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Wolosiewicz M, Balatskyi VV, Duda MK, Filip A, Ntambi JM, Navrulin VO, Dobrzyn P. SCD4 deficiency decreases cardiac steatosis and prevents cardiac remodeling in mice fed a high-fat diet. J Lipid Res 2024; 65:100612. [PMID: 39094772 PMCID: PMC11402454 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2024.100612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) is a lipogenic enzyme that catalyzes formation of the first double bond in the carbon chain of saturated fatty acids. Four isoforms of SCD have been identified in mice, the most poorly characterized of which is SCD4, which is cardiac-specific. In the present study, we investigated the role of SCD4 in systemic and cardiac metabolism. We used WT and global SCD4 KO mice that were fed standard laboratory chow or a high-fat diet (HFD). SCD4 deficiency reduced body adiposity and decreased hyperinsulinemia and hypercholesterolemia in HFD-fed mice. The loss of SCD4 preserved heart morphology in the HFD condition. Lipid accumulation decreased in the myocardium in SCD4-deficient mice and in HL-1 cardiomyocytes with knocked out Scd4 expression. This was associated with an increase in the rate of lipolysis and, more specifically, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) activity. Possible mechanisms of ATGL activation by SCD4 deficiency include lower protein levels of the ATGL inhibitor G0/G1 switch protein 2 and greater activation by protein kinase A under lipid overload conditions. Moreover, we observed higher intracellular Ca2+ levels in HL-1 cells with silenced Scd4 expression. This may explain the activation of protein kinase A in response to higher Ca2+ levels. Additionally, the loss of SCD4 inhibited mitochondrial enlargement, NADH overactivation, and reactive oxygen species overproduction in the heart in HFD-fed mice. In conclusion, SCD4 deficiency activated lipolysis, resulting in a reduction of cardiac steatosis, prevented the induction of left ventricular hypertrophy, and reduced reactive oxygen species levels in the heart in HFD-fed mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Wolosiewicz
- Laboratory of Molecular Medical Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Volodymyr V Balatskyi
- Laboratory of Molecular Medical Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika K Duda
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Filip
- Laboratory of Molecular Medical Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - James M Ntambi
- Departments of Biochemistry and Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Viktor O Navrulin
- Laboratory of Molecular Medical Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Pawel Dobrzyn
- Laboratory of Molecular Medical Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
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2
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Wang L, O'Kane AM, Zhang Y, Ren J. Maternal obesity and offspring health: Adapting metabolic changes through autophagy and mitophagy. Obes Rev 2023:e13567. [PMID: 37055041 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Maternal obesity leads to obstetric complications and a high prevalence of metabolic anomalies in the offspring. Among various contributing factors for maternal obesity-evoked health sequelae, developmental programming is considered as one of the leading culprit factors for maternal obesity-associated chronic comorbidities. Although a unified theory is still lacking to systematically address multiple unfavorable postnatal health sequelae, a cadre of etiological machineries have been put forward, including lipotoxicity, inflammation, oxidative stress, autophagy/mitophagy defect, and cell death. Hereinto, autophagy and mitophagy play an essential housekeeping role in the clearance of long-lived, damaged, and unnecessary cell components to maintain and restore cellular homeostasis. Defective autophagy/mitophagy has been reported in maternal obesity and negatively impacts fetal development and postnatal health. This review will provide an update on metabolic disorders in fetal development and postnatal health issues evoked by maternal obesity and/or intrauterine overnutrition and discuss the possible contribution of autophagy/mitophagy in metabolic diseases. Moreover, relevant mechanisms and potential therapeutic strategies will be discussed in an effort to target autophagy/mitophagy and metabolic disturbances in maternal obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Litao Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Aislinn M O'Kane
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202, USA
| | - Yingmei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jun Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
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3
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Pan X, Yue L, Ban J, Ren L, Chen S. Effects of Semaglutide on Cardiac Protein Expression and Cardiac Function of Obese Mice. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:6409-6425. [PMID: 36452054 PMCID: PMC9704011 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s391859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Using proteomics to study the effect of semaglutide on cardiac protein expression in obese mice. Assessment of the effect of semaglutide on cardiac function in obese mice. Materials and Methods The mice were randomly divided into three groups: the control group (WC), the high-fat group (WF), and the high-fat diet with semaglutide intervention group (WS). Serum samples were collected, and lipids, blood glucose, inflammatory and oxidative stress markers, and cardiac ultrasound, were examined. The cardiac weight of each group of mice was measured, and pathological alterations were examined. Inflammation and oxidative stress levels in heart tissue were evaluated. The labeling coupled with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) platform was used to find differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) and screen for related pathways and key proteins in a proteomics study. Results Semaglutide greatly alleviated obesity-induced lipid metabolism abnormalities, improved cardiac ventricular wall thickening, and significantly reduced myocardial collagen content in obese mice. Semaglutide significantly reduces obesity-induced inflammation and oxidative stress. There were 64 DEPs in the WF/WC group, with 39 upregulated proteins and 25 downregulated proteins. The WS/WC group, on the other hand, had 83 DEPs, including 57 upregulated and 26 downregulated proteins. Following functional analysis, DEPs were shown to be largely associated with lipid metabolism and peroxisomes. Apolipoprotein A-II, catalase, diazepam-binding inhibitor, paraoxonase-1, and hydroxysteroid 17-dehydrogenase-4 were all upregulated in the WF group but significantly downregulated in the WS group. A high-fat diet increases the expression of lipid synthesis and transport proteins while increasing inflammation and oxidative stress damage. Conclusion Semaglutide decreases lipid synthesis alleviates inflammation and oxidative stress and prevents lipid peroxidation and cardiac impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Pan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Yue
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiangli Ban
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Ren
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuchun Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Shuchun Chen, Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 31185988406, Fax +86 31185988406, Email
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The Role of Mitochondria in Metabolic Syndrome–Associated Cardiomyopathy. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:9196232. [PMID: 35783195 PMCID: PMC9246605 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9196232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
With the rapid development of society, the incidence of metabolic syndrome (MS) is increasing rapidly. Evidence indicated that patients diagnosed with MS usually suffered from cardiomyopathy, called metabolic syndrome–associated cardiomyopathy (MSC). The clinical characteristics of MSC included cardiac hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction, followed by heart failure. Despite many studies on this topic, the detailed mechanisms are not clear yet. As the center of cellular metabolism, mitochondria are crucial for maintaining heart function, while mitochondria dysfunction plays a vital role through mechanisms such as mitochondrial energy deprivation, calcium disorder, and ROS (reactive oxygen species) imbalance during the development of MSC. Accordingly, in this review, we will summarize the characteristics of MSC and especially focus on the mechanisms related to mitochondria. In addition, we will update new therapeutic strategies in this field.
