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Bergeron J, Avraam D, Calas L, Fraser W, Harris JR, Heude B, Mandhane P, Moraes TJ, Muckle G, Nader J, Séguin JR, Simons E, Subbarao P, Swertz MA, Tough S, Turvey SE, Fortier I, Rod NH, Andersen AMN. Stress and anxiety during pregnancy and length of gestation: a federated study using data from five Canadian and European birth cohorts. Eur J Epidemiol 2024:10.1007/s10654-024-01126-4. [PMID: 38805076 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-024-01126-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
While its etiology is not fully elucidated, preterm birth represents a major public health concern as it is the leading cause of child mortality and morbidity. Stress is one of the most common perinatal conditions and may increase the risk of preterm birth. In this paper we aimed to investigate the association of maternal perceived stress and anxiety with length of gestation. We used harmonized data from five birth cohorts from Canada, France, and Norway. A total of 5297 pregnancies of singletons were included in the analysis of perceived stress and gestational duration, and 55,775 pregnancies for anxiety. Federated analyses were performed through the DataSHIELD platform using Cox regression models within intervals of gestational age. The models were fit for each cohort separately, and the cohort-specific results were combined using random effects study-level meta-analysis. Moderate and high levels of perceived stress during pregnancy were associated with a shorter length of gestation in the very/moderately preterm interval [moderate: hazard ratio (HR) 1.92 (95%CI 0.83, 4.48); high: 2.04 (95%CI 0.77, 5.37)], albeit not statistically significant. No association was found for the other intervals. Anxiety was associated with gestational duration in the very/moderately preterm interval [1.66 (95%CI 1.32, 2.08)], and in the early term interval [1.15 (95%CI 1.08, 1.23)]. Our findings suggest that perceived stress and anxiety are associated with an increased risk of earlier birth, but only in the earliest gestational ages. We also found an association in the early term period for anxiety, but the result was only driven by the largest cohort, which collected information the latest in pregnancy. This raised a potential issue of reverse causality as anxiety later in pregnancy could be due to concerns about early signs of a possible preterm birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Bergeron
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Canada.
| | - Demetris Avraam
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Lucinda Calas
- Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - William Fraser
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrook, Canada
| | - Jennifer R Harris
- Centre for Fertility and Health, The Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Barbara Heude
- Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Piush Mandhane
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Theo J Moraes
- Department of Paediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Gina Muckle
- School of Psychology, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Johanna Nader
- Centre for Fertility and Health, The Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jean R Séguin
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Université de Montréal and CHU Ste-Justine Research Center, Montreal, Canada
| | - Elinor Simons
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Padmaja Subbarao
- Department of Paediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Morris A Swertz
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Suzanne Tough
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Stuart E Turvey
- Department of Pediatrics, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Isabel Fortier
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Canada
| | - Naja Hulvej Rod
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Omari A, Siegel MR, Rocheleau CM, Fujishiro K, Van Buren K, Shi D, Agopian A, Gilboa SM, Romitti PA. Multiple Job Holding, Job Changes, and Associations with Gestational Diabetes and Pregnancy-Related Hypertension in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:619. [PMID: 38791833 PMCID: PMC11121455 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21050619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
We used National Birth Defects Prevention Study data to investigate associations between working patterns shortly before and during pregnancy and gestational diabetes and pregnancy-related hypertension. We analyzed working patterns (multiple-job holders, job changers, single-job holders) during the three months before and during pregnancy for 8140 participants who delivered a live-born child without a birth defect. "Multiple-job holders" worked more than one job simultaneously, "job changers" worked more than one job with no overlap, and "single-job holders" (referent) worked one job. We used multivariable logistic regression to estimate associations between working pattern and each outcome, adjusting for maternal age and educational attainment at delivery. We explored effect measure modification by household income, peak weekly working hours, and maternal race/ethnicity. Multiple-job holders had higher odds of gestational diabetes (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.5; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.1-2.1) and pregnancy-related hypertension (aOR: 1.5; 95% CI: 1.0-2.2) compared with single-job holders. Multiple-job holders with a household income of more than 30,000 USD per year, 32-44 peak weekly working hours, and from racial/ethnic minority groups had higher odds of gestational diabetes compared with single-job holders in respective categories. Detailed occupational information is important for studies of occupation and maternal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amel Omari
- Division of Field Studies and Engineering, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH 45213, USA (K.V.B.)
