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Senwitz C, Butscher D, Holtmann L, Vogel M, Steudtner R, Drobot B, Stumpf T, Barkleit A, Heller A. Effect of Ba(II), Eu(III), and U(VI) on rat NRK-52E and human HEK-293 kidney cells in vitro. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 923:171374. [PMID: 38432374 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Heavy metals pose a potential health risk to humans when they enter the organism. Renal excretion is one of the elimination pathways and, therefore, investigations with kidney cells are of particular interest. In the present study, the effects of Ba(II), Eu(III), and U(VI) on rat and human renal cells were investigated in vitro. A combination of microscopic, biochemical, analytical, and spectroscopic methods was used to assess cell viability, cell death mechanisms, and intracellular metal uptake of exposed cells as well as metal speciation in cell culture medium and inside cells. For Eu(III) and U(VI), cytotoxicity and intracellular uptake are positively correlated and depend on concentration and exposure time. An enhanced apoptosis occurs upon Eu(III) exposure whereas U(VI) exposure leads to enhanced apoptosis and (secondary) necrosis. In contrast to that, Ba(II) exhibits no cytotoxic effect at all and its intracellular uptake is time-independently very low. In general, both cell lines give similar results with rat cells being more sensitive than human cells. The dominant binding motifs of Eu(III) in cell culture medium as well as cell suspensions are (organo-) phosphate groups. Additionally, a protein complex is formed in medium at low Eu(III) concentration. In contrast, U(VI) forms a carbonate complex in cell culture medium as well as each one phosphate and carbonate complex in cell suspensions. Using chemical microscopy, Eu(III) was localized in granular, vesicular compartments near the nucleus and the intracellular Eu(III) species equals the one in cell suspensions. Overall, this study contributes to a better understanding of the interactions of Ba(II), Eu(III), and U(VI) on a cellular and molecular level. Since Ba(II) and Eu(III) serve as inactive analogs of the radioactive Ra(II) and Am(III)/Cm(III), the results of this study are also of importance for the health risk assessment of these radionuclides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Senwitz
- Technische Universität Dresden, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Professorship of Radiochemistry/Radioecology, 01062 Dresden, Germany; Technische Universität Dresden, SG 4.6 Radiation Protection, Central Radionuclide Laboratory, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Daniel Butscher
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Linus Holtmann
- Leibniz Universität Hannover, Institute of Radioecology and Radiation Protection, 30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Manja Vogel
- VKTA - Strahlenschutz, Analytik & Entsorgung Rossendorf e.V, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Robin Steudtner
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Björn Drobot
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Thorsten Stumpf
- Technische Universität Dresden, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Professorship of Radiochemistry/Radioecology, 01062 Dresden, Germany; Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Astrid Barkleit
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Anne Heller
- Technische Universität Dresden, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Professorship of Radiochemistry/Radioecology, 01062 Dresden, Germany; Technische Universität Dresden, SG 4.6 Radiation Protection, Central Radionuclide Laboratory, 01062 Dresden, Germany.
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Zhao W, Xu P, Ma Y, Song Y, Wang Y, Zhang P, Li B, Zhang Y, Li J, Wu S. Old trees bloom new flowers, lysosome targeted near-infrared fluorescent probe for ratiometric sensing of hypobromous acid in vitro and in vivo based on Nile red skeleton. Bioorg Chem 2024; 143:107031. [PMID: 38086242 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.107031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Hypobromous acid (HOBr), one of the significant reactive oxygen species (ROS) that acts as an important role in human immune system, however the increasing level of HOBr in human body can cause the disorder of eosinophils (EPO), leading to oxidative stress in organelles, and further causing a series of diseases. In this study, a ratiometric fluorescent probe DMBP based on Nile red skeleton was developed to detect HOBr specifically by the electrophilic substitution with HOBr. DMBP emits near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence at 653 nm, after reacting with HOBr, the emission wavelength of DMBP shifted blue and a new peak appeared at 520 nm, realizing a ratiometric examination of HOBr with a limit of detection of 89.00 nM. Based on its sensitive and specific response to HOBr, DMBP was applied in the visual imaging of HOBr in HepG2 cells and zebrafish. Foremost, probe DMBP has excellent lysosome targeting ability and NIR emission reduced the background interference of biological tissues, providing a potential analytical tool to further investigate the role of HOBr in lysosome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanqing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, Northwest University, 229 Taibai Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, PR China
| | - Pengyue Xu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, Northwest University, 229 Taibai Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, PR China
| | - Yixuan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, Northwest University, 229 Taibai Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, PR China
| | - Yiming Song
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, 229 Taibai Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, PR China.
| | - Yihang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, Northwest University, 229 Taibai Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, PR China
| | - Panpan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, Northwest University, 229 Taibai Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, PR China
| | - Bin Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, Northwest University, 229 Taibai Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, PR China
| | - Yongmin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, Northwest University, 229 Taibai Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, PR China; Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR 8232, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Jianli Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, PR China
| | - Shaoping Wu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, Northwest University, 229 Taibai Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, PR China.
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Deng W, Wang Z, Jia Z, Liu F, Wu J, Yang J, An S, Yu Y, Han Y, Zhao R, Li X. Cardiac T1ρ Mapping Values Affected by Age and Sex in a Healthy Chinese Cohort. J Magn Reson Imaging 2024. [PMID: 38168067 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.29196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To facilitate the clinical use of cardiac T1ρ, it is important to understand the impact of age and sex on T1ρ values of the myocardium. PURPOSE To investigate the impact of age and gender on myocardial T1ρ values. STUDY TYPE Cross-sectional. POPULATION Two hundred ten healthy Han Chinese volunteers without cardiovascular risk factors (85 males, mean age 34.4 ± 12.5 years; 125 females, mean age 37.9 ± 14.8 years). FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE 1.5 T; T1ρ-prepared steady-state free precession (T1ρ mapping) sequence. ASSESSMENT Basal, mid, and apical short-axis left ventricular T1ρ maps were acquired. T1ρ maps acquired with spin-lock frequencies of 5 and 400 Hz were subtracted to create a myocardial fibrosis index (mFI) map. T1ρ and mFI values across different age decades, sex, and slice locations were compared. STATISTICAL TESTS Shapiro-Wilk test, Student's t test, Mann-Whitney U test, linear regression analysis, one-way analysis of variance and intraclass correlation coefficient. SIGNIFICANCE P value <0.05. RESULTS Women had significantly higher T1ρ and mFI values than men (50.3 ± 2.0 msec vs. 47.7 ± 2.4 msec and 4.7 ± 1.0 msec vs. 4.3 ± 1.1 msec, respectively). Additionally, in males and females combined, there was a significant positive but weak correlation between T1ρ values and age (r = 0.27), while no correlation was observed between the mFI values and age (P = 0.969). DATA CONCLUSION We report potential reference values for cardiac T1ρ by sex, age distribution, and slice location in a Chinese population. T1ρ was significantly correlated with age and sex, while mFI was only associated with sex. EVIDENCE LEVEL 2 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Deng
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province Clinical Image Quality Control Center, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province Clinical Image Quality Control Center, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhuoran Jia
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jinxiu Yang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province Clinical Image Quality Control Center, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Shutian An
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province Clinical Image Quality Control Center, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yongqiang Yu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province Clinical Image Quality Control Center, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yuchi Han
- Cardiovascular Division, Wexner Medical Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Ren Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaohu Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province Clinical Image Quality Control Center, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Różanowska MB. Lipofuscin, Its Origin, Properties, and Contribution to Retinal Fluorescence as a Potential Biomarker of Oxidative Damage to the Retina. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2111. [PMID: 38136230 PMCID: PMC10740933 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipofuscin accumulates with age as intracellular fluorescent granules originating from incomplete lysosomal digestion of phagocytosed and autophagocytosed material. The purpose of this review is to provide an update on the current understanding of the role of oxidative stress and/or lysosomal dysfunction in lipofuscin accumulation and its consequences, particularly for retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). Next, the fluorescence of lipofuscin, spectral changes induced by oxidation, and its contribution to retinal fluorescence are discussed. This is followed by reviewing recent developments in fluorescence imaging of the retina and the current evidence on the prognostic value of retinal fluorescence for the progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the major blinding disease affecting elderly people in developed countries. The evidence of lipofuscin oxidation in vivo and the evidence of increased oxidative damage in AMD retina ex vivo lead to the conclusion that imaging of spectral characteristics of lipofuscin fluorescence may serve as a useful biomarker of oxidative damage, which can be helpful in assessing the efficacy of potential antioxidant therapies in retinal degenerations associated with accumulation of lipofuscin and increased oxidative stress. Finally, amendments to currently used fluorescence imaging instruments are suggested to be more sensitive and specific for imaging spectral characteristics of lipofuscin fluorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata B. Różanowska
- School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Maindy Road, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, Wales, UK;
- Cardiff Institute for Tissue Engineering and Repair (CITER), Redwood Building, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff CF10 3NB, Wales, UK
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Álvarez-Córdoba M, Talaverón-Rey M, Povea-Cabello S, Cilleros-Holgado P, Gómez-Fernández D, Piñero-Pérez R, Reche-López D, Munuera-Cabeza M, Suárez-Carrillo A, Romero-González A, Romero-Domínguez JM, López-Cabrera A, Armengol JÁ, Sánchez-Alcázar JA. Patient-Derived Cellular Models for Polytarget Precision Medicine in Pantothenate Kinase-Associated Neurodegeneration. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1359. [PMID: 37895830 PMCID: PMC10609847 DOI: 10.3390/ph16101359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The term neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA) brings together a broad set of progressive and disabling neurological genetic disorders in which iron is deposited preferentially in certain areas of the brain. Among NBIA disorders, the most frequent subtype is pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration (PKAN) caused by pathologic variants in the PANK2 gene codifying the enzyme pantothenate kinase 2 (PANK2). To date, there are no effective treatments to stop the progression of these diseases. This review discusses the utility of patient-derived cell models as a valuable tool for the identification of pharmacological or natural compounds for implementing polytarget precision medicine in PKAN. Recently, several studies have described that PKAN patient-derived fibroblasts present the main pathological features associated with the disease including intracellular iron overload. Interestingly, treatment of mutant cell cultures with various supplements such as pantothenate, pantethine, vitamin E, omega 3, α-lipoic acid L-carnitine or thiamine, improved all pathophysiological alterations in PKAN fibroblasts with residual expression of the PANK2 enzyme. The information provided by pharmacological screenings in patient-derived cellular models can help optimize therapeutic strategies in individual PKAN patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Álvarez-Córdoba
- Andalusian Centre for Developmental Biology (CABD-CSIC-Pablo de Olavide University), 41013 Seville, Spain; (M.Á.-C.); (M.T.-R.); (S.P.-C.); (P.C.-H.); (D.G.-F.); (R.P.-P.); (D.R.-L.); (M.M.-C.); (A.S.-C.); (A.R.-G.); (J.M.R.-D.); (A.L.-C.)
| | - Marta Talaverón-Rey
- Andalusian Centre for Developmental Biology (CABD-CSIC-Pablo de Olavide University), 41013 Seville, Spain; (M.Á.-C.); (M.T.-R.); (S.P.-C.); (P.C.-H.); (D.G.-F.); (R.P.-P.); (D.R.-L.); (M.M.-C.); (A.S.-C.); (A.R.-G.); (J.M.R.-D.); (A.L.-C.)
| | - Suleva Povea-Cabello
- Andalusian Centre for Developmental Biology (CABD-CSIC-Pablo de Olavide University), 41013 Seville, Spain; (M.Á.-C.); (M.T.-R.); (S.P.-C.); (P.C.-H.); (D.G.-F.); (R.P.-P.); (D.R.-L.); (M.M.-C.); (A.S.-C.); (A.R.-G.); (J.M.R.-D.); (A.L.-C.)
