaga gingivalis Bacteremia After Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Immunocompromised Patient. J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep 2021; 9:23247096211020672. [PMID: 34041953 PMCID: PMC8165836 DOI: 10.1177/23247096211020672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Odontogenic bacteremia, most commonly involving gram-positive oral flora, can result from daily self-care practices or professional dental procedures. Though usually transient and quickly cleared by the immune system, the presence of periodontal disease increases the frequency of exposure and risk of persistence of oral-systemic infections. Comorbidities such as asplenia, alcoholism, and immunocompromise increase the risk of complications of hematogenous spread and severe systemic illness. Capnocytophaga is a genus of anaerobic fastidious gram-negative bacilli, which is a common member of human oral flora, and its density is proportional to mass of dental plaques and periodontal diseases. Capnocytophaga spp that colonize humans are less virulent and are uncommon causes of bacteremia when compared with the Capnocytophaga typical of canines. C gingivalis has been rarely reported as a cause of disease in immunocompromised or immunocompetent hosts. In this article, we present a case of an immunocompromised 70-year-old man with poor oral hygiene, on methotrexate and prednisone for rheumatoid arthritis and sarcoidosis, who was admitted for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation and developed C gingivalis bacteremia and septic shock after an episode of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Poor oral hygiene in our patient is believed to have increased his risk as an immunocompromised patient to developing C gingivalis bacteremia. This case highlights the importance of oral care in immunocompromised patients especially while hospitalized, and those about to receive transplant, chemotherapy, or on immune modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Folake J Lawal
- Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Charlie Norwood Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Stephanie L Baer
- Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Charlie Norwood Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA
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11
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Espíndola LCP, do Nascimento MVMR, do Souto RM, Colombo APV. Antimicrobial susceptibility and virulence of Enterococcus spp. isolated from periodontitis-associated subgingival biofilm. J Periodontol 2021; 92:1588-1600. [PMID: 33650677 DOI: 10.1002/jper.20-0815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study evaluated the prevalence, virulence and antimicrobial susceptibility of enterococci isolated from the subgingival microbiota of patients with different periodontal status. METHODS Subgingival biofilm was obtained from individuals with periodontal health (PH) (n = 139), gingivitis (n = 103), and periodontitis (n = 305) and cultivated on selective media. Isolated strains were identified by mass spectrometry. Antimicrobial sensitivity was determined by disk diffusion, virulence genes by polymerase chain reaction, and the subgingival microbiota by checkerboard. Differences among groups were assessed by Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney, and Chi-square tests. RESULTS Enterococcus spp. were isolated from 7.4% of all samples; 53.7% were Enterococcus faecalis. They were more prevalent in periodontitis (9.8%) and gingivitis (7.8%) than PH (2.2%; P <0.05), but no differences among stages of disease severity were observed. High rates of low susceptibility/resistance (>64%) to at least one antimicrobial were observed. Predominant virulence factors included ace (64.3%), asa (39.3%), and esp (35.7%). Fusobacterium nucleatum was prevalent in the subgingival microbiota of enterococci+ individuals, whereas Dialister pneumosintes was found in low frequency in patients with bopD+ enterococci. Oral streptococci were prevalent (>70%) in patients carrying enterococci susceptible to doxycycline (P <0.05), usually bopD- and esp- (P <0.01). CONCLUSIONS E. faecalis is increased in periodontitis-associated biofilm. Oral enterococci carry virulence genes and express resistance to some antibiotics commonly used in dentistry, such as ciprofloxacin and erythromycin. Specific subgingival taxa are associated with oral enterococci, suggesting they may interact with species of the dysbiotic periodontitis biofilm, constituting a potential source of factors to tissue destruction, antibiotic resistance dissemination, and poor response to periodontal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laís Christina P Espíndola
- Department of Clinics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Department of Medical Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marcus Vinícius M R do Nascimento
- Department of Clinics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Department of Medical Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Renata M do Souto
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula V Colombo
- Department of Clinics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Department of Medical Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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12
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Yoshida A, Bouziane A, Erraji S, Lakhdar L, Rhissassi M, Miyazaki H, Ansai T, Iwasaki M, Ennibi O. Etiology of aggressive periodontitis in individuals of African descent. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2021; 57:20-26. [PMID: 33737991 PMCID: PMC7946349 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2020.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aggressive periodontitis (AgP) is a form of periodontitis that affects adolescents and has a significantly higher prevalence in individuals of African descent. AgP typically shows familial aggregation, suggesting a genetic predisposition. Young age, good health status, rapid attachment loss, and familial aggregation are the primary features of this disease. AgP has been closely linked to specific bacterial strains of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. A. actinomycetemcomitans strains isolated from patients with AgP produce leukotoxin (LtxA), which specifically affects polymorphonuclear leukocytes in primates, especially humans. High-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing and bioinformatics analyses revealed differences in the subgingival microbiota between patients with AgP and those with chronic periodontitis (ChP). The genera Atopobium and Prevotella show increased prevalences in AgP than in ChP. According to AgP susceptibility, several single nucleotide polymorphisms have been detected in different genes in individuals of African descent. Interleukin (IL)-1α and IL-1β genetic polymorphisms may be associated with the severity of both ChP and AgP. An elevated serum level of IL-17 produced by Th17 cells may be a characteristic of AgP. Analyses of the relationships among bacteria, host defenses, genetic predisposition, and numerous other factors are required to understand the progression of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Yoshida
- Department of Oral Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri, Japan
| | - Amal Bouziane
- Department of Periodontology, School of Medicine Dentistry, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Samir Erraji
- Department of Periodontology, School of Medicine Dentistry, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Leila Lakhdar
- Department of Periodontology, School of Medicine Dentistry, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Meryem Rhissassi
- Department of Periodontology, School of Medicine Dentistry, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Hideo Miyazaki
- Department of Dental Technology, Meirin College, Niigata, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Ansai
- Division of Community Oral Health Development, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | | | - Oumkeltoum Ennibi
- Department of Periodontology, School of Medicine Dentistry, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
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13
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Clinical and Microbiological Efficacy of Pyrophosphate Containing Toothpaste: A Double-Blinded Placebo-Controlled Randomized Clinical Trial. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8111806. [PMID: 33212981 PMCID: PMC7698517 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8111806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Dental calculus works as a niche wherein pathogenic bacteria proliferate in the oral cavity. Previous studies revealed the anticalculus activity of pyrophosphates, however there was no clinical study that evaluated microbiome changes associated with calculus inhibition. Therefore, the aim of this randomized clinical trial was to evaluate the calculus inhibition of pyrophosphate-containing toothpaste and its effect on oral microbiome changes. (2) Methods: Eighty subjects with a calculus index ≥2 on the lingual of the mandibular anterior tooth were randomly allocated to the test group that pyrophosphate-containing toothpaste was given to or the placebo control group. Full mouth debridement and standardized tooth brushing instruction were given before the allocation. Plaque index, gingival index, calculus index, probing depth, and bleeding on probing were measured at the baseline, and at 4, 8 and 12 weeks. Genomic DNA was extracted from the plaque samples collected at the baseline and at 12 weeks, and 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplicon sequencing was applied for microbiome analysis. (3) Results: None of the clinical parameters showed significant differences by visits or groups, except the plaque index of the test group, which reduced significantly between 4 and 12 weeks. A significant difference of microbiome between the baseline and 12 weeks was observed in the test group. Between baseline and 12 weeks, the proportion of Spirochetes decreased in the control group, and the proportions of Proteobacteria, Fusobacteria and Spirochetes in the phylum level and the proportions of Haemophilus, Fusobacterium and Capnocytophaga in the genus level decreased in the test group. In the test group, as plaque index decreased, Streptococcus increased, and Fusobacterium and Haemophilus parainfluenza decreased. (4) Conclusion: The use of pyrophosphate-containing toothpaste effectively inhibited the dysbiosis of the oral microbiome and the proliferation of pathogenic species in periodontal disease. Clinically, plaque formation in the pyrophosphate-containing toothpaste group was effectively decreased, however there was no significant change in calculus deposition.
