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Toh R. Genetic Determinants of High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Efflux Capacity: Insights from Paraoxonase 1 Polymorphisms. J Atheroscler Thromb 2024; 31:1260-1262. [PMID: 38910119 PMCID: PMC11374540 DOI: 10.5551/jat.ed267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ryuji Toh
- Division of Evidence-based Laboratory Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine
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2
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Seto Y, Nagao M, Iino T, Harada A, Murakami K, Miwa K, Shinohara M, Nishimori M, Yoshikawa S, Asakura J, Fujioka T, Ishida T, Hirata KI, Toh R. Impaired Cholesterol Uptake Capacity in Patients with Hypertriglyceridemia and Diabetes Mellitus. J Appl Lab Med 2024; 9:728-740. [PMID: 38574000 DOI: 10.1093/jalm/jfae024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels are a common metabolic abnormality associated with insulin resistance, their role in cardiovascular risk stratification remains controversial. Recently, we developed a simple, high-throughput, cell-free assay system to evaluate the "cholesterol uptake capacity (CUC)" as a novel concept for HDL functionality. In this study, we assessed the CUC in patients with hypertriglyceridemia and diabetes mellitus. METHODS The CUC was measured using cryopreserved serum samples from 285 patients who underwent coronary angiography or percutaneous coronary intervention between December 2014 and May 2019 at Kobe University Hospital. RESULTS The CUC was significantly lower in diabetic patients (n = 125) than in nondiabetic patients (93.0 vs 100.7 arbitrary units (A.U.), P = 0.002). Patients with serum triglyceride (TG) levels >150 mg/dL (n = 94) also had a significantly lower CUC (91.8 vs 100.0 A.U., P = 0.004). Furthermore, the CUC showed a significant inverse correlation with TG, hemoglobin A1c (Hb A1c), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and body mass index (BMI). Finally, the HDL-C/Apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) ratio, calculated as a surrogate index of HDL particle size, was significantly positively correlated with the CUC (r2 = 0.49, P < 0.001), but inversely correlated with TG levels (r2 = -0.30, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The CUC decreased in patients with hypertriglyceridemia and diabetes mellitus, and HDL particle size was a factor defining the CUC and inversely correlated with TG levels, suggesting that impaired CUC in insulin-resistant states was partially due to the shift in HDL towards smaller particles. These findings provide a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying impaired HDL functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaro Seto
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Manabu Nagao
- Division of Evidence-Based Laboratory Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takuya Iino
- Central Research Laboratories, Sysmex Corporation, Nishi-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Amane Harada
- Central Research Laboratories, Sysmex Corporation, Nishi-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Murakami
- Central Research Laboratories, Sysmex Corporation, Nishi-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Keiko Miwa
- Central Research Laboratories, Sysmex Corporation, Nishi-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masakazu Shinohara
- Division of Molecular Epidemiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan
- The Integrated Center for Mass Spectrometry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Makoto Nishimori
- Division of Molecular Epidemiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Sachiko Yoshikawa
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Junko Asakura
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tomoo Fujioka
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Ishida
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan
- Division of Nursing Practice, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Suma-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Hirata
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan
- Division of Evidence-Based Laboratory Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Ryuji Toh
- Division of Evidence-Based Laboratory Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan
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De Simoni E, Candelora M, Belleggia S, Rizzetto G, Molinelli E, Capodaglio I, Ferretti G, Bacchetti T, Offidani A, Simonetti O. Role of antioxidants supplementation in the treatment of atopic dermatitis: a critical narrative review. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1393673. [PMID: 38933878 PMCID: PMC11203398 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1393673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by itching, epidermal barrier dysfunction, and an unbalanced inflammatory reaction. AD pathophysiology involves a dysregulated immune response driven by T helper-2 cells. Many factors, including reactive oxygen species (ROS), are involved in AD pathogenesis by causing cellular damage and inflammation resulting in skin barrier dysfunction. This narrative review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the role of natural molecules and antioxidant compounds, highlighting their potential therapeutic value in AD prevention and management. They include vitamin D, vitamin E, pyridoxine, Vitamin C, carotenoids, and melatonin. Some studies report a statistically significant association between antioxidant levels and improvement in AD, however, there are conflicting results in which antioxidant supplementation, especially Vitamin D, did not result in improvement in AD. Therefore, the clinical efficacy of these dietary nutritional factors in the treatment of AD needs to be further evaluated in clinical trials. Meanwhile, antioxidants can be incorporated into the management of AD patients in a personalized manner, tailored to the severity of the disease, comorbidities, and individual needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo De Simoni
- Clinic of Dermatology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Matteo Candelora
- Clinic of Dermatology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Sara Belleggia
- Clinic of Dermatology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giulio Rizzetto
- Clinic of Dermatology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Elisa Molinelli
- Clinic of Dermatology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Irene Capodaglio
- Hospital Cardiology and UTIC, Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, Ancona, Italy
| | - Gianna Ferretti
- Department of Clinical Experimental Science and Odontostomatology-Biochemistry, Research Center of Health Education and Health Promotion, Ancona, Italy
| | - Tiziana Bacchetti
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences-Biochemistry, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Annamaria Offidani
- Clinic of Dermatology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Oriana Simonetti
- Clinic of Dermatology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
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4
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Vural G, Gumusyayla S, Karakoyunlu Eren F, Barakli S, Demir Unal E, Neselioglu S, Erel O. Relationship between pattern reversal visual evoked potential P100 wave latency and dysfunctional HDL in patients with multiple sclerosis subjected to an optic neuritis attack: A case-control study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37115. [PMID: 38335440 PMCID: PMC10860982 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Optic neuritis frequently occurs during the clinical course of multiple sclerosis (MS). In this condition, demyelination of the optic nerve occurs, which electrophysiologically causes a delay in P100 wave latency. Sensitive cholesterol homeostasis is critical for the formation of the myelin sheath and for myelin to become functionally mature. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) becomes dysfunctional under oxidative stress and plays an important role in the pathogenesis of MS. In this study, HDL levels of MS patients suffering from optic neuritis were compared with those of healthy individuals, and the relationship between pattern reversal visual evoked potential (PRVEP) P100 wave latency and HDL levels in patients with optic neuritis attacks was analyzed. PRVEP studies were performed in patients with MS who had an episode of optic neuritis, and P100 wave latencies were measured. Peripheral blood samples were collected from healthy participants and patients. Lipid levels and myeloperoxidase (MPO) and paraoxonase (PON) activities were measured, and the MPO/PON ratio was then calculated. The lipid profiles and dysfunctional HDL levels in the healthy and patient groups were compared. Finally, the relationship between these parameters and the PRVEP-P100 wave latency was examined. Total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels were significantly higher in the patient group (P = .044; P = .038, respectively). There was no statistically significant difference in HDL levels between groups (P = .659). The distribution of MPO values was similar between groups (P = .452). PON values were significantly lower, whereas the MPO/PON ratios were significantly higher in the patient group than in the control group (P = .025; P = .028, respectively). A statistically significant positive correlation was found between the elevated MPO/PON ratio, representing dysfunctional HDL, and both the mean and maximum PRVEP-P100 wave latencies (P < .001, R = 0.690; P < .001, R = 0.815, respectively). A dysfunctional form of HDL may lead to poor deactivation of remyelination-limiting factors and may ultimately be associated with poor outcomes in optic neuritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonul Vural
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Neurology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sadiye Gumusyayla
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Neurology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Serdar Barakli
- Department of Neurology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Neurology, Sungurlu State Hospital, Corum, Turkey
| | - Esra Demir Unal
- Department of Neurology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Neurology, Yenimahalle Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Salim Neselioglu
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ozcan Erel
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
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Bacchetti T, Morresi C, Ferretti G, Larsson A, Åkerfeldt T, Svensson M. Effects of Seven Weeks of Combined Physical Training on High-Density Lipoprotein Functionality in Overweight/Obese Subjects. Metabolites 2023; 13:1068. [PMID: 37887393 PMCID: PMC10609075 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13101068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Our study aimed to investigate the effects of exercise on HDL composition and functional properties in overweight/obese subjects. Eighteen overweight/obese subjects (nine F and nine M, BMI = 30.3 ± 3 kg/m2) attended supervised training for 7 weeks. The protocol included combined resistance and conditioning training four to five times each week. The activity of the antioxidant enzyme paraoxonase-1 (PON1) associated with HDL was evaluated in all subjects before and after the training intervention. Moreover, myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels and oxidative stress markers (ox-LDLs and total antioxidant capacity) were studied in the serums of the subjects. At the end of the intervention, the activity of PON1 was increased (p < 0.0001), and MPO levels and the MPO/PON1 ratio were decreased (p < 0.0001). In addition, a significant improvement in muscle strength and maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) (p < 0.0001) and a significant reduction in total and visceral adipose tissue mass (p < 0.001) and waist circumference (p < 0.008), without any significant decrease in body weight, were observed. A significant correlation was established between serum MPO/PON ratios, HDL redox activity and ox-LDLs. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that exercise training, without modifications of dietary habits, improved HDL functionality in overweight/obese adults, without any significant reduction in BMI or modifications of glucose and lipid biochemical parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Bacchetti
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Camilla Morresi
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Gianna Ferretti
- Department of Clinical Science and Odontostomatology, Marche Polytechnic University, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy;
- Center for Health Promotion, Marche Polytechnic University, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Anders Larsson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; (A.L.); (T.Å.)
| | - Torbjörn Åkerfeldt
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; (A.L.); (T.Å.)