| | - Paula Cilleros-Holgado
- Andalusian Centre for Developmental Biology (CABD-CSIC-Pablo de Olavide University), 41013 Seville, Spain; (M.Á.-C.); (M.T.-R.); (S.P.-C.); (P.C.-H.); (D.G.-F.); (R.P.-P.); (D.R.-L.); (M.M.-C.); (A.S.-C.); (A.R.-G.); (J.M.R.-D.); (A.L.-C.)
| | - David Gómez-Fernández
- Andalusian Centre for Developmental Biology (CABD-CSIC-Pablo de Olavide University), 41013 Seville, Spain; (M.Á.-C.); (M.T.-R.); (S.P.-C.); (P.C.-H.); (D.G.-F.); (R.P.-P.); (D.R.-L.); (M.M.-C.); (A.S.-C.); (A.R.-G.); (J.M.R.-D.); (A.L.-C.)
| | - Rocío Piñero-Pérez
- Andalusian Centre for Developmental Biology (CABD-CSIC-Pablo de Olavide University), 41013 Seville, Spain; (M.Á.-C.); (M.T.-R.); (S.P.-C.); (P.C.-H.); (D.G.-F.); (R.P.-P.); (D.R.-L.); (M.M.-C.); (A.S.-C.); (A.R.-G.); (J.M.R.-D.); (A.L.-C.)
| | - Diana Reche-López
- Andalusian Centre for Developmental Biology (CABD-CSIC-Pablo de Olavide University), 41013 Seville, Spain; (M.Á.-C.); (M.T.-R.); (S.P.-C.); (P.C.-H.); (D.G.-F.); (R.P.-P.); (D.R.-L.); (M.M.-C.); (A.S.-C.); (A.R.-G.); (J.M.R.-D.); (A.L.-C.)
| | - Manuel Munuera-Cabeza
- Andalusian Centre for Developmental Biology (CABD-CSIC-Pablo de Olavide University), 41013 Seville, Spain; (M.Á.-C.); (M.T.-R.); (S.P.-C.); (P.C.-H.); (D.G.-F.); (R.P.-P.); (D.R.-L.); (M.M.-C.); (A.S.-C.); (A.R.-G.); (J.M.R.-D.); (A.L.-C.)
| | - Alejandra Suárez-Carrillo
- Andalusian Centre for Developmental Biology (CABD-CSIC-Pablo de Olavide University), 41013 Seville, Spain; (M.Á.-C.); (M.T.-R.); (S.P.-C.); (P.C.-H.); (D.G.-F.); (R.P.-P.); (D.R.-L.); (M.M.-C.); (A.S.-C.); (A.R.-G.); (J.M.R.-D.); (A.L.-C.)
| | - Ana Romero-González
- Andalusian Centre for Developmental Biology (CABD-CSIC-Pablo de Olavide University), 41013 Seville, Spain; (M.Á.-C.); (M.T.-R.); (S.P.-C.); (P.C.-H.); (D.G.-F.); (R.P.-P.); (D.R.-L.); (M.M.-C.); (A.S.-C.); (A.R.-G.); (J.M.R.-D.); (A.L.-C.)
| | - Jose Manuel Romero-Domínguez
- Andalusian Centre for Developmental Biology (CABD-CSIC-Pablo de Olavide University), 41013 Seville, Spain; (M.Á.-C.); (M.T.-R.); (S.P.-C.); (P.C.-H.); (D.G.-F.); (R.P.-P.); (D.R.-L.); (M.M.-C.); (A.S.-C.); (A.R.-G.); (J.M.R.-D.); (A.L.-C.)
| | - Alejandra López-Cabrera
- Andalusian Centre for Developmental Biology (CABD-CSIC-Pablo de Olavide University), 41013 Seville, Spain; (M.Á.-C.); (M.T.-R.); (S.P.-C.); (P.C.-H.); (D.G.-F.); (R.P.-P.); (D.R.-L.); (M.M.-C.); (A.S.-C.); (A.R.-G.); (J.M.R.-D.); (A.L.-C.)
| | - José Ángel Armengol
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cellular Biology, Pablo de Olavide University, 41013 Seville, Spain;
| | - José Antonio Sánchez-Alcázar
- Andalusian Centre for Developmental Biology (CABD-CSIC-Pablo de Olavide University), 41013 Seville, Spain; (M.Á.-C.); (M.T.-R.); (S.P.-C.); (P.C.-H.); (D.G.-F.); (R.P.-P.); (D.R.-L.); (M.M.-C.); (A.S.-C.); (A.R.-G.); (J.M.R.-D.); (A.L.-C.)
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Hider RC, Pourzand C, Ma Y, Cilibrizzi A. Optical Imaging Opportunities to Inspect the Nature of Cytosolic Iron Pools. Molecules 2023; 28:6467. [PMID: 37764245 PMCID: PMC10537325 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The chemical nature of intracellular labile iron pools (LIPs) is described. By virtue of the kinetic lability of these pools, it is suggested that the isolation of such species by chromatography methods will not be possible, but rather mass spectrometric techniques should be adopted. Iron-sensitive fluorescent probes, which have been developed for the detection and quantification of LIP, are described, including those specifically designed to monitor cytosolic, mitochondrial, and lysosomal LIPs. The potential of near-infrared (NIR) probes for in vivo monitoring of LIP is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Charles Hider
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King’s College London, London SE1 9NH, UK
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK;
| | - Charareh Pourzand
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK;
- Centre for Therapeutic Innovation, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
- Centre for Bioengineering and Biomedical Technologies, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Yongmin Ma
- Institute of Advanced Studies, School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Taizhou University, 1139 Shifu Avenue, Taizhou 318000, China;
| | - Agostino Cilibrizzi
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King’s College London, London SE1 9NH, UK
- Centre for Therapeutic Innovation, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
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He X, Li X, Tian W, Li C, Li P, Zhao J, Yang S, Li S. The role of redox-mediated lysosomal dysfunction and therapeutic strategies. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115121. [PMID: 37418979 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Redox homeostasis refers to the dynamic equilibrium between oxidant and reducing agent in the body which plays a crucial role in maintaining normal physiological activities of the body. The imbalance of redox homeostasis can lead to the development of various human diseases. Lysosomes regulate the degradation of cellular proteins and play an important role in influencing cell function and fate, and lysosomal dysfunction is closely associated with the development of various diseases. In addition, several studies have shown that redox homeostasis plays a direct or indirect role in regulating lysosomes. Therefore, this paper systematically reviews the role and mechanisms of redox homeostasis in the regulation of lysosomal function. Therapeutic strategies based on the regulation of redox exerted to disrupt or restore lysosomal function are further discussed. Uncovering the role of redox in the regulation of lysosomes helps to point new directions for the treatment of many human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng He
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xuening Li
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Tian
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Chenyu Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jingyuan Zhao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
| | - Shilei Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
| | - Shuai Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
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Wang X, Zhang M, Mao C, Zhang C, Ma W, Tang J, Xiang D, Qi X. Icariin alleviates ferroptosis-related atherosclerosis by promoting autophagy in xo-LDL-induced vascular endothelial cell injury and atherosclerotic mice. Phytother Res 2023; 37:3951-3963. [PMID: 37344941 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial cells (VECs) are located between the blood plasma and the vascular tissue, and the ferroptosis (iron-dependent programmed cell death) of VECs can lead to a range of cardiovascular diseases. Icariin is the main active ingredient of Epimedium brevicornum Maxim., which can improve endothelial cell dysfunction. In the present study, the protective effects of icariin on oxidised low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-treated VECs and high-fat diet-fed Apolipoprotein E-deficient mice were investigated. Inflammatory fibrosis in tissues and inflammatory factors in serum and cell supernatants were detected, and mitochondrial membrane potential and the expression levels of ferroptosis-associated proteins were also detected. The results revealed that icariin reduced the endothelial atherosclerotic plaque area and collagen fibres in aortic sinus tissue, and increased the viability and mitochondrial membrane potential, whereas it reduced the reactive oxygen species levels of VECs. The nucleation of transcription factor EB (TFEB) and subsequent autophagy were negatively associated with ferroptosis in endothelial cells, and the more prominent the autophagy, the lower the levels of ferroptosis. Furthermore, by co-treating the cells with icariin and the two autophagy inhibitors, Bafilomycin A1 (blocking autophagosome and lysosome fusion) and 3-methyladenine (blocking autophagosome formation), respectively, the promoting effects of icariin on autophagy were found to be mediated through the process of autophagosome-lysosome fusion. In in vivo experiments, icariin reduced ferroptosis, alleviated atherosclerotic lesions and increased the rate of TFEB nucleation. Additionally, it was found that ARG304, THR308 and GLN311 were the optimal binding sites for the interaction between icariin and TFEB. Taken together, these results suggest that the fusion of autophagosomes and lysosomes promoted by icarrin enhances autophagy and thus reduces ferroptosis. Therefore, icariin may be a potential candidate for the prevention of ferroptosis of VECs and, thus, for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xindong Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Chenhan Mao
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Chengbo Zhang
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenqi Ma
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiahui Tang
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Dongyang Xiang
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiaoxia Qi
- Science and Technology Department, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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9
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Chen X, Jiang D, Jiang C, Yao C. A novel near-infrared ratiometric fluorescent probe targeting lysosomes for imaging HOCl in vitro and in vivo. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 286:121966. [PMID: 36252305 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Hypochlorous acid (HOCl), as an important biological reactive oxygen species (ROS), plays an important role in microbial immune defense and inflammatory response. Abnormal levels of HOCl in lysosomes can cause lysosomal membrane rupture and release of various hydrolases, leading to a variety of diseases, including cancer. In order to better monitor the level of HOCl in lysosomes, phenothiazine was chosen as fluorophore to construct a NIR fluorescent probe PMM with intramolecular change transfer process (ICT). PMM is a colorimetric and ratiometric fluorescent probe, which has high sensitivity with a low detection limit (20 nM), high selectivity and anti-interference. PMM has good stability in the weakly acidic environment of pH 4.0-5.5. PPM has good localization ability for lysosomes and has been successfully used for fluorescence imaging of exogenous and endogenous HOCl in HepG2 cells. Moreover, nude mouse imaging also demonstrated that PMM could be used to detect HOCl in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Chen
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China.
| | - Detao Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China.
| | - Chen Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China.
| | - Cheng Yao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China.
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10
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Lysosomes as a Target of Anticancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032176. [PMID: 36768500 PMCID: PMC9916765 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysosomes are organelles containing acidic hydrolases that are responsible for lysosomal degradation and the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. They play an important role in autophagy, as well as in various cell death pathways, such as lysosomal and apoptotic death. Various agents, including drugs, can induce lysosomal membrane permeability, resulting in the translocation of acidic hydrolases into the cytoplasm, which promotes lysosomal-mediated death. This type of death may be of great importance in anti-cancer therapy, as both cancer cells with disturbed pathways leading to apoptosis and drug-resistant cells can undergo it. Important compounds that damage the lysosomal membrane include lysosomotropic compounds, antihistamines, immunosuppressants, DNA-damaging drugs, chemotherapeutics, photosensitizers and various plant compounds. An interesting approach in the treatment of cancer and the search for ways to overcome the chemoresistance of cancer cells may also be combining lysosomotropic compounds with targeted modulators of autophagy to induce cell death. These compounds may be an alternative in oncological treatment, and lysosomes may become a promising therapeutic target for many diseases, including cancer. Understanding the functional relationships between autophagy and apoptosis and the possibilities of their regulation, both in relation to normal and cancer cells, can be used to develop new and more effective anticancer therapies.
