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Yang J, Sun Q, Liu X, Yang Y, Rong R, Yan P, Xie Y. Targeting Notch signaling pathways with natural bioactive compounds: a promising approach against cancer. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1412669. [PMID: 39092224 PMCID: PMC11291470 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1412669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Notch signaling pathway is activated abnormally in solid and hematological tumors, which perform essential functions in cell differentiation, survival, proliferation, and angiogenesis. The activation of Notch signaling and communication among Notch and other oncogenic pathways heighten malignancy aggressiveness. Thus, targeting Notch signaling offers opportunities for improved survival and reduced disease incidence. Already, most attention has been given to its role in the cancer cells. Recent research shows that natural bioactive compounds can change signaling molecules that are linked to or interact with the Notch pathways. This suggests that there may be a link between Notch activation and the growth of tumors. Here, we sum up the natural bioactive compounds that possess inhibitory effects on human cancers by impeding the Notch pathway and preventing Notch crosstalk with other oncogenic pathways, which provoke further study of these natural products to derive rational therapeutic regimens for the treatment of cancer and develop novel anticancer drugs. This review revealed Notch as a highly challenging but promising target in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qihui Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Rong Rong
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Peiyu Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Ying Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Shi Q, Xue C, Zeng Y, Yuan X, Chu Q, Jiang S, Wang J, Zhang Y, Zhu D, Li L. Notch signaling pathway in cancer: from mechanistic insights to targeted therapies. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:128. [PMID: 38797752 PMCID: PMC11128457 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01828-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Notch signaling, renowned for its role in regulating cell fate, organ development, and tissue homeostasis across metazoans, is highly conserved throughout evolution. The Notch receptor and its ligands are transmembrane proteins containing epidermal growth factor-like repeat sequences, typically necessitating receptor-ligand interaction to initiate classical Notch signaling transduction. Accumulating evidence indicates that the Notch signaling pathway serves as both an oncogenic factor and a tumor suppressor in various cancer types. Dysregulation of this pathway promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition and angiogenesis in malignancies, closely linked to cancer proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. Furthermore, the Notch signaling pathway contributes to maintaining stem-like properties in cancer cells, thereby enhancing cancer invasiveness. The regulatory role of the Notch signaling pathway in cancer metabolic reprogramming and the tumor microenvironment suggests its pivotal involvement in balancing oncogenic and tumor suppressive effects. Moreover, the Notch signaling pathway is implicated in conferring chemoresistance to tumor cells. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of these biological processes is crucial for developing innovative therapeutic strategies targeting Notch signaling. This review focuses on the research progress of the Notch signaling pathway in cancers, providing in-depth insights into the potential mechanisms of Notch signaling regulation in the occurrence and progression of cancer. Additionally, the review summarizes pharmaceutical clinical trials targeting Notch signaling for cancer therapy, aiming to offer new insights into therapeutic strategies for human malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingmiao Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Chen Xue
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Yifan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Xin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Qingfei Chu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Shuwen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Jinzhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Yaqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Danhua Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
| | - Lanjuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
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Ambrogi M, Vezina CM. Roles of airway and intestinal epithelia in responding to pathogens and maintaining tissue homeostasis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1346087. [PMID: 38736751 PMCID: PMC11082347 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1346087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Epithelial cells form a resilient barrier and orchestrate defensive and reparative mechanisms to maintain tissue stability. This review focuses on gut and airway epithelia, which are positioned where the body interfaces with the outside world. We review the many signaling pathways and mechanisms by which epithelial cells at the interface respond to invading pathogens to mount an innate immune response and initiate adaptive immunity and communicate with other cells, including resident microbiota, to heal damaged tissue and maintain homeostasis. We compare and contrast how airway and gut epithelial cells detect pathogens, release antimicrobial effectors, collaborate with macrophages, Tregs and epithelial stem cells to mount an immune response and orchestrate tissue repair. We also describe advanced research models for studying epithelial communication and behaviors during inflammation, tissue injury and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chad M. Vezina
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
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Gorji-Bahri G, Krishna BM, Hagerling C, Orimo A, Jirström K, Papadakos KS, Blom AM. Stromal cartilage oligomeric matrix protein as a tumorigenic driver in ovarian cancer via Notch3 signaling and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. J Transl Med 2024; 22:351. [PMID: 38615020 PMCID: PMC11016227 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05083-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), an extracellular matrix glycoprotein, is vital in preserving cartilage integrity. Further, its overexpression is associated with the aggressiveness of several types of solid cancers. This study investigated COMP's role in ovarian cancer, exploring clinicopathological links and mechanistic insights. METHODS To study the association of COMP expression in cancer cells and stroma with clinicopathological features of ovarian tumor patients, we analyzed an epithelial ovarian tumor cohort by immunohistochemical analysis. Subsequently, to study the functional mechanisms played by COMP, an in vivo xenograft mouse model and several molecular biology techniques such as transwell migration and invasion assay, tumorsphere formation assay, proximity ligation assay, and RT-qPCR array were performed. RESULTS Based on immunohistochemical analysis of epithelial ovarian tumor tissues, COMP expression in the stroma, but not in cancer cells, was linked to worse overall survival (OS) of ovarian cancer patients. A xenograft mouse model showed that carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) expressing COMP stimulate the growth and metastasis of ovarian tumors through the secretion of COMP. The expression of COMP was upregulated in CAFs stimulated with TGF-β. Functionally, secreted COMP by CAFs enhanced the migratory capacity of ovarian cancer cells. Mechanistically, COMP activated the Notch3 receptor by enhancing the Notch3-Jagged1 interaction. The dependency of the COMP effect on Notch was confirmed when the migration and tumorsphere formation of COMP-treated ovarian cancer cells were inhibited upon incubation with Notch inhibitors. Moreover, COMP treatment induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and upregulation of active β-catenin in ovarian cancer cells. CONCLUSION This study suggests that COMP secretion by CAFs drives ovarian cancer progression through the induction of the Notch pathway and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilar Gorji-Bahri
- Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - B Madhu Krishna
- Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | - Akira Orimo
- Department of Pathology and Oncology, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Karin Jirström
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Anna M Blom
- Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
- Division of Medical Protein Chemistry, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
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Hurst R, Brewer DS, Gihawi A, Wain J, Cooper CS. Cancer invasion and anaerobic bacteria: new insights into mechanisms. J Med Microbiol 2024; 73:001817. [PMID: 38535967 PMCID: PMC10995961 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
There is growing evidence that altered microbiota abundance of a range of specific anaerobic bacteria are associated with cancer, including Peptoniphilus spp., Porphyromonas spp., Fusobacterium spp., Fenollaria spp., Prevotella spp., Sneathia spp., Veillonella spp. and Anaerococcus spp. linked to multiple cancer types. In this review we explore these pathogenic associations. The mechanisms by which bacteria are known or predicted to interact with human cells are reviewed and we present an overview of the interlinked mechanisms and hypotheses of how multiple intracellular anaerobic bacterial pathogens may act together to cause host cell and tissue microenvironment changes associated with carcinogenesis and cancer cell invasion. These include combined effects on changes in cell signalling, DNA damage, cellular metabolism and immune evasion. Strategies for early detection and eradication of anaerobic cancer-associated bacterial pathogens that may prevent cancer progression are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Hurst
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Daniel S. Brewer
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, NR4 7TJ, UK
- Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park Innovation Centre, Colney Lane, Norwich NR4 7UZ, UK
| | - Abraham Gihawi
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - John Wain
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, NR4 7TJ, UK
- Quadram Institute Biosciences, Colney Lane, Norwich, Norfolk, NR4 7UQ, UK
| | - Colin S. Cooper
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, NR4 7TJ, UK
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Zhao Y, Wang G, Wei Z, Li D, Morshedi M. RETRACTED ARTICLE: Wnt, notch signaling and exercise: what are their functions? Hum Cell 2024:10.1007/s13577-024-01036-3. [PMID: 38386243 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-024-01036-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Yijie Zhao
- Ministry of Public Sports, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China
| | - Guangjun Wang
- Ministry of Public Sports, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China.
| | - Zhifeng Wei
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China
| | - Duo Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China
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Sinha S, Hembram KC, Chatterjee S. Targeting signaling pathways in cancer stem cells: A potential approach for developing novel anti-cancer therapeutics. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 385:157-209. [PMID: 38663959 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2024.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have emerged as prime players in the intricate landscape of cancer development, progression, and resistance to traditional treatments. These unique cellular subpopulations own the remarkable capability of self-renewal and differentiation, giving rise to the diverse cellular makeup of tumors and fostering their recurrence following conventional therapies. In the quest for developing more effective cancer therapeutics, the focus has now shifted toward targeting the signaling pathways that govern CSCs behavior. This chapter underscores the significance of these signaling pathways in CSC biology and their potential as pivotal targets for the development of novel chemotherapy approaches. We delve into several key signaling pathways essential for maintaining the defining characteristics of CSCs, including the Wnt, Hedgehog, Notch, JAK-STAT, NF-κB pathways, among others, shedding light on their potential crosstalk. Furthermore, we highlight the latest advancements in CSC-targeted therapies, spanning from promising preclinical models to ongoing clinical trials. A comprehensive understanding of the intricate molecular aspects of CSC signaling pathways and their manipulation holds the prospective to revolutionize cancer treatment paradigms. This, in turn, could lead to more efficacious and personalized therapies with the ultimate goal of eradicating CSCs and enhancing overall patient outcomes. The exploration of CSC signaling pathways represents a key step towards a brighter future in the battle against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saptarshi Sinha
- National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Kalyani, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Subhajit Chatterjee
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.
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Ilari A, Cogliati V, Sherif N, Grassilli E, Ramazzotti D, Cordani N, Cazzaniga G, Di Bella C, Lavitrano M, Cazzaniga ME, Cerrito MG. Differential Expression of NOTCH-1 and Its Molecular Targets in Response to Metronomic Followed by Conventional Therapy in a Patient with Advanced Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Biomedicines 2024; 12:272. [PMID: 38397874 PMCID: PMC10886740 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12020272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
A group of 27 patients diagnosed with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC) was randomly distributed into two groups and underwent different lines of metronomic treatment (mCHT). The former group (N 14) received first-line mCHT and showed a higher overall survival rate than the second group (N 13), which underwent second-line mCHT. Analysis of one patient still alive from the first group, diagnosed with mTNBC in 2019, showed a complete metabolic response (CMR) after a composite approach implicating first-line mCHT followed by second-line epirubicin and third-line nab-paclitaxel, and was chosen for subsequent molecular characterization. We found altered expression in the cancer stemness-associated gene NOTCH-1 and its corresponding protein. Additionally, we found changes in the expression of oncogenes, such as MYC and AKT, along with their respective proteins. Overall, our data suggest that a first-line treatment with mCHT followed by MTD might be effective by negatively regulating stemness traits usually associated with the emergence of drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Ilari
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Milano-Bicocca University, 20900 Monza, Italy; (A.I.); (N.S.); (E.G.); (D.R.); (N.C.); (M.L.); (M.E.C.)
| | - Viola Cogliati
- Phase 1 Research Centre, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Via Pergolesi 33, 20900 Monza, Italy;
| | - Noorhan Sherif
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Milano-Bicocca University, 20900 Monza, Italy; (A.I.); (N.S.); (E.G.); (D.R.); (N.C.); (M.L.); (M.E.C.)
| | - Emanuela Grassilli
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Milano-Bicocca University, 20900 Monza, Italy; (A.I.); (N.S.); (E.G.); (D.R.); (N.C.); (M.L.); (M.E.C.)
| | - Daniele Ramazzotti
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Milano-Bicocca University, 20900 Monza, Italy; (A.I.); (N.S.); (E.G.); (D.R.); (N.C.); (M.L.); (M.E.C.)
| | - Nicoletta Cordani
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Milano-Bicocca University, 20900 Monza, Italy; (A.I.); (N.S.); (E.G.); (D.R.); (N.C.); (M.L.); (M.E.C.)
| | - Giorgio Cazzaniga
- Department of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Via Pergolesi 33, 20900 Monza, Italy; (G.C.); (C.D.B.)
| | - Camillo Di Bella
- Department of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Via Pergolesi 33, 20900 Monza, Italy; (G.C.); (C.D.B.)
| | - Marialuisa Lavitrano
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Milano-Bicocca University, 20900 Monza, Italy; (A.I.); (N.S.); (E.G.); (D.R.); (N.C.); (M.L.); (M.E.C.)
| | - Marina Elena Cazzaniga
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Milano-Bicocca University, 20900 Monza, Italy; (A.I.); (N.S.); (E.G.); (D.R.); (N.C.); (M.L.); (M.E.C.)