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14
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Isola G, Polizzi A, Patini R, Ferlito S, Alibrandi A, Palazzo G. Association among serum and salivary A. actinomycetemcomitans specific immunoglobulin antibodies and periodontitis. BMC Oral Health 2020; 20:283. [PMID: 33059645 PMCID: PMC7565341 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-01258-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to assess the association between serum and salivary Immunoglobulin (Ig) Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A. actinomycetemcomitans) specific antibodies in healthy controls (HC) and periodontitis (PT) patients. Furthermore, the objectives were to determine whether PT influenced serum A. actinomycetemcomitans specific antibodies and whether serum or salivary antibodies against A. actinomycetemcomitans IgG were mediated by serum high-sensitivity c-reactive protein (hs-CRP). METHODS Fifty-three patients with periodontitis and 48 HC were enrolled in the present study. Patients were regularly examined and characterized by clinical, salivary and blood samples analyses. A. actinomycetemcomitans IgA and IgG antibodies and hs-CRP were evaluated using a commercially available kit. The Spearman Correlation Test and Jonckheere-Terpstra Test were applied in order to assess the interdependence between serum A. actinomycetemcomitans IgG antibodies and clinical periodontal parameters. To evaluate the dependence of the serum and salivary A. actinomycetemcomitans IgG levels from possible confounders, univariate and multivariable linear regression analyses were performed. RESULTS Compared to HC, patients with PT had significantly higher IgA [serum: PT, 1.89 (1.2-2.2) EU vs HC, 1.37 (0.9-1.8) EU (p = 0.022); saliva: PT, 1.67 (1.4-2.1) EU vs HC, 1.42 (0.9-1.6) EU (p = 0.019)] and A. actinomycetemcomitans IgG levels [serum: PT, 2.96 (2.1-3.7) EU vs HC, 2.18 (1.8-2.1) EU (p < 0.001); saliva, PT, 2.19 (1.8-2.5) EU vs HC, 1.84 (1.4-2) EU (p = 0.028)]. In PT patients, serum A. actinomycetemcomitans IgG were associated with a proportional extent of PT and tooth loss (P-trend value< 0.001). The univariate regression analysis demonstrated that PT (p = 0.013) and high hs-CRP (p < 0.001) had a significant negative effect on serum and salivary A. actinomycetemcomitans IgG levels. The multivariate regression analysis showed that PT (p = 0.033), hs-CRP (p = 0.014) and BMI (p = 0.017) were significant negative predictors of serum A. actinomycetemcomitans IgG while hs-CRP (p < 0.001) and BMI (P = 0.025) were significant negative predictors of salivary A. actinomycetemcomitans IgG. CONCLUSIONS PT patients presented a significantly higher serum and salivary A. actinomycetemcomitans IgA and IgG compared to HC. There was a significant increase in serum A. actinomycetemcomitans IgG when patients presented a progressive extent of PT. Moreover, PT and hs-CRP were significant negative predictors of increased salivary and serum A. actinomycetemcomitans IgG levels. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study was retrospectively registered at clinicaltrials.gov ( NCT04417322 ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Isola
- grid.8158.40000 0004 1757 1969Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Alessandro Polizzi
- grid.8158.40000 0004 1757 1969Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Romeo Patini
- grid.8142.f0000 0001 0941 3192Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Ferlito
- grid.8158.40000 0004 1757 1969Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Angela Alibrandi
- grid.10438.3e0000 0001 2178 8421Department of Economical, Business and Environmental Sciences and Quantitative Methods, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Palazzo
- grid.8158.40000 0004 1757 1969Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95124 Catania, Italy
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15
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Kalala-Kazadi E, Toma S, Lasserre JF, Nyimi-Bushabu F, Ntumba-Mulumba H, Brecx MC. Clinical and Microbiological Profiles of Aggressive and Chronic Periodontitis in Congolese Patients: A Cross-sectional Study. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2020; 10:491-497. [PMID: 33042892 PMCID: PMC7523938 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_501_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Chronic and aggressive periodontitis were the main forms of periodontitis according to the 1999 classification of periodontal diseases and conditions. Their profile in Congolese patients is still undescribed. Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the profile of chronic periodontitis (ChP) with that of aggressive periodontitis (AgP) in Congolese patients. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two patients with ChP and 20 with AgP who consulted the dental services at any of the four medical centers in Kinshasa, from April 2017 to April 2018, were enrolled in the cross-sectional study. All patients underwent a full mouth examination, including assessment of the probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level at six sites per tooth. Microbial samples were collected in the deepest pocket in the maxilla and the deepest pocket in the mandible. A deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) analysis was performed using DNA strip technology. Fisher exact test, the chi-square test, the t test, and the Mann–Whitney test were used for the statistical analysis. Results: Patients with AgP were significantly younger than those with ChP (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the prevalence of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, or Prevotella intermedia between the AgP and ChP groups (P > 0.05). Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans was detected in 10% of cases in the AgP group and in none of those in the ChP group (P = 0.143). Conclusion: This study shows that the clinical profiles of ChP and AgP are similar in Congolese patients. There were no microbiological differences between these two forms of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Em Kalala-Kazadi
- Periodontology Unit, Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Selena Toma
- Department of Periodontology, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jérôme F Lasserre
- Department of Periodontology, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Fidèle Nyimi-Bushabu
- Oral and maxillo-facial surgery, Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Hubert Ntumba-Mulumba
- Prosthodontics and Orthodontics Service, Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Michel C Brecx
- Department of Periodontology, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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16
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Iurovschi R, Joaquim CR, de Faveri M, de Miranda TS, Feres M, de Figueiredo LC. Evaluation of the Microbiological Profile of Alveolar Residual Screws and Cleft-Adjacent Teeth in Individuals With Complete Unilateral Fissures. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2020; 57:1182-1189. [PMID: 32748644 DOI: 10.1177/1055665620945568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the microbiota profile of residual alveolar slits and teeth adjacent to the cleft in fissured individuals. DESIGNS This study used a cross-sectional design. PARTICIPANTS Twenty individuals, aged 14 to 24 years, who had a residual fissure in the maxillary alveolar ridge region were selected. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Three sites per individual were selected for microbiological collection (the site of the residual cleft and the 2 nearest teeth). The samples were analyzed using the Checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization technique for 73 species of bacteria. RESULTS All the species analyzed were found in the 2 niches (slits and teeth). The bacterial species present in the largest number in the residual cracks were Prevotella melaninogenica, Prevotella nigrescens, and Streptococcus mitis. With regard to the bacterial profiles in the mesial and distal faces, the most prevalent species were P nigrescens, Veillonella parvula, and Fusobacterium nucleatum sp vicentii. The analysis of all the collected samples demonstrated very similar profiles for the mesial and distal faces, with these 2 sites even presenting the same species in greater frequencies. Higher counts of 20 bacterial species (Wilcoxon test) were observed in the dental niche, in relation to the fissure, particularly, P nigrescens, V parvula, F nucleatum sp vicentii, and Neisseria mucosa. CONCLUSION Some species were significantly more prevalent in the residual alveolar fissures and in adjacent teeth. The comparison between the profiles of the 2 niches demonstrated large differences in the most frequent species in the teeth, and no qualitative differences with regard to specific pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronaldo Iurovschi
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Claudia Regina Joaquim
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo de Faveri
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Magda Feres
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brazil
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17
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Lu H, He L, Xu J, Song W, Feng X, Zhao Y, Meng H. Well-maintained patients with a history of periodontitis still harbor a more dysbiotic microbiome than health. J Periodontol 2020; 91:1584-1594. [PMID: 32490546 DOI: 10.1002/jper.19-0498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It remains unclear whether well-maintained subjects, with periodontitis in the past, effectively treated, and maintained for a long time, have the same subgingival microbiome as healthy subjects. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the characteristics of the subgingival microbiome in well-maintained patients with a history of periodontitis compared with healthy subjects. METHODS We recruited in 17 well-maintained individuals (no evidence of clinical inflammation and progress of periodontitis) and 21 healthy individuals. Periodontal clinical parameters, consisting of missing teeth, plaque index (PLI), periodontal depth (PD), and bleeding index (BI), were recorded and analyzed. The pooled subgingival samples from mesiobuccal sites of two maxillary first molars were collected. The V3-V4 region of 16S rRNA gene from 38 subgingival samples was sequenced and analyzed. Alpha diversity, microbial composition, types of bacteria, functional pathways between well-maintained group and health group were compared using Mann-Whitney U test. Spearman correlation was used in analyzing the symbiotic relationship among taxa. A classification model was constructed to distinguish two ecological types. RESULTS The maintained individuals demonstrated a different microbiome from healthy subjects, with higher diversity, more disordered structure, more pathogenic microbiota, and more host-destructive metabolism pathways. The genera Actinomyces, Streptococcus, Leptotrichia, Capnocytophaga, Lautropia, and Fusobacterium were predominant components with relative abundance >5% in the subgingival microbiome of well-maintained patients. The classification model by microbiota got a remarkable accuracy of 83.33%. CONCLUSIONS Individuals with well-maintained periodontitis showed a more dysbiotic microbial community than healthy individuals. Therefore, close monitoring and scheduled maintenance treatment are necessary for them to maintain a healthy periodontal condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongye Lu
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Lu He
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Jingling Xu
- Department of Stomatology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenli Song
- The Third Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xianghui Feng
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yibing Zhao
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Huanxin Meng
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
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18
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Clinical Detection of Chronic Rhinosinusitis through Next-Generation Sequencing of the Oral Microbiota. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8060959. [PMID: 32604855 PMCID: PMC7356624 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8060959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is the chronic inflammation of the sinus cavities of the upper respiratory tract, which can be caused by a disrupted microbiome. However, the role of the oral microbiome in CRS is not well understood. Polymicrobial and anaerobic infections of CRS frequently increased the difficulty of cultured and antibiotic therapy. This study aimed to elucidate the patterns and clinical feasibility of the oral microbiome in CRS diagnosis. Matched saliva and nasal swabs were collected from 18 CRS patients and 37 saliva specimens from normal volunteers were collected for 16S rRNA sequencing. The α-diversity of the saliva displayed no significant difference between control and CRS patients, whereas the β-diversity was significantly different (p = 0.004). Taxonomic indices demonstrated that Veillonella dispar, Rothia mucilaginosa, and Porphyromonas endodontalis were enriched, while Campylobacter and Cardiobacterium were reduced in the saliva of CRS patients. These microbial markers could significantly distinguish CRS patients from control (AUC = 0.939). It is noted that the 16S rRNA results of the nasal swab were consistent with the nasopharynx aerobic culture, and additionally detected multiple pathogens in CRS patients. In summary, these results indicated these oral microbiomes may provide a novel signal for CRS detection and that NGS may be an alternative approach for CRS diagnosis.