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11
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Oxidative-Stress-Associated Proteostasis Disturbances and Increased DNA Damage in the Hippocampal Granule Cells of the Ts65Dn Model of Down Syndrome. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122438. [PMID: 36552646 PMCID: PMC9774833 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) is one of the neuropathological mechanisms responsible for the deficits in cognition and neuronal function in Down syndrome (DS). The Ts65Dn (TS) mouse replicates multiple DS phenotypes including hippocampal-dependent learning and memory deficits and similar brain oxidative status. To better understand the hippocampal oxidative profile in the adult TS mouse, we analyzed cellular OS-associated alterations in hippocampal granule cells (GCs), a neuronal population that plays an important role in memory formation and that is particularly affected in DS. For this purpose, we used biochemical, molecular, immunohistochemical, and electron microscopy techniques. Our results indicate that TS GCs show important OS-associated alterations in the systems essential for neuronal homeostasis: DNA damage response and proteostasis, particularly of the proteasome and lysosomal system. Specifically, TS GCs showed: (i) increased DNA damage, (ii) reorganization of nuclear proteolytic factories accompanied by a decline in proteasome activity and cytoplasmic aggregation of ubiquitinated proteins, (iii) formation of lysosomal-related structures containing lipid droplets of cytotoxic peroxidation products, and (iv) mitochondrial ultrastructural defects. These alterations could be implicated in enhanced cellular senescence, accelerated aging and neurodegeneration, and the early development of Alzheimer's disease neuropathology present in TS mice and the DS population.
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12
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Painefilú JC, González C, Cárcamo JG, Bianchi VA, Luquet CM. Microcystin-LR modulates multixenobiotic resistance proteins in the middle intestine of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2022; 253:106327. [PMID: 36274501 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2022.106327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Global climate change favors explosive population growth events (blooms) of phytoplanktonic species, often producing toxic products, e.g., several genera of cyanobacteria synthesize a family of cyanotoxins called microcystins (MCs). Freshwater fish such as the rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss can uptake MCs accumulated in the food chain. We studied the toxic effects and modulation of the activity and expression of multixenobiotic resistance proteins (ABCC transporters and the enzyme glutathione S-transferase (GST) in the O. mykiss middle intestine by microcystin-LR (MCLR). Juvenile fish were fed with MCLR incorporated in the food every 12 h and euthanized at 12, 24, or 48 h. We estimated the ABCC-mediated transport in ex vivo intestinal strips to estimate ABCC-mediated transport activity. We measured total and reduced (GSH) glutathione contents and GST and glutathione reductase (GR) activities. We studied MCLR cytotoxicity by measuring protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) activity and lysosomal membrane stability. Finally, we examined the relationship between ROS production and lysosomal membrane stability through in vitro experiments. Dietary MCLR had a time-dependent effect on ABCC-mediated transport, from inhibition at 12 h to a significant increase after 48 h. GST activity decreased only at 12 h, and GR activity only increased at 48 h. There were no effects on GSH or total glutathione contents. MCLR inhibited PP1 activity and diminished the lysosomal membrane stability at the three experimental times. In the in vitro study, the lysosomal membrane stability decreased in a concentration-dependent fashion from 0 to 5 µmol L - 1 MCLR, while ROS production increased only at 5 µmol L - 1 MCLR. MCLR did not affect mRNA expression of abcc2 or gst-π. We conclude that MCLR modulates ABCC-mediated transport activity in O. mykiss's middle intestine in a time-dependent manner. The transport rate increase does not impair MCLR cytotoxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio C Painefilú
- Laboratorio de Ictiología y Acuicultura Experimental, IPATEC (CONICET-UNCo). Quintral 1250. San Carlos de Bariloche, 8400, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Carolina González
- Agua y Saneamientos Argentinos, Tucumán 752, 1049 Buenos Aires, Argentina; Laboratorio de Limnología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, UBA, Argentina
| | - Juan G Cárcamo
- Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Campus Isla Teja, Valdivia, Chile; Centro FONDAP, Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), Chile
| | - Virginia A Bianchi
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología Acuática, Subsede INIBIOMA-CEAN (CONICET-UNCo). Ruta provincial 61, km 3, Junín de los Andes, 8371 Neuquén, Argentina
| | - Carlos M Luquet
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología Acuática, Subsede INIBIOMA-CEAN (CONICET-UNCo). Ruta provincial 61, km 3, Junín de los Andes, 8371 Neuquén, Argentina.
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13
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Zamyatnin AA, Gregory LC, Townsend PA, Soond SM. Beyond basic research: the contribution of cathepsin B to cancer development, diagnosis and therapy. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2022; 26:963-977. [PMID: 36562407 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2022.2161888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In view of other candidate proteins from the cathepsin family of proteases holding great potential in being targeted during cancer therapy, the importance of Cathepsin B (CtsB) stands out as being truly exceptional. Based on its contribution to oncogenesis, its intimate connection with regulating apoptosis and modulating extracellular and intracellular functions through its secretion or compartmentalized subcellular localization, collectively highlight its complex molecular involvement with a myriad of normal and pathological regulatory processes. Despite its complex functional nature, CtsB is emerging as one of the few cathepsin proteases that has been extensively researched to yield tangible outcomes for cancer therapy. AREAS COVERED In this article, we review the scientific literature that has justified or shaped the importance of CtsB expression in cancer progression, from the perspective of highlighting a paradigm that is rapidly changing from basic research toward a broader clinical and translational context. EXPERT OPINION In doing so, we detail its maturation as a diagnostic marker through describing the development of CtsB-specific Activity-Based Probes, the rapid evolution of these toward a new generation of Prodrugs, and the evaluation of these in model systems for their therapeutic potential as anti-cancer agents in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey A Zamyatnin
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.,Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation.,Department of Biotechnology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi, Russia.,Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Levy C Gregory
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Paul A Townsend
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.,Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Surinder M Soond
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.,Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
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14
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Marcolongo-Pereira C, Castro FCDAQ, Barcelos RM, Chiepe KCMB, Rossoni Junior JV, Ambrosio RP, Chiarelli-Neto O, Pesarico AP. Neurobiological mechanisms of mood disorders: Stress vulnerability and resilience. Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 16:1006836. [PMID: 36386785 PMCID: PMC9650072 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.1006836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress is an important factor in the development of several human pathologies. The response of rodents and humans to stress depends on many factors; some people and rodents develop stress-related mood disorders, such as depression and anxiety in humans, depression-like and anxiety-like behavior in mice and rats, while others report no new psychological symptoms in response to chronic or acute stress, and are considered susceptible and resilient to stress, respectively. Resilience is defined as the ability to thrive in the face of adversity and is a learned process that can help protect against occupational stressors and mental illnesses. There is growing interest in the underlying mechanisms involved in resilience and vulnerability to depression caused by stress, and some studies have demonstrated that individual variability in the way animals and humans respond to stress depends on several mechanisms, such as oxidative stress, neuronal plasticity, immunology and genetic factors, among others not discussed in this review, this review provides a general overview about this mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clairton Marcolongo-Pereira
- Coordenadoria de Pesquisa, Pós-Graduação e Extensão (CEPEG), Centro Universitário do Espírito Santo (UNESC), Colatina, Brazil
| | | | - Rafael Mazioli Barcelos
- Coordenadoria de Pesquisa, Pós-Graduação e Extensão (CEPEG), Centro Universitário do Espírito Santo (UNESC), Colatina, Brazil
| | | | - Joamyr Victor Rossoni Junior
- Coordenadoria de Pesquisa, Pós-Graduação e Extensão (CEPEG), Centro Universitário do Espírito Santo (UNESC), Colatina, Brazil
| | - Roberta Passamani Ambrosio
- Coordenadoria de Pesquisa, Pós-Graduação e Extensão (CEPEG), Centro Universitário do Espírito Santo (UNESC), Colatina, Brazil
| | - Orlando Chiarelli-Neto
- Coordenadoria de Pesquisa, Pós-Graduação e Extensão (CEPEG), Centro Universitário do Espírito Santo (UNESC), Colatina, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Pesarico
- Curso de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Pampa (Unipampa), Bagé, Brazil
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15
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Effect of Dried Apple Pomace (DAP) as a Feed Additive on Antioxidant System in the Rumen Fluid. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810475. [PMID: 36142387 PMCID: PMC9499518 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to evaluate the effect of dried apple pomace (DAP) as a feed additive on the enzymatic activity and non-enzymatic compounds belonging to the antioxidant system in cattle rumen fluid. The experiment included 4 Polish Holstein−Friesian cannulated dairy cows and lasted 52 days. The control group was fed with the standard diet, while in the experimental group, 6% of the feedstuff was replaced by dried apple pomace. After the feeding period, ruminal fluid was collected. The spectrophotometric technique for the activity of lysosomal enzymes, the content of vitamin C, polyphenols, and the potential to scavenge the free DPPH radical was used. The enzyme immunoassay tests (ELISA) were used to establish the activity of antioxidants enzymes and MDA. Among the rumen aminopeptidases, a significant reduction (p < 0.01) from 164.00 to 142.00 was observed for leucyl-aminopeptidase. The activity of glycosidases was decreased for HEX (from 231.00 to 194.00) and β-Glu (from 1294.00 to 1136.00), while a significant statistically increase was noticed for BGRD (from 31.10 to 42.40), α-Glu (from 245.00 to 327.00), and MAN (from 29.70 to 36.70). Furthermore, the activity of catalase and GSH (p < 0.01) was inhibited. In turn, the level of vitamin C (from 22.90 to 24.10) and MDA (from 0.36 to 0.45) was statistically higher (p < 0.01). The most positive correlations were observed between AlaAP and LeuAP (r = 0.897) in the aminopeptidases group and between β-Gal and MAN (r = 0.880) in the glycosidases group. Furthermore, one of the most significant correlations were perceived between SOD and AlaAP (r = 0.505) and AcP (r = 0.450). The most negative correlation was noticed between α-Gal and DPPH (r = −0.533) based on these observations. Apple pomace as a feed additive has an influence on lysosomal degradation processes and modifies oxidation−reduction potential in the rumen fluid. Polyphenols and other low-weight antioxidant compounds are sufficient to maintain redox balance in the rumen.