- Epidemic Intelligence Service Officer, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Miriam R. Siegel
- Division of Field Studies and Engineering, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH 45213, USA (K.V.B.)
| | - Carissa M. Rocheleau
- Division of Field Studies and Engineering, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH 45213, USA (K.V.B.)
| | - Kaori Fujishiro
- Division of Field Studies and Engineering, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH 45213, USA (K.V.B.)
| | - Kristen Van Buren
- Division of Field Studies and Engineering, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH 45213, USA (K.V.B.)
| | - Dallas Shi
- Division of Field Studies and Engineering, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH 45213, USA (K.V.B.)
- Epidemic Intelligence Service Officer, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - A.J. Agopian
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Suzanne M. Gilboa
- Division of Birth Defects and Infant Disorders, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Paul A. Romitti
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
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Verney C, Vitalis T. [Stress during prenatal and early postnatal period when everything begins]. Med Sci (Paris) 2023; 39:744-753. [PMID: 37943135 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/2023124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Early severe stresses are known to affect the biological and psychological development in childhood. Good and adaptable stress during prenatal and early postnatal period can switch to traumatic during these highly susceptible developmental stages. These different stresses modulate genetic/epigenetic processes and the setting up of connectome during these highly plastic and adaptable time periods. The polyvagal processes control the base of the security/well-being perception of the newborn by the onset of synchronized interactions between the mother/parent/nurse and the baby. These positive adjustments in mirror lead to attachment and social links and to implicit learning processes leading to a balanced emotional and cognitive development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Verney
- Université de Paris, NeuroDiderot, Paris, France - Association Ensemble pour l'éducation de la petite enfance, 37 allée du Forum, 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Tania Vitalis
- Université de Paris, NeuroDiderot, Paris, France - Inserm, Paris, U1141, hôpital Robert-Debré, 48 boulevard Sérurier, 75019 Paris, France
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Bateman JR, Krishnamurthy S, Quillen EE, Waugh CE, Kershaw KN, Lockhart SN, Hughes TM, Seeman TE, Cole SW, Craft S. Social genomics, cognition, and well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.05.31.23290618. [PMID: 37333113 PMCID: PMC10274989 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.31.23290618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adverse psychosocial exposure is associated with increased proinflammatory gene expression and reduced type-1 interferon gene expression, a profile known as the conserved transcriptional response to adversity (CTRA). Little is known about CTRA activity in the context of cognitive impairment, although chronic inflammatory activation has been posited as one mechanism contributing to late-life cognitive decline. METHODS We studied 171 community-dwelling older adults from the Wake Forest Alzheimer's Disease Research Center who answered questions via a telephone questionnaire battery about their perceived stress, loneliness, well-being, and impact of COVID-19 on their life, and who provided a self-collected dried blood spot sample. Of those, 148 had adequate samples for mRNA analysis, and 143 were included in the final analysis, which including participants adjudicated as having normal cognition (NC, n = 91) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI, n = 52) were included in the analysis. Mixed effect linear models were used to quantify associations between psychosocial variables and CTRA gene expression. RESULTS In both NC and MCI groups, eudaimonic well-being (typically associated with a sense of purpose) was inversely associated with CTRA gene expression whereas hedonic well-being (typically associated with pleasure seeking) was positively associated. In participants with NC, coping through social support was associated with lower CTRA gene expression, whereas coping by distraction and reframing was associated with higher CTRA gene expression. CTRA gene expression was not related to coping strategies for participants with MCI, or to either loneliness or perceived stress in either group. DISCUSSION Eudaimonic and hedonic well-being remain important correlates of molecular markers of stress, even in people with MCI. However, prodromal cognitive decline appears to moderate the significance of coping strategies as a correlate of CTRA gene expression. These results suggest that MCI can selectively alter biobehavioral interactions in ways that could potentially affect the rate of future cognitive decline and may serve as targets for future intervention efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R. Bateman
- Department of Neurology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Salisbury VA Medical Center, Salisbury, NC, USA
