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Ntemou E, Jonkers R, Reisch K, Böttcher F, Burchert F, Picht T, Rofes A. The cortical representation of transitivity: Insights from tractography-based inhibitory nTMS. Neuropsychologia 2024; 201:108940. [PMID: 38876372 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2024.108940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Navigated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (nTMS) is commonly used to causally identify cortical regions involved in language processing. Combining tractography with nTMS has been shown to increase induced error rates by targeting stimulation of cortical terminations of white matter fibers. According to functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) data, bilateral cortical areas connected by the arcuate fasciculus (AF) have been implicated in the processing of transitive compared to unergative verbs. To test this connection between transitivity and bilateral perisylvian regions, we administered a tractography-based inhibitory nTMS protocol during action naming of finite transitive (The man reads) and unergative (The man sails) verbs. After tracking the left and right AF, we stimulated the cortical terminations of the tract in frontal, parietal and temporal regions in 20 neurologically healthy native speakers of German. Results revealed that nTMS induced more errors during transitive compared to unergative verb naming when stimulating the left (vs right) AF terminations. This effect was specific to the left temporal terminations of the AF, whereas no differences between the two verb types were identified when stimulating inferior parietal and frontal AF terminations. Induced errors for transitive verbs over left temporal terminations mostly manifested as access errors (i.e., hesitations). Given the inhibitory nature of our nTMS protocol, these results suggest that temporal regions of the left hemisphere play a crucial role in argument structure processing. Our findings align with previous data on the role of left posterior temporal regions in language processing and by providing further evidence from a language production experiment using tractography-based inhibitory nTMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Effrosyni Ntemou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Brain Language Laboratory, Department of Philosophy and Humanities, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
| | - Roel Jonkers
- Center for Language and Cognition (CLCG), University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Klara Reisch
- Department of Neurosurgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Franziska Böttcher
- Department of Neurosurgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Frank Burchert
- Department of Linguistics, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Thomas Picht
- Department of Neurosurgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Cluster of Excellence: "Matters of Activity. Image Space Material", Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany
| | - Adrià Rofes
- Center for Language and Cognition (CLCG), University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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Arheix-Parras S, Franco J, Siklafidou IP, Villain M, Rogue C, Python G, Glize B. Neuromodulation of the Right Motor Cortex of the Lips With Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation to Reduce Phonological Impairment and Improve Naming in Three Persons With Aphasia: A Single-Case Experimental Design. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY 2024; 33:2023-2040. [PMID: 38875479 DOI: 10.1044/2024_ajslp-23-00215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) can enhance aphasia recovery. Most studies have used inhibitory stimulation targeting the right inferior frontal gyrus. However, the motor cortex, observed to contribute to the prediction of aphasia recovery, is involved in word production and could be an appropriate target for rTMS. We aimed to observe behavioral changes in a picture naming task induced by inhibitory rTMS targeting the right motor cortex of the lips in people with poststroke aphasia. METHOD Using a single-case experimental design, we included three participants with chronic poststroke aphasia who had phonological deficits. Each participant performed a verbal picture naming task 3 times a week for 2, 3, or 4 weeks (pseudorandom across participants) to establish a baseline naming ability for each participant. These were not therapy sessions, and no feedback was provided. Then, each participant received the intervention, inhibitory continuous theta burst stimulation targeting the right motor cortex of the lips, 3 times a week for 2 weeks. Naming testing continued 3 times a week, for these latter 2 weeks. No therapy was performed at any time during the study. RESULTS Visual analysis of the graphs showed a positive effect of rTMS for P2 and P3 on picture naming accuracy and a tendency toward improvement for P1. Statistical analysis showed an improvement after rTMS for P1 (τ = 0.544, p = .013, SETau = 0.288) and P2 (τ = 0.708, p = .001, SETau = 0.235). For P3, even if the intervention allowed some improvement, this was statistically nonsignificant due to a learning effect during the baseline naming testing, which lasted the longest, 4 weeks. Regarding specific language features, phonological errors significantly decreased in all patients. CONCLUSIONS The motor cortex of the lips could be an appropriate target for rTMS to improve naming in people with poststroke aphasia suffering from a phonological deficit. This suggests the possibility to individualize the target for rTMS, according to the patient's linguistic impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Arheix-Parras
- ACTIVE Team, Bordeaux Population Health, University of Bordeaux, France
- Institut Universitaire des Sciences de la Réadaptation, University of Bordeaux, France
| | - Julie Franco
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Marie Villain
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, AP-HP La Pitié Salpêtrière - Charles Foix University Hospital, France
- AP-HP, Handicap Moteur et Cognitif & Réadaptation, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- ICM, INSERM UMRS 1127, CNRS, UMR 7225, Brain and Spine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Rogue
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, France
| | - Grégoire Python
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland
| | - Bertrand Glize
- ACTIVE Team, Bordeaux Population Health, University of Bordeaux, France
- Institut Universitaire des Sciences de la Réadaptation, University of Bordeaux, France
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, France
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Yueh-Hsin L, Dadario NB, Tang SJ, Crawford L, Tanglay O, Dow HK, Young I, Ahsan SA, Doyen S, Sughrue ME. Discernible interindividual patterns of global efficiency decline during theoretical brain surgery. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14573. [PMID: 38914649 PMCID: PMC11196730 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64845-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The concept of functional localization within the brain and the associated risk of resecting these areas during removal of infiltrating tumors, such as diffuse gliomas, are well established in neurosurgery. Global efficiency (GE) is a graph theory concept that can be used to simulate connectome disruption following tumor resection. Structural connectivity graphs were created from diffusion tractography obtained from the brains of 80 healthy adults. These graphs were then used to simulate parcellation resection in every gross anatomical region of the cerebrum by identifying every possible combination of adjacent nodes in a graph and then measuring the drop in GE following nodal deletion. Progressive removal of brain parcellations led to patterns of GE decline that were reasonably predictable but had inter-subject differences. Additionally, as expected, there were deletion of some nodes that were worse than others. However, in each lobe examined in every subject, some deletion combinations were worse for GE than removing a greater number of nodes in a different region of the brain. Among certain patients, patterns of common nodes which exhibited worst GE upon removal were identified as "connectotypes". Given some evidence in the literature linking GE to certain aspects of neuro-cognitive abilities, investigating these connectotypes could potentially mitigate the impact of brain surgery on cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yueh-Hsin
- Centre for Minimally Invasive Neurosurgery, Prince of Wales Private Hospital, Suite 19, Level 7 Prince of Wales Private Hospital, Randwick, Sydney, NSW, 2031, Australia
| | - Nicholas B Dadario
- Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, 125 Paterson St, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Si Jie Tang
- School of Medicine, 21772 University of California Davis Medical Center, 2315 Stockton Blvd., Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Lewis Crawford
- Omniscient Neurotechnology, Level 10/580 George Street, Sydney, NSW, 2000, Australia
| | - Onur Tanglay
- Omniscient Neurotechnology, Level 10/580 George Street, Sydney, NSW, 2000, Australia
| | - Hsu-Kang Dow
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Building K17, Sydney, NSW, 2052, USA
| | - Isabella Young
- Omniscient Neurotechnology, Level 10/580 George Street, Sydney, NSW, 2000, Australia
| | - Syed Ali Ahsan
- Centre for Minimally Invasive Neurosurgery, Prince of Wales Private Hospital, Suite 19, Level 7 Prince of Wales Private Hospital, Randwick, Sydney, NSW, 2031, Australia
| | - Stephane Doyen
- Omniscient Neurotechnology, Level 10/580 George Street, Sydney, NSW, 2000, Australia
| | - Michael E Sughrue
- Centre for Minimally Invasive Neurosurgery, Prince of Wales Private Hospital, Suite 19, Level 7 Prince of Wales Private Hospital, Randwick, Sydney, NSW, 2031, Australia.
- Omniscient Neurotechnology, Level 10/580 George Street, Sydney, NSW, 2000, Australia.
- Centre for Minimally Invasive Neurosurgery, Prince of Wales Private Hospital, Suite 3, Level 7 Barker St, Randwick, NSW, 2031, USA.
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Fava A, Lisi SV, Mauro L, Morace R, Ciavarro M, Gorgoglione N, Petrella G, Quarato PP, Di Gennaro G, di Russo P, Esposito V. The anterior sylvian point as a reliable landmark for the anterior temporal lobectomy in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy: technical note, case series, and cadaveric dissection. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1352321. [PMID: 39015783 PMCID: PMC11250084 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1352321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) is one of the most prevalent forms of focal epilepsy in surgical series, particularly among adults. Over the decades, different surgical strategies have been developed to address drug-resistant epilepsy while safeguarding neurological and cognitive functions. Among these strategies, anterior temporal lobectomy (ATL), involving the removal of the temporal pole and mesial temporal structures, has emerged as a widely employed technique. Numerous modifications have been proposed to mitigate the risks associated with aphasia, cognitive issues, and visual field defects. Methods Our approach is elucidated through intraoperative and cadaveric dissections, complemented by neuroradiological and cadaveric measurements of key anatomical landmarks. A retrospective analysis of patients with drug-resistant MTLE who were treated using our ATL technique at IRCCS Neuromed (Pozzilli) is presented. Results A total of 385 patients were treated with our ATL subpial technique anatomically focused on the anterior Sylvian point (ASyP). The mean FU was 9.9 ± 5.4 years (range 1-24). In total, 84%of patients were free of seizures during the last follow-up, with no permanent neurological deficits. Transient defects were as follows: aphasia in 3% of patients, visual field defects in 2% of patients, hemiparesis in 2% of patients, and cognitive/memory impairments in 0.8% of patients. In cadaveric dissections, the ASyP was found at a mean distance from the temporal pole of 3.4 ± 0.2 cm (range 3-3.8) at the right side and 3.5 ± 0.2 cm (3.2-3.9) at the left side. In neuroimaging, the ASyP resulted anterior to the temporal horn tip in all cases at a mean distance of 3.2 ± 0.3 mm (range 2.7-3.6) at the right side and 3.5 ± 0.4 mm (range 2.8-3.8) at the left side. Discussion To the best of our knowledge, this study first introduces the ASyP as a reliable and reproducible cortical landmark to perform the ATL to overcome the patients' variabilities, the risk of Meyer's loop injury, and the bias of intraoperative measurements. Our findings demonstrate that ASyP can be a safe cortical landmark that is useful in MTLE surgery because it is constantly present and is anterior to risky temporal regions such as temporal horn and language networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Fava
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy “G. Cantore”, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
- Department of Human Neurosciences, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Luigi Mauro
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy “G. Cantore”, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | | | | | - Nicola Gorgoglione
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy “G. Cantore”, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Paolo di Russo
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy “G. Cantore”, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Esposito
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy “G. Cantore”, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
- Department of Human Neurosciences, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
