1
|
Mohammadi N, Farrell M, O'Sullivan L, Langan A, Franchin M, Azevedo L, Granato D. Effectiveness of anthocyanin-containing foods and nutraceuticals in mitigating oxidative stress, inflammation, and cardiovascular health-related biomarkers: a systematic review of animal and human interventions. Food Funct 2024; 15:3274-3299. [PMID: 38482946 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04579j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a group of chronic health disorders prevalent worldwide that claim millions of lives yearly. Inflammation and oxidative stress are intricately associated with myocardial tissue damage, endothelial dysfunction, and increased odds of heart failure. Thus, dietary strategies aimed at decreasing the odds of CVDs are paramount. In this regard, the consumption of anthocyanins, natural pigments found in edible flowers, fruits, and vegetables, has attracted attention due to their potential to promote cardiovascular health. The main mechanisms of action linked with their protective effects on antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, serum lipid profile modulation, and other cardiovascular health parameters are explained and exemplified. However, little is known about the dose-dependency nature of the effects, which anthocyanin has better efficiency, and whether anthocyanin-containing foods display better in vivo efficacy than nutraceuticals (i.e., concentrated extracts containing higher levels of anthocyanins than foods). Thus, this systematic review focused on determining the effects of anthocyanin-containing foods and nutraceuticals on biomarkers associated with CVDs using animal studies and human interventions supported by in vitro mechanistic insights. Overall, the results showed that the regular consumption of anthocyanin-containing foods and nutraceuticals improved vascular function, lipid profile, and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The daily dosage, the participants' health status, and the duration of the intervention also significantly influenced the results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nima Mohammadi
- University of Limerick, School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Department of Biological Sciences, Bioactivity and Applications Lab, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Michelle Farrell
- University of Limerick, School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Department of Biological Sciences, Bioactivity and Applications Lab, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Laura O'Sullivan
- University of Limerick, School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Department of Biological Sciences, Bioactivity and Applications Lab, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Andrea Langan
- University of Limerick, School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Department of Biological Sciences, Bioactivity and Applications Lab, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Marcelo Franchin
- University of Limerick, School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Department of Biological Sciences, Bioactivity and Applications Lab, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Luciana Azevedo
- Federal University of Alfenas, In Vitro and In Vivo Nutritional and Toxicological Analysis Laboratory, Av. Jovino Fernandes Sales, 2600, Bairro Santa Clara - CEP 37133-840, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Daniel Granato
- University of Limerick, School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Department of Biological Sciences, Bioactivity and Applications Lab, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland.
- Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Xu Z, Zhou H, Li L, Chen Z, Zhang X, Feng Y, Wang J, Li Y, Wu Y. Immunoassay System Based on the Technology of Time-Resolved Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:1430. [PMID: 38474966 DOI: 10.3390/s24051430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
To enhance the specificity and sensitivity, cut the cost, and realize joint detection of multiple indicators, an immunoassay system based on the technology of time-resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer (TR-FRET) was studied. Due to the FRET of the reagent, the donor probe and acceptor probe emitted specific fluorescence to enhance specificity. Long-lifetime specific fluorescence from the acceptor probe was combined with time-resolved technology to enhance sensitivity. A xenon flash lamp and a photomultiplier tube (PMT) were selected as the light source and detector, respectively. A filter-switching mechanism was placed in the light path, so the fluorescence signal from the donor and acceptor was measured alternately. The instrument's design is given, and some specificI parts are described in detail. Key technical specifications of the instrument and procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP), and interleukin-6(IL-6) were tested, and the test results were presented subsequently. The CV value of the self-designed counting module is better than 0.01%, and the instrument noises for 620 nm and 665 nm are 41.44 and 10.59, respectively. When set at 37 °C, the temperature bias (B) is 0.06 °C, and the temperature fluctuation is 0.10 °C. The CV and bias are between ±3% and 5%, respectively, when pipetting volumes are between 10 μL and 100 μL. Within the concentration range of 0.01 nM to 10 nM, the luminescence values exhibit linear regression correlation coefficients greater than 0.999. For PCT detection, when the concentration ranges from 0.02 ng/mL to 50 ng/mL, the correlation coefficient of linear fitting exceeds 0.999, and the limit of quantification is 0.096 ng/mL. For CRP and IL-6, the detection concentration ranges from 0 ng/mL to 500 ng/mL and 0 ng/mL to 20 ng/mL, respectively, with limits of quantification of 2.70 ng/mL and 2.82 ng/mL, respectively. The experimental results confirm the feasibility of the technical and instrumental solutions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengping Xu
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, China
| | - Li Li
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, China
| | - Zhang Chen
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, China
| | - Yongtong Feng
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, China
| | - Jianping Wang
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Chongqing Guoke Medical Innovation Technology Development Co., Ltd., Chongqing 401122, China
| | - Yanfan Wu
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gogga P, Mika A, Janczy A, Sztendel A, Sledzinski T, Małgorzewicz S. Profiles of Serum Fatty Acids in Healthy Women on Different Types of Vegetarian Diets. Nutrients 2024; 16:516. [PMID: 38398839 PMCID: PMC10891928 DOI: 10.3390/nu16040516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant-based dietary patterns are a source of different amounts and proportions of fatty acids (FAs) from those in traditional diets. Information about the full FAs profile provided by plant-based diets is widely lacking. The aim of this study was to present the exact serum profiles of FAs among people on a plant-based diet compared with omnivorous subjects. METHODS FAs compositions and inflammation statuses (based on serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels) were studied in serum samples obtained from 102 female volunteers (divided into four groups: vegans, vegetarians, pescatarians, and omnivores). The quality of the volunteers' diets was assessed based on seven-day dietary records. RESULTS Both vegans and vegetarians had lower total n-3 PUFAs, EPA, and DHA serum levels than omnivores. Decreased levels of these FAs presumably did not cause inflammation in vegetarians and vegans, as vegetarians had similar serum levels of CRP compared to omnivores, and vegans had even lower levels. CONCLUSION The analysis of serum FAs and CRP levels in vegetarians and vegans suggests that factors other than diet alone influence inflammation and overall health status. Further research on long-term plant-based diet users is needed to better understand this issue, and supplementation with EPA and DHA is worth considering in vegans and vegetarians.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Gogga
- Department of Food Commodity Science, Medical University of Gdansk, ul. Debinki 7, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland;
| | - Adriana Mika
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, ul. Debinki 1, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (A.M.); (A.S.); (T.S.)
- Department of Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, ul. Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Agata Janczy
- Department of Food Commodity Science, Medical University of Gdansk, ul. Debinki 7, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland;
| | - Alicja Sztendel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, ul. Debinki 1, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (A.M.); (A.S.); (T.S.)
| | - Tomasz Sledzinski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, ul. Debinki 1, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (A.M.); (A.S.); (T.S.)
| | - Sylwia Małgorzewicz
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Medical University of Gdansk, ul. Debinki 7, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gozdzik P, Czumaj A, Sledzinski T, Mika A. Branched-chain fatty acids affect the expression of fatty acid synthase and C-reactive protein genes in the hepatocyte cell line. Biosci Rep 2023; 43:BSR20230114. [PMID: 37850622 PMCID: PMC10619197 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20230114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatty acids (FAs) are known to play an important role in human metabolism; however, still little is known about the functions of certain FA classes present in blood at relatively low concentrations. Examples of such compounds include branched-chain fatty acids (BCFAs). Recently, lowered BCFAs blood concentration was noticed in obese patients. An inverse correlation was found between serum concentrations of BCFAs and triglyceride levels, as well as C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration. Obesity is the most frequently observed component of metabolic syndrome and both disorders are accompanied by the dysregulation of FAs metabolism. However, not all of them are well understood. Our study is the first attempt at presenting the opposite effects of an iso-BCFA (14-methylpentadecanoic acid, 14-MPA) and an anteiso-BCFA (12-methyltetradecanoic acid, 12-MTA) on selected genes related to fatty acid synthesis and inflammation: FASN, SREBP1, CRP, and IL-6 in the HepG2 cell line. We observed lowered expression of FASN, SREBP1, CRP, and IL-6 in cells treated with 14-MPA in comparison with control cells. In contrast, supplementation with 12-MTA caused opposite effects: increased mRNA levels of FASN, CRP, and IL-6. 12-MTA did not influence SREBP1 expression. The results of our preliminary study may suggest potential benefits of the supplementation of iso-BCFAs in obese patients, for inflammation and hypertriglyceridemia prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Gozdzik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Czumaj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Tomasz Sledzinski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Adriana Mika
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland
- Department of Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang Q, Liu Y, Xu Z, Wang Z, Xue M, Li X, Wang Y. Causality of anti- Helicobacter pylori IgG levels on myocardial infarction and potential pathogenesis: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1259579. [PMID: 37779702 PMCID: PMC10538966 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1259579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Previous observational studies have shown that a potential relationship between anti-Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) IgG levels and Myocardial Infarction (MI). Nevertheless, the evidence for the causal inferences remains disputable. To further clarify the relationship between anti-H. pylori IgG levels and MI and explore its pathogenesis, we conducted a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Methods In this study, we used two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) to assess the causality of anti-H. pylori IgG levels on MI and potential pathogenesis, 12 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to anti-H. pylori IgG levels were obtained from the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI). Summary data from a large-scale GWAS meta-analysis of MI was utilized as the outcome dataset. Summary data of mediators was obtained from the FinnGen database, the UK Biobank, the EBI database, MRC-IEU database, the International Consortium of Blood Pressure, the Consortium of Within family GWAS. Inverse variance weighted (IVW) analysis under the fixed effect model was identified as our main method. To ensure the reliability of the findings, many sensitivity analyses were performed. Results Our study revealed that increases of anti-H. pylori IgG levels were significantly related to an increased risk of MI (OR, 1.104; 95% CI,1.042-1.169; p = 7.084 × 10-4) and decreases in HDL cholesterol levels (β, -0.016; 95% CI, -0.026 to -0.006; p = 2.02 × 10-3). In addition, there was no heterogeneity or pleiotropy in our findings. Conclusion This two-sample MR analysis revealed the causality of anti-H. pylori IgG levels on MI, which might be explained by lower HDL cholesterol levels. Further research is needed to clarify the results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiubo Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia, Jinan, China
- Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Yingbo Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhenxing Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia, Jinan, China
| | - Zhimiao Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia, Jinan, China
| | - Mei Xue
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia, Jinan, China
| | - Xinran Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia, Jinan, China
| | - Ye Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia, Jinan, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sivaraj N, Boppana S, Ravula N, Simhachalam Kutikuppala LV, Raja Hamsa CH, Mahajan S, Chaitanya PS. Prevalence of resistant hypertension and its relation with plasma lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES 2023. [DOI: 10.4103/jncd.jncd_80_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
|
7
|
Kelesoglu S, Yilmaz Y, Elcik D, Bireciklioglu F, Ozdemir F, Balcı F, Tuncay A, Kalay N. Increased Serum Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index is Independently Associated With Severity of Carotid Artery Stenosis. Angiology 2022:33197221144934. [DOI: 10.1177/00033197221144934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality. The present study investigated how the systemic immune inflammation index (SII) could be used to predict the likelihood of developing carotid artery stenosis (CAS), which can be seen using carotid artery angiography (CAAG). This study comprised 418 individuals who underwent CAAG for CAS. SII was calculated by multiplying the platelet count by the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR). The patients were divided into two groups: non-critical and critical CAS (stenosis below %70 and above ≥70%, respectively). Compared with the non-critical CAS, the critical CAS group had greater high sensitivity C-reactive protein levels (4.5 [3.1-5.7] vs 3.9 [2-5] [mg/L], P < .001), NLR (4.1 [2.9-7.5] vs 2.9 [1.8-3.7], P < .001), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (233 [110-297] vs 119 [96-197], P < .001), and SII (860 [608-2455] vs 604 [458-740], P < .001). Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve analysis demonstrated the best cutoff value of 672.3 for SII to predict the critical CAS with 71.2% sensitivity and 60.1% specificity. According to our study, an increase in SII is an independent predictor of the severity of CAS in patients undergoing CAAG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saban Kelesoglu
