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Kumar S, Møller AH, Ilmjärv T, Dalsgaard TK. Stability of R-phycoerythrin from Furcellaria lumbricalis - Dependence on purification strategies and purity. Food Res Int 2024; 190:114595. [PMID: 38945610 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
R-phycoerythrin (R-PE) is the most abundant, naturally occurring phycobiliproteins found in red algae. The spectroscopic and structural properties of phycobiliproteins exhibit unique absorption characteristics with two significant absorption maxima at 498 and 565 nm, indicating two different chromophores of R-PE, phycourobilin and phycoerythrobilin respectively. This study aimed to clarify how the stability of R-PE purified from F. lumbricalis was affected by different purification strategies. Crude extracts were compared to R-PE purified by i) microfiltration, ii) ultrafiltration, and iii) multi-step ammonium sulphate precipitation followed by dialysis. The stability of the different R-PE preparations was evaluated with respect to pH (2, 4, 6, 7, 8, 10 and 12) and temperature (20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 °C). The absorbance spectra indicated higher stability of phycourobilin as compared to phycoerythrobilin for heat and pH stability in the samples. All preparations of R-PE showed heat stability till 40 °C from the findings of color, concentration of R-PE and fluorescence emission. The crude extract showed stability from pH 6 to 8, whereas R-PE purified by ultrafiltration and multi-step ammonium sulphate precipitation were both stable from pH 4 to 8 and R-PE purified by microfiltration exhibited stability from pH 4 to 10 from the results of color, SDS-PAGE, and concentration of R-PE. At pH 2, the color changed to violet whereas a yellow color was observed at pH 12 in the samples along with the precipitation of the protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sruthi Kumar
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark; CBIO, Aarhus University Centre for Circular Bioeconomy, 8830 Tjele, Denmark.
| | - Anders Hauer Møller
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark; CBIO, Aarhus University Centre for Circular Bioeconomy, 8830 Tjele, Denmark; CiFOOD, Aarhus University Centre for Innovative Food Research, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Tanel Ilmjärv
- Vetik OÜ, Lahe Farm, Muratsi Village, Saaremaa Parish, 93859 Saare County, Estonia.
| | - Trine K Dalsgaard
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark; CBIO, Aarhus University Centre for Circular Bioeconomy, 8830 Tjele, Denmark; CiFOOD, Aarhus University Centre for Innovative Food Research, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
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2
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Minić S, Gligorijević N, Veličković L, Nikolić M. Narrative Review of the Current and Future Perspectives of Phycobiliproteins' Applications in the Food Industry: From Natural Colors to Alternative Proteins. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7187. [PMID: 39000294 PMCID: PMC11241428 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Vivid-colored phycobiliproteins (PBPs) have emerging potential as food colors and alternative proteins in the food industry. However, enhancing their application potential requires increasing stability, cost-effective purification processes, and consumer acceptance. This narrative review aimed to highlight information regarding the critical aspects of PBP research that is needed to improve their food industry potential, such as stability, food fortification, development of new PBP-based food products, and cost-effective production. The main results of the literature review show that polysaccharide and protein-based encapsulations significantly improve PBPs' stability. Additionally, while many studies have investigated the ability of PBPs to enhance the techno-functional properties, like viscosity, emulsifying and stabilizing activity, texture, rheology, etc., of widely used food products, highly concentrated PBP food products are still rare. Therefore, much effort should be invested in improving the stability, yield, and sensory characteristics of the PBP-fortified food due to the resulting unpleasant sensory characteristics. Considering that most studies focus on the C-phycocyanin from Spirulina, future studies should concentrate on less explored PBPs from red macroalgae due to their much higher production potential, a critical factor for positioning PBPs as alternative proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simeon Minić
- Department of Biochemistry and Center of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nikola Gligorijević
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Technology, and Metallurgy, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Luka Veličković
- Department of Biochemistry and Center of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milan Nikolić
- Department of Biochemistry and Center of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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3