| | - Michael Svensson
- Section of Sports Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Umeå University, 90 187 Umeå, Sweden;
- Umeå School of Sport Sciences, Umeå University, 90 187 Umeå, Sweden
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Senat A, Ilker Yon M, Yuce G, Deniz O, Erel O. High-density lipoprotein dysfunction in carotid artery stenosis. VASA 2023; 52:342-348. [PMID: 37622201 DOI: 10.1024/0301-1526/a001082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Background: High density lipoprotein (HDL) is well established to have an athero-protective role under normal conditions; however, pro-inflammatory alteration of HDL proteins may transform the HDL particle into a dysfunctional molecule. Our aim was to investigate HDL dysfunction by measuring enzyme-based markers in carotid artery stenosis (CAS). Patients and methods: All participants underwent duplex ultrasound and 52 subjects diagnosed with CAS and 51 subjects who had no significant stenosis (as controls) were enrolled in this study. Serum lipid profiles and serum parameters associated with dysfunctional HDL including myeloperoxidase (MPO), paraoxonase 1 (PON1), arylesterase (ARE) activity, and lipid hydroperoxide (LOOH) levels were measured. Results: It was found that the patients with CAS had increased levels of MPO and LOOH while PON1 activity was decreased. There was no significant difference between the CAS and non-CAS groups in terms of HDL levels. MPO/PON1, MPO/ARE, and LOOH/PON1 ratios were significantly increased in the CAS group. MPO/PON1 and MPO/ARE ratios both demonstrated significant correlations with degree of stenosis (%). Conclusions: The MPO/PON1 and MPO/ARE ratios may be potential serum markers that can enable the monitoring of HDL functionality and the assessment of atherosclerotic disease risks. Additionally, monitoring the oxidative balance of lipids on HDL molecules by LOOH/PON1 ratio may have value in the early detection of pro-atherosclerotic transformation of the HDL particle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Almila Senat
- Department of Biochemistry, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazit University Faculty of Medicine Ankara City Hospital, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ilker Yon
- Department of Neurology, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazit University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara City Hospital, Turkey
| | - Gokhan Yuce
- Department of Radiology, Ankara City Hospital, Turkey
| | - Orhan Deniz
- Department of Neurology, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazit University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara City Hospital, Turkey
| | - Ozcan Erel
- Department of Biochemistry, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazit University Faculty of Medicine Ankara City Hospital, Turkey
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7
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Erdoğan K, Sanlier NT, Özen EU, Erol S, Kahyaoğlu I, Neselioglu S, Erel Ö, Akar S, Üstün YE. Evaluation of Dysfunctional HDL by Myeloperoxidase/Paraoxonase Ratio in Unexplained Infertility Patients Undergoing IVF/ICSI. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12041506. [PMID: 36836040 PMCID: PMC9964667 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12041506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between oxidative stress and unexplained infertility (UEI) has not been studied in detail. This is the first study to evaluate dysfunctional high-density lipoprotein (HDL) by the myeloperoxidase (MPO) and paraoxonase (PON) ratio to investigate the role of oxidative stress in UEI. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients with UEI (study group, n = 40) and male factor infertility (control group, n = 36) were included in this prospective study. Demographics and laboratory assessments were analyzed. RESULTS Total dosages of gonadotropin were higher in UEI when compared to the control group (p = 0.033). Number of Grade 1 embryos and the quality of blastocysts were lower in UEI than in the control group (p = 0.024, p = 0.020, respectively), whereas serum MPO/PON ratio was higher in UEI (p = 0.042). Stepwise linear regression analysis revealed that serum MPO/PON ratio levels could significantly predict the duration of infertility (p = 0.012). CONCLUSIONS Serum MPO/PON ratio increased in patients with UEI, whereas the number of Grade 1 embryos and the quality of blastocysts decreased. Similar clinical pregnacy rates were found in both groups but the ET on day five is associated with higher clinical pregnancy rate in the male factor infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadriye Erdoğan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Etlik Zübeyde Hanım Women’s Health Training and Research Hospital, Health Sciences University, 06830 Ankara, Turkey
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +0543-864-27-35
| | - Nazli Tunca Sanlier
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara City Hospital, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Emine Utlu Özen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Etlik Zübeyde Hanım Women’s Health Training and Research Hospital, Health Sciences University, 06830 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Süleyman Erol
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Etlik Zübeyde Hanım Women’s Health Training and Research Hospital, Health Sciences University, 06830 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Inci Kahyaoğlu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Etlik Zübeyde Hanım Women’s Health Training and Research Hospital, Health Sciences University, 06830 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Salim Neselioglu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Etlik Zübeyde Hanım Women’s Health Training and Research Hospital, Health Sciences University, 06830 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Özcan Erel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Etlik Zübeyde Hanım Women’s Health Training and Research Hospital, Health Sciences University, 06830 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Serra Akar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara City Hospital, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yaprak Engin Üstün
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Etlik Zübeyde Hanım Women’s Health Training and Research Hospital, Health Sciences University, 06830 Ankara, Turkey
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De Simoni E, Rizzetto G, Molinelli E, Lucarini G, Mattioli-Belmonte M, Capodaglio I, Ferretti G, Bacchetti T, Offidani A, Simonetti O. Metabolic Comorbidities in Pediatric Atopic Dermatitis: A Narrative Review. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 13:life13010002. [PMID: 36675951 PMCID: PMC9866487 DOI: 10.3390/life13010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an itchy dermatitis with multifactorial aetiology, chronic-recurrent course, and typical distribution of lesions according to the age, affecting the 10-20% of pediatric population. Patients with AD, including children, suffer from many metabolic comorbidities, including metabolic syndrome, being overweight, obesity, dyslipidaemia, and arterial hypertension, all of which had a prevalence that was demonstrated to be higher than in healthy patients. The association between AD and metabolic comorbidities is multifactorial and involves the deregulation of immune system. In fact, hypertrophic adipose tissue produces soluble adipokines involved in inflammation and immunity, which stimulate the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, responsible for a chronic low-grade inflammatory state and a higher predisposition to hypersensitivity reactions. Especially in pediatric population with AD, these metabolic disorders are usually underestimated and are associated with long term sequelae and an increased risk of a cardiovascular event, which may also occur later in adult age. Therefore, metabolic comorbidities should be carefully evaluated and early treated in children with AD, to minimize the long-term risk of cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo De Simoni
- Clinic of Dermatology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Giulio Rizzetto
- Clinic of Dermatology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Elisa Molinelli
- Clinic of Dermatology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Guendalina Lucarini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences-Histology, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60020 Ancona, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0712206075
| | - Monica Mattioli-Belmonte
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences-Histology, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60020 Ancona, Italy
| | - Irene Capodaglio
- Hospital Cardiology and UTIC, Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Gianna Ferretti
- Research Center of Health Education and Health Promotion, Department of Clinical Experimental Science and Odontostomatology-Biochemistry, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Tiziana Bacchetti
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences-Biochemistry, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Annamaria Offidani
- Clinic of Dermatology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Oriana Simonetti
- Clinic of Dermatology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
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Ünal ED, Vural G, Eren F, Neşelioğlu S, Erel Ö. Clinicoradiological evaluation of oxidative stress activity in acute cerebral infarction in the first 24 h and the qualitative importance of dysfunctional HDL in stroke. Turk J Med Sci 2022; 52:1917-1925. [PMID: 36945973 PMCID: PMC10390177 DOI: 10.55730/1300-0144.5539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute cerebral infarction (ACI) occurs as a result of instant disruption of vascular flow that causes disbalance between oxidative/antioxidative activity. We examined the relationship of serum neuro-oxidative stress parameters with stroke severity and infarct volume in ACI and emphasized the qualitative importance of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) on its relationship with myeloperoxidase (MPO) and paraoxonase-1 (PON1) in the acute period of stroke. METHODS One hundred ACI patients applied within the first 24 h and 50 healthy volunteers were included. The patient group was evaluated with demographic data (including arrival serum biochemical assessment), clinical disability scores, infarct volume, serum oxidative/antioxidative parameters (lipid hydroperoxide (LOOH), MPO, PON1, MPO/PON ratio). The relevant serum parameters were compared with the control group. Dysfunctional HDL measurement was based on detecting dysfunctionality as a result of a high positive correlation between the dysfunctional feature of HDL and the MPO/PON ratio. The correlation of serum parameters, clinical disability score, and infarct volume were evaluated, and independent analyses of variability with comorbidities were performed. RESULTS A negative correlation between PON1 and arrival NIH score/scale (NIHSS), LOOH and discharge modified rankin scale (mRS), triglyceride level, and infarct volume; a positive correlation between MPO\PON ratio and infarct volume was determined. Logistic regression analyses showed that hypertension, diabetes, and high HbA1C may be predictors of stroke severity, and diabetes mellitus, high HbA1C, infarct volume, and high NIHSS score may be predictors of early disability (p < 0.005). The ROC curve analysis revealed that determining the cut-off value for LOOH is of importance in determining early disability scores (7.2 and 6.2, respectively). DISCUSSION The balance between oxidative and antioxidative stress parameters and their quantitative/qualitative changes is of importance, especially in the acute period of ACI. Dysfunctional HDL's evolution and its relationship with other oxidants are significant not only in the cardiovascular aspect but also in the clinicoradiological aspect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Demir Ünal
- Department of Neurology, Nevşehir State Hospital, Nevşehir, Turkey
| | - Gönül Vural
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Funda Eren
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Salim Neşelioğlu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Özcan Erel
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey
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Sanda GM, Toma L, Barbalata T, Moraru OE, Niculescu LS, Sima AV, Stancu CS. Clusterin, paraoxonase 1, and myeloperoxidase alterations induce high-density lipoproteins dysfunction and contribute to peripheral artery disease; aggravation by type 2 diabetes mellitus. Biofactors 2022; 48:454-468. [PMID: 34741558 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is an atherosclerotic disorder affecting arteries of the lower limbs, the major risk factors including dyslipidemia and diabetes mellitus (DM). We aimed to identify alterations of the proteins in high-density lipoproteins (HDL) associated with HDL dysfunction in PAD patients. HDL2 and HDL3 were isolated from plasma of PAD patients with/without DM (PAD-DM/PAD) and healthy subjects (N). Apolipoprotein AI (ApoAI), ApoAII, ApoCIII, clusterin (CLU), paraoxonase 1 (PON1), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and ceruloplasmin (CP) were measured in HDL2 /HDL3 and plasma. Oxidation and glycation of the analyzed proteins were assessed as malondialdehyde-protein adducts (MDA) and advanced glycation end-products (AGE), respectively. The anti-inflammatory effect of HDL3 was estimated as its potential to reduce monocyte adhesion to tumor necrosis factor α-activated endothelial cells. We show that in PAD patients compared to N subjects: (i) HDL2 presented increased levels of MDA-PON1, AGE-PON1, AGE-ApoAI, ApoAII, ApoCIII, and CP levels, and decreased PON1 levels; (ii) HDL3 had increased levels of MDA- and AGE-CLU and -ApoAI, MDA-PON1, ApoCIII, CLU, MPO, CP, and reduced PON1 levels. All these alterations were exacerbated by DM. These changes were more pronounced in HDL3 , which had reduced anti-inflammatory potential in PAD and became pro-inflammatory in PAD-DM. In PAD patients' plasma, CLU levels and MPO specific activity increased, while PON1 specific activity decreased. In conclusion, HDL function is altered in PAD patients due to multiple modifications of associated proteins that are aggravated by DM. Plasma CLU, MPO, and PON1 could constitute indicators of HDL dysfunction and contribute to risk stratification in PAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela M Sanda
- Lipidomics Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Laura Toma
- Lipidomics Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Teodora Barbalata
- Lipidomics Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Oriana E Moraru
- Emergency Clinical Hospital "Prof. Dr. Agrippa Ionescu", Ilfov County, Romania
| | - Loredan S Niculescu
- Lipidomics Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anca V Sima
- Lipidomics Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Camelia S Stancu
- Lipidomics Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
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11
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Wu CC, Cheng YH, Chen KH, Chien CT. Deep Sea Water-Dissolved Organic Matter Intake Improves Hyperlipidemia and Inhibits Thrombus Formation and Vascular Inflammation in High-Fat Diet Hamsters. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:82. [PMID: 35054478 PMCID: PMC8778340 DOI: 10.3390/life12010082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic liver disease caused by oxidative stress, inflammation and lipid deposition within liver cells, and is subsequently contributing to cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis. Deep sea water (DSW) is characterized by its clearance and abundant nutrients with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity to confer therapeutic potential. We aimed to explore the therapeutic capability of our prepared multi-filtration DSW-dissolved organic matter (DSW-DOM) on high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia and endothelial dysfunction in hamsters. A high-fat/high-cholesterol diet led to increased oxidative stress, including blood reactive oxygen species (ROS), plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) and hepatic CYP2E1 expression; an increased hyperlipidemic profile and SREBP 1-mediated fatty liver; promoted NFκB p65-mediated hepatic inflammation; triggered PARP-mediated hepatic apoptosis; and enhanced endothelial intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and von Willebrand factor (VWF)-mediated atherosclerosis associated with the depressed hepatic antioxidant Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) expression. The DSW-DOM-enriched 1295 fraction, with strong H2O2 scavenging activity, efficiently reduced several oxidative stress parameters, the lipid profile, inflammation, and apoptosis, possibly through the PON1-mediated antioxidant capability. Furthermore, DSW-DOM treatment significantly decreased the endothelial ICAM-1 and VWF expression, subsequently leading to the elongation of time to occlusion of FeCl3-induced arterial thrombosis and to the inhibition of FeCl3-induced fluorescent platelet adhesion to mesentery arterioles in the high-fat diet. Based on the above results, our data suggest that DSW-DOM intake via antioxidant defense mechanisms confers protective effects against high-fat diet-enhanced, oxidative stress-mediated hyperlipidemia, and endothelial dysfunction evoked atherosclerosis by downregulating oxidative injury, lipogenesis, inflammation and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Chun Wu
- Department of Life Science, School of Life Science, College of Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan; (C.-C.W.); (Y.-H.C.)
| | - Yu-Hsuan Cheng
- Department of Life Science, School of Life Science, College of Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan; (C.-C.W.); (Y.-H.C.)
| | - Kuo-Hsin Chen
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, Far-Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 22056, Taiwan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan City 32003, Taiwan
| | - Chiang-Ting Chien
- Department of Life Science, School of Life Science, College of Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan; (C.-C.W.); (Y.-H.C.)