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Maldonado IL, Descoteaux M, Rheault F, Zemmoura I, Benn A, Margulies D, Boré A, Duffau H, Mandonnet E. Multimodal study of multilevel pulvino-temporal connections: a new piece in the puzzle of lexical retrieval networks. Brain 2024; 147:2245-2257. [PMID: 38243610 PMCID: PMC11146422 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awae021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Advanced methods of imaging and mapping the healthy and lesioned brain have allowed for the identification of the cortical nodes and white matter tracts supporting the dual neurofunctional organization of language networks in a dorsal phonological and a ventral semantic stream. Much less understood are the anatomical correlates of the interaction between the two streams; one hypothesis being that of a subcortically mediated interaction, through crossed cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical and cortico-thalamo-cortical loops. In this regard, the pulvinar is the thalamic subdivision that has most regularly appeared as implicated in the processing of lexical retrieval. However, descriptions of its connections with temporal (language) areas remain scarce. Here we assess this pulvino-temporal connectivity using a combination of state-of-the-art techniques: white matter stimulation in awake surgery and postoperative diffusion MRI (n = 4), virtual dissection from the Human Connectome Project 3 and 7 T datasets (n = 172) and operative microscope-assisted post-mortem fibre dissection (n = 12). We demonstrate the presence of four fundamental fibre contingents: (i) the anterior component (Arnold's bundle proper) initially described by Arnold in the 19th century and destined to the anterior temporal lobe; (ii) the optic radiations-like component, which leaves the pulvinar accompanying the optical radiations and reaches the posterior basal temporal cortices; (iii) the lateral component, which crosses the temporal stem orthogonally and reaches the middle temporal gyrus; and (iv) the auditory radiations-like component, which leaves the pulvinar accompanying the auditory radiations to the superomedial aspect of the temporal operculum, just posteriorly to Heschl's gyrus. Each of those components might correspond to a different level of information processing involved in the lexical retrieval process of picture naming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Lima Maldonado
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, 37000 Tours, France
- Department of Neurosurgery, CHRU de Tours, 37000 Tours, France
| | - Maxime Descoteaux
- Sherbrooke Connectivity Imaging Laboratory, Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, J1K 2X9 Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
- Imeka Solutions, J1H 4A7 Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Ilyess Zemmoura
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, 37000 Tours, France
- Department of Neurosurgery, CHRU de Tours, 37000 Tours, France
| | - Austin Benn
- CNRS, Integrative Neuroscience and Cognition Center (UMR 8002), Université de Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, OX1 3QD Oxford, UK
| | - Daniel Margulies
- CNRS, Integrative Neuroscience and Cognition Center (UMR 8002), Université de Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Arnaud Boré
- Sherbrooke Connectivity Imaging Laboratory, Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, J1K 2X9 Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Hugues Duffau
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, 34090 Montpellier, France
- Team ‘Plasticity of Central Nervous System, Stem Cells and Glial Tumors’, U1191 Laboratory, Institute of Functional Genomics, National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM), University of Montpellier, 34000, Montpellier, France
| | - Emmanuel Mandonnet
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lariboisière Hospital, AP-HP, 75010 Paris, France
- Frontlab, CNRS UMR 7225, INSERM U1127, Paris Brain Institute (ICM), 75013 Paris, France
- UFR Médecine, Université de Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France
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Shain C, Kean H, Casto C, Lipkin B, Affourtit J, Siegelman M, Mollica F, Fedorenko E. Distributed Sensitivity to Syntax and Semantics throughout the Language Network. J Cogn Neurosci 2024; 36:1427-1471. [PMID: 38683732 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_02164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Human language is expressive because it is compositional: The meaning of a sentence (semantics) can be inferred from its structure (syntax). It is commonly believed that language syntax and semantics are processed by distinct brain regions. Here, we revisit this claim using precision fMRI methods to capture separation or overlap of function in the brains of individual participants. Contrary to prior claims, we find distributed sensitivity to both syntax and semantics throughout a broad frontotemporal brain network. Our results join a growing body of evidence for an integrated network for language in the human brain within which internal specialization is primarily a matter of degree rather than kind, in contrast with influential proposals that advocate distinct specialization of different brain areas for different types of linguistic functions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hope Kean
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology
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Han Y, Jing Y, Shi Y, Mo H, Wan Y, Zhou H, Deng F. The role of language-related functional brain regions and white matter tracts in network plasticity of post-stroke aphasia. J Neurol 2024; 271:3095-3115. [PMID: 38607432 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-024-12358-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
The neural mechanisms underlying language recovery after a stroke remain controversial. This review aimed to summarize the plasticity and reorganization mechanisms of the language network through neuroimaging studies. Initially, we discussed the involvement of right language homologues, perilesional tissue, and domain-general networks. Subsequently, we summarized the white matter functional mapping and remodeling mechanisms associated with language subskills. Finally, we explored how non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) promoted language recovery by inducing neural network plasticity. It was observed that the recruitment of right hemisphere language area homologues played a pivotal role in the early stages of frontal post-stroke aphasia (PSA), particularly in patients with larger lesions. Perilesional plasticity correlated with improved speech performance and prognosis. The domain-general networks could respond to increased "effort" in a task-dependent manner from the top-down when the downstream language network was impaired. Fluency, repetition, comprehension, naming, and reading skills exhibited overlapping and unique dual-pathway functional mapping models. In the acute phase, the structural remodeling of white matter tracts became challenging, with recovery predominantly dependent on cortical activation. Similar to the pattern of cortical activation, during the subacute and chronic phases, improvements in language functions depended, respectively, on the remodeling of right white matter tracts and the restoration of left-lateralized language structural network patterns. Moreover, the midline superior frontal gyrus/dorsal anterior cingulate cortex emerged as a promising target for NIBS. These findings offered theoretical insights for the early personalized treatment of aphasia after stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Han
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuanyuan Jing
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanmin Shi
- Health Management (Physical Examination) Center, The Second Norman Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongbin Mo
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yafei Wan
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongwei Zhou
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Fang Deng
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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Baciu M, Roger E. Finding the Words: How Does the Aging Brain Process Language? A Focused Review of Brain Connectivity and Compensatory Pathways. Top Cogn Sci 2024. [PMID: 38734967 DOI: 10.1111/tops.12736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
As people age, there is a natural decline in cognitive functioning and brain structure. However, the relationship between brain function and cognition in older adults is neither straightforward nor uniform. Instead, it is complex, influenced by multiple factors, and can vary considerably from one person to another. Reserve, compensation, and maintenance mechanisms may help explain why some older adults can maintain high levels of performance while others struggle. These mechanisms are often studied concerning memory and executive functions that are particularly sensitive to the effects of aging. However, language abilities can also be affected by age, with changes in production fluency. The impact of brain changes on language abilities needs to be further investigated to understand the dynamics and patterns of aging, especially successful aging. We previously modeled several compensatory profiles of language production and lexical access/retrieval in aging within the Lexical Access and Retrieval in Aging (LARA) model. In the present paper, we propose an extended version of the LARA model, called LARA-Connectivity (LARA-C), incorporating recent evidence on brain connectivity. Finally, we discuss factors that may influence the strategies implemented with aging. The LARA-C model can serve as a framework to understand individual performance and open avenues for possible personalized interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Baciu
- LPNC, Psychology Department, Grenoble Alps University
- Neurology Department, Grenoble Alps University Hospital
| | - Elise Roger
- LPNC, Psychology Department, Grenoble Alps University
- Communication and Aging Laboratory, Research Center of the University Institute of Geriatrics of Montreal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal
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Kram L, Neu B, Schroeder A, Wiestler B, Meyer B, Krieg SM, Ille S. Toward a systematic grading for the selection of patients to undergo awake surgery: identifying suitable predictor variables. Front Hum Neurosci 2024; 18:1365215. [PMID: 38756845 PMCID: PMC11096515 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2024.1365215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Awake craniotomy is the standard of care for treating language eloquent gliomas. However, depending on preoperative functionality, it is not feasible in each patient and selection criteria are highly heterogeneous. Thus, this study aimed to identify broadly applicable predictor variables allowing for a more systematic and objective patient selection. Methods We performed post-hoc analyses of preoperative language status, patient and tumor characteristics including language eloquence of 96 glioma patients treated in a single neurosurgical center between 05/2018 and 01/2021. Multinomial logistic regression and stepwise variable selection were applied to identify significant predictors of awake surgery feasibility. Results Stepwise backward selection confirmed that a higher number of paraphasias, lower age, and high language eloquence level were suitable indicators for an awake surgery in our cohort. Subsequent descriptive and ROC-analyses indicated a cut-off at ≤54 years and a language eloquence level of at least 6 for awake surgeries, which require further validation. A high language eloquence, lower age, preexisting semantic and phonological aphasic symptoms have shown to be suitable predictors. Conclusion The combination of these factors may act as a basis for a systematic and standardized grading of patients' suitability for an awake craniotomy which is easily integrable into the preoperative workflow across neurosurgical centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonie Kram
- Department of Neurosurgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Beate Neu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Axel Schroeder
- Department of Neurosurgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Benedikt Wiestler
- Section of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Bernhard Meyer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Sandro M. Krieg
- Department of Neurosurgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- TUM-Neuroimaging Center, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Ille
- Department of Neurosurgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- TUM-Neuroimaging Center, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
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10
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Kram L, Schroeder A, Meyer B, Krieg SM, Ille S. Function-guided differences of arcuate fascicle and inferior fronto-occipital fascicle tractography as diagnostic indicators for surgical risk stratification. Brain Struct Funct 2024:10.1007/s00429-024-02787-3. [PMID: 38597941 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-024-02787-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several patients with language-eloquent gliomas face language deterioration postoperatively. Persistent aphasia is frequently associated with damage to subcortical language pathways. Underlying mechanisms still need to be better understood, complicating preoperative risk assessment. This study compared qualitative and quantitative functionally relevant subcortical differences pre- and directly postoperatively in glioma patients with and without aphasia. METHODS Language-relevant cortical sites were defined using navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (nTMS) language mapping in 74 patients between 07/2016 and 07/2019. Post-hoc nTMS-based diffusion tensor imaging tractography was used to compare a tract's pre- and postoperative visualization, volume and fractional anisotropy (FA), and the preoperative distance between tract and lesion and postoperative overlap with the resection cavity between the following groups: no aphasia (NoA), tumor- or previous resection induced aphasia persistent pre- and postoperatively (TIA_P), and surgery-induced transient or permanent aphasia (SIA_T or SIA_P). RESULTS Patients with NoA, TIA_P, SIA_T, and SIA_P showed distinct fasciculus arcuatus (AF) and inferior-fronto-occipital fasciculus (IFOF) properties. The AF was more frequently reconstructable, and the FA of IFOF was higher in NoA than TIA_P cases (all p ≤ 0.03). Simultaneously, SIA_T cases showed higher IFOF fractional anisotropy than TIA_P cases (p < 0.001) and the most considerable AF volume loss overall. While not statistically significant, the four SIA_P cases showed complete loss of ventral language streams postoperatively, the highest resection-cavity-AF-overlap, and the shortest AF to tumor distance. CONCLUSION Functionally relevant qualitative and quantitative differences in AF and IFOF provide a pre- and postoperative pathophysiological and clinically relevant diagnostic indicator that supports surgical risk stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonie Kram
- Department of Neurosurgery, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Ruprecht-Karls-University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Axel Schroeder
- Department of Neurosurgery, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Bernhard Meyer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Sandro M Krieg
- Department of Neurosurgery, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Ruprecht-Karls-University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Ille
- Department of Neurosurgery, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Ruprecht-Karls-University, Heidelberg, Germany.