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Nowruzi B, Ahmadi M, Bouaïcha N, Khajerahimi AE, Anvar SAA. Studying the impact of phycoerythrin on antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of the fresh rainbow trout fillets. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2470. [PMID: 38291237 PMCID: PMC10827737 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52985-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Marine cyanobacteria present a significant potential source of new bioactive compounds with vast structural diversity and relevant antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Phycobiliproteins (PBPs) like phycocyanin (PC), phycoerythrin (PE), and water-soluble cyanobacterial photosynthetic pigments, have exhibited strong pharmacological activities and been used as natural food additives. In this study, phycoerythrin (PE) isolated from a marine strain of cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. Ft salt, was applied for the first time as a natural antimicrobial as well as an antioxidant to increase the shelf life of fresh rainbow trout i.e., (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fillets. Fresh trout fillets were marinated in analytical grade PE (3.9 μg/mL) prepared in citric acid (4 mg/mL), and stored at 4 °C and 8 °C for 21 days. Microbiological analysis, antioxidant activity and organoleptic evaluation of both control and treated fish fillets were then statistically compared. The results demonstrated noticeable (P < 0.05) differences in the microbial counts, antioxidant activity, and organoleptic characteristic values between PE-treated and non-treated groups. In addition, we observed that treating fresh fish fillets with a PE solution leads to a significant increase in shelf life by at least 14 days. Consequently, PE could be an alternative to synthetic chemical additives since it does not contain the potentially dangerous residues of the synthetic chemical additives and is thus healthier to the consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahareh Nowruzi
- Department of Biotechnology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Ahmadi
- Department of Food Hygiene, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Noureddine Bouaïcha
- Laboratory Ecology, Systematic and Evolution, UMR 8079, Universite Paris-Sud, CNRS, AgroParisTech, University Paris-Saclay, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Amir Eghbal Khajerahimi
- Department of Aquatic animal health and disease, science and research branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Amir Ali Anvar
- Department of Food Hygiene, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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4
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Pink D, Basu A, Wong M, Pham D, Valencia J, Triana V, Beatty PH, Rieger AM, Lewis JD. Antibody titrations are critical for microflow cytometric analysis of extracellular vesicles. Cytometry A 2023; 103:670-683. [PMID: 37314191 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.24733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Optimization of flow cytometry assays for extracellular vesicles (EVs) often fail to include appropriate reagent titrations - the most critically antibody titration is either not performed or is incomplete. Using nonoptimal antibody concentration is one of the main sources of error leading to a lack of reproducible data. Antibody titration for the analysis of antigens on the surface of EVs is challenging for a variety of technical reasons. Using platelets as surrogates for cells and platelet-derived particles as surrogates for EV populations, we demonstrate our process for antibody titration, highlighting some of the key analysis parameters that may confound and surprise new researchers moving into the field of EV research. Additional care must be exercised to ensure instrument and reagent controls are utilized appropriately. Complete graphical analysis of positive and negative signal intensities, concentration, and separation or stain index data is highly beneficial when paired with visual analysis of the cytometry data. Using analytical flow cytometry procedures optimized for cells for EV analysis can lead to misleading and nonreproducible results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michael Wong
- Nanostics, Inc., Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Diana Pham
- Nanostics, Inc., Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Aja M Rieger
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - John D Lewis
- Nanostics, Inc., Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Le Strat Y, Mandin M, Ruiz N, Robiou du Pont T, Ragueneau E, Barnett A, Déléris P, Dumay J. Quantification of Xylanolytic and Cellulolytic Activities of Fungal Strains Isolated from Palmaria palmata to Enhance R-Phycoerythrin Extraction of Palmaria palmata: From Seaweed to Seaweed. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:393. [PMID: 37504924 PMCID: PMC10381405 DOI: 10.3390/md21070393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
R-phycoerythrin (R-PE) can be enzymatically extracted from red seaweeds such as Palmaria palmata. This pigment has numerous applications and is notably known as an antioxidant, antitumoral or anti-inflammatory agent. Enzymes secreted by P. palmata associated fungal strains were assumed to be efficient and adapted for R-PE extraction from this macroalga. The aim of the present study was to quantify both xylanolytic and cellulolytic activities of enzymatic extracts obtained from six Palmaria palmata derived fungal strains. Degradation of P. palmata biomass by fungal enzymatic extracts was also investigated, focused on soluble protein and R-PE extraction. Enzymatic extracts were obtained by solid state fermentation. Macroalgal degradation abilities were evaluated by measuring reducing sugar release using DNS assays. Soluble proteins and R-PE recovery yields were evaluated through bicinchoninic acid and spectrophotometric assays, respectively. Various enzymatic activities were obtained according to fungal isolates up to 978 U/mL for xylanase and 50 U/mL for cellulase. Enzymatic extract allowed high degrading abilities, with four of the six fungal strains assessed exhibiting at least equal results as the commercial enzymes for the reducing sugar release. Similarly, all six strains allowed the same soluble protein extraction yield and four of them led to an improvement of R-PE extraction. R-PE extraction from P. palamata using marine fungal enzymes appeared particularly promising. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first on the use of enzymes of P. palmata associated fungi in the degradation of its own biomass for biomolecules recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoran Le Strat