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19
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Miranda SLFD, Damaceno JT, Faveri M, Figueiredo LC, Soares GMS, Feres M, Bueno-Silva B. In Vitro Antimicrobial Effect of Cetylpyridinium Chloride on Complex Multispecies Subgingival Biofilm. Braz Dent J 2020; 31:103-108. [PMID: 32556007 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440202002630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontopathogenic subgingival biofilm is the main etiological agent of periodontitis. Thus, a search for antimicrobials as adjuvant for periodontal treatment in the literature is intense. Cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) is a well-known antimicrobial agent commonly used in mouthrinses. However, CPC effects on a complex biofilm model were not found over the literature. Therefore, the aim of this manuscript is to evaluate 0.075% CPC antimicrobial properties in a multispecies subgingival biofilm model in vitro. The subgingival biofilm composed by 31 species related to periodontitis was formed for 7 days, using the calgary device. The treatments with CPC and chlorhexidine (CHX) 0.12% (as positive control) were performed 2x/day, for 1 min, from day 3 until the end of experimental period, totaling 8 treatments. After 7 days of biofilm formation, biofilm metabolic activity was evaluated by a colorimetric reaction and biofilms microbial composition by DNA-DNA hybridization. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA with data transformed via BOX-COX followed by Dunnett post-hoc. Both CPC and CHX reduced biofilm metabolic activity in 60% and presented antimicrobial activity against 13 different species. Specifically, only CHX reduced levels of F.n. vicentii and P. gingivalis while only CPC reduced A. odontolyticus and A. israelli. CPC was as effective as CHX as antimicrobial through in vitro complex multispecies subgingival biofilm. However, future studies using in vivo models of experimental periodontal disease should be performed to prove such effect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marcelo Faveri
- Dental Research Division, UNG - Universidade Guarulhos, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Magda Feres
- Dental Research Division, UNG - Universidade Guarulhos, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruno Bueno-Silva
- Dental Research Division, UNG - Universidade Guarulhos, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
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Montenegro SCL, Retamal-Valdes B, Bueno-Silva B, Duarte PM, Faveri M, Figueiredo LC, Feres M. Do patients with aggressive and chronic periodontitis exhibit specific differences in the subgingival microbial composition? A systematic review. J Periodontol 2020; 91:1503-1520. [PMID: 32233092 DOI: 10.1002/jper.19-0586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions grouped the diseases previously recognized as chronic (CP) or aggressive (AgP) periodontitis under a single category named periodontitis. The rationale for this decision was the lack of specific patterns of immune-inflammatory response or microbial profiles associated with CP or AgP. However, no previous studies have compiled the results of all studies comparing subgingival microbial data between these clinical conditions. Thus, this systematic review aimed to answer the following focused question: "Do patients with AgP periodontitis present differences in the subgingival microbiota when compared with patients with CP?" METHODS A systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA statement. The MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases were searched up to June 2019 for studies of any design (except case reports, case series, and reviews) comparing subgingival microbial data from patients with CP and AgP. RESULTS A total of 488 articles were identified and 56 were included. Thirteen studies found Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans elevated in AgP in comparison with CP, while Fusobacterium nucleatum, Parvimonas micra, and Campylobacter rectus were elevated in AgP in a few studies. None of these species were elevated in CP. However, the number of studies not showing statistically significant differences between CP and AgP was always higher than that of studies showing differences. CONCLUSION These results suggested an association of A. actinomycetemcomitans with AgP, but neither this species nor the other species studied to date were unique to or could differentiate between CP and AgP (PROSPERO #CRD42016039385).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Belen Retamal-Valdes
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruno Bueno-Silva
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
| | - Poliana Mendes Duarte
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil.,Department of Periodontology, School of Advanced Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Marcelo Faveri
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Magda Feres
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
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The Qualitative and Quantitative Structure of Oral Microbiocenosis in Rats with Periodontitis in a Setting of Hyper- and Hypothyroidism. ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF DIABETES NUTRITION AND METABOLIC DISEASES 2019. [DOI: 10.2478/rjdnmd-2019-0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background and aims. Oral microbial flora is a highly sensitive indicator system producing qualitative and quantitative responses to changes in various individual organs and systems. The aim of study was to perform a comparative analysis of qualitative and quantitative structure of oral microbiocenosis in rats with comorbidity-free periodontitis and in animals with periodontitis in a setting of hyper- and hypothyroidism.
Material and methods. Experimental studies were conducted on 48 mature male white rats. Samples for microbiological tests were taken from dental surfaces (on the border between hard tissue and gums in the interdental spaces). The isolated pure cultures were identified by their morphological, tinctorial, cultural and biochemical properties and the signs of pathogenecity.
Results. We found that the oral dysbiosis occurring in a setting of periodontitis in rats is chiefly characterized by increased quantity of coccal forms and by increased candidal inoculation; these organisms cumulatively inhibit the growth of normal microbial flora, such as Lactobacilli, bacteroids and Bifidobacteria. Thyroid dysfunction exacerbates changes in the qualitative and quantitative structure of oral microbiocenosis.
Conclusions. The periodontitis in a setting of thyroid dysfunction increases both the species variety and the quantitative counts of oral microbial flora, with predominance of such microbial organisms as Staph. aureus, E. coli, E. faecalis, Candida albicans and P. aeruginosa.
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Gonçalves LS, Ferreira DDC, Heng NCK, Vidal F, Santos HF, Zanicotti DG, Vasconcellos M, Stambovsky M, Lawley B, Rubini NDPM, Santos KRN, Seymour GJ. Oral bacteriome of HIV‐1‐infected children from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: Next‐generation DNA sequencing analysis. J Clin Periodontol 2019; 46:1192-1204. [DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucio Souza Gonçalves
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Odontologia Universidade Estácio de Sá Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Dennis de Carvalho Ferreira
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Odontologia Universidade Estácio de Sá Rio de Janeiro Brazil
- Universidade Veiga de Almeida Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | | | - Fabio Vidal
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Odontologia Universidade Estácio de Sá Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Blair Lawley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand
| | | | - Katia Regina Netto Santos
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
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Abstract
Periodontal disease (PD) is a common dental disease associated with the interaction between dysbiotic oral microbiota and host immunity. It is a prevalent disease, resulting in loss of gingival tissue, periodontal ligament, cementum and alveolar bone. PD is a major form of tooth loss in the adult population. Experimental animal models have enabled the study of PD pathogenesis and are used to test new therapeutic approaches for treating the disease. The ligature-induced periodontitis model has several advantages as compared with other models, including rapid disease induction, predictable bone loss and the capacity to study periodontal tissue and alveolar bone regeneration because the model is established within the periodontal apparatus. Although mice are the most convenient and versatile animal models used in research, ligature-induced periodontitis has been more frequently used in large animals. This is mostly due to the technical challenges involved in consistently placing ligatures around murine teeth. To reduce the technical challenge associated with the traditional ligature model, we previously developed a simplified method to easily install a bacterially retentive ligature between two molars for inducing periodontitis. In this protocol, we provide detailed instructions for placement of the ligature and demonstrate how the model can be used to evaluate gingival tissue inflammation and alveolar bone loss over a period of 18 d after ligature placement. This model can also be used on germ-free mice to investigate the role of human oral bacteria in periodontitis in vivo. In conclusion, this protocol enables the mechanistic study of the pathogenesis of periodontitis in vivo.