- Phase 1 Research Centre, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Via Pergolesi 33, 20900 Monza, Italy;
| | - Maria Grazia Cerrito
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Milano-Bicocca University, 20900 Monza, Italy; (A.I.); (N.S.); (E.G.); (D.R.); (N.C.); (M.L.); (M.E.C.)
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Alafnan A, Khalifa NE, Hussain T, Osman ME. Cucurbitacin-B instigates intrinsic apoptosis and modulates Notch signaling in androgen-dependent prostate cancer LNCaP cells. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1206981. [PMID: 37448964 PMCID: PMC10338038 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1206981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Among numerous triterpenoids of the Cucurbitaceae family, Cucurbitacin-B (Cur-B) is being explored for its pharmacological attributes. Reports from previous studies have explicitly shown that Cur-B possesses substantial anticancer effects. The present report focuses on exploring the anticancer attributes of Cur-B against androgen-dependent PCa LNCaP cells. Methods: LNCaP cells were exposed to commercially available purified Cur-B at varying concentrations that were selected as 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 µM for some time of 24 h to perform various experimental studies. Results: Cytotoxicity evaluation revealed that Cur-B impeded the LNCaP cell's viability at 5 µM (p <0.05) which increased considerably at a concentration of 25 µM (p <0.001). Cur-B was also efficacious in inducing the changes within nu-clear morphology followed by a concomitant increase in the activities of key caspases including caspase-3, -8, and -9 intriguingly in a dose-dependent trend. Cur-B treatment not only resulted in the augmentation of intracellular ROS levels within LNCaP cells at 5 µM (p <0.05) but also in-creased significantly at 25 µM concentration (p <0.001). Elevation in the ROS levels was also found to be correlated with dissipated mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) which culminated in the onset of significant apoptosis at 25 µM concentration (p <0.001). Cur-B exposure also resulted in the downregulation of cyclin D1, cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) followed by amplified levels of p21Cip1 mRNA. Importantly, exposure of Cur-B competently reduced the expression of the Notch signaling cascade which may be the plausible cause behind Cur-B-instigated apoptotic cell death and cell cycle arrest in LNCaP cells. Discussion: These observations thus, explicitly indicated that Cur-B could be plausibly further explored as potent therapeutics against androgen-dependent PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Alafnan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha’il, Ha’il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasrin E. Khalifa
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha’il, Ha’il, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Talib Hussain
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha’il, Ha’il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mhdia Elhadi Osman
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha’il, Ha’il, Saudi Arabia
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Abulsoud AI, Elshaer SS, El-Husseiny AA, Fathi D, Abdelmaksoud NM, Abdel Mageed SS, Salman A, Zaki MB, El-Mahdy HA, Ismail A, Elsakka EGE, Abd-Elmawla MA, El-Husseiny HM, Ibrahim WS, Doghish AS. The potential role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of salivary gland cancer - A Focus on signaling pathways interplay. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 247:154584. [PMID: 37267724 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Salivary gland cancer (SGC) is immensely heterogeneous, both in terms of its physical manifestation and its aggressiveness. Developing a novel diagnostic and prognostic detection method based on the noninvasive profiling of microribonucleic acids (miRs) could be a goal for the clinical management of these specific malignancies, sparing the patients' valuable time. miRs are promising candidates as prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets or factors that can advance the therapy of SGC due to their ability to posttranscriptionally regulate the expression of various genes involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, cell cycle, apoptosis, invasion, and angiogenesis. Depending on their biological function, many miRs may contribute to the development of SGC. Therefore, this article serves as an accelerated study guide for SGC and the biogenesis of miRs. Here, we shall list the miRs whose function in SGC pathogenesis has recently been determined with an emphasis on their potential applications as therapeutic targets. We will also offer a synopsis of the current state of knowledge about oncogenic and tumor suppressor miRs in relation to SGC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed I Abulsoud
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Shereen Saeid Elshaer
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr city, Cairo 11823, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A El-Husseiny
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City 11829, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Doaa Fathi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Nourhan M Abdelmaksoud
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Sherif S Abdel Mageed
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Aya Salman
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City 11829, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Bakr Zaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Menoufia 32897, Egypt
| | - Hesham A El-Mahdy
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed Ismail
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Elsayed G E Elsakka
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mai A Abd-Elmawla
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hussein M El-Husseiny
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai Cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan; Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology, and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh, Elqaliobiya 13736, Egypt
| | - Wael S Ibrahim
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt; Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt.
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Ahmad SMS, Nazar H, Rahman MM, Rusyniak RS, Ouhtit A. ITGB1BP1, a Novel Transcriptional Target of CD44-Downstream Signaling Promoting Cancer Cell Invasion. BREAST CANCER (DOVE MEDICAL PRESS) 2023; 15:373-380. [PMID: 37252376 PMCID: PMC10225144 DOI: 10.2147/bctt.s404565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy worldwide and has a poor prognosis, because it begins in the breast and disseminates to lymph nodes and distant organs. While invading, BC cells acquire aggressive characteristics from the tumor microenvironment through several mechanisms. Thus, understanding the mechanisms underlying the process of BC cell invasion can pave the way towards the development of targeted therapeutics focused on metastasis. We have previously reported that the activation of CD44 receptor with its major ligand hyaluronan (HA) promotes BC metastasis to the liver in vivo. Next, a gene expression profiling microarray analysis was conducted to identify and validate CD44-downstream transcriptional targets mediating its pro-metastatic function from RNA samples collected from Tet CD44-induced versus control MCF7-B5 cells. We have already validated a number of novel CD44-target genes and published their underlying signaling pathways in promoting BC cell invasion. From the same microarray analysis, Integrin subunit beta 1 binding protein 1 (ITGB1BP1) was also identified as a potential CD44-target gene that was upregulated (2-fold) upon HA activation of CD44. This report will review the lines of evidence collected from the literature to support our hypothesis, and further discuss the possible mechanisms linking HA activation of CD44 to its novel potential transcriptional target ITGB1BP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma M S Ahmad
- Biological Sciences Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Science, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hanan Nazar
- Biological Sciences Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Science, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Md Mizanur Rahman
- Biological Sciences Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Science, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Radoslaw Stefan Rusyniak
- Biological Sciences Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Science, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Allal Ouhtit
- Biological Sciences Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Science, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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12
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Gao H, Wang W, Li Q. GANT61 suppresses cell survival, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition through inactivating AKT/mTOR and JAK/STAT3 pathways in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. Cancer Biol Ther 2022; 23:369-377. [PMID: 35491899 PMCID: PMC9067515 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2022.2051158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma-associated oncogene (Gli) antagonist-61 (GANT61) not only suppresses the malignant behavior of several cancers but also presents synergistic effects with other anticancer agents on suppressing the progression of cancers, while relevant information is rare in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC). This study aimed to explore the therapeutic effect of GANT61 in ATC and its molecular mechanism. ATC cells (8505C and CAL-62) were treated with GANT61, followed by detection of cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers. Subsequently, RNA sequencing was performed to explore the potential downstream pathway. Following that, rescue experiments were conducted by SC79 (AKT activator) or colivelin (STAT3 activator) monotreatment or combined with GANT61 in ATC cells. GANT61 reduced Gli1 expression, suppressed proliferation at several time settings, promoted apoptosis, inhibited invasion and increased E-cadherin while decreased Vimentin and Snail expressions (EMT markers) in ATC cells. The subsequent RNA sequence identified 85 upregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 71 downregulated DEGs in GANT61-treated ATC cells, which were mainly enriched in PI3K/AKT, JAK/STAT, Hedgehog and mTOR pathways. Next, the inactivation of AKT/mTOR and JAK/STAT3 pathways by GANT61 treatment was verified by western blot. The following rescue experiments showed that SC79 or colivelin treatment promoted the malignant behaviors of ATC cells. More importantly, SC79 or colivelin treatment compensated the effect of GANT61 treatment on cell proliferation at several time settings and apoptosis, invasion, and part of that on EMT in ATC cells. GANT61 suppresses cell survival, invasion and EMT through inactivating AKT/mTOR or JAK/STAT3 pathways in ATC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoji Gao
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weige Wang
- Medical Department, RIGEN Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinyu Li
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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13
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Mihanfar A, Yousefi B, Azizzadeh B, Majidinia M. Interactions of melatonin with various signaling pathways: implications for cancer therapy. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:420. [PMID: 36581900 PMCID: PMC9798601 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02825-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is a neuro-hormone with conserved roles in evolution. Initially synthetized as an antioxidant molecule, it has gained prominence as a key molecule in the regulation of the circadian rhythm. Melatonin exerts its effect by binding to cytoplasmic and intra-nuclear receptors, and is able to regulate the expression of key mediators of different signaling pathways. This ability has led scholars to investigate the role of melatonin in reversing the process of carcinogenesis, a process in which many signaling pathways are involved, and regulating these pathways may be of clinical significance. In this review, the role of melatonin in regulating multiple signaling pathways with important roles in cancer progression is discussed, and evidence regarding the beneficence of targeting malignancies with this approach is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainaz Mihanfar
- grid.412763.50000 0004 0442 8645Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- grid.412888.f0000 0001 2174 8913Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Bita Azizzadeh
- grid.449129.30000 0004 0611 9408Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Maryam Majidinia
- grid.412763.50000 0004 0442 8645Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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14
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Yousefi H, Bahramy A, Zafari N, Delavar MR, Nguyen K, Haghi A, Kandelouei T, Vittori C, Jazireian P, Maleki S, Imani D, Moshksar A, Bitaraf A, Babashah S. Notch signaling pathway: a comprehensive prognostic and gene expression profile analysis in breast cancer. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:1282. [PMID: 36476410 PMCID: PMC9730604 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10383-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a complex disease exhibiting a great degree of heterogeneity due to different molecular subtypes. Notch signaling regulates the differentiation of breast epithelial cells during normal development and plays a crucial role in breast cancer progression through the abnormal expression of the Notch up-and down-stream effectors. To date, there are only a few patient-centered clinical studies using datasets characterizing the role of Notch signaling pathway regulators in breast cancer; thus, we investigate the role and functionality of these factors in different subtypes using publicly available databases containing records from large studies. High-throughput genomic data and clinical information extracted from TCGA were analyzed. We performed Kaplan-Meier survival and differential gene expression analyses using the HALLMARK_NOTCH_SIGNALING gene set. To determine if epigenetic regulation of the Notch regulators contributes to their expression, we analyzed methylation levels of these factors using the TCGA HumanMethylation450 Array data. Notch receptors and ligands expression is generally associated with the tumor subtype, grade, and stage. Furthermore, we showed gene expression levels of most Notch factors were associated with DNA methylation rate. Modulating the expression levels of Notch receptors and effectors can be a potential therapeutic approach for breast cancer. As we outline herein, elucidating the novel prognostic and regulatory roles of Notch implicate this pathway as an essential mediator controlling breast cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Yousefi
- Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Science Center (LSUHSC), New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Afshin Bahramy
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Narges Zafari
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Rostamian Delavar
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Khoa Nguyen
- Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Atousa Haghi
- Hematology Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tahmineh Kandelouei
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Cecilia Vittori
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center (LSUHSC), and Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Parham Jazireian
- Department of Biology, University Campus 2, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Sajad Maleki
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Danyal Imani
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Moshksar
- Interventional Radiology, University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Amirreza Bitaraf
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box, Tehran, 14115-154, Iran
| | - Sadegh Babashah
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box, Tehran, 14115-154, Iran.