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11
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Regev TI, Kim HS, Chen X, Affourtit J, Schipper AE, Bergen L, Mahowald K, Fedorenko E. High-level language brain regions process sublexical regularities. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhae077. [PMID: 38494886 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
A network of left frontal and temporal brain regions supports language processing. This "core" language network stores our knowledge of words and constructions as well as constraints on how those combine to form sentences. However, our linguistic knowledge additionally includes information about phonemes and how they combine to form phonemic clusters, syllables, and words. Are phoneme combinatorics also represented in these language regions? Across five functional magnetic resonance imaging experiments, we investigated the sensitivity of high-level language processing brain regions to sublexical linguistic regularities by examining responses to diverse nonwords-sequences of phonemes that do not constitute real words (e.g. punes, silory, flope). We establish robust responses in the language network to visually (experiment 1a, n = 605) and auditorily (experiments 1b, n = 12, and 1c, n = 13) presented nonwords. In experiment 2 (n = 16), we find stronger responses to nonwords that are more well-formed, i.e. obey the phoneme-combinatorial constraints of English. Finally, in experiment 3 (n = 14), we provide suggestive evidence that the responses in experiments 1 and 2 are not due to the activation of real words that share some phonology with the nonwords. The results suggest that sublexical regularities are stored and processed within the same fronto-temporal network that supports lexical and syntactic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamar I Regev
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Hee So Kim
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Xuanyi Chen
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
- Department of Cognitive Sciences, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, United States
| | - Josef Affourtit
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Abigail E Schipper
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Leon Bergen
- Department of Linguistics, University of California San Diego, San Diego CA 92093, United States
| | - Kyle Mahowald
- Department of Linguistics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States
| | - Evelina Fedorenko
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
- The Harvard Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology, Boston, MA 02115, United States
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12
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Kljajevic V. Embracing virtual reality in rehabilitation of post-stroke aphasia. Digit Health 2024; 10:20552076241271823. [PMID: 39221089 PMCID: PMC11363242 DOI: 10.1177/20552076241271823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
About one-third of stroke survivors experience aphasia, i.e., language dysfunction caused by brain damage. Aphasia affects not only a person's ability to communicate, but it often leads to the inability to return to work, loss of close relationships, diminished quality of life, negative self-perception, and depression. Yet persons with aphasia are globally underserved due to limited access to resources, which limits their chance for recovery. Immersive virtual reality (VR) has the potential to solve this problem and deliver efficient, personalized treatments to millions of people worldwide who need access to rehabilitation services or more flexibility in treatment delivery. To reduce the global burden of stroke experts recommend taking bold, pragmatic actions across all four pillars of stroke quadrangle-surveillance, prevention, acute care, and rehabilitation. Embracing immersive VR-based rehabilitation of poststroke aphasia would be one step in that direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanja Kljajevic
- Department of Special Needs Education, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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13
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De Benedictis A, Rossi-Espagnet MC, de Palma L, Sarubbo S, Marras CE. Structural networking of the developing brain: from maturation to neurosurgical implications. Front Neuroanat 2023; 17:1242757. [PMID: 38099209 PMCID: PMC10719860 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2023.1242757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Modern neuroscience agrees that neurological processing emerges from the multimodal interaction among multiple cortical and subcortical neuronal hubs, connected at short and long distance by white matter, to form a largely integrated and dynamic network, called the brain "connectome." The final architecture of these circuits results from a complex, continuous, and highly protracted development process of several axonal pathways that constitute the anatomical substrate of neuronal interactions. Awareness of the network organization of the central nervous system is crucial not only to understand the basis of children's neurological development, but also it may be of special interest to improve the quality of neurosurgical treatments of many pediatric diseases. Although there are a flourishing number of neuroimaging studies of the connectome, a comprehensive vision linking this research to neurosurgical practice is still lacking in the current pediatric literature. The goal of this review is to contribute to bridging this gap. In the first part, we summarize the main current knowledge concerning brain network maturation and its involvement in different aspects of normal neurocognitive development as well as in the pathophysiology of specific diseases. The final section is devoted to identifying possible implications of this knowledge in the neurosurgical field, especially in epilepsy and tumor surgery, and to discuss promising perspectives for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Luca de Palma
- Clinical and Experimental Neurology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvio Sarubbo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Santa Chiara Hospital, Azienda Provinciale per i Servizi Sanitari (APSS), Trento, Italy
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14
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Shekari E, Seyfi M, Modarres Zadeh A, Batouli SA, Valinejad V, Goudarzi S, Joghataei MT. Mechanisms of brain activation following naming therapy in aphasia: A systematic review on task-based fMRI studies. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY. ADULT 2023; 30:780-801. [PMID: 35666667 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2022.2074849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The pattern of brain neuroplasticity after naming therapies in patients with aphasia can be evaluated using task-based fMRI. This article aims to review studies investigating brain reorganization after semantic and phonological-based anomia therapy that used picture-naming fMRI tasks. We searched for those articles that compared the activation of brain areas before and after aphasia therapies in the PubMed and the EMBASE databases from 1993 up to April 2020. All studies (single-cases or group designs) on anomia treatment in individuals with acquired aphasia were reviewed. Data were synthesized descriptively through tables to allow the facilitated comparison of the studies. A total of 14 studies were selected and reviewed. The results of the reviewed studies demonstrated that the naming improvement is associated with changes in the activation of cortical and subcortical brain areas. This review highlights the need for a more systematic investigation of the association between decreased and increased activation of brain areas related to anomia therapy. Also, more detailed information about factors influencing brain reorganization is required to elucidate the neural mechanisms of anomia therapy. Overall, regarding the theoretical and clinical aspects, the number of studies that used intensive protocol is growing, and based on the positive potential of these treatments, they could be suitable for the rehabilitation of people with aphasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Shekari
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Milad Seyfi
- Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Modarres Zadeh
- Department of Speech Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Amirhossein Batouli
- Neuroimaging and Analysis Group, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Valinejad
- Department of Speech Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Goudarzi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taghi Joghataei
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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15
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Di Carlo DT, Filice ME, Fava A, Quilici F, Fuochi B, Cecchi P, Donatelli G, Restani L, Nardini V, Turillazzi E, Cosottini M, Perrini P. Development of associational fiber tracts in fetal human brain: a cadaveric laboratory investigation. Brain Struct Funct 2023; 228:2007-2015. [PMID: 37658857 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-023-02701-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
The advent of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in addition to cadaveric brain dissection allowed a comprehensive description of an adult human brain. Nonetheless, the knowledge of the development of the internal architecture of the brain is mostly incomplete. Our study aimed to provide a description of the anatomical variations of the major associational bundles, among fetal and early post-natal periods. Seventeen formalin-fixed fetal human brains were enrolled for sulci analysis, and 13 specimens were dissected under the operating microscope, using Klingler's technique. Although fronto-temporal connections could be observed in all stages of development, a distinction between the uncinate fascicle, and the inferior fronto-occipital fascicle was clear starting from the early preterm period (25-35 post-conceptional week). Similarly, we were consistently able to isolate the periatrial white matter that forms the sagittal stratum (SS), with no clear distinction among SS layers. Arcuate fascicle and superior longitudinal fascicle were isolated only at the late stage of development without a reliable description of their entire course. The results of our study demonstrated that, although white matter is mostly unmyelinated among fetal human brains, cadaveric dissection can be performed with consistent results. Furthermore, the stepwise development of the associational fiber tracts strengthens the hypothesis that anatomy and function run in parallel, and higher is the cognitive functions subserved by an anatomical structure, later the development of the fascicle. Further histological-anatomical-DWI investigations are required to appraise and explore this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Tiziano Di Carlo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana (AOUP), Via Paradisa 2, 56100, Pisa, Italy.
- Department of Translational Research on New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Maria Elena Filice
- Department of Pathology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana (AOUP), Pisa, Italy
| | - Arianna Fava
- Department of Neurosurgery, IRCSS Neuromed, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Francesca Quilici
- Department of Pathology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana (AOUP), Pisa, Italy
| | - Beatrice Fuochi
- Department of Pathology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana (AOUP), Pisa, Italy
| | - Paolo Cecchi
- Department of Neuroradiology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Laura Restani
- Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Nardini
- Department of Pathology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana (AOUP), Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Mirco Cosottini
- Department of Neuroradiology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Paolo Perrini
- Department of Translational Research on New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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16
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Tuckute G, Sathe A, Srikant S, Taliaferro M, Wang M, Schrimpf M, Kay K, Fedorenko E. Driving and suppressing the human language network using large language models. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.16.537080. [PMID: 37090673 PMCID: PMC10120732 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.16.537080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Transformer models such as GPT generate human-like language and are highly predictive of human brain responses to language. Here, using fMRI-measured brain responses to 1,000 diverse sentences, we first show that a GPT-based encoding model can predict the magnitude of brain response associated with each sentence. Then, we use the model to identify new sentences that are predicted to drive or suppress responses in the human language network. We show that these model-selected novel sentences indeed strongly drive and suppress activity of human language areas in new individuals. A systematic analysis of the model-selected sentences reveals that surprisal and well-formedness of linguistic input are key determinants of response strength in the language network. These results establish the ability of neural network models to not only mimic human language but also noninvasively control neural activity in higher-level cortical areas, like the language network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greta Tuckute
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
| | - Aalok Sathe
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
| | - Shashank Srikant
- Computer Science & Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
- MIT-IBM Watson AI Lab, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Maya Taliaferro
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
| | - Mingye Wang
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
| | - Martin Schrimpf
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
- Quest for Intelligence, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
- Neuro-X Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kendrick Kay
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
| | - Evelina Fedorenko
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
- The Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
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17
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Papanicolaou AC. Non-Invasive Mapping of the Neuronal Networks of Language. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1457. [PMID: 37891824 PMCID: PMC10605023 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13101457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This review consists of three main sections. In the first, the Introduction, the main theories of the neuronal mediation of linguistic operations, derived mostly from studies of the effects of focal lesions on linguistic performance, are summarized. These models furnish the conceptual framework on which the design of subsequent functional neuroimaging investigations is based. In the second section, the methods of functional neuroimaging, especially those of functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) and of Magnetoencephalography (MEG), are detailed along with the specific activation tasks employed in presurgical functional mapping. The reliability of these non-invasive methods and their validity, judged against the results of the invasive methods, namely, the "Wada" procedure and Cortical Stimulation Mapping (CSM), is assessed and their use in presurgical mapping is justified. In the third and final section, the applications of fMRI and MEG in basic research are surveyed in the following six sub-sections, each dealing with the assessment of the neuronal networks for (1) the acoustic and phonological, (2) for semantic, (3) for syntactic, (4) for prosodic operations, (5) for sign language and (6) for the operations of reading and the mechanisms of dyslexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew C Papanicolaou
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38013, USA
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18
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Yu Q, Jiang Y, Sun Y, Ju X, Ye T, Liu N, Qian S, Liu K. Effects of Damage to the Integrity of the Left Dual-Stream Frontotemporal Network Mediated by the Arcuate Fasciculus and Uncinate Fasciculus on Acute/Subacute Post-Stroke Aphasia. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1324. [PMID: 37759925 PMCID: PMC10526853 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13091324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: To investigate the correlation between the integrity of the left dual-stream frontotemporal network mediated by the arcuate fasciculus (AF) and uncinate fasciculus (UF), and acute/subacute post-stroke aphasia (PSA). (2) Methods: Thirty-six patients were recruited and received both a language assessment and a diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) scan. Correlations between diffusion indices in the bilateral LSAF/UF and language performance assessment were analyzed with correlation analyses. Multiple linear regression analysis was also implemented to investigate the effects of the integrity of the left LSAF/UF on language performance. (3) Results: Correlation analyses showed that the diffusion indices, including mean fractional anisotropy (FA) values and the fiber number of the left LSAF rather than the left UF was significantly positively associated with language domain scores (p < 0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed an independent and positive association between the mean FA value of the left LSAF and the percentage score of language subsets. In addition, no interaction effect of the integrity of the left LSAF and UF on language performance was found (p > 0.05). (4) Conclusions: The integrity of the left LSAF, but not the UF, might play important roles in supporting residual language ability in individuals with acute/subacute PSA; simultaneous disruption of the dual-stream frontotemporal network mediated by the left LSAF and UF would not result in more severe aphasia than damage to either pathway alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiwei Yu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215008, China; (Q.Y.); (Y.J.); (X.J.); (T.Y.); (N.L.); (S.Q.)
| | - Yuer Jiang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215008, China; (Q.Y.); (Y.J.); (X.J.); (T.Y.); (N.L.); (S.Q.)
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215008, China;
| | - Xiaowen Ju
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215008, China; (Q.Y.); (Y.J.); (X.J.); (T.Y.); (N.L.); (S.Q.)
| | - Tianfen Ye
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215008, China; (Q.Y.); (Y.J.); (X.J.); (T.Y.); (N.L.); (S.Q.)