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5
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Vajjala M, Johnson B, Kasparek L, Leuze M, Yao Q. Profiling a Community-Specific Function Landscape for Bacterial Peptides Through Protein-Level Meta-Assembly and Machine Learning. Front Genet 2022; 13:935351. [PMID: 35938008 PMCID: PMC9354662 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.935351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Small proteins, encoded by small open reading frames, are only beginning to emerge with the current advancement of omics technology and bioinformatics. There is increasing evidence that small proteins play roles in diverse critical biological functions, such as adjusting cellular metabolism, regulating other protein activities, controlling cell cycles, and affecting disease physiology. In prokaryotes such as bacteria, the small proteins are largely unexplored for their sequence space and functional groups. For most bacterial species from a natural community, the sample cannot be easily isolated or cultured, and the bacterial peptides must be better characterized in a metagenomic manner. The bacterial peptides identified from metagenomic samples can not only enrich the pool of small proteins but can also reveal the community-specific microbe ecology information from a small protein perspective. In this study, metaBP (Bacterial Peptides for metagenomic sample) has been developed as a comprehensive toolkit to explore the small protein universe from metagenomic samples. It takes raw sequencing reads as input, performs protein-level meta-assembly, and computes bacterial peptide homolog groups with sample-specific mutations. The metaBP also integrates general protein annotation tools as well as our small protein-specific machine learning module metaBP-ML to construct a full landscape for bacterial peptides. The metaBP-ML shows advantages for discovering functions of bacterial peptides in a microbial community and increases the yields of annotations by up to five folds. The metaBP toolkit demonstrates its novelty in adopting the protein-level assembly to discover small proteins, integrating protein-clustering tool in a new and flexible environment of RBiotools, and presenting the first-time small protein landscape by metaBP-ML. Taken together, metaBP (and metaBP-ML) can profile functional bacterial peptides from metagenomic samples with potential diverse mutations, in order to depict a unique landscape of small proteins from a microbial community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Vajjala
- School of Computing, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Brady Johnson
- School of Computing, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Lauren Kasparek
- School of Computing, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | | | - Qiuming Yao
- School of Computing, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
- *Correspondence: Qiuming Yao,
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Filtration of Active Components with Antioxidant Activity Based on the Differing Antioxidant Abilities of Schisandrae Sphenantherae Fructus and Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus through UPLC/MS Coupling with Network Pharmacology. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:5547976. [PMID: 34335821 PMCID: PMC8321731 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5547976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study attempted to filter active components with antioxidant activities based on the differing antioxidant abilities of Schisandrae Sphenantherae Fructus (SSF) and Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus (SCF). First, the antioxidant activity of SSF and SCF was evaluated through the DPPH free radical scavenging method and compared with the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value. Next, components of SSF and SCF were detected by employing ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-Q-Exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometry (UPLC-QEO/MS) technology, and differential compounds were screened out as potential antioxidant compounds by using Compound Discover 3.1 Software. After that step, in order to verify the antioxidant compounds, the network method was applied. Biological targets were searched in the GeneCards database, and that related to antioxidant ability were selected in the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD). Finally, the pharmacology network was constructed. Results showed that SSF and SCF possessed different compounds and antioxidant abilities. A total of 14 differential compounds such as γ-schizandrin, schisandrin B, schisandrin, and tigloylgomisin H between them were screened out and identified. Twenty targets associated with antioxidant activity contained MAP2K1, MAPK8, RPS6KB1, PRKCB, HIF1A, and so on were investigated. Thirty-six pathways contained HIF-1 signaling pathways, choline metabolism in cancer, serotonergic synapse, Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway, GnRH signaling pathway, and so on related to the above twenty targets were identified. The pharmacology network analysis indicated that the differential components may be helpful in treating various diseases, especially cancer, by exerting antioxidant activity. In conclusion, this study provided a novel method for identifying active components with antioxidant activity in SSF and SCF, and this method may be applicable for the filtration of bioactive components in other herbs.