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Abe K, Takahashi A, Fujita M, Imaizumi H, Hayashi M, Okai K, Ohira H. Dysbiosis of oral microbiota and its association with salivary immunological biomarkers in autoimmune liver disease. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198757. [PMID: 29969462 PMCID: PMC6029758 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota has recently been recognized to play a role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune liver disease (AILD), mainly primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). This study aimed to analyze and compare the composition of the oral microbiota of 56 patients with AILD and 15 healthy controls (HCs) and to evaluate its association with salivary immunological biomarkers and gut microbiota. The subjects included 39 patients with PBC and 17 patients with AIH diagnosed at our hospital. The control population comprised 15 matched HCs. Salivary and fecal samples were collected for analysis of the microbiome by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism of 16S rDNA. Correlations between immunological biomarkers measured by Bio-Plex assay (Bio-Rad) and the oral microbiomes of patients with PBC and AIH were assessed. Patients with AIH showed a significant increase in Veillonella with a concurrent decrease in Streptococcus in the oral microbiota compared with the HCs. Patients with PBC showed significant increases in Eubacterium and Veillonella and a significant decrease in Fusobacterium in the oral microbiota compared with the HCs. Immunological biomarker analysis showed elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-8) and immunoglobulin A in the saliva of patients with AILD. The relative abundance of Veillonella was positively correlated with the levels of IL-1β, IL-8 and immunoglobulin A in saliva and the relative abundance of Lactobacillales in feces. Dysbiosis of the oral microbiota is associated with inflammatory responses and reflects changes in the gut microbiota of patients with AILD. Dysbiosis may play an important role in the pathogenesis of AILD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazumichi Abe
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanawa Kosei Hospital, Higashishirakawa, Japan
| | - Atsushi Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Masashi Fujita
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Imaizumi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Manabu Hayashi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Ken Okai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Ohira
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
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Fine DH, Patil AG, Loos BG. Classification and diagnosis of aggressive periodontitis. J Periodontol 2018; 89 Suppl 1:S103-S119. [DOI: 10.1002/jper.16-0712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel H. Fine
- Department of Oral Biology; Rutgers School of Dental Medicine; Rutgers University - Newark; NJ USA
| | - Amey G. Patil
- Department of Oral Biology; Rutgers School of Dental Medicine; Rutgers University - Newark; NJ USA
| | - Bruno G. Loos
- Department of Periodontology; Academic Center of Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA); University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit; Amsterdam The Netherlands
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Fine DH, Patil AG, Loos BG. Classification and diagnosis of aggressive periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol 2018; 45 Suppl 20:S95-S111. [DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel H. Fine
- Department of Oral Biology; Rutgers School of Dental Medicine; Rutgers University - Newark; NJ USA
| | - Amey G. Patil
- Department of Oral Biology; Rutgers School of Dental Medicine; Rutgers University - Newark; NJ USA
| | - Bruno G. Loos
- Department of Periodontology; Academic Center of Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA); University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit; Amsterdam The Netherlands
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Interleukin-10 polymorphisms affect the key periodontal pathogens in Chinese periodontitis patients. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9068. [PMID: 29899423 PMCID: PMC5997982 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26236-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-10 (IL-10) polymorphisms have been shown to affect IL-10 production. This study investigated the influences of IL-10 polymorphisms on the susceptibility to chronic periodontitis (CP) and aggressive periodontitis (AP), and their possible role in the quantity of subgingival bacteria Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis. 92 CP patients, 83 AP patients and 91 periodontal healthy controls were recruited. Serum IL-10 concentration was analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Gene polymorphisms were determined by multiplex SNaPshot technique. Bacteria were quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction with TaqMan MGB probes. Taking into account age, gender and periodontal status, IL-10-592 AA, -819 TT and ATA/ATA genotype occurred more frequently in patients with CP than in healthy controls. In CP cases, higher quantity of subgingival A. actinomycetemcomitans and lower serum IL-10 levels could be detected in homozygous ATA/ATA carriers. These findings indicate that variants in IL-10 promoter gene were not only associated with predisposition to chronic periodontitis but also affected the subgingival number of A. Actinomycetemcomitans in a Chinese Han population.
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Shi M, Wei Y, Hu W, Nie Y, Wu X, Lu R. The Subgingival Microbiome of Periodontal Pockets With Different Probing Depths in Chronic and Aggressive Periodontitis: A Pilot Study. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2018; 8:124. [PMID: 29765908 PMCID: PMC5938363 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2018.00124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a kind of infectious disease initiated by colonization of subgingival periodontal pathogens, which cause destruction of tooth-supporting tissues, and is a predominant threat to oral health as the most common cause of loss of teeth. The aim of this pilot study was to characterize the subgingival bacterial biodiversity of periodontal pockets with different probing depths in patients with different forms of periodontitis. Twenty-one subgingival plaque samples were collected from three patients with chronic periodontitis (ChP), three patients with aggressive periodontitis (AgP) and three periodontally healthy subjects (PH). Each patient with periodontitis was sampled at three sites, at different probing depths (PDs, one each at 4 mm, 5–6 mm, and ≥ 7 mm). Using 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatic analysis, we found that subgingival communities in health and periodontitis samples largely differed. Meanwhile, Acholeplasma, Fretibacterium, Porphyromonas, Peptococcus, Treponema_2, Defluviitaleaceae_UCG_011, Filifactor, and Mycoplasma increased with the deepening of the pockets in ChP, whilst only Corynebacterium was negatively associated with PD. In AgP, Corynebacterium and Klebsiella were positively associated with PD, while Serratia, Pseudoramibacter, Defluviitaleaceae_UCG_011, and Desulfobulbus were negatively associated with PD. And among these two groups, Corynebacterium shifted differently. Moreover, in subgingival plaque, the unweighted UniFrac distances between samples from pockets with different PD in the same patients were significantly lower than those from pockets within the same PD category from different patients. This study demonstrated the shift of the subgingival microbiome in individual teeth sites during disease development. Within the limitation of the relative small sample size, this pilot study shed new light on the dynamic relationship between the extent of periodontal destruction and the subgingival microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Shi
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yiping Wei
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjie Hu
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Nie
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Department of Energy and Resources Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolei Wu
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Department of Energy and Resources Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruifang Lu
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
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Ferreira MVM, Cavalcanti ÉFF, PM Rubini ND, Ferreira DC, Gonçalves LS, V Colombo AP. Oral status and periodontal microbiota of HIV-infected youth infected by vertical transmission. Future Virol 2018. [DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2018-0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Aim: This study evaluated the oral status and microbiota of HIV+ youth infected by vertical transmission. Materials & methods: 34 HIV+ and 36 HIV- individuals (14–24 years of age) were examined for oral infections/lesions. Subgingival biofilm was collected and the microbiota determined by checkerboard DNA–DNA hybridization. Results: Over 90% of the HIV+ youth were under highly active antiretroviral therapy, but 64.6% had AIDS and 47% presented oral manifestations. HIV+ youth showed more periodontal attachment loss and inflammation than HIV- (p < 0.05), and also high prevalence of caries. Most species were detected in higher prevalence in the microbiota of HIV+ than controls. Conclusion: HIV+ youth infected by vertical transmission presented more periodontal destruction and inflammation, and greater prevalence of microbial pathogens compared with HIV- individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana VM Ferreira
- School of Dentistry, Department of Clinics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Édila FF Cavalcanti
- School of Dentistry, Department of Clinics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Norma de PM Rubini
- Department of Allergy & Immunology, Gafrée e Guinle University Hospital, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Dennis C Ferreira
- School of Dentistry, Estácio de Sá University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Lucio S Gonçalves
- School of Dentistry, Estácio de Sá University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula V Colombo
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Passariello C, Gigola P, Testarelli L, Puttini M, Schippa S, Petti S. Evaluation of microbiota associated with Herpesviruses in active sites of generalized aggressive periodontitis. ANNALI DI STOMATOLOGIA 2017; 8:59-70. [PMID: 29299190 DOI: 10.11138/ads/2017.8.2.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Aims The present study aimed to investigate microbial patterns associated with disease progression and coinfection by different Herpesviruses in generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAP). Methods Microbiological samples were obtained from active (AS) and non-active (n-AS) sites in 165 subjects affected by GAP and were analyzed for 40 bacterial species by the Checkerboard DNA-DNA Hybridization technique and for Herpes simplex 1 (HSV-1), Human Cytomegalovirus (CMV), and Epstein Bar virus (EBV) by PCR.Common Factor Analysis and Multiple Regression Analysis were applied to disclose specific microbial patterns associated with the three viruses. Results Herpesviruses were detected in 37.6% of subjects. Detection of each of the searched viruses was associated with specific patterns of subgingival biofilm in AS. Logistic regression analyses evidenced several virus/bacteria associations: i) EBV with Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans; ii) CMV with A. actinomycetemcomitans, Veillonella parvula, Parvimonas micra and Fusobacterium nucleatum subsp. polymorphum; iii) HSV-1 with Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Fusobacterium periodonticum and Staphylococcus aureus. Conclusions Microbiological data suggest that Herpesviruses are probably not mere spectators of disease progression and that specific patterns of subgingival plaque are correlated with the presence of different Herpesviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Passariello