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15
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Chen W, Zhang Y, Li R, Huang W, Wei X, Zeng D, Liang Y, Zeng Y, Chen M, Zhang L, Gao W, Zhu Y, Li Y, Zhang G. Notch3 Transactivates Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3-Beta and Inhibits Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Breast Cancer Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11182872. [PMID: 36139447 PMCID: PMC9497076 DOI: 10.3390/cells11182872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
As a critical transformational process in the attributes of epithelial cells, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is involved in tumor invasion, metastasis, and resistance to treatment, which contributes to the ultimate death of some patients with breast cancer. Glycogen synthase kinase-3-beta (GSK3β) is thought to be an EMT suppressor that down-regulates the protein, snail, a zinc finger transcription inhibitor, and regulates E-cadherin expression and the Wnt signaling pathway. Our previous studies have shown that Notch3 also inhibits EMT in breast cancer. In mammary gland cells, GSK3β physically bound and phosphorylated the intracellular domain of two Notch paralogs: N1ICD was positively regulated, but N2ICD was negatively regulated; however, the relationship between Notch3, GSK3β, and EMT in breast cancer is still unclear and crosstalk between Notch3 and GSK3β has not been widely investigated. In this study, we revealed that Notch3 was an essential antagonist of EMT in breast cancer cells by transcriptionally upregulating GSK3β. In breast cancer, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines, the silencing of Notch3 reduced GSK3β expression, which is sufficient to induce EMT. Conversely, ectopic Notch3 expression re-activated GSK3β and E-cadherin. Mechanistically, Notch3 can bind to the GSK3β promoter directly and activate GSK3β transcription. In human breast cancer samples, Notch3 expression is positively associated with GSK3β (r = 0.416, p = 0.001); moreover, high expressions of Notch3 and GSK3β mRNA are correlated to better relapse-free survival in all breast cancer patients via analysis in "the Kaplan-Meier plotter" database. In summary, our preliminary results suggested that Notch3 might inhibit EMT by trans-activating GSK3β in breast cancer cells. The suppression of Notch3 expression may contribute to EMT by transcriptionally downregulating GSK3β in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiling Chen
- Department of Breast-Thyroid-Surgery and Cancer Center, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361101, China
- Key Laboratory for Endocrine-Related Cancer Precision Medicine of Xiamen, No. 2000 Xiang’an East Road, Xiamen 361101, China
- Xiamen Research Center of Clinical Medicine in Breast & Thyroid Cancers, No. 2000 Xiang’an East Road, Xiamen 361101, China
| | - Yongqu Zhang
- Department of Breast-Thyroid-Surgery and Cancer Center, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361101, China
- Key Laboratory for Endocrine-Related Cancer Precision Medicine of Xiamen, No. 2000 Xiang’an East Road, Xiamen 361101, China
- Xiamen Research Center of Clinical Medicine in Breast & Thyroid Cancers, No. 2000 Xiang’an East Road, Xiamen 361101, China
| | - Ronghui Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, No. 2000 Xiang’an East Road, Xiamen 361101, China
| | - Wenhe Huang
- Department of Breast-Thyroid-Surgery and Cancer Center, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361101, China
- Key Laboratory for Endocrine-Related Cancer Precision Medicine of Xiamen, No. 2000 Xiang’an East Road, Xiamen 361101, China
- Xiamen Research Center of Clinical Medicine in Breast & Thyroid Cancers, No. 2000 Xiang’an East Road, Xiamen 361101, China
| | - Xiaolong Wei
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 7 Raoping Road, Shantou 515041, China
| | - De Zeng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 7 Raoping Road, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Yuanke Liang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 57 Changping Road, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Yunzhu Zeng
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 7 Raoping Road, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Min Chen
- Key Laboratory for Endocrine-Related Cancer Precision Medicine of Xiamen, No. 2000 Xiang’an East Road, Xiamen 361101, China
| | - Lixin Zhang
- Department of Breast-Thyroid-Surgery and Cancer Center, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361101, China
- Key Laboratory for Endocrine-Related Cancer Precision Medicine of Xiamen, No. 2000 Xiang’an East Road, Xiamen 361101, China
- Xiamen Research Center of Clinical Medicine in Breast & Thyroid Cancers, No. 2000 Xiang’an East Road, Xiamen 361101, China
| | - Wenliang Gao
- Department of Breast-Thyroid-Surgery and Cancer Center, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361101, China
- Key Laboratory for Endocrine-Related Cancer Precision Medicine of Xiamen, No. 2000 Xiang’an East Road, Xiamen 361101, China
- Xiamen Research Center of Clinical Medicine in Breast & Thyroid Cancers, No. 2000 Xiang’an East Road, Xiamen 361101, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhu
- Department of Breast-Thyroid-Surgery and Cancer Center, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361101, China
- Key Laboratory for Endocrine-Related Cancer Precision Medicine of Xiamen, No. 2000 Xiang’an East Road, Xiamen 361101, China
- Xiamen Research Center of Clinical Medicine in Breast & Thyroid Cancers, No. 2000 Xiang’an East Road, Xiamen 361101, China
| | - Yaochen Li
- Department of Central Lab, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 7 Raoping Road, Shantou 515041, China
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (G.Z.)
| | - Guojun Zhang
- Department of Breast-Thyroid-Surgery and Cancer Center, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361101, China
- Key Laboratory for Endocrine-Related Cancer Precision Medicine of Xiamen, No. 2000 Xiang’an East Road, Xiamen 361101, China
- Xiamen Research Center of Clinical Medicine in Breast & Thyroid Cancers, No. 2000 Xiang’an East Road, Xiamen 361101, China
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (G.Z.)
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16
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Yu J, Yang H, Lv C, Dai X. The cytotoxicity of karanjin toward breast cancer cells is involved in the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Drug Dev Res 2022; 83:1673-1682. [PMID: 36065628 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Karanjin is a bioactive furanoflavonoid with various pharmacological activities including anticancer activities. However, the effect and the related mechanism of karanjin in breast cancer (BC) have not been revealed. The potential targets of karanjin and BC were predicted using SwissTargetPrediction and GeneCards databases, respectively. The overlapping targets between karanjin and BC were identified using the Venn diagram. DAVID database was used for the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment pathway analysis. Cell viability, proliferation, and apoptosis were examined by MTT (3-(4, 5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2, 5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide), EdU (5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine) incorporation, and TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP digoxigenin nick-end labeling) assays, respectively. The protein levels were measured by western blot analysis. We screened out 28 overlapping targets between karanjin and BC. KEGG analysis showed that the targets of karanjin in BC were associated with the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) pathway. Karanjin inhibited cell viability and impeded the proliferative ability of BC cells. Moreover, karanjin treatment induced apoptosis in BC cells. Additionally, karanjin treatment blocked the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway reversed the antitumor effect of karanjin on BC cells. In conclusion, karanjin exerted antitumor activity in BC cells by regulating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsong Yu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Nanyang First People's Hospital Affiliated to Henan University, Nanyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Thyroid Tumor Prevention and Treatment of Nanyang, Nanyang First People's Hospital Affiliated to Henan University, Nanyang, China
| | - Han Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanshi Hospital of Nanyang, Nanyang, China
| | - Chunliu Lv
- Department of Breast Tumor Plastic Surgery (Department of Head and Neck Surgery), Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaowei Dai
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
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17
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Lv L, Yang S, Zhu Y, Zhai X, Li S, Tao X, Dong D. Relationship between metabolic reprogramming and drug resistance in breast cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:942064. [PMID: 36059650 PMCID: PMC9434120 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.942064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in women. At present, chemotherapy is the main method to treat breast cancer in addition to surgery and radiotherapy, but the process of chemotherapy is often accompanied by the development of drug resistance, which leads to a reduction in drug efficacy. Furthermore, mounting evidence indicates that drug resistance is caused by dysregulated cellular metabolism, and metabolic reprogramming, including enhanced glucose metabolism, fatty acid synthesis and glutamine metabolic rates, is one of the hallmarks of cancer. Changes in metabolism have been considered one of the most important causes of resistance to treatment, and knowledge of the mechanisms involved will help in identifying potential treatment deficiencies. To improve women’s survival outcomes, it is vital to elucidate the relationship between metabolic reprogramming and drug resistance in breast cancer. This review analyzes and investigates the reprogramming of metabolism and resistance to breast cancer therapy, and the results offer promise for novel targeted and cell-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Lv
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Shilei Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yanna Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaohan Zhai
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Shuai Li
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xufeng Tao
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- *Correspondence: Xufeng Tao, ; Deshi Dong,
| | - Deshi Dong
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- *Correspondence: Xufeng Tao, ; Deshi Dong,
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18
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Skrypnik D, Skrypnik K, Suliburska J, Bogdański P. Cardiac rehabilitation may influence leptin and VEGF A crosstalk in patients after acute coronary syndrome. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11825. [PMID: 35821400 PMCID: PMC9276756 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16053-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Leptin, a well-proven cardiovascular risk factor, influences vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF A) synthesis via hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1A), nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NfkB) and NILCO (Notch, interleukin 1 [IL1] and leptin cross-talk outcome) pathways. This study aimed to investigate the influence of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) on HIF-1A, NfkB and NILCO dependent leptin and VEGF A cross-talk in patients after acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Fifty post-ACS patients underwent a 2-week CR programme (study group S) and were compared to 50 post-ACS subjects who did not undergo CR (control group K). In group S, at baseline and at completion and in group K once, anthropometric, body composition, blood pressure and heart rate measurements were taken and blood sampling was performed. Serum levels of leptin, VEGF A, VEGF receptor 2 (VEGF R2), HIF-1A, NfkB, interleukin 1-alpha (IL1-alpha) and Notch 1 were determined. In group S, serum VEGF A levels increased while leptin, HIF-1A and VEGF R2 levels decreased and completion but not baseline serum leptin correlated positively with serum VEGF A. Also, serum completion VEGF A correlated positively with NfkB and HIF-1A in group S. Correlation analysis in group S confirmed the significant role of the NILCO pathway in the regulation of VEGF A serum levels mediated by HIF-1A and NfkB. CR may induce the predomination of the NILCO pathway interacting with HIF-1A and NfkB over leptin canonical and non-canonical signalling pathways in the leptin influence on VEGF A in post-ACS patients. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03935438. The CARDIO-REH randomised study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian Skrypnik
- Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Szamarzewskiego St. 82/84, 60-569, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Skrypnik
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego St. 31, 60-624, Poznan, Poland
| | - Joanna Suliburska
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego St. 31, 60-624, Poznan, Poland
| | - Paweł Bogdański
- Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Szamarzewskiego St. 82/84, 60-569, Poznan, Poland
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Chimento A, D’Amico M, Pezzi V, De Amicis F. Notch Signaling in Breast Tumor Microenvironment as Mediator of Drug Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116296. [PMID: 35682974 PMCID: PMC9181656 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Notch signaling dysregulation encourages breast cancer progression through different mechanisms such as stem cell maintenance, cell proliferation and migration/invasion. Furthermore, Notch is a crucial driver regulating juxtracrine and paracrine communications between tumor and stroma. The complex interplay between the abnormal Notch pathway orchestrating the activation of other signals and cellular heterogeneity contribute towards remodeling of the tumor microenvironment. These changes, together with tumor evolution and treatment pressure, drive breast cancer drug resistance. Preclinical studies have shown that targeting the Notch pathway can prevent or reverse resistance, reducing or eliminating breast cancer stem cells. In the present review, we will summarize the current scientific evidence that highlights the involvement of Notch activation within the breast tumor microenvironment, angiogenesis, extracellular matrix remodeling, and tumor/stroma/immune system interplay and its involvement in mechanisms of therapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adele Chimento
- Department of Pharmacy and Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy; (A.C.); (M.D.); (F.D.A.)
| | - Maria D’Amico
- Department of Pharmacy and Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy; (A.C.); (M.D.); (F.D.A.)