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Wingard MC, Dalal S, Shook PL, Myers R, Connelly BA, Thewke DP, Singh M, Singh K. Deficiency of ataxia-telangiectasia mutated kinase modulates functional and biochemical parameters of the heart in response to Western-type diet. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2021; 320:H2324-H2338. [PMID: 33929897 PMCID: PMC8289354 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00990.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase deficiency exacerbates heart dysfunction late after myocardial infarction. Here, we hypothesized that ATM deficiency modulates Western-type diet (WD)-induced cardiac remodeling with an emphasis on functional and biochemical parameters of the heart. Weight gain was assessed in male wild-type (WT) and ATM heterozygous knockout (hKO) mice on weekly basis, whereas cardiac functional and biochemical parameters were measured 14 wk post-WD. hKO-WD mice exhibited rapid body weight gain at weeks 5, 6, 7, 8, and 10 versus WT-WD. WD decreased percent fractional shortening and ejection fraction, and increased end-systolic volumes and diameters to a similar extent in both genotypes. However, WD decreased stroke volume, cardiac output, peak velocity of early ventricular filling, and aortic ejection time and increased isovolumetric relaxation time (IVRT) and Tei index versus WT-NC (normal chow). Conversely, IVRT, isovolumetric contraction time, and Tei index were lower in hKO-WD versus hKO-NC and WT-WD. Myocyte apoptosis and hypertrophy were higher in hKO-WD versus WT-WD. WD increased fibrosis and expression of collagen-1α1, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, and MMP-9 in WT. WD enhanced AMPK activation, while decreasing mTOR activation in hKO. Akt and IKK-α/β activation, and Bax, PARP-1, and Glut-4 expression were higher in WT-WD versus WT-NC, whereas NF-κB activation and Glut-4 expression were lower in hKO-WD versus hKO-NC. Circulating concentrations of IL-12(p70), eotaxin, IFN-γ, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1α, and MIP-1β were higher in hKO-WD versus WT-WD. Thus, ATM deficiency accelerates weight gain, induces systolic dysfunction with increased preload, and associates with increased apoptosis, hypertrophy, and inflammation in response to WD.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase deficiency in humans associates with enhanced susceptibility to ischemic heart disease. Here, we provide evidence that ATM deficiency accelerates body weight gain and associates with increased cardiac preload, hypertrophy, and apoptosis in mice fed with Western-type diet (WD). Further investigations of the role of ATM deficiency in WD-induced alterations in function and biochemical parameters of the heart may provide clinically applicable information on treatment and/or nutritional counseling for patients with ATM deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary C Wingard
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, James H Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee
| | - Suman Dalal
- Department of Health Sciences, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee
- Center of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee
| | - Paige L Shook
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, James H Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee
| | - Rachel Myers
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, James H Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee
| | - Barbara A Connelly
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, James H Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee
- James H Quillen Veterans Affairs Medical Center, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee
| | - Douglas P Thewke
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, James H Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee
| | - Mahipal Singh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, James H Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee
| | - Krishna Singh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, James H Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee
- Center of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee
- James H Quillen Veterans Affairs Medical Center, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee
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8
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de Souza DMS, Silva MC, Farias SEB, Menezes APDJ, Milanezi CM, Lúcio KDP, Paiva NCN, de Abreu PM, Costa DC, Pinto KMDC, Costa GDP, Silva JS, Talvani A. Diet Rich in Lard Promotes a Metabolic Environment Favorable to Trypanosoma cruzi Growth. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:667580. [PMID: 34113663 PMCID: PMC8185140 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.667580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Trypanosoma cruzi is a protozoan parasite that causes Chagas disease and affects 6-7 million people mainly in Latin America and worldwide. Here, we investigated the effects of hyperlipidic diets, mainly composed of olive oil or lard on experimental T. cruzi infection. C57BL/6 mice were fed two different dietary types in which the main sources of fatty acids were either monounsaturated (olive oil diet) or saturated (lard diet). Methods: After 60 days on the diet, mice were infected with 50 trypomastigote forms of T. cruzi Colombian strain. We evaluated the systemic and tissue parasitism, tissue inflammation, and the redox status of mice after 30 days of infection. Results: Lipid levels in the liver of mice fed with the lard diet increased compared with that of the mice fed with olive oil or normolipidic diets. The lard diet group presented with an increased parasitic load in the heart and adipose tissues following infection as well as an increased expression of Tlr2 and Tlr9 in the heart. However, no changes were seen in the survival rates across the dietary groups. Infected mice receiving all diets presented comparable levels of recruited inflammatory cells at 30 days post-infection but, at this time, we observed lard diet inducing an overproduction of CCL2 in the cardiac tissue and its inhibition in the adipose tissue. T. cruzi infection altered liver antioxidant levels in mice, with the lard diet group demonstrating decreased catalase (CAT) activity compared with that of other dietary groups. Conclusions: Our data demonstrated that T. cruzi growth is more favorable on tissue of mice subjected to the lard diet. Our findings supported our hypothesis of a relationship between the source of dietary lipids and parasite-induced immunopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora Maria Soares de Souza
- Laboratory of Immunobiology of Inflammation, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil.,Biological Science Post-graduate Program, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil.,Health and Nutrition Post-graduate Program, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - Maria Cláudia Silva
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Silvia Elvira Barros Farias
- Laboratory of Immunobiology of Inflammation, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula de J Menezes
- Laboratory of Immunobiology of Inflammation, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Maria Milanezi
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karine de P Lúcio
- Laboratory of Metabolic Biochemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - Nívia Carolina N Paiva
- Center of Research in Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - Paula Melo de Abreu
- Biological Science Post-graduate Program, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - Daniela Caldeira Costa
- Health and Nutrition Post-graduate Program, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil.,Laboratory of Metabolic Biochemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - Kelerson Mauro de Castro Pinto
- Laboratory of Immunobiology of Inflammation, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil.,School of Physical Education, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - Guilherme de Paula Costa
- Laboratory of Immunobiology of Inflammation, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil.,Health and Nutrition Post-graduate Program, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - João Santana Silva
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Fiocruz-Bi-Institutional Translational Medicine Plataform, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - André Talvani
- Laboratory of Immunobiology of Inflammation, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil.,Health and Nutrition Post-graduate Program, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil.,Health Science, Infectology and Tropical Medicine Post-graduate Program, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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9
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Dong Y, Li X, Liu Y, Gao J, Tao J. The molecular targets of taurine confer anti-hyperlipidemic effects. Life Sci 2021; 278:119579. [PMID: 33961852 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia, an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis, is regarded as a lipid metabolism disorder associated with elevated plasma triglyceride and/or cholesterol. Genetic factors and unhealthy lifestyles, such as excess caloric intake and physical inactivity, can result in hyperlipidemia. Taurine, a sulfur-containing non-essential amino acid, is abundant in marine foods and has been associated with wide-ranging beneficial physiological effects, with special reference to regulating aberrant lipid metabolism. Its anti-hyperlipidemic mechanism is complex, which is related to many enzymes in the process of fat anabolism and catabolism (e.g., HMGCR, CYP7A1, LDLR, FXR, FAS and ACC). Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant molecular targets, lipid autophagy, metabolic reprogramming and gut microbiota will also be reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Dong
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, China; Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 17 LuJiang Road, Hefei 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, China; Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 17 LuJiang Road, Hefei 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Yaling Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, China; Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 17 LuJiang Road, Hefei 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, China; Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 17 LuJiang Road, Hefei 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Jinhui Tao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, China; Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 17 LuJiang Road, Hefei 230001, Anhui, China.