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215008, China; (Q.Y.); (Y.J.); (X.J.); (T.Y.); (N.L.); (S.Q.)
| | - Surong Qian
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215008, China; (Q.Y.); (Y.J.); (X.J.); (T.Y.); (N.L.); (S.Q.)
| | - Kefu Liu
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215008, China;
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19
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Danielli E, Simard N, DeMatteo CA, Kumbhare D, Ulmer S, Noseworthy MD. A review of brain regions and associated post-concussion symptoms. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1136367. [PMID: 37602240 PMCID: PMC10435092 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1136367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The human brain is an exceptionally complex organ that is comprised of billions of neurons. Therefore, when a traumatic event such as a concussion occurs, somatic, cognitive, behavioral, and sleep impairments are the common outcome. Each concussion is unique in the sense that the magnitude of biomechanical forces and the direction, rotation, and source of those forces are different for each concussive event. This helps to explain the unpredictable nature of post-concussion symptoms that can arise and resolve. The purpose of this narrative review is to connect the anatomical location, healthy function, and associated post-concussion symptoms of some major cerebral gray and white matter brain regions and the cerebellum. As a non-exhaustive description of post-concussion symptoms nor comprehensive inclusion of all brain regions, we have aimed to amalgamate the research performed for specific brain regions into a single article to clarify and enhance clinical and research concussion assessment. The current status of concussion diagnosis is highly subjective and primarily based on self-report of symptoms, so this review may be able to provide a connection between brain anatomy and the clinical presentation of concussions to enhance medical imaging assessments. By explaining anatomical relevance in terms of clinical concussion symptom presentation, an increased understanding of concussions may also be achieved to improve concussion recognition and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan Danielli
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Imaging Research Centre, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- KITE Research Institute, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nicholas Simard
- Imaging Research Centre, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Carol A. DeMatteo
- ARiEAL Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Dinesh Kumbhare
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Imaging Research Centre, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- KITE Research Institute, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Stephan Ulmer
- Neurorad.ch, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Michael D. Noseworthy
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Imaging Research Centre, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- ARiEAL Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Radiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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20
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Boerner C, Schroeder A, Meyer B, Krieg SM, Ille S. Cortical Location of Language Function May Differ between Languages While White Matter Pathways Are Similar in Brain Lesion Patients. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1141. [PMID: 37626496 PMCID: PMC10452579 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13081141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The neural representation of language can be identified cortically using navigated repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and subcortically using the fiber tracking of diffusion tensor imaging. We investigated how cortical locations of language and language-eloquent white matter pathways differ in 40 brain lesion patients speaking various languages. Error rates related to stimulations at single sites in the frontal and parietal lobe differed significantly between Balto-Slavic and Indo-European languages. Error rates related to stimulations at single sites in the temporal lobe differed significantly between bilingual individuals. No differences were found in the white matter language pathway volumes between Balto-Slavic and Indo-European languages nor between bilingual patients. These original and exploratory data indicate that the underlying subcortical structure might be similar across languages, with initially observed differences in the cortical location of language depending on the semantic processing, but these could not be confirmed using detailed statistical analyses pointing at a similar cortical and subcortical network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinna Boerner
- Department of Neurosurgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
- TUM-Neuroimaging Center, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Axel Schroeder
- Department of Neurosurgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
- TUM-Neuroimaging Center, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Bernhard Meyer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Sandro M. Krieg
- Department of Neurosurgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
- TUM-Neuroimaging Center, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Ille
- Department of Neurosurgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
- TUM-Neuroimaging Center, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
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21
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Yuan B, Xie H, Wang Z, Xu Y, Zhang H, Liu J, Chen L, Li C, Tan S, Lin Z, Hu X, Gu T, Lu J, Liu D, Wu J. The domain-separation language network dynamics in resting state support its flexible functional segregation and integration during language and speech processing. Neuroimage 2023; 274:120132. [PMID: 37105337 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Modern linguistic theories and network science propose that language and speech processing are organized into hierarchical, segregated large-scale subnetworks, with a core of dorsal (phonological) stream and ventral (semantic) stream. The two streams are asymmetrically recruited in receptive and expressive language or speech tasks, which showed flexible functional segregation and integration. We hypothesized that the functional segregation of the two streams was supported by the underlying network segregation. A dynamic conditional correlation approach was employed to construct framewise time-varying language networks and k-means clustering was employed to investigate the temporal-reoccurring patterns. We found that the framewise language network dynamics in resting state were robustly clustered into four states, which dynamically reconfigured following a domain-separation manner. Spatially, the hub distributions of the first three states highly resembled the neurobiology of speech perception and lexical-phonological processing, speech production, and semantic processing, respectively. The fourth state was characterized by the weakest functional connectivity and was regarded as a baseline state. Temporally, the first three states appeared exclusively in limited time bins (∼15%), and most of the time (> 55%), state 4 was dominant. Machine learning-based dFC-linguistics prediction analyses showed that dFCs of the four states significantly predicted individual linguistic performance. These findings suggest a domain-separation manner of language network dynamics in resting state, which forms a dynamic "meta-network" framework to support flexible functional segregation and integration during language and speech processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binke Yuan
- Philosophy and Social Science Laboratory of Reading and Development in Children and Adolescents (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, China; Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Hui Xie
- Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhihao Wang
- CNRS - Centre d'Economie de la Sorbonne, Panthéon-Sorbonne University, France
| | - Yangwen Xu
- Center for Mind/Brain Sciences (CIMeC), University of Trento, Trento 38123, Italy
| | - Hanqing Zhang
- Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaxuan Liu
- Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lifeng Chen
- Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chaoqun Li
- Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiyao Tan
- Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zonghui Lin
- Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Hu
- Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianyi Gu
- Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junfeng Lu
- Glioma Surgery Division, Neurologic Surgery Department, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Brain Function Laboratory, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongqiang Liu
- Research Center of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China; Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Province, Dalian, PR China.
| | - Jinsong Wu
- Glioma Surgery Division, Neurologic Surgery Department, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Brain Function Laboratory, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
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22
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Chang WH, Wei KC, Chen PY, Chen YC, Wu YY, Tsai HC, Chen MH, Chao YP, Chen KT. The impact of patient factors and tumor characteristics on language neuroplasticity in left hemispheric diffuse gliomas prior to surgical resection. J Neurooncol 2023; 163:95-104. [PMID: 37093525 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-023-04311-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Language networks are reorganized during glioma growth, leading to varying language performance in patients with gliomas located in or around language-eloquent areas. Therefore, pre-treated language performance reflects the neuroplasticity potential. Different domains of language processing, such as speech expression, repetition, and comprehension, involving different neural networks. We analyzed the effects of patient factors and tumor characteristics on the pre-treated performance to investigate neuroplastic potential of different language domains. METHODS Patient age, sex, education level, tumor grade, language pathway involvement, T1 contrast enhanced (C+), and FLAIR (T2) volume were selected as variables. The correlation with abnormal language performance was verified using univariate and multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS In total, 104 left hemispheric glioma patients were enrolled in this study. 44% of patients had repetitive abnormalities, 34.9% had comprehensive abnormalities, and 32.1% had expressive abnormalities. The proportion of normal language performance was 60% in grade 2 and 3 gliomas and 16% in grade 4 gliomas. Tumor grade (p = 0.006) and T2 volume (p = 0.008) were associated with abnormal performance in the expressive domain, education level (p = 0.004) and T1 C+ volume (p = 0.049) in the repetitive domain, and education level (p = 0.013), T2 volume (p = 0.011), and tumor grade (p = 0.089) in the comprehensive domain. CONCLUSION Different clinical and radiological factors affected the abnormal performance of the three language domains, indicating their functional connectivity and neuroplastic potential are inherently varied. The dynamic interactions between patient factors, tumor characteristics, and language processing should be considered when resecting left hemispheric gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Han Chang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, New Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chen Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital, Chang Gung Medical Foundation, New Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Neuroscience Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Yuan Chen
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, New Taipei, Taiwan
- Neuroscience Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Chen
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Medical Center and College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Dementia Center, Taoyuan Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yah-Yuan Wu
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Medical Center and College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Dementia Center, Taoyuan Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Chieh Tsai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, No. 5, Fuxing Street, Guishan Dist., Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Hui Chen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ping Chao
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ko-Ting Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, No. 5, Fuxing Street, Guishan Dist., Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan.
- Neuroscience Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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23
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Shekari E, Nozari N. A narrative review of the anatomy and function of the white matter tracts in language production and comprehension. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1139292. [PMID: 37051488 PMCID: PMC10083342 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1139292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Much is known about the role of cortical areas in language processing. The shift towards network approaches in recent years has highlighted the importance of uncovering the role of white matter in connecting these areas. However, despite a large body of research, many of these tracts’ functions are not well-understood. We present a comprehensive review of the empirical evidence on the role of eight major tracts that are hypothesized to be involved in language processing (inferior longitudinal fasciculus, inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, uncinate fasciculus, extreme capsule, middle longitudinal fasciculus, superior longitudinal fasciculus, arcuate fasciculus, and frontal aslant tract). For each tract, we hypothesize its role based on the function of the cortical regions it connects. We then evaluate these hypotheses with data from three sources: studies in neurotypical individuals, neuropsychological data, and intraoperative stimulation studies. Finally, we summarize the conclusions supported by the data and highlight the areas needing further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Shekari
- Department of Neuroscience, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazbanou Nozari
- Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition (CNBC), Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- *Correspondence: Nazbanou Nozari
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24
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Cognitive issues in patients with IDH mutant gliomas: from neuroscience to clinical neuropsychology. J Neurooncol 2023; 162:525-533. [PMID: 36940053 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-023-04289-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The understanding of cognitive symptoms in patients with IDH-Mutant gliomas (IDH-Mut) is rapidly developing. In this article, we summarize the neuroscientific knowledge base regarding the influence of IDH-Mut tumors and their treatment on cognition and provide guidance regarding the management of these symptoms in patients. METHODS We performed a review of peer reviewed publications relevant to IDH-Mut glioma and cognitive outcomes and provide an overview of the literature as well as a case example to clarify management strategies. RESULTS At the time of presentation, patients with IDH-Mut gliomas have a favorable cognitive profile as compared with those with IDH-wild type (WT) tumors. The relatively low cognitive burden may reflect the slower growth rate of IDH-Mut tumors, which is less disruptive to both local and widespread neural networks. Human connectomic research using a variety of modalities has demonstrated relatively preserved network efficiency in patients with IDH-Mut gliomas as compared with IDH-WT tumors. Risk of cognitive decline from surgery can potentially be mitigated by careful integration of intra-operative mapping. Longer term cognitive risks of tumor treatment, including chemotherapy and radiation, are best managed by instituting neuropsychological assessment as part of the long-term care of patients with IDH-Mutant glioma. A specific timeline for such integrative care is provided. CONCLUSIONS Given the relative recency of the IDH-mutation based classification of gliomas, as well as the long time course of this disease, a thoughtful and comprehensive strategy to studying patient outcomes and devising methods of cognitive risk reduction is required.