| | - Sudarshan Krishnamurthy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Ellen E. Quillen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Christian E. Waugh
- Department of Psychology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Kiarri N. Kershaw
- Department of Preventive Medicine (Epidemiology), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Samuel N. Lockhart
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Timothy M. Hughes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Teresa E. Seeman
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Steve W. Cole
- Department of Medicine and Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Suzanne Craft
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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Ding X, Liang M, Wang H, Song Q, Guo X, Su W, Li N, Liu H, Ma S, Zhou X, Sun Y. Prenatal stressful life events increase the prevalence of postpartum depression: Evidence from prospective cohort studies. J Psychiatr Res 2023; 160:263-271. [PMID: 36889197 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
Postpartum depression (PPD) occurs frequently among postpartum women. Stressful life events (SLE) have gradually been recognized as risk factors for PPD. However, research on this topic has produced equivocal results. The purpose of this study was to explore whether women who experienced prenatal SLE had a higher prevalence of PPD. Electronic databases were systematically searched until October 2021. Only prospective cohort studies were included. Pooled prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using random effects models. This meta-analysis included 17 studies involving 9822 individuals. Women who experienced prenatal SLE had a higher prevalence for PPD (PR = 1.82, 95%CI = 1.52-2.17). In subgroup analyses, a 112% and 78% higher prevalence of depressive disorders (PR = 2.12, 95%CI = 1.34-3.38) and depressive symptoms (PR = 1.78, 95%CI = 1.47-2.17) were detected in women who experienced prenatal SLE. The effect of SLE on PPD at postpartum different time points differed: PR = 3.25 (95%CI = 2.01-5.25) for ≤6 weeks, PR = 2.01 (95%CI = 1.53-2.65) for 7-12 weeks, PR = 1.17 (95%CI = 0.49-2.31) for >12 weeks. No obvious publication bias was detected. The findings support that prenatal SLE increase the prevalence of PPD. The effect of SLE on PPD tends to slightly decrease during the postpartum period. Furthermore, these findings highlight the importance of screening for PPD as early as possible, particularly among postpartum women who have experienced SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxiu Ding
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Mingming Liang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Qiuxia Song
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Xianwei Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Wanying Su
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Haixia Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Shaodi Ma
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoqin Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital/Anhui Psychiatric Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 238000, China
| | - Yehuan Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China; Chaohu Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 238000, China; Centre for Evidence-Based Practice, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
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Méndez Leal AS, Silvers JA, Carroll JE, Cole SW, Ross KM, Ramey SL, Shalowitz MU, Dunkel Schetter C. Maternal early life stress is associated with pro-inflammatory processes during pregnancy. Brain Behav Immun 2023; 109:285-291. [PMID: 36280180 PMCID: PMC10035632 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2022.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Early life stress (ELS) is common in the United States and worldwide, and contributes to the development of psychopathology in individuals with these experiences and their offspring. A growing body of research suggests that early life stress may contribute to adverse health partly through modulation of immune (and particularly inflammatory) responses. Therefore, increased maternal prenatal inflammation has been proposed as a mechanistic pathway by which the observed cross-generational effects of parental early life stress on child neuropsychiatric outcomes may be exerted. We examined associations between early life stress and molecular markers of inflammation (specifically pro-inflammatory gene expression and receptor-mediated transcription factor activity) and a commonly studied circulating marker of inflammation (C-Reactive Protein) in a diverse group of women in or near their third trimester of pregnancy, covarying for age, race/ethnicity, BMI, concurrent infection, concurrent perceived stress, and per capita household income. Mothers who experienced higher levels of early life stress had significantly increased pro-inflammatory (NF-κB) and decreased anti-viral (IRF) transcription factor activity. Transcripts that were up or down regulated in mothers with high ELS were preferentially derived from both CD16+ and CD16- monocytes. Early life stress was not associated with elevated CRP. Taken together, these findings provide preliminary evidence for an association between ELS and a pro-inflammatory transcriptional phenotype during pregnancy that may serve as a mechanistic pathway for cross-generational transmission of the effects of early life stress on mental and physical health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jennifer A Silvers