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10
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Kaludercic N, Maiuri MC, Kaushik S, Fernández ÁF, de Bruijn J, Castoldi F, Chen Y, Ito J, Mukai R, Murakawa T, Nah J, Pietrocola F, Saito T, Sebti S, Semenzato M, Tsansizi L, Sciarretta S, Madrigal-Matute J. Comprehensive autophagy evaluation in cardiac disease models. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 116:483-504. [PMID: 31504266 PMCID: PMC7064050 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvz233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a highly conserved recycling mechanism essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis. The pathophysiological role of autophagy has been explored since its discovery 50 years ago, but interest in autophagy has grown exponentially over the last years. Many researchers around the globe have found that autophagy is a critical pathway involved in the pathogenesis of cardiac diseases. Several groups have created novel and powerful tools for gaining deeper insights into the role of autophagy in the aetiology and development of pathologies affecting the heart. Here, we discuss how established and emerging methods to study autophagy can be used to unravel the precise function of this central recycling mechanism in the cardiac system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Kaludercic
- Neuroscience Institute, Department of Biomedical Sciences, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Maiuri
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Susmita Kaushik
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Institute for Aging Studies, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Álvaro F Fernández
- Center for Autophagy Research, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Jenny de Bruijn
- Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute (CARIM), Maastricht University, P. Debyelaan 25, 6229 HX, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Institute of Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen, University, Pauwelsstrase 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Francesca Castoldi
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Yun Chen
- Departments of Medicine (Cardiology) and Cell Biology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Jumpei Ito
- The School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Risa Mukai
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, 185 South Orange Avenue, Newark, NY, USA
| | - Tomokazu Murakawa
- The School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Jihoon Nah
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, 185 South Orange Avenue, Newark, NY, USA
| | - Federico Pietrocola
- Cellular Plasticity and Disease Laboratory. Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona; Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Toshiro Saito
- Department of Surgery and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1-1-1 Minami-Kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan
| | - Salwa Sebti
- Center for Autophagy Research, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Martina Semenzato
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Via U Bassi 58B, 35121, Padua, Italy.,Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Via Orus 2, 35129, Padua, Italy
| | - Lorenza Tsansizi
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Via U Bassi 58B, 35121, Padua, Italy.,Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Via Orus 2, 35129, Padua, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Sciarretta
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100, Latina, LT, Italy.,Department of AngioCardioNeurology, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Julio Madrigal-Matute
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Institute for Aging Studies, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
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11
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Kaur N, Raja R, Ruiz-Velasco A, Liu W. Cellular Protein Quality Control in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: From Bench to Bedside. Front Cardiovasc Med 2020; 7:585309. [PMID: 33195472 PMCID: PMC7593653 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.585309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure is a serious comorbidity and the most common cause of mortality in diabetes patients. Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) features impaired cellular structure and function, culminating in heart failure; however, there is a dearth of specific clinical therapy for treating DCM. Protein homeostasis is pivotal for the maintenance of cellular viability under physiological and pathological conditions, particularly in the irreplaceable cardiomyocytes; therefore, it is tightly regulated by a protein quality control (PQC) system. Three evolutionarily conserved molecular processes, the unfolded protein response (UPR), the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), and autophagy, enhance protein turnover and preserve protein homeostasis by suppressing protein translation, degrading misfolded or unfolded proteins in cytosol or organelles, disposing of damaged and toxic proteins, recycling essential amino acids, and eliminating insoluble protein aggregates. In response to increased cellular protein demand under pathological insults, including the diabetic condition, a coordinated PQC system retains cardiac protein homeostasis and heart performance, on the contrary, inappropriate PQC function exaggerates cardiac proteotoxicity with subsequent heart dysfunction. Further investigation of the PQC mechanisms in diabetes propels a more comprehensive understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of DCM and opens new prospective treatment strategies for heart disease and heart failure in diabetes patients. In this review, the function and regulation of cardiac PQC machinery in diabetes mellitus, and the therapeutic potential for the diabetic heart are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namrita Kaur
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Rida Raja
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Ruiz-Velasco
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Wei Liu
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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12
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Autophagy, Hyperlipidemia, and Atherosclerosis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1207:237-264. [PMID: 32671753 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-4272-5_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved process in eukaryotes that processes the turnover of intracellular substances. Atherosclerosis is a disease caused by multiple factors, it mainly occurs on the walls of large and medium blood vessels and atherosclerotic plaques form in the intima of the blood vessels. Hyperlipidemia is considered to be a very dangerous factor leading to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, especially atherosclerosis. This chapter mainly introduces the key role of autophagy in hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis, that is, impaired lipophagy affects the degradation of triacylglycerol, cholesterol, etc., leading to hyperlipidemia in atherosclerosis. In patients, excessive levels of autophagy accelerate the rupture of atherosclerotic plaque. This chapter also describes the advances in the treatment of atherosclerosis and hyperlipidemia by targeted autophagy.