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, " Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Pierangelo Gigola
- Department of Medical-Surgical Specialties, Radiologic and Public Health Sciences University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Luca Testarelli
- Department of Odontostomatologic and Maxillo-Facial Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Serena Schippa
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, " Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Petti
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, " Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Metagenomic and metatranscriptomic analysis of saliva reveals disease-associated microbiota in patients with periodontitis and dental caries. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2017; 3:23. [PMID: 28979798 PMCID: PMC5624903 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-017-0031-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The taxonomic composition of the salivary microbiota has been reported to differentiate between oral health and disease. However, information on bacterial activity and gene expression of the salivary microbiota is limited. The purpose of this study was to perform metagenomic and metatranscriptomic characterization of the salivary microbiota and test the hypothesis that salivary microbial presence and activity could be an indicator of the oral health status. Stimulated saliva samples were collected from 30 individuals (periodontitis: n = 10, dental caries: n = 10, oral health: n = 10). Salivary microbiota was characterized using metagenomics and metatranscriptomics in order to compare community composition and the gene expression between the three groups. Streptococcus was the predominant bacterial genus constituting approx. 25 and 50% of all DNA and RNA reads, respectively. A significant disease-associated higher relative abundance of traditional periodontal pathogens such as Porphyromonas gingivalis and Filifactor alocis and salivary microbial activity of F. alocis was associated with periodontitis. Significantly higher relative abundance of caries-associated bacteria such as Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus fermentum was identified in saliva from patients with dental caries. Multiple genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism were significantly more expressed in healthy controls compared to periodontitis patients. Using metagenomics and metatranscriptomics we show that relative abundance of specific oral bacterial species and bacterial gene expression in saliva associates with periodontitis and dental caries. Further longitudinal studies are warranted to evaluate if screening of salivary microbial activity of specific oral bacterial species and metabolic gene expression can identify periodontitis and dental caries at preclinical stages. Genetic analysis of saliva reveals the activity of bacteria linked to gum disease and tooth decay and may prove useful in early diagnosis. Daniel Belstrøm and colleagues at the University of Copenhagen, Denmark, with co-workers at Nanyang Technological University in Singapore, analyzed saliva from 10 patients with periodontitis gum disease, 10 with dental caries and 10 with good oral health. DNA analysis revealed which bacteria were present, while examining RNA revealed which bacterial genes were most active. The procedure identified greater abundance and activity of bacteria linked to each specific oral condition in the oral disease groups, and also found distinctive bacterial activity in those people with good oral health. Further studies should investigate the possibility of testing bacterial gene activity in saliva to identify oral diseases before they become clinically evident.
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Belstrøm D, Sembler-Møller ML, Grande MA, Kirkby N, Cotton SL, Paster BJ, Holmstrup P. Microbial profile comparisons of saliva, pooled and site-specific subgingival samples in periodontitis patients. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182992. [PMID: 28800622 PMCID: PMC5553731 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The purpose of this study was to compare microbial profiles of saliva, pooled and site-specific subgingival samples in patients with periodontitis. We tested the hypotheses that saliva can be an alternative to pooled subgingival samples, when screening for presence of periopathogens. Design Site specific subgingival plaque samples (n = 54), pooled subgingival plaque samples (n = 18) and stimulated saliva samples (n = 18) were collected from 18 patients with generalized chronic periodontitis. Subgingival and salivary microbiotas were characterized by means of HOMINGS (Human Oral Microbe Identification using Next Generation Sequencing) and microbial community profiles were compared using Spearman rank correlation coefficient. Results Pronounced intraindividual differences were recorded in site-specific microbial profiles, and site-specific information was in general not reflected by pooled subgingival samples. Presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, Prevotella intermedia, Filifactor alocis, Tannerella forsythia and Parvimona micra in site-specific subgingival samples were detected in saliva with an AUC of 0.79 (sensitivity: 0.61, specificity: 0.94), compared to an AUC of 0.76 (sensitivity: 0.56, specificity: 0.94) in pooled subgingival samples. Conclusions Site-specific presence of periodontal pathogens was detected with comparable accuracy in stimulated saliva samples and pooled subgingival plaque samples. Consequently, saliva may be a reasonable surrogate for pooled subgingival samples when screening for presence of periopathogens. Future large-scale studies are needed to confirm findings from this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Belstrøm
- Section for Periodontology, Microbiology, and Community Dentistry, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- * E-mail:
| | - Maria Lynn Sembler-Møller
- Section for Oral Medicine, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maria Anastasia Grande
- Section for Periodontology, Microbiology, and Community Dentistry, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nikolai Kirkby
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Bruce J. Paster
- The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection & Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Palle Holmstrup
- Section for Periodontology, Microbiology, and Community Dentistry, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Knapp S, Brodal C, Peterson J, Qi F, Kreth J, Merritt J. Natural Competence Is Common among Clinical Isolates of Veillonella parvula and Is Useful for Genetic Manipulation of This Key Member of the Oral Microbiome. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2017; 7:139. [PMID: 28473967 PMCID: PMC5397411 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The six Veillonella species found in the human oral cavity are among the most abundant members of the oral flora, occurring in both supra- and subgingival dental plaque as well as on the oral mucosa. Epidemiological data have also implicated these species in the development of the most common oral diseases. Despite their ubiquity, abundance, and ecological significance, surprisingly little is known about Veillonella biology, largely due to the difficulties associated with their genetic manipulation. In an effort to improve genetic analyses of Veillonella species, we isolated a collection of veillonellae from clinical plaque samples and screened for natural competence using a newly developed transformation protocol. Numerous strains of V. parvula were found to exhibit a natural competence ability that was highly influenced by growth medium composition. By exploiting this ability, we were able to utilize cloning-independent allelic exchange mutagenesis to identify the likely source of DNA uptake machinery within a locus homologous to type II secretion systems (T2SS). Interestingly, V. parvula natural competence was found to exhibit a clear hierarchy of preference for different sources of DNA (plasmid < PCR product < genomic DNA), which is unlike most naturally competent species. Genomic comparisons with other members of the Veillonellaceae family suggest that natural competence is likely to be widely distributed within this group. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first demonstration of natural competence and targeted allelic exchange mutagenesis within the entire Veillonellaceae family and demonstrates a simple and rapid method to study Veillonella genetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Knapp
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science UniversityPortland, OR, USA
| | - Clint Brodal
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science UniversityPortland, OR, USA
| | - John Peterson
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science UniversityPortland, OR, USA
| | - Fengxia Qi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Science CenterOklahoma, OK, USA
| | - Jens Kreth
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science UniversityPortland, OR, USA
| | - Justin Merritt
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science UniversityPortland, OR, USA.,Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health and Science UniversityPortland, OR, USA
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Taniguchi M, Ochiai A. Characterization and production of multifunctional cationic peptides derived from rice proteins. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2017; 81:634-650. [DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2016.1277944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Food proteins have been identified as a source of bioactive peptides. These peptides are inactive within the sequence of the parent protein and must be released during gastrointestinal digestion, fermentation, or food processing. Of bioactive peptides, multifunctional cationic peptides are more useful than other peptides that have specific activity in promotion of health and/or the treatment of diseases. We have identified and characterized cationic peptides from rice enzymes and proteins that possess multiple functions, including antimicrobial, endotoxin-neutralizing, arginine gingipain-inhibitory, and/or angiogenic activities. In particular, we have elucidated the contribution of cationic amino acids (arginine and lysine) in the peptides to their bioactivities. Further, we have discussed the critical parameters, particularly proteinase preparations and fractionation or purification, in the enzymatic hydrolysis process for producing bioactive peptides from food proteins. Using an ampholyte-free isoelectric focusing (autofocusing) technique as a tool for fractionation, we successfully prepared fractions containing cationic peptides with multiple functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Taniguchi
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Akihito Ochiai
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