- Health Center, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Pezzi
- Department of Pharmacy and Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy; (A.C.); (M.D.); (F.D.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0984-493148
| | - Francesca De Amicis
- Department of Pharmacy and Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy; (A.C.); (M.D.); (F.D.A.)
- Health Center, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
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20
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Emergence of Nanotechnology as a Powerful Cavalry against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC). Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15050542. [PMID: 35631368 PMCID: PMC9143332 DOI: 10.3390/ph15050542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is considered one of the un-manageable types of breast cancer, involving devoid of estrogen, progesterone, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER 2) receptors. Due to their ability of recurrence and metastasis, the management of TNBC remains a mainstay challenge, despite the advancements in cancer therapies. Conventional chemotherapy remains the only treatment regimen against TNBC and suffers several limitations such as low bioavailability, systemic toxicity, less targetability, and multi-drug resistance. Although various targeted therapies have been introduced to manage the hardship of TNBC, they still experience certain limitations associated with the survival benefits. The current research thus aimed at developing and improving the strategies for effective therapy against TNBC. Such strategies involved the emergence of nanoparticles. Nanoparticles are designated as nanocavalries, loaded with various agents (drugs, genes, etc.) to battle the progression and metastasis of TNBC along with overcoming the limitations experienced by conventional chemotherapy and targeted therapy. This article documents the treatment regimens of TNBC along with their efficacy towards different subtypes of TNBC, and the various nanotechnologies employed to increase the therapeutic outcome of FDA-approved drug regimens.
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21
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Láinez-González D, Serrano-López J, Alonso-Dominguez JM. Understanding the Notch Signaling Pathway in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Stem Cells: From Hematopoiesis to Neoplasia. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14061459. [PMID: 35326610 PMCID: PMC8946707 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14061459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The Notch signaling pathway is fundamental to early fetal development, but its role in acute myeloid leukemia is still unclear. It is important to elucidate the function that contains Notch, not only in acute myeloid leukemia, but in leukemic stem cells (LSCs). LSCs seem to be the principal cause of patient relapse. This population is in a quiescent state. Signaling pathways that govern this process must be understood to increase the chemosensitivity of this compartment. In this review, we focus on the conserved Notch signaling pathway, and its repercussions in hematopoiesis and hematological neoplasia. We found in the literature both visions regarding Notch activity in acute myeloid leukemia. On one hand, the activation of Notch leads to cell proliferation, on the other hand, the activation of Notch leads to cell cycle arrest. This dilemma requires further experiments to be answered, in order to understand the role of Notch not only in acute myeloid leukemia, but especially in LSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Láinez-González
- Experimental Hematology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (D.L.-G.); (J.S.-L.)
| | - Juana Serrano-López
- Experimental Hematology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (D.L.-G.); (J.S.-L.)
| | - Juan Manuel Alonso-Dominguez
- Experimental Hematology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (D.L.-G.); (J.S.-L.)
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-918488100-2673
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22
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Cravero K, Pantone MV, Shin DH, Bergman R, Cochran R, Chu D, Zabransky DJ, Karthikeyan S, Waters IG, Hunter N, Rosen DM, Kyker-Snowman K, Dalton WB, Button B, Shinn D, Wong HY, Donaldson J, Hurley PJ, Croessmann S, Park BH. NOTCH1 PEST domain variants are responsive to standard of care treatments despite distinct transformative properties in a breast cancer model. Oncotarget 2022; 13:373-386. [PMID: 35186194 PMCID: PMC8849273 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.28200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Activating variants in the PEST region of NOTCH1 have been associated with aggressive phenotypes in human cancers, including triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Previous studies suggested that PEST domain variants in TNBC patients resulted in increased cell proliferation, invasiveness, and decreased overall survival. In this study, we assess the phenotypic transformation of activating NOTCH1 variants and their response to standard of care therapies. AAV-mediated gene targeting was used to isogenically incorporate 3 NOTCH1 variants, including a novel TNBC frameshift variant, in two non-tumorigenic breast epithelial cell lines, MCF10A and hTERT-IMEC. Two different variants at the NOTCH1 A2241 site (A2441fs and A2441T) both demonstrated increased transformative properties when compared to a non-transformative PEST domain variant (S2523L). These phenotypic changes include proliferation, migration, anchorage-independent growth, and MAPK pathway activation. In contrast to previous studies, activating NOTCH1 variants did not display sensitivity to a gamma secretase inhibitor (GSI) or resistance to chemotherapies. This study demonstrates distinct transformative phenotypes are specific to a given variant within NOTCH1 and these phenotypes do not correlate with sensitivities or resistance to chemotherapies or GSIs. Although previous studies have suggested NOTCH1 variants may be prognostic for TNBC, our study does not demonstrate prognostic ability of these variants and suggests further characterization would be required for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Cravero
- 1The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA,*These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Morgan V. Pantone
- 2Division of Hematology, Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and The Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA,*These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Dong Ho Shin
- 2Division of Hematology, Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and The Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA,*These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Riley Bergman
- 2Division of Hematology, Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and The Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Rory Cochran
- 1The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - David Chu
- 1The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Daniel J. Zabransky
- 1The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Swathi Karthikeyan
- 1The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ian G. Waters
- 1The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Natasha Hunter
- 1The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - D. Marc Rosen
- 1The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kelly Kyker-Snowman
- 1The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - W. Brian Dalton
- 1The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Berry Button
- 1The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dan Shinn
- 1The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hong Yuen Wong
- 2Division of Hematology, Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and The Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Joshua Donaldson
- 2Division of Hematology, Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and The Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Paula J. Hurley
- 2Division of Hematology, Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and The Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Sarah Croessmann
- 2Division of Hematology, Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and The Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Ben Ho Park
- 2Division of Hematology, Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and The Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA,Correspondence to:Ben Ho Park, email:
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23
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Naranjo AI, González-Gómez MJ, Baladrón V, Laborda J, Nueda ML. Different Expression Levels of DLK2 Inhibit NOTCH Signaling and Inversely Modulate MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Tumor Growth In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1554. [PMID: 35163478 PMCID: PMC8836183 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
NOTCH signaling is implicated in the development of breast cancer tumors. DLK2, a non-canonical inhibitor of NOTCH signaling, was previously shown to be involved in skin and breast cancer. In this work, we studied whether different levels of DLK2 expression influenced the breast cancer characteristics of MDA-MB-231 cells. We found that DLK2 overexpression inhibited NOTCH activation in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, depending on the level of inhibition of NOTCH1 activation generated by different levels of DLK2 expression, cell proliferation, cell cycle dynamics, cell apoptosis, cell migration, and tumor growth in vivo were affected in opposite directions. Low levels of DLK2 expression produced a slight inhibition of NOTCH1 activation, and enhanced MDA-MB-231 cell invasion in vitro and cell proliferation both in vitro and in vivo. In contrast, MDA-MB-231 cells expressing elevated levels of DLK2 showed a strong inhibition of NOTCH1 activation, decreased cell proliferation, increased cell apoptosis, and were unable to generate tumors in vivo. In addition, DLK2 expression levels also affected some members of other cell signaling pathways implicated in cancer, such as ERK1/2 MAPK, AKT, and rpS6 kinases. Our data support an important role of DLK2 as a protein that can finely regulate NOTCH signaling and affect the tumor properties and growth dynamics of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana-Isabel Naranjo
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Branch, Medical School/CRIB/Biomedicine Unit, Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM)/CSIC, 02008 Albacete, Spain; (A.-I.N.); (V.B.)
| | - María-Julia González-Gómez
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Branch, Higher Technical School of Agricultural and Forestry Engineering/CRIB/Biomedicine Unit, Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM)/CSIC, 02008 Albacete, Spain;
| | - Victoriano Baladrón
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Branch, Medical School/CRIB/Biomedicine Unit, Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM)/CSIC, 02008 Albacete, Spain; (A.-I.N.); (V.B.)