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13
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Kaludercic N, Di Lisa F. Mitochondrial ROS Formation in the Pathogenesis of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy. Front Cardiovasc Med 2020; 7:12. [PMID: 32133373 PMCID: PMC7040199 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a result of diabetes-induced changes in the structure and function of the heart. Hyperglycemia affects multiple pathways in the diabetic heart, but excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and oxidative stress represent common denominators associated with adverse tissue remodeling. Indeed, key processes underlying cardiac remodeling in diabetes are redox sensitive, including inflammation, organelle dysfunction, alteration in ion homeostasis, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, apoptosis, fibrosis, and contractile dysfunction. Extensive experimental evidence supports the involvement of mitochondrial ROS formation in the alterations characterizing the diabetic heart. In this review we will outline the central role of mitochondrial ROS and alterations in the redox status contributing to the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy. We will discuss the role of different sources of ROS involved in this process, with a specific emphasis on mitochondrial ROS producing enzymes within cardiomyocytes. Finally, the therapeutic potential of pharmacological inhibitors of ROS sources within the mitochondria will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Kaludercic
- Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Padua, Italy
| | - Fabio Di Lisa
- Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Padua, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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14
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Sun M, Tan Y, Rexiati M, Dong M, Guo W. Obesity is a common soil for premature cardiac aging and heart diseases - Role of autophagy. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1865:1898-1904. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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15
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Zhang L, Feng Q, Wang T. Necrostatin-1 Protects Against Paraquat-Induced Cardiac Contractile Dysfunction via RIP1-RIP3-MLKL-Dependent Necroptosis Pathway. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2019; 18:346-355. [PMID: 29299822 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-017-9441-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Paraquat is a highly toxic prooxidant that triggers oxidative stress and multi-organ failure including that of the heart. To date, effective treatment of paraquat toxicity is still not established. Necroptosis, a newly discovered form of programmed cell death, was recently shown to be strongly associated with cardiovascular disease. Receptor interaction proteins 1 (RIP1), receptor interaction proteins 3 (RIP3), and mixed lineage kinase domain like (MLKL) are key proteins in the necroptosis pathway. Necrostatin-1 (Nec-1) is a specific inhibitor of necroptosis which acts by blocking the interaction between RIP1 and RIP3. In the present study, we studied the effect of Nec-1 on paraquat-induced cardiac contractile dysfunction and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in the heart tissues using a mouse model. Our results revealed impaired contractile function, deranged intracellular Ca2+ handling and echocardiographic abnormalities in mice challenged with paraquat. We further found enhanced expressions of RIP1, RIP3, and MLKL along with overproduction of ROS in mice heart tissues. Nec-1 pre-treatment prevented cardiac contractile dysfunction in paraquat-challenged mice. Furthermore, Nec-1 reduced RIP1-RIP3 interaction, down-regulated the RIP1-RIP3-MLKL signal pathway, and dramatically inhibited the production of ROS. Collectively, these findings suggest that Nec-1 alleviated paraquat-induced myocardial contractile dysfunction through inhibition of necroptosis, an effect which was likely mediated via the RIP1-RIP3-MLKL signaling cascade. Further, ROS appeared to play an important role in this process. Thus, this process may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of paraquat-induced cardiac contractile dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Qiming Feng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Teng Wang
- Shanghai Pudong Newarea Healthcare Hospital for Women and Children, Shanghai, 201200, China
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16
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Abstract
Obesity poses a severe threat to human health, including the increased prevalence of hypertension, insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, cancer, inflammation, sleep apnoea and other chronic diseases. Current therapies focus mainly on suppressing caloric intake, but the efficacy of this approach remains poor. A better understanding of the pathophysiology of obesity will be essential for the management of obesity and its complications. Knowledge gained over the past three decades regarding the aetiological mechanisms underpinning obesity has provided a framework that emphasizes energy imbalance and neurohormonal dysregulation, which are tightly regulated by autophagy. Accordingly, there is an emerging interest in the role of autophagy, a conserved homeostatic process for cellular quality control through the disposal and recycling of cellular components, in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis and organ function by selectively ridding cells of potentially toxic proteins, lipids and organelles. Indeed, defects in autophagy homeostasis are implicated in metabolic disorders, including obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis. In this Review, the alterations in autophagy that occur in response to nutrient stress, and how these changes alter the course of obesogenesis and obesity-related complications, are discussed. The potential of pharmacological modulation of autophagy for the management of obesity is also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingmei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Fudan University Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China.
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, WY, USA.
| | - James R Sowers
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri-Columbia School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Jun Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Fudan University Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China.
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, WY, USA.