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Judith E Carroll
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Steve W Cole
- Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kharah M Ross
- Centre for Social Sciences, Athabasca University, Athabasca, AB, Canada
| | - Sharon L Ramey
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA
| | - Madeleine U Shalowitz
- Department of Pediatrics, NorthShore University HealthSystem Research Institute, Evanston, IL, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Department of Pediatrics, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
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7
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Lopes NA, Ambeskovic M, King SE, Faraji J, Soltanpour N, Falkenberg EA, Scheidl T, Patel M, Fang X, Metz GAS, Olson DM. Environmental Enrichment Promotes Transgenerational Programming of Uterine Inflammatory and Stress Markers Comparable to Gestational Chronic Variable Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043734. [PMID: 36835144 PMCID: PMC9962069 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Prenatal maternal stress is linked to adverse pregnancy and infant outcomes, including shortened gestation lengths, low birth weights, cardio-metabolic dysfunction, and cognitive and behavioural problems. Stress disrupts the homeostatic milieu of pregnancy by altering inflammatory and neuroendocrine mediators. These stress-induced phenotypic changes can be passed on to the offspring epigenetically. We investigated the effects of gestational chronic variable stress (CVS) in rats using restraint and social isolation stress in the parental F0 generation and its transgenerational transmission across three generations of female offspring (F1-F3). A subset of F1 rats was housed in an enriched environment (EE) to mitigate the adverse effects of CVS. We found that CVS is transmitted across generations and induces inflammatory changes in the uterus. CVS did not alter any gestational lengths or birth weights. However, inflammatory and endocrine markers changed in the uterine tissues of stressed mothers and their offspring, suggesting that stress is transgenerationally transmitted. The F2 offspring reared in EE had increased birth weights, but their uterine gene expression patterns remained comparable to those of stressed animals. Thus, ancestral CVS induced changes transgenerationally in fetal programming of uterine stress markers over three generations of offspring, and EE housing did not mitigate these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayara A. Lopes
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Mirela Ambeskovic
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Stephanie E. King
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Jamshid Faraji
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Nasrin Soltanpour
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Erin A. Falkenberg
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Taylor Scheidl
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Mansi Patel
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Xin Fang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Gerlinde A. S. Metz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
- Correspondence: (G.A.S.M.); (D.M.O.); Tel.: +1-403-394-3992 (G.A.S.M.); +1-780-492-8559 (D.M.O.)
| | - David M. Olson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
- Correspondence: (G.A.S.M.); (D.M.O.); Tel.: +1-403-394-3992 (G.A.S.M.); +1-780-492-8559 (D.M.O.)
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Inflammation and the Potential Implication of Macrophage-Microglia Polarization in Human ASD: An Overview. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032703. [PMID: 36769026 PMCID: PMC9916462 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous collection of neurodevelopmental disorders, difficult to diagnose and currently lacking treatment options. The possibility of finding reliable biomarkers useful for early identification would offer the opportunity to intervene with treatment strategies to improve the life quality of ASD patients. To date, there are many recognized risk factors for the development of ASD, both genetic and non-genetic. Although genetic and epigenetic factors may play a critical role, the extent of their contribution to ASD risk is still under study. On the other hand, non-genetic risk factors include pollution, nutrition, infection, psychological states, and lifestyle, all together known as the exposome, which impacts the mother's and fetus's life, especially during pregnancy. Pathogenic and non-pathogenic maternal immune activation (MIA) and autoimmune diseases can cause various alterations in the fetal environment, also contributing to the etiology of ASD in offspring. Activation of monocytes, macrophages, mast cells and microglia and high production of pro-inflammatory cytokines are indeed the cause of neuroinflammation, and the latter is involved in ASD's onset and development. In this review, we focused on non-genetic risk factors, especially on the connection between inflammation, macrophage polarization and ASD syndrome, MIA, and the involvement of microglia.