| | - Jorge Laborda
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Branch, School of Pharmacy/CRIB/Biomedicine Unit, Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM)/CSIC, 02008 Albacete, Spain
| | - María-Luisa Nueda
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Branch, School of Pharmacy/CRIB/Biomedicine Unit, Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM)/CSIC, 02008 Albacete, Spain
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24
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Edwards A, Brennan K. Notch Signalling in Breast Development and Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:692173. [PMID: 34295896 PMCID: PMC8290365 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.692173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The Notch signalling pathway is a highly conserved developmental signalling pathway, with vital roles in determining cell fate during embryonic development and tissue homeostasis. Aberrant Notch signalling has been implicated in many disease pathologies, including cancer. In this review, we will outline the mechanism and regulation of the Notch signalling pathway. We will also outline the role Notch signalling plays in normal mammary gland development and how Notch signalling is implicated in breast cancer tumorigenesis and progression. We will cover how Notch signalling controls several different hallmarks of cancer within epithelial cells with sections focussed on its roles in proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and metastasis. We will provide evidence for Notch signalling in the breast cancer stem cell phenotype, which also has implications for therapy resistance and disease relapse in breast cancer patients. Finally, we will summarise the developments in therapeutic targeting of Notch signalling, and the pros and cons of this approach for the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Edwards
- Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Keith Brennan
- Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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25
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Ji Z, Tian W, Gao W, Zang R, Wang H, Yang G. Cancer-Associated Fibroblast-Derived Interleukin-8 Promotes Ovarian Cancer Cell Stemness and Malignancy Through the Notch3-Mediated Signaling. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:684505. [PMID: 34277625 PMCID: PMC8280773 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.684505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
As a significant component in ovarian cancer microenvironment, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) contribute to cancer progression through interaction with cancer cells. Recent studies demonstrate that interleukin-8 (IL-8) is overexpressed in multiple cancer types and is essential for tumor development. Nonetheless, the underlying mechanism that the CAF-derived IL-8 promotes ovarian tumorigenesis is unknown. Here, we show that IL-8 secreted from CAFs could activate normal ovarian fibroblasts (NFs) through multiple signaling and that IL-8 stimulated malignant growth of ovarian cancer cells in animals and increased the IC50 of cisplatin (CDDP) in ovarian cancer cells. Further study showed that IL-8 induced cancer cell stemness via the activation of Notch3 and that the high level of IL-8 in ascites was positively correlated with the expression of Notch3 in ovarian cancer tissues. Collectively, IL-8 secreted from CAFs and cancer cells promotes stemness in human ovarian cancer via the activation of the Notch3-mediated signaling, which may provide a novel strategy for ovarian cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaodong Ji
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjuan Tian
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Gynecological Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Gao
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rongyu Zang
- Ovarian Cancer Program, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huaying Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Gynecological Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Gong Yang
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Central Laboratory, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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26
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Nandi A, Chakrabarti R. The many facets of Notch signaling in breast cancer: toward overcoming therapeutic resistance. Genes Dev 2021; 34:1422-1438. [PMID: 33872192 PMCID: PMC7608750 DOI: 10.1101/gad.342287.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In this review, Nandi et al. revisit the mechanisms by which Notch receptors and ligands contribute to normal mammary gland development and breast tumor progression. The authors also discuss combinatorial approaches aimed at disrupting Notch- and TME-mediated resistance that may improve prognosis in breast cancer patients. Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in women and is a complex disease with high intratumoral and intertumoral heterogeneity. Such heterogeneity is a major driving force behind failure of current therapies and development of resistance. Due to the limitations of conventional therapies and inevitable emergence of acquired drug resistance (chemo and endocrine) as well as radio resistance, it is essential to design novel therapeutic strategies to improve the prognosis for breast cancer patients. Deregulated Notch signaling within the breast tumor and its tumor microenvironment (TME) is linked to poor clinical outcomes in treatment of resistant breast cancer. Notch receptors and ligands are also important for normal mammary development, suggesting the potential for conserved signaling pathways between normal mammary gland development and breast cancer. In this review, we focus on mechanisms by which Notch receptors and ligands contribute to normal mammary gland development and breast tumor progression. We also discuss how complex interactions between cancer cells and the TME may reduce treatment efficacy and ultimately lead to acquired drug or radio resistance. Potential combinatorial approaches aimed at disrupting Notch- and TME-mediated resistance that may aid in achieving in an improved patient prognosis are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajeya Nandi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Rumela Chakrabarti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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27
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He H, Shao X, Li Y, Gihu R, Xie H, Zhou J, Yan H. Targeting Signaling Pathway Networks in Several Malignant Tumors: Progresses and Challenges. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:675675. [PMID: 34135756 PMCID: PMC8203325 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.675675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant tumors remain the health problem of highest concern among people worldwide due to its high mortality and recurrence. Lung, gastric, liver, colon, and breast cancers are among the top five malignant tumors in terms of morbidity and mortality. In cancer biology, aberrant signaling pathway regulation is a prevalent theme that drives the generation, metastasis, invasion, and other processes of all malignant tumors. The Wnt/β-catenin, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, Notch and NF-kB pathways are widely concerned and signal crosstalks exist in the five solid tumors. This review provides an innovative summary of the recent progress in research on these signaling pathways, the underlying mechanism of the molecules involved in these pathways, and the important role of some miRNAs in tumor-related signaling pathways. It also presents a brief review of the antitumor molecular drugs that target these signaling pathways. This review may provide a theoretical basis for the study of the molecular biological mechanism of malignant tumors and vital information for the development of new treatment strategies with a focus on efficacy and the reduction of side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongdan He
- Qinghai Tibet Plateau Research Institute, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoni Shao
- Immunotherapy Laboratory, College of Pharmacology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanan Li
- Immunotherapy Laboratory, College of Pharmacology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ribu Gihu
- Immunotherapy Laboratory, College of Pharmacology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Haochen Xie
- Qinghai Tibet Plateau Research Institute, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junfu Zhou
- Immunotherapy Laboratory, College of Pharmacology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hengxiu Yan
- Immunotherapy Laboratory, College of Pharmacology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
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28
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Akil A, Gutiérrez-García AK, Guenter R, Rose JB, Beck AW, Chen H, Ren B. Notch Signaling in Vascular Endothelial Cells, Angiogenesis, and Tumor Progression: An Update and Prospective. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:642352. [PMID: 33681228 PMCID: PMC7928398 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.642352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The Notch signaling pathway plays an essential role in a wide variety of biological processes including cell fate determination of vascular endothelial cells and the regulation of arterial differentiation and angiogenesis. The Notch pathway is also an essential regulator of tumor growth and survival by functioning as either an oncogene or a tumor suppressor in a context-dependent manner. Crosstalk between the Notch and other signaling pathways is also pivotal in tumor progression by promoting cancer cell growth, migration, invasion, metastasis, tumor angiogenesis, and the expansion of cancer stem cells (CSCs). In this review, we provide an overview and update of Notch signaling in endothelial cell fate determination and functioning, angiogenesis, and tumor progression, particularly in the development of CSCs and therapeutic resistance. We further summarize recent studies on how endothelial signaling crosstalk with the Notch pathway contributes to tumor angiogenesis and the development of CSCs, thereby providing insights into vascular biology within the tumor microenvironment and tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdellah Akil
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Ana K. Gutiérrez-García
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Rachael Guenter
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - J. Bart Rose
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Adam W. Beck
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Herbert Chen
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Bin Ren
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
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29
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Unlocking the Secrets of Cancer Stem Cells with γ-Secretase Inhibitors: A Novel Anticancer Strategy. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26040972. [PMID: 33673088 PMCID: PMC7917912 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26040972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The dysregulation of Notch signaling is associated with a wide variety of different human cancers. Notch signaling activation mostly relies on the activity of the γ-secretase enzyme that cleaves the Notch receptors and releases the active intracellular domain. It is well-documented that γ-secretase inhibitors (GSIs) block the Notch activity, mainly by inhibiting the oncogenic activity of this pathway. To date, several GSIs have been introduced clinically for the treatment of various diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and various cancers, and their impacts on Notch inhibition have been found to be promising. Therefore, GSIs are of great interest for cancer therapy. The objective of this review is to provide a systematic review of in vitro and in vivo studies for investigating the effect of GSIs on various cancer stem cells (CSCs), mainly by modulation of the Notch signaling pathway. Various scholarly electronic databases were searched and relevant studies published in the English language were collected up to February 2020. Herein, we conclude that GSIs can be potential candidates for CSC-targeting therapy. The outcome of our study also indicates that GSIs in combination with anticancer drugs have a greater inhibitory effect on CSCs.
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30
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Aggarwal V, Miranda O, Johnston PA, Sant S. Three dimensional engineered models to study hypoxia biology in breast cancer. Cancer Lett 2020; 490:124-142. [PMID: 32569616 PMCID: PMC7442747 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second leading cause of mortality among women worldwide. Despite the available therapeutic regimes, variable treatment response is reported among different breast cancer subtypes. Recently, the effects of the tumor microenvironment on tumor progression as well as treatment responses have been widely recognized. Hypoxia and hypoxia inducible factors in the tumor microenvironment have long been known as major players in tumor progression and survival. However, the majority of our understanding of hypoxia biology has been derived from two dimensional (2D) models. Although many hypoxia-targeted therapies have elicited promising results in vitro and in vivo, these results have not been successfully translated into clinical trials. These limitations of 2D models underscore the need to develop and integrate three dimensional (3D) models that recapitulate the complex tumor-stroma interactions in vivo. This review summarizes role of hypoxia in various hallmarks of cancer progression. We then compare traditional 2D experimental systems with novel 3D tissue-engineered models giving accounts of different bioengineering platforms available to develop 3D models and how these 3D models are being exploited to understand the role of hypoxia in breast cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaishali Aggarwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Oshin Miranda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Paul A Johnston
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA; UPMC-Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Shilpa Sant
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA; UPMC-Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
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31
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BeLow M, Osipo C. Notch Signaling in Breast Cancer: A Role in Drug Resistance. Cells 2020; 9:cells9102204. [PMID: 33003540 PMCID: PMC7601482 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease that can be subdivided into unique molecular subtypes based on protein expression of the Estrogen Receptor, Progesterone Receptor, and/or the Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2. Therapeutic approaches are designed to inhibit these overexpressed receptors either by endocrine therapy, targeted therapies, or combinations with cytotoxic chemotherapy. However, a significant percentage of breast cancers are inherently resistant or acquire resistance to therapies, and mechanisms that promote resistance remain poorly understood. Notch signaling is an evolutionarily conserved signaling pathway that regulates cell fate, including survival and self-renewal of stem cells, proliferation, or differentiation. Deregulation of Notch signaling promotes resistance to targeted or cytotoxic therapies by enriching of a small population of resistant cells, referred to as breast cancer stem cells, within the bulk tumor; enhancing stem-like features during the process of de-differentiation of tumor cells; or promoting epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Preclinical studies have shown that targeting the Notch pathway can prevent or reverse resistance through reduction or elimination of breast cancer stem cells. However, Notch inhibitors have yet to be clinically approved for the treatment of breast cancer, mainly due to dose-limiting gastrointestinal toxicity. In this review, we discuss potential mechanisms of Notch-mediated resistance in breast cancer cells and breast cancer stem cells, and various methods of targeting Notch through γ-secretase inhibitors, Notch signaling biologics, or transcriptional inhibitors. We also discuss future plans for identification of novel Notch-targeted therapies, in order to reduce toxicity and improve outcomes for women with resistant breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- McKenna BeLow
- Integrated Cell Biology Program, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60513, USA;
| | - Clodia Osipo
- Integrated Cell Biology Program, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60513, USA;
- Department of Cancer Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60513, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60513, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-708-327-2372
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32
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Philipovskiy A, Dwivedi AK, Gamez R, McCallum R, Mukherjee D, Nahleh Z, Aguilera RJ, Gaur S. Association between tumor mutation profile and clinical outcomes among Hispanic Latina women with triple-negative breast cancer. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0238262. [PMID: 32886682 PMCID: PMC7473586 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents 15%-20% of all breast cancer types. It is more common among African American (AA) and Hispanic-Latina (HL) women. The biology of TNBC in HL women has been poorly characterized, but some data suggest that the molecular drivers of breast cancer might differ. There are no clinical tools to aid medical oncologists with decisions regarding appropriate individualized therapy, and no way to predict long-term outcomes. The aim of this study was to characterize individual patient gene mutation profiles and to identify the relationship with clinical outcomes. We collected formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumors (FFPE) from women with TNBC. We analyzed the gene mutation profiles of the collected tumors and compared the results with individual patient's clinical histories and outcomes. Of 25 patients with TNBC, 24 (96%) identified as HL. Twenty-one (84%) had stage III-IV disease. The most commonly mutated genes were TP53, NOTCH1, NOTCH2, NOTCH3, AKT, MEP3K, PIK3CA, and EGFR. Compared with other international cancer databases, our study demonstrated statistically significant higher frequencies of these genes among HL women. Additionally, a worse clinical course was observed among patients whose tumors had mutations in NOTCH genes and PIK3CA. This study is the first to identify the most common genetic alterations among HL women with TNBC. Our data strongly support the notion that molecular drivers of breast cancer could differ in HL women compared with other ethnic backgrounds. Therefore, a deeper understanding of the biological mechanisms behind NOTCH gene and PIK3CA mutations may lead to a new treatment approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Philipovskiy
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, Texas, United States of America
| | - Alok K. Dwivedi
- Division of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, Texas, United States of America
| | - Roberto Gamez
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, Texas, United States of America
| | - Richard McCallum
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, Texas, United States of America
| | - Debabrata Mukherjee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, Texas, United States of America
| | - Zeina Nahleh
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Maroone Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Florida, Weston, Florida, United States of America
| | - Renato J. Aguilera
- Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, United States of America
| | - Sumit Gaur
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, Texas, United States of America
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Zhai Z, Samson JM, Yamauchi T, Vaddi PK, Matsumoto Y, Dinarello CA, Ravindran Menon D, Fujita M. Inflammasome Sensor NLRP1 Confers Acquired Drug Resistance to Temozolomide in Human Melanoma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2518. [PMID: 32899791 PMCID: PMC7563249 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells gain drug resistance through a complex mechanism, in which nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) are critical contributors. Because NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein (NLRP) inflammasomes mediate IL-1β maturation and NF-κB activation, we investigated the role of inflammasome sensor NLRP1 in acquired drug resistance to temozolomide (TMZ) in melanoma. The sensitivity of melanoma cells to TMZ was negatively correlated with the expression levels of O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT), the enzyme to repair TMZ-induced DNA lesions. When MGMT-low human melanoma cells (1205Lu and HS294T) were treated with TMZ for over two months, MGMT was upregulated, and cells became resistant. However, the resistance mechanism was independent of MGMT, and the cells that acquired TMZ resistance showed increased NLRP1 expression, NLRP inflammasome activation, IL-1β secretion, and NF-κB activity, which contributed to the acquired resistance to TMZ. Finally, blocking IL-1 receptor (IL-1R) signaling with IL-1R antagonist decreased TMZ-resistant 1205Lu tumor growth in vivo. Although inflammation has been associated with drug resistance in various cancers, our paper is the first to demonstrate the involvement of NLRP in the development of acquired drug resistance. Because drug-tolerant cancer cells become cross-tolerant to other classes of cancer drugs, NLRP1 might be a suitable therapeutic target in drug-resistant melanoma, as well as in other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zili Zhai
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (Z.Z.); (J.M.S.); (T.Y.); (P.K.V.); (Y.M.); (D.R.M.)