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17
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Wang F, Jia J, Rodrigues B. Autophagy, Metabolic Disease, and Pathogenesis of Heart Dysfunction. Can J Cardiol 2017; 33:850-859. [PMID: 28389131 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In normal physiology, autophagy is recognized as a protective housekeeping mechanism that enables elimination of unhealthy organelles, protein aggregates, and invading pathogens, as well as recycling cell components and producing new building blocks and energy for cellular renovation and homeostasis. However, overactive or depressed autophagy is often associated with the pathogenesis of multiple disorders, including cardiac disease. During metabolic disorders, such as diabetes and obesity, dysregulation of autophagy frequently leads to cell death, cardiomyopathy, and cardiac dysfunction. In this article, we summarize the current understanding of autophagy-its classification, progression, and regulation; its roles in both physiological and pathophysiological conditions; and the balance between autophagy and apoptosis. We also explore how dysregulation of autophagy leads to cell death in models of metabolic disease and its contributing factors-including nutrient state, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, insulin inefficiency, and oxidative stress-and outline some recent efforts to restore normal autophagy in pathophysiological states. This information could provide potential targets for the prevention of, or intervention in, cardiac failure in metabolic disorders such as diabetes and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulong Wang
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jocelyn Jia
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Brian Rodrigues
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
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18
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Parry TL, Willis MS. Cardiac ubiquitin ligases: Their role in cardiac metabolism, autophagy, cardioprotection and therapeutic potential. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2016; 1862:2259-2269. [PMID: 27421947 PMCID: PMC5159290 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Both the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and the lysosomal autophagy system have emerged as complementary key players responsible for the turnover of cellular proteins. The regulation of protein turnover is critical to cardiomyocytes as post-mitotic cells with very limited regenerative capacity. In this focused review, we describe the emerging interface between the UPS and autophagy, with E3's regulating autophagy at two critical points through multiple mechanisms. Moreover, we discuss recent insights in how both the UPS and autophagy can alter metabolism at various levels, to present new ways to think about therapeutically regulating autophagy in a focused manner to optimize disease-specific cardioprotection, without harming the overall homeostasis of protein quality control. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: The role of post-translational protein modifications on heart and vascular metabolism edited by Jason R.B. Dyck & Jan F.C. Glatz.
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Affiliation(s)
- Traci L Parry
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Monte S Willis
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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19
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Zhang C, Zhang NN, Li ZY, Tian YT, Zhang LT, Zheng BD. Antioxidant Efficacy of Protein Hydrolysates from Large Yellow Croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea) in D-galactose-Induced Aging Mice. JOURNAL OF AQUATIC FOOD PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/10498850.2015.1082525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chong Zhang
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Ning Ning Zhang
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zhi Yu Li
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yu Ting Tian
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Long Tao Zhang
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Bao Dong Zheng
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
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20
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Yang Y, Zhao C, Yang P, Wang X, Wang L, Chen A. Autophagy in cardiac metabolic control: Novel mechanisms for cardiovascular disorders. Cell Biol Int 2016; 40:944-54. [PMID: 27191043 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
As an extensively studied quality control system, autophagy is responsible for clearance of dysfunctional organelles and damaged marcomolecules in cells. In addition to its biological recycling function, autophagy plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndromes such as obesity and diabetes. In particular, metabolic disorders contribute to cardiovascular disease development. As energy required to maintain cardiac cells functional is immense, disturbances in the balance between anabolic and catabolic metabolism possibly contribute to cardiovascular disorders. Therefore, an urgent need to expand our knowledge on the role of autophagy on the metabolic regulation of hearts emerges. In this review, the potential relationship between autophagic activity and cardiac metabolism is explored and we also discuss how dysregulated autophagy leads to severe cardiac disorders from the perspective of metabolic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou City, China
| | - Cong Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou City, China
| | - Pingzhen Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou City, China
| | - Xianbao Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou City, China
| | - Lizi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou City, China
| | - Aihua Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou City, China
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21
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Li L, Xu J, He L, Peng L, Zhong Q, Chen L, Jiang Z. The role of autophagy in cardiac hypertrophy. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2016; 48:491-500. [PMID: 27084518 PMCID: PMC4913516 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmw025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is conserved in nature from lower eukaryotes to mammals and is an important self-cannibalizing, degradative process that contributes to the elimination of superfluous materials. Cardiac hypertrophy is primarily characterized by excess protein synthesis, increased cardiomyocyte size, and thickened ventricular walls and is a major risk factor that promotes arrhythmia and heart failure. In recent years, cardiomyocyte autophagy has been considered to play a role in controlling the hypertrophic response. However, the beneficial or aggravating role of cardiomyocyte autophagy in cardiac hypertrophy remains controversial. The exact mechanism of cardiomyocyte autophagy in cardiac hypertrophy requires further study. In this review, we summarize the controversies associated with autophagy in cardiac hypertrophy and provide insights into the role of autophagy in the development of cardiac hypertrophy. We conclude that future studies should emphasize the relationship between autophagy and the different stages of cardiac hypertrophy, as well as the autophagic flux and selective autophagy. Autophagy will be a potential therapeutic target for cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanfang Li
- Post-Doctoral Mobile Stations for Basic Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China Hunan Children's Hospital and School of Pediatrics, University of South China, Changsha 410007, China
| | - Jin Xu
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Learning Key Laboratory for Pharmacoproteomics, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Lu He
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Learning Key Laboratory for Pharmacoproteomics, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Lijun Peng
- Post-Doctoral Mobile Stations for Basic Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China Hunan Children's Hospital and School of Pediatrics, University of South China, Changsha 410007, China
| | - Qiaoqing Zhong
- Post-Doctoral Mobile Stations for Basic Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Linxi Chen
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Learning Key Laboratory for Pharmacoproteomics, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Zhisheng Jiang
- Post-Doctoral Mobile Stations for Basic Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
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22
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Zhang Y, Ren J. Epigenetics and obesity cardiomyopathy: From pathophysiology to prevention and management. Pharmacol Ther 2016; 161:52-66. [PMID: 27013344 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Uncorrected obesity has been associated with cardiac hypertrophy and contractile dysfunction. Several mechanisms for this cardiomyopathy have been identified, including oxidative stress, autophagy, adrenergic and renin-angiotensin aldosterone overflow. Another process that may regulate effects of obesity is epigenetics, which refers to the heritable alterations in gene expression or cellular phenotype that are not encoded on the DNA sequence. Advances in epigenome profiling have greatly improved the understanding of the epigenome in obesity, where environmental exposures during early life result in an increased health risk later on in life. Several mechanisms, including histone modification, DNA methylation and non-coding RNAs, have been reported in obesity and can cause transcriptional suppression or activation, depending on the location within the gene, contributing to obesity-induced complications. Through epigenetic modifications, the fetus may be prone to detrimental insults, leading to cardiac sequelae later in life. Important links between epigenetics and obesity include nutrition, exercise, adiposity, inflammation, insulin sensitivity and hepatic steatosis. Genome-wide studies have identified altered DNA methylation patterns in pancreatic islets, skeletal muscle and adipose tissues from obese subjects compared with non-obese controls. In addition, aging and intrauterine environment are associated with differential DNA methylation. Given the intense research on the molecular mechanisms of the etiology of obesity and its complications, this review will provide insights into the current understanding of epigenetics and pharmacological and non-pharmacological (such as exercise) interventions targeting epigenetics as they relate to treatment of obesity and its complications. Particular focus will be on DNA methylation, histone modification and non-coding RNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingmei Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, WY 82071, USA.