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12
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Fujimoto D, Otake H, Kawamori H, Toba T, Nagao M, Nakano S, Tanimura K, Takahashi Y, Fukuyama Y, Kakizaki S, Nakamura K, Harada A, Murakami K, Iino T, Toh R, Hirata KI. Cholesterol uptake capacity: A new measure of high-density lipoprotein functionality as a predictor of subsequent revascularization in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Atherosclerosis 2022; 345:44-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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13
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Zhao XJ, Liu LC, Guo C, Shen WW, Cao J, Du F, Wu DF, Yu H. Hepatic paraoxonase 1 ameliorates dysfunctional high-density lipoprotein and atherosclerosis in scavenger receptor class B type I deficient mice. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1063. [PMID: 34422975 PMCID: PMC8339862 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background High-density lipoprotein (HDL) plays an antiatherogenic role by mediating reverse cholesterol transport (RCT), antioxidation, anti-inflammation, and endothelial cell protection. Recently, series of evidence have shown that HDL can also convert to proatherogenic HDL under certain circumstances. Plasma paraoxonase 1 (PON1) as an HDL-bound esterase, is responsible for most of the antioxidant properties of HDL. However, whether PON1 can serve as a therapeutic target of dysfunctional HDL-related atherosclerosis remains unclear. Methods In this study, scavenger receptor class B type I deficient (Scarb1−/−) mice were used as the animal model with dysfunctional HDL and increased atherosclerotic susceptibility. Hepatic PON1 overexpression and secretion into circulation were achieved by lentivirus injection through the tail vein. We monitored plasma lipids levels and lipoprotein profiles in Scarb1−/− mice, and measured the levels and activities of proteins associated with HDL function. Meanwhile, lipid deposition in the liver and atherosclerotic lesions was quantified. Hepatic genes relevant to HDL metabolism and inflammation were analyzed. Results The results showed the relative levels of PON1 in liver and plasma were increased by 1.1-fold and 1.6-fold, respectively, and mean plasma PON1 activity was increased by 63%. High-level PON1 increased the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties, promoted HDL maturation and macrophage cholesterol efflux through increasing HDL functional proteins components apolipoprotein A1 (APOA1), apolipoprotein E (APOE), and lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT), while decreased inflammatory protein markers, such as serum amyloid A (SAA), apolipoprotein A4 (APOA4) and alpha 1 antitrypsin (A1AT). Furthermore, hepatic PON1 overexpression linked the effects of antioxidation and anti-inflammation with HDL metabolism regulation mainly through up-regulating liver X receptor alpha (LXRα) and its downstream genes. The pleiotropic effects involved promoting HDL biogenesis by raising the level of APOA1, increasing cholesterol uptake by the liver through the APOE-low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) pathway, and increasing cholesterol excretion into the bile, thereby reducing hepatic steatosis and aorta atherosclerosis in Western diet-fed mice. Conclusions Our study reveals that high-level PON1 improved dysfunctional HDL and alleviated the development of atherosclerosis in Scarb1−/− mice. It is suggested that PON1 represents a promising target of HDL-based therapeutic strategy for HDL-related atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jie Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang-Chen Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Cui Guo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Wen-Wen Shen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Jia Cao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Fen Du
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Dong-Fang Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
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14
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Alisik T, Alisik M, Nacir B, Ayhan FF, Genc H, Erel O. Evaluation of dysfunctional high-density lipoprotein levels with myeloperoxidase/paraoxonase-1 ratio in rheumatoid arthritis. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e14172. [PMID: 33756027 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.14172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study is to evaluate dysfunctional high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) by measuring myeloperoxidase (MPO)/paraoxonase 1 (PON1) ratio in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to investigate the relationship between dysfunctional HDL and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in RA patients. METHODS Sixty-seven healthy individuals and 130 RA patients were included in the study. Routine lipid panels (triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), HDL, total cholesterol (TC), PON1 and MPO levels were measured. Disease activity scores-28 (DAS28) of RA patients were calculated. Cardiological examination records of the patients were assessed to detect patients who also have CVD. RESULTS There were no significant differences between RA and control groups in routine lipid profiles (P > .05 for all). MPO/PON1 ratios were significantly elevated in the RA group compared with the control group (P < .001). MPO/PON1 ratios were higher in RA patients with CVD history compared with those without CVD (P < .05). MPO/PON1 ratios were correlated with DAS28 scores (rho: 0.357, P < .001). CONCLUSION HDL dysfunction determined by the MPO/PON1 ratio may be associated with the pathophysiology of increased CVD in RA. Thus, evaluating dysfunctional HDL levels by measuring the MPO/PON1 ratio in RA patients may allow more detailed patient follow-up, as well as the reduction of CVD events in RA patients with therapeutic agents aiming to increase the functional properties of HDL by decreasing this ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tugba Alisik
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Murat Alisik
- Medical Biochemistry, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Baris Nacir
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Hakan Genc
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ozcan Erel
- Medical Biochemistry, Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
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15
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Bacchetti T, Ferretti G, Carbone F, Ministrini S, Montecucco F, Jamialahmadi T, Sahebkar A. Dysfunctional High-density Lipoprotein: The Role of Myeloperoxidase and Paraoxonase-1. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:2842-2850. [PMID: 32674726 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327999200716112353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Low circulating high-density lipoproteins (HDL) are not only defining criteria for metabolic syndrome, but are more generally associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and other chronic diseases. Oxidative stress, a hallmark of cardio-metabolic disease, further influences HDL activity by suppressing their function. Especially the leukocyte- derived enzyme myeloperoxidase (MPO) has recently attracted great interest as it catalyzes the formation of oxidizing reactive species that modify the structure and function of HDL, ultimately increasing cardiovascular risk. Contrariwise, paraoxonase-1 (PON1) is an HDL-associated enzyme that protects HDL from lipid oxidation and then acts as a protective factor against ASCVD. It is noteworthy that recent studies have demonstrated how MPO, PON1 and HDL form a functional complex in which PON1 partially inhibits the MPO activity, while MPO in turn partially inactivates PON1.In line with that, a high MPO/PON1 ratio characterizes patients with ASCVD and metabolic syndrome and has been suggested as a potential marker of dysfunctional HDL as well as a predictor of ASCVD. In this review, we summarize the evidence on the interactions between MPO and PON1 with regard to their structure, function and interaction with HDL activity. We also provide an overview of in vitro and experimental animal models, finally focusing on clinical evidence from a cohort of patients with ASCVD and metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Bacchetti
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences (DiSVA), Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Gianna Ferretti
- Department of Clinical Science and Odontostomatology, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Federico Carbone
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Stefano Ministrini
- Internal Medicine Department, "Santa Maria della Misericordia" Hospital, University of Perugia, Piazzale Menghini, Sant'Andrea delle Fratte 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Quchan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Quchan, Iran
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16
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Morris G, Berk M, Walder K, O'Neil A, Maes M, Puri BK. The lipid paradox in neuroprogressive disorders: Causes and consequences. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 128:35-57. [PMID: 34118292 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chronic systemic inflammation is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease in an environment of low low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and low total cholesterol and with the pathophysiology of neuroprogressive disorders. The causes and consequences of this lipid paradox are explored. Circulating activated neutrophils can release inflammatory molecules such as myeloperoxidase and the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha. Since activated neutrophils are associated with atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease and with major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia, it seems reasonable to hypothesise that the inflammatory molecules released by them may act as mediators of the link between systemic inflammation and the development of atherosclerosis in neuroprogressive disorders. This hypothesis is tested by considering the association at a molecular level of systemic inflammation with increased LDL oxidation; increased small dense LDL levels; increased lipoprotein (a) concentration; secretory phospholipase A2 activation; cytosolic phospholipase A2 activation; increased platelet activation; decreased apolipoprotein A1 levels and function; decreased paroxonase-1 activity; hyperhomocysteinaemia; and metabolic endotoxaemia. These molecular mechanisms suggest potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerwyn Morris
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Michael Berk
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia; Deakin University, CMMR Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, the Department of Psychiatry and the Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ken Walder
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Adrienne O'Neil
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Michael Maes
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, King Chulalongkorn University Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
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17
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Grujić-Milanović JD, Miloradović ZZ, Mihailović-Stanojević ND, Banjac VV, Vidosavljević S, Ivanov MS, Karanović DJ, Vajić UJV, Jovović DM. Excesive consumption of unsaturated fatty acids leads to oxidative and inflammatory instability in Wistar rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 139:111691. [PMID: 34243613 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Lifestyle modifications such as increase in high-fat food consumption importantly increases the risks for cardiovascular disease. The principal objective of this study is to analyze effects of different high fat diet (HFD) sources on haemodynamic parameters, lipid and oxidative profile, myeloperoxidase activity, and markers of inflammation (IL-6/pentraxin-3). HFD containing 20% of fat, provided by lard (saturated) or soybean oil (unsaturated), as well as control diet were administering to three groups (L, SO and C). Food efficiency ratio and plasma lipids were significantly elevated in both HFD groups. However, only SO group showed an increase in systolic arterial pressure, oxidative stress index, myeloperoxidase activity, liver lipids as well as markers of inflammation: IL-6 and pentraxin-3 (PTX3). In summary, these results indicate inflammogenic potential of excessive soybean oil consumption in triggering liver damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelica D Grujić-Milanović
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, Department for Cardiovascular Research, Laboratory for Experimental Hypertension, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Zoran Z Miloradović
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, Department for Cardiovascular Research, Laboratory for Experimental Hypertension, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nevena D Mihailović-Stanojević
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, Department for Cardiovascular Research, Laboratory for Experimental Hypertension, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vojislav V Banjac
- University of Novi Sad, Institute of Food Technology, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | | | - Milan S Ivanov
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, Department for Cardiovascular Research, Laboratory for Experimental Hypertension, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danijela J Karanović
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, Department for Cardiovascular Research, Laboratory for Experimental Hypertension, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Una-Jovana V Vajić
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, Department for Cardiovascular Research, Laboratory for Experimental Hypertension, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Djurdjica M Jovović
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, Department for Cardiovascular Research, Laboratory for Experimental Hypertension, Belgrade, Serbia
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18
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Oxidative Stress and Alterations of Paraoxonases in Atopic Dermatitis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10050697. [PMID: 33925093 PMCID: PMC8144960 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: previous studies reported the involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation in the pathogenesis of inflammatory skin diseases. The aim of our study was to investigate the relationship between oxidative stress and inflammation in children affected by atopic dermatitis (AD), a chronic relapsing inflammatory skin disease. Methods: levels of lipid hydroperoxides, total antioxidant capacity, and activities of the enzymes myeloperoxidase (MPO), PON1, and PON2/3 were investigated in 56 atopic pediatric patients, and compared with 48 sex-/age-matched healthy controls. Results: significantly higher levels of lipid hydroperoxides and lower values of total antioxidant potential were observed in the serum of AD children compared to that of the controls. Significant lower PON1 activities, and a significant increase in levels of MPO were observed in serum of patients, with a higher serum MPO level/PON1 paraoxonase activity ratio in patients compared to that in the controls. Significantly lower lactonase activity of PON enzymes was observed in polymorphonuclear cells isolated from AD patients. Statistically negative correlation was established between the activity of intracellular PON2/3 activity and ROS levels. Conclusions: our data confirmed that AD is associated with higher oxidative damage and a decrease in antioxidant defense. Moreover, alterations of extracellular and intracellular PON activity can promote lipoprotein dysfunction in AD patients.