- Nantes Université, Institut des Substances et Organismes de la Mer, ISOMer, UR 2160, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Margaux Mandin
- Nantes Université, Institut des Substances et Organismes de la Mer, ISOMer, UR 2160, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Nicolas Ruiz
- Nantes Université, Institut des Substances et Organismes de la Mer, ISOMer, UR 2160, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Thibaut Robiou du Pont
- Nantes Université, Institut des Substances et Organismes de la Mer, ISOMer, UR 2160, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Emilie Ragueneau
- Nantes Université, Institut des Substances et Organismes de la Mer, ISOMer, UR 2160, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Alexandre Barnett
- Nantes Université, Institut des Substances et Organismes de la Mer, ISOMer, UR 2160, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Paul Déléris
- Nantes Université, Institut des Substances et Organismes de la Mer, ISOMer, UR 2160, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Justine Dumay
- Nantes Université, Institut des Substances et Organismes de la Mer, ISOMer, UR 2160, F-44000 Nantes, France
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Le Guillard C, Bergé JP, Donnay-Moreno C, Cornet J, Ragon JY, Fleurence J, Dumay J. Optimization of R-Phycoerythrin Extraction by Ultrasound-Assisted Enzymatic Hydrolysis: A Comprehensive Study on the Wet Seaweed Grateloupia turuturu. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21040213. [PMID: 37103353 PMCID: PMC10146196 DOI: 10.3390/md21040213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE) and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) are both recognized as sustainable processes, but little has been done on the combined process known as ultrasound-assisted enzymatic hydrolysis (UAEH), and even less on seaweed. The present study aimed to optimize the UAEH of the red seaweed Grateloupia turuturu for the extraction of R-phycoerythrin (R-PE) directly from the wet biomass by applying a response surface methodology based on a central composite design. Three parameters were studied: the power of ultrasound, the temperature and the flow rate in the experimental system. Data analysis demonstrated that only the temperature had a significant and negative effect on the R-PE extraction yield. Under the optimized conditions, the R-PE kinetic yield reached a plateau between 90 and 210 min, with a yield of 4.28 ± 0.09 mg·g−1 dry weight (dw) at 180 min, corresponding to a yield 2.3 times higher than with the conventional phosphate buffer extraction on freeze-dried G. turuturu. Furthermore, the increased release of R-PE, carbohydrates, carbon and nitrogen can be associated with the degradation of G. turuturu constitutive polysaccharides, as their average molecular weights had been divided by 2.2 in 210 min. Our results thus demonstrated that an optimized UAEH is an efficient method to extract R-PE from wet G. turuturu without the need for expensive pre-treatment steps found in the conventional extraction. UAEH represents a promising and sustainable approach that should be investigated on biomasses where the recovery of added-value compounds needs to be improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Le Guillard
- IFREMER Centre Ifremer Atlantique, EM3B, BP 21105, CEDEX 03, 44311 Nantes, France
- Institut des Substances et Organismes de la Mer, ISOMER, Nantes Université, UR 2160, 44000 Nantes, France
- Correspondence: or (C.L.G.); (J.D.)
| | | | - Claire Donnay-Moreno
- IFREMER Centre Ifremer Atlantique, EM3B, BP 21105, CEDEX 03, 44311 Nantes, France
| | - Josiane Cornet
- IFREMER Centre Ifremer Atlantique, EM3B, BP 21105, CEDEX 03, 44311 Nantes, France
| | - Jean-Yves Ragon
- IFREMER Centre Ifremer Atlantique, EM3B, BP 21105, CEDEX 03, 44311 Nantes, France
| | - Joël Fleurence
- Institut des Substances et Organismes de la Mer, ISOMER, Nantes Université, UR 2160, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - Justine Dumay
- Institut des Substances et Organismes de la Mer, ISOMER, Nantes Université, UR 2160, 44000 Nantes, France
- Correspondence: or (C.L.G.); (J.D.)
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7
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A Review on a Hidden Gem: Phycoerythrin from Blue-Green Algae. Mar Drugs 2022; 21:md21010028. [PMID: 36662201 PMCID: PMC9863059 DOI: 10.3390/md21010028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Phycoerythrin (PE) is a pink/red-colored pigment found in rhodophytes, cryptophytes, and blue-green algae (cyanobacteria). The interest in PE is emerging from its role in delivering health benefits. Unfortunately, the current cyanobacterial-PE (C-PE) knowledge is still in the infant stage. It is essential to acquire a more comprehensive understanding of C-PE. This study aimed to review the C-PE structure, up and downstream processes of C-PE, application of C-PE, and strategies to enhance its stability and market value. In addition, this study also presented a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis on C-PE. Cyanobacteria appeared to be the more promising PE producers compared to rhodophytes, cryptophytes, and macroalgae. Green/blue light is preferred to accumulate higher PE content in cyanobacteria. Currently, the prominent C-PE extraction method is repeated freezing-thawing. A combination of precipitation and chromatography approaches is proposed to obtain greater purity of C-PE. C-PE has been widely exploited in various fields, such as nutraceuticals, pharmaceuticals, therapeutics, cosmetics, biotechnology, food, and feed, owing to its bioactivities and fluorescent properties. This review provides insight into the state-of-art nature of C-PE and advances a step further in commercializing this prospective pigment.