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Espíndola LCP, Colombo APV. Lack of adjunctive effect of 0.1% sodium hypochlorite mouthwash combined to full-mouth ultrasonic debridement on supragingival plaque, gingival inflammation, and subgingival microbiota: A randomized placebo-controlled 6-month trial. Clin Exp Dent Res 2017; 3:51-61. [PMID: 29744179 PMCID: PMC5719817 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To test the adjunctive effect of 0.1% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) mouthwash combined to full‐mouth ultrasonic debridement (FMUD) on reducing supragingival plaque, gingival inflammation, and microbial pathogens. In this 6‐month double‐blinded randomized clinical trial, individuals with gingivitis were assigned to test (n = 16) or placebo group (n = 16) and received FMUD followed by rinsing with 0.1% NaOCl (test) or distilled water (placebo), respectively, twice a day for 1 month. Full‐mouth periodontal examination was performed at baseline, 1, 3, and 6 months posttherapy, and subgingival plaque samples were obtained at the same time points and analysed for their composition by checkerboard. Differences between groups over time were examined by Student t test, Mann–Whitney, generalized linear model, and Friedman and chi‐square tests. Both therapeutic protocols resulted in significant clinical improvement in periodontal parameters over time, except for probing depth and attachment level, which had a slight mean increase of 0.2 mm (p < .01). No significant differences between groups were observed for any clinical parameter (p > .05). Most species (>65%) decreased similarly in levels in both groups over time. Significant reductions in the microbial complexes were seen mainly at 1 and 3 months, but they returned to baseline levels in both groups, except for the red and yellow complexes, and other oral species, which were kept in low levels at 6 months (p < .05). A 0.1% NaOCl mouthwash did not provide additional benefits to FMUD in reducing supragingival plaque, gingivitis, and/or microbial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laís Christina Pontes Espíndola
- Department of Clinics, School of Dentistry Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Brazil.,Department of Medical Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Vieira Colombo
- Department of Clinics, School of Dentistry Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Brazil.,Department of Medical Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Brazil
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Feres M, Figueiredo LC, Soares GMS, Faveri M. Systemic antibiotics in the treatment of periodontitis. Periodontol 2000 2017; 67:131-86. [PMID: 25494600 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Despite the fact that several clinical studies have shown additional benefits when certain systemic antibiotics are used as adjuncts to periodontal treatment, clear guidelines for the use of these agents in the clinical practice are not yet available. Basic questions concerning the use of systemic antibiotics to treat periodontitis remain unanswered, such as: which drug(s) should be used; which patients would most benefit from treatment; which are the most effective protocols (i.e. doses and durations); and in which phase of the mechanical therapy should the drug(s) be administered? Although not all of those questions have been directly addressed by controlled randomized clinical trials, recent concepts related to the ecology of periodontal diseases, as well as the major advances in laboratory and clinical research methods that have occurred in the past decade, have significantly broadened our knowledge in this field. This article endeavored to provide a 'state of the art' overview on the use of systemic antibiotics in the treatment of periodontitis, based on the most recent literature on the topic as well as on a compilation of data from studies conducted at the Center of Clinical Trials at Guarulhos University (São Paulo, Brazil) from 2002 to 2012.
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Mashima I, Theodorea CF, Thaweboon B, Thaweboon S, Nakazawa F. Identification of Veillonella Species in the Tongue Biofilm by Using a Novel One-Step Polymerase Chain Reaction Method. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157516. [PMID: 27326455 PMCID: PMC4915624 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Six Veillonella species have been frequently isolated from human oral cavities including infectious sites. Recently, it was reported that diet, smoking, and possibly socioeconomic status can influence the bacterial profile in oral cavities. In addition, oral hygiene habits may also influence oral microbiota in terms of both numbers and diversity of microorganisms. In this study, the identification of Veillonella species in tongue biofilms of Thai children, divided into three groups dependent on their status of oral hygiene. For this, we used a novel one-step PCR method with species-specific primer sets based on sequences of the rpoB gene. As shown in the results, the number of isolates of Veillonella species was 101 strains from only 10 of 89 subjects. However, the total number of bacteria was high for all subjects. Since it was reported in previous studies that Veillonella species were easy to isolate in human tongue biofilms at high numbers, the results obtained in this study may suggest country- or age-specific differences. Moreover, Veillonella species were detected predominantly in subjects who had poor oral hygiene compared to those with good or moderate oral hygiene. From these results, there is a possibility that Veillonella species may be an index of oral hygiene status. Furthermore, V. rogosae was a predominant species in tongue biofilms of Thai children, whereas V. parvula and V. denticariosi were not isolated at all. These characteristics of the distribution and frequency of Veillonella species are similar to those reported in previous studies. Although further studies are needed in other countries, in this study, a successful novel one-step PCR method was established to detect Veillonella species in human oral cavities easily and effectively. Furthermore, this is the first report investigating the distribution and frequency of Veillonella species in tongue biofilms of Thai children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izumi Mashima
- Postdoctoral Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, 5-3-1, Kouji-machi, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo, 102-0083, Japan
- Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan
| | - Citra Fragrantia Theodorea
- Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Indonesia, Jalan Salemba Raya No. 4, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Boonyanit Thaweboon
- Department of Oral Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, 6 Yothi Street, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Sroisiri Thaweboon
- Department of Oral Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, 6 Yothi Street, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Futoshi Nakazawa
- Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Takayama S, Hashimoto K, Kokubu E, Taniguchi M, Tajima K, Ochiai A, Saitoh E, Saito A, Ishihara K, Kato T. Inhibitory effects of a novel cationic dodecapeptide [CL(14–25)] derived from cyanate lyase of rice on endotoxic activities of LPSs from Escherichia coli and periodontopathic Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Microb Pathog 2016; 94:2-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2015.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Corrêa JD, Saraiva AM, Queiroz-Junior CM, Madeira MFM, Duarte PM, Teixeira MM, Souza DG, da Silva TA. Arthritis-induced alveolar bone loss is associated with changes in the composition of oral microbiota. Anaerobe 2016; 39:91-6. [PMID: 26996070 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2016.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Revised: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and periodontitis (PD) are chronic inflammatory disorders that cause bone loss. PD tends to be more prevalent and severe in RA patients. Previous experimental studies demonstrated that RA triggers alveolar bone loss similarly to PD. The aim of this study was to investigate if arthritis-induced alveolar bone loss is associated with modification in the oral microbiota. Checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization was employed to analyze forty oral bacterial species in 3 groups of C57BL/6 mice: control (n = 12; without any challenge); Y4 (n = 8; received oral inoculation of Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans strain FDC Y4) and AIA group (n = 12; chronic antigen-induced arthritis). The results showed that AIA and Y4 group exhibited similar patterns of bone loss. The AIA group exhibited higher counts of most bacterial species analyzed with predominance of Gram-negative species similarly to infection-induced PD. Prevotella nigrescens and Treponema denticola were detected only in the Y4 group whereas Campylobacter showae, Streptococcus mitis and Streptococcus oralis were only found in the AIA group. Counts of Parvimonas micra, Selenomonas Noxia and Veillonella parvula were greater in the AIA group whereas Actinomyces viscosus and Neisseira mucosa were in large proportion in Y4 group. In conclusion, AIA is associated with changes in the composition of the oral microbiota, which might account for the alveolar bone loss observed in AIA mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jôice Dias Corrêa
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Adriana Machado Saraiva
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Celso Martins Queiroz-Junior
- Department of Morphology, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mila Fernandes Moreira Madeira
- Department of Microbiology, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Poliana Mendes Duarte
- Department of Periodontology, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade de Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mauro Martins Teixeira
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Danielle Glória Souza
- Department of Microbiology, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Tarcília Aparecida da Silva
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Involvement of luxS in Biofilm Formation by Capnocytophaga ochracea. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147114. [PMID: 26800339 PMCID: PMC4723239 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Capnocytophaga ochracea is present in the dental plaque biofilm of patients with periodontitis. Biofilm cells change their phenotype through quorum sensing in response to fluctuations in cell-population density. Quorum sensing is mediated by auto-inducers (AIs). AI-2 is involved in intercellular signaling, and production of its distant precursor is catalyzed by LuxS, an enzyme involved in the activated methyl cycle. Our aim was to clarify the role of LuxS in biofilm formation by C. ochracea. Two luxS-deficient mutants, TmAI2 and LKT7, were constructed from C. ochracea ATCC 27872 by homologous recombination. The mutants produced significantly less AI-2 than the wild type. The growth rates of these mutants were similar to that of the wild-type in both undiluted Tryptic soy broth and 0.5 × Tryptic soy broth. However, according to crystal violet staining, they produced significantly less biofilm than the wild type. Confocal laser scanning microscopy and scanning electron microscopy showed that the biofilm of the TmAI2 strain had a rougher structure than that of the wild type. Complementation of TmAI-2 with extrinsic AI-2 from the culture supernatant of wild-type strain did not restore biofilm formation by the TmAI2 strain, but complementation of LKT7 strain with luxS partially restored biofilm formation. These results indicate that LuxS is involved in biofilm formation by C. ochracea, and that the attenuation of biofilm formation by the mutants is likely caused by a defect in the activated methyl cycle rather than by a loss of AI-2.