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The genomic impact of kindness to self vs. others: A randomized controlled trial. Brain Behav Immun 2022; 106:40-48. [PMID: 35905861 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2022.07.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Prosocial behavior has been linked to improved physical health, but the biological mechanisms involved remain unclear. This study tested whether a 4-week kindness intervention could reduce expression of a stress-related immune response gene signature known as the Conserved Transcriptional Response to Adversity (CTRA). METHODS In a diverse sample of community adults (N = 182), study participants were randomly assigned to perform 3 kind acts for other people, to perform 3 kind acts for themselves, or to list daily activities (control), on one day per week over 4 weeks. CTRA gene expression was measured by RNA sequencing of dried blood spots (DBS) collected at baseline and 5 weeks later (1 week after completing study assignments). Participants' descriptions of their kind acts were coded for protocol adherence and act content. RESULTS Participants who were randomized to perform kind acts for others showed significant reductions in CTRA gene expression relative to controls. Participants who were randomized to perform kind acts for themselves also showed significant reductions in CTRA gene expression relative to controls, but this pattern emerged only for those who failed to perform the requested self-kind acts (protocol non-adherent). Those who fully adhered to the self-kindness protocol showed no change in CTRA gene expression and did not differ from controls. Act content analyses implicated self-stress-reducing behavior in the paradoxical effects of self-kindness and the physical presence of others in the effects of prosocial behavior. CONCLUSIONS Prosocial engagement-doing something kind for others rather than oneself-reduces CTRA gene expression. The nature of kind acts and their intended recipient plays a key role in shaping the genomic impact of kindness.
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Dutcher JM, Cole SW, Williams AC, Creswell JD. Smartphone mindfulness meditation training reduces Pro-inflammatory gene expression in stressed adults: A randomized controlled trial. Brain Behav Immun 2022; 103:171-177. [PMID: 35427760 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2022.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mindfulness meditation training has been shown to be an effective stress reduction strategy, but less is known about its immunoregulatory impact. In a randomized controlled trial of stressed customer service workers, the present study tested whether a 30-day smartphone-based mindfulness meditation training program (compared to a problem-solving control program) would affect pro-inflammatory gene expression. Both interventions led to reductions in stress levels, but there was no difference in stress reduction between conditions. Consistent with predictions, mindfulness training reduced activity of the pro-inflammatory NF-κB transcription control pathway compared to the active control. These results suggest that mindfulness training may be a particularly effective method for improving immune cell gene expression in stressful work environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine M Dutcher
- Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Steve W Cole
- Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Adrian C Williams
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - J David Creswell
- Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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11
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Jaggers RM, DiSabato DJ, Loman BR, Kontic D, Spencer KD, Allen JM, Godbout JP, Quan N, Gur TL, Bailey MT. Stressor-Induced Reduction in Cognitive Behavior is Associated with Impaired Colonic Mucus Layer Integrity and is Dependent Upon the LPS-Binding Protein Receptor CD14. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:1617-1635. [PMID: 35264870 PMCID: PMC8901235 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s332793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Commensal microbes are impacted by stressor exposure and are known contributors to cognitive and social behaviors, but the pathways through which gut microbes influence stressor-induced behavioral changes are mostly unknown. A murine social stressor was used to determine whether host-microbe interactions are necessary for stressor-induced inflammation, including neuroinflammation, that leads to reduced cognitive and social behavior. Methods C57BL/6 male mice were exposed to a paired fighting social stressor over a 1 hr period for 6 consecutive days. Y-maze and social interaction behaviors were tested following the last day of the stressor. Serum cytokines and lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP) were measured and the number and morphology of hippocampal microglia determined via immunohistochemistry. Intestinal mucous thickness and antimicrobial peptide expression were determined via fluorescent staining and real-time PCR (respectively) and microbial community composition was assessed using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. To determine whether the microbiota