| | - Jun Ren
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, WY 82071, USA.
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23
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Tan VP, Miyamoto S. Nutrient-sensing mTORC1: Integration of metabolic and autophagic signals. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2016; 95:31-41. [PMID: 26773603 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2016.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Revised: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The ability of adult cardiomyocytes to regenerate is limited, and irreversible loss by cell death plays a crucial role in heart diseases. Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved cellular catabolic process through which long-lived proteins and damaged organelles are targeted for lysosomal degradation. Autophagy is important in cardiac homeostasis and can serve as a protective mechanism by providing an energy source, especially in the face of sustained starvation. Cellular metabolism is closely associated with cell survival, and recent evidence suggests that metabolic and autophagic signaling pathways exhibit a high degree of crosstalk and are functionally interdependent. In this review, we discuss recent progress in our understanding of regulation of autophagy and its crosstalk with metabolic signaling, with a focus on the nutrient-sensing mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie P Tan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0636, USA
| | - Shigeki Miyamoto
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0636, USA.
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24
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Sciarretta S, Boppana VS, Umapathi M, Frati G, Sadoshima J. Boosting autophagy in the diabetic heart: a translational perspective. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther 2015; 5:394-402. [PMID: 26543826 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2223-3652.2015.07.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes, obesity, and dyslipidemia are main risk factors that promote the development of cardiovascular diseases. These metabolic abnormalities are frequently found to be associated together in a highly morbid clinical condition called metabolic syndrome. Metabolic derangements promote endothelial dysfunction, atherosclerotic plaque formation and rupture, cardiac remodeling and dysfunction. This evidence strongly encourages the elucidation of the mechanisms through which obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome induce cellular abnormalities and dysfunction in order to discover new therapeutic targets and strategies for their prevention and treatment. Numerous studies employing both dietary and genetic animal models of obesity and diabetes have demonstrated that autophagy, an intracellular system for protein degradation, is impaired in the heart under these conditions. This suggests that autophagy reactivation may represent a future potential therapeutic intervention to reduce cardiac maladaptive alterations in patients with metabolic derangements. In fact, autophagy is a critical mechanism to preserve cellular homeostasis and survival. In addition, the physiological activation of autophagy protects the heart during stress, such as acute ischemia, starvation, chronic myocardial infarction, pressure overload, and proteotoxic stress. All these aspects will be discussed in our review article together with the potential ways to reactivate autophagy in the context of obesity, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiano Sciarretta
- 1 Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103, USA ; 2 IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS) 86077, Italy ; 3 Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Rome "Sapienza", Latina 04100, Italy
| | - V Subbarao Boppana
- 1 Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103, USA ; 2 IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS) 86077, Italy ; 3 Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Rome "Sapienza", Latina 04100, Italy
| | - Mahaa Umapathi
- 1 Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103, USA ; 2 IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS) 86077, Italy ; 3 Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Rome "Sapienza", Latina 04100, Italy
| | - Giacomo Frati
- 1 Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103, USA ; 2 IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS) 86077, Italy ; 3 Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Rome "Sapienza", Latina 04100, Italy
| | - Junichi Sadoshima
- 1 Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103, USA ; 2 IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS) 86077, Italy ; 3 Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Rome "Sapienza", Latina 04100, Italy
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25
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Berberine treatment prevents cardiac dysfunction and remodeling through activation of 5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase in type 2 diabetic rats and in palmitate-induced hypertrophic H9c2 cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 769:55-63. [PMID: 26522928 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Revised: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy is the major cause of death in type 2 diabetic patients. Berberine is an isoquinoline alkaloid extract from traditional chinese herbs and its hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects make it a promising drug for treatment of type 2 diabetes. We examined if berberine improved cardiac function and attenuated cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in high fat diet and streptozotocin induced-type 2 diabetic rats in vivo and reduced expression of hypertrophy markers in palmitate-induced hypertrophic H9c2 cells in vitro. Treatment of diabetic animals with berberine partially improved cardiac function and restored fasting blood insulin, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels to that of control. In addition, berberine treatment of diabetic animals increased cardiac 5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and protein kinase B (AKT) activation and reduced glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β) activation compared to control. Palmitate incubation of H9c2 cells resulted in cellular hypertrophy and decreased expression of alpha-myosin heavy chain (α-MHC) and increased expression of beta-myosin heavy chain (β-MHC) compared to controls. Berberine treatment of palmitate-incubated H9c2 cells reduced hypertrophy, increased α-MHC expression and decreased β-MHC expression. In addition, berberine treatment of palmitate-incubated H9c2 cells increased AMPK and AKT activation and reduced GSK3β activation. The presence of the AMPK inhibitor Compound C attenuated the effects of berberine. The results strongly indicate that berberine treatment may be protective against the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy.