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8
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Fang Y, Malik M, England SK, Imoukhuede PI. Absolute Quantification of Plasma Membrane Receptors Via Quantitative Flow Cytometry. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2475:61-77. [PMID: 35451749 PMCID: PMC9261967 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2217-9_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Plasma membrane receptors are transmembrane proteins that initiate cellular response following the binding of specific ligands (e.g., growth factors, hormones, and cytokines). The abundance of plasma membrane receptors can be a diagnostic or prognostic biomarker in many human diseases. One of the best techniques for measuring plasma membrane receptors is quantitative flow cytometry (qFlow). qFlow employs fluorophore-conjugated antibodies against the receptors of interest and corresponding fluorophore-loaded calibration beads offers standardized and reproducible measurements of plasma membrane receptors. More importantly, qFlow can achieve absolute quantification of plasma membrane receptors when phycoerythrin (PE) is the fluorophore of choice. Here we describe a detailed qFlow protocol to obtain absolute receptor quantities on the basis of PE calibration. This protocol is foundational for many previous and ongoing studies in quantifying tyrosine kinase receptors and G-protein-coupled receptors with in vitro cell models and ex vivo cell samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingye Fang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- University of Washington, Department of Bioengineering, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Manasi Malik
- Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sarah K England
- Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - P I Imoukhuede
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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Sathuvan M, Thangam R, Venkateshbabu G, Cheong KL, Kang H, Liu Y. Single-step purified R-phycoerythrin transmits cellular imaging functionalities in vitro. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 194:563-570. [PMID: 34813785 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.11.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A single-step and rapid chromatographic method-based purification of Gracilaria corticata (J. Agardh) R-phycoerythrin (R-PE) was attained using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) technique without affecting structural integrity. The purified R-PE had a characteristic UV-Vis spectrum with three absorbance maxima at 496, 535, and 565 nm, and fluorescence at 575 nm. R-PE was obtained with a purity index of 4.2 and a recovery yield of 44.3%. SDS-PAGE analysis exhibited three sub-units i.e., 18, 21, and 31 kDa, which corresponds to α, β, and γ, respectively. This report's purification process was considered less time-consuming and could be efficiently applied to purify phycobiliproteins. The purified R-PE showed optimal stability up to 6 h at pH 7.0 when exposed to light (3000 lx), while the temperature at which the maximum stability was retained was at 20 °C. The cellular imaging property of R-PE was effectively implemented to evaluate its credentials without affecting the cell proliferation of Vero and Hep-2 cell lines with the higher IC50 concentrations in vitro. Under fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry analysis, purified R-PE displayed the characteristic affinity towards cell imaging functions in preliminary in vitro studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malairaj Sathuvan
- Department of Biology & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Sciences, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, PR China
| | - Ramar Thangam
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Gopal Venkateshbabu
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Botany, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai-600 025, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kit-Leong Cheong
- Department of Biology & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Sciences, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, PR China
| | - Heemin Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Biology & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Sciences, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, PR China.
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Simovic A, Combet S, Cirkovic Velickovic T, Nikolic M, Minic S. Probing the stability of the food colourant R-phycoerythrin from dried Nori flakes. Food Chem 2021; 374:131780. [PMID: 34894468 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to characterise the stability of R-phycoerythrin (R-PE), a vivid natural colourant with emerging potential for application in the food industry. High-quality (A560/A280 ≥ 5), native (α-helix content 75%) R-PE was purified from commercial dried Nori (Porphyra sp.) flakes. Thermal unfolding revealed two transitions (at 56 and 72 °C), ascribed to different protein subunits. Contrary to elevated temperature, high-pressure (HP) treatment showed significant advantages: The R-PE unfolding was partly reversible and the colour bleaching was minimal. Binding of Cu2+ (6.3 × 105 M-1) and Zn2+ (1.7 × 103 M-1) influenced conformational changes in the protein tetrapyrrole chromophore without affecting R-PE structure and stability (colour). The results give new insights into the stability of R-PE suggesting its usefulness for the replacement of toxic synthetic dyes. Preservation of the red colour of R-PE could be considered in fortified food and beverages by HP processing. R-PE may act as a biosensor for Cu2+ in aquatic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Simovic
- Centre of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences & Department of Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Chemistry, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sophie Combet
- Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire Léon-Brillouin, UMR12 CEA-CNRS, CEA-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette CEDEX, France
| | - Tanja Cirkovic Velickovic
- Centre of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences & Department of Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Chemistry, Belgrade, Serbia; Ghent University Global Campus, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, South Korea; Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milan Nikolic
- Centre of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences & Department of Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Chemistry, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Simeon Minic
- Centre of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences & Department of Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Chemistry, Belgrade, Serbia; Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire Léon-Brillouin, UMR12 CEA-CNRS, CEA-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette CEDEX, France.