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16
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Zhu H, Jia P, Wang X, Tian Y, Liu C, Li X, Wang K, Li P, Zhu B, Tang B. In Situ Observation of Lysosomal Hypobromous Acid Fluctuations in the Brain of Mice with Depression Phenotypes by Two-Photon Fluorescence Imaging. Anal Chem 2022; 94:11783-11790. [PMID: 35979623 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c01884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Excessive oxidative stress is the main cause of neurotransmitter metabolism disorder in the brain with depression. Lysosomal hypobromic acid (HOBr) is an important reactive oxygen species produced in oxidative stress. Its abnormal content can lead to macromolecular damage and neurodegenerative diseases. However, due to the high reactivity and low concentration of HOBr and the lack of in situ imaging methods, the role of HOBr in depression is not clear. Herein, based on the HOBr-initiated aromatic substitution of a tertiary amine, we developed a novel two-photon (TP) fluorescence probe (NH-HOBr) for real-time visual monitoring of trace HOBr in living systems. NH-HOBr introduces N-(2-aminoethyl)-morpholine as a new recognition receptor for HOBr and a targeting group for lysosomes. It not only has excellent selectivity compared with other biomolecules (including hypochlorous acid), fast response (≤5 s) and high sensitivity (LOD = 15 nM) but also realizes sensitive detection of HOBr in cells, zebrafish, and mice tissues. It is worth noting that the in situ TP fluorescence imaging of mouse brain reveals the positive correlation between HOBr content and depression phenotype for the first time, providing strong direct evidence for the relationship between oxidative stress and depression. This work can provide reference to further study depression and the pathological mechanism of HOBr. In addition, HOBr-initiated aromatic substitution of a tertiary amine provides a new idea for the construction of specific and sensitive HOBr probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanchuang Zhu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China.,School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Pan Jia
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Ying Tian
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Caiyun Liu
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Xiwei Li
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Kun Wang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Ping Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Baocun Zhu
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Bo Tang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
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17
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Berg AL, Rowson-Hodel A, Wheeler MR, Hu M, Free SR, Carraway KL. Engaging the Lysosome and Lysosome-Dependent Cell Death in Cancer. Breast Cancer 2022. [DOI: 10.36255/exon-publications-breast-cancer-lysosome] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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18
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Ferroptosis in viral infection: the unexplored possibility. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:1905-1915. [PMID: 34873317 PMCID: PMC8646346 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00814-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Virus-induced cell death has long been thought of as a double-edged sword in the inhibition or exacerbation of viral infections. The vital role of iron, an essential element for various enzymes in the maintenance of cellular physiology and efficient viral replication, places it at the crossroads and makes it a micronutrient of competition between the viruses and the host. Viruses can interrupt iron uptake and the antioxidant response system, while others can utilize iron transporter proteins as receptors. Interestingly, the unavailability of iron facilitates certain viral infections and causes cell death characterized by lipid peroxide accumulation and malfunction of the antioxidant system. In this review, we discuss how iron uptake, regulation and metabolism, including the redistribution of iron in the host defense system during viral infection, can induce ferroptosis. Fenton reactions, a central characteristic of ferroptosis, are caused by the increased iron content in the cell. Therefore, viral infections that increase cellular iron content or intestinal iron absorption are likely to cause ferroptosis. In addition, we discuss the hijacking of the iron regulatoy pathway and the antioxidant response, both of which are typical in viral infections. Understanding the potential signaling mechanisms of ferroptosis in viral infections will aid in the development of new therapeutic agents.
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19
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Heib M, Weiß J, Saggau C, Hoyer J, Fuchslocher Chico J, Voigt S, Adam D. Ars moriendi: Proteases as sculptors of cellular suicide. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2022; 1869:119191. [PMID: 34973300 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2021.119191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The Ars moriendi, which translates to "The Art of Dying," encompasses two Latin texts that gave advice on how to die well and without fear according to the Christian precepts of the late Middle Ages. Given that ten to hundred billion cells die in our bodies every day, it is obvious that the concept of a well and orderly ("regulated") death is also paramount at the cellular level. In apoptosis, as the most well-studied form of regulated cell death, proteases of the caspase family are the central mediators. However, caspases are not the only proteases that act as sculptors of cellular suicide, and therefore, we here provide an overview of the impact of proteases in apoptosis and other forms of regulated cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Heib
- Institut für Immunologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Michaelisstr. 5, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Jonas Weiß
- Institut für Immunologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Michaelisstr. 5, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Carina Saggau
- Institut für Immunologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Michaelisstr. 5, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Justus Hoyer
- Institut für Immunologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Michaelisstr. 5, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Susann Voigt
- Institut für Immunologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Michaelisstr. 5, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Dieter Adam
- Institut für Immunologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Michaelisstr. 5, 24105 Kiel, Germany.
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20
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Huang YC, Hsu SM, Shie FS, Shiao YJ, Chao LJ, Chen HW, Yao HH, Chien MA, Lin CC, Tsay HJ. Reduced mitochondria membrane potential and lysosomal acidification are associated with decreased oligomeric Aβ degradation induced by hyperglycemia: A study of mixed glia cultures. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0260966. [PMID: 35073330 PMCID: PMC8786178 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a chronic neurodegenerative disease. We and others have shown prediabetes, including hyperglycemia and obesity induced by high fat and high sucrose diets, is associated with exacerbated amyloid beta (Aβ) accumulation and cognitive impairment in AD transgenic mice. However, whether hyperglycemia reduce glial clearance of oligomeric amyloid-β (oAβ), the most neurotoxic Aβ aggregate, remains unclear. Mixed glial cultures simulating the coexistence of astrocytes and microglia in the neural microenvironment were established to investigate glial clearance of oAβ under normoglycemia and chronic hyperglycemia. Ramified microglia and low IL-1β release were observed in mixed glia cultures. In contrast, amoeboid-like microglia and higher IL-1β release were observed in primary microglia cultures. APPswe/PS1dE9 transgenic mice are a commonly used AD mouse model. Microglia close to senile plaques in APPswe/PS1dE9 transgenic mice exposed to normoglycemia or chronic hyperglycemia exhibited an amoeboid-like morphology; other microglia were ramified. Therefore, mixed glia cultures reproduce the in vivo ramified microglial morphology. To investigate the impact of sustained high-glucose conditions on glial oAβ clearance, mixed glia were cultured in media containing 5.5 mM glucose (normal glucose, NG) or 25 mM glucose (high glucose, HG) for 16 days. Compared to NG, HG reduced the steady-state level of oAβ puncta internalized by microglia and astrocytes and decreased oAβ degradation kinetics. Furthermore, the lysosomal acidification and lysosomal hydrolysis activity of microglia and astrocytes were lower in HG with and without oAβ treatment than NG. Moreover, HG reduced mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP levels in mixed glia, which can lead to reduced lysosomal function. Overall, continuous high glucose reduces microglial and astrocytic ATP production and lysosome activity which may lead to decreased glial oAβ degradation. Our study reveals diabetes-induced hyperglycemia hinders glial oAβ clearance and contributes to oAβ accumulation in AD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Cheng Huang
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Cheng-Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei City, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shu-Meng Hsu
- Institute of Neuroscience, School of Life Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Feng-Shiun Shie
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Young-Ji Shiao
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Clinical Drug Development of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Li-Jung Chao
- Institute of Neuroscience, School of Life Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hui-Wen Chen
- Institute of Neuroscience, School of Life Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Heng-Hsiang Yao
- Institute of Neuroscience, School of Life Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Meng An Chien
- Institute of Neuroscience, School of Life Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chung-Chih Lin
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Biophotonics Interdisciplinary Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- * E-mail: (CCL); (HJT)
| | - Huey-Jen Tsay
- Institute of Neuroscience, School of Life Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- * E-mail: (CCL); (HJT)
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21
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Zhang W, Bai J, Hang K, Xu J, Zhou C, Li L, Wang Z, Wang Y, Wang K, Xue D. Role of Lysosomal Acidification Dysfunction in Mesenchymal Stem Cell Senescence. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:817877. [PMID: 35198560 PMCID: PMC8858834 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.817877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation has been widely used as a potential treatment for a variety of diseases. However, the contradiction between the low survival rate of transplanted cells and the beneficial therapeutic effects has affected its clinical use. Lysosomes as organelles at the center of cellular recycling and metabolic signaling, play essential roles in MSC homeostasis. In the first part of this review, we summarize the role of lysosomal acidification dysfunction in MSC senescence. In the second part, we summarize some of the potential strategies targeting lysosomal proteins to enhance the therapeutic effect of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijun Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinwu Bai
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kai Hang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianxiang Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chengwei Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lijun Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhongxiang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yibo Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kanbin Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Deting Xue
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Deting Xue,
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22
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Mu S, Zhang J, Gao H, Wang Y, Rizvi SFA, Ding N, Liu X, Wu L, Zhang H. Sequential detection of H 2S and HOBr with a novel lysosome-targetable fluorescent probe and its application in biological imaging. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 422:126898. [PMID: 34416694 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the complex relationship between active small molecules is of great significance in various physiological processes. Herein, we present the design and synthesis of a sequential responsive Lysosome-Naphthalene imide-Azido (lyso-NP-N3) reporter for probing the H2S and HOBr within organelle (lysosome) in living cells. Probe lyso-NP-N3 exhibited high selectivity and sensitivity towards H2S (LOD = 23.5 nM) and HOBr (LOD = 254 nM). Additionally, lyso-NP-N3 possessed an excellent lysosome targeting ability and was utilized to visualize the exogenous/endogenous H2S and HOBr in RAW 264.7, Hela and HepG2 cells. Facilitated by this sequentially activated mechanism, the probe was successfully applied to confirm that the reported scavenger of HOBr, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) mainly relied on its metabolite H2S to eliminate excess HOBr, thereby playing the role of cell regulation and protection. These results establish the crosstalk between H2S and HOBr in lysosome and provide a promising tool to study metabolite interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jinlong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hong Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yaya Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Syed Faheem Askari Rizvi
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Nana Ding
- College of Chemical Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Lan Wu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, China.
| | - Haixia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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23
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A network pharmacology-based strategy for predicting the protective mechanism of Ginkgo biloba on damaged retinal ganglion cells. Chin J Nat Med 2022; 20:54-66. [DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(21)60109-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Lu G, Dong J, Fan C, Tu Y, Pu S. A coumarin-based fluorescent probe for specific detection of cysteine in the lysosome of living cells. Bioorg Chem 2021; 119:105558. [PMID: 34922090 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Cysteine (Cys), the only amino acid in the 20 natural amino acids that contains a reduced sulfhydryl group, plays important roles in the balance of redox homeostasis in biological systems. Lysosome is an important organelle containing a variety of hydrolases and has been proved to be the decomposition center of a variety of exogenous and endogenous macromolecular substances. In this research, a coumarin-based fluorescent probe MCA for the detection of Cys in lysosomes of living cells was developed. Due to the acrylate moiety, this probe exhibited high sensitivity (detection limit = 6.8 nM) and selectivity towards Cys superior to other analytes. Moreover, the probe was proved to be lysosome-targetable and showed good cell imaging ability and low cell toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guowei Lu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330013, PR China
| | - Jianning Dong
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330013, PR China
| | - Congbin Fan
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330013, PR China
| | - Yayi Tu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330013, PR China.
| | - Shouzhi Pu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330013, PR China.
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25
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Roger L, Tomas F, Gire V. Mechanisms and Regulation of Cellular Senescence. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222313173. [PMID: 34884978 PMCID: PMC8658264 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222313173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence entails a state of an essentially irreversible proliferative arrest in which cells remain metabolically active and secrete a range of pro-inflammatory and proteolytic factors as part of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype. There are different types of senescent cells, and senescence can be induced in response to many DNA damage signals. Senescent cells accumulate in different tissues and organs where they have distinct physiological and pathological functions. Despite this diversity, all senescent cells must be able to survive in a nondividing state while protecting themselves from positive feedback loops linked to the constant activation of the DNA damage response. This capacity requires changes in core cellular programs. Understanding how different cell types can undergo extensive changes in their transcriptional programs, metabolism, heterochromatin patterns, and cellular structures to induce a common cellular state is crucial to preventing cancer development/progression and to improving health during aging. In this review, we discuss how senescent cells continuously evolve after their initial proliferative arrest and highlight the unifying features that define the senescent state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauréline Roger
- Structure and Instability of Genomes Laboratory, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle (MNHN), CNRS-UMR 7196/INSERM U1154, 43 Rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France;
| | - Fanny Tomas
- Centre de Recherche en Biologie cellulaire de Montpellier (CRBM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS UMR 5237, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France;
| | - Véronique Gire
- Centre de Recherche en Biologie cellulaire de Montpellier (CRBM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS UMR 5237, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-(0)-434359513; Fax: +33-(0)-434359410
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26
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Marchand A, Tebby C, Catteau A, Turiès C, Porcher JM, Bado-Nilles A. Application in a biomonitoring context of three-spined stickleback immunomarker reference ranges. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 223:112580. [PMID: 34352578 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The relevance of a biomarker for biomonitoring programs was influenced both by the knowledge on biomarker natural inter-individual and site variabilities and by the sensitivity of the biomarker towards environmental perturbations. To minimize data misinterpretation, robustness reference values for biomarkers were important in biomonitoring programs. Specific three-spined stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus, immune reference ranges for field studies had been determined based on laboratory data and one reference station (Contentieuse river at Houdancourt). In this study, data obtained in one uncontaminated and three contaminated sites were compared to these reference ranges as a validation step before considering them for larger scale biomonitoring programs. When the field reference range were compared to data from the uncontaminated station (Béronelle), only few deviations were shown. In this way, data coming from uncontaminated station (Béronelle) was integrated in the field reference ranges to improve the evaluation of site variability. The new field reference ranges provided better discrimination of sites and spanned a larger range of fish lengths than the initial reference ranges. Furthermore, the results suggest lysosomal presence during several months and phagocytosis capacity in autumn may be the most relevant immunomarkers towards identifying contaminated sites. In the future, combining this reference value approach with active biomonitoring could facilitate the obtention of data in multiple stream conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrien Marchand
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Parc Technologique Alata, BP 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Cleo Tebby
- INERIS, Unit of Models for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology (METO), Parc Technologique Alata, BP 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Audrey Catteau
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Parc Technologique Alata, BP 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Cyril Turiès
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Parc Technologique Alata, BP 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Jean-Marc Porcher
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Parc Technologique Alata, BP 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Anne Bado-Nilles
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Parc Technologique Alata, BP 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France.