- Department of Cardiology, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Yucel Yilmaz
- Department of Cardiology, Kayseri City Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Deniz Elcik
- Department of Cardiology, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Fehmi Bireciklioglu
- Department of Cardiology, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Fatma Ozdemir
- Department of Cardiology, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Fatih Balcı
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Kayseri City Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Aydin Tuncay
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Nihat Kalay
- Department of Cardiology, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mozzoni P, Iodice S, Persico N, Ferrari L, Pinelli S, Corradi M, Rossi S, Miragoli M, Bergamaschi E, Bollati V. Maternal air pollution exposure during the first trimester of pregnancy and markers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 212:113216. [PMID: 35364045 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal exposure to air pollutants has been associated with pregnancy complications and adverse birth outcomes. Endothelial dysfunction, an imbalance in vascular function, during pregnancy is considered a key element in the development of pre-eclampsia. Environmental exposure to particulate matter (PM) during the first trimester of pregnancy might increase maternal inflammatory status thus affecting fetal growth, possibly leading to preterm delivery. OBJECTIVES The purpose of the study was to evaluate possible effects of PM10 and PM2.5 exposure on fetal growth in healthy pregnant women at the end of the first trimester of pregnancy by investigating the relationship between circulating biomarkers of inflammation (IL-6), early systemic prothrombotic effects (CRP, plasma fibrinogen, PAI-1) and endothelial dysfunction (sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1). METHODS 295 pregnant women were recruited. Individual PM exposure was assigned to each subject by calculating the mean of PM10 and PM2.5 daily values observed during the 30, 60, and 90 days preceding enrolment (long-term) and single lag days back to fourteen days (short-term), and circulating plasma biomarkers were determined. RESULTS For long-term exposure, we observed an increase in sVCAM-1 and a decrease of PAI-1 levels for each 10 μg/m3 increase in PM10 concentration. Decreases in IL-6 and CRP levels were associated with each 10 μg/m3 PM2.5 increase. For short-term exposure, the levels of sVCAM-1 and PAI-1 were found to be associated with PM10 exposure, whereas fibrinogen levels were associated with PM2.5 exposure. Maternal plasmatic fibrinogen levels were negatively associated with the crown-rump length (p-value = 0.008). DISCUSSION The present study showed that both long- and short-term exposures to PM are associated with changes in circulating levels of biomarkers in pregnant women reflecting systemic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction/activation. Our findings support the hypothesis that inflammation and endothelial dysfunction might have a central role in modulating the detrimental effects of air pollution exposure during pregnancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Mozzoni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Simona Iodice
- EPIGET LAB, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Persico
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122, Milan, Italy; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology 'L. Mangiagalli', Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Ferrari
- EPIGET LAB, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvana Pinelli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Massimo Corradi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Stefano Rossi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Michele Miragoli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Enrico Bergamaschi
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Paediatrics, University of Torino, Via Zuretti 29, 10126, Torino, Italy.
| | - Valentina Bollati
- EPIGET LAB, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122, Milan, Italy; Occupational Health Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Mannarino MR, Bianconi V, Gigante B, Strawbridge RJ, Savonen K, Kurl S, Giral P, Smit A, Eriksson P, Tremoli E, Veglia F, Baldassarre D, Pirro M. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio is not related to carotid atherosclerosis progression and cardiovascular events in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease: Results from the IMPROVE study. Biofactors 2022; 48:100-110. [PMID: 34761838 PMCID: PMC9299016 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is a component of the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and is associated with an increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). The neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a possible inflammation metric for the detection of ASCVD risk, although results of prospective studies are highly inconsistent on this topic. We investigated the cross-sectional relationship between NLR and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) in subjects at moderate-to-high ASCVD risk. The prospective association between NLR, cIMT progression, and incident vascular events (VEs) was also explored. In 3341 subjects from the IMT-Progression as Predictors of VEs (IMPROVE) study, we analyzed the association between NLR, cIMT, and its 15-month progression. The association between NLR and incident VEs was also investigated. NLR was positively associated with cross-sectional measures of cIMT, but not with cIMT progression. The association between NLR and cross-sectional cIMT measures was abolished when adjusted for confounders. No association was found between NRL and incident VEs. Similarly, there were no significant differences in the hazard ratios (HRs) of VEs across NLR quartiles. NLR was neither associated with the presence and progression of carotid atherosclerosis, nor with the risk of VEs. Our findings do not support the role of NLR as a predictor of the risk of atherosclerosis progression and ASCVD events in subjects at moderate-to-high ASCVD risk, in primary prevention. However, the usefulness of NLR for patients at a different level of ASCVD risk cannot be inferred from this study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Massimo R. Mannarino
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of PerugiaPerugiaItaly
| | - Vanessa Bianconi
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of PerugiaPerugiaItaly
| | - Bruna Gigante
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, SolnaKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Rona J. Strawbridge
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, SolnaKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
- Institute of Health and WellbeingUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
- Health Data Research UKGlasgowUK
| | - Kai Savonen
- Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and NutritionKuopio & Research Institute of Exercise MedicineKuopioFinland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear MedicineKuopio University HospitalKuopioFinland
| | - Sudhir Kurl
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical NutritionUniversity of Eastern FinlandKuopioFinland
| | - Philippe Giral
- Assistance Publique ‐ Hopitaux de ParisParisFrance
- Service Endocrinologie‐Metabolisme, Groupe Hôspitalier Pitie‐SalpetriereUnités de Prévention CardiovasculaireParisFrance
| | - Andries Smit
- Department of MedicineUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
- Department of MedicineIsala Clinics ZwolleZwolleThe Netherlands
| | - Per Eriksson
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, SolnaKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | | | | | - Damiano Baldassarre
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCSMilanItaly
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational MedicineUniversità degli Studi di MilanoMilanItaly
| | - Matteo Pirro
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of PerugiaPerugiaItaly
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Mokgalaboni K, Ntamo Y, Ziqubu K, Nyambuya TM, Nkambule BB, Mazibuko-Mbeje SE, Gabuza KB, Chellan N, Tiano L, Dludla PV. Curcumin supplementation improves biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation in conditions of obesity, type 2 diabetes and NAFLD: updating the status of clinical evidence. Food Funct 2021; 12:12235-12249. [PMID: 34847213 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02696h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and inflammation remain the major complications implicated in the development and progression of metabolic complications, including obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In fact, due to their abundant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, there is a general interest in understanding the therapeutic effects of some major food-derived bioactive compounds like curcumin against diverse metabolic diseases. Hence, a systematic search, through prominent online databases such as MEDLINE, Scopus, and Google Scholar was done focusing on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reporting on the impact of curcumin supplementation in individuals with diverse metabolic complications, including obesity, T2D and NAFLD. Summarized findings suggest that curcumin supplementation can significantly reduce blood glucose and triglycerides levels, including markers of liver function like alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in patients with T2D and NAFLD. Importantly, this effect was consistent with the reduction of predominant markers of oxidative stress and inflammation, such as the levels of malonaldehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in these patients. Although RCTs suggest that curcumin is beneficial in ameliorating some metabolic complications, future research is still necessary to enhance its absorption and bioavailability profile, while also optimizing the most effective therapeutic doses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kabelo Mokgalaboni
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Yonela Ntamo
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa.
| | - Khanyisani Ziqubu
- Department of Biochemistry, North-West University, Mmabatho 2745, South Africa
| | - Tawanda M Nyambuya
- Department of Health Sciences, Namibia University of Science and Technology, Windhoek 9000, Namibia
| | - Bongani B Nkambule
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | | | - Kwazikwakhe B Gabuza
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Nireshni Chellan
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa. .,Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa
| | - Luca Tiano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona 60131, Italy
| | - Phiwayinkosi V Dludla
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Teng P, Liu Y, Zhang M, Ji W. Diagnostic and Prognostic Significance of serum miR-18a-5p in Patients with Atherosclerosis. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2021; 27:10760296211050642. [PMID: 34841929 PMCID: PMC8649087 DOI: 10.1177/10760296211050642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a common vascular disease with great harm. The current study examined the expression pattern of miR-18a-5p in AS patients, and explored its clinical values. 110 AS patients and 68 healthy controls were collected clinically, and the expression pattern of miR-18a-5p in the serum of AS patients was detected using qRT-PCR. All AS patients were followed up for five years to record the adverse cardiovascular events. ROC and Kaplan-Meier (K-M) curve were plotted to assess the diagnostic ability. The multiple Cox regression analysis was performed for independent influencing factors analysis. MiR-18a-5p was at high expression in AS patients, and showed positive correlation with the CIMT value (r = 0.789, P < .001). ROC curve suggested the high diagnostic value of serum miR-18a-5p for AS, with the AUC of 0.894. The diagnostic specificity and sensitivity were 86.8% and 79.1%, respectively. K-M plot demonstrated that cases with high miR-18a-5p levels were more likely to suffer from cardiovascular events, and it is an independent influence factor for the poor clinical outcome. Serum miR-18a-5p serves as a promising biomarker for AS diagnosis, and is related to the occurrence of adverse cardiovascular events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- PingPing Teng
- Department of General Health and Geriatrics, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Yonglei Liu
- Department of Cardiology First Ward, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Wanli Ji
- School of Pharmacy, 191610Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Possible Interaction of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs Against NF-κB- and COX-2-Mediated Inflammation: In Silico Probe. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 194:54-70. [PMID: 34843076 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-021-03719-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, inflammatory mediators have been considered a possible key for nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID's). NSAID's have been known as most promising medication against inflammation and its mediated pain. Inflammation could be recognize as a systemic adaptive stimulation triggered by detrimental stimuli as pathogenic attack and endogenous signals mediated injury inside the cells. In addition, there has been an inflammatory key mechanism involved in disease state. NSAIDs have been compromisingly recommended for targeting specific proteins and/or inflammatory-mediated enzymes including cyclooxygenases (COX). This subsequently inhibits the prostaglandins at the site of inflammation. For the past decades, two forms of the COX enzyme have been implicated as COX-1 expressed in cells and tissues and other COX-2 selectively triggered via proinflammatory cytokines at the site of inflammation and/or injury. In addition, NSAID's have also been implicated for the inhibition of NF-κB pathways, and other relevant proteins considered potent candidates for these drugs. NF-κB has been identified a classical proinflammatory signaling pathway. It has been recognized as a primary target for novel anti-inflammatory drugs. In our results, reports are being confirmed via the probable effects of NSAID's on inflammatory-mediated switches. Several studies were considered to enquire the possible interactions of NSAID's and inflammatory hub. Nevertheless, the exact mechanism is still debatable. In our study, NSAID's and their targeted proteins or molecules caused a convincing pattern. For improvised perception, the binding affinity of NSAID's with inflammatory-mediated proteins was quantified using a molecular docking tool. In addition, we have depicted the complex juncture of hydrogen bonding in targeted proteins with NSAID's. Our in silico investigations have revealed NSAID's as the powerful armor against COX-2- and NF-κB-mediated inflammation.