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25
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Ntemou E, Svaldi C, Jonkers R, Picht T, Rofes A. Verb and sentence processing with TMS: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Cortex 2023; 162:38-55. [PMID: 36965338 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2023.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has provided relevant evidence regarding the neural correlates of language. The aim of the present study is to summarize and assess previous findings regarding linguistic levels (i.e., semantic and morpho-syntactic) and brain structures utilized during verb and sentence processing. To do that, we systematically reviewed TMS research on verb and sentence processing in healthy speakers, and meta-analyzed TMS-induced effects according to the region of stimulation and experimental manipulation. Findings from 45 articles show that approximately half of the reviewed work focuses on the embodiment of action verbs. The majority of studies (60%) target only one cortical region in relation to a specific linguistic process. Frontal areas are most frequently stimulated in connection to morphosyntactic processes and action verb semantics, and temporoparietal regions in relation to integration of sentential meaning and thematic role assignment. A meta-analysis of 72 effect sizes of the reviewed papers indicates that TMS has a small overall effect size, but effect sizes for anterior compared to posterior regions do not differ for semantic or morphosyntactic contrasts. Our findings stress the need to increase the number of targeted areas, while using the same linguistic contrasts in order to disentangle the contributions of different cortical regions to distinct linguistic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Effrosyni Ntemou
- International Doctorate for Experimental Approaches to Language and Brain (IDEALAB), University of Groningen (NL), University of Potsdam (DE), Newcastle University (UK), Macquarie University (AU), the Netherlands; Centre for Language and Cognition Groningen (CLCG), University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Neurosurgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Cheyenne Svaldi
- International Doctorate for Experimental Approaches to Language and Brain (IDEALAB), University of Groningen (NL), University of Potsdam (DE), Newcastle University (UK), Macquarie University (AU), the Netherlands; Centre for Language and Cognition Groningen (CLCG), University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Roel Jonkers
- Centre for Language and Cognition Groningen (CLCG), University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas Picht
- Department of Neurosurgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Cluster of Excellence: "Matters of Activity. Image Space Material", Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany
| | - Adrià Rofes
- Centre for Language and Cognition Groningen (CLCG), University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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26
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Seghier ML. Multiple functions of the angular gyrus at high temporal resolution. Brain Struct Funct 2023; 228:7-46. [PMID: 35674917 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-022-02512-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Here, the functions of the angular gyrus (AG) are evaluated in the light of current evidence from transcranial magnetic/electric stimulation (TMS/TES) and EEG/MEG studies. 65 TMS/TES and 52 EEG/MEG studies were examined in this review. TMS/TES literature points to a causal role in semantic processing, word and number processing, attention and visual search, self-guided movement, memory, and self-processing. EEG/MEG studies reported AG effects at latencies varying between 32 and 800 ms in a wide range of domains, with a high probability to detect an effect at 300-350 ms post-stimulus onset. A three-phase unifying model revolving around the process of sensemaking is then suggested: (1) early AG involvement in defining the current context, within the first 200 ms, with a bias toward the right hemisphere; (2) attention re-orientation and retrieval of relevant information within 200-500 ms; and (3) cross-modal integration at late latencies with a bias toward the left hemisphere. This sensemaking process can favour accuracy (e.g. for word and number processing) or plausibility (e.g. for comprehension and social cognition). Such functions of the AG depend on the status of other connected regions. The much-debated semantic role is also discussed as follows: (1) there is a strong TMS/TES evidence for a causal semantic role, (2) current EEG/MEG evidence is however weak, but (3) the existing arguments against a semantic role for the AG are not strong. Some outstanding questions for future research are proposed. This review recognizes that cracking the role(s) of the AG in cognition is possible only when its exact contributions within the default mode network are teased apart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed L Seghier
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, UAE. .,Healthcare Engineering Innovation Center (HEIC), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
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27
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Mofatteh M, Mashayekhi MS, Arfaie S, Chen Y, Mirza AB, Fares J, Bandyopadhyay S, Henich E, Liao X, Bernstein M. Augmented and virtual reality usage in awake craniotomy: a systematic review. Neurosurg Rev 2022; 46:19. [PMID: 36529827 PMCID: PMC9760592 DOI: 10.1007/s10143-022-01929-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Augmented and virtual reality (AR, VR) are becoming promising tools in neurosurgery. AR and VR can reduce challenges associated with conventional approaches via the simulation and mimicry of specific environments of choice for surgeons. Awake craniotomy (AC) enables the resection of lesions from eloquent brain areas while monitoring higher cortical and subcortical functions. Evidence suggests that both surgeons and patients benefit from the various applications of AR and VR in AC. This paper investigates the application of AR and VR in AC and assesses its prospective utility in neurosurgery. A systematic review of the literature was performed using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Our search results yielded 220 articles. A total of six articles consisting of 118 patients have been included in this review. VR was used in four papers, and the other two used AR. Tumour was the most common pathology in 108 patients, followed by vascular lesions in eight patients. VR was used for intraoperative mapping of language, vision, and social cognition, while AR was incorporated in preoperative training of white matter dissection and intraoperative visualisation and navigation. Overall, patients and surgeons were satisfied with the applications of AR and VR in their cases. AR and VR can be safely incorporated during AC to supplement, augment, or even replace conventional approaches in neurosurgery. Future investigations are required to assess the feasibility of AR and VR in various phases of AC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mofatteh
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.
| | | | - Saman Arfaie
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Yimin Chen
- Department of Neurology, Foshan Sanshui District People's Hospital, Foshan, China
| | | | - Jawad Fares
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine, Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Soham Bandyopadhyay
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, Oxford University Global Surgery Group, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Clinical Neurosciences, Clinical & Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire, UK
- Wessex Neurological Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Edy Henich
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Xuxing Liao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Foshan Sanshui District People's Hospital, Foshan, China
| | - Mark Bernstein
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Temmy Latner Center for Palliative Care, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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28
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Comprehensive qualitative characterization of linguistic performance profiles in primary progressive aphasia: a multivariate study with FDG-PET. Neurobiol Aging 2022; 120:137-148. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2022.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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29
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Unraveling the functional attributes of the language connectome: crucial subnetworks, flexibility and variability. Neuroimage 2022; 263:119672. [PMID: 36209795 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Language processing is a highly integrative function, intertwining linguistic operations (processing the language code intentionally used for communication) and extra-linguistic processes (e.g., attention monitoring, predictive inference, long-term memory). This synergetic cognitive architecture requires a distributed and specialized neural substrate. Brain systems have mainly been examined at rest. However, task-related functional connectivity provides additional and valuable information about how information is processed when various cognitive states are involved. We gathered thirteen language fMRI tasks in a unique database of one hundred and fifty neurotypical adults (InLang [Interactive networks of Language] database), providing the opportunity to assess language features across a wide range of linguistic processes. Using this database, we applied network theory as a computational tool to model the task-related functional connectome of language (LANG atlas). The organization of this data-driven neurocognitive atlas of language was examined at multiple levels, uncovering its major components (or crucial subnetworks), and its anatomical and functional correlates. In addition, we estimated its reconfiguration as a function of linguistic demand (flexibility) or several factors such as age or gender (variability). We observed that several discrete networks could be specifically shaped to promote key functional features of language: coding-decoding (Net1), control-executive (Net2), abstract-knowledge (Net3), and sensorimotor (Net4) functions. The architecture of these systems and the functional connectivity of the pivotal brain regions varied according to the nature of the linguistic process, gender, or age. By accounting for the multifaceted nature of language and modulating factors, this study can contribute to enriching and refining existing neurocognitive models of language. The LANG atlas can also be considered a reference for comparative or clinical studies involving various patients and conditions.
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30
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Billot A, Thiebaut de Schotten M, Parrish TB, Thompson CK, Rapp B, Caplan D, Kiran S. Structural disconnections associated with language impairments in chronic post-stroke aphasia using disconnectome maps. Cortex 2022; 155:90-106. [PMID: 35985126 PMCID: PMC9623824 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2022.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Inconsistent findings have been reported about the impact of structural disconnections on language function in post-stroke aphasia. This study investigated patterns of structural disconnections associated with chronic language impairments using disconnectome maps. Seventy-six individuals with post-stroke aphasia underwent a battery of language assessments and a structural MRI scan. Support-vector regression disconnectome-symptom mapping analyses were performed to examine the correlations between disconnectome maps, representing the probability of disconnection at each white matter voxel and different language scores. To further understand whether significant disconnections were primarily representing focal damage or a more extended network of seemingly preserved but disconnected areas beyond the lesion site, results were qualitatively compared to support-vector regression lesion-symptom mapping analyses. Part of the left white matter perisylvian network was similarly disconnected in 90% of the individuals with aphasia. Surrounding this common left perisylvian disconnectome, specific structural disconnections in the left fronto-temporo-parietal network were significantly associated with aphasia severity and with lower performance in auditory comprehension, syntactic comprehension, syntactic production, repetition and naming tasks. Auditory comprehension, repetition and syntactic processing deficits were related to disconnections in areas that overlapped with and extended beyond lesion sites significant in SVR-LSM analyses. In contrast, overall language abilities as measured by aphasia severity and naming seemed to be mostly explained by focal damage at the level of the insular and central opercular cortices, given the high overlap between SVR-DSM and SVR-LSM results for these scores. While focal damage seems to be sufficient to explain broad measures of language performance, the structural disconnections between language areas provide additional information on the neural basis of specific and persistent language impairments at the chronic stage beyond lesion volume. Leveraging routinely available clinical data, disconnectome mapping furthers our understanding of anatomical connectivity constraints that may limit the recovery of some language abilities in chronic post-stroke aphasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Billot
- Sargent College of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA; School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Michel Thiebaut de Schotten
- Brain Connectivity and Behaviour Laboratory, Sorbonne Universities, Paris, France; Groupe d'Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives-UMR 5293, CNRS, CEA University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Todd B Parrish
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Cynthia K Thompson
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Brenda Rapp
- Department of Cognitive Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - David Caplan
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Swathi Kiran
- Sargent College of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
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31
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Natalizi F, Piras F, Vecchio D, Spalletta G, Piras F. Preoperative Navigated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation: New Insight for Brain Tumor-Related Language Mapping. J Pers Med 2022; 12:1589. [PMID: 36294728 PMCID: PMC9604795 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12101589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Preoperative brain mapping methods are particularly important in modern neuro-oncology when a tumor affects eloquent language areas since damage to parts of the language circuits can cause significant impairments in daily life. This narrative review examines the literature regarding preoperative and intraoperative language mapping using repetitive navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rnTMS) with or without direct electrical stimulation (DES) in adult patients with tumors in eloquent language areas. The literature shows that rnTMS is accurate in detecting preexisting language disorders and positive intraoperative mapping regions. In terms of the region extent and clinical outcomes, rnTMS has been shown to be accurate in identifying positive sites to guide resection, reducing surgery duration and craniotomy size and thus improving clinical outcomes. Before incorporating rnTMS into the neurosurgical workflow, the refinement of protocols and a consensus within the neuro-oncology community are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Natalizi
- Laboratory of Neurophychiatry, IRCSS Santa Lucia Fundation, Via Ardeatina 306, 00134 Rome, Italy
- Department of Psychology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Via dei Marsi 78, 00185 Rome, Italy
- PhD Program in Behavioral Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Piras
- Laboratory of Neurophychiatry, IRCSS Santa Lucia Fundation, Via Ardeatina 306, 00134 Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Vecchio
- Laboratory of Neurophychiatry, IRCSS Santa Lucia Fundation, Via Ardeatina 306, 00134 Rome, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Spalletta
- Laboratory of Neurophychiatry, IRCSS Santa Lucia Fundation, Via Ardeatina 306, 00134 Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Piras
- Laboratory of Neurophychiatry, IRCSS Santa Lucia Fundation, Via Ardeatina 306, 00134 Rome, Italy
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32
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Leveraging manifold learning techniques to explore white matter anomalies: An application of the TractLearn pipeline in epilepsy. Neuroimage Clin 2022; 36:103209. [PMID: 36162235 PMCID: PMC9668609 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2022.103209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
An accurate description of brain white matter anatomy in vivo remains a challenge. However, technical progress allows us to analyze structural variations in an increasingly sophisticated way. Current methods of processing diffusion MRI data now make it possible to correct some limiting biases. In addition, the development of statistical learning algorithms offers the opportunity to analyze the data from a new perspective. We applied newly developed tractography models to extract quantitative white matter parameters in a group of patients with chronic temporal lobe epilepsy. Furthermore, we implemented a statistical learning workflow optimized for the MRI diffusion data - the TractLearn pipeline - to model inter-individual variability and predict structural changes in patients. Finally, we interpreted white matter abnormalities in the context of several other parameters reflecting clinical status, as well as neuronal and cognitive functioning for these patients. Overall, we show the relevance of such a diffusion data processing pipeline for the evaluation of clinical populations. The "global to fine scale" funnel statistical approach proposed in this study also contributes to the understanding of neuroplasticity mechanisms involved in refractory epilepsy, thus enriching previous findings.