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Abstract
Significance: During aging, excessive production of reactive species in the liver leads to redox imbalance with consequent oxidative damage and impaired organ homeostasis. Nevertheless, slight amounts of reactive species may modulate several transcription factors, acting as second messengers and regulating specific signaling pathways. These redox-dependent alterations may impact the age-associated decline in liver regeneration. Recent Advances: In the last few decades, relevant findings related to redox alterations in the aging liver were investigated. Consistently, recent research broadened understanding of redox modifications and signaling related to liver regeneration. Other than reporting the effect of oxidative stress, epigenetic and post-translational modifications, as well as modulation of specific redox-sensitive cellular signaling, were described. Among them, the present review focuses on Wnt/β-catenin, the nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (NRF2), members of the Forkhead box O (FoxO) family, and the p53 tumor suppressor. Critical Issues: Even though alteration in redox homeostasis occurs both in aging and in impaired liver regeneration, the associative mechanisms are not clearly defined. Of note, antioxidants are not effective in slowing hepatic senescence, and do not clearly improve liver repopulation after hepatectomy or transplant in humans. Future Directions: Further investigations are needed to define mutual redox-dependent molecular pathways involved both in aging and in the decline of liver regeneration. Preclinical studies aimed at the characterization of these pathways would define possible therapeutic targets for human trials. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 35, 832-847.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bellanti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Vendemiale
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
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28
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Shao X, Ding Z, Zhou W, Li Y, Li Z, Cui H, Lin X, Cao G, Cheng B, Sun H, Li M, Liu K, Lu D, Geng S, Shi W, Zhang G, Song Q, Chen L, Wang G, Su W, Cai L, Fang L, Leong DT, Li Y, Yu XF, Li H. Intrinsic bioactivity of black phosphorus nanomaterials on mitotic centrosome destabilization through suppression of PLK1 kinase. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 16:1150-1160. [PMID: 34354264 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-021-00952-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Although nanomaterials have shown promising biomedical application potential, incomplete understanding of their molecular interactions with biological systems prevents their inclusion into mainstream clinical applications. Here we show that black phosphorus (BP) nanomaterials directly affect the cell cycle's centrosome machinery. BP destabilizes mitotic centrosomes by attenuating the cohesion of pericentriolar material and consequently leads to centrosome fragmentation within mitosis. As a result, BP-treated cells exhibit multipolar spindles and mitotic delay, and ultimately undergo apoptosis. Mechanistically, BP compromises centrosome integrity by deactivating the centrosome kinase polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1). BP directly binds to PLK1, inducing its aggregation, decreasing its cytosolic mobility and eventually restricting its recruitment to centrosomes for activation. With this mechanism, BP nanomaterials show great anticancer potential in tumour xenografted mice. Together, our study reveals a molecular mechanism for the tumoricidal properties of BP and proposes a direction for biomedical application of nanomaterials by exploring their intrinsic bioactivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ximing Shao
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhihao Ding
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wenhua Zhou
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yanyan Li
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhibin Li
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Haodong Cui
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xian Lin
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guoli Cao
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Binghua Cheng
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyan Sun
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Meiqing Li
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ke Liu
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Danyi Lu
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shengyong Geng
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wenli Shi
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Guofang Zhang
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qingle Song
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guocheng Wang
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wu Su
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lintao Cai
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lijing Fang
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - David Tai Leong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yang Li
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Xue-Feng Yu
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Hongchang Li
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, Shenzhen, China.
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Neural Development, Shenzhen, China.
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29
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Santerre M, Arjona SP, Allen CN, Callen S, Buch S, Sawaya BE. HIV-1 Vpr protein impairs lysosome clearance causing SNCA/alpha-synuclein accumulation in neurons. Autophagy 2021; 17:1768-1782. [PMID: 33890542 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2021.1915641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the promising therapeutic effects of combinatory antiretroviral therapy (cART), 20% to 30% of HIV/AIDS patients living with long term infection still exhibit related cognitive and motor disorders. Clinical studies in HIV-infected patients revealed evidence of basal ganglia dysfunction, tremors, fine motor movement deficits, gait, balance, and increased risk of falls. Among older HIV+ adults, the frequency of cases with SNCA/α-synuclein staining is higher than in older healthy persons and may predict an increased risk of developing a neurodegenerative disease. The accumulation of SNCA aggregates known as Lewy Bodies is widely described to be directly linked to motor dysfunction. These aggregates are naturally removed by Macroautophagy/autophagy, a cellular housekeeping mechanism, that can be disturbed by HIV-1. The molecular mechanisms involved in linking HIV-1 proteins and autophagy remain mostly unclear and necessitates further exploration. We showed that HIV-1 Vpr protein triggers the accumulation of SNCA in neurons after decreasing lysosomal acidification, deregulating lysosome positioning, and the expression levels of several proteins involved in lysosomal maturation. Viruses and retroviruses such as HIV-1 are known to manipulate autophagy in order to use it for their replication while blocking the degradative final step, which could destroy the virus itself. Our study highlights how the suppression of neuronal autophagy by HIV-1 Vpr is a mechanism leading to toxic protein aggregation and neurodegeneration.Abbreviations: BLOC1: Biogenesis of Lysosome-related Organelles Complex 1; CART: combinatory antiretroviral therapy; CVB: coxsackievirus; DAPI: 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; DENV: dengue virus; GFP: green fluorescent protein; HCV: hepatitis C virus; HCMV: human cytomegalovirus; HIV: human immunodeficiency virus; Env: HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins; GAPDH: glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; VSV: Indiana vesiculovirus; LTR: Long Terminal Repeat; LAMP1: lysosomal associated membrane protein 1; MAP1LC3B/LC3B: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta; MLBs: multilamellar bodies; RIPA: Radioimmunoprecipitation assay buffer; SDS-PAGE: sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; Tat: transactivator of TAR; TEM: transmission electron microscope; Vpr: Viral protein R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryline Santerre
- Molecular Studies of Neurodegenerative Diseases Lab, FELS Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine and Department of Neurology Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sterling P Arjona
- Molecular Studies of Neurodegenerative Diseases Lab, FELS Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine and Department of Neurology Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Charles Ns Allen
- Molecular Studies of Neurodegenerative Diseases Lab, FELS Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine and Department of Neurology Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shannon Callen
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Shilpa Buch
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Bassel E Sawaya
- Molecular Studies of Neurodegenerative Diseases Lab, FELS Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine and Department of Neurology Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Neurology Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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30
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Lack of Autophagy Induction by Lithium Decreases Neuroprotective Effects in the Striatum of Aged Rats. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13020135. [PMID: 33494241 PMCID: PMC7909773 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13020135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The pharmacological modulation of autophagy is considered a promising neuroprotective strategy. While it has been postulated that lithium regulates this cellular process, the age-related effects have not been fully elucidated. Here, we evaluated lithium-mediated neuroprotective effects in young and aged striatum. After determining the optimal experimental conditions for inducing autophagy in loco with lithium carbonate (Li2CO3), we measured cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and oxygen consumption with rat brain striatal slices from young and aged animals. In the young striatum, Li2CO3 increased tissue viability and decreased ROS generation. These positive effects were accompanied by enhanced levels of LC3-II, LAMP 1, Ambra 1 and Beclin-1 expression. In the aged striatum, Li2CO3 reduced the autophagic flux and increased the basal oxygen consumption rate. Ultrastructural changes in the striatum of aged rats that consumed Li2CO3 for 30 days included electrondense mitochondria with disarranged cristae and reduced normal mitochondria and lysosomes area. Our data show that the striatum from younger animals benefits from lithium-mediated neuroprotection, while the striatum of older rats does not. These findings should be considered when developing neuroprotective strategies involving the induction of autophagy in aging.
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31
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Wang K, Liu Y, Liu C, Zhu H, Li X, Zhang F, Gao N, Pang X, Sheng W, Zhu B. A simple pyridine-based highly specific fluorescent probe for tracing hypochlorous acid in lysosomes of living cells. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj02256c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
A simple pyridine-based highly specific fluorescent probe was constructed to trace hypochlorous acid in lysosomes of living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment
- University of Jinan
- Jinan 250022
- China
| | - Yilin Liu
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment
- University of Jinan
- Jinan 250022
- China
| | - Caiyun Liu
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment
- University of Jinan
- Jinan 250022
- China
| | - Hanchuang Zhu
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment
- University of Jinan
- Jinan 250022
- China
| | - Xiwei Li
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment
- University of Jinan
- Jinan 250022
- China
| | - Fenfen Zhang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment
- University of Jinan
- Jinan 250022
- China
| | - Na Gao
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment
- University of Jinan
- Jinan 250022
- China
| | - Xiangming Pang
- Biology Institute
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences)
- Jinan 250103
- China
| | - Wenlong Sheng
- Biology Institute
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences)
- Jinan 250103
- China
| | - Baocun Zhu
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment
- University of Jinan
- Jinan 250022
- China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes
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Soond SM, Savvateeva LV, Makarov VA, Gorokhovets NV, Townsend PA, Zamyatnin AA. Making Connections: p53 and the Cathepsin Proteases as Co-Regulators of Cancer and Apoptosis. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113476. [PMID: 33266503 PMCID: PMC7700648 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary This article describes an emerging area of significant interest in cancer and cell death and the relationships shared by these through the p53 and cathepsin proteins. While it has been demonstrated that the p53 protein can directly induce the leakage of cathepsin proteases from the lysosome, directly triggering cell death, little is known about what factors set the threshold at which the lysosome can become permeabilized. It appears that the expression levels of cathepsin proteases may be central to this process, with some of them being transcriptionally regulated by p53. The consequences of such a mechanism have serious implications for lysosomal-mediated apoptosis and have significant input into the design of therapeutics and their strategic use. In this review, we highlight the importance of extending such findings to other cathepsin family members and the need to assess the roles of p53 isoforms and mutants in furthering this mechanism. Abstract While viewed as the “guardian of the genome”, the importance of the tumor suppressor p53 protein has increasingly gained ever more recognition in modulating additional modes of action related to cell death. Slowly but surely, its importance has evolved from a mutated genetic locus heavily implicated in a wide array of cancer types to modulating lysosomal-mediated cell death either directly or indirectly through the transcriptional regulation of the key signal transduction pathway intermediates involved in this. As an important step in determining the fate of cells in response to cytotoxicity or during stress response, lysosomal-mediated cell death has also become strongly interwoven with the key components that give the lysosome functionality in the form of the cathepsin proteases. While a number of articles have been published highlighting the independent input of p53 or cathepsins to cellular homeostasis and disease progression, one key area that warrants further focus is the regulatory relationship that p53 and its isoforms share with such proteases in regulating lysosomal-mediated cell death. Herein, we review recent developments that have shaped this relationship and highlight key areas that need further exploration to aid novel therapeutic design and intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surinder M. Soond
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Trubetskaya Str. 8-2, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (L.V.S.); (V.A.M.); (N.V.G.)