Collapse
|
13
|
Huang S, Guo C, Qie R, Han M, Wu X, Zhang Y, Yang X, Feng Y, Li Y, Wu Y, Liu D, Sun L, Hu D, Zhao Y. Solid fuel use and cardiovascular events: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. INDOOR AIR 2021; 31:1722-1732. [PMID: 34110043 DOI: 10.1111/ina.12867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Although solid fuel use has been increasingly linked to cardiovascular events (CVEs), conclusions have been inconsistent. We systematically searched 3 databases (PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science) up to July 3, 2020, to identify English language reports that assessed the association of solid fuel use with CVEs. Summary relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated with a random-effects model. Subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses were conducted to explore the potential sources of heterogeneity and to test the stability of the results. We finally included 13 observational studies (8 cohort, 3 cross-sectional, and 2 case-control studies comprising 791,220 participants) in the meta-analysis. The risk of CVEs was increased 21% with the highest versus the lowest solid fuel use (highest/lowest, RRpooled = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.10-1.34). As for the subgroup analyses on study design, the pooled RR for cohort studies, case-control studies, and cross-sectional studies were 1.11 (95%CI: 1.03-1.19), 4.80 (95%CI: 2.22-10.39), and 1.46 (95%CI: 0.82-2.62), respectively. The results of this study suggested that high solid fuel use was associated with increased CVE risk, and that reducing the use of solid fuel will be important for improving the health of the populations in developing countries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shengbing Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chunmei Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ranran Qie
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Minghui Han
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xingjin Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yifei Feng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuying Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dechen Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Liang Sun
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dongsheng Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Parsons C, Roberts R, Mills NT. Review: Inflammation and anxiety-based disorders in children and adolescents - a systematic review and meta-analysis. Child Adolesc Ment Health 2021; 26:143-156. [PMID: 33200498 DOI: 10.1111/camh.12434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anxiety-based disorders are common and are often chronic with an onset during childhood or adolescence. An emerging literature has examined the role of inflammation in these disorders by measuring blood concentrations of inflammatory markers such as cytokines, C-reactive protein (CRP) and immune markers such as white blood cell counts. However, existing results are inconsistent, with available meta-analyses only including adult populations. We believe this is the first systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate these inconsistencies among the population of children and adolescents. METHODS A systematic search of five electronic databases was conducted to identify studies which compared inflammatory markers between individuals with an anxiety-based disorder and healthy controls. Study quality was assessed, and pooled effect sizes (Hedges' g) were calculated using random-effects meta-analyses. RESULTS Nine independent studies were identified. The combined meta-analysis of 16 cytokines and CRP was approaching significance; however, no significant between-group difference was observed for meta-analyses of individual inflammatory or immune markers. Heterogeneity was high, and quality assessments identified important limitations; primarily, small sample sizes and a lack of control over confounding variables. CONCLUSIONS Although no significant effects were observed, the small number of included studies and limitations in study or reporting quality render these findings provisional. Research in this area has the potential for important clinical implications in relation to therapeutic interventions. Important recommendations for further research are put forth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea Parsons
- School of Psychology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Rachel Roberts
- School of Psychology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Natalie T Mills
- Discipline of Psychiatry, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Dewan SMR, Osaka M, Deushi M, Yoshida M. Complement C5a-triggered differentiated HL-60 stimulates migration of THP-1 monocytic leukocytes via secretion of CCL2. FEBS Open Bio 2021; 11:1374-1381. [PMID: 33715310 PMCID: PMC8091577 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukocytes play an important role in vascular inflammation prior to atherosclerosis. In particular, monocyte adhesion and migration to the endothelium contribute to the development of vascular inflammation. Previously, we showed the importance of neutrophils and complement C5a in the early phase of vascular inflammation in mice fed a high-fat diet. However, the relationship between monocytes and neutrophils is not well understood. In this study, we elucidated the involvement of neutrophils in the migration of monocytes. We observed that C5a induces CCL2 expression in neutrophil-like dHL-60 cells. To investigate the physiological significance of CCL2 secretion, we performed a chemotaxis assay. Interestingly, dHL-60 culture supernatant in the presence of C5a enhanced the migration of THP-1 in comparison with the absence of C5a. Furthermore, CCL2 expression and secretion significantly increased in C5a-stimulated dHL-60 through the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65. Actin polymerization on THP-1 was enhanced by the presence of C5a compared with the absence of C5a when stimulated by a dHL-60-cultured medium. These results suggest that crosstalk between neutrophils and monocytes via CCL2 may play an important role in vascular inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Syed Masudur Rahman Dewan
- Department of Life Sciences and Bioethics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan
| | - Mizuko Osaka
- Department of Life Sciences and Bioethics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan.,Department of Nutrition in Cardiovascular Disease, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan
| | - Michiyo Deushi
- Department of Life Sciences and Bioethics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yoshida
- Department of Life Sciences and Bioethics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Gan Q, Gong B, Sun M, Cao Z, Zheng Y, Zhang Y, Wen P, Shen Y, Hong L, Hou T, Jia Y, Li W, Li H, Xie Q. A High Percentage of Patients Recovered From COVID-19 but Discharged With Abnormal Liver Function Tests. Front Physiol 2021; 12:642922. [PMID: 33815147 PMCID: PMC8015938 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.642922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has become the most severe global health issue. Abnormal liver functions are frequently reported in these patients. However, liver function abnormality was often overlooked during COVID-19 treatment, and data regarding liver functions after cure of COVID-19 is limited. This study aimed to reveal the changes of liver function tests (LFTs) during hospitalization, and its clinical significance in patients with COVID-19. Methods In this retrospective, bi-center study, a total of 158 hospitalized patients diagnosed with COVID-19 in China were included from January 22nd, 2020 to February 20th, 2020. Clinical features, laboratory parameters including LFTs, and treatment data were collected and analyzed. LFTs included alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, and total bilirubin. Patients were considered with abnormal LFTs when any value of these tests was higher than upper limit of normal. Results Of 158 patients with COVID-19, 67 (42.41%) patients had abnormal LFTs on admission and another 50 (31.65%) patients developed abnormal LFTs during hospitalization. The incidence of LFTs abnormality in severe COVID-19 cases was significantly higher than non-severe cases. All LFTs in COVID-19 patients were correlated with oxygenation index. There was no statistical difference in treatment between the patients with or without liver test abnormalities. By the time of discharge, there were still 64 (40.50%) patients with abnormal LFTs. Logistic regression analysis identified younger age, hypertension and low lymphocyte counts as independent risk factors for persistent abnormal LFTs during hospitalization. Conclusion Liver function tests abnormality was common in COVID-19 patients and was more prevalent in severe cases than in non-severe cases. A substantial percentage of patients still had abnormal LFTs by the time of discharge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qinyi Gan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Beilei Gong
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China.,Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease in Anhui Province, Bengbu, China
| | - Manli Sun
- Department of Medicine and Education, Bengbu Infectious Disease Hospital, Bengbu, China
| | - Zhujun Cao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuyan Zheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yajie Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengfei Wen
- Bengbu Institute of Medical Sciences, Bengbu, China
| | - Yuanbing Shen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China.,Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease in Anhui Province, Bengbu, China
| | - Lei Hong
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China.,Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease in Anhui Province, Bengbu, China
| | - Tingting Hou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China.,Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease in Anhui Province, Bengbu, China
| | - Yuqin Jia
- Bengbu City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Bengbu, China
| | - Wei Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China.,Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease in Anhui Province, Bengbu, China
| | - Hecheng Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Xie
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Lack of Association between Postoperative Pancreatitis and Other Postoperative Complications Following Pancreaticoduodenectomy. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10061179. [PMID: 33799863 PMCID: PMC8001526 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10061179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Prediction of post-pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) morbidity is difficult, especially in the early postoperative period when CT (Computed Tomography) scans are not available. Elevated serum amylase and lipase in postoperative day 0 or 1 may be used to define postoperative acute pancreatitis (POAP), but the existing literature does not agree on whether POAP is significantly associated with postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF). Methods: We analyzed the data obtained from a previously published randomized controlled trial. POAP was defined as elevations in serum amylase above 110 U/L on postoperative day 0 or 1. Clinically relevant POAP (CR-POAP) was defined as elevations in C-reactive protein level (CRP) on postoperative day 2 in those with POAP. Postoperative complications including severe complications (Clavien–Dindo ≥ IIIa), POPF, and clinically relevant POPF (CR-POPF) were analyzed. Results: In 246 patients, POAP did not show significant associations with total postoperative complications (odds ratio (OR) 0.697; 95% CI, 0.360–1.313; p = 0.271), severe complications (OR 0.647; 95% CI, 0.258–1.747; p = 0.367), and CR-POPF (OR 0.998; 95% CI, 0.310–3.886; p = 0.998) in multivariable analysis. Conclusions: In patients undergoing PD, POAP was not significantly associated with postoperative complications including POPF. Caution should be taken when using POAP as a predictor of POPF.