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Microbial Diversity in the Early In Vivo-Formed Dental Biofilm. Appl Environ Microbiol 2016; 82:1881-8. [PMID: 26746720 DOI: 10.1128/aem.03984-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the mature dental biofilm composition is well studied, there is very little information on the earliest phase of in vivo tooth colonization. Progress in dental biofilm collection methodologies and techniques of large-scale microbial identification have made new studies in this field of oral biology feasible. The aim of this study was to characterize the temporal changes and diversity of the cultivable and noncultivable microbes in the early dental biofilm. Samples of early dental biofilm were collected from 11 healthy subjects at 0, 2, 4, and 6 h after removal of plaque and pellicle from tooth surfaces. With the semiquantitative Human Oral Microbiome Identification Microarray (HOMIM) technique, which is based on 16S rRNA sequence hybridizations, plaque samples were analyzed with the currently available 407 HOMIM microbial probes. This led to the identification of at least 92 species, with streptococci being the most abundant bacteria across all time points in all subjects. High-frequency detection was also made with Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Gemella haemolysans, Slackia exigua, and Rothia species. Abundance changes over time were noted for Streptococcus anginosus and Streptococcus intermedius (P = 0.02), Streptococcus mitis bv. 2 (P = 0.0002), Streptococcus oralis (P = 0.0002), Streptococcus cluster I (P = 0.003), G. haemolysans (P = 0.0005), and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (P = 0.02). Among the currently uncultivable microbiota, eight phylotypes were detected in the early stages of biofilm formation, one belonging to the candidate bacterial division TM7, which has attracted attention due to its potential association with periodontal disease.
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The interaction between Streptococcus spp. and Veillonella tobetsuensis in the early stages of oral biofilm formation. J Bacteriol 2015; 197:2104-2111. [PMID: 25917902 DOI: 10.1128/jb.02512-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental plaque is a multispecies oral biofilm, the development of which is initiated by adherence of the pioneer Streptococcus spp. Oral Veillonella spp., including V. atypica, V. denticariosi, V. dispar, V. parvula, V. rogosae, and V. tobetsuensis, are known as early colonizers in oral biofilm formation. These species have been reported to co-aggregate with Streptococcus spp. in a metabolic cooperation-dependent manner to form biofilms in human oral cavities, especially in the early stages of biofilm formation. However, in our previous study, Streptococcus gordonii showed biofilm formation to the greatest extent in the presence of V. tobetsuensis, without co-aggregation between species. These results suggest that V. tobetsuensis produces signaling molecules that promote the proliferation of S. gordonii in biofilm formation. It is well known in many bacterial species that the quorum-sensing (QS) system regulates diverse functions such as biofilm formation. However, little is known about the QS system with autoinducers (AIs), between Veillonella and Streptococcus. Recently, AI-1 and AI-2 were detected and identified in the culture supernatants of V. tobetsuensis as strong signaling molecules in biofilm formation with S. gordonii. In particular, the supernatant from V. tobetsuensis showed the highest AI-2 activity among 6 oral Veillonella species, indicating that AIs, mainly AI-2, produced by V. tobetsuensis may be important factors and may facilitate biofilm formation of S. gordonii. Clarifying the mechanism that underlies the QS system between S. gordonii and V. tobetsuensis may lead to the development of novel methods for the prevention of oral infectious diseases caused by oral biofilms.
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Sánchez GA, Acquier AB, De Couto A, Busch L, Mendez CF. Association between Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis in subgingival plaque and clinical parameters, in Argentine patients with aggressive periodontitis. Microb Pathog 2015; 82:31-6. [PMID: 25812474 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2015.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Revised: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) and Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) have been associated with aggressive (AgP) and chronic periodontitis. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of Aa and Pg in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of patients with AgP and its relation with clinical parameters. DESIGN Sixteen females and fourteen males with clinical diagnosis of AgP aged 17-23 years and their match's controls, were included in this study. Clinical recording concerning probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level, plaque index and gingival bleeding index were performed at baseline, 30 and 60 days after baseline. After clinical examination GCF samples were analyzed for Aa and Pg with a real-time polymerase chain reaction technique. Patients group was treated with a combined of mechanical and oral antibiotic therapy (doxycycline 100 mg/day, during 21 days). A multivariate analysis was used to determine the relationship between Aa and Pg counts with clinical parameters. RESULTS GCF from all subjects was positive for Aa and PG. In controls Pg concentration was higher than Aa (Pg: 42,420 ± 3,034 copies/ml; Aa: 66.6 ± 5.4 copies/ml p < 0.001) while in patients both microbes showed the same concentration (Aa: 559,878 ± 39,698 Pg: 572,321 ± 58,752). A significant and positive correlation was observed between counts of Aa and Pg (R square: 0.7965, p < 0.0001). Female showed more counts/ml. Aa might be closely associated with clinical parameters while Pg did not. At 30 and 60 days Aa counts in patients were similar to controls while Pg counts were equal to baseline. However, in spite of Pg presence a clinical improvement was observed in all patients. CONCLUSIONS In our population the presence of Aa may be associated with AgP while Pg may be in GCF as an opportunistic pathogen which might caused disease when the ecological balance was favorable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel A Sánchez
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Andrea B Acquier
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandra De Couto
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lucila Busch
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carlos F Mendez
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Chahboun H, Arnau MM, Herrera D, Sanz M, Ennibi OK. Bacterial profile of aggressive periodontitis in Morocco: a cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health 2015; 15:25. [PMID: 25888404 PMCID: PMC4367901 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-015-0006-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Aggressive periodontitis (AgP) is one of the most severe forms of periodontal diseases. In Morocco, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans has been strongly associated with AgP, however limited knowledge is available about the implication of other periodontal pathogens in this entity. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to evaluate the composition of the subgingival microbiota in Moroccan patients with AgP. Methods Subgingival plaque samples were collected from 50 aggressive, 13 localized and 37 generalized periodontitis patients. Samples from 20 chronic periodontitis (ChP) patients were taken as controls. Samples collected from the four deepest periodontal pockets in each patient were pooled in pre-reduced transport fluid and examined by culture. Results A. actinomycetemcomitans was significantly more frequent (p = 0.004) in generalised AgP compared to ChP, and Porphyromonas gingivalis was less prevalent in localized AgP, when compared with generalized AgP (p = 0.040) or ChP (p = 0.016). Prevotella intermedia, Fusobacterium nucleatum and Tannerella forsythia were also frequently detected in all groups. Mean proportions of A. actinomycetemcomitans were significantly higher in AgP groups, when compared to ChP, and generalized AgP patients harbored significantly higher proportions of P. gingivalis and T. forsythia, when compared to localized AgP or ChP. Conclusions A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, T. forsythia, P. intermedia and F. nucleatum were frequently detected in this Moroccan population with AgP. Differences in frequency of detection, counts and proportions of A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis and T. forsythia suggests the presence of distinct microbiological profiles for localized AgP, generalized AgP and ChP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanane Chahboun
- EREB (Research Group of Oral Ecosystem), Faculty of Medicine Dentistry, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Maria Minguez Arnau
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal Diseases) Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain.
| | - David Herrera
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal Diseases) Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Mariano Sanz
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal Diseases) Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Oum Keltoum Ennibi
- EREB (Research Group of Oral Ecosystem), Faculty of Medicine Dentistry, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco.