- Correspondence: (S.M.S.); (A.A.Z.J.)
| | - Lyudmila V. Savvateeva
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Trubetskaya Str. 8-2, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (L.V.S.); (V.A.M.); (N.V.G.)
| | - Vladimir A. Makarov
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Trubetskaya Str. 8-2, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (L.V.S.); (V.A.M.); (N.V.G.)
| | - Neonila V. Gorokhovets
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Trubetskaya Str. 8-2, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (L.V.S.); (V.A.M.); (N.V.G.)
| | - Paul A. Townsend
- Division of Cancer Sciences and Manchester Cancer Research Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, and the NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester M13 9PL, UK;
| | - Andrey A. Zamyatnin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Trubetskaya Str. 8-2, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (L.V.S.); (V.A.M.); (N.V.G.)
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Biotechnology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 1 Olympic Ave, 354340 Sochi, Russia
- Correspondence: (S.M.S.); (A.A.Z.J.)
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Ilie OD, Ciobica A, Riga S, Dhunna N, McKenna J, Mavroudis I, Doroftei B, Ciobanu AM, Riga D. Mini-Review on Lipofuscin and Aging: Focusing on The Molecular Interface, The Biological Recycling Mechanism, Oxidative Stress, and The Gut-Brain Axis Functionality. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2020; 56:E626. [PMID: 33228124 PMCID: PMC7699382 DOI: 10.3390/medicina56110626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Intra-lysosomal accumulation of the autofluorescent "residue" known as lipofuscin, which is found within postmitotic cells, remains controversial. Although it was considered a harmless hallmark of aging, its presence is detrimental as it continually accumulates. The latest evidence highlighted that lipofuscin strongly correlates with the excessive production of reactive oxygen species; however, despite this, lipofuscin cannot be removed by the biological recycling mechanisms. The antagonistic effects exerted at the DNA level culminate in a dysregulation of the cell cycle, by inducing a loss of the entire internal environment and abnormal gene(s) expression. Additionally, it appears that a crucial role in the production of reactive oxygen species can be attributed to gut microbiota, due to their ability to shape our behavior and neurodevelopment through their maintenance of the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ovidiu-Dumitru Ilie
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University, Carol I Avenue, no 20A, 700505 Iasi, Romania
| | - Alin Ciobica
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University, Carol I Avenue, no 20A, 700505 Iasi, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Splaiul Independentei, no. 54, sector 5, 050094 Bucharest, Romania; (S.R.); (D.R.)
| | - Sorin Riga
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Splaiul Independentei, no. 54, sector 5, 050094 Bucharest, Romania; (S.R.); (D.R.)
| | - Nitasha Dhunna
- Mid Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Pinderfields Hospital, Wakefield WF1 4DG, UK;
| | - Jack McKenna
- York Hospital, Wigginton road Clifton, York YO31 8HE, UK;
| | - Ioannis Mavroudis
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Great George St, Leeds LS1 3EX, UK;
- Laboratory of Neuropathology and Electron Microscopy, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Bogdan Doroftei
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, University Street, no 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Adela-Magdalena Ciobanu
- Discipline of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dionisie Lupu Street, no 37, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Dan Riga
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Splaiul Independentei, no. 54, sector 5, 050094 Bucharest, Romania; (S.R.); (D.R.)
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Chaanine AH, LeJemtel TH, Delafontaine P. Mitochondrial Pathobiology and Metabolic Remodeling in Progression to Overt Systolic Heart Failure. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9113582. [PMID: 33172082 PMCID: PMC7694785 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9113582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitochondria are mostly abundant in the heart, a beating organ of high- energy demands. Their function extends beyond being a power plant of the cell including redox balance, ion homeostasis and metabolism. They are dynamic organelles that are tethered to neighboring structures, especially the endoplasmic reticulum. Together, they constitute a functional unit implicated in complex physiological and pathophysiological processes. Their topology in the cell, the cardiac myocyte in particular, places them at the hub of signaling and calcium homeostasis, making them master regulators of cell survival or cell death. Perturbations in mitochondrial function play a central role in the pathophysiology of myocardial remodeling and progression of heart failure. In this minireview, we summarize important pathophysiological mechanisms, pertaining to mitochondrial morphology, dynamics and function, which take place in compensated hypertrophy and in progression to overt systolic heart failure. Published work in the last few years has expanded our understanding of these important mechanisms; a key prerequisite to identifying therapeutic strategies targeting mitochondrial dysfunction in heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine H. Chaanine
- Department of Medicine/Heart and Vascular Institute, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (T.H.L.); (P.D.)
- Department of Physiology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +504-988-1612; Fax: +504-995-2771
| | - Thierry H. LeJemtel
- Department of Medicine/Heart and Vascular Institute, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (T.H.L.); (P.D.)
| | - Patrice Delafontaine
- Department of Medicine/Heart and Vascular Institute, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (T.H.L.); (P.D.)
- Department of Physiology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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Joo HJ, Ma DJ, Hwang JS, Shin YJ. SIRT1 Activation Using CRISPR/dCas9 Promotes Regeneration of Human Corneal Endothelial Cells through Inhibiting Senescence. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9111085. [PMID: 33158256 PMCID: PMC7694272 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9111085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human corneal endothelial cells (hCECs) are restricted in proliferative capacity in vivo. Reduction in the number of hCEC leads to persistent corneal edema requiring corneal transplantation. This study demonstrates the functions of SIRT1 in hCECs and its potential for corneal endothelial regeneration. Cell morphology, cell growth rates and proliferation-associated proteins were compared in normal and senescent hCECs. SIRT1 was activated using the CRISPR/dCas9 activation system (SIRT1a). The plasmids were transfected into CECs of six-week-old Sprague–Dawley rats using electroporation and cryoinjury was performed. Senescent cells were larger, elongated and showed lower proliferation rates and lower SIRT1 levels. SIRT1 activation promoted the wound healing of CECs. In vivo transfection of SIRT1a promoted the regeneration of CECs. The proportion of the S-phase cells was lower in senescent cells and elevated upon SIRT1a activation. SIRT1 regulated cell proliferation, proliferation-associated proteins, mitochondrial membrane potential, and oxidative stress levels. In conclusion, corneal endothelial senescence is related with a decreased SIRT1 level. SIRT1a promotes the regeneration of CECs by inhibiting cytokine-induced cell death and senescence. Gene function activation therapy using SIRT1a may serve as a novel treatment strategy for hCEC diseases.
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Machado-Oliveira G, Ramos C, Marques ARA, Vieira OV. Cell Senescence, Multiple Organelle Dysfunction and Atherosclerosis. Cells 2020; 9:E2146. [PMID: 32977446 PMCID: PMC7598292 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is an age-related disorder associated with long-term exposure to cardiovascular risk factors. The asymptomatic progression of atherosclerotic plaques leads to major cardiovascular diseases (CVD), including acute myocardial infarctions or cerebral ischemic strokes in some cases. Senescence, a biological process associated with progressive structural and functional deterioration of cells, tissues and organs, is intricately linked to age-related diseases. Cell senescence involves coordinated modifications in cellular compartments and has been demonstrated to contribute to different stages of atheroma development. Senescence-based therapeutic strategies are currently being pursued to treat and prevent CVD in humans in the near-future. In addition, distinct experimental settings allowed researchers to unravel potential approaches to regulate anti-apoptotic pathways, facilitate excessive senescent cell clearance and eventually reverse atherogenesis to improve cardiovascular function. However, a deeper knowledge is required to fully understand cellular senescence, to clarify senescence and atherogenesis intertwining, allowing researchers to establish more effective treatments and to reduce the cardiovascular disorders' burden. Here, we present an objective review of the key senescence-related alterations of the major intracellular organelles and analyze the role of relevant cell types for senescence and atherogenesis. In this context, we provide an updated analysis of therapeutic approaches, including clinically relevant experiments using senolytic drugs to counteract atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisela Machado-Oliveira
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (C.R.); (A.R.A.M.)
| | | | | | - Otília V. Vieira
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (C.R.); (A.R.A.M.)