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhang Y, Zheng L, Liu L, Zhao M, Xiao J, Zhao Q. Liver impairment in COVID-19 patients: A retrospective analysis of 115 cases from a single centre in Wuhan city, China. Liver Int 2020; 40:2095-2103. [PMID: 32239796 DOI: 10.1111/liv.14455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 317] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is an ongoing global health emergency. The aim of our study was to investigate the changes of liver function and its clinical significance in COVID-19 patients. METHOD This retrospective, single-centre study was conducted on 115 confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Zhongnan hospital of Wuhan University from 18 January 2020 to 22 February 2020. Liver function and related indexes were analysed to evaluate its relationship with disease progression in COVID-19 patients. RESULTS Part of the COVID-19 patients presented with varying degrees of abnormality in liver function indexes. However, the levels of ALT, AST, TBIL, GGT and LDH in COVID-19 patients were not significantly different when compared with hospitalised community-acquired pneumonia patients, and the levels of albumin is even significantly higher. The levels of ALT, AST, TBIL, LDH and INR showed statistically significant elevation in severe COVID-19 cases compared with that in mild cases. However, the clinical significance of the elevation is unremarkable. Majority of severe COVID-19 patients showed significantly decreasing in albumin level and continuously decreasing in the progress of illness. Most of the liver function indexes in COVID-19 patients were correlated with CRP and NLR, the markers of inflammation. Logistic regression analysis further identified NLR as the independent risk factor for severe COVID-19, as well as age. CONCLUSIONS Although abnormalities of liver function indexes are common in COVID-19 patients, the impairment of liver function is not a prominent feature of COVID-19, and also may not have serious clinical consequences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang Zheng
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengya Zhao
- Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiu Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Paul S, Ali A, Katare R. Molecular complexities underlying the vascular complications of diabetes mellitus - A comprehensive review. J Diabetes Complications 2020; 34:107613. [PMID: 32505477 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2020.107613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes is a chronic disease, characterized by hyperglycemia, which refers to the elevated levels of glucose in the blood, due to the inability of the body to produce or use insulin effectively. Chronic hyperglycemia levels lead to macrovascular and microvascular complications. The macrovascular complications consist of peripheral artery disease (PAD), cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and cerebrovascular diseases, while the microvascular complications comprise of diabetic microangiopathy, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy and diabetic neuropathy. Vascular endothelial dysfunction plays a crucial role in mediating both macrovascular and microvascular complications under hyperglycemic conditions. In diabetic microvasculature, the intracellular hyperglycemia causes damage to the vascular endothelium through - (i) activation of four biochemical pathways, namely the Polyol pathway, protein kinase C (PKC) pathway, advanced glycation end products (AGE) pathway and hexosamine pathway, all of which commutes glucose and its intermediates leading to overproduction of reactive oxygen species, (ii) dysregulation of growth factors and cytokines, (iii) epigenetic changes which concern the changes in DNA as a response to intracellular changes, and (iv) abnormalities in non-coding RNAs, specifically microRNAs. This review will focus on gaining an understanding of the molecular complexities underlying the vascular complications in diabetes mellitus, to increase our understanding towards the development of new mechanistic therapeutic strategies to prevent or treat diabetes-induced vascular complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Paul
- Department of Physiology, HeartOtago, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Azam Ali
- Centre for Bioengineering and Nanomedicine (Dunedin), University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Rajesh Katare
- Department of Physiology, HeartOtago, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Sumner RC, Bennett R, Creaven AM, Gallagher S. Unemployment, employment precarity, and inflammation. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 83:303-308. [PMID: 31622655 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Unemployment has been associated with poorer health, but few studies have examined the biological mechanisms that confer these health decrements. Further, no studies to date have examined differences across employment groups to consider whether employment (in whatever means) is preferential in terms of health. The present study utilised secondary data from Understanding Society: The Household Longitudinal Survey during the aftermath of the recent global recession. Two markers of peripheral inflammation: C-reactive protein (CRP) and fibrinogen were assessed across employment groups (unemployed; permanent, temporary, and self-employed), controlling for individual, socio-demographic and health variables to give greater context to our understanding of how employment status influences health. After controlling for relevant confounds, unemployment was associated with higher levels of fibrinogen but not CRP. Subsequent analyses of employment subgroup revealed the temporary employed have similar levels of fibrinogen to the unemployed, and may therefore be at a similar health disadvantage. The findings confirm that unemployment is associated with increases in one marker of peripheral inflammation, but that this health protection is not conferred to those in precarious employment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel C Sumner
- School of Natural & Social Sciences, University of Gloucestershire, United Kingdom.
| | - Rachel Bennett
- School of Natural & Social Sciences, University of Gloucestershire, United Kingdom
| | - Ann-Marie Creaven
- Health Research Institute, Department of Psychology, University of Limerick, Ireland
| | - Stephen Gallagher
- Health Research Institute, Department of Psychology, University of Limerick, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Liver Fat Is Associated With Markers of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Analysis of Data From the Framingham Heart Study. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 17:1157-1164.e4. [PMID: 30476583 PMCID: PMC6475462 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2018.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is an inflammatory condition that results in progressive liver disease. It is unknown if individuals with hepatic steatosis, but not known to have liver disease, have higher serum concentrations of markers of systemic inflammation and oxidative stress. METHODS We collected data from 2482 participants from the Framingham Heart Study (mean age, 51 ± 11 y; 51% women) who underwent computed tomography and measurement of 14 serum markers of systemic inflammation. Heavy alcohol users were excluded. The liver:phantom ratio (a continuous parameter of liver attenuation relative to a calibration phantom) was used to identify individuals with radiographic evidence of liver fat. Primary covariates included age, sex, smoking, alcohol, aspirin use, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Body mass index and visceral fat were secondary covariates. We used multivariable linear regression models to assess the association between liver fat and systemic inflammatory markers. RESULTS In multivariable-adjusted models, liver fat was associated with the following inflammatory markers: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (P < .001), urinary isoprostanes (P < .001), interleukin 6 (P < .001), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (P < .001), and P-selectin (P = .002). Additional adjustment for body mass index or visceral fat attenuated the results slightly, although all associations remained statistically significant (P for all ≤ .01). CONCLUSIONS In a community-based cohort, individuals with hepatic steatosis without known liver disease had higher mean serum concentrations of systemic markers of inflammation. Studies are needed to determine whether treatment of hepatic steatosis reduces systemic inflammation.
Collapse
|
22
|
Chandel P, Kumar A, Singla N, Kumar A, Singh G, Gill RK. Rationally synthesized coumarin based pyrazolines ameliorate carrageenan induced inflammation through COX-2/pro-inflammatory cytokine inhibition. MEDCHEMCOMM 2019; 10:421-430. [PMID: 30996860 PMCID: PMC6430084 DOI: 10.1039/c8md00457a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, coumarin based pyrazolines (7a-g) have been synthesized and investigated for their in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory potential. Amongst the synthesized compounds, compounds 7a, 7d and 7f exhibited significant in vitro anti-inflammatory activity as compared to the standard etoricoxib. Keeping this in mind, in vivo investigations were carried out via carrageenan induced inflammation and acetic acid induced writhing models in male Wistar rats and compound 7a was found to possess appreciable anti-inflammatory and analgesic potential. The mode of action of compound 7a was also investigated by using substance P as the biomarker, which shows promising results. Further, the selectivity of the most active compound 7a against the cyclooxygenase enzyme was supported by molecular docking studies which reveal that compound 7a has greater binding affinity towards COX-2 over COX-1 and 5-LOX enzymes. In silico ADME analysis of compound 7a confirms the drug-like characteristics and the in vivo acute toxicity study showed the safety of the compound even up to a 2000 mg kg-1 dose. Thus, compound 7a was identified as an effective anti-inflammatory agent, and can be explored for further analgesic/anti-inflammatory drug design and development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Chandel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , ISF College of Pharmacy , Moga-142001 , Punjab , India . ; ; Tel: +91 1636 324200
| | - Anoop Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology , ISF College of Pharmacy , Moga-142001 , Punjab , India
| | - Nishu Singla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , ISF College of Pharmacy , Moga-142001 , Punjab , India . ; ; Tel: +91 1636 324200
| | - Anshul Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , ISF College of Pharmacy , Moga-142001 , Punjab , India . ; ; Tel: +91 1636 324200
| | - Gagandeep Singh
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology-Ropar-140001 , Punjab , India .
| | - Rupinder Kaur Gill
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , ISF College of Pharmacy , Moga-142001 , Punjab , India . ; ; Tel: +91 1636 324200
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Selected Office Based Anticancer Treatment Strategies. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2019; 2019:7462513. [PMID: 30766601 PMCID: PMC6350558 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7462513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Over the years, the treatment of patients with cancer has varied widely as much because of recent advancements in science and medicine as the philosophies that belie their use. This paper briefly describes many of the prevailing approaches in use today with an attempt to offer some perspective of how to apply these disparate methodologies so that they may be more effectively integrated, resulting in consistently better clinical responses.
Collapse
|
24
|
Feng Y, Zhou W, Luo L, Xu W. Helicobacter pylori infection is not related to increased carotid intima-media thickness in general population. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14180. [PMID: 30242291 PMCID: PMC6154998 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32465-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim is to determine whether there is an independent association between Hp infection and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) in a cross-section observational study. Among of 14588 routine health check-up participants, 13770 subjects underwent the 13C-urea breath test (13C-UBT) and ultrasound measurement of CIMT. Traditional atherosclerotic risk factors were also recorded. The ratio of increased CIMT in Hp positive group (28.6%) was not significant difference compared with Hp negative group (29.7%) (p = 0.164). The HP infection rates was no significant difference between increased CIMT (38.4%) and non- increased CIMT (39.7%) patients. However, all the traditional atherosclerotic risk factors including age, gender, BMI, waistline, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, very low density lipoprotein cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, free fatty acid, homocysteine, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose and C reactive protein were different between increased CIMT and non- increased CIMT participants. The odds of Hp infection for CIMT risk (OR 0.948; 95% CI 0.879-1.022; P = 0.164) was not higher in binary logistic regression analysis even after adjustment for traditional risk factors (OR 1.118; 95% CI 0.958-1.306; P = 0.157). Our study found no evidence of association between CIMT and HP infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunfei Feng
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, #79, Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Weibin Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, #79, Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China.