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19
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Barker G, Leeuwenburgh C, Brusko T, Moldawer L, Reddy ST, Guirgis FW. Lipid and Lipoprotein Dysregulation in Sepsis: Clinical and Mechanistic Insights into Chronic Critical Illness. J Clin Med 2021; 10:1693. [PMID: 33920038 PMCID: PMC8071007 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10081693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to their well-characterized roles in metabolism, lipids and lipoproteins have pleiotropic effects on the innate immune system. These undergo clinically relevant alterations during sepsis and acute inflammatory responses. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) plays an important role in regulating the immune response by clearing bacterial toxins, supporting corticosteroid release, decreasing platelet aggregation, inhibiting endothelial cell apoptosis, reducing the monocyte inflammatory response, and inhibiting expression of endothelial cell adhesion molecules. It undergoes quantitative as well as qualitative changes which can be measured using the HDL inflammatory index (HII). Pro-inflammatory, or dysfunctional HDL (dysHDL) lacks the ability to perform these functions, and we have also found it to independently predict adverse outcomes and organ failure in sepsis. Another important class of lipids known as specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) positively affect the escalation and resolution of inflammation in a temporal fashion. These undergo phenotypic changes in sepsis and differ significantly between survivors and non-survivors. Certain subsets of sepsis survivors go on to have perilous post-hospitalization courses where this inflammation continues in a low grade fashion. This is associated with immunosuppression in a syndrome of persistent inflammation, immunosuppression, and catabolism syndrome (PICS). The continuous release of tissue damage-related patterns and viral reactivation secondary to immunosuppression feed this chronic cycle of inflammation. Animal data indicate that dysregulation of endogenous lipids and SPMs play important roles in this process. Lipids and their associated pathways have been the target of many clinical trials in recent years which have not shown mortality benefit. These results are limited by patient heterogeneity and poor animal models. Considerations of sepsis phenotypes and novel biomarkers in future trials are important factors to be considered in future research. Further characterization of lipid dysregulation and chronic inflammation during sepsis will aid mortality risk stratification, detection of sepsis, and inform individualized pharmacologic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grant Barker
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine-Jacksonville, University of Florida, 655 West 8th Street, Jacksonville, FL 32209, USA;
| | - Christiaan Leeuwenburgh
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA;
| | - Todd Brusko
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA;
| | - Lyle Moldawer
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA;
| | - Srinivasa T. Reddy
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA;
| | - Faheem W. Guirgis
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine-Jacksonville, University of Florida, 655 West 8th Street, Jacksonville, FL 32209, USA;
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20
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Morris G, Puri BK, Bortolasci CC, Carvalho A, Berk M, Walder K, Moreira EG, Maes M. The role of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein A and paraoxonase-1 in the pathophysiology of neuroprogressive disorders. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 125:244-263. [PMID: 33657433 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Lowered high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol has been reported in major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, first episode of psychosis, and schizophrenia. HDL, its major apolipoprotein component, ApoA1, and the antioxidant enzyme paraoxonase (PON)1 (which is normally bound to ApoA1) all have anti-atherogenic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory roles, which are discussed in this paper. The paper details the pathways mediating the anti-inflammatory effects of HDL, ApoA1 and PON1 and describes the mechanisms leading to compromised HDL and PON1 levels and function in an environment of chronic inflammation. The molecular mechanisms by which changes in HDL, ApoA1 and PON1 might contribute to the pathophysiology of the neuroprogressive disorders are explained. Moreover, the anti-inflammatory actions of ApoM-mediated sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) signalling are reviewed as well as the deleterious effects of chronic inflammation and oxidative stress on ApoM/S1P signalling. Finally, therapeutic interventions specifically aimed at improving the levels and function of HDL and PON1 while reducing levels of inflammation and oxidative stress are considered. These include the so-called Mediterranean diet, extra virgin olive oil, polyphenols, flavonoids, isoflavones, pomegranate juice, melatonin and the Mediterranean diet combined with the ketogenic diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerwyn Morris
- Deakin University, IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | | | - Chiara C Bortolasci
- Deakin University, IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia; Deakin University, CMMR Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Andre Carvalho
- Deakin University, IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael Berk
- Deakin University, IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia; Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, The Department of Psychiatry and The Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ken Walder
- Deakin University, IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia; Deakin University, CMMR Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Estefania G Moreira
- Post-Graduation Program in Health Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Michael Maes
- Deakin University, IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, King Chulalongkorn University Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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Cardiac apoptosis caused by elevated cholesterol level in experimental autoimmune myocarditis. Exp Cell Res 2020; 395:112169. [PMID: 32653410 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
It has been reported that cholesterol-lowing agents can ameliorate severity of myocarditis. However, the beneficial effect of the agents has been claimed to be independent of cholesterol reduction as there is no significant change in the plasma cholesterol level in myocarditis. In the present study, using experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM) rats as an animal model, we demonstrated that EAM induced elevation of cholesterol level and impaired cholesterol efflux capacity in the cardiac tissue. Moreover, serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) content was reduced and HDL function associated protein Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity was decreased. Besides, the major structural protein within HDL, Apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) expression in the cardiac tissues was significantly reduced while the level of serum ApoA1 was not significantly altered. Importantly, cholesterol depleting agent methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD) alleviated the development of EAM, as monitored by decreased ratio of heart weight to body weight (HW/BW), decreased infiltration of inflammatory cells and collagen deposition, improved cardiac function, reduced expression of apoptosis-related protein Bax, Fas, FasL and caspase-3 and increased level of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. These results suggest that reduction of cholesterol level in cardiac tissue could suppress EAM-induced cardiac apoptosis through both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways.
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22
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林 子, 刘 丹, 薛 雅, 吴 同, 曾 晓, 郭 志, 曹 世. [Serum annexin A2 level is significantly elevated in patients with coronary heart disease]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2020; 40:382-387. [PMID: 32376582 PMCID: PMC7167329 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2020.03.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the correlation of annexin A2 with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CAD) and the severity of CAD. METHODS We collected data from a total of 200 inpatients admitted in our department between August, 2017 and August, 2019. According to the. RESULTS of coronary angiography, the patients were divided into CAD group (n=150) and non-CAD (n=50), and the CAD patients was further divided, according to their clinical stability, into stable angina (SAP) group and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) group. Serum levels of annexin A2, MPO and PON1 were detected in all these patients, and their correlations with CAD, disease severity, and degree of coronary artery stenosis were analyzed.ResultsThe levels of annexin A2 and MPO were significantly higher in CAD patients than in non-CAD patients (P < 0.05). Among the CAD patients, those with ACS had significantly higher levels of annexin A2 (P < 0.05) and lower levels of PON-1 (P < 0.05) than those with SAP, but annexin A2 level was not significantly correlated with coronary lesion count, Gensini score, or the co-morbidity of diabetes. CONCLUSIONS Annexin A2 is significantly elevated in patients with CAD, especially in those with ACS, and can be used as a predictor of clinical instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- 子祥 林
- />南方医科大学南方医院心血管内科,广东 广州 510515Department of Cadiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 丹 刘
- />南方医科大学南方医院心血管内科,广东 广州 510515Department of Cadiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 雅芝 薛
- />南方医科大学南方医院心血管内科,广东 广州 510515Department of Cadiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 同薇 吴
- />南方医科大学南方医院心血管内科,广东 广州 510515Department of Cadiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 晓容 曾
- />南方医科大学南方医院心血管内科,广东 广州 510515Department of Cadiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 志刚 郭
- />南方医科大学南方医院心血管内科,广东 广州 510515Department of Cadiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 世平 曹
- />南方医科大学南方医院心血管内科,广东 广州 510515Department of Cadiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To quantitatively analyze the association between cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) and the risk and prognosis of coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS A systematic search of electronic databases for studies published until September 2019 was performed. Cohorts, case-control studies, and randomized controlled trials that examined the effect of CEC on the risk and prognosis of CAD were included. RESULTS Eighteen studies with 12 685 subjects met our inclusion criteria. Among them, 14 studies reported the CEC in non-CAD and CAD groups, and eight studies reported the association between CEC and risk of CAD. Four studies reported the prognosis of stable CAD or acute coronary syndrome (ACS). In the pooled analyses, significantly decreased CEC was found in patients with stable CAD as compared with those without CAD. Decreased CEC was also present in subgroup in patients with ACS. High CEC was significantly associated with decreased risk of CAD [odds ratio (OR) = 0.65, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.55-0.75, P < 0.001]. High CEC predicted lower all-cause mortality (OR = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.20-0.77, P = 0.007) and cardiovascular mortality (OR = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.13-0.90, P = 0.03) in patients with CAD. However, CEC failed to predict the occurrence of stroke and myocardial infraction in patients with CAD. CONCLUSIONS Decreased CEC is an independent risk factor for CAD, and it predicts all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with CAD.
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24
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Irino Y, Toh R, Ishida T. A Novel Indicator for HDL Functionality. J Atheroscler Thromb 2019; 26:945-946. [PMID: 31167979 PMCID: PMC6845690 DOI: 10.5551/jat.ed111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Irino
- Division of Evidence-based Laboratory Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Ryuji Toh
- Division of Evidence-based Laboratory Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Ishida
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
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25
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Barbalata T, Deleanu M, Carnuta MG, Niculescu LS, Raileanu M, Sima AV, Stancu CS. Hyperlipidemia Determines Dysfunctional HDL Production and Impedes Cholesterol Efflux in the Small Intestine: Alleviation by Ginger Extract. Mol Nutr Food Res 2019; 63:e1900029. [PMID: 31295384 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201900029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE To assess the impact of ginger extract (GIN) in stimulating the production of quality HDL and the cholesterol efflux in the small intestine (SI), key processes in the management of hyperlipidemia (HL)-induced hepatic steatosis, and atherosclerosis. METHODS AND RESULTS Three groups of hamsters are used: (i) N, fed standard diet, (ii) HL, fed high-fat diet for 21 weeks, and (iii) HL-GIN, HL treated with GIN for the last 5 weeks of diet. Apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I), malondialdehyde-apoA-I (MDA-apoA-I), paraoxonase1 (PON1), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) are measured in plasma and SI. ATP-binding cassette A1 transporter (ABCA1), ABCG5/G8, liver X receptor α/β (LXRα/β), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), and sirtuin1 (SIRT1) are assessed in the SI. Results show that in HL plasma, GIN decreases MDA-apoA-I, MPO/PON1 ratio and increases HDL-cholesterol/total cholesterol. In HL-SI, GIN decreases MDA-apoA-I and MPO, increases ApoA-I, PON1, and ABCA1, and restores cholesterol efflux disturbed by HL (SIRT1-LXRα/β-PPARγ-ABCG8). GIN administration is associated with the reduction of the aortic valves lipid-deposits. CONCLUSION In HL conditions, GIN stimulates the functional HDL production by restoring apoA-I quality and quantity through inhibition of the oxidative stress, and increases cholesterol efflux in the SI. These effects are associated with the restoration of SIRT1-LXRα/β-PPARγ pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teodora Barbalata
- Lipidomics Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 8, B.P. Hasdeu Street, Bucharest, 050568, Romania
| | - Mariana Deleanu
- Lipidomics Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 8, B.P. Hasdeu Street, Bucharest, 050568, Romania
- University of Agronomical Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Biotechnology, 59, Marasti Blvd., Bucharest, 011464, Romania
| | - Mihaela Georgiana Carnuta
- Lipidomics Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 8, B.P. Hasdeu Street, Bucharest, 050568, Romania
| | - Loredan Stefan Niculescu
- Lipidomics Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 8, B.P. Hasdeu Street, Bucharest, 050568, Romania
| | - Mina Raileanu
- Lipidomics Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 8, B.P. Hasdeu Street, Bucharest, 050568, Romania
| | - Anca Volumnia Sima
- Lipidomics Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 8, B.P. Hasdeu Street, Bucharest, 050568, Romania
| | - Camelia Sorina Stancu
- Lipidomics Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 8, B.P. Hasdeu Street, Bucharest, 050568, Romania