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Görlach A, Dimova EY, Petry A, Martínez-Ruiz A, Hernansanz-Agustín P, Rolo AP, Palmeira CM, Kietzmann T. Reactive oxygen species, nutrition, hypoxia and diseases: Problems solved? Redox Biol 2015; 6:372-385. [PMID: 26339717 PMCID: PMC4565025 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2015.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 245] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Revised: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Within the last twenty years the view on reactive oxygen species (ROS) has changed; they are no longer only considered to be harmful but also necessary for cellular communication and homeostasis in different organisms ranging from bacteria to mammals. In the latter, ROS were shown to modulate diverse physiological processes including the regulation of growth factor signaling, the hypoxic response, inflammation and the immune response. During the last 60–100 years the life style, at least in the Western world, has changed enormously. This became obvious with an increase in caloric intake, decreased energy expenditure as well as the appearance of alcoholism and smoking; These changes were shown to contribute to generation of ROS which are, at least in part, associated with the occurrence of several chronic diseases like adiposity, atherosclerosis, type II diabetes, and cancer. In this review we discuss aspects and problems on the role of intracellular ROS formation and nutrition with the link to diseases and their problematic therapeutical issues. Oxidative stress is linked to overnutrition, obesity and associated diseases or cancer. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are crucially involved in modulation of signaling cascades. NOX proteins and hypoxia contribute to formation of ROS under different nutrient regimes. ROS are powerful post-transcriptional and epigenetic regulators. Treatment of obesity with antioxidants requires more, larger, and better monitored clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes Görlach
- Experimental and Molecular Pediatric Cardiology, German Heart Center Munich, Technical University Munich, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Elitsa Y Dimova
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Andreas Petry
- Experimental and Molecular Pediatric Cardiology, German Heart Center Munich, Technical University Munich, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Antonio Martínez-Ruiz
- Servicio de Immunología, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Hernansanz-Agustín
- Servicio de Immunología, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anabela P Rolo
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra and Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carlos M Palmeira
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra and Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Thomas Kietzmann
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
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Cardiac-Specific Knockout of ETA Receptor Mitigates Paraquat-Induced Cardiac Contractile Dysfunction. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2015; 16:235-43. [DOI: 10.1007/s12012-015-9331-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Zhang Y, Bao M, Dai M, Wang X, He W, Tan T, Lin D, Wang W, Wen Y, Zhang R. Cardiospecific CD36 suppression by lentivirus-mediated RNA interference prevents cardiac hypertrophy and systolic dysfunction in high-fat-diet induced obese mice. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2015; 14:69. [PMID: 26036798 PMCID: PMC4464858 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-015-0234-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Fatty acid (FA) catabolism abnormality has been proved to play an important role in obesity-related cardiomyopathy. We hypothesized that cardiospecific suppression of CD36, the predominant membrane FA transporter, would protect against obesity-related cardiomyopathy. Methods Four-wk-old male C57BL/6 J mice were fed with either high-fat-diet (HFD) or control-normal-diet for 2 wk. Then they were subjected to intramyocardial injection with recombinant lentiviral vectors containing short hairpin RNAs to selectively downregulate the expression of either cardiac CD36 or irrelevant gene by RNA interference. After a 10-wk continuation of the diet, biochemical, functional, morphological, histological, metabolic and molecular profiles were assessed. Results HFD administration elicited obesity, cardiac hypertrophy and systolic dysfunction accompanied with elevated serum levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, fasting serum glucose (FSG), total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride. Additionally, HFD consumption promoted lipid accumulation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in the cardiomyocytes. Cardiospecific CD36 inhibition protected against HFD induced cardiac remodeling by decreasing heart/body weight ratio, increasing left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction and fractional shortening as well as normalizing LV diameter, without influencing body weight gain. Inhibition of cardiac CD36 also mitigated obesity induced alteration in BUN, creatinine and triglyceride, but had no effect on FSG or TC. Moreover, cardiospecific CD36 deficiency corrected myocardial lipid overaccumulation and intracellular ROS overproduction that were induced by HFD feeding. Conclusions Cardiospecific CD36 inhibition protects against the aggravation of cardiac functional and morphological changes associated with HFD induced obesity. CD36 represents a potential therapeutic target for obesity cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijie Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Wuhan University, Renmin Hospital, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Peoples Republic of China. .,Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Peoples Republic of China. .,Central Laboratory of Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Peoples Republic of China.
| | - Mingwei Bao
- Department of Cardiology, Wuhan University, Renmin Hospital, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Peoples Republic of China. .,Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Peoples Republic of China.
| | - Mingyan Dai
- Department of Cardiology, Wuhan University, Renmin Hospital, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Peoples Republic of China. .,Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Peoples Republic of China.
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Wuhan University, Renmin Hospital, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Peoples Republic of China. .,Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Peoples Republic of China.
| | - Wenbo He
- Department of Cardiology, Wuhan University, Renmin Hospital, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Peoples Republic of China. .,Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Peoples Republic of China.
| | - Tuantuan Tan
- Department of Ultrasonography, Wuhan University, Renmin Hospital, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Peoples Republic of China.
| | - Dandan Lin
- Department of Oncology, Wuhan University, Renmin Hospital, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Peoples Republic of China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Wuhan University, Renmin Hospital, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Peoples Republic of China.
| | - Ying Wen
- Department of Cardiology, Wuhan University, Renmin Hospital, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Peoples Republic of China. .,Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Peoples Republic of China.
| | - Rui Zhang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Peoples Republic of China.
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Ren J, Zhang Y. Emerging potential of therapeutic targeting of autophagy and protein quality control in the management of cardiometabolic diseases. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2015; 1852:185-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2014.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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