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Patel AS, Lakshmibalasubramaniam S, Nayak B, Tripp C, Kar A, Sappati PK. Improved stability of phycobiliprotein within liposome stabilized by polyethylene glycol adsorbed cellulose nanocrystals. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 163:209-218. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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12
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Ghosh T, Mishra S. A natural cyanobacterial protein C-phycoerythrin as an HS - selective optical probe in aqueous systems. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 239:118469. [PMID: 32450537 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A naturally fluorescent cyanobacterial protein C-phycoerythrin (CPE) was investigated as a fluorescent probe for biologically and environmentally important hydrosulphide (HS-) ion. It was selective for HS amongst a large anion screen and the optical response was rapid. Sequential UV-visible titration showed considerable peak shift and attenuation with increasing [HS-] while fluorescence titration proved that HS- quenched CPE fluorescence in a concentration dependent manner. The linear response range was 0-2 mM HS- while the Stern Volmer curve was non-linear and the limit of detection was 185.12 μM. Except bicarbonate and glycine, no anion or biomolecule interfered with the detection even at 10 times the concentration of HS-. It was also free of influences from other sulphur forms like sulphite, sulphate and thiosulphate. CPE reliably detected HS- in freshwater and effluent samples, though some under- and over - estimation was evident. The % recovery ranged from ~96 to 105% (RSD ~ 0.035-0.188%). FTIR analysis showed significant changes in the amide I and II regions of CPE, along with minor modifications in the amide III region as well, showing that HS- was able to influence the protein secondary structure at higher concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonmoy Ghosh
- Applied Phycology and Biotechnology Division, CSIR - Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Gijubhai Badheka Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sandhya Mishra
- Applied Phycology and Biotechnology Division, CSIR - Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Gijubhai Badheka Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Pereira T, Barroso S, Mendes S, Gil MM. Stability, kinetics, and application study of phycobiliprotein pigments extracted from red algae Gracilaria gracilis. J Food Sci 2020; 85:3400-3405. [PMID: 32885442 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Phycobiliprotein (PBP) pigments were extracted from red algae Gracilaria gracilis through maceration in phosphate buffer using previously optimized conditions. The stability of PBPs in the extracts was assessed by monitoring the extracts at different pHs and temperatures for 10 days. Since phycoerythrin (PE) is the main PBP present in G. gracilis, PE content was spectroscopically determined and used as a response factor. Kinetic modeling was used to describe PE degradation under different ranges of T and pH. The pigment extracts presented higher stability at pH 6.9 and -20 °C. PE was semipurified by precipitation with ammonium sulphate 65% followed by dialysis against water until a purity index of 0.7. The pigment was successfully applied as colorant in pancakes and yogurts with a pigment concentration of 0.15%. This study highlights the potential of PE pigments extracted from G. gracilis for applications in food products. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Phycobiliprotein pigments were extracted from red algae Gracilaria gracilis through maceration in phosphate buffer. The stability of the pigment was evaluated at different pHs and temperatures, presenting higher stability at neutral pH and low temperatures. The pigment was successfully applied as colorant in pancakes and yogurts with a low pigment concentration. This study highlights the potential of phycobiliprotein pigments extracted from G. gracilis for applications in food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Pereira
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, Cetemares, Peniche, 2520-620, Portugal
| | - Sónia Barroso
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, Cetemares, Peniche, 2520-620, Portugal
| | - Susana Mendes
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, Cetemares, Peniche, 2520-620, Portugal
| | - Maria M Gil
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, Cetemares, Peniche, 2520-620, Portugal
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Leney AC, Tschanz A, Heck AJR. Connecting color with assembly in the fluorescent B‐phycoerythrin protein complex. FEBS J 2017; 285:178-187. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.14331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aneika C. Leney
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Netherlands Proteomics Centre Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Aline Tschanz
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Netherlands Proteomics Centre Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Albert J. R. Heck
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Netherlands Proteomics Centre Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands
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Kopp M, Rotan O, Papadopoulos C, Schulze N, Meyer H, Epple M. Delivery of the autofluorescent protein R-phycoerythrin by calcium phosphate nanoparticles into four different eukaryotic cell lines (HeLa, HEK293T, MG-63, MC3T3): Highly efficient, but leading to endolysosomal proteolysis in HeLa and MC3T3 cells. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178260. [PMID: 28586345 PMCID: PMC5460861 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles can be used as carriers to transport biomolecules like proteins and synthetic molecules across the cell membrane because many molecules are not able to cross the cell membrane on their own. The uptake of nanoparticles together with their cargo typically occurs via endocytosis, raising concerns about the possible degradation of the cargo in the endolysosomal system. As the tracking of a dye-labelled protein during cellular uptake and processing is not indicative of the presence of the protein itself but only for the fluorescent label, a label-free tracking was performed with the red-fluorescing model protein R-phycoerythrin (R-PE). Four different eukaryotic cell lines were investigated: HeLa, HEK293T, MG-63, and MC3T3. Alone, the protein was not taken up by any cell line; only with the help of calcium phosphate nanoparticles, an efficient uptake occurred. After the uptake into HeLa cells, the protein was found in early endosomes (shown by the marker EEA1) and lysosomes (shown by the marker Lamp1). There, it was still intact and functional (i.e. properly folded) as its red fluorescence was detected. However, a few hours after the uptake, proteolysis started as indicated by the decreasing red fluorescence intensity in the case of HeLa and MC3T3 cells. 12 h after the uptake, the protein was almost completely degraded in HeLa cells and MC3T3 cells. In HEK293T cells and MG-63 cells, no degradation of the protein was observed. In the presence of Bafilomycin A1, an inhibitor of acidification and protein degradation in lysosomes, the fluorescence of R-PE remained intact over the whole observation period in the four cell lines. These results indicate that despite an efficient nanoparticle-mediated uptake of proteins by cells, a rapid endolysosomal degradation may prevent the desired (e.g. therapeutic) effect of a protein inside a cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathis Kopp
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Olga Rotan
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Nina Schulze
- Imaging Centre Campus Essen (ICCE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Hemmo Meyer
- Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Matthias Epple
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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Preparation, characterization of food grade phycobiliproteins from Porphyra haitanensis and the application in liposome-meat system. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2016.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Structural and functional dynamics of tyrosine amino acid in phycocyanin of hot-spring cyanobacteria: A possible pathway for internal energy transfer. GENE REPORTS 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2016.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Anwer K, Rahman S, Sonani RR, Khan FI, Islam A, Madamwar D, Ahmad F, Hassan MI. Probing pH sensitivity of αC-phycoerythrin and its natural truncant: A comparative study. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 86:18-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 01/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Rastogi RP, Sonani RR, Madamwar D. Physico-chemical factors affecting the in vitro stability of phycobiliproteins from Phormidium rubidum A09DM. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 190:219-26. [PMID: 25958145 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.04.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2015] [Revised: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The functionality and stability of phycobiliproteins (PBPs) phycoerythrin (PE), phycocyanin (PC) and allophycocyanin (APC) were investigated under various temperatures, pHs and oxidative stressors. All PBPs were thermostable up to 4-40°C; however, their concentration decreased rapidly at 60-80°C. The maximum stability of all PBPs was in the pH range 6.0-7.0. Decrease in PBPs content was found under high acidic (pH 2-4) and alkaline conditions (pH 8-12). The oxidizing agent (0.1-0.6%) showed the least effect on the stability of PBPs; however, 0.8-1.0% H2O2 caused significant loss of PBPs. Contrary to PE, PC and APC was more susceptible to an oxidizing agent. The chromophore associated with α- and β-subunit of PBPs and thus, their functionality (fluorescence) was severely affected under high temperature (60-80°C), and oxidizing agent, as well as low (2-4) and high (8-12) pH. Contrary to PC and APC, functionality of PE was surprisingly maintained even at pHs 6-12 and under oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Prasad Rastogi
- BRD School of Biosciences, Vadtal Road, Satellite Campus, Post Box No. 39, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar 388 120, Anand, Gujarat, India.
| | - Ravi Raghav Sonani
- BRD School of Biosciences, Vadtal Road, Satellite Campus, Post Box No. 39, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar 388 120, Anand, Gujarat, India.
| | - Datta Madamwar
- BRD School of Biosciences, Vadtal Road, Satellite Campus, Post Box No. 39, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar 388 120, Anand, Gujarat, India.
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Separation of native allophycocyanin and R-phycocyanin from marine red macroalga Polysiphonia urceolata by the polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis performed in novel buffer systems. PLoS One 2014; 9:e106369. [PMID: 25166028 PMCID: PMC4148431 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Three buffer systems of Imidazole-Acetic acid, HEPES-Imidazole/Bis-tris and Bis-tris-HEPES-MES were designed based on the principle of discontinuous polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) for the native PAGE which could be performed in pH 7.0 and 6.5 in order to analyze and prepare the minor components of allophycocyanin (AP) and R-phycocyanin (R-PC) from marine red macroalga Polysiphonia urceolata. These AP and R-PC phycobiliproteins are easily denatured in alkaline environments. The obtained results demonstrated that the PAGE modes performed in the buffer systems of HEPES-Imidazole/Bis-tris and Bis-tris-HEPES-MES gave the satisfactory resolution and separation of AP and R-PC proteins. The absorption and fluorescence spectra of the AP and R-PC proteins which were prepared by the established PAGE modes proved that they maintained natural spectroscopic characteristics. The established PAGE modes may also provide useful references and selections for some other proteins that are sensitive to alkaline environments or are not effectively separated by the classical PAGE modes performed normally in alkaline buffer systems.