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Bacchetti T, Simonetti O, Ricotti F, Offidani A, Ferretti G. Plasma oxidation status and antioxidant capacity in psoriatic children. Arch Dermatol Res 2019; 312:33-39. [PMID: 31531730 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-019-01976-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis, a chronic inflammatory skin disease, is associated with oxidative stress of serum lipoproteins. In psoriatic children we evaluated the activity and levels of myeloperoxidase, the activity of paraoxonase-1 (PON1) and biochemical markers of lipid peroxidation, to investigate wether an unbalance between oxidant-antioxidants occurs very early in psoriasis. A total of 52 patients affected by psoriasis and 48 sex-age-matched healthy controls were enrolled. Serum MPO levels were measured using ELISA method. MPO and PON1 activities (paraoxonase, arylesterase and lactonase) were evaluated by spectroscopic methods. Our results demonstrated a significant increase of MPO levels and activity in psoriatic subjects. PON1 activities were found to be significantly decreased. A positive correlation has been established between the MPO/PON1 ratio and levels of lipid peroxides in all psoriatic patients. These results suggest that an unbalance between MPO and PON1 can reflect in higher oxidative stress in serum lipoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Bacchetti
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences- Biochemistry, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60100, Ancona, Italy
| | - Oriana Simonetti
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences- Dermatology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60100, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Francesca Ricotti
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences- Dermatology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60100, Ancona, Italy
| | - Annamaria Offidani
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences- Dermatology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60100, Ancona, Italy
| | - Gianna Ferretti
- Department of Clinical Experimental Science and Odontostomatology- Biochemistry, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60100, Ancona, Italy
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Tziomalos K, Katrini K, Papagianni M, Christou K, Gkolfinopoulou C, Angelopoulou SM, Sofogianni A, Savopoulos C, Hatzitolios AI, Chroni A. Impaired antioxidative activity of high-density lipoprotein is associated with more severe acute ischemic stroke. Metabolism 2019; 98:49-52. [PMID: 31202834 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2019.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS High-density lipoprotein (HDL) has important anti-atherogenic functions, including antioxidant effects. However, it is unclear whether the antioxidative activity of HDL is associated with the severity and outcome of acute ischemic stroke. We aimed to evaluate this association. METHODS We prospectively studied 199 consecutive patients admitted with acute ischemic stroke and followed them up until discharge. We measured HDL antioxidant capacity, HDL-associated paraoxonase-1 (PON1) activity and HDL-associated myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels. Severe stroke was defined as National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) at admission ≥5. Dependency was defined as modified Rankin scale at discharge between 2 and 5. RESULTS Patients with severe stroke had lower HDL antioxidant capacity, higher MPO levels and higher MPO/PON1 ratio. Independent risk factors for severe stroke were female gender (RR 2.80, 95% CI 1.37-5.70, p = 0.005), glucose levels (RR 1.01, 95% CI 1.0-1.02, p < 0.01) and HDL antioxidant capacity (RR 1.03, 95% CI 1.01-1.06, p < 0.05). Patients who were dependent at discharge had lower HDL antioxidant capacity, higher MPO levels and higher MPO/PON1 ratio. Independent predictors of dependency at discharge were lack of lipid-lowering treatment (RR 6.86, 95% CI 1.83-25.67, p < 0.005) and NIHSS (RR 1.56, 95% CI 1.29-1.88, p < 0.0001). The HDL antioxidant capacity did not differ between patients who died during hospitalization and those who were discharged. The only independent predictor of in-hospital mortality was NIHSS (RR 1.16, 95% CI 1.06-1.27, p < 0.005). CONCLUSIONS Impaired antioxidative activity of HDL is associated with more severe acute ischemic stroke and might also predict a worse functional outcome in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Tziomalos
- First Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Konstantina Katrini
- Institute of Biosciences and Applications, National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Agia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece
| | - Marianthi Papagianni
- First Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Christou
- First Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Christina Gkolfinopoulou
- Institute of Biosciences and Applications, National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Agia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece
| | - Stella-Maria Angelopoulou
- First Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Areti Sofogianni
- First Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Christos Savopoulos
- First Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Apostolos I Hatzitolios
- First Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Angeliki Chroni
- Institute of Biosciences and Applications, National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Agia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece.
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Nedić S, Vakanjac S, Samardžija M, Borozan S. Paraoxonase 1 in bovine milk and blood as marker of subclinical mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Res Vet Sci 2019; 125:323-332. [PMID: 31352281 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2019.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine serum lipid values and parameters of oxidative stress in blood and milk of cows with subclinical mastitis (SCM) caused by Staphylococcus aureus and to establish association between these parameters. The study was performed on total of 104 cows assigned into control group of healthy animals (n = 12) and two groups of cows with SCM, either SCM1 group (n = 37) with ˂ 1000 CFU/mL of S. aureus or SCM2 group (n = 55) with ≥1000 CFU/mL of causative agent in milk. Significantly lower serum concentrations of high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDLC) in SCM2 group and higher low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) in both SCM groups were recorded. Significantly lower paraoxonase-1 (PON1) activity and higher lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH) concentration in blood and milk were recorded in both groups of SCM cows vs control. In blood serum of cows from SCM2 group significantly higher concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA), but significantly lower total antioxidative capacity (TAC) were obtained. In milk serum of SCM cows were detected significantly higher concentrations of H2O2 and MDA, but significantly lower TAC vs control. There was a significant positive correlation between PON1 in serum with HDLC, but negative correlation with LDL-C and LOOH. In milk, PON1 negatively correlated with LOOH and somatic cell counts (SCC). Strong positive correlation was obtained between PON1 in blood and milk. Oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction induced by SCM significantly lowered PON1 activity in blood and milk of affected cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Nedić
- Department of Reproduction, Fertility and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Slobodanka Vakanjac
- Department of Reproduction, Fertility and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marko Samardžija
- Clinic for Obstetrics and Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Sunčica Borozan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia
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29
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Toh R. Assessment of HDL Cholesterol Removal Capacity: Toward Clinical Application. J Atheroscler Thromb 2019; 26:111-120. [PMID: 30542002 PMCID: PMC6365149 DOI: 10.5551/jat.rv17028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
While there is a controversy regarding the causal relationship between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and cardiovascular disease (CVD), recent studies have demonstrated that the cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) of HDL is associated with the incidence of CVD. However, there are several limitations to current assays of CEC. First, CEC measurements are not instantly applicable in clinical settings, because CEC assay methods require radiolabeled cholesterol and cultured cells, and these procedures are time consuming. Second, techniques to measure CEC are not standardized. Third, the condition of endogenous cholesterol donors would not be accounted for in the CEC assays. Recently, we established a simple, high-throughput, cell-free assay system to evaluate the capacity of HDL to accept additional cholesterol, which is herein referred to as "cholesterol uptake capacity (CUC)". We demonstrated that CUC represents a residual cardiovascular risk in patients with optimal low-density lipoprotein cholesterol control independently of traditional risk factors, including HDL-C. Establishing reproducible approaches for the cholesterol removal capacity of HDL is required to validate the impact of dysfunctional HDL on cardiovascular risk stratification in the "real world".
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuji Toh
- Division of Evidence-based Laboratory Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
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30
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Golzari MH, Javanbakht MH, Ghaedi E, Mohammadi H, Djalali M. Effect of Eicosapentaenoic Acid Supplementation on Paraoxonase 2 Gene Expression in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: a Randomized Double-blind Clinical Trial. Clin Nutr Res 2019; 8:17-27. [PMID: 30746344 PMCID: PMC6355950 DOI: 10.7762/cnr.2019.8.1.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is recognized as one of the most prevalent metabolic diseases, and it is mostly associated with oxidative stress, atherosclerosis and dyslipidemia. Paraoxonase 2 (PON2) due to its antioxidant properties may play a role in the atherosclerosis development. Although long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) have been shown to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, the exact mechanism of action is still unknown. Our goal in this study was to determine the effect of EPA administration on gene expression of PON2 in patients with T2DM. Present study was a randomized, controlled double-blind trial. Thirty-six patients with T2DM were randomly allocated to receive 2 g/day EPA (n = 18) or placebo (n = 18) for 8 weeks. There were no significant differences between 2 groups concerning demographic or biochemical variables, and dietary intakes as well (p > 0.05). However, patients received EPA showed a significant increase in the gene expression of PON2 compared with placebo group (p = 0.027). In addition, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased and fasting blood sugar decreased significantly after EPA supplementation compared with control group. Taken together, supplementation with 2 g/day EPA could be atheroprotective via the upregulation of PON2 in patients with T2DM. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03258840.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hassan Golzari
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14155-6446, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hassan Javanbakht
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14155-6446, Iran
| | - Ehsan Ghaedi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14155-6446, Iran
| | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Djalali
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14155-6446, Iran
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Variji A, Shokri Y, Fallahpour S, Zargari M, Bagheri B, Abediankenari S, Alizadeh A, Mahrooz A. The combined utility of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and paraoxonase 1 (PON1) as two important HDL-associated enzymes in coronary artery disease: Which has a stronger predictive role? Atherosclerosis 2019; 280:7-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Marín-Echeverri C, Blesso CN, Fernández ML, Galvis-Pérez Y, Ciro-Gómez G, Núñez-Rangel V, Aristizábal JC, Barona-Acevedo J. Effect of Agraz ( Vaccinium meridionale Swartz) on High-Density Lipoprotein Function and Inflammation in Women with Metabolic Syndrome. Antioxidants (Basel) 2018; 7:antiox7120185. [PMID: 30544803 PMCID: PMC6315480 DOI: 10.3390/antiox7120185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with low-grade inflammation and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) dysfunction. Polyphenol-rich foods may improve these alterations. Agraz is a fruit rich in polyphenols (mainly anthocyanins); however, there is limited information about its effects on human health. We evaluated the effects of agraz consumption as compared to placebo on HDL function and inflammation in women with MetS. Forty volunteers (25–60 years) were included in this double-blind crossover study. Women consumed agraz or placebo over 4 weeks; separated by a 4-week washout period. HDL function (apoliprotein-A1; paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity; cholesterol efflux capacity), oxidative stress (myeloperoxidase (MPO), advanced oxidation protein products) and inflammatory markers (serum cytokines/chemokines and peripheral blood mononuclear cell nuclear factor-kB) were measured after each period. Compared to placebo, agraz consumption did not significantly change any of the biomarkers measured. Interestingly, only after agraz period there were significant positive correlations between PON1 activities and cholesterol efflux. Additionally, there were significant inverse correlations between changes in inflammatory markers and HDL function markers and positive correlations with oxidative markers. Although polyphenol-rich foods have been shown to be beneficial for certain conditions; polyphenol-rich agraz fruit consumption did not impact inflammation and HDL function in the current study of women with MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalina Marín-Echeverri
- Food and therapeutic alternatives area, Ophidism Program, School of Microbiology, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín 050010, Colombia.
| | - Christopher N Blesso
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
| | - Maria Luz Fernández
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
| | - Yeisson Galvis-Pérez
- Food and therapeutic alternatives area, Ophidism Program, School of Microbiology, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín 050010, Colombia.
| | - Gelmy Ciro-Gómez
- Food and therapeutic alternatives area, Ophidism Program, School of Microbiology, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín 050010, Colombia.
| | - Vitelbina Núñez-Rangel
- Food and therapeutic alternatives area, Ophidism Program, School of Microbiology, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín 050010, Colombia.
| | - Juan C Aristizábal
- Research Group of Physiology and Biochemistry (PHYSIS), School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA. Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín 050010, Colombia.
| | - Jacqueline Barona-Acevedo
- Food and therapeutic alternatives area, Ophidism Program, School of Microbiology, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín 050010, Colombia.