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Noble JM, Scarmeas N, Celenti RS, Elkind MSV, Wright CB, Schupf N, Papapanou PN. Serum IgG antibody levels to periodontal microbiota are associated with incident Alzheimer disease. PLoS One 2014; 9:e114959. [PMID: 25522313 PMCID: PMC4270775 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Periodontitis and Alzheimer disease (AD) are associated with systemic inflammation. This research studied serum IgG to periodontal microbiota as possible predictors of incident AD. Methods Using a case-cohort study design, 219 subjects (110 incident AD cases and 109 controls without incident cognitive impairment at last follow-up), matched on race-ethnicity, were drawn from the Washington Heights-Inwood Columbia Aging Project (WHICAP), a cohort of longitudinally followed northern Manhattan residents aged >65 years. Mean follow-up was five years (SD 2.6). In baseline sera, serum IgG levels were determined for bacteria known to be positively or negatively associated with periodontitis (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans Y4, Treponema denticola, Campylobacter rectus, Eubacterium nodatum, and Actinomyces naeslundii genospecies-2). In all analyses, we used antibody threshold levels shown to correlate with presence of moderate-severe periodontitis. Results Mean age was 72 years (SD 6.9) for controls, and 79 years (SD 4.6) for cases (p<0.001). Non-Hispanic Whites comprised 26%, non-Hispanic Blacks 27%, and Hispanics 48% of the sample. In a model adjusting for baseline age, sex, education, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, smoking, prior history of stroke, and apolipoprotein E genotype, high anti-A. naeslundii titer (>640 ng/ml, present in 10% of subjects) was associated with increased risk of AD (HR = 2.0, 95%CI: 1.1–3.8). This association was stronger after adjusting for other significant titers (HR = 3.1, 95%CI: 1.5–6.4). In this model, high anti-E. nodatum IgG (>1755 ng/ml; 19% of subjects) was associated with lower risk of AD (HR = 0.5, 95%CI: 0.2–0.9). Conclusions Serum IgG levels to common periodontal microbiota are associated with risk for developing incident AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- James M. Noble
- Taub Institute for Alzheimer Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Nikolaos Scarmeas
- Taub Institute for Alzheimer Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Social Medicine, Psychiatry, and Neurology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Romanita S. Celenti
- Division of Periodontics, Section of Oral and Diagnostic Sciences, Columbia University College of Dental Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Mitchell S. V. Elkind
- Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Clinton B. Wright
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, Departments of Neurology and Epidemiology & Public Health Sciences, and the Neuroscience Program, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Nicole Schupf
- Taub Institute for Alzheimer Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Panos N. Papapanou
- Division of Periodontics, Section of Oral and Diagnostic Sciences, Columbia University College of Dental Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
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Contreras A, Moreno SM, Jaramillo A, Pelaez M, Duque A, Botero JE, Slots J. Periodontal microbiology in Latin America. Periodontol 2000 2014; 67:58-86. [DOI: 10.1111/prd.12074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Kulkarni C, Kinane DF. Host response in aggressive periodontitis. Periodontol 2000 2014; 65:79-91. [DOI: 10.1111/prd.12017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Vieira AR, Albandar JM. Role of genetic factors in the pathogenesis of aggressive periodontitis. Periodontol 2000 2014; 65:92-106. [DOI: 10.1111/prd.12021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Duarte PM, Bastos MF, Fermiano D, Rabelo CC, Perez-Chaparro PJ, Figueiredo LC, Faveri M, Feres M. Do subjects with aggressive and chronic periodontitis exhibit a different cytokine/chemokine profile in the gingival crevicular fluid? A systematic review. J Periodontal Res 2014; 50:18-27. [DOI: 10.1111/jre.12180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P. M. Duarte
- Dental Research Division; Department of Periodontology; Guarulhos University; São Paulo Brazil
| | - M. F. Bastos
- Dental Research Division; Department of Periodontology; Guarulhos University; São Paulo Brazil
| | - D. Fermiano
- Dental Research Division; Department of Periodontology; Guarulhos University; São Paulo Brazil
| | - C. C. Rabelo
- Dental Research Division; Department of Periodontology; Guarulhos University; São Paulo Brazil
| | - P. J. Perez-Chaparro
- Dental Research Division; Department of Periodontology; Guarulhos University; São Paulo Brazil
| | - L. C. Figueiredo
- Dental Research Division; Department of Periodontology; Guarulhos University; São Paulo Brazil
| | - M. Faveri
- Dental Research Division; Department of Periodontology; Guarulhos University; São Paulo Brazil
| | - M. Feres
- Dental Research Division; Department of Periodontology; Guarulhos University; São Paulo Brazil
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50
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Zorina OA, Petrukhina NB, Basova AA, Shibaeva AV, Trubnikova EV, Shevelev AB. [Identification of key markers of normal and pathogenic microbiota determining health of periodontium by NGS-sequencing 16S-rDNA libraries of periodontal swabs]. STOMATOLOGIIA 2014; 93:25-31. [PMID: 25588395 DOI: 10.17116/stomat201493625-31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
By using NGS-sequencing libraries of DNA from periodontal swabs with primers specific to V6 region of 16S rDNA prevalence of bacterial genera and species in periodontal microbiota of patients with aggressive periodontitis and healthy donors was analyzed. Six genera of putative periodontal protectors and eight periodontal pathogens were identified with respect to aggressive (but not chronic) periodontitis. Statistically relevant over-colonization by general Porphyromonas, Treponema, Synergistes, Tannerella, Filifactor, Ruminococcus, Parvimonas and Mycoplasma was found to be associated with the condition. From these, only three genera Porphyromonas, Treponema and Tannerella are traditionally considered as periodontal pathogens. Statistically confidential over-colonization by genus Veillonella was found in healthy patients. This genus should be considered as a relevant marker of a healthy periodontium. Genera Streptococcus, Bergeyella, Granulicatella, Kingella and Corynebacterium may be considered as putative periodontal protectors. Comparison of data of NGS-sequencing and real-time PCR demonstrated a good agreement if different PCR efficiency using independent primer pairs is taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- O A Zorina
- FGBU "Tsentral'nyĭ nauchno-issledovatel'skiĭ institut stomatologii i cheliustno-litsevoĭ khirurgii" Ministerstva zdravookhraneniia Rossiĭskoĭ Federatsii, Moskva; GBOU VPO Pervyĭ Moskovskiĭ gosudarstvennyĭ universitet im. I.M. Sechenova, Moskva
| | - N B Petrukhina
- FGBU "Tsentral'nyĭ nauchno-issledovatel'skiĭ institut stomatologii i cheliustno-litsevoĭ khirurgii" Ministerstva zdravookhraneniia Rossiĭskoĭ Federatsii, Moskva; GBOU VPO Pervyĭ Moskovskiĭ gosudarstvennyĭ universitet im. I.M. Sechenova, Moskva
| | - A A Basova
- GBOU VPO Pervyĭ Moskovskiĭ gosudarstvennyĭ universitet im. I.M. Sechenova, Moskva
| | - A V Shibaeva
- Institut biokhimicheskoĭ fiziki im. N.M. Émanuélia RAN, Moskva; Institut poliomielita i virusnykh éntsefalitov im. M.P. Chumakova RAMN, Moskva
| | | | - A B Shevelev
- Institut poliomielita i virusnykh éntsefalitov im. M.P. Chumakova RAMN, Moskva
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