| | - Luo Luo
- Information Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, #79, Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Weiwei Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, #79, Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Di Napoli M, Slevin M, Popa-Wagner A, Singh P, Lattanzi S, Divani AA. Monomeric C-Reactive Protein and Cerebral Hemorrhage: From Bench to Bedside. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1921. [PMID: 30254628 PMCID: PMC6141664 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
C-reactive protein (CRP) is an important mediator and a hallmark of the acute-phase response to inflammation. High-sensitivity assays that accurately measure levels of CRP have been recommended for use in risk assessment in ischemic stroke patients. Elevation of CRP during the acute-phase response in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is also associated with the outcomes such as death and vascular complications. However, no association has been found with the increased risk of ICH. The aim of this review is to synthesize the published literature on the associations of CRP with acute ICH both as a risk biomarker and predictor of short- and long-term outcomes as well as its role as a pathogenic determinant. We believe before any clinical utility, a critical appraisal of the strengths and deficiencies of the accumulated evidence is required both to evaluate the current state of knowledge and to improve the design of future clinical studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Di Napoli
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit, San Camillo de' Lellis General Hospital, Rieti, Italy
| | - Mark Slevin
- Healthcare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Aurel Popa-Wagner
- Department of Neurology, University of Medicine Essen, Essen, Germany.,Center of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania
| | - Puneetpal Singh
- Department of Human Genetics, Punjabi University, Patiala, India
| | - Simona Lattanzi
- Neurological Clinic, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Afshin A Divani
- Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States.,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Madhurantakam S, Babu KJ, Rayappan JBB, Krishnan UM. Nanotechnology-based electrochemical detection strategies for hypertension markers. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 116:67-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
27
|
Ganjali S, Gotto AM, Ruscica M, Atkin SL, Butler AE, Banach M, Sahebkar A. Monocyte-to-HDL-cholesterol ratio as a prognostic marker in cardiovascular diseases. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:9237-9246. [PMID: 30076716 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation and lipid accumulation are two basic hallmarks of atherosclerosis as a chronic disease. Inflammation not only is a local response but can also be considered as a systemic process followed by an elevation of inflammatory mediators. Monocytes are a major source of proinflammatory species during atherogenesis. In atherosclerosis, modified low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) are removed by macrophages; these are recruited in the vessel wall, inducing the release of inflammatory cytokines in inflamed tissue. Hence, inflammatory cholesterol ester-loaded plaque is generated. High-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) exhibits antiatherosclerotic effects by neutralizing the proinflammatory and pro-oxidant effects of monocytes via inhibiting the migration of macrophages and LDL oxidation in addition to the efflux of cholesterol from these cells. Furthermore, HDL plays a role in suppressing the activation of monocytes and proliferation-differentiation of monocyte progenitor cells. Thus, accumulation of monocytes and reduction of HDL-C may participate in atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Given that the relationship between the high number of monocytes and low HDL-C levels has been reported in inflammatory disorders, this review focused on understanding whether the monocyte-to-HDL ratio could be a convenient marker to predict atherosclerosis development and progression, hallmarks of CV events, instead of the individual monocyte count or HDL-C level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Ganjali
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Massimiliano Ruscica
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Alexandra E Butler
- Life Sciences Research Division, Anti-Doping Laboratory Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Maciej Banach
- Department of Hypertension, WAM University Hospital in Lodz, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.,Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), Lodz, Poland
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Akbari M, Ostadmohammadi V, Tabrizi R, Lankarani KB, Heydari ST, Amirani E, Reiter RJ, Asemi Z. The effects of melatonin supplementation on inflammatory markers among patients with metabolic syndrome or related disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Inflammopharmacology 2018; 26:899-907. [PMID: 29907916 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-018-0508-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Akbari
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Vahidreza Ostadmohammadi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Reza Tabrizi
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Kamran B Lankarani
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed Taghi Heydari
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Elaheh Amirani
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science, Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Kaur S, Kumari P, Singh G, Bhatti R, Singh P. Design and Synthesis of Aza-/Oxa Heterocycle-Based Conjugates as Novel Anti-Inflammatory Agents Targeting Cyclooxygenase-2. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:5825-5845. [PMID: 30023927 PMCID: PMC6044720 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b00445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
A library of hybrid molecules was procured by the combination of triazine-indole adduct with morpholine/piperidine/pyrrolidine and pyrazole/pyrimidine/oxindole moieties. Enzyme immunoassays on cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) identified compound 6 having an IC50 value of 20 nM for COX-2 and 3000 nM for COX-1. The significant reduction in the formation of prostaglandin E2 in the lipopolysaccharide-treated (COX-2-activated) human whole blood, almost no change in the production of thromboxane B2 in the calcium ionophore-treated (COX-1-activated) sample of human whole blood, and the mechanistic studies on Swiss albino mice ensured that compound 6 is selective for COX-2. The association constant (Ka) of compound 6 with COX-2 was found to be of the order of 0.48 × 106 M-1. The diffusion spectroscopy experiments and relaxation time (T1) calculations of compound 6 in the presence of COX-2 assisted in identifying the site-specific interactions of 6 with the enzyme, and these results fall into nice correlation with the theoretical data obtained from molecular docking and quantitative structure-activity relationship studies. With maximum tolerable dose >2000 mg kg-1, compound 6 made 68 and 32% reduction in formalin-induced analgesia and carrageenan-induced inflammation in Swiss albino mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sukhmeet Kaur
- Department
of Chemistry—Centre for Advanced Studies and Department of
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev
University, Amritsar 143005, India
| | - Priya Kumari
- Department
of Chemistry—Centre for Advanced Studies and Department of
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev
University, Amritsar 143005, India
| | - Gurjit Singh
- Department
of Chemistry—Centre for Advanced Studies and Department of
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev
University, Amritsar 143005, India
| | - Rajbir Bhatti
- Department
of Chemistry—Centre for Advanced Studies and Department of
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev
University, Amritsar 143005, India
| | - Palwinder Singh
- Department
of Chemistry—Centre for Advanced Studies and Department of
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev
University, Amritsar 143005, India
- E-mail: (P.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Sairam SG, Sola S, Barooah A, Javvaji SK, Jaipuria J, Venkateshan V, Chelli J, Sanjeevi CB. The role of Lp-PLA 2 and biochemistry parameters as potential biomarkers of coronary artery disease in Asian South-Indians: a case-control study. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther 2017; 7:589-597. [PMID: 29302464 DOI: 10.21037/cdt.2017.08.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Background Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Lipoprotein associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) is an emerging biomarker for inflammation that has shown association with CAD. Its significance in the Asian Indian population is not clearly known. We sought to compare the possible association of various biomarkers of atherosclerosis along with Lp-PLA2, in symptomatic individuals with CAD vs. healthy controls in Asian South-Indians. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional case control study at three centers in a South Indian population. A total of 100 CAD patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), 100 age and gender matched healthy controls participated, of which, 166 subjects or 83 case-control pairs with complete data for both participants were identified for the statistical analysis. Lp-PLA2 concentration and activity were measured using PLAC test and PLAC activity assay respectively (diaDexus Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA), while all other parameters were measured using standard commercially available kits. Results We enrolled a total of 200 subjects (mean age 50.7±9.6 years, 87.5% males). A total of 83 subjects completed the study in the CAD group (mean age 51 ±8.9 years, 85% males) and 83 subjects in the control group (mean age 50±8.9 years, 86.5% males). In the CAD group, Lp-PLA2 concentration positively correlated with TC (ρ=0.19, P=0.02), non-HDL-C (ρ=0.20, P=0.02), Lp-PLA2 activity (ρ=0.27, P=0.001) and Lp(a) (r=0.25, P=0.02). Lp-PLA2 activity correlated positively with TC (ρ=0.28, P=0.001), LDL-C (ρ=0.30, P<0.001), non-HDL-C (ρ=0.35, P<0.001), ApoB (ρ=0.35, P<0.001) and negatively correlated to HDL-C (ρ=-0.24, P=0.004). Cox proportionality hazards model revealed Lp-PLA2 concentration (β=0.006, SE =0.002, P=0.009) to have positive association with the event of CAD, while negative association was observed for ApoA1 (β=-0.06, SE =0.02, P=0.001). ROC analysis revealed that the highest quartile of Lp-PLA2 concentration to have area under curve (AUC) of 0.80 (95% CI, 0.65-0.9; P<0.001) with cut off value of >427 ng/mL and ApoA1 with AUC of 0.78 (95% CI, 0.70-0.85; P<0.001) with cut off value of ≤129.6 mg/dL with the optimum balance of sensitivity and specificity. Conclusions In this study population, circulating plasma Lp-PLA2 was found to be elevated in CAD group. ApoA1 showed negative association and Lp-PLA2 concentration showed positive association with risk for CAD. In the highest quartile, Lp-PLA2 concentration had the best diagnostic utility. Our results support the hypothesis that Lp-PLA2 may be a potential risk marker for CAD in Asian Indians.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sai Giridhar Sairam
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Prasanthi Nilayam, India
| | - Srikanth Sola
- Department of Cardiology, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Medical Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Asha Barooah
- Department of Cardiology, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Medical Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Sai Kiran Javvaji
- Department of Cardiology, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Medical Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Jiten Jaipuria
- Department of Urology, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Medical Sciences, Prasanthi Gram, India
| | | | - Janardhana Chelli
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Prasanthi Nilayam, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Singh P, Kaur S, Sharma A, Kaur G, Bhatti R. TNF-α and IL-6 inhibitors: Conjugates of N-substituted indole and aminophenylmorpholin-3-one as anti-inflammatory agents. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 140:92-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
32
|
Barnard SA, Pieters M, Nienaber-Rousseau C, Kruger HS. Degree of obesity influences the relationship of PAI-1 with body fat distribution and metabolic variables in African women. Thromb Res 2016; 146:95-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
33
|
Ebersole JL, Kryscio RJ, Campbell C, Kinane DF, McDevitt J, Christodoulides N, Floriano PN, Miller CS. Salivary and serum adiponectin and C-reactive protein levels in acute myocardial infarction related to body mass index and oral health. J Periodontal Res 2016; 52:419-427. [PMID: 27549083 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Adiponectin is produced by adipose cells and is considered an anti-inflammatory molecule. In contrast, C-reactive protein (CRP) has been identified as a hallmark of systemic inflammation and used as a risk marker of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Of interest was the relationship of these two biomarkers to oral health and CVD risk. MATERIAL AND METHODS This investigation examined these two molecules in serum and unstimulated whole saliva of patients within 48 h of an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) compared to control subjects. We hypothesized a differential response in these biomolecules resulting from the heart attack that would be affected by both the body mass index and oral health characteristics of the individuals. RESULTS Significantly lower adiponectin levels were observed in the serum of patients with AMI. Serum adiponectin in both groups and salivary adiponectin in patients with AMI decreased with increasing body mass index. Oral health was significantly worse in patients with AMI, and both serum and salivary adiponectin were elevated with better oral health in control subjects. Serum CRP levels were increased in patients with AMI regardless of their oral health, and both serum and salivary CRP were significantly elevated in S-T wave elevated patients with MI. CONCLUSIONS These initial data provide evidence relating obesity and oral health to salivary and serum analyte levels that occur in association with cardiac events. Relationships have been described between CVD risk and periodontal disease. Additionally, various systemic inflammatory biomarkers appear to reflect both the CVD risk and the extent/severity of periodontitis. Our findings indicated that oral health and obesity contribute to altering levels of these salivary and serum analytes in association with cardiac events. The potential that serum and/or salivary biomarkers could aid in evaluating CVD risk requires knowledge regarding how the oral health of the individual would impact the effectiveness of these biological measures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J L Ebersole