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Near-infrared heat lamp therapeutic effect on paraoxonase 1 and myeloperoxidase as potential biomarkers of redox state changes induced by γ-irradiation in albino rats. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2018; 179:105-112. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Miyagi T, Asaumi Y, Nishimura K, Nakashima T, Sakamoto H, Nakao K, Kanaya T, Nagai T, Shimabukuro Y, Miyamoto Y, Fujita T, Kusano K, Anzai T, Kobayashi J, Noguchi T, Ogawa H, Yasuda S. Validation of the Coronary Artery Bypass Graft SYNTAX Score (Synergy Between Percutaneous Coronary Intervention With Taxus) as a Prognostic Marker for Patients With Previous Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Circ Cardiovasc Interv 2017; 9:CIRCINTERVENTIONS.115.003459. [PMID: 27578838 DOI: 10.1161/circinterventions.115.003459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The efficacy and prognosis of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) as secondary revascularization in patients with previous coronary artery bypass graft surgery remain uncertain. METHODS AND RESULTS We retrospectively evaluated 434 consecutive patients with previous coronary artery bypass graft surgery hospitalized for PCI between 2004 and 2011 (men 84%, age 71 (interquartile range, 66-76) years) and calculated the coronary artery bypass graft Synergy Between Percutaneous Coronary Intervention With Taxus score (CSS) before (baseline CSS) and after PCI (post-PCI CSS). Patients were divided into 2 groups based on median post-PCI CSS: low-score (≤23; n=217) and high-score groups (>23; n=217). Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) were defined as the composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, and unplanned repeat revascularization for myocardial ischemia. The median baseline and post-PCI CSS were 30 (interquartile range, 21-40) and 23 (interquartile range, 14.5-33.5), respectively. During a median follow-up of 69 months, the prevalence of MACE and cardiac death differed significantly between the 2 post-PCI CSS groups (MACE: low, 13.8%; high, 28.6%; P<0.001; cardiac death: low, 6.2%; high, 16.7%; P=0.002). In multivariable analysis, the high post-PCI CSS divided by the median was associated with substantially greater cumulative MACE (hazard ratio, 2.09; 95% confidence interval, 1.31-3.34; P=0.002) and cardiac death (hazard ratio, 2.02; 95% confidence interval, 1.03-3.98; P=0.042) compared with the low post-PCI CSS. Net reclassification improvement analysis revealed that post-PCI CSS resulted in significantly improved prediction of MACE and cardiac death compared with baseline CSS. CONCLUSIONS In this external validation study, the CSS was a potential prognostic factor after subsequent PCI, even for previous coronary artery bypass graft surgery patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadayoshi Miyagi
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (T.M., Y.A., T. Nakashima, H.S., K.N., T.K., T. Nagai, K.K., T.A., T. Noguchi, S.Y.), Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiologic Informatics (K.N., Y.M.), and Department of Cardiovascular Surgery (T.F., J.K.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Hospital, Suita, Japan; Division of Cardiology, Okinawa Chubu Hospital, Uruma, Japan (T.M., Y.S.); Department of Advanced Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan (T.M., T.A., S.Y.); and National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan (H.O.)
| | - Yasuhide Asaumi
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (T.M., Y.A., T. Nakashima, H.S., K.N., T.K., T. Nagai, K.K., T.A., T. Noguchi, S.Y.), Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiologic Informatics (K.N., Y.M.), and Department of Cardiovascular Surgery (T.F., J.K.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Hospital, Suita, Japan; Division of Cardiology, Okinawa Chubu Hospital, Uruma, Japan (T.M., Y.S.); Department of Advanced Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan (T.M., T.A., S.Y.); and National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan (H.O.).
| | - Kunihiro Nishimura
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (T.M., Y.A., T. Nakashima, H.S., K.N., T.K., T. Nagai, K.K., T.A., T. Noguchi, S.Y.), Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiologic Informatics (K.N., Y.M.), and Department of Cardiovascular Surgery (T.F., J.K.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Hospital, Suita, Japan; Division of Cardiology, Okinawa Chubu Hospital, Uruma, Japan (T.M., Y.S.); Department of Advanced Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan (T.M., T.A., S.Y.); and National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan (H.O.)
| | - Takahiro Nakashima
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (T.M., Y.A., T. Nakashima, H.S., K.N., T.K., T. Nagai, K.K., T.A., T. Noguchi, S.Y.), Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiologic Informatics (K.N., Y.M.), and Department of Cardiovascular Surgery (T.F., J.K.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Hospital, Suita, Japan; Division of Cardiology, Okinawa Chubu Hospital, Uruma, Japan (T.M., Y.S.); Department of Advanced Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan (T.M., T.A., S.Y.); and National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan (H.O.)
| | - Hiroki Sakamoto
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (T.M., Y.A., T. Nakashima, H.S., K.N., T.K., T. Nagai, K.K., T.A., T. Noguchi, S.Y.), Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiologic Informatics (K.N., Y.M.), and Department of Cardiovascular Surgery (T.F., J.K.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Hospital, Suita, Japan; Division of Cardiology, Okinawa Chubu Hospital, Uruma, Japan (T.M., Y.S.); Department of Advanced Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan (T.M., T.A., S.Y.); and National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan (H.O.)
| | - Kazuhiro Nakao
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (T.M., Y.A., T. Nakashima, H.S., K.N., T.K., T. Nagai, K.K., T.A., T. Noguchi, S.Y.), Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiologic Informatics (K.N., Y.M.), and Department of Cardiovascular Surgery (T.F., J.K.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Hospital, Suita, Japan; Division of Cardiology, Okinawa Chubu Hospital, Uruma, Japan (T.M., Y.S.); Department of Advanced Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan (T.M., T.A., S.Y.); and National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan (H.O.)
| | - Tomoaki Kanaya
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (T.M., Y.A., T. Nakashima, H.S., K.N., T.K., T. Nagai, K.K., T.A., T. Noguchi, S.Y.), Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiologic Informatics (K.N., Y.M.), and Department of Cardiovascular Surgery (T.F., J.K.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Hospital, Suita, Japan; Division of Cardiology, Okinawa Chubu Hospital, Uruma, Japan (T.M., Y.S.); Department of Advanced Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan (T.M., T.A., S.Y.); and National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan (H.O.)
| | - Toshiyuki Nagai
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (T.M., Y.A., T. Nakashima, H.S., K.N., T.K., T. Nagai, K.K., T.A., T. Noguchi, S.Y.), Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiologic Informatics (K.N., Y.M.), and Department of Cardiovascular Surgery (T.F., J.K.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Hospital, Suita, Japan; Division of Cardiology, Okinawa Chubu Hospital, Uruma, Japan (T.M., Y.S.); Department of Advanced Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan (T.M., T.A., S.Y.); and National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan (H.O.)
| | - Yuji Shimabukuro
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (T.M., Y.A., T. Nakashima, H.S., K.N., T.K., T. Nagai, K.K., T.A., T. Noguchi, S.Y.), Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiologic Informatics (K.N., Y.M.), and Department of Cardiovascular Surgery (T.F., J.K.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Hospital, Suita, Japan; Division of Cardiology, Okinawa Chubu Hospital, Uruma, Japan (T.M., Y.S.); Department of Advanced Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan (T.M., T.A., S.Y.); and National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan (H.O.)
| | - Yoshihiro Miyamoto
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (T.M., Y.A., T. Nakashima, H.S., K.N., T.K., T. Nagai, K.K., T.A., T. Noguchi, S.Y.), Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiologic Informatics (K.N., Y.M.), and Department of Cardiovascular Surgery (T.F., J.K.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Hospital, Suita, Japan; Division of Cardiology, Okinawa Chubu Hospital, Uruma, Japan (T.M., Y.S.); Department of Advanced Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan (T.M., T.A., S.Y.); and National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan (H.O.)
| | - Tomoyuki Fujita
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (T.M., Y.A., T. Nakashima, H.S., K.N., T.K., T. Nagai, K.K., T.A., T. Noguchi, S.Y.), Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiologic Informatics (K.N., Y.M.), and Department of Cardiovascular Surgery (T.F., J.K.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Hospital, Suita, Japan; Division of Cardiology, Okinawa Chubu Hospital, Uruma, Japan (T.M., Y.S.); Department of Advanced Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan (T.M., T.A., S.Y.); and National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan (H.O.)
| | - Kengo Kusano
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (T.M., Y.A., T. Nakashima, H.S., K.N., T.K., T. Nagai, K.K., T.A., T. Noguchi, S.Y.), Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiologic Informatics (K.N., Y.M.), and Department of Cardiovascular Surgery (T.F., J.K.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Hospital, Suita, Japan; Division of Cardiology, Okinawa Chubu Hospital, Uruma, Japan (T.M., Y.S.); Department of Advanced Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan (T.M., T.A., S.Y.); and National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan (H.O.)
| | - Toshihisa Anzai
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (T.M., Y.A., T. Nakashima, H.S., K.N., T.K., T. Nagai, K.K., T.A., T. Noguchi, S.Y.), Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiologic Informatics (K.N., Y.M.), and Department of Cardiovascular Surgery (T.F., J.K.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Hospital, Suita, Japan; Division of Cardiology, Okinawa Chubu Hospital, Uruma, Japan (T.M., Y.S.); Department of Advanced Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan (T.M., T.A., S.Y.); and National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan (H.O.)
| | - Junjirou Kobayashi
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (T.M., Y.A., T. Nakashima, H.S., K.N., T.K., T. Nagai, K.K., T.A., T. Noguchi, S.Y.), Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiologic Informatics (K.N., Y.M.), and Department of Cardiovascular Surgery (T.F., J.K.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Hospital, Suita, Japan; Division of Cardiology, Okinawa Chubu Hospital, Uruma, Japan (T.M., Y.S.); Department of Advanced Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan (T.M., T.A., S.Y.); and National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan (H.O.)
| | - Teruo Noguchi
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (T.M., Y.A., T. Nakashima, H.S., K.N., T.K., T. Nagai, K.K., T.A., T. Noguchi, S.Y.), Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiologic Informatics (K.N., Y.M.), and Department of Cardiovascular Surgery (T.F., J.K.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Hospital, Suita, Japan; Division of Cardiology, Okinawa Chubu Hospital, Uruma, Japan (T.M., Y.S.); Department of Advanced Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan (T.M., T.A., S.Y.); and National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan (H.O.)
| | - Hisao Ogawa
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (T.M., Y.A., T. Nakashima, H.S., K.N., T.K., T. Nagai, K.K., T.A., T. Noguchi, S.Y.), Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiologic Informatics (K.N., Y.M.), and Department of Cardiovascular Surgery (T.F., J.K.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Hospital, Suita, Japan; Division of Cardiology, Okinawa Chubu Hospital, Uruma, Japan (T.M., Y.S.); Department of Advanced Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan (T.M., T.A., S.Y.); and National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan (H.O.)
| | - Satoshi Yasuda
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (T.M., Y.A., T. Nakashima, H.S., K.N., T.K., T. Nagai, K.K., T.A., T. Noguchi, S.Y.), Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiologic Informatics (K.N., Y.M.), and Department of Cardiovascular Surgery (T.F., J.K.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Hospital, Suita, Japan; Division of Cardiology, Okinawa Chubu Hospital, Uruma, Japan (T.M., Y.S.); Department of Advanced Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan (T.M., T.A., S.Y.); and National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan (H.O.)