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Munier M, Jubeau S, Wijaya A, Morançais M, Dumay J, Marchal L, Jaouen P, Fleurence J. Physicochemical factors affecting the stability of two pigments: R-phycoerythrin of Grateloupia turuturu and B-phycoerythrin of Porphyridium cruentum. Food Chem 2014; 150:400-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.10.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2013] [Revised: 09/26/2013] [Accepted: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Pina A, Costa A, Lage-Yusty M, López-Hernández J. An evaluation of edible red seaweed (Chondrus crispus) components and their modification during the cooking process. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2013.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Anwer K, Parmar A, Rahman S, Kaushal A, Madamwar D, Islam A, Hassan MI, Ahmad F. Folding and stability studies on C-PE and its natural N-terminal truncant. Arch Biochem Biophys 2014; 545:9-21. [PMID: 24434005 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2014.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Revised: 01/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The conformational and functional state of biliproteins can be determined by optical properties of the covalently linked chromophores. α-Subunit of most of the phycoerythrin contains 164 residues. Recently determined crystal structure of the naturally truncated form of α-subunit of cyanobacterial phycoerythrin (Tr-αC-PE) lacks 31 N-terminal residues present in its full length form (FL-αC-PE). This provides an opportunity to investigate the structure-function relationship between these two natural forms. We measured guanidinium chloride (GdmCl)-induced denaturation curves of FL-αC-PE and Tr-αC-PE proteins, followed by observing changes in absorbance at 565nm, fluorescence at 350 and 573nm, and circular dichroism at 222nm. The denaturation curve of each protein was analyzed for ΔGD(∘), the value of Gibbs free energy change on denaturation (ΔGD) in the absence of GdmCl. The main conclusions of the this study are: (i) GdmCl-induced denaturation (native state↔denatured state) of FL-αC-PE and Tr-αC-PE is reversible and follows a two-state mechanism, (ii) FL-αC-PE is 1.4kcalmol(-1) more stable than Tr-αC-PE, (iii) truncation of 31-residue long fragment that contains two α-helices, does not alter the 3-D structure of the remaining protein polypeptide chain, protein-chromophore interaction, and (iv) amino acid sequence of Tr-αC-PE determines the functional structure of the phycoerythrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Anwer
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University), Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110 025, India
| | - Asha Parmar
- BRD School of Biosciences, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat 388 120, India
| | - Safikur Rahman
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University), Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110 025, India
| | - Avani Kaushal
- BRD School of Biosciences, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat 388 120, India
| | - Datta Madamwar
- BRD School of Biosciences, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat 388 120, India
| | - Asimul Islam
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University), Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110 025, India
| | - Md Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University), Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110 025, India.
| | - Faizan Ahmad
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University), Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110 025, India
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Anwer K, Sonani R, Madamwar D, Singh P, Khan F, Bisetty K, Ahmad F, Hassan MI. Role of N-terminal residues on folding and stability of C-phycoerythrin: simulation and urea-induced denaturation studies. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2013; 33:121-33. [PMID: 24279700 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2013.855144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The conformational state of biliproteins can be determined by optical properties of the covalently linked chromophores. Recently determined crystal structure of truncated form of α-subunit of cyanobacterial phycoerythrin (αC-PE) from Phormidium tenue provides a new insight into the structure-function relationship of αC-PE. To compare their stabilities, we have measured urea-induced denaturation transitions of the full length αC-PE (FL-αC-PE) and truncated αC-PE (Tr-αC-PE) followed by observing changes in absorbance at 565 nm, fluorescence at 350 and 573 nm, and circular dichroism at 222 nm as a function of [urea], the molar concentration of urea. The transition curve of each protein was analyzed for ΔG(D)(0), the value of Gibbs free energy change on denaturation (ΔG(D)) in the absence of urea; m, the slope (=∂∆G(D)/∂[urea]), and C(m), the midpoint of the denaturation curve, i.e. [urea] at which ΔG(D) = 0. A difference of about 10% in ΔG(D)(0) observed between FL-αC-PE and Tr-αC-PE, suggests that the two proteins are almost equally stable, and the natural deletion of 31 residues from the N-terminal side of the full length protein does not alter its stability. Furthermore, normalization of probes shows that the urea-induced denaturation of both the proteins is a two-state process. Folding of both structural variants (Tr-αC-PE and FL-αC-PE) of P. tenue were also studied using molecular dynamics simulations at 300 K. The results show clearly that the stability of the proteins is evenly distributed over the whole structure indicating no significant role of N-terminal residues in the stability of both proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Anwer
- a Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences , Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University) , Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110 025 , India