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Lipkin B, Tuckute G, Affourtit J, Small H, Mineroff Z, Kean H, Jouravlev O, Rakocevic L, Pritchett B, Siegelman M, Hoeflin C, Pongos A, Blank IA, Struhl MK, Ivanova A, Shannon S, Sathe A, Hoffmann M, Nieto-Castañón A, Fedorenko E. Probabilistic atlas for the language network based on precision fMRI data from >800 individuals. Sci Data 2022; 9:529. [PMID: 36038572 PMCID: PMC9424256 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-022-01645-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Two analytic traditions characterize fMRI language research. One relies on averaging activations across individuals. This approach has limitations: because of inter-individual variability in the locations of language areas, any given voxel/vertex in a common brain space is part of the language network in some individuals but in others, may belong to a distinct network. An alternative approach relies on identifying language areas in each individual using a functional 'localizer'. Because of its greater sensitivity, functional resolution, and interpretability, functional localization is gaining popularity, but it is not always feasible, and cannot be applied retroactively to past studies. To bridge these disjoint approaches, we created a probabilistic functional atlas using fMRI data for an extensively validated language localizer in 806 individuals. This atlas enables estimating the probability that any given location in a common space belongs to the language network, and thus can help interpret group-level activation peaks and lesion locations, or select voxels/electrodes for analysis. More meaningful comparisons of findings across studies should increase robustness and replicability in language research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Lipkin
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Greta Tuckute
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Josef Affourtit
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Hannah Small
- Department of Cognitive Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zachary Mineroff
- Human-computer Interaction Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Hope Kean
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Olessia Jouravlev
- Department of Cognitive Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Lara Rakocevic
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Brianna Pritchett
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Caitlyn Hoeflin
- Harris School of Public Policy, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Alvincé Pongos
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Idan A Blank
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Melissa Kline Struhl
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Anna Ivanova
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Steven Shannon
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Aalok Sathe
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Malte Hoffmann
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Alfonso Nieto-Castañón
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Evelina Fedorenko
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Speech, Hearing, Bioscience, and Technology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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Zhou Y, Zhao Z, Zhang J, Hameed NUF, Zhu F, Feng R, Zhang X, Lu J, Wu J. Electrical stimulation-induced speech-related negative motor responses in the lateral frontal cortex. J Neurosurg 2022; 137:496-504. [PMID: 34952509 DOI: 10.3171/2021.9.jns211069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Speech arrest is a common but crucial negative motor response (NMR) recorded during intraoperative brain mapping. However, recent studies have reported nonspeech-specific NMR sites in the ventral precentral gyrus (vPrCG), where stimulation halts both speech and ongoing hand movement. The aim of this study was to investigate the spatial relationship between speech-specific NMR sites and nonspeech-specific NMR sites in the lateral frontal cortex. METHODS In this prospective cohort study, an intraoperative mapping strategy was designed to identify positive motor response (PMR) sites and NMR sites in 33 consecutive patients undergoing awake craniotomy for the treatment of left-sided gliomas. Patients were asked to count, flex their hands, and simultaneously perform these two tasks to map NMRs. Each site was plotted onto a standard atlas and further analyzed. The speech and hand motor arrest sites in the supplementary motor area of 2 patients were resected. The 1- and 3-month postoperative language and motor functions of all patients were assessed. RESULTS A total of 91 PMR sites and 72 NMR sites were identified. NMR and PMR sites were anteroinferiorly and posterosuperiorly distributed in the precentral gyrus, respectively. Three distinct NMR sites were identified: 24 pure speech arrest (speech-specific NMR) sites (33.33%), 7 pure hand motor arrest sites (9.72%), and 41 speech and hand motor arrest (nonspeech-specific NMR) sites (56.94%). Nonspeech-specific NMR sites and speech-specific NMR sites were dorsoventrally distributed in the vPrCG. For language function, 1 of 2 patients in the NMA resection group had language dysfunction at the 1-month follow-up but had recovered by the 3-month follow-up. All patients in the NMA resection group had fine motor dysfunction at the 1- and 3-month follow-ups. CONCLUSIONS The study results demonstrated a functional segmentation of speech-related NMRs in the lateral frontal cortex and that most of the stimulation-induced speech arrest sites are not specific to speech. A better understanding of the spatial distribution of speech-related NMR sites will be helpful in surgical planning and intraoperative mapping and provide in-depth insight into the motor control of speech production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyao Zhou
- 1Neurologic Surgery Department, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University
- 2Brain Function Laboratory, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University
| | - Zehao Zhao
- 1Neurologic Surgery Department, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University
- 2Brain Function Laboratory, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University
| | - Jie Zhang
- 1Neurologic Surgery Department, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University
- 2Brain Function Laboratory, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University
| | - N U Farrukh Hameed
- 1Neurologic Surgery Department, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University
- 2Brain Function Laboratory, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University
| | - Fengping Zhu
- 1Neurologic Surgery Department, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University
| | - Rui Feng
- 1Neurologic Surgery Department, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University
| | - Xiaoluo Zhang
- 1Neurologic Surgery Department, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University
| | - Junfeng Lu
- 1Neurologic Surgery Department, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University
- 2Brain Function Laboratory, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University
- 3Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinsong Wu
- 1Neurologic Surgery Department, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University
- 2Brain Function Laboratory, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University
- 3Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
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Jarret J, Ferré P, Chedid G, Bedetti C, Bore A, Joanette Y, Rouleau I, Maria Brambati S. Functional network and structural connections involved in picture naming. BRAIN AND LANGUAGE 2022; 231:105146. [PMID: 35709592 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2022.105146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We mapped the left hemisphere cortical regions and fiber bundles involved in picture naming in adults by integrating task-based fMRI with dMRI tractography. We showed that a ventral pathway that "maps image and sound to meaning" involves the middle occipital, inferior temporal, superior temporal, inferior frontal gyri, and the temporal pole where a signal exchange is made possible by the inferior fronto-occipital, inferior longitudinal, middle longitudinal, uncinate fasciculi, and the extreme capsule. A dorsal pathway that "maps sound to speech" implicates the inferior temporal, superior temporal, inferior frontal, precentral gyri, and the supplementary motor area where the arcuate fasciculus and the frontal aslant ensure intercommunication. This study provides a neurocognitive model of picture naming and supports the hypothesis that the ventral indirect route passes through the temporal pole. This further supports the idea that the inferior and superior temporal gyri may play pivotal roles within the dual-stream framework of language.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Jarret
- Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Perrine Ferré
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Georges Chedid
- Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Christophe Bedetti
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Arnaud Bore
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Yves Joanette
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Isabelle Rouleau
- Département de psychologie, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQÀM), QC, Canada
| | - Simona Maria Brambati
- Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, QC, Canada.
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Wu D, Zhang M, Geng J, Chen X. Noninvasive Prediction of Language Lateralization Through Arcuate Fasciculus Tractography in Patients With Low-Grade Gliomas: Correlation With The Wada Test. Front Oncol 2022; 12:936228. [PMID: 35936675 PMCID: PMC9354698 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.936228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Language lateralization is unique to humans, so clarifying dominant side is helpful for removing gliomas involving language areas. This study investigated the arcuate fasciculus (AF) reconstructed by diffusion tensor imaging–based tractography (DTT) in predicting language lateralization in patients with low-grade gliomas. Wada test was performed to determine the language Dominant Hemisphere (DH) and the Contralateral Hemisphere. DTI data [1.5-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)] was used to reconstruct AF by two independent operators using a DTT method. Fiber number, volume, and fractional anisotropy (FA) of bilateral reconstructed AF were measured. Lateralization indexes (LIs), including Number Index (NI), Volume Index (VI), and FA Index (FI), were accordingly calculated by mean values. A total of 21 patients with WHO Grade II gliomas in the left hemisphere were included. Every patient received a successful Wada test and reconstruction of bilateral AF. DTT metrics of reconstructed AF, such as fiber number, volume, and FA, showed significantly asymmetric between hemispheres. All the LI (NI, VI, and FI) values were statistically higher in the DH determined by the Wada test. No discrepancy was found between the prediction using the cutoff values of DTT metrics and the results of WADA test. The Kappa values were 0.829, 0.696, and 0.611, indicating NI and VI as more reliable predictor than FI although FI itself may also be feasible. Compared with the Wada test, we consider that DTT of AF is a non-invasive, simple, relatively accurate, and feasible method in predicting language lateralization in patients with low-grade gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Southern Theater of Chinese Navy, Sanya, China
| | - Jiefeng Geng
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaolei Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaolei Chen,
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Chawla P, Misra BK, Udani V, Desai N, Gupta S. Correlation of Preoperative Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) with Intraoperative Cortical Stimulation in Surgeries of Eloquent Brain Lesions. Neurol India 2022; 70:1534-1539. [PMID: 36076655 DOI: 10.4103/0028-3886.355146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background Direct Cortical Stimulation (DCS) represents the gold standard for mapping of eloquent brain cortex. However, DCS is an invasive and time-consuming procedure. fMRI has become a useful tool to delineate motor and sensory eloquent cortex from the areas of planned neurosurgical resection. In our study, we will be studying the reliability of preoperative imaging when compared with the intraoperative DCS. Objectives The aim of this study was to assess the reliability of fMRI by comparing it with DCS. Methods and Materials Thirty patients with eloquent cortex lesions were admitted. Preoperative fMRI sequences were loaded into a neuro-navigational system. Intraoperative motor mapping was done by DCS. The location of all cortical stimulated points was correlated with the cortical functional structures. Based on it, specificity, sensitivity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value of fMRI was calculated. Preoperative and postoperative Karnofsky score and MRC grading was then noted. Results Concordance between fMRI and DCS was noted in 26 cases. Overall mean sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value of fMRI as compared to DCS was 95%, 92.48%, 85.56%, and 96.08%, respectively. Preoperative and Postoperative Karnofsky score stayed same in most of the cases [25/30]. Conclusions DCS remains the gold standard for mapping eloquent cortex in-spite of its invasiveness, side effects such as seizures and cost concerns. Although fMRI cannot replace DCS, it can guide and increase the efficacy in resection, select high-risk patients for intraoperative monitoring, help in preoperative stratification of risk counseling and preservation of neurological status in eloquent brain lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawan Chawla
- Department of Neurosurgery and Gamma Knife Radiosurgery, P. D. Hinduja Hospital and Medical Research Centre, V. S. Marg, Mahim, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Basant K Misra
- Department of Neurosurgery and Gamma Knife Radiosurgery, P. D. Hinduja Hospital and Medical Research Centre, V. S. Marg, Mahim, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vrajesh Udani
- Department of Neurology, P. D. Hinduja Hospital and Medical Research Centre, V. S. Marg, Mahim, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Neelu Desai
- Department of Neurology, P. D. Hinduja Hospital and Medical Research Centre, V. S. Marg, Mahim, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Santosh Gupta
- Department of Imaging, P. D. Hinduja Hospital and Medical Research Centre, V. S. Marg, Mahim, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Tian N, Liang L, Luo X, Hu R, Long W, Song R. More than just statics: Altered complexity of dynamic amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations in the resting brain after stroke. J Neural Eng 2022; 19. [PMID: 35594839 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ac71ce] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous neuroimaging studies mainly focused on static characteristics of brain activity, and little is known about its characteristics over time, especially in post-stroke (PS) patients. In this study, we aimed to investigate the static and dynamic characteristics of brain activity after stroke using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). APPROACH Twenty ischemic PS patients and nineteen healthy controls (HCs) were recruited to receive a resting-state fMRI scanning. The static amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (sALFF) and fuzzy entropy of dynamic ALFF (FE-dALFF) were applied to identify the stroke-induced alterations. MAIN RESULTS Compared with the HCs, PS patients showed significantly increased FE-dALFF values in the right angular gyrus (ANG), bilateral precuneus (PCUN), and right inferior parietal lobule (IPL) as well as significantly decreased FE-dALFF values in the right postcentral gyrus (PoCG), right dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus (SFGdor), and right precentral gyrus (PreCG). The ROC analyses demonstrated that FE-dALFF and sALFF possess comparable sensitivity in distinguishing PS patients from the HCs. Moreover, a significantly positive correlation was observed between the FE-dALFF values and the Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) scores in the right SFGdor (r =0.547), right IPL (r =0.522), and right PCUN (r =0.486). SIGNIFICANCE This study provided insight into the stroke-induced alterations in static and dynamic characteristics of local brain activity, highlighting the potential of FE-dALFF in understanding neurophysiological mechanisms and evaluating pathological changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Tian
- Sun Yat-Sen University, Higher Mega Education Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, CHINA
| | - Liuke Liang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Higher Mega Education Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, CHINA
| | - Xuemao Luo
- Department of Radiology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, Guangdong, CN, Jiangmen, Guangdong, 529030, CHINA
| | - Rongliang Hu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, Guangdong, CN, Jiangmen, Guangdong, 529030, CHINA
| | - Wansheng Long