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Guirgis FW, Dodani S, Moldawer L, Leeuwenburgh C, Bowman J, Kalynych C, Jones AE, Reddy ST, Moore FA. Exploring the Predictive Ability of Dysfunctional High-Density Lipoprotein for Adverse Outcomes in Emergency Department Patients with Sepsis: A Preliminary Investigation. Shock 2017; 48:539-544. [PMID: 28452909 PMCID: PMC5643216 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000000887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High density lipoprotein (HDL) can be readily oxidized in inflammatory conditions and exhibit pro-inflammatory and dysfunctional (Dys-HDL) characteristics. We hypothesize that Dys-HDL may predict adverse outcomes and correlate with inflammatory cytokines in sepsis. METHODS Emergency department (ED) patients with sepsis were enrolled. Blood was drawn at enrollment and after 48 h. Dys-HDL, expressed as HDL inflammatory index (HII), and cytokines were measured. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the predictive ability of Dys-HDL for adverse outcomes (death, discharge to hospice, or nursing home). RESULTS Thirty-five patients were included in the study. HII was not significantly different at baseline or 48 h between patients with adverse outcomes versus those without. However, there was a significant difference in change in HII over the first 48 h between those with adverse outcomes (+0.21, 95% CI -0.13 to 0.31) versus those without (-0.11, 95% CI -1 to 0.11) (P = 0.025). Logistic regression revealed increasing HII to be an independent predictor of adverse outcomes (OR 5.2, 95% CI 1.1-25.1 P = 0.040). Of the 24 patents with cytokine measurements at both time points, significant inverse correlations between change in HII and change in GRO (rs = -0.52, P = 0.0088) and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (rs = -0.61, P = 0.0014) concentrations over 48 h were observed. CONCLUSION Increasing Dys-HDL concentrations in the first 48 h of sepsis are associated with an ongoing inflammatory response and adverse clinical outcomes. Early changes in HII may be a potential biomarker in ED patients admitted with sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faheem W Guirgis
- *Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville, Florida †Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida ‡Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida §Department of Aging and Geriatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida ||Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Mississippi College of Medicine, Jackson, Mississippi ¶Department of Medicine, Molecular, and Medical Pharmacology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
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36
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Stefanović A, Ristovski-Kornic D, Kotur-Stevuljević J, Spasojević-Kalimanovska V, Vekić J, Miljković M, Paripović D, Peco-Antic A, Jelić-Ivanović Z, Zeljković A. Alterations of HDL Particles in Children with End-stage Renal Disease. J Med Biochem 2017; 36:358-365. [PMID: 30581333 PMCID: PMC6294087 DOI: 10.1515/jomb-2017-0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Unfavorable lipid profile presents one of most important risk factor for cardiovascular disease in renal pathology. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) as enzyme which oxidizes lipoproteins and paraoxonase1 (PON1) as anti-oxidative enzyme have been involved in pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. In the present study we sought to assess oxidative stress status, lipoprotein subclasses distribution as well as functionality of high density lipoprotein (HDL) trough MPO/PON1 ratio in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and children after renal transplantation. Methods PON1 activity and oxidative stress parameters were measured spectrophotometrically, while MPO concentration was determined using immunoassay. Separation of lipoprotein subclasses was performed by vertical gradient gel electrophoresis in 19 children with different stage of CKD and 19 post-transplantation patients (PT). Results CKD patients had increased MPO/PON1 ratio and higher prevalence of smaller HDL subclasses when compared to PT subjects. Also, there was a significant positive correlation between MPO level and MPO/PON1 ratio with relative proportion of smaller HDL subclasses. Conclusion Children with CKD have impaired HDL distribution that is improved after kidney transplantation. Since that measurement of HDL distribution and functionality are not routinely available, MPO/PON1 ratio may be useful marker that could provide necessary information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Stefanović
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Jelena Kotur-Stevuljević
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Jelena Vekić
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Miljković
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dusan Paripović
- Department of Nephrology, University Children's Hospital, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Amira Peco-Antic
- Department of Nephrology, University Children's Hospital, Belgrade, Serbia.,Medical Faculty, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zorana Jelić-Ivanović
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Zeljković
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Sun T, Hu J, Yin Z, Xu Z, Zhang L, Fan L, Zhuo Y, Wang C. Low serum paraoxonase1 activity levels predict coronary artery disease severity. Oncotarget 2017; 8:19443-19454. [PMID: 28038449 PMCID: PMC5386696 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Paraoxonase1 (PON1) activity is closely related to coronary artery disease (CAD). However, whether PON1 activity can predict the degree of coronary stenosis remains unknown. In the present study, the serum PON1 activity and related factors that influence PON1 activity were analyzed in 186 patients with diagnostic coronary angiography. The serum PON1 activity was determined using a spectrophotometry-based assay in 186 patients with diagnostic coronary angiography, in which coronary stenosis severity was graded and clinically defined as single- or multi-vessel stenosis >50%. Target lesion stenosis was quantified via quantitative coronary angiography (QCA). The serum PON1 activity was significantly decreased in the CAD group, the multiple coronary stenosis subgroup, and the diabetes mellitus subgroup compared with each control group. The PON1 activity was positively correlated with the High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and Apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1). Males, smoking, diabetes, and heart failure were identified as factors that influenced PON1 activity. Furthermore, a Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (ROC) analysis indicated that a PON1 activity cut-off point of 330 U/L could predict CAD with a sensitivity of 52% and a specificity of 65%. In conclusion, low PON1 activity predicted the degree of coronary lesion, particularly in multiple vessel lesions, smokers, and diabetes, which may represent a biochemical marker for the severity of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jingchao Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Zhaofang Yin
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Zuojun Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Li Fan
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yang Zhuo
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Changqian Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
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Novel mechanism of regulation of the 5-lipoxygenase/leukotriene B 4 pathway by high-density lipoprotein in macrophages. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12989. [PMID: 29021582 PMCID: PMC5636875 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13154-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) interacts with various cells, particularly macrophages, in functional cell-HDL interactions. Here, we found that HDL protein quality and lipid quality play critical roles in HDL functions. HDL fractions from healthy volunteers (HDLHealthy) and patients with recurrent coronary atherosclerotic disease (HDLCAD) were prepared. To analyse functional HDL-macrophage interactions, macrophages were co-incubated with each HDL, and lipid mediator production was assessed by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry-based metabololipidomics. HDLHealthy treatment attenuated the pro-inflammatory lipid mediator production, particularly that of leukotriene (LT) B4, and this treatment enhanced lipoxin (LX) B4 and resolvin (Rv) E2 production. HDLHealthy treatment enhanced the proteasome-mediated degradation of the LTB4-producing enzyme 5-lipoxygenase (LO) in activated macrophages; however, HDLCAD did not show these anti-inflammatory effects. HDLHealthy was engulfed by macrophages via clathrin-mediated endocytosis, which was a critical step in 5-LO/LTB4 regulation. We also found that HDLCAD showed higher levels of the LTB4-producing enzymes and thus promoted LTB4 production from HDLCAD. In addition, LTB4 attenuated HDL endocytosis, HDL-mediated 5-LO degradation in macrophages, and HDL-derived augmentation of macrophage phagocytosis. These results indicated that local LTB4 produced de novo from HDLCAD regulates HDL-macrophage functional interactions and plays critical roles in dysfunctional, inflammatory HDL characteristics.
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Dysfunctional high-density lipoproteins have distinct composition, diminished anti-inflammatory potential and discriminate acute coronary syndrome from stable coronary artery disease patients. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7295. [PMID: 28779156 PMCID: PMC5544737 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07821-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a stringent need to find means for risk stratification of coronary artery diseases (CAD) patients. We aimed at identifying alterations of plasma high-density lipoproteins (HDL) components and their validation as dysfunctional HDL that could discriminate between acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and stable angina (SA) patients. HDL2 and HDL3 were isolated from CAD patients’ plasma and healthy subjects. ApolipoproteinAI (apoAI), apoAII, apoCIII, malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), ceruloplasmin and paraoxonase1 (PON1) were assessed. The anti-inflammatory potential of HDL subfractions was tested by evaluating the secreted inflammatory molecules of tumor necrosis factor α-activated endothelial cells (EC) upon co-incubation with HDL2 or HDL3. We found in ACS versus SA patients: 40% increased MPO, MDA, apoCIII in HDL2 and HDL3, 35% augmented apoAII in HDL2, and in HDL3 increased ceruloplasmin, decreased apoAII (40%) and PON1 protein and activity (15% and 25%). Co-incubation of activated EC with HDL2 or HDL3 from CAD patients induced significantly increased levels of secreted inflammatory molecules, 15–20% more for ACS versus SA. In conclusion, the assessed panel of markers correlates with the reduced anti-inflammatory potential of HDL subfractions isolated from ACS and SA patients (mostly for HDL3 from ACS) and can discriminate between these two groups of CAD patients.
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Ma A, Wang J, Yang L, An Y, Zhu H. AMPK activation enhances the anti-atherogenic effects of high density lipoproteins in apoE -/- mice. J Lipid Res 2017; 58:1536-1547. [PMID: 28611100 PMCID: PMC5538277 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m073270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
HDL plays crucial roles at multiple stages of the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a therapeutic candidate for the treatment of cardiovascular disease. However, the effect of AMPK activation on HDL functionality has not been established in vivo. We assessed the effects of pharmacological AMPK activation using A-769662, AICAR, metformin, and IMM-H007 on the atheroprotective functions of HDL in apoE-deficient (apoE−/−) mice fed with a high-fat diet. After administration, there were no changes in serum lipid levels among the groups. However, mice treated with AMPK activators showed significantly enhanced reverse cholesterol transport in vivo and in vitro. AMPK activation also increased the expression of ABCA1 and ABCG1 in macrophages and scavenger receptor class B type I and LCAT in the liver. HDL from AMPK activation mice exhibited lower HDL inflammatory index and myeloperoxidase activity and higher paraoxonase 1 activity than HDL from untreated mice, implying superior antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacities. Pharmacological AMPK activation also induced polarization of macrophages to the M2 state and reduced plasma lipid peroxidation, inflammatory cytokine production, and atherosclerotic plaque formation in apoE−/− mice. These observations suggest that pharmacological AMPK activation enhances the anti-atherogenic properties of HDL in vivo. This likely represents a key mechanism by which AMPK activation attenuates atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ang Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study, and Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study, and Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Liu Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study, and Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan An
- State Key Laboratory for Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study, and Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Haibo Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study, and Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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41
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Khine HW, Teiber JF, Haley RW, Khera A, Ayers CR, Rohatgi A. Association of the serum myeloperoxidase/high-density lipoprotein particle ratio and incident cardiovascular events in a multi-ethnic population: Observations from the Dallas Heart Study. Atherosclerosis 2017. [PMID: 28645072 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Myeloperoxidase (MPO), a product of systemic inflammation, promotes oxidation of lipoproteins; whereas, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) exerts anti-oxidative effects in part via paraoxonase-1 (PON1). MPO induces dysfunctional HDL particles; however, the interaction of circulating levels of these measures in cardiovascular disease (CVD) has not been studied in humans. We tested whether serum levels of MPO indexed to HDL particle concentration (MPO/HDLp) are associated with increased CVD risk in a large multiethnic population sample, free of CVD at baseline. METHODS Levels of MPO, HDL-C, and HDL particle concentration (HDLp) by NMR were measured at baseline in 2924 adults free of CVD. The associations of MPO/HDLp with incident ASCVD (first non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal stroke, coronary revascularization, or CVD death) and total CVD were assessed in Cox proportional-hazards models adjusted for traditional risk factors. The median follow-up period was 9.4 years. RESULTS Adjusted for sex and race/ethnicity, MPO/HDLp was associated directly with body mass index, smoking status, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and interleukin 18, and inversely with age, HDL-C levels, HDL size, and PON1 arylesterase activity, but not with cholesterol efflux. In fully adjusted models, the highest versus lowest quartile of MPO/HDLp was associated with a 74% increase in incident ASCVD (aHR, 1.74, 95% CI 1.12-2.70) and a 91% increase in total incident CVD (aHR, 1.91, 95% CI 1.27-2.85). CONCLUSIONS Increased MPO indexed to HDL particle concentration (MPO/HDLp) at baseline is associated with increased risk of incident CVD events in a population initially free of CVD over the 9.4 year period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Htet W Khine
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - John F Teiber
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Robert W Haley
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Amit Khera
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Colby R Ayers
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Anand Rohatgi
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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Harada A, Toh R, Murakami K, Kiriyama M, Yoshikawa K, Miwa K, Kubo T, Irino Y, Mori K, Tanaka N, Nishimura K, Ishida T, Hirata KI. Cholesterol Uptake Capacity: A New Measure of HDL Functionality for Coronary Risk Assessment. J Appl Lab Med 2017; 2:186-200. [PMID: 32630971 DOI: 10.1373/jalm.2016.022913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have shown that the cholesterol efflux capacity of HDL is a better predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD) than HDL cholesterol. However, the standard procedures used for measuring cholesterol efflux capacity involve radioisotope-labeled cholesterol and cultured macrophages. Thus, a simpler method to measure HDL functionality is needed for clinical application. METHODS We established a cell-free assay system to evaluate the capacity of HDL to accept additional cholesterol, which we named cholesterol "uptake capacity," using fluorescently labeled cholesterol and an anti-apolipoprotein A1 antibody. We quantified cholesterol uptake capacity of apolipoprotein B (apoB)-depleted serum samples from patients with coronary artery disease who had previously undergone revascularization. RESULTS This assay system exhibited high reproducibility (CV <10%) and a short processing time (<6 h). The myeloperoxidase-mediated oxidation of apoB-depleted serum impaired cholesterol uptake capacity. Cholesterol uptake capacity correlated significantly with cholesterol efflux capacity (r2 = 0.47, n = 30). Furthermore, cholesterol uptake capacity correlated inversely with the requirement for revascularization because of recurrence of coronary lesions in patients with optimal control of LDL cholesterol (P < 0.01, n = 156). A multivariate analysis adjusted for traditional coronary risk factors showed that only cholesterol uptake capacity remained significant (odds ratio, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.29-0.80; P = 0.0048). CONCLUSIONS Cholesterol uptake capacity assay evaluates the functionality of HDL in a sensitive and high-throughput manner without using radioisotope label and cells. This assay system could be used for the assessment of CVD risk in the clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amane Harada
- Central Research Laboratories, Sysmex Corporation, Kobe, Japan
| | - Ryuji Toh
- Division of Evidence-Based Laboratory Medicine and
| | | | - Maria Kiriyama
- Central Research Laboratories, Sysmex Corporation, Kobe, Japan
| | - Keiko Yoshikawa
- Central Research Laboratories, Sysmex Corporation, Kobe, Japan
| | - Keiko Miwa
- Central Research Laboratories, Sysmex Corporation, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takuya Kubo
- Central Research Laboratories, Sysmex Corporation, Kobe, Japan
| | | | - Kenta Mori
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Tanaka
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kunihiro Nishimura
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiologic Informatics, Office of Evidence-Based Medicine and Risk Analysis, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Ishida
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Hirata
- Division of Evidence-Based Laboratory Medicine and.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
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Cholesterol Efflux Capacity of Apolipoprotein A-I Varies with the Extent of Differentiation and Foam Cell Formation of THP-1 Cells. J Lipids 2016; 2016:9891316. [PMID: 27957343 PMCID: PMC5120203 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9891316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I), the main protein component of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), has many protective functions against atherosclerosis, one of them being cholesterol efflux capacity. Although cholesterol efflux capacity measurement is suggested to be a key biomarker for evaluating the risk of development of atherosclerosis, the assay has not been optimized till date. This study aims at investigating the effect of different states of cells on the cholesterol efflux capacity. We also studied the effect of apoA-I modification by homocysteine, a risk factor for atherosclerosis, on cholesterol efflux capacity in different states of cells. The cholesterol efflux capacity of apoA-I was greatly influenced by the extent of differentiation of THP-1 cells and attenuated by excessive foam cell formation. N-Homocysteinylated apoA-I indicated a lower cholesterol efflux capacity than normal apoA-I in the optimized condition, whereas no significant difference was observed in the cholesterol efflux capacity between apoA-I in the excessive cell differentiation or foam cell formation states. These results suggest that cholesterol efflux capacity of apoA-I varies depending on the state of cells. Therefore, the cholesterol efflux assay should be performed using protocols optimized according to the objective of the experiment.