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Han R, Zhao M, Wang Z, Liu H, Zhu S, Huang L, Wang Y, Wang L, Hong Y, Sha Y, Jiang Y. Super-efficient in Vivo Two-Photon Photodynamic Therapy with a Gold Nanocluster as a Type I Photosensitizer. ACS NANO 2020; 14:9532-9544. [PMID: 31670942 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b05169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a clinically approved, minimally invasive therapeutic technique that can induce the regression of targeted lesions via generating excess cytotoxic reactive oxygen species. However, due to the limited penetration depth of visible excitation light and the intrinsic hypoxia microenvironment of solid tumors, the efficacy of PDT in the treatment of cancer, especially deep-seated or large tumors, is unsatisfactory. Herein, we developed an efficient in vivo PDT system based on a nanomaterial, dihydrolipoic acid coated gold nanocluster (AuNC@DHLA), that combined the advantages of large penetration depth in tissue, extremely high two-photon (TP) absorption cross section (σ2 ∼ 106 GM), efficient ROS generation, a type I photochemical mechanism, and negligible in vivo toxicity. With AuNC@DHLA as the photosensitizer, highly efficient in vivo TP-PDT has been achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongcheng Han
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Miao Zhao
- Single-Molecule and Nanobiology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Helin Liu
- Single-Molecule and Nanobiology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shengcang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lijun Wang
- Single-Molecule and Nanobiology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yuankai Hong
- Single-Molecule and Nanobiology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yinlin Sha
- Single-Molecule and Nanobiology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yuqiang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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38
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Zhu H, Tamura T, Fujisawa A, Nishikawa Y, Cheng R, Takato M, Hamachi I. Imaging and Profiling of Proteins under Oxidative Conditions in Cells and Tissues by Hydrogen-Peroxide-Responsive Labeling. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:15711-15721. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c02547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhu
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Tomonori Tamura
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
- ERATO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 5 Sanbancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0075, Japan
| | - Alma Fujisawa
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Yuki Nishikawa
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Rong Cheng
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Mikiko Takato
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Itaru Hamachi
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
- ERATO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 5 Sanbancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0075, Japan
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Burns JC, Cotleur B, Walther DM, Bajrami B, Rubino SJ, Wei R, Franchimont N, Cotman SL, Ransohoff RM, Mingueneau M. Differential accumulation of storage bodies with aging defines discrete subsets of microglia in the healthy brain. eLife 2020; 9:e57495. [PMID: 32579115 PMCID: PMC7367682 DOI: 10.7554/elife.57495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, microglia subsets in the healthy CNS have not been identified. Utilizing autofluorescence (AF) as a discriminating parameter, we identified two novel microglia subsets in both mice and non-human primates, termed autofluorescence-positive (AF+) and negative (AF-). While their proportion remained constant throughout most adult life, the AF signal linearly and specifically increased in AF+ microglia with age and correlated with a commensurate increase in size and complexity of lysosomal storage bodies, as detected by transmission electron microscopy and LAMP1 levels. Post-depletion repopulation kinetics revealed AF- cells as likely precursors of AF+ microglia. At the molecular level, the proteome of AF+ microglia showed overrepresentation of endolysosomal, autophagic, catabolic, and mTOR-related proteins. Mimicking the effect of advanced aging, genetic disruption of lysosomal function accelerated the accumulation of storage bodies in AF+ cells and led to impaired microglia physiology and cell death, suggestive of a mechanistic convergence between aging and lysosomal storage disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Carlos Burns
- Multiple Sclerosis & Neurorepair Research Unit, BiogenCambridgeUnited States
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of MedicineBostonUnited States
| | - Bunny Cotleur
- Emerging Neurosciences Research Unit, BiogenCambridgeUnited States
| | | | - Bekim Bajrami
- Chemical Biology and ProteomicsCambridgeUnited States
| | - Stephen J Rubino
- Multiple Sclerosis & Neurorepair Research Unit, BiogenCambridgeUnited States
| | - Ru Wei
- Chemical Biology and ProteomicsCambridgeUnited States
| | | | - Susan L Cotman
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | | | - Michael Mingueneau
- Multiple Sclerosis & Neurorepair Research Unit, BiogenCambridgeUnited States
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Favret JM, Weinstock NI, Feltri ML, Shin D. Pre-clinical Mouse Models of Neurodegenerative Lysosomal Storage Diseases. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:57. [PMID: 32351971 PMCID: PMC7174556 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There are over 50 lysosomal hydrolase deficiencies, many of which cause neurodegeneration, cognitive decline and death. In recent years, a number of broad innovative therapies have been proposed and investigated for lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs), such as enzyme replacement, substrate reduction, pharmacologic chaperones, stem cell transplantation, and various forms of gene therapy. Murine models that accurately reflect the phenotypes observed in human LSDs are critical for the development, assessment and implementation of novel translational therapies. The goal of this review is to summarize the neurodegenerative murine LSD models available that recapitulate human disease, and the pre-clinical studies previously conducted. We also describe some limitations and difficulties in working with mouse models of neurodegenerative LSDs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Daesung Shin
- Hunter James Kelly Research Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
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41
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Kim M, Kim H, Kim D, Kim D, Huh Y, Park C, Chung HJ, Jung J, Jeong NY. Heme Oxygenase 1 in Schwann Cells Regulates Peripheral Nerve Degeneration Against Oxidative Stress. ASN Neuro 2020; 11:1759091419838949. [PMID: 31046408 PMCID: PMC6498775 DOI: 10.1177/1759091419838949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
During Wallerian degeneration, Schwann cells lose their characteristic of myelinating axons and shift into the state of developmental promyelinating cells. This recharacterized Schwann cell guides newly regrowing axons to their destination and remyelinates reinnervated axons. This Schwann cell dynamics during Wallerian degeneration is associated with oxidative events. Heme oxygenases (HOs) are involved in the oxidative degradation of heme into biliverdin/bilirubin, ferrous iron, and carbon monoxide. Overproduction of ferrous iron by HOs increases reactive oxygen species, which have deleterious effects on living cells. Thus, the key molecule for understanding the exact mechanism of Wallerian degeneration in the peripheral nervous system is likely related to oxidative stress-mediated HOs in Schwann cells. In this study, we demonstrate that demyelinating Schwann cells during Wallerian degeneration highly express HO1, not HO2, and remyelinating Schwann cells during nerve regeneration decrease HO1 activation to levels similar to those in normal myelinating Schwann cells. In addition, HO1 activation during Wallerian degeneration regulates several critical phenotypes of recharacterized repair Schwann cells, such as demyelination, transdedifferentiation, and proliferation. Thus, these results suggest that oxidative stress in Schwann cells after peripheral nerve injury may be regulated by HO1 activation during Wallerian degeneration and oxidative-stress-related HO1 activation in Schwann cells may be helpful to study deeply molecular mechanism of Wallerian degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muwoong Kim
- 1 Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyosun Kim
- 1 Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.,2 Department of Biomedical Science, Medical Research Center for Bioreaction to Reactive Oxygen Species and Biomedical Science Institute, Graduation School, Kyung Hee Univeristy, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dogyeong Kim
- 1 Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.,2 Department of Biomedical Science, Medical Research Center for Bioreaction to Reactive Oxygen Species and Biomedical Science Institute, Graduation School, Kyung Hee Univeristy, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dokyoung Kim
- 1 Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.,2 Department of Biomedical Science, Medical Research Center for Bioreaction to Reactive Oxygen Species and Biomedical Science Institute, Graduation School, Kyung Hee Univeristy, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youngbuhm Huh
- 1 Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.,2 Department of Biomedical Science, Medical Research Center for Bioreaction to Reactive Oxygen Species and Biomedical Science Institute, Graduation School, Kyung Hee Univeristy, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chan Park
- 1 Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.,2 Department of Biomedical Science, Medical Research Center for Bioreaction to Reactive Oxygen Species and Biomedical Science Institute, Graduation School, Kyung Hee Univeristy, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung-Joo Chung
- 3 Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Kosin University, Busan, Korea
| | - Junyang Jung
- 1 Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.,2 Department of Biomedical Science, Medical Research Center for Bioreaction to Reactive Oxygen Species and Biomedical Science Institute, Graduation School, Kyung Hee Univeristy, Seoul, Korea
| | - Na Young Jeong
- 4 Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
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42
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Guo R, Yu Q, Liong EC, Fung ML, Tipoe GL. Cathepsin-B dependent autophagy ameliorates steatoheaptitis in chronic exercise rats. Histol Histopathol 2020; 35:833-847. [PMID: 31975365 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the role of cathepsin B dependent autophagy induced by chronic aerobic exercise on a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in rats. METHODS Healthy female (Sprague-Dawley) SD rats (8-10 weeks old; 180g-200g; n=6 per group) were divided into: (1) control group; (2) HFD group; (3) Exercise group; (4) HFD + exercise group. Rats were fed with a normal chow or an HFD for 12 weeks. Rats with exercise ran on a rotarod for 30 min per day from weeks 9-12. RESULTS Exercise training significantly (1) upregulated the levels of autophagy markers Beclin1, ATG5 and LC3II partly through inhibiting the p-AKT/mTOR pathway; (2) ameliorated HFD-mediated accumulation of fat mass by upregulating β-oxidation regulator PPAR-α and downregulating fatty acid synthesis marker SREBP-1c via lipophagy; (3) diminished the HFD-induced hepatic pro-inflammatory mediators TNF-α and IL-1β via NF-κB inactivation; (4) decreased the NASH-induced hepatic apoptotic marker caspase-3 activation caused by the upstream oxidative stress and by cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1); (5) mitigated the HFD-mediated lysosomal membrane permeabilisation and cathepsin B release partly via the reduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). CONCLUSIONS Chronic aerobic exercise reduces oxidative stress/ROS and ROS may cause lysosomal membrane destabilisation and disrupts the autophagic process. The beneficial effect of chronic exercise may further inhibit the process of lysosome membrane permeabilisation and facilitate lysosome fusion with autophagosomes to trigger autophagy. This process may possibly contribute to the inhibition of cathepsin B released into cytosol which further reduces inflammation and mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Guo
- School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R
| | - Qian Yu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R
| | - Emily C Liong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R
| | - Man Lung Fung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R.,Brain Hormone Healthy Aging Centre, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R
| | - George L Tipoe
- Brain Hormone Healthy Aging Centre, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R.,School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R.
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43
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Hämälistö S, Stahl JL, Favaro E, Yang Q, Liu B, Christoffersen L, Loos B, Guasch Boldú C, Joyce JA, Reinheckel T, Barisic M, Jäättelä M. Spatially and temporally defined lysosomal leakage facilitates mitotic chromosome segregation. Nat Commun 2020; 11:229. [PMID: 31932607 PMCID: PMC6957743 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-14009-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysosomes are membrane-surrounded cytoplasmic organelles filled with a powerful cocktail of hydrolases. Besides degrading cellular constituents inside the lysosomal lumen, lysosomal hydrolases promote tissue remodeling when delivered to the extracellular space and cell death when released to the cytosol. Here, we show that spatially and temporally controlled lysosomal leakage contributes to the accurate chromosome segregation in normal mammalian cell division. One or more chromatin-proximal lysosomes leak in the majority of prometaphases, after which active cathepsin B (CTSB) localizes to the metaphase chromatin and cleaves a small subset of histone H3. Stabilization of lysosomal membranes or inhibition of CTSB activity during mitotic entry results in a significant increase in telomere-related chromosome segregation defects, whereas cells and tissues lacking CTSB and cells expressing CTSB-resistant histone H3 accumulate micronuclei and other nuclear defects. These data suggest that lysosomal leakage and chromatin-associated CTSB contribute to proper chromosome segregation and maintenance of genomic integrity. Lysosomes are intracellular organelles containing degradative enzymes, and leakage of lysosomal contents into the cell is thought to trigger cell death. Here, the authors report that leaky lysosomes may facilitate chromosome separation during cell division.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saara Hämälistö
- Cell Death and Metabolism, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jonathan Lucien Stahl
- Cell Death and Metabolism, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Elena Favaro
- Cell Death and Metabolism, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Qing Yang
- Cell Death and Metabolism, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bin Liu
- Cell Death and Metabolism, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Line Christoffersen
- Cell Death and Metabolism, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ben Loos
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch University, 7600, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Claudia Guasch Boldú
- Cell Division and Cytoskeleton, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Johanna A Joyce
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, 1005, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Reinheckel
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, partner site Freiburg, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marin Barisic
- Cell Division and Cytoskeleton, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marja Jäättelä
- Cell Death and Metabolism, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark. .,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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44
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Marchand A, Tebby C, Beaudouin R, Catteau A, Porcher JM, Turiès C, Bado-Nilles A. Reliability evaluation of biomarker reference ranges for mesocosm and field conditions: Cellular innate immunomarkers in Gasterosteus aculeatus. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 698:134333. [PMID: 31783456 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Due to their sensitivity to environmental contamination and their link with fish health status, innate immunomarkers are of great interest for environmental risk assessment studies. Nevertheless, the lack of knowledge about the effect of confounding factors can lead to data misinterpretation and false diagnostics. So, the determination of reference values was of huge interest for the integration of biomarkers in biomonitoring programs. Laboratory immunomarker reference ranges (including cellular mortality, leucocyte distribution, phagocytosis activity, respiratory burst and lysosomal presence) that consider three confounding factors (season, sex and body size) were previously developed in three-spined stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus, from our husbandry. Usefulness of these reference ranges in biomonitoring programs depends on how they can be transposed to various experimental levels, such as mesocosm (outdoor artificial pond) and field conditions. Immunomarkers were therefore measured every 2 months over 1 year in one mesocosm and in one site assumed to uncontaminated (Houdancourt, field). Differences between immunomarker seasonal variations in mesocosm and field fish on one side and laboratory fish on the other side were quantified: in some cases, seasonal trends were not significant or did not differ between mesocosm and laboratory conditions, but overall, models developed based on data obtained in laboratory conditions were poorly predictive of data obtained in mesocosm or field conditions. To propose valuable field reference ranges, mesocosm and field data were integrated in innate immunomarker modelling in order to strengthen the knowledge on the effect of confounding factors. As in laboratory conditions, sex was overall a confounding factor only for necrotic cell percentage and granulocyte-macrophage distribution and size was a confounding factor only for cellular mortality, leucocyte distribution and phagocytosis activity. Confounding factors explained a large proportion of immunomarker variability in particular for phagocytosis activity and lysosomal presence. Further research is needed to test the field models in a biomonitoring program to compare the sensitivity of immunomarkers to the confounding factors identified in this study and the sensitivity to various levels of pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrien Marchand
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Parc Technologique Alata, BP 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France; Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Moulin de la Housse, B.P. 1039, 51687 Reims, France
| | - Cleo Tebby
- INERIS, Unit of Models for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology (METO), Parc Technologique Alata, BP 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Rémy Beaudouin
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Parc Technologique Alata, BP 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France; INERIS, Unit of Models for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology (METO), Parc Technologique Alata, BP 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Audrey Catteau
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Parc Technologique Alata, BP 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Jean-Marc Porcher
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Parc Technologique Alata, BP 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Cyril Turiès
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Parc Technologique Alata, BP 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Anne Bado-Nilles
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Parc Technologique Alata, BP 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France.