| | - Jenny Mae Samson
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (Z.Z.); (J.M.S.); (T.Y.); (P.K.V.); (Y.M.); (D.R.M.)
| | - Takeshi Yamauchi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (Z.Z.); (J.M.S.); (T.Y.); (P.K.V.); (Y.M.); (D.R.M.)
| | - Prasanna K. Vaddi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (Z.Z.); (J.M.S.); (T.Y.); (P.K.V.); (Y.M.); (D.R.M.)
| | - Yuko Matsumoto
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (Z.Z.); (J.M.S.); (T.Y.); (P.K.V.); (Y.M.); (D.R.M.)
| | - Charles A. Dinarello
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;
| | - Dinoop Ravindran Menon
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (Z.Z.); (J.M.S.); (T.Y.); (P.K.V.); (Y.M.); (D.R.M.)
| | - Mayumi Fujita
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (Z.Z.); (J.M.S.); (T.Y.); (P.K.V.); (Y.M.); (D.R.M.)
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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34
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Gelsomino L, Naimo GD, Malivindi R, Augimeri G, Panza S, Giordano C, Barone I, Bonofiglio D, Mauro L, Catalano S, Andò S. Knockdown of Leptin Receptor Affects Macrophage Phenotype in the Tumor Microenvironment Inhibiting Breast Cancer Growth and Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082078. [PMID: 32727138 PMCID: PMC7464041 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant leptin (Ob) signaling, a hallmark of obesity, has been recognized to influence breast cancer (BC) biology within the tumor microenvironment (TME). Here, we evaluated the impact of leptin receptor (ObR) knockdown in affecting BC phenotype and in mediating the interaction between tumor cells and macrophages, the most abundant immune cells within the TME. The stable knockdown of ObR (ObR sh) in ERα-positive and ERα-negative BC cells turned the tumor phenotype into a less aggressive one, as evidenced by in vitro and in vivo models. In xenograft tumors and in co-culture experiments between circulating monocytes and BC cells, the absence of ObR reduced the recruitment of macrophages, and also affected their cytokine mRNA expression profile. This was associated with a decreased expression and secretion of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in ObR sh clones. The loss of Ob/ObR signaling modulated the immunosuppressive TME, as shown by a reduced expression of programmed death ligand 1/programmed cell death protein 1/arginase 1. In addition, we observed increased phagocytic activity of macrophages compared to control Sh clones in the presence of ObR sh-derived conditioned medium. Our findings, addressing an innovative role of ObR in modulating immune TME, may open new avenues to improve BC patient health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Gelsomino
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy; (L.G.); (G.D.N.); (R.M.); (G.A.); (S.P.); (C.G.); (I.B.); (D.B.); (L.M.); (S.C.)
| | - Giuseppina Daniela Naimo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy; (L.G.); (G.D.N.); (R.M.); (G.A.); (S.P.); (C.G.); (I.B.); (D.B.); (L.M.); (S.C.)
| | - Rocco Malivindi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy; (L.G.); (G.D.N.); (R.M.); (G.A.); (S.P.); (C.G.); (I.B.); (D.B.); (L.M.); (S.C.)
| | - Giuseppina Augimeri
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy; (L.G.); (G.D.N.); (R.M.); (G.A.); (S.P.); (C.G.); (I.B.); (D.B.); (L.M.); (S.C.)
| | - Salvatore Panza
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy; (L.G.); (G.D.N.); (R.M.); (G.A.); (S.P.); (C.G.); (I.B.); (D.B.); (L.M.); (S.C.)
| | - Cinzia Giordano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy; (L.G.); (G.D.N.); (R.M.); (G.A.); (S.P.); (C.G.); (I.B.); (D.B.); (L.M.); (S.C.)
- Centro Sanitario, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Ines Barone
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy; (L.G.); (G.D.N.); (R.M.); (G.A.); (S.P.); (C.G.); (I.B.); (D.B.); (L.M.); (S.C.)
| | - Daniela Bonofiglio
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy; (L.G.); (G.D.N.); (R.M.); (G.A.); (S.P.); (C.G.); (I.B.); (D.B.); (L.M.); (S.C.)
- Centro Sanitario, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Loredana Mauro
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy; (L.G.); (G.D.N.); (R.M.); (G.A.); (S.P.); (C.G.); (I.B.); (D.B.); (L.M.); (S.C.)
| | - Stefania Catalano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy; (L.G.); (G.D.N.); (R.M.); (G.A.); (S.P.); (C.G.); (I.B.); (D.B.); (L.M.); (S.C.)
- Centro Sanitario, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Sebastiano Andò
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy; (L.G.); (G.D.N.); (R.M.); (G.A.); (S.P.); (C.G.); (I.B.); (D.B.); (L.M.); (S.C.)
- Centro Sanitario, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0984-496201; Fax: +39-0984-496203
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35
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Liubomirski Y, Ben-Baruch A. Notch-Inflammation Networks in Regulation of Breast Cancer Progression. Cells 2020; 9:cells9071576. [PMID: 32605277 PMCID: PMC7407628 DOI: 10.3390/cells9071576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of the Notch family and chronic inflammation were each separately demonstrated to have prominent malignancy-supporting roles in breast cancer. Recent investigations indicate that bi-directional interactions that exist between these two pathways promote the malignancy phenotype of breast tumor cells and of their tumor microenvironment. In this review article, we demonstrate the importance of Notch-inflammation interplays in malignancy by describing three key networks that act in breast cancer and their impacts on functions that contribute to disease progression: (1) Cross-talks of the Notch pathway with myeloid cells that are important players in cancer-related inflammation, focusing mainly on macrophages; (2) Cross-talks of the Notch pathway with pro-inflammatory factors, exemplified mainly by Notch interactions with interleukin 6 and its downstream pathways (STAT3); (3) Cross-talks of the Notch pathway with typical inflammatory transcription factors, primarily NF-κB. These three networks enhance tumor-promoting functions in different breast tumor subtypes and act in reciprocal manners, whereby Notch family members activate inflammatory elements and vice versa. These characteristics illustrate the fundamental roles played by Notch-inflammation interactions in elevating breast cancer progression and propose that joint targeting of both pathways together may provide more effective and less toxic treatment approaches in this disease.
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36
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Lipsey CC, Harbuzariu A, Robey RW, Huff LM, Gottesman MM, Gonzalez-Perez RR. Leptin Signaling Affects Survival and Chemoresistance of Estrogen Receptor Negative Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E3794. [PMID: 32471192 PMCID: PMC7311967 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21113794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen-receptor-negative breast cancer (BCER-) is mainly treated with chemotherapeutics. Leptin signaling can influence BCER- progression, but its effects on patient survival and chemoresistance are not well understood. We hypothesize that leptin signaling decreases the survival of BCER- patients by, in part, inducing the expression of chemoresistance-related genes. The correlation of expression of leptin receptor (OBR), leptin-targeted genes (CDK8, NANOG, and RBP-Jk), and breast cancer (BC) patient survival was determined from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) mRNA data. Leptin-induced expression of proliferation and chemoresistance-related molecules was investigated in triple-negative BC (TNBC) cells that respond differently to chemotherapeutics. Leptin-induced gene expression in TNBC was analyzed by RNA-Seq. The specificity of leptin effects was assessed using OBR inhibitors (shRNA and peptides). The results show that OBR and leptin-targeted gene expression are associated with lower survival of BCER- patients. Importantly, the co-expression of these genes was also associated with chemotherapy failure. Leptin signaling increased the expression of tumorigenesis and chemoresistance-related genes (ABCB1, WNT4, ADHFE1, TBC1D3, LL22NC03, RDH5, and ITGB3) and impaired chemotherapeutic effects in TNBC cells. OBR inhibition re-sensitized TNBC to chemotherapeutics. In conclusion, the co-expression of OBR and leptin-targeted genes may be used as a predictor of survival and drug resistance of BCER- patients. Targeting OBR signaling could improve chemotherapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crystal C. Lipsey
- Microbiology, Biochemistry, and Immunology, GEBS, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA; (C.C.L.); (A.H.)
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (R.W.R.); (L.M.H.); (M.M.G.)
| | - Adriana Harbuzariu
- Microbiology, Biochemistry, and Immunology, GEBS, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA; (C.C.L.); (A.H.)
| | - Robert W. Robey
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (R.W.R.); (L.M.H.); (M.M.G.)
| | - Lyn M. Huff
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (R.W.R.); (L.M.H.); (M.M.G.)
| | - Michael M. Gottesman
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (R.W.R.); (L.M.H.); (M.M.G.)
| | - Ruben R. Gonzalez-Perez
- Microbiology, Biochemistry, and Immunology, GEBS, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA; (C.C.L.); (A.H.)