- Department of Oral Health Practice & Center for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - R J Kryscio
- Department of Statistics, College of Arts and Sciences and Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - C Campbell
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - D F Kinane
- College of Dentistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - J McDevitt
- Department of Biomaterials, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA
| | - N Christodoulides
- Departments of Bioengineering and Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - P N Floriano
- Departments of Bioengineering and Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - C S Miller
- Department of Oral Health Practice & Center for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Ueshima K, Itoh H, Kanazawa N, Komuro I, Nagai R, Takeuchi M, Yamazaki T. Rationale and Design of the Standard Versus Intensive Statin Therapy for Hypercholesterolemic Patients with Diabetic Retinopathy (EMPATHY) Study: a Randomized Controlled Trial. J Atheroscler Thromb 2016; 23:976-90. [PMID: 26961114 DOI: 10.5551/jat.33563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Hyperlipidemia and diabetic retinopathy increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The standard versus intEnsive statin therapy for hypercholesteroleMic Patients with diAbetic retinopaTHY (EMPATHY) study examines whether intensive lipid-lowering therapy is superior to standard therapy in reducing the incidence of cardiovascular events in patients with hyperlipidemia and diabetic retinopathy, but without a history of coronary artery disease. METHODS Patients who had elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and diabetic retinopathy without a history of coronary artery disease were eligible for the study. Patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive intensive or standard therapy. Patients are being treated with monotherapy with 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitor (statin) for a maximum of 5.5 years to achieve the following LDL-C target: <70 mg/dL for the intensive therapy group or ≥100 and <120 mg/dL for the standard therapy group. The primary endpoint is a composite of incidence of CVD and death from CVD. RESULTS Between May 2010 and October 2013, 5,995 patients were assessed for eligibility, and 5,144 were assigned to the study treatment (2,571 and 2,573 in the intensive and standard therapy groups, respectively), and baseline data were analyzed from 5,107 (2,550 in the intensive therapy group and 2,557 in the standard therapy group). CONCLUSIONS This is the first study assessing the benefits of intensive statin therapy in patients with hypercholesterolemia and diabetic retinopathy in a primary prevention setting. Furthermore, this study evaluates the appropriateness of the treat-to-target approach because all patients are treated to achieve specific LDL-C targets by titrating statin therapy. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER UMIN000003486.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Ueshima
- Department of EBM Research, Institute for Advancement of Clinical and Translational Science, Kyoto University Hospital
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Tabakcı MM, Gerin F, Sunbul M, Toprak C, Durmuş Hİ, Demir S, Arslantaş U, Cerşit S, Batgerel U, Kargın R. Relation of Plasma Fibrinogen Level With the Presence, Severity, and Complexity of Coronary Artery Disease. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2016; 23:638-644. [PMID: 26865586 DOI: 10.1177/1076029616629210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Relation of plasma fibrinogen levels with extent, severity, and complexity of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with stable angina pectoris (SAP) has not been adequately investigated. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether plasma fibrinogen level is associated with coronary complexity, severity, and extent assessed by SYNTAX (Synergy between percutaneous coronary intervention with TAXUS and Cardiac Surgery) score (SS). METHODS We enrolled 134 consecutive patients with SAP who underwent coronary angiography. Baseline serum fibrinogen levels were measured, and SS was calculated from the study population. The patients were classified into 3 groups by tertiles of SS (SS, control group = 0; intermediate group < 22; and high group ≥ 22). RESULTS Plasma fibrinogen levels demonstrated a stepwise increase from control group to high SS group. There was a strong correlation between fibrinogen and the SS ( r = .535, P < .001). Area under the receivers operating characteristic curve of fibrinogen was 0.72 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.61-0.82; < .001) for predicting a high SS. Fibrinogen value higher than 411 mg/dL has a sensitivity of 75% and a specificity of 64% in prediction of high SS. In multivariate analyses, plasma fibrinogen was observed to be an independent predictor for high SS in patients with stable CAD (odds ratio [OR] 1.01; 95% CI, 1.01-1.02; P < .001). CONCLUSION Plasma fibrinogen is a readily measurable systemic inflammatory marker and is independently associated coronary severity and complexity in patients with CAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Mustafa Tabakcı
- 1 Cardiology Department, Kartal Koşuyolu Cardiovascular Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Murat Sunbul
- 3 Department of Cardiology, Medical Faculty, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cuneyt Toprak
- 1 Cardiology Department, Kartal Koşuyolu Cardiovascular Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Serdar Demir
- 1 Cardiology Department, Kartal Koşuyolu Cardiovascular Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Uğur Arslantaş
- 1 Cardiology Department, Kartal Koşuyolu Cardiovascular Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sinan Cerşit
- 1 Cardiology Department, Kartal Koşuyolu Cardiovascular Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ulaankhuu Batgerel
- 1 Cardiology Department, Kartal Koşuyolu Cardiovascular Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ramazan Kargın
- 1 Cardiology Department, Kartal Koşuyolu Cardiovascular Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Increased Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 activity portends an increased risk of resistant hypertension. Lipids Health Dis 2016; 15:15. [PMID: 26801405 PMCID: PMC4722791 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-016-0184-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the relationship between plasma lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) activity and incidence of resistant hypertension (RH). METHODS This was a cross-sectional research. In essential, it was an observational design and collecting data on a population at a single point in time to evaluate the associations of studied variables. Totally 208 patients with arterial hypertension were enrolled. Baseline characteristics were collected and fasting venous blood were drawn for plasma Lp-PLA2 activity assessment. Twenty-four hour ambulatory blood pressure ambulatory (ABPM) was performed to diagnose RH. Initially, based on ABPM examination, all participants were divided into two groups, namely RH group and without RH group. And thereafter, in order to evaluate the effects of Lp-PLA2 activity on blood pressure, all participants were divided into low (< 225 nm/min/ml) and high (≥ 225 nm/min/ml) Lp-PLA2 activity groups based on the cut-off value of Lp-PLA2 activity. Comparisons were conducted between groups. RESULTS Forty two patients were diagnosed as RH. Compared to patients without RH, patients with RH were more elderly, had more males, smokers, longer duration of hypertension, higher plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) level and Lp-PLA2 activity (P < 0.05 for all comparisons). More RH patients treated with calcium channel blocker and diuretic, while less treated with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, angiotensin receptor blocker and statins (P < 0.05 for all comparisons). Compared to low Lp-PLA2 group, the rate of RH was significantly higher in high Lp-PLA2 group (26.7 % versus 6.1 %, P < 0.05). Multivariate regression analysis revealed that after adjusted for age, gender, smoking, body mass index, hypertension duration, CRP, and anti-hypertensive drugs, association between Lp-PLA2 activity and RH remained significant, with odds ratio (OD) of 2.02 (95 % confidence interval, CI 1.85-2.06, P < 0.05). Nonetheless, the association was attenuated when further adjusted for statins, with OR of 1.81 (95 % CI 1.74-1.93, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Increased plasma Lp-PLA2 activity portends increased risk of RH, and statins may be beneficial to reduce incidence of RH in subjects with increased plasma Lp-PLA2 activity.
Collapse
|
37
|
Codner E, Merino PM, Martínez D, Lopez P, Godoy C, Iñiguez G, Cassorla F, Perez-Bravo F. C-Reactive protein and insulin growth factor 1 serum levels during the menstrual cycle in adolescents with Type 1 diabetes. Diabet Med 2016; 33:70-6. [PMID: 26043285 DOI: 10.1111/dme.12829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate C-reactive protein, insulin growth factor 1 and lipid levels during the follicular and luteal phases in adolescents with Type 1 diabetes. METHODS Adolescents with Type 1 diabetes (N = 40) and healthy controls (C; N = 43) were studied during the follicular and luteal phases of their menstrual cycles. C-Reactive protein, insulin growth factor 1 and lipid levels were measured. RESULTS Adolescents with Type 1 diabetes exhibited higher C-reactive protein levels than the C group during the follicular (P < 0.0001) and luteal phases (P < 0.01). The elevation of C-reactive protein levels was more pronounced in overweight adolescents with Type 1 diabetes than in adolescents in the C group. More adolescents with Type 1 diabetes were classified as having an elevated risk of cardiovascular disease (C-reactive protein > 3 mg/l) in the luteal phase than in the follicular phase (37.5% and 17.5%, respectively); half of the overweight adolescents with Type 1 diabetes in the luteal phase reached this level. BMI was the only significant factor affecting follicular and luteal phase C-reactive protein levels in adolescents with Type 1 diabetes. Lower insulin growth factor 1 levels were observed during both phases of the menstrual cycle in adolescents with Type 1 diabetes compared with controls. An elevation in insulin growth factor 1 levels in the luteal phase relative to the follicular phase was observed in controls, but not in adolescents with Type 1 diabetes. Luteal insulin growth factor 1 and C-reactive protein exhibited an inverse correlation (r = -0.4, P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Adolescents with Type 1 diabetes have higher C-reactive protein levels and lower insulin growth factor 1 levels relative to controls, especially during the luteal phase. Type 1 diabetes diminishes the natural elevation in insulin growth factor 1 levels observed during the luteal phase in controls. Excess weight exacerbates the subclinical inflammatory state observed during both phases of the menstrual cycle in adolescents with Type 1 diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Codner
- Institute of Maternal and Child Research, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - P M Merino
- Institute of Maternal and Child Research, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - D Martínez
- Institute of Maternal and Child Research, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - P Lopez
- Institute of Maternal and Child Research, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Cytogenetics Laboratory, Hospital San Borja Arriarán, Santiago, Chile
| | - C Godoy
- Pediatric Endocrine Unit, Hospital Sótero del Rio, Santiago, Chile
| | - G Iñiguez
- Institute of Maternal and Child Research, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - F Cassorla
- Institute of Maternal and Child Research, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - F Perez-Bravo
- Nutrigenomics Laboratory, Nutrition Department, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Lakkur S, Judd S, Bostick RM, McClellan W, Flanders WD, Stevens VL, Goodman M. Oxidative stress, inflammation, and markers of cardiovascular health. Atherosclerosis 2015; 243:38-43. [PMID: 26343870 PMCID: PMC4609620 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Revised: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate associations of a oxidative balance score (OBS) with blood levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein- (LDL)-cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein- (HDL) cholesterol and triglycerides, and biomarkers of inflammation (serum C-reactive protein [CRP], albumin and venous total white blood cell [WBC] counts) among 19,825 participants in a nationwide study. METHODS Using cross-sectional data 14 dietary and lifestyle components were incorporated into the OBS and the resulting score (range 3-26) was then divided into five equal intervals. Multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for abnormal biomarker levels and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using logistic regression models. RESULTS The ORs (95% CIs) comparing those in the highest relative to those in the lowest OBS equal interval categories were 0.50 (0.38-0.66) for CRP, 0.50 (0.36-0.71) for the total WBC count, and 0.75 (0.58-0.98) for LDL-cholesterol; all three p-values for trend were <0.001. The OBS-HDL-cholesterol association was statistically significantly inverse among females, but not among males. The OBS was not associated with serum albumin or triglycerides. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that an OBS may be associated with some, but not all, circulating lipids/lipoproteins and biomarkers of inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sindhu Lakkur
- Department of Nutrition, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| | - Suzanne Judd
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Roberd M Bostick