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Further studies and biological activities of macromolecular protein R-Phycoerythrin from Portieria hornemannii. Int J Biol Macromol 2013; 62:107-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Revised: 08/08/2013] [Accepted: 08/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Abrams B, Diwu Z, Guryev O, Suni M, Dubrovsky T. New violet-excitable reagents for multicolor flow applications. Cytometry A 2013; 83:752-62. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.22309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2011] [Revised: 07/06/2012] [Accepted: 05/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Barny Abrams
- BD Biosciences Cell Analysis; Reagent and Application Development; 2350 Qume Drive; San Jose; CA 95131
| | - Zhenjun Diwu
- AAT Bioquest, Inc., Dye Development; 520 Mercury Drive; Sunnyvale; CA 94085
| | - Oleg Guryev
- BD Biosciences Cell Analysis; Reagent and Application Development; 2350 Qume Drive; San Jose; CA 95131
| | - Maria Suni
- BD Biosciences Cell Analysis; Reagent and Application Development; 2350 Qume Drive; San Jose; CA 95131
| | - Tim Dubrovsky
- BD Biosciences Cell Analysis; Reagent and Application Development; 2350 Qume Drive; San Jose; CA 95131
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Lage-Yusty MA, Caramés-Adán P, López-Hernández J. Determination of phycobiliproteins by constant-wavelength synchronous spectrofluorimetry method in red algae. CYTA - JOURNAL OF FOOD 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/19476337.2012.728629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Selva C, Malferrari M, Ballardini R, Ventola A, Francia F, Venturoli G. Trehalose Preserves the Integrity of Lyophilized Phycoerythrin–AntiHuman CD8 Antibody Conjugates and Enhances their Thermal Stability in Flow Cytometric Assays. J Pharm Sci 2013; 102:649-59. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.23398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2012] [Revised: 10/24/2012] [Accepted: 11/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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The pH regulated phycobiliproteins loading and releasing of polyelectrolytes multilayer microcapsules. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2012; 93:121-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2011.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2011] [Revised: 12/20/2011] [Accepted: 12/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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de O Moreira I, Passos TS, Chiapinni C, Silveira GK, Souza JCM, Coca-Vellarde LG, Deliza R, de Lima Araújo KG. Colour evaluation of a phycobiliprotein-rich extract obtained from Nostoc PCC9205 in acidic solutions and yogurt. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2012; 92:598-605. [PMID: 22095681 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.4614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2011] [Revised: 07/16/2011] [Accepted: 07/20/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phycobiliproteins are coloured proteins produced by cyanobacteria, which have several applications because of their colour properties. However, there is no available information about the colour stability of phycobiliproteins from Nostoc sp. in food systems. The aim of this work was to study the colour stability of a purple-coloured phycobiliprotein-rich extract from the cyanobacterium Nostoc PCC9205 in acidic solutions and yogurt. RESULTS Variations of pH for Nostoc PCC9205 extract have shown stability for the L* (lightness) and a* (redness) indexes in the range 1.0-7.0. The b* index (blueness), however, increased at pH values below 4.0, indicating loss of the blue colour. The Nostoc PCC9205 extract was used as colorant in yogurt (pH 4.17) stored for 60 days. Instrumental colour analysis showed no changes for the L* and a* indexes during storage, whereas the b* index changed after 20 days of storage. A multiple comparison test showed colour instability after 20 days of storage. A hedonic scale test performed on the 60th day of storage showed acceptability of the product. CONCLUSIONS The red component of the phycobiliprotein-rich extract from Nostoc PCC9205 presented an improved stability in acidic media and yogurt compared with the blue component of this extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabela de O Moreira
- Departamento de Bromatologia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Su HN, Xie BB, Zhang XY, Zhou BC, Zhang YZ. The supramolecular architecture, function, and regulation of thylakoid membranes in red algae: an overview. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2010; 106:73-87. [PMID: 20521115 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-010-9560-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2009] [Accepted: 05/10/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Red algae are a group of eukaryotic photosynthetic organisms. Phycobilisomes (PBSs), which are composed of various types of phycobiliproteins and linker polypeptides, are the main light-harvesting antennae in red algae, as in cyanobacteria. Two morphological types of PBSs, hemispherical- and hemidiscoidal-shaped, are found in different red algae species. PBSs harvest solar energy and efficiently transfer it to photosystem II (PS II) and finally to photosystem I (PS I). The PS I of red algae uses light-harvesting complex of PS I (LHC I) as a light-harvesting antennae, which is phylogenetically related to the LHC I found in higher plants. PBSs, PS II, and PS I are all distributed throughout the entire thylakoid membrane, a pattern that is different from the one found in higher plants. Photosynthesis processes, especially those of the light reactions, are carried out by the supramolecular complexes located in/on the thylakoid membranes. Here, the supramolecular architecture, function and regulation of thylakoid membranes in red algal are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Nan Su
- The State Key Lab of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
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