or the LBP receptor (CD14) are necessary for stressor-induced behavioral changes, experiments were performed in mice treated with a broad-spectrum antibiotic cocktail or in CD14-/- mice. Results The stressor reduced Y-maze spontaneous alternations, which was accompanied by increased microglia in the hippocampus, increased circulating cytokines (eg, IL-6, TNF-α) and LBP, and reduced intestinal mucus thickness while increasing antimicrobial peptides and cytokines. These stressor-induced changes were largely prevented in mice given broad-spectrum antibiotics and in CD14-/- mice. In contrast, social stressor-induced alterations of social behavior were not microbe-dependent. Conclusion Stressor-induced cognitive deficits involve enhanced bacterial interaction with the intestine, leading to low-grade, CD14-dependent, inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert M Jaggers
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA
| | - Damon J DiSabato
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Brett R Loman
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA
| | - Danica Kontic
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA
| | - Kyle D Spencer
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Graduate Partnership Program, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, OH, USA
| | - Jacob M Allen
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA
| | - Jonathan P Godbout
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Ning Quan
- Department of Biomedical Science, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
| | - Tamar L Gur
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Michael T Bailey
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
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12
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Snodgrass JG, Lacy MG, Cole SW. Internet gaming, embodied distress, and psychosocial well-being: A syndemic-syndaimonic continuum. Soc Sci Med 2022; 295:112728. [PMID: 31879045 PMCID: PMC7289667 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.112728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We examine internet gaming-related suffering as a novel syndemic most prevalent among contemporary emerging adults. Synthetic analysis of our prior research on internet gaming and health affirms how social factors and mental and physical wellness mutually condition each other in this online play context. Employing biocultural anthropological mixed methods, we focus on statistical interactions between intensive gaming and social well-being in relation to genomic markers of immune function. We show that among gamers with low social well-being, intensive game play is associated with compromised immunity markers, but among those with robust social connection, that same play correlates with decreased activation of stress-related immunity activation. The apparently beneficial interaction of higher social well-being and intensive game play resonates with an emerging body of research showing how positive practices-in this case, engaged and pleasurable videogame play-can increase resilience to the negative linked psychological and genomic responses to precarity. Based on these findings, we argue, in relation to gaming behaviors, a syndemics analysis could usefully be expanded by attending to both sides of the synergistic interaction between two social conditions: not just exacerbation of dysfunction in relation to their combined effect, but also non-additive enhancement of health that may stem from such combinations. We draw on literature emphasizing the relevance to health of "eudaimonic" well-being-psychosocial processes that transcend immediate self-gratification and involve the pursuit of meaningful and pro-social goals. On that basis, we propose the term "syndaimonics" to capture synergies between social context and mental flourishing, which, in this context and presumably others, can illuminate sources of health resilience and overall improved psychosocial wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey G. Snodgrass
- Department of Anthropology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523-1787, USA,Corresponding author. (J.G. Snodgrass)
| | - Michael G. Lacy
- Department of Sociology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523-1784, USA
| | - Steven W. Cole
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA,Department of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
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13
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Luft C, Wearick-Silva LE, da Costa MS, Pedrazza L, Antunes GL, Grassi-Oliveira R, de Oliveira JR, Donadio MVF. Gestational stress alters maternal behavior and inflammatory markers in the olfactory bulb of lactating mice. Int J Dev Neurosci 2021; 82:180-187. [PMID: 34734422 DOI: 10.1002/jdn.10156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory markers represent important candidates responsible for the altered behavior and physiology observed after stressful experiences. In the maternal brain, the olfactory bulb (OB) is a key constituent of the neural circuit that mediates the reciprocal interaction between mother and infant. This study aimed to investigate the effects of stress during pregnancy on maternal behavior and inflammatory changes in the olfactory