- Department of Nutrition, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - W Dana Flanders
- Department of Epidemiology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Victoria L Stevens
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Michael Goodman
- Department of Nutrition, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Wang JW, Woodward DF, Martos JL, Cornell CL, Carling RW, Kingsley PJ, Marnett LJ. Multitargeting of selected prostanoid receptors provides agents with enhanced anti-inflammatory activity in macrophages. FASEB J 2015; 30:394-404. [PMID: 26420849 DOI: 10.1096/fj.15-275610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A polypharmacologic approach to prostanoid based anti-inflammatory therapeutics was undertaken in order to exploit both the anti- and proinflammatory properties attributed to the various prostanoid receptors. Multitargeting of selected prostanoid receptors yielded a prototype compound, compound 1 (AGN 211377), that antagonizes prostaglandin D2 receptors (DPs) DP1 (49) and DP2 (558), prostaglandin E2 receptors (EPs) EP1 (266) and EP4 (117), prostaglandin F2α receptor (FP) (61), and thromboxane A2 receptor (TP) (11) while sparing EP2, EP3, and prostaglandin I2 receptors (IPs); Kb values (in nanomoles) are given in parentheses. Compound 1 evoked a pronounced inhibition of cytokine/chemokine secretion from lipopolysaccharide or TNF-α stimulated primary human macrophages. These cytokine/chemokines included cluster of designation 40 receptor (CD40), epithelial-derived neutrophil-activating protein 78 (ENA-78), granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), IL-8, IL-18, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (CCL2) (MCP-1), tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1), and regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES). In contrast, the inhibitory effects of most antagonists selective for a single receptor were modest or absent, and selective EP2 receptor blockade increased cytokine release in some instances. Compound 1 also showed clear superiority to the cyclooxygenase inhibitors diclofenac and rofecoxib. These findings reveal that blockade of multiple prostanoid receptors, with absent antagonism of EP2 and IP, may provide more effective anti-inflammatory activity than global suppression of prostanoid synthesis or highly selective prostanoid receptor blockade. These investigations demonstrate the first working example of prostanoid receptor polypharmacology for potentially safer and more effective anti-inflammatory therapeutics by blocking multiple proinflammatory receptors while sparing those with anti-inflammatory activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jenny W Wang
- *Department of Biological Sciences, Allergan, Incorporated, Irvine, California, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Drug Discovery Department, Selcia Limited, Ongar, United Kingdom; and Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - David F Woodward
- *Department of Biological Sciences, Allergan, Incorporated, Irvine, California, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Drug Discovery Department, Selcia Limited, Ongar, United Kingdom; and Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jose L Martos
- *Department of Biological Sciences, Allergan, Incorporated, Irvine, California, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Drug Discovery Department, Selcia Limited, Ongar, United Kingdom; and Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Clive L Cornell
- *Department of Biological Sciences, Allergan, Incorporated, Irvine, California, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Drug Discovery Department, Selcia Limited, Ongar, United Kingdom; and Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Robert W Carling
- *Department of Biological Sciences, Allergan, Incorporated, Irvine, California, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Drug Discovery Department, Selcia Limited, Ongar, United Kingdom; and Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Philip J Kingsley
- *Department of Biological Sciences, Allergan, Incorporated, Irvine, California, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Drug Discovery Department, Selcia Limited, Ongar, United Kingdom; and Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Lawrence J Marnett
- *Department of Biological Sciences, Allergan, Incorporated, Irvine, California, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Drug Discovery Department, Selcia Limited, Ongar, United Kingdom; and Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Mandosi E, Giannetta E, Filardi T, Lococo M, Bertolini C, Fallarino M, Gianfrilli D, Venneri MA, Lenti L, Lenzi A, Morano S. Endothelial dysfunction markers as a therapeutic target for Sildenafil treatment and effects on metabolic control in type 2 diabetes. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2015; 19:1617-22. [DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2015.1066337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
41
|
Ostan R, Béné MC, Spazzafumo L, Pinto A, Donini LM, Pryen F, Charrouf Z, Valentini L, Lochs H, Bourdel-Marchasson I, Blanc-Bisson C, Buccolini F, Brigidi P, Franceschi C, d'Alessio PA. Impact of diet and nutraceutical supplementation on inflammation in elderly people. Results from the RISTOMED study, an open-label randomized control trial. Clin Nutr 2015; 35:812-8. [PMID: 26249791 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2015.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Revised: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Eating habits may influence the life span and the quality of ageing process by modulating inflammation. The RISTOMED project was developed to provide a personalized and balanced diet, enriched with or without nutraceutical compounds, to decrease and prevent inflammageing, oxidative stress and gut microbiota alteration in healthy elderly people. This paper focused on the effect on inflammation and metabolism markers after 56 days of RISTOMED diet alone or supplementation with three nutraceutical compounds. METHODS A cohort of 125 healthy elderly subjects was recruited and randomized into 4 arms (Arm A, RISTOMED diet; Arm B, RISTOMED diet plus VSL#3 probiotic blend; Arm C, RISTOMED diet plus AISA d-Limonene; Arm D, RISTOMED diet plus Argan oil). Inflammatory and metabolism parameters as well as the ratio between Clostridium cluster IV and Bifidobacteria (CL/B) were collected before and after 56 days of dietary intervention, and their evolution compared among the arms. Moreover, participants were subdivided according to their baseline inflammatory parameters (erythrocytes sedimentation rate (ESR), C-Reactive Protein, fibrinogen, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alfa (TNF-α), and Interleukin 6) in two clusters with low or medium-high level of inflammation. The evolution of the measured parameters was then examined separately in each cluster. RESULTS Overall, RISTOMED diet alone or with each nutraceutical supplementation significantly decreased ESR. RISTOMED diet supplemented with d-Limonene resulted in a decrease in fibrinogen, glucose, insulin levels and HOMA-IR. The most beneficial effects were observed in subjects with a medium-high inflammatory status who received RISTOMED diet with AISA d-Limonene supplementation. Moreover, RISTOMED diet associated with VSL#3 probiotic blend induced a decrease in the CL/B ratio. CONCLUSIONS Overall, this study emphasizes the beneficial anti-inflammageing effect of RISTOMED diet supplemented with nutraceuticals to control the inflammatory status of elderly individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Ostan
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Via San Giacomo 12, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - M C Béné
- Hematology Laboratory, University Hospital CHU, 9 Quai Moncousu, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - L Spazzafumo
- Biostatistical Center INRCA, Via S. Margherita 5, 60100 Ancona, Italy
| | - A Pinto
- Experimental Medicine Department, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - L M Donini
- Experimental Medicine Department, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - F Pryen
- Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity, National Research Council of Italy, CNR, (ISOF), Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Z Charrouf
- Department of Chemistry, University Mohammed V-Agdal, Rabat, Morocco
| | - L Valentini
- Department Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, CCM, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - H Lochs
- Medical University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - I Bourdel-Marchasson
- CHU Bordeaux, Clinical Gerontology, France; CNRS, RMSB, UMR 5536, France; University Bordeaux, RMSB, UMR 5536, Bordeaux, France
| | - C Blanc-Bisson
- CHU Bordeaux, Clinical Gerontology, France; CNRS, RMSB, UMR 5536, France; University Bordeaux, RMSB, UMR 5536, Bordeaux, France
| | - F Buccolini
- R&D, VoxNet CEO, Via Giovanni Paisiello 32, 00198 Rome, Italy
| | - P Brigidi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - C Franceschi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Via San Giacomo 12, 40126 Bologna, Italy; IRCCS, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Via Altura 3, 40139 Bologna, Italy; National Research Council of Italy, CNR, Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - P A d'Alessio
- Biopark Campus Cancer, 1 mail du Pr Georges Mathé, 94807 Villejuif, France.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Niki T, Soeki T, Yamaguchi K, Taketani Y, Yagi S, Iwase T, Yamada H, Wakatsuki T, Shimabukuro M, Sata M. Elevated Concentration of Interferon-Inducible Protein of 10 kD (IP-10) Is Associated With Coronary Atherosclerosis. Int Heart J 2015; 56:269-72. [PMID: 25902883 DOI: 10.1536/ihj.14-300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have shown that various chemokines are more highly expressed in atherosclerotic plaques than in normal vessel walls. In the present study, we investigated the relationship between coronary atherosclerosis and noteworthy chemokines, including interferon-inducible protein of 10 kD (IP-10); monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1); regulated on activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES); and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), an established marker of atherosclerotic disease. We studied 28 patients who underwent coronary angiography because of suspected coronary artery disease (CAD). CAD was defined as stenosis of more than 50% of the vessel diameter on coronary angiograms. Blood samples were obtained both from the aorta and the coronary sinus (CS) just before coronary angiography. Relative to CAD (-) patients, those who were CAD (+) tended to have higher plasma concentrations of IP-10 in the aorta, as well as significantly higher transcoronary concentration gradients of circulating IP-10. There were no significant differences between the two groups in aortic plasma concentrations or transcoronary concentration gradients of MCP-1, RANTES, and hsCRP. Furthermore, both the aortic plasma concentrations and transcoronary concentration gradients of IP-10 correlated with the Gensini score (r = 0.58 and r = 0.63, respectively, P < 0.01), while the plasma MCP-1, RANTES, and serum hsCRP concentrations did not. This study suggests that IP-10 is a good surrogate marker of coronary atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyuki Niki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, 2. Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shikoku Medical Center for Children and Adults, Zentsuji, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Effect of oral and vaginal hormonal contraceptives on inflammatory blood biomarkers. Mediators Inflamm 2015; 2015:379501. [PMID: 25861161 PMCID: PMC4378601 DOI: 10.1155/2015/379501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of combined hormonal contraceptives has been reported to increase the level of C-reactive protein (CRP). We assessed the effect of hormonal contraceptive use on inflammatory cytokines including CRP, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, soluble tumor necrosis factor (sTNF), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and soluble CD40 ligand. We used 79 female subjects (19 to 30 years old) who were combined oral contraceptives users (n = 29), combined vaginal contraceptive users (n = 20), and nonusers (n = 30) with CRP values of ≤1 (n = 46) or ≥3 (n = 33). Information on medical history, physical activities, and dietary and sleeping habits were collected. Both oral and vaginal contraceptive users had higher levels of CRP (P < 0.0001), compared to nonusers. Only oral contraceptive users exhibited elevated sCD40L (P < 0.01). When comparing the groups with CRP ≤ 1 and CRP ≥ 3, levels of IL-6 and sTNF-RI were positively correlated with CRP among oral contraceptive users. We did not observe the same elevation for other inflammatory biomarkers for the CRP ≥ 3 group among vaginal contraceptive users. The clear cause of elevation in CRP level due to the use of different hormonal contraceptive formulations and methods is not well understood. Longitudinal studies with larger sample size are required to better assess the true cause of CRP elevation among hormonal contraceptive users.
Collapse
|
44
|
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of curcumin on macrophages polarization and possible mechanism involved, and to analyze the molecular basis of its antiatherosclerosis activity. RAW264.7 macrophages (M0) and M1 macrophages were treated with curcumin at 0, 6.25, 12.5, and 25 μmol/L with or without GW9662. Using real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis, we examined the phenotype markers of M1 [iNOS, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and MCP-1] and M2 (KLF4, FIZZ1, and MGL1] macrophages. Curcumin reduced the expression of the M1 phenotype markers and upregulated the expression of proliferator-activated receptor γ in M0 and M1 macrophages and IKBα in M1 macrophages. When M1 macrophages were incubated with curcumin and GW9662, the expression of the M1 phenotype markers was decreased, while IKBα was upregulated. The expression of the M2 phenotype markers in M0 and M1 macrophages was upregulated after the curcumin treatment. When M0 and M1 macrophages were incubated with curcumin and GW9662, the expression of the M2 phenotype markers was reduced. Curcumin inhibited the M1 inflammation phenotype as a result of the direct activation of IKBα and polarized the macrophages to become M2 phenotype through the activation of proliferator-activated receptor γ. These findings provide new clues to develop new drug therapy for atherosclerosis.