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37
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He Z, Thorrez L, Siegfried G, Meulemans S, Evrard S, Tejpar S, Khatib AM, Creemers JWM. The proprotein convertase furin is a pro-oncogenic driver in KRAS and BRAF driven colorectal cancer. Oncogene 2020; 39:3571-3587. [PMID: 32139876 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-1238-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in KRAS and/or BRAF that activate the ERK kinase are frequently found in colorectal cancer (CRC) and drive resistance to targeted therapies. Therefore, the identification of therapeutic targets that affect multiple signaling pathways simultaneously is crucial for improving the treatment of patients with KRAS or BRAF mutations. The proprotein convertase furin activates several oncogenic protein precursors involved in the ERK-MAPK pathway by endoproteolytic cleavage. Here we show that genetic inactivation of furin suppresses tumorigenic growth, proliferation, and migration in KRAS or BRAF mutant CRC cell lines but not in wild-type KRAS and BRAF cells. In a mouse xenograft model, these KRAS or BRAF mutant cells lacking furin displayed reduced growth and angiogenesis, and increased apoptosis. Mechanistically, furin inactivation prevents the processing of various protein pecursors including proIGF1R, proIR, proc-MET, proTGF-β1 and NOTCH1 leading to potent and durable ERK-MAPK pathway suppression in KRAS or BRAF mutant cells. Furthermore, we identified genes involved in activating the ERK-MAPK pathway, such as PTGS2, which are downregulated in the KRAS or BRAF mutant cells after furin inactivation but upregulated in wild-type KRAS and BRAF cells. Analysis of human colorectal tumor samples reveals a positive correlation between enhanced furin expression and KRAS or BRAF expression. These results indicate that furin plays an important role in KRAS or BRAF-associated ERK-MAPK pathway activation and tumorigenesis, providing a potential target for personalized treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongsheng He
- Laboratory of Biochemical Neuroendocrinology, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lieven Thorrez
- Interdisciplinary Research Facility, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Campus Kulak Kortrijk, Kortrijk, Belgium
| | | | - Sandra Meulemans
- Laboratory of Biochemical Neuroendocrinology, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Serge Evrard
- INSERM, LAMC, UMR, Allée Geoffroy St Hilaire, 1029, Pessac, France.,Institut Bergonié, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sabine Tejpar
- Digestive Oncology Unit, Department of Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - John W M Creemers
- Laboratory of Biochemical Neuroendocrinology, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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38
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Mansour FA, Al-Mazrou A, Al-Mohanna F, Al-Alwan M, Ghebeh H. PD-L1 is overexpressed on breast cancer stem cells through notch3/mTOR axis. Oncoimmunology 2020; 9:1729299. [PMID: 32313717 PMCID: PMC7153827 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2020.1729299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The T-cell inhibitory molecule PD-L1 is expressed on a fraction of breast cancer cells. The distribution of PD-L1 on the different subpopulations of breast cancer cells is not well-defined. Our aim was to study the expression level of PD-L1 on breast cancer stem-like (CSC-like) cells and their differentiated-like counterparts. We used multi-parametric flow cytometry to measure PD-L1 expression in different subpopulations of breast cancer cells. Pathway inhibitors, quantitative immunofluorescence, cell sorting, and western blot were used to investigate the underlying mechanism of PD-L1 upregulation in CSC-like cells. Specifically, PD-L1 was overexpressed up to three folds on breast CSC-like cells compared with more differentiated-like cancer cells. Functional in vitro and in vivo assays show higher stemness of PD-L1hi as compared with PD-L1lo cells. Among different pathways examined, PD-L1 expression on CSCs was partly dependant on Notch, and/or PI3K/AKT pathway activation. The effect of Notch inhibitors on PD-L1 overexpression in CSCs was completely abrogated upon mTOR knockdown. Specific knockdown of different Notch receptors shows Notch3 as a mediator for PD-L1 overexpression on CSCs and important for maintaining their stemness. Indeed, Notch3 was found to be overexpressed on PD-L1hi cells and specific knockdown of Notch3 abolished the effect of notch inhibitors and ligands on PD-L1 expression as well as mTOR activation. Our data demonstrated that overexpression of PD-L1 on CSCs is partly mediated by the notch pathway through Notch3/mTOR axis. We propose that these findings will help in a better design of anti-PD-L1 combination therapies to treat breast cancer effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatmah A Mansour
- Stem Cell & Tissue Re-engineering Program, Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amer Al-Mazrou
- Stem Cell & Tissue Re-engineering Program, Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Falah Al-Mohanna
- Department of Comparative Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Monther Al-Alwan
- Stem Cell & Tissue Re-engineering Program, Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,College of Medicine, Al-Faisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hazem Ghebeh
- Stem Cell & Tissue Re-engineering Program, Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,College of Medicine, Al-Faisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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39
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Maroni P. Leptin, Adiponectin, and Sam68 in Bone Metastasis from Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21031051. [PMID: 32033341 PMCID: PMC7037668 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21031051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The most serious aspect of neoplastic disease is the spread of cancer cells to secondary sites. Skeletal metastases can escape detection long after treatment of the primary tumour and follow-up. Bone tissue is a breeding ground for many types of cancer cells, especially those derived from the breast, prostate, and lung. Despite advances in diagnosis and therapeutic strategies, bone metastases still have a profound impact on quality of life and survival and are often responsible for the fatal outcome of the disease. Bone and the bone marrow environment contain a wide variety of cells. No longer considered a passive filler, bone marrow adipocytes have emerged as critical contributors to cancer progression. Released by adipocytes, adipokines are soluble factors with hormone-like functions and are currently believed to affect tumour development. Src-associated in mitosis of 68 kDa (Sam68), originally discovered as a protein physically associated with and phosphorylated by c-Src during mitosis, is now recognised as an important RNA-binding protein linked to tumour onset and progression of disease. Sam68 also regulates splicing events and recent evidence reports that dysregulation of these events is a key step in neoplastic transformation and tumour progression. The present review reports recent findings on adipokines and Sam68 and their role in breast cancer progression and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Maroni
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via R. Galeazzi 4, 20161 Milano, Italy
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40
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Abolghasemi M, Tehrani SS, Yousefi T, Karimian A, Mahmoodpoor A, Ghamari A, Jadidi-Niaragh F, Yousefi M, Kafil HS, Bastami M, Edalati M, Eyvazi S, Naghizadeh M, Targhazeh N, Mihanfar A, Yousefi B, Safa A, Majidinia M, Rameshknia V. Critical roles of long noncoding RNAs in breast cancer. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:5059-5071. [PMID: 31951025 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a major clinical challenge that affects a wide range of the female population and heavily burdens the health system. In the past few decades, attempts have been made to understand the etiology of breast cancer, possible environmental risk factors, and the genetic predispositions, pathogenesis, and molecular aberrations involved in the process. Studies have shown that breast cancer is a heterogeneous entity; each subtype has its specific set of aberrations in different cell signaling pathways, such as Notch, Wnt/β-catenin, transforming growth factor-β, and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. One novel group of molecules that have been shown to be inducted in the regulation of multiple cell signaling pathways is the long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). These molecules have important implications in the regulation of multiple signaling pathways by interacting with various genes, affecting the transcription process, and finally, playing roles in posttranslational control of these genes. There is growing evidence that lncRNAs are involved in the process of breast cancer formation by effecting the aforementioned signaling pathways, and that this involvement can have significant diagnostic and prognostic values in clinical contexts. The present review aims to elicit the significance of lncRNAs in the regulation of cell signaling pathways, and the resulting changes in cell survival, proliferation, and invasion, which are the hallmarks of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Abolghasemi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Babol University of medical sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Sadra S Tehrani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Student Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tooba Yousefi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Babol University of medical sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Ansar Karimian
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Babol University of medical sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Ata Mahmoodpoor
- Anesthesiology Research Team, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Aliakbar Ghamari
- Anesthesiology Research Team, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Mehdi Yousefi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein S Kafil
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Milad Bastami
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahdi Edalati
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Paramedical Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shirin Eyvazi
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Naghizadeh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Student Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloufar Targhazeh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ainaz Mihanfar
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amin Safa
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Maryam Majidinia
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Vahid Rameshknia
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Faculty of Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
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41
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Arnold KM, Opdenaker LM, Flynn NJ, Appeah DK, Sims-Mourtada J. Radiation induces an inflammatory response that results in STAT3-dependent changes in cellular plasticity and radioresistance of breast cancer stem-like cells. Int J Radiat Biol 2020; 96:434-447. [PMID: 31850822 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2020.1705423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: Pro-inflammatory cytokines within the tumor microenvironment, such as IL-6, contribute to the maintenance of stem cells and promote their survival following treatment. The IL-6/STAT3 pathway is a key regulator of genes involved in cancer progression. Activation of STAT3 promotes expansion of cancer stem cells in triple negative breast cancer. Radiation has also been shown to expand cancer stem cell populations and can induce stemness in nonstem cells. However, the role of IL-6/STAT3 in radiation-induced changes in cellular plasticity is unclear.Materials and methods: Expression and secretion of IL-6 from triple-negative breast cancer cell lines SUM159PT and MDA-MB-231 were determined after radiation treatment by real-time PCR and ELISA. Activation of STAT3 after radiation was determined by western blotting. Changes in cellular plasticity induced by radiation were determined by examining ALDEFLUOR activity, gene expression analysis of aldehyde dehydrogenase isoforms and mammosphere forming assays with and without the addition of STAT3 inhibitors. To determine the effect of radiation on nonstem cell populations, experiments were also carried out in ALDEFLUOR sorted cells.Results: Radiation induced an inflammatory response in both cell lines that resulted in activation of STAT3. Additionally, radiation induced a stem-like state as evidenced by an increased activity and expression of the ALDH isoforms ALDH1A1 and ALDH1A3, and increased self-renewal capabilities. Radiation increased ALDH activity and self-renewal in non-stem cell (ALDH-) populations, suggesting radiation-induced cellular reprograming. However, inhibition of STAT3 blocked the radiation-induced stem-like state in both ALDEFLUOR positive and negative populations, and enhanced radiosensitivity.Conclusions: Radiation-induced changes in cellular plasticity are STAT3 dependent and may be a potential target to reduce radioresistance in TNBC and improve treatment outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly M Arnold
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Helen F Graham Cancer Center and Research Institute, Christiana Care Health Services, Inc, Newark, DE, USA.,Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, The University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Lynn M Opdenaker
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Helen F Graham Cancer Center and Research Institute, Christiana Care Health Services, Inc, Newark, DE, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Nicole J Flynn
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Helen F Graham Cancer Center and Research Institute, Christiana Care Health Services, Inc, Newark, DE, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Daniel Kwesi Appeah
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Helen F Graham Cancer Center and Research Institute, Christiana Care Health Services, Inc, Newark, DE, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Jennifer Sims-Mourtada
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Helen F Graham Cancer Center and Research Institute, Christiana Care Health Services, Inc, Newark, DE, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
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42
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Tuasha N, Petros B. Heterogeneity of Tumors in Breast Cancer: Implications and Prospects for Prognosis and Therapeutics. SCIENTIFICA 2020; 2020:4736091. [PMID: 33133722 PMCID: PMC7568790 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4736091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed form of cancer in women comprising 16% of all female cancers. The disease shows high intertumoral and intratumoral heterogeneity posing diagnostic and therapeutic challenges with unpredictable clinical outcome and response to existing therapy. Mounting evidence is ascertaining that breast cancer stem cells (CSCs) are responsible for tumor initiation, progression, recurrence, evolution, metastasis, and drug resistance. Therapeutics selectively targeting the CSCs based on distinct surface molecular markers and enhanced intracellular activities of these cells continue to evolve and hold significant promise. Having plethora of heterogeneity accompanied with failure of existing conventional therapeutics and poor prognosis, the present review focuses on elucidating the main signaling pathways in breast CSCs as major therapeutic targets. The role of developments in nanomedicine and miRNA as targeted delivery of therapeutic anticancer agents is also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nigatu Tuasha
- Addis Ababa University, College of Natural Science, Department of Microbial, Cellular and Molecular Biology, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Beyene Petros
- Addis Ababa University, College of Natural Science, Department of Microbial, Cellular and Molecular Biology, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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43