- Department of Radiology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, Guangdong, CN, Jiangmen, Guangdong, 529030, CHINA
| | - Rong Song
- Biomedical Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Higher Mega Education Center, Guangzhou, 510006, CHINA
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Binding LP, Dasgupta D, Giampiccolo D, Duncan JS, Vos SB. Structure and function of language networks in temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsia 2022; 63:1025-1040. [PMID: 35184291 PMCID: PMC9773900 DOI: 10.1111/epi.17204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Individuals with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) may have significant language deficits. Language capabilities may further decline following temporal lobe resections. The language network, comprising dispersed gray matter regions interconnected with white matter fibers, may be atypical in individuals with TLE. This review explores the structural changes to the language network and the functional reorganization of language abilities in TLE. We discuss the importance of detailed reporting of patient's characteristics, such as, left- and right-sided focal epilepsies as well as lesional and nonlesional pathological subtypes. These factors can affect the healthy functioning of gray and/or white matter. Dysfunction of white matter and displacement of gray matter function could concurrently impact their ability, in turn, producing an interactive effect on typical language organization and function. Surgical intervention can result in impairment of function if the resection includes parts of this structure-function network that are critical to language. In addition, impairment may occur if language function has been reorganized and is included in a resection. Conversely, resection of an epileptogenic zone may be associated with recovery of cortical function and thus improvement in language function. We explore the abnormality of functional regions in a clinically applicable framework and highlight the differences in the underlying language network. Avoidance of language decline following surgical intervention may depend on tailored resections to avoid critical areas of gray matter and their white matter connections. Further work is required to elucidate the plasticity of the language network in TLE and to identify sub-types of language representation, both of which will be useful in planning surgery to spare language function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence P. Binding
- Department of Computer ScienceCentre for Medical Image ComputingUniversity College LondonLondonUK
- Department of Clinical and Experimental EpilepsyUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Debayan Dasgupta
- Department of Clinical and Experimental EpilepsyUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyUniversity College LondonLondonUK
- Victor Horsley Department of NeurosurgeryNational Hospital for Neurology and NeurosurgeryLondonUK
| | - Davide Giampiccolo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental EpilepsyUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyUniversity College LondonLondonUK
- Victor Horsley Department of NeurosurgeryNational Hospital for Neurology and NeurosurgeryLondonUK
- Institute of NeuroscienceCleveland Clinic LondonLondonUK
- Department of NeurosurgeryVerona University HospitalUniversity of VeronaVeronaItaly
| | - John S. Duncan
- Department of Clinical and Experimental EpilepsyUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Sjoerd B. Vos
- Department of Computer ScienceCentre for Medical Image ComputingUniversity College LondonLondonUK
- Neuroradiological Academic UnitUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyUniversity College LondonLondonUK
- Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation, and AnalysisThe University of Western AustraliaNedlandsWestern AustraliaAustralia
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Zhong AJ, Baldo JV, Dronkers NF, Ivanova MV. The unique role of the frontal aslant tract in speech and language processing. Neuroimage Clin 2022; 34:103020. [PMID: 35526498 PMCID: PMC9095886 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2022.103020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The frontal aslant tract (FAT) is a recently described intralobar tract that connects the superior and inferior frontal gyri. The FAT has been implicated in various speech and language processes and disorders, including motor speech impairments, stuttering disorders, opercular syndrome, and verbal fluency, but the specific function(s) of the FAT have yet to be elucidated. In the current study, we aimed to address this knowledge gap by investigating the underlying role that the FAT plays in motor aspects of speech and language abilities in post-stroke aphasia. Our goals were three-fold: 1) To identify which specific motor speech or language abilities are impacted by FAT damage by utilizing a powerful imaging analysis method, High Angular Resolution Diffusion Imaging (HARDI) tractography; 2) To determine whether damage to the FAT is associated with functional deficits on a range of motor speech and language tasks even when accounting for cortical damage to adjacent cortical regions; and 3) To explore whether subsections of the FAT (lateral and medial segments) play distinct roles in motor speech performance. We hypothesized that damage to the FAT would be most strongly associated with motor speech performance in comparison to language tasks. We analyzed HARDI data from thirty-three people with aphasia (PWA) with a history of chronic left hemisphere stroke. FAT metrics were related to scores on several speech and language tests: the Motor Speech Evaluation (MSE), the Western Aphasia Battery (WAB) aphasia quotient and subtests, and the Boston Naming Test (BNT). Our results indicated that the integrity of the FAT was strongly associated with the MSE as predicted, and weakly negatively associated with WAB subtest scores including Naming, Comprehension, and Repetition, likely reflecting the fact that performance on these WAB subtests is associated with damage to posterior areas of the brain that are unlikely to be damaged with a frontal lesion. We also performed hierarchical stepwise regressions to predict language function based on FAT properties and lesion load to surrounding cortical areas. After accounting for the contributions of the inferior frontal gyrus, the ventral precentral gyrus, and the superior precentral gyrus of the insula, the FAT still remained a significant predictor of MSE apraxia scores. Our results further showed that the medial and lateral subsections of the FAT did not appear to play distinct roles but rather may indicate normal anatomical variations of the FAT. Overall, current results indicate that the FAT plays a specific and unique role in motor speech. These results further our understanding of the role that white matter tracts play in speech and language.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison J Zhong
- School of Medicine, New York Medical College, 40 Sunshine Cottage Road, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA; Center for Language, Imaging, Mind & Brain, VA Northern California Healthcare System, Martinez, CA, USA
| | - Juliana V Baldo
- Center for Language, Imaging, Mind & Brain, VA Northern California Healthcare System, Martinez, CA, USA
| | - Nina F Dronkers
- Aphasia Recovery Lab, Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA; Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Maria V Ivanova
- Center for Language, Imaging, Mind & Brain, VA Northern California Healthcare System, Martinez, CA, USA; Aphasia Recovery Lab, Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
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Murphy E, Woolnough O, Rollo PS, Roccaforte ZJ, Segaert K, Hagoort P, Tandon N. Minimal Phrase Composition Revealed by Intracranial Recordings. J Neurosci 2022; 42:3216-3227. [PMID: 35232761 PMCID: PMC8994536 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1575-21.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to comprehend phrases is an essential integrative property of the brain. Here, we evaluate the neural processes that enable the transition from single-word processing to a minimal compositional scheme. Previous research has reported conflicting timing effects of composition, and disagreement persists with respect to inferior frontal and posterior temporal contributions. To address these issues, 19 patients (10 male, 9 female) implanted with penetrating depth or surface subdural intracranial electrodes, heard auditory recordings of adjective-noun, pseudoword-noun, and adjective-pseudoword phrases and judged whether the phrase matched a picture. Stimulus-dependent alterations in broadband gamma activity, low-frequency power, and phase-locking values across the language-dominant left hemisphere were derived. This revealed a mosaic located on the lower bank of the posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS), in which closely neighboring cortical sites displayed exclusive sensitivity to either lexicality or phrase structure, but not both. Distinct timings were found for effects of phrase composition (210-300 ms) and pseudoword processing (∼300-700 ms), and these were localized to neighboring electrodes in pSTS. The pars triangularis and temporal pole encoded anticipation of composition in broadband low frequencies, and both regions exhibited greater functional connectivity with pSTS during phrase composition. Our results suggest that the pSTS is a highly specialized region composed of sparsely interwoven heterogeneous constituents that encodes both lower and higher level linguistic features. This hub in pSTS for minimal phrase processing may form the neural basis for the human-specific computational capacity for forming hierarchically organized linguistic structures.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Linguists have claimed that the integration of multiple words into a phrase demands a computational procedure distinct from single-word processing. Here, we provide intracranial recordings from a large patient cohort, with high spatiotemporal resolution, to track the cortical dynamics of phrase composition. Epileptic patients volunteered to participate in a task in which they listened to phrases (red boat), word-pseudoword or pseudoword-word pairs (e.g., red fulg). At the onset of the second word in phrases, greater broadband high gamma activity was found in posterior superior temporal sulcus in electrodes that exclusively indexed phrasal meaning and not lexical meaning. These results provide direct, high-resolution signatures of minimal phrase composition in humans, a potentially species-specific computational capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliot Murphy
- Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030
- Texas Institute for Restorative Neurotechnologies, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Oscar Woolnough
- Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030
- Texas Institute for Restorative Neurotechnologies, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Patrick S Rollo
- Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030
- Texas Institute for Restorative Neurotechnologies, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Zachary J Roccaforte
- Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Katrien Segaert
- School of Psychology and Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
- Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, 6525 XD Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Hagoort
- Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, 6525 XD Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, 6525 HR Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Nitin Tandon
- Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030
- Texas Institute for Restorative Neurotechnologies, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030
- Memorial Hermann Hospital, Texas Medical Center, Houston, Texas 77030
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42
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Yuan B, Zhang N, Gong F, Wang X, Yan J, Lu J, Wu J. Longitudinal assessment of network reorganizations and language recovery in postoperative patients with glioma. Brain Commun 2022; 4:fcac046. [PMID: 35415604 PMCID: PMC8994117 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcac046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
For patients with glioma located in or adjacent to the linguistic eloquent cortex, awake surgery with an emphasis on the preservation of language function is preferred. However, the brain network basis of postoperative linguistic functional outcomes remains largely unknown. In this work, 34 patients with left cerebral gliomas who underwent awake surgery were assessed for language function and resting-state network properties before and after surgery. We found that there were 28 patients whose language function returned to at least 80% of the baseline scores within 3 months after surgery or to 85% within 6 months after surgery. For these patients, the spontaneous recovery of language function synchronized with changes within the language and cognitive control networks, but not with other networks. Specifically, compared with baseline values, language functions and global network properties were the worst within 1 month after surgery and gradually recovered within 6 months after surgery. The recovery of connections was tumour location dependent and was attributed to both ipsihemispheric and interhemispheric connections. In contrast, for six patients whose language function did not recover well, severe network disruptions were observed before surgery and persisted into the chronic phase. This study suggests the synchronization of functional network normalization and spontaneous language recovery in postoperative patients with glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binke Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
- Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Glioma Surgery Division, Neurologic Surgery Department, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangyuan Gong
- Glioma Surgery Division, Neurologic Surgery Department, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xindi Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Imaging and Connectomics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Yan
- Department of MRI, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Junfeng Lu
- Glioma Surgery Division, Neurologic Surgery Department, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Brain Function Laboratory, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinsong Wu
- Glioma Surgery Division, Neurologic Surgery Department, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Brain Function Laboratory, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
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43
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Sefcikova V, Sporrer JK, Juvekar P, Golby A, Samandouras G. Converting sounds to meaning with ventral semantic language networks: integration of interdisciplinary data on brain connectivity, direct electrical stimulation and clinical disconnection syndromes. Brain Struct Funct 2022; 227:1545-1564. [PMID: 35267079 PMCID: PMC9098557 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-021-02438-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Numerous traditional linguistic theories propose that semantic language pathways convert sounds to meaningful concepts, generating interpretations ranging from simple object descriptions to communicating complex, analytical thinking. Although the dual-stream model of Hickok and Poeppel is widely employed, proposing a dorsal stream, mapping speech sounds to articulatory/phonological networks, and a ventral stream, mapping speech sounds to semantic representations, other language models have been proposed. Indeed, despite seemingly congruent models of semantic language pathways, research outputs from varied specialisms contain only partially congruent data, secondary to the diversity of applied disciplines, ranging from fibre dissection, tract tracing, and functional neuroimaging to neuropsychiatry, stroke neurology, and intraoperative direct electrical stimulation. The current review presents a comprehensive, interdisciplinary synthesis of the ventral, semantic connectivity pathways consisting of the uncinate, middle longitudinal, inferior longitudinal, and inferior fronto-occipital fasciculi, with special reference to areas of controversies or consensus. This is achieved by describing, for each tract, historical concept evolution, terminations, lateralisation, and segmentation models. Clinical implications are presented in three forms: (a) functional considerations derived from normal subject investigations, (b) outputs of direct electrical stimulation during awake brain surgery, and (c) results of disconnection syndromes following disease-related lesioning. The current review unifies interpretation of related specialisms and serves as a framework/thinking model for additional research on language data acquisition and integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoria Sefcikova
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Juliana K Sporrer
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Parikshit Juvekar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alexandra Golby
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - George Samandouras