Collapse
|
45
|
Valentini L, Pinto A, Bourdel-Marchasson I, Ostan R, Brigidi P, Turroni S, Hrelia S, Hrelia P, Bereswill S, Fischer A, Leoncini E, Malaguti M, Blanc-Bisson C, Durrieu J, Spazzafumo L, Buccolini F, Pryen F, Donini LM, Franceschi C, Lochs H. Impact of personalized diet and probiotic supplementation on inflammation, nutritional parameters and intestinal microbiota - The "RISTOMED project": Randomized controlled trial in healthy older people. Clin Nutr 2014; 34:593-602. [PMID: 25453395 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2014.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2014] [Revised: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the impact of a personalized diet, with or without addition of VSL#3 preparation, on biomarkers of inflammation, nutrition, oxidative stress and intestinal microbiota in 62 healthy persons aged 65-85 years. DESIGN Open label, randomized, multicenter study. PRIMARY ENDPOINT High-sensitivity C-reactive protein. SETTING Community. INTERVENTIONS Eight week web-based dietary advice (RISTOMED platform) alone or with supplementation of VSL#3 (2 capsules per day). The RISTOMED diet was optimized to reduce inflammation and oxidative stress. MEASUREMENTS Blood and stool samples were collected on days 1 and 56. RESULTS Diet alone reduced ESR (p = 0.02), plasma levels of cholesterol (p < 0.01) and glucose (p = 0.03). Addition of VSL#3 reduced ESR (p = 0.05) and improved folate (p = 0.007), vitamin B12 (p = 0.001) and homocysteine (p < 0.001) plasma levels. Neither intervention demonstrated any further effects on inflammation. Subgroup analysis showed 40 participants without signs of low-grade inflammation (hsCRP<3 mg/l, subgroup 1) and 21 participants with low-grade inflammation at baseline (hsCRP≥3 mg/l, subgroup 2). In subgroup 2 addition of VSL#3 increased bifidobacteria (p = 0.005) in more participants and improved both folate (p = 0.015) and vitamin B12 (p = 0.035) levels compared with subgroup 1. The increases were positively correlated to the change in the bifidobacteria concentration for folate (p = 0.023) and vitamin B12 (p = 0.001). As expected change in homocysteine correlated negatively to change in folate (r = -0.629, p = 0.002) and vitamin B12 (r = -0.482, p = 0.026). CONCLUSIONS Addition of VSL#3 increased bifidobacteria and supported adequate folate and vitamin B12 concentrations in subjects with low-grade inflammation. Decrease in homocysteine with VSL#3 was clinically relevant. suggesting protective potentials for aging-associated conditions, e.g. cardiovascular or neurological diseases. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01069445-NCT01179789.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luzia Valentini
- Dept Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, CCM, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Alessandro Pinto
- Experimental Medicine Department, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Isabelle Bourdel-Marchasson
- CHU Bordeaux, Clinical Gerontology, France; CNRS, RMSB, UMR 5536, France; University Bordeaux, RMSB, UMR 5536, Bordeaux, France
| | - Rita Ostan
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Via S. Giacomo 12, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Patrizia Brigidi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Turroni
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvana Hrelia
- Dept Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Patrizia Hrelia
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefan Bereswill
- Dept Microbiology and Hygiene, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, CBF, Hindenburgdamm 27, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - André Fischer
- Dept Microbiology and Hygiene, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, CBF, Hindenburgdamm 27, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Emanuela Leoncini
- Dept Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Malaguti
- Dept Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | - Liana Spazzafumo
- Biostatistical Center INRCA, Via S. Margherita 5, 60100 Ancona, Italy
| | - Fabio Buccolini
- R&D, VoxNet CEO, Via Giovanni Paisiello 32, 00198 Rome, Italy
| | - Florence Pryen
- Actial Farmaceutica Lda, Praca Severiano Ferraz 258, 09000 082 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Lorenzo Maria Donini
- Experimental Medicine Department, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Via S. Giacomo 12, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Herbert Lochs
- Experimental Medicine Department, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; Medical University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Vasiliadis I, Kolovou G, Mavrogeni S, Nair DR, Mikhailidis DP. Sudden cardiac death and diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes Complications 2014; 28:573-9. [PMID: 24666923 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2014.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2013] [Revised: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Sudden cardiac death (SCD) affects a significant percentage of diabetic patients. SCD in these patients can be due to several factors, such as diastolic dysfunction, heart failure, altered platelet function, inflammation, sympathetic nervous stimulation and other factors. In the present review, we discuss the association between diabetes mellitus and SCD.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Death, Sudden, Cardiac/epidemiology
- Death, Sudden, Cardiac/etiology
- Death, Sudden, Cardiac/prevention & control
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/complications
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/therapy
- Diabetic Angiopathies/complications
- Diabetic Angiopathies/physiopathology
- Diabetic Angiopathies/prevention & control
- Diabetic Angiopathies/therapy
- Diabetic Cardiomyopathies/complications
- Diabetic Cardiomyopathies/physiopathology
- Diabetic Cardiomyopathies/prevention & control
- Diabetic Cardiomyopathies/therapy
- Disease Progression
- Evidence-Based Medicine
- Humans
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Vasiliadis
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry (Vascular Prevention Clinic), Royal Free Campus, University College London Medical School, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom; Cardiology Department, Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, Athens, Greece
| | - G Kolovou
- Cardiology Department, Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, Athens, Greece
| | - S Mavrogeni
- Cardiology Department, Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, Athens, Greece
| | - D R Nair
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry (Vascular Prevention Clinic), Royal Free Campus, University College London Medical School, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom
| | - D P Mikhailidis
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry (Vascular Prevention Clinic), Royal Free Campus, University College London Medical School, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Pang X, Liu J, Zhao J, Mao J, Zhang X, Feng L, Han C, Li M, Wang S, Wu D. Homocysteine induces the expression of C-reactive protein via NMDAr-ROS-MAPK-NF-κB signal pathway in rat vascular smooth muscle cells. Atherosclerosis 2014; 236:73-81. [PMID: 25016361 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Revised: 05/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Homocysteine (Hcy) is known as an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis. C-reactive protein (CRP) directly participates in initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. However, there is no direct evidence to demonstrate pro-inflammatory effect of Hcy on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) through CRP. In the present study, we examined the effect of Hcy on CRP expression and investigated the related mechanism in VSMCs. METHODS AND RESULTS Protein expression and secretion were detected by Western blot and ELISA, respectively. mRNA expression was detected by RT-PCR. Superoxide anion was detected by lucigenin chemiluminometry and the immunofluorescence staining was observed by a fluorescence microscope. The results revealed that Hcy significantly induced mRNA and protein expressions of CRP in VSMCs both in vitro and in vivo, and anti-IL-1β or anti-IL-6 neutralizing antibody alone or in combination partially reduced Hcy-induced CRP expression. Hcy increased the expression of NR1 subunit of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAr), and MK-801 alleviated Hcy-induced CRP expression in VSMCs. Further studies showed that Hcy-stimulated superoxide anion generation in VSMCs. Nevertheless, pretreatment of the cells with MK-801, TTFA and DPI significantly reduced Hcy-stimulated superoxide anion generation, and antioxidant NAC decreased Hcy-induced CRP expression in VSMCs. Additionally, PD98059, SB205380 or PDTC antagonized Hcy-induced CRP expression, and MK-801, NAC, PD98059 or SB205380 inhibited Hcy-activated phosphorylations of ERK1/2 and p38. CONCLUSION The present study demonstrates that Hcy is able to initiate an inflammatory response in VSMCs by stimulating CRP production, which is mediated through NMDAr-ROS-ERK1/2/p38-NF-κB signal pathway. These findings provide new evidence for a role of Hcy in pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Pang
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Juntian Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, China.
| | - Jingjing Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Junjun Mao
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical College, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaolu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Liuxin Feng
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Chunjie Han
- Department of Pharmacology, Shaanxi Institute for Food and Drug Control, Xi'an, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuyue Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Valentini L, Ramminger S, Haas V, Postrach E, Werich M, Fischer A, Koller M, Swidsinski A, Bereswill S, Lochs H, Schulzke JD. Small intestinal permeability in older adults. Physiol Rep 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/phy2.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Luzia Valentini
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology; Section of Nutritional Medicine; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - Sara Ramminger
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology; Section of Nutritional Medicine; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - Verena Haas
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology; Section of Nutritional Medicine; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - Elisa Postrach
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology; Section of Nutritional Medicine; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - Martina Werich
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology; Section of Nutritional Medicine; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - André Fischer
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - Michael Koller
- Center for Clinical Studies; University Hospital Regensburg; Regensburg Germany
| | - Alexander Swidsinski
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology; Section of Nutritional Medicine; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - Stefan Bereswill
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - Herbert Lochs
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology; Section of Nutritional Medicine; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Berlin Germany
- Medical University Innsbruck; Rectorate Innsbruck Austria
| | - Jörg-Dieter Schulzke
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology; Section of Nutritional Medicine; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Berlin Germany
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Valentini L, Ramminger S, Haas V, Postrach E, Werich M, Fischer A, Koller M, Swidsinski A, Bereswill S, Lochs H, Schulzke JD. Small intestinal permeability in older adults. Physiol Rep 2014; 2:e00281. [PMID: 24771689 PMCID: PMC4001874 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
It is not yet clear whether intestinal mucosal permeability changes with advancing age in humans. This question is of high importance for drug and nutrition approaches for older adults. Our main objective was to answer the question if small intestinal barrier integrity deteriorates with healthy aging. We conducted a cross‐sectional study including the pooled data of 215 nonsmoking healthy adults (93 female/122 male), 84 of whom were aged between 60 and 82 years. After a 12‐h fast, all participants ingested 10 g of lactulose and 5 g of mannitol. Urine was collected for 5 h afterwards and analyzed for test sugars. The permeability index (PI = lactulose/mannitol) was used to assess small intestinal permeability. Low‐grade inflammation defined by high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein ≥1 mL/L and kidney function (estimated glomerular filtration rate) were determined in the older age group. The PI was similar in older compared to younger adults (P =0.887). However, the urinary recovery of lactulose and mannitol was lower in the older adults and this change was neither associated with urinary volume nor glomerular filtration rate. The PI was not significantly correlated with low‐grade inflammation or presence of noninsulin‐dependent type 2 diabetes. However, it significantly deteriorated in the copresence of both conditions compared to low‐grade inflammation alone (P =0.043) or type 2 diabetes alone (P =0.015). Small intestinal mucosal barrier does not deteriorate with age per se. But low‐grade inflammation coupled with minor disease challenges, such as type 2 diabetes, can compromise the small intestinal barrier. Until now, it has not been clear if the small intestinal mucosal barrier deteriorates with age per se. We investigated the pooled data of 215 nonsmoking healthy adults, 84 of whom were aged between 60 and 82 years and found similar intestinal permeability results in all age classes. However, in participants with low‐grade inflammation coupled with type 2 diabetes the small intestinal integrity was compromised.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luzia Valentini
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Section of Nutritional Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Zheng D, Zeng F, Cai A, Liao H, Liu L, Qiu R, Xu R, Xiao C, Mai W. Baseline elevated Lp-PLA2 is associated with increased risk for re-stenosis after stent placement. Lipids Health Dis 2014; 13:41. [PMID: 24580749 PMCID: PMC3975936 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-13-41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lipoprotein associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) is a novel biomarker for cardiovascular risk prediction. Whether increased Lp-PLA2 level is associated with re-stenosis after stent-placement is unclear. Methods Totally 326 participants eligible for stent-placement were enrolled and divided into two groups according to baseline Lp-PLA2 levels (named normal and elevated groups). Baseline characteristics and clinical outcomes were compared between normal and elevated groups. The relationships between Lp-PLA2 and other risk factors with re-stenosis were evaluated. Results Only the between-group difference of Lp-PLA2 was significant (123.2 ± 33.6 ng/mL vs 336.8 ± 85.4 ng/mL, P < 0.001) while other demographic and clinical characteristics between these two groups were comparable. Approximately 55.1% and 58.5% of participants in normal and elevated groups presented with acute coronary syndrome, and the percentage of tri-vessels stenoses was significantly higher in elevated group (40.8% vs 32.1%, P = 0.016). Nearly 96.0% and 94.0% of participants in normal and elevated Lp-PLA2 groups were placed with drug-eluting stents, and the others were with bare-metal stents. After 1 year’s follow-up, the incidence of clinical end-points was comparable (13.3% vs 15.4%, P = 0.172). Nevertheless, the incidence of re-stenosis was marginally higher in elevated Lp-PLA2 group (8.5% versus 4.6%, P = 0.047). With multivariate analysis, after adjustment for other risk factors, Lp-PLA2 remained an independent predictor for re-stenosis with a hazard ratio of 1.140. No synergistic effect between Lp-PLA2 and other risk factors for re-stenosis was found. Conclusion Increased Lp-PLA2 level is associated with an increased risk of re-stenosis. Lp-PLA2 assessment may be useful in predicting subjects who are at increased risk for re-stenosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Chun Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | | |
Collapse
|