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45
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De Samber B, Vanden Berghe T, Meul E, Bauters S, Seyrich M, Smet J, De Paepe B, da Silva JC, Bohic S, Cloetens P, Van Coster R, Vandenabeele P, Vincze L. Nanoscopic X-ray imaging and quantification of the iron cellular architecture within single fibroblasts of Friedreich's ataxia patients. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2020; 27:185-198. [PMID: 31868751 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577519015510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by an increase in intracytoplasmic iron concentration. Here the nanoscale iron distribution within single fibroblasts from FRDA patients was investigated using synchrotron-radiation-based nanoscopic X-ray fluorescence and X-ray in-line holography at the ID16A nano-imaging beamline of the ESRF. This unique probe was deployed to uncover the iron cellular two-dimensional architecture of freeze-dried FRDA fibroblasts. An unsurpassed absolute detection capability of 180 iron atoms within a 30 nm × 50 nm nanoscopic X-ray beam footprint was obtained using state-of-the-art X-ray focusing optics and a large-solid-angle detection system. Various micrometre-sized iron-rich organelles could be revealed for the first time, tentatively identified as endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria and lysosomes. Also a multitude of nanoscopic iron hot-spots were observed in the cytosol, interpreted as chaperoned iron within the fibroblast's labile iron pool. These observations enable new hypotheses on the storage and trafficking of iron in the cell and ultimately to a better understanding of iron-storage diseases such as Friedreich's ataxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Björn De Samber
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Eline Meul
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | | | - Joél Smet
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology and Metabolism, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Boel De Paepe
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology and Metabolism, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | | | | | - Rudy Van Coster
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology and Metabolism, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Laszlo Vincze
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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46
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Hyperglycemia-induced cardiomyocyte death is mediated by lysosomal membrane injury and aberrant expression of cathepsin D. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 523:239-245. [PMID: 31862139 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.12.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Hyperglycemia is an independent risk factor for diabetic heart failure. However, the mechanisms that mediate hyperglycemia-induced cardiac damage remain poorly understood. Previous studies have shown an association between lysosomal dysfunction and diabetic heart injury. The present study examined if mimicking hyperglycemia in cultured cardiomyocytes could induce lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP), leading to the release of lysosome enzymes and subsequent cell death. High glucose (HG) reduced the number of lysosomes with acidic pH as shown by a fluorescent pH indicator. Also, HG induced lysosomal membrane injury as shown by an accumulation of Galectin3-RFP puncta, which was accompanied by the leakage of cathepsin D (CTSD), an aspartic protease that normally resides within the lysosomal lumen. Furthermore, CTSD expression was increased in HG-cultured cardiomyocytes and in the hearts of 2 mouse models of type 1 diabetes. Either CTSD knockdown with siRNA or inhibition of CTSD activity by pepstatin A markedly diminished HG-induced cardiomyocyte death, while CTSD overexpression exaggerated HG-induced cell death. Together, these results suggested that HG increased CTSD expression, induced LMP and triggered CTSD release from the lysosomes, which collectively contributed to HG-induced cardiomyocyte injury.
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47
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Mirbaha S, Bagheri M, Mahmoudi-Nejad S. 10-Hydroxy-2-Decenoic Acid Prevents Ultraviolet A-Induced Expression of Lamin AÄ150 in Human Dermal Fibroblasts. MAEDICA 2019; 14:327-331. [PMID: 32153662 PMCID: PMC7035451 DOI: 10.26574/maedica.2019.14.4.327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
10-Hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA) as the main component of royal jelly has pharmacological characteristics. But the influence of 10-HDA on skin photoaging and photo damage is poorly understood. In the present study, we used 10-HAD immediately after UVA exposure and tested the effects on the attenuation of LMNAÄ150 expression in cultured human dermal fibroblasts Human dermal fibroblasts (cultured cells) were exposed to UVA irradiation. The mRNA level of LMNAÄ150 was determined by Taqman Real-Time PCR Assay. Real-time PCR analysis of LMNAÄ150 transcripts indicated that the level of LMNAÄ150 transcripts was higher in the UVA exposed group than the group treated with 10-HAD after UVA exposure (>8.22-fold). The LMNAÄ150 expression is down-regulated in human dermal fibroblasts after treatment with 10-HDA. It can be concluded that treatment with 10-HDA suppresses the UVA-induced gene expression of LMNAÄ150 and protects skin from UVA-induced photoaging and photo damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahrzad Mirbaha
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Morteza Bagheri
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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48
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Conway GE, He Z, Hutanu AL, Cribaro GP, Manaloto E, Casey A, Traynor D, Milosavljevic V, Howe O, Barcia C, Murray JT, Cullen PJ, Curtin JF. Cold Atmospheric Plasma induces accumulation of lysosomes and caspase-independent cell death in U373MG glioblastoma multiforme cells. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12891. [PMID: 31501494 PMCID: PMC6733837 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49013-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Room temperature Cold Atmospheric Plasma (CAP) has shown promising efficacy for the treatment of cancer but the exact mechanisms of action remain unclear. Both apoptosis and necrosis have been implicated as the mode of cell death in various cancer cells. We have previously demonstrated a caspase-independent mechanism of cell death in p53-mutated glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cells exposed to plasma. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved in caspase-independent cell death induced by plasma treatment. We demonstrate that plasma induces rapid cell death in GBM cells, independent of caspases. Accumulation of vesicles was observed in plasma treated cells that stained positive with acridine orange. Western immunoblotting confirmed that autophagy is not activated following plasma treatment. Acridine orange intensity correlates closely with the lysosomal marker Lyso TrackerTM Deep Red. Further investigation using isosurface visualisation of confocal imaging confirmed that lysosomal accumulation occurs in plasma treated cells. The accumulation of lysosomes was associated with concomitant cell death following plasma treatment. In conclusion, we observed rapid accumulation of acidic vesicles and cell death following CAP treatment in GBM cells. We found no evidence that either apoptosis or autophagy, however, determined that a rapid accumulation of late stage endosomes/lysosomes precedes membrane permeabilisation, mitochondrial membrane depolarisation and caspase independent cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gillian E Conway
- School of Food Science & Environmental Health, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. .,FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. .,Environmental Sustainability & Health Institute, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. .,In-Vitro Toxicology Group, Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, UK.
| | - Zhonglei He
- School of Food Science & Environmental Health, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Environmental Sustainability & Health Institute, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ana Lacramioara Hutanu
- School of Biochemistry & Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - George Paul Cribaro
- Institut de Neurociències & Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eline Manaloto
- School of Food Science & Environmental Health, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Environmental Sustainability & Health Institute, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Alan Casey
- FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Physics & Clinical & Optometric Sciences, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Damien Traynor
- FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Vladimir Milosavljevic
- FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Physics & Clinical & Optometric Sciences, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Orla Howe
- FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Environmental Sustainability & Health Institute, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Biological & Health Sciences, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Carlos Barcia
- Institut de Neurociències & Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - James T Murray
- School of Biochemistry & Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Patrick J Cullen
- School of Food Science & Environmental Health, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Environmental Sustainability & Health Institute, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Sydney, Darlington, Australia
| | - James F Curtin
- School of Food Science & Environmental Health, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. .,FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. .,Environmental Sustainability & Health Institute, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
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49
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Aspirin Eugenol Ester Reduces H 2O 2-Induced Oxidative Stress of HUVECs via Mitochondria-Lysosome Axis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:8098135. [PMID: 31583045 PMCID: PMC6754946 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8098135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The oxidative stress of vessel endothelium is a major risk factor of cardiovascular disorders. Antioxidative stress drugs are widely used in cardiovascular therapy. Aspirin eugenol ester (AEE) is a new pharmaceutical compound synthesized by esterification reaction of aspirin with eugenols and possesses antioxidative activity. The present study was designed to investigate the mechanism how AEE protects human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) from H2O2-induced oxidative stress. H2O2 was given to the HUVECs with or without AEE pretreatment. Changes in the oxidative stress-related factors, including those related to the mitochondria-lysosome axis, were determined with Western blotting, cellular immunofluorescence, and enzyme activity test. The results showed that, in the HUVECs, 300 μM H2O2 treatment significantly increased the apoptosis rate, MDA concentration, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, mitochondrial membrane potential, expression of Bax and mature cathepsin D (CTSD), and activity of CTSD and Caspase3 (Cas3) but decreased the expression of Bcl2 and lysosomal membrane stability, while in the HUVECs pretreated with AEE, the above changes caused by either the stimulatory or the inhibitory effect of H2O2 on the relevant factors were significantly reduced. AEE pretreatment significantly enhanced the activity of cellular superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in the HUVECs. Our findings suggest that AEE effectively reduced H2O2-induced oxidative stress in the HUVECs via mitochondria-lysosome axis.
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50
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Wen M, Jin Y, Zhang H, Sun X, Kuai Y, Tan W. Proteomic Analysis of Rat Cerebral Cortex in the Subacute to Long-Term Phases of Focal Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. J Proteome Res 2019; 18:3099-3118. [PMID: 31265301 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.9b00220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Stroke is a leading cause of mortality and disability, and ischemic stroke accounts for more than 80% of the disease occurrence. Timely reperfusion is essential in the treatment of ischemic stroke, but it is known to cause ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury and the relevant studies have mostly focused on the acute phase. Here we reported on a global proteomic analysis to investigate the development of cerebral I/R injury in the subacute and long-term phases. A rat model was used, with 2 h-middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) followed with 1, 7, and 14 days of reperfusion. The proteins of cerebral cortex were analyzed by SDS-PAGE, whole-gel slicing, and quantitative LC-MS/MS. Totally 5621 proteins were identified, among which 568, 755, and 492 proteins were detected to have significant dys-regulation in the model groups with 1, 7, and 14 days of reperfusion, respectively, when compared with the corresponding sham groups (n = 4, fold change ≥1.5 or ≤0.67 and p ≤ 0.05). Bioinformatic analysis on the functions and reperfusion time-dependent dys-regulation profiles of the proteins exhibited changes of structures and biological processes in cytoskeleton, synaptic plasticity, energy metabolism, inflammation, and lysosome from subacute to long-term phases of cerebral I/R injury. Disruption of cytoskeleton and synaptic structures, impairment of energy metabolism processes, and acute inflammation responses were the most significant features in the subacute phase. With the elongation of reperfusion time to the long-term phase, a tendency of recovery was detected on cytoskeleton, while inflammation pathways different from the subacute phase were activated. Also, lysosomal structures and functions might be restored. This is the first work reporting the proteome changes that occurred at different time points from the subacute to long-term phases of cerebral I/R injury and we expect it would provide useful information to improve the understanding of the mechanisms involved in the development of cerebral I/R injury and suggest candidates for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Wen
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510006 , P. R. China
| | - Ya Jin
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Guangdong University of Technology , Guangzhou 510006 , P. R. China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Guangdong University of Technology , Guangzhou 510006 , P. R. China
| | - Xiaoou Sun
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Guangdong University of Technology , Guangzhou 510006 , P. R. China
| | - Yihe Kuai
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Guangdong University of Technology , Guangzhou 510006 , P. R. China
| | - Wen Tan
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Guangdong University of Technology , Guangzhou 510006 , P. R. China
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