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Chistiakov DA, Melnichenko AA, Orekhov AN, Bobryshev YV. Paraoxonase and atherosclerosis-related cardiovascular diseases. Biochimie 2016; 132:19-27. [PMID: 27771368 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2016.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In humans, three paraoxonase (PON1, PON2, and PON3) genes are clustered on chromosome 7 at a locus that spans a distance around 170 kb. These genes are highly homologous to each other and have a similar protein structural organization. PON2 is the intracellular enzyme, which is expressed in many tissues and organs, while two other members of PON gene family are produced by liver and associate with high density lipoprotein (HDL). The lactonase activity is the ancestral. Besides lactones and organic phosphates, PONs can hydrolyze and therefore detoxify oxidized low density lipoprotein and homocysteine thiolactone, i.e. two cytotoxic compounds with a strong proatherogenic action. Indeed, PONs possess numerous atheroprotective properties, which include antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory action, preserving HDL function, stimulation of cholesterol efflux, anti-apoptosis, anti-thrombosis, and anti-adhesion. PON genetic polymorphisms contribute to susceptibility/protection from atherosclerosis-related diseases. The bright antiatherogenic activity of the PON cluster makes it a promising target for the development of new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitry A Chistiakov
- Department of Molecular Genetic Diagnostics and Cell Biology, Division of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Pediatrics, Research Center for Children's Health, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexandra A Melnichenko
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, 125315, Russia; Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Skolkovo Innovative Center, Moscow, 121609, Russia
| | - Alexander N Orekhov
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, 125315, Russia; Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Skolkovo Innovative Center, Moscow, 121609, Russia; Department of Biophysics, Biological Faculty, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia; National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, 101000, Russia
| | - Yuri V Bobryshev
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, 125315, Russia; Faculty of Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Western Sydney, Campbelltown, NSW, 2560, Australia.
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45
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High-density Lipoprotein and Inflammation and Its Significance to Atherosclerosis. Am J Med Sci 2016; 352:408-415. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2016.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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46
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Zsíros N, Koncsos P, Lőrincz H, Seres I, Katkó M, Szentpéteri A, Varga VE, Fülöp P, Paragh G, Harangi M. Paraoxonase-1 arylesterase activity is an independent predictor of myeloperoxidase levels in overweight patients with or without cardiovascular complications. Clin Biochem 2016; 49:862-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2016.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Papageorgiou N, Zacharia E, Androulakis E, Briasoulis A, Charakida M, Tousoulis D. HDL as a prognostic biomarker for coronary atherosclerosis: the role of inflammation. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2016; 20:907-21. [PMID: 26854521 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2016.1152264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Emerging evidence suggests that the role of high density lipoprotein (HDL) in the atherosclerotic process is not as clear as previously thought, since atheroprotective HDL becomes atherogenic in states of increased inflammatory processes. AREAS COVERED In this review we aim to elucidate the role of HDL as a prognostic biomarker and we discuss therapeutic approaches that aim to increase HDL and their possible clinical benefit. EXPERT OPINION Given the structural variability and biological complexity of the HDL particle, its role in the atherosclerotic process is far from clear. According to current evidence, the atheroprotective role of HDL turns atherogenic in states of increased inflammatory processes, while even minor alterations in systemic inflammation are likely to hinder the endothelial protective effects of HDL. In accordance, significant data have revealed that HDL-related drugs may be effective in reducing cardiovascular mortality; however they are not as encouraging or unanimous as expected. Possible future goals could be to quantify either HDL subclasses or functions in an attempt to reach safer conclusions as to the prognostic importance of HDL in coronary atherosclerosis. Having achieved that, a more targeted therapy that would aim to raise either HDL functionality or to remodel HDL structure would be more easily designed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Effimia Zacharia
- b 1st Department of Cardiology , Hippokration Hospital, University of Athens , Athens , Greece
| | | | - Alexandros Briasoulis
- d Division of Cardiology , Wayne State University/Detroit Medical Center , Detroit , MI , USA
| | - Marietta Charakida
- e Vascular Physiology Unit, Institute of Cardiovascular Science , University College London , London , UK
| | - Dimitris Tousoulis
- b 1st Department of Cardiology , Hippokration Hospital, University of Athens , Athens , Greece
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MiR-486 and miR-92a Identified in Circulating HDL Discriminate between Stable and Vulnerable Coronary Artery Disease Patients. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0140958. [PMID: 26485305 PMCID: PMC4617647 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Small non-coding microRNAs (miRNAs) are implicated in gene regulation, including those involved in coronary artery disease (CAD). Our aim was to identify whether specific serum miRNAs present in the circulating lipoproteins (Lp) are associated with stable or vulnerable CAD patients. A cardiovascular disease-focused screening array was used to assess miRNAs distribution in sera collected from 95 CAD patients: 30 with stable angina (SA), 39 with unstable angina (UA), 26 at one month after myocardial infarction (MI) and 16 healthy control subjects. We found that miR-486, miR-92a and miR-122 presented the highest expression in CAD sera. These miRNA together with miR-125a, miR-146a and miR-33a were further individually analyzed by TaqMan assays. The results were consistent with PCR-array screening data that all of these miRNAs were significantly increased in CAD patients compared to controls. Using a binary logistic regression model, we established that miR-486 and miR-92a in association with some high-density lipoprotein (HDL) components can designate vulnerable CAD patients. Further, all classes of Lp were isolated from sera by density gradient ultracentrifugation. Analysis of the selected miRNAs in each Lp class showed that they were associated mainly with HDL, miR-486 and miR-92a having the highest levels. In UA and MI patients, miR-486 prevailed in HDL2, while miR-92a prevailed in HDL3, and their levels discriminate between stable and vulnerable CAD patients. We identified two circulating miRNAs that in association with some lipid metabolism biomarkers can be used as an additional tool to designate vulnerable CAD patients.
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Soran H, Schofield JD, Durrington PN. Antioxidant properties of HDL. Front Pharmacol 2015; 6:222. [PMID: 26528181 PMCID: PMC4607861 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2015.00222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) provides a pathway for the passage of lipid peroxides and lysophospholipids to the liver via hepatic scavenger receptors. Perhaps more importantly, HDL actually metabolizes lipid hydroperoxides preventing their accumulation on low-density lipoprotein (LDL), thus impeding its atherogenic structural modification. A number of candidates have been suggested to be responsible for HDL's antioxidant function, with paraoxonase-1 (PON1) perhaps the most prominent. Here we review the evidence for HDL anti-oxidative function and the potential contributions of apolipoproteins, lipid transfer proteins, paraoxonases and other enzymes associated with HDL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Handrean Soran
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Core Technology Facility, University of Manchester Manchester, UK ; Cardiovascular Trials Unit, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Manchester, UK
| | - Jonathan D Schofield
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Core Technology Facility, University of Manchester Manchester, UK ; Cardiovascular Trials Unit, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Manchester, UK
| | - Paul N Durrington
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Core Technology Facility, University of Manchester Manchester, UK
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50
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Stancu CS, Carnuta MG, Sanda GM, Toma L, Deleanu M, Niculescu LS, Sasson S, Simionescu M, Sima AV. Hyperlipidemia-induced hepatic and small intestine ER stress and decreased paraoxonase 1 expression and activity is associated with HDL dysfunction in Syrian hamsters. Mol Nutr Food Res 2015; 59:2293-302. [PMID: 26304773 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201500422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Revised: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE We aimed at investigating the mechanisms linking hyperlipidemia (HL) with dysfunctional HDL and its main antioxidant enzyme, paraoxonase1 (PON1). PON1 expression and activity was determined in the small intestine, liver, and sera of normal and HL hamsters and associated with the ER stress (ERS) and the development of aortic valve lesions. METHODS AND RESULTS Male Golden Syrian hamsters were fed standard chow (N) or standard diet with 3% cholesterol and 15% butter for 16 weeks. All hamsters on fat diet developed HL, 50% also hyperglycemia (HLHG) and a fourfold increased homeostasis model assessment of insuline resistance. PON1 expression was reduced in the small intestine and liver (N > HL > HLHG) along with the increased extent of ERS, oxidized lipids, and decreased expression of liver X receptors beta (LXRβ) in the small intestine, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) in the liver, and of the glucose transporter 4 in the myocardium. Serum PON1 levels decreased along with the increase of oxidized LDL and lesion areas of the aortic valves (N > HL > HLHG). CONCLUSION The fat diet activates the ERS and oxidative stress, decreases LXRβ, PPARγ, and PON1 in the small intestine, liver, and sera of all HL animals, in parallel with the appearance of atherosclerotic lesions in the aortic valves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camelia S Stancu
- Department of Lipidomics, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela G Carnuta
- Department of Lipidomics, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gabriela M Sanda
- Department of Lipidomics, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Laura Toma
- Department of Lipidomics, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mariana Deleanu
- Department of Lipidomics, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania.,Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Agronomical Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Loredan S Niculescu
- Department of Lipidomics, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Shlomo Sasson
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Maya Simionescu
- Department of Lipidomics, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anca V Sima
- Department of Lipidomics, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
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