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK.,Victor Horsley Department of Neurosurgery, The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
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44
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Giampiccolo D, Duffau H. Controversy over the temporal cortical terminations of the left arcuate fasciculus: a reappraisal. Brain 2022; 145:1242-1256. [PMID: 35142842 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awac057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The arcuate fasciculus has been considered a major dorsal fronto-temporal white matter pathway linking frontal language production regions with auditory perception in the superior temporal gyrus, the so-called Wernicke's area. In line with this tradition, both historical and contemporary models of language function have assigned primacy to superior temporal projections of the arcuate fasciculus. However, classical anatomical descriptions and emerging behavioural data are at odds with this assumption. On one hand, fronto-temporal projections to Wernicke's area may not be unique to the arcuate fasciculus. On the other hand, dorsal stream language deficits have been reported also for damage to middle, inferior and basal temporal gyri which may be linked to arcuate disconnection. These findings point to a reappraisal of arcuate projections in the temporal lobe. Here, we review anatomical and functional evidence regarding the temporal cortical terminations of the left arcuate fasciculus by incorporating dissection and tractography findings with stimulation data using cortico-cortical evoked potentials and direct electrical stimulation mapping in awake patients. Firstly, we discuss the fibers of the arcuate fasciculus projecting to the superior temporal gyrus and the functional rostro-caudal gradient in this region where both phonological encoding and auditory-motor transformation may be performed. Caudal regions within the temporoparietal junction may be involved in articulation and associated with temporoparietal projections of the third branch of the superior longitudinal fasciculus, while more rostral regions may support encoding of acoustic phonetic features, supported by arcuate fibres. We then move to examine clinical data showing that multimodal phonological encoding is facilitated by projections of the arcuate fasciculus to superior, but also middle, inferior and basal temporal regions. Hence, we discuss how projections of the arcuate fasciculus may contribute to acoustic (middle-posterior superior and middle temporal gyri), visual (posterior inferior temporal/fusiform gyri comprising the visual word form area) and lexical (anterior-middle inferior temporal/fusiform gyri in the basal temporal language area) information in the temporal lobe to be processed, encoded and translated into a dorsal phonological route to the frontal lobe. Finally, we point out surgical implications for this model in terms of the prediction and avoidance of neurological deficit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Giampiccolo
- Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University Hospital, Verona, Italy.,Institute of Neuroscience, Cleveland Clinic London, Grosvenor Place, London, UK.,Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK.,Victor Horsley Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - Hugues Duffau
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, Montpellier, France.,Team "Neuroplasticity, Stem Cells and Low-grade Gliomas," INSERM U1191, Institute of Genomics of Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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45
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Tanglay O, Young IM, Dadario NB, Taylor HM, Nicholas PJ, Doyen S, Sughrue ME. Eigenvector PageRank difference as a measure to reveal topological characteristics of the brain connectome for neurosurgery. J Neurooncol 2022; 157:49-61. [PMID: 35119590 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-021-03935-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Applying graph theory to the human brain has the potential to help prognosticate the impacts of intracerebral surgery. Eigenvector (EC) and PageRank (PR) centrality are two related, but uniquely different measures of nodal centrality which may be utilized together to reveal varying neuroanatomical characteristics of the brain connectome. METHODS We obtained diffusion neuroimaging data from a healthy cohort (UCLA consortium for neuropsychiatric phenomics) and applied a personalized parcellation scheme to them. We ranked parcels based on weighted EC and PR, and then calculated the difference (EP difference) and correlation between the two metrics. We also compared the difference between the two metrics to the clustering coefficient. RESULTS While EC and PR were consistent for top and bottom ranking parcels, they differed for mid-ranking parcels. Parcels with a high EC centrality but low PR tended to be in the medial temporal and temporooccipital regions, whereas PR conferred greater importance to multi-modal association areas in the frontal, parietal and insular cortices. The EP difference showed a weak correlation with clustering coefficient, though there was significant individual variation. CONCLUSIONS The relationship between PageRank and eigenvector centrality can identify distinct topological characteristics of the brain connectome such as the presence of unimodal or multimodal association cortices. These results highlight how different graph theory metrics can be used alone or in combination to reveal unique neuroanatomical features for further clinical study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onur Tanglay
- Omniscient Neurotechnology, Sydney, Australia.,Centre for Minimally Invasive Neurosurgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia
| | | | - Nicholas B Dadario
- Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | | | | | | | - Michael E Sughrue
- Omniscient Neurotechnology, Sydney, Australia. .,Centre for Minimally Invasive Neurosurgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia.
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46
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Duffau H. Awake Surgery for Left Posterior Insular Low-Grade Glioma Through the Parietorolandic Operculum: The Need to Preserve the Functional Connectivity. A Case Series. Front Surg 2022; 8:824003. [PMID: 35096960 PMCID: PMC8792505 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2021.824003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Surgical approach to low-grade glioma (LGG) involving the posterior insula is challenging, especially in the left hemisphere, with a high risk of sensorimotor, language, or visual deterioration. In this study, a case series of 5 right-handed patients harboring a left posterior insular LGG is reported, by detailing a transcorticosubcortical approach.Method: The five surgeries were achieved in awake patients using cortical and axonal electrostimulation mapping. The glioma was removed through the left rolandic and/or parietal opercula, with preservation of the subcortical connectivity.Results: The cortical mapping was positive in the five patients, enabling the selection of an optimal transcortical approach, via the anterolateral supramarginal gyrus in four patients and/or via the lateral retrocentral gyrus in three cases (plus through the left superior temporal gyrus in one case). Moreover, the white matter tracts were identified in all cases, i.e., the lateral part of the superior longitudinal fasciculus (five cases), the arcuate fasciculus (four cases), the thalamocortical somatosensory pathways (four cases), the motor pathway (one case), the semantic pathway (three cases), and the optic tract (one case). Complete resection of the LGG was achieved in two patients and near-total resection in three patients. There were no postoperative permanent sensorimotor, language, or visual deficits.Conclusion: A transcortical approach through the parietorolandic operculum in awake patients represents safe and effective access to the left posterior insular LGG. Detection and preservation of the functional connectivity using direct electrostimulation of the white matter bundles are needed in this cross-road brain region to prevent otherwise predictable postsurgical impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugues Duffau
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, Montpellier, France
- Team “Plasticity of Central Nervous System, Stem Cells and Glial Tumors, ” National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM), U1191 Laboratory, Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- *Correspondence: Hugues Duffau
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47
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Itaguchi Y, Castro-Chavira SA, Waterloo K, Johnsen SH, Rodríguez-Aranda C. Evaluation of Error Production in Animal Fluency and Its Relationship to Frontal Tracts in Normal Aging and Mild Alzheimer's Disease: A Combined LDA and Time-Course Analysis Investigation. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 13:710938. [PMID: 35095462 PMCID: PMC8790484 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.710938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Semantic verbal fluency (VF), assessed by animal category, is a task widely used for early detection of dementia. A feature not regularly assessed is the occurrence of errors such as perseverations and intrusions. So far, no investigation has analyzed the how and when of error occurrence during semantic VF in aging populations, together with their possible neural correlates. The present study aims to address the issue using a combined methodology based on latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) analysis for word classification together with a time-course analysis identifying exact time of errors' occurrence. LDA is a modeling technique that discloses hidden semantic structures based on a given corpus of documents. We evaluated a sample of 66 participants divided into a healthy young group (n = 24), healthy older adult group (n = 23), and group of patients with mild Alzheimer's disease (AD) (n = 19). We performed DTI analyses to evaluate the white matter integrity of three frontal tracts purportedly underlying error commission: anterior thalamic radiation, frontal aslant tract, and uncinate fasciculus. Contrasts of DTI metrics were performed on the older groups who were further classified into high-error rate and low-error rate subgroups. Results demonstrated a unique deployment of error commission in the patient group characterized by high incidence of intrusions in the first 15 s and higher rate of perseverations toward the end of the trial. Healthy groups predominantly showed very low incidence of perseverations. The DTI analyses revealed that the patients with AD committing high-error rate presented significantly more degenerated frontal tracts in the left hemisphere. Thus, our findings demonstrated that the appearance of intrusions, together with left hemisphere degeneration of frontal tracts, is a pathognomic trait of mild AD. Furthermore, our data suggest that the error commission of patients with AD arises from executive and working memory impairments related partly to deteriorated left frontal tracts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Knut Waterloo
- Department of Psychology, UiT The Artic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Stein Harald Johnsen
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Brain and Circulation Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Artic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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Panikratova Y, Vlasova R, Lebedeva I, Sinitsyn V, Pechenkova E. Scope and Perspectives of Neuroimaging and Neurostimulation to Develop the Theory of Systemic and Dynamic Localization of Higher Mental Functions. CULTURAL-HISTORICAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.17759/chp.2022180310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The theory of systemic and dynamic localization of higher mental functions by Lev Vygotsky and Alexander Luria was based on the data obtained via an original method, syndrome analysis of deficits of higher mental functions in patients with local brain injury. When this theory was being constructed, technical methods for brain investigation were only in their early stages. Although in later years Luria and his disciples pointed out that such methods were prominent for further development of Soviet/Russian neuropsychology, they are still rarely used by the followers of these scientists. In this article, we focus on neuroimaging and neurostimulation methods that are both noninvasive and the most accessible in Russia: structural, diffusion-weighted, and functional magnetic resonance imaging, as well as transcranial magnetic stimulation. We discuss their scope and perspectives for addressing research questions in neuropsychology and describe possible designs for neuropsychological studies in patients with local brain injury and healthy individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - V.E. Sinitsyn
- Lomonosov Moscow State University Medical Research and Educational Center
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49
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Giampiccolo D, Nunes S, Cattaneo L, Sala F. Functional Approaches to the Surgery of Brain Gliomas. Adv Tech Stand Neurosurg 2022; 45:35-96. [PMID: 35976447 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-99166-1_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In the surgery of gliomas, recent years have witnessed unprecedented theoretical and technical development, which extensively increased indication to surgery. On one hand, it has been solidly demonstrated the impact of gross total resection on life expectancy. On the other hand, the paradigm shift from classical cortical localization of brain function towards connectomics caused by the resurgence of awake surgery and the advent of tractography has permitted safer surgeries focused on subcortical white matter tracts preservation and allowed for surgical resections within regions, such as Broca's area or the primary motor cortex, which were previously deemed inoperable. Furthermore, new asleep electrophysiological techniques have been developed whenever awake surgery is not an option, such as operating in situations of poor compliance (including paediatric patients) or pre-existing neurological deficits. One such strategy is the use of intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM), enabling the identification and preservation of functionally defined, but anatomically ambiguous, cortico-subcortical structures through mapping and monitoring techniques. These advances tie in with novel challenges, specifically risk prediction and the impact of neuroplasticity, the indication for tumour resection beyond visible borders, or supratotal resection, and most of all, a reappraisal of the importance of the right hemisphere from early psychosurgery to mapping and preservation of social behaviour, executive control, and decision making.Here we review current advances and future perspectives in a functional approach to glioma surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Giampiccolo
- Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University Hospital, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
- Victor Horsley Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK
- Institute of Neurosciences, Cleveland Clinic London, London, UK
| | - Sonia Nunes
- Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University Hospital, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Luigi Cattaneo
- Center for Mind and Brain Sciences (CIMeC) and Center for Medical Sciences (CISMed), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Francesco Sala
- Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University Hospital, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
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50
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Missing links: The functional unification of language and memory (L∪M). Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 133:104489. [PMID: 34929226 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The field of neurocognition is currently undergoing a significant change of perspective. Traditional neurocognitive models evolved into an integrative and dynamic vision of cognitive functioning. Dynamic integration assumes an interaction between cognitive domains traditionally considered to be distinct. Language and declarative memory are regarded as separate functions supported by different neural systems. However, they also share anatomical structures (notably, the inferior frontal gyrus, the supplementary motor area, the superior and middle temporal gyrus, and the hippocampal complex) and cognitive processes (such as semantic and working memory) that merge to endorse our quintessential daily lives. We propose a new model, "L∪M" (i.e., Language/union/Memory), that considers these two functions interactively. We fractionated language and declarative memory into three fundamental dimensions or systems ("Receiver-Transmitter", "Controller-Manager" and "Transformer-Associative" Systems), that communicate reciprocally. We formalized their interactions at the brain level with a connectivity-based approach. This new taxonomy overcomes the modular view of cognitive functioning and reconciles functional specialization with plasticity in neurological disorders.
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