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Kim D, Lee J, Kang J, Kim SH, Yoo TK, Oh S, Lee A. Notch1 in Tumor Microvascular Endothelial Cells and Tumoral miR-34a as Prognostic Markers in Locally Advanced Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. J Breast Cancer 2019; 22:562-578. [PMID: 31897330 PMCID: PMC6933032 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2019.22.e56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is associated with poor prognosis with limited treatment options. Angiogenesis is known to be involved in the progression of TNBC, and targeting this pathway results in modest clinical benefits. In this study, we analyzed the role of tumor microvascular endothelial Notch1 (EC Notch1) and tumoral miR-34a as prognostic markers in patients with TNBC. Methods The expression of miR-34a was analyzed using archival tumor tissues from 114 patients with TNBC. Simultaneously, archival tumor tissues were also checked for the expression of CD34 and Notch1 by immunostaining. The ratio of Notch1-microvascular density (MVD) to CD34-MVD was defined as EC Notch1. The association between the expression of miR-34a or EC Notch1 and clinicopathological characteristics was analyzed. Results In the overall patient population, patients with low expression of EC Notch1 was associated with better overall survival (OS, p = 0.041) than those with high expression of EC Notch1. In lymph node-positive TNBC patients, high levels of miR-34a and low levels of EC Notch1 correlated significantly with higher survival benefits in terms of OS (p = 0.026), disease-free survival (p = 0.009), and metastasis-free survival (p = 0.038) relative to that in other patients. Decreased expression of EC Notch1 and increased expression of miR-34a also showed a survival benefit in locally advanced TNBC. Conclusion The fact that miR-34a and EC Notch1 are associated with the angiogenesis suggests that angiogenesis may play a role in the development and progression of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmin Kim
- Department of Hospital Pathology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jieun Lee
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun Kang
- Department of Hospital Pathology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Hun Kim
- Department of Radiology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae-Kyung Yoo
- Division of Breast-Thyroid Surgery, Department of Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sooeun Oh
- Department of Hospital Pathology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ahwon Lee
- Department of Hospital Pathology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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44
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Al-Shibli SM, Harun N, Ashour AE, Mohd Kasmuri MHB, Mizan S. Expression of leptin and leptin receptors in colorectal cancer-an immunohistochemical study. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7624. [PMID: 31592340 PMCID: PMC6778430 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is demonstrated to be a risk factor in the development of cancers of various organs, such as colon, prostate, pancreas and so on. Leptine (LEP) is the most renowned of the adipokines. As a hormone, it mediates its effect through leptin receptor (LEPR), which is widely expressed in various tissues including colon mucosa. In this study, we have investigated the degree of expression of LEP and LEPR in colorectal cancer (CRC). We collected 44 surgically resected colon cancer tissues along with normal adjacent colon tissue (NACT) from a sample of CRC patients from the Malaysian population and looked for leptin and leptin receptors using immunohistochemistry (IHC). All the samples showed low presence of both LEP and LEPR in NACT, while both LEP and LEPR were present at high intensity in the cancerous tissues with 100% and 97.7% prevalence, respectively. Both were sparsed in the cytoplasm and were concentrated beneath the cell membrane. However, we did not find any significant correlation between their expression and pathological parameters like grade, tumor size, and lymph node involvement. Our study further emphasizes the possible causal role of LEP and LEPR with CRC, and also the prospect of using LEPR as a possible therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad M Al-Shibli
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, International Islamic University, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Norra Harun
- Pathology Department, Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Abdelkader E Ashour
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, International Islamic University, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Hanif B Mohd Kasmuri
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, International Islamic University, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Shaikh Mizan
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, International Islamic University, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
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45
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Pelullo M, Zema S, Nardozza F, Checquolo S, Screpanti I, Bellavia D. Wnt, Notch, and TGF-β Pathways Impinge on Hedgehog Signaling Complexity: An Open Window on Cancer. Front Genet 2019; 10:711. [PMID: 31552081 PMCID: PMC6736567 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Constitutive activation of the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway is associated with increased risk of developing several malignancies. The biological and pathogenic importance of Hh signaling emphasizes the need to control its action tightly, both physiologically and therapeutically. Evidence of crosstalk between Hh and other signaling pathways is reported in many tumor types. Here, we provide an overview of the current knowledge about the communication between Hh and major signaling pathways, such as Notch, Wnt, and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), which play critical roles in both embryonic and adult life. When these pathways are unbalanced, impaired crosstalk contributes to disease development. It is reported that more than one of these pathways are active in different type of tumors, at the same time. Therefore, starting from a plethora of stimuli that activate multiple signaling pathways, we describe the signals that preferentially converge on the Hh signaling cascade that influence its activity. Moreover, we highlight several connection points between Hh and Notch, Wnt, or TGF-β pathways, showing a reciprocal synergism that contributes to tumorigenesis, supporting a more malignant behavior by tumor cells, such as in leukemia and brain tumors. Understanding the importance of these molecular interlinking networks will provide a rational basis for combined anticancer drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pelullo
- Center of Life Nano Science Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome, Italy
| | - Sabrina Zema
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Saula Checquolo
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, Latina, Italy
| | | | - Diana Bellavia
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
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46
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Asghari F, Khademi R, Esmaeili Ranjbar F, Veisi Malekshahi Z, Faridi Majidi R. Application of Nanotechnology in Targeting of Cancer Stem Cells: A Review. Int J Stem Cells 2019; 12:227-239. [PMID: 31242721 PMCID: PMC6657943 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc19006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is increasingly apparent as a systems-level, network happening. The central tendency of malignant alteration can be described as a two-phase procedure, where an initial increase of network plasticity is followed by reducing plasticity at late stages of tumor improvement. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are cancer cells that take characteristics associated with normal stem cells. Cancer therapy has been based on the concept that most of the cancer cells have a similar ability to separate metastasise and kill the host. In this review, we addressed the use of nanotechnology in the treatment of cancer stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Asghari
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rahele Khademi
- International affairs, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faezeh Esmaeili Ranjbar
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ziba Veisi Malekshahi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Faridi Majidi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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47
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Notch Signaling Activation as a Hallmark for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Subtype. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2019; 2019:8707053. [PMID: 31379945 PMCID: PMC6657611 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8707053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subgroup of 15%-20% of diagnosed breast cancer patients. It is generally considered to be the most difficult breast cancer subtype to deal with, due to the lack of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), which usually direct targeted therapies. In this scenario, the current treatments of TNBC-affected patients rely on tumor excision and conventional chemotherapy. As a result, the prognosis is overall poor. Thus, the identification and characterization of targets for novel therapies are urgently required. The Notch signaling pathway has emerged to act in the pathogenesis and tumor progression of TNBCs. Firstly, Notch receptors are associated with the regulation of tumor-initiating cells (TICs) behavior, as well as with the aetiology of TNBCs. Secondly, there is a strong evidence that Notch pathway is a relevant player in mammary cancer stem cells maintenance and expansion. Finally, Notch receptors expression and activation strongly correlate with the aggressive clinicopathological and biological phenotypes of breast cancer (e.g., invasiveness and chemoresistance), which are relevant characteristics of TNBC subtype. The purpose of this up-to-date review is to provide a detailed overview of the specific role of all four Notch receptors (Notch1, Notch2, Notch3, and Notch4) in TNBCs, thus identifying the Notch signaling pathway deregulation/activation as a pathognomonic feature of this breast cancer subtype. Furthermore, this review will also discuss recent information associated with different therapeutic options related to the four Notch receptors, which may be useful to evaluate prognostic or predictive indicators as well as to develop new therapies aimed at improving the clinical outcome of TNBC patients.
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48
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Hou G, Zhao Q, Zhang M, Wang P, Ye H, Wang Y, Ren Y, Zhang J, Lu Z. LSD1 regulates Notch and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathways through binding the promoter regions of Notch target genes in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:5215-5225. [PMID: 31308693 PMCID: PMC6613024 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s207238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The aberrant activation of Lysine-specific demethylase 1(LSD1), Notch and PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathways were frequently happened in many cancers, including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, the regulatory relationship between LSD1 and Notch as well as PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathways is still unclear. Purpose: This study aimed to explore the regulatory effects and mechanisms of LSD1 on Notch and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in ESCC. Results: Firstly, we demonstrated that LSD1 and proteins in Notch and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway were expressed in ESCC cells. Secondly, inhibition of LSD1 by tranylcypromine (TCP) or shRNA could decrease the expressions of related proteins in Notch and PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathways in ESCC cells. Finally, we found that LSD1 could bind to the promoter regions of Notch3, Hes1 and CR2, and the combinations between them were reduced by TCP in ESCC. Conclusion: Summarily, this study indicated that LSD1 might positively regulate Notch and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathways through binding the promoter regions of related genes in Notch pathway in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiqin Hou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengying Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Wang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Ye
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yandan Ren
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianying Zhang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.,Henan Academy of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoming Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
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49
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Unearthing Regulatory Axes of Breast Cancer circRNAs Networks to Find Novel Targets and Fathom Pivotal Mechanisms. Interdiscip Sci 2019; 11:711-722. [PMID: 31187432 DOI: 10.1007/s12539-019-00339-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) possess valuable characteristics for both diagnosis and treatment of several human cancers including breast cancer (BC). In this study, we combined several systems, biology tools and approaches to identify influential BC circRNAs, miRNAs, and related mRNAs as the members of competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) networks and related RNA binding proteins (RBPs) to study and decipher the BC-triggering biological processes and pathways. Rooting from the identified total of 25 co-differentially expressed circRNAs (DECs) between triple negative (TN) and luminal A subtypes of BC from microarray analysis, five hub DECs (hsa_circ_0003227, hsa_circ_0001955, hsa_circ_0020080, hsa_circ_0001666, and hsa_circ_0065173) and top eleven RBPs (AGO1, AGO2, EIF4A3, FMRP, HuR (ELAVL1), IGF2BP1, IGF2BP2, IGF2BP3, EWSR1, FUS, and PTB) were explored to form the upper stream regulatory elements. All the hub circRNAs were regarded as a super sponge having multiple miRNA response elements (MREs). Then, three BC leading miRNAs (hsa-miR-149, hsa-miR-182, and hsa-miR-383) were also introduced from merging several established ceRNAs networks. The predicted 7- and 8-mer MREs matches between hub circRNAs and leading miRNAs ensured their enduring regulatory capability. The mined downstream mRNAs of the circRNAs-miRNAs network then were presented to STRING database to form the PPI network and to decipher the issue from another point of view. The BC interconnected enriched pathways and processes guarantee the merits of the ceRNAs network's members as targetable therapeutic elements. This study suggested extensive panels of novel therapeutic targets that are in charge of BC progression, hence their impressive role cannot be excluded and needs deeper empirical laboratory designs.
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50
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Substrate complex competition is a regulatory motif that allows NFκB RelA to license but not amplify NFκB RelB. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:10592-10597. [PMID: 31048505 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1816000116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Signaling pathways often share molecular components, tying the activity of one pathway to the functioning of another. In the NFκB signaling system, distinct kinases mediate inflammatory and developmental signaling via RelA and RelB, respectively. Although the substrates of the developmental, so-called noncanonical, pathway are induced by inflammatory/canonical signaling, crosstalk is limited. Through dynamical systems modeling, we identified the underlying regulatory mechanism. We found that as the substrate of the noncanonical kinase NIK, the nfkb2 gene product p100, transitions from a monomer to a multimeric complex, it may compete with and inhibit p100 processing to the active p52. Although multimeric complexes of p100 (IκBδ) are known to inhibit preexisting RelA:p50 through sequestration, here we report that p100 complexes can inhibit the enzymatic formation of RelB:p52. We show that the dose-response systems properties of this complex substrate competition motif are poorly accounted for by standard Michaelis-Menten kinetics, but require more detailed mass action formulations. In sum, although tonic inflammatory signaling is required for adequate expression of the noncanonical pathway precursors, the substrate complex competition motif identified here can prevent amplification of the active RelB:p52 dimer in elevated inflammatory conditions to ensure reliable RelB-dependent developmental signaling independent of inflammatory context.
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