bulb of lactating mice. Female Balb/c mice were divided into two groups: control (CT) and restraint stress (RS). Maternal behavior was performed during the first 8 days of life of the offspring. On the 10th day after parturition, corticosterone, gene, and protein expression were assessed. Stress during pregnancy decreased the maternal index at postnatal day 4 and the nuclear factor-κB 1 (NFκB1) gene expression in the OB. Moreover, females from the RS group showed increased interleukin (IL-1β) protein expression. In contrast, stressed females exhibited a decreased tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) protein expression in the OB. In conclusion, exposure to stress during pregnancy was able to induce specific postnatal effects on maternal behavior and balance of inflammatory mediators in the OB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Luft
- Laboratory of Pediatric Physical Activity, Infant Center, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Laboratory of Cellular Biophysics and Inflammation, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Luis Eduardo Wearick-Silva
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory (DCNL), Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Mariana Severo da Costa
- Laboratory of Pediatric Physical Activity, Infant Center, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Pedrazza
- Laboratory of Ubiquitination and Celular Signalization, IDIBELL, Campus de Bellvitge, Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Géssica Luana Antunes
- Laboratory of Cellular Biophysics and Inflammation, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Grassi-Oliveira
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory (DCNL), Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jarbas Rodrigues de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Cellular Biophysics and Inflammation, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Márcio Vinícius Fagundes Donadio
- Laboratory of Pediatric Physical Activity, Infant Center, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Laboratory of Cellular Biophysics and Inflammation, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Department of Physiotherapy, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), Barcelona, Spain
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14
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The ATTACH™ program and immune cell gene expression profiles in mothers and children: A pilot randomized controlled trial. Brain Behav Immun Health 2021; 18:100358. [PMID: 34647106 PMCID: PMC8501501 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2021.100358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Children exposed to adversity and toxic stress are at increased risk for poor health across the lifespan, possibly through alterations to immune pathways. Parenting interventions could buffer the effect of adversity on child immune activity. The purpose of this study was to test whether mothers and children who were randomly assigned to a parenting intervention (ATTACH™) had healthier post-intervention immune cell gene expression patterns, as indexed by the Conserved Transcriptional Response to Adversity (CTRA), compared with mothers and children in a wait-list control group. Methods A sample of 20 mother-child dyads were recruited from a domestic violence shelter in Calgary, AB, Canada. The ATTACH™ program is a 10-week psycho-educational intervention that fosters maternal reflective function, i.e. how to understand and respond to mental states. Dyads were randomly assigned to an intervention or wait-list group. Dried blood spots were collected from both groups post-intervention, subjected to RNA sequencing, and assessed for CTRA gene expression using mixed effect linear model analysis. Covariates were age, child sex, maternal race/ethnicity, and maternal medication use. Results In unadjusted models, differences by treatment group were detected, F(1,1794) = 4.26, p = .039. Mothers and children who completed the ATTACH™ intervention had lower CTRA scores, indicating healthier immune cell gene expression profiles (Mn = −0.36, SE = 0.17), compared with mothers and children in the wait-list control group (Mn = 0.11, SE = 0.15). Results persisted after controlling for covariates. Discussion ATTACH™ participation predicted healthier immune cell gene expression profiles post-intervention compared with wait-list controls. Parenting interventions could decrease the impact of toxic stress on maternal-child immune health. The ATTACH™ program is a reflective function parenting intervention. The ATTACH™ program predicted healthier immune cell gene expression in children. The ATTACH™ program predicted healthier immune cell gene expression in mothers. The ATTACH™ program could protect the health of families escaping domestic violence.
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15
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Spallek J, Scholaske L, Duman EA, Razum O, Entringer S. Association of maternal migrant background with inflammation during pregnancy - Results of a birth cohort study in Germany. Brain Behav Immun 2021; 96:271-278. [PMID: 34146669 PMCID: PMC8316562 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health disparities in children of immigrants are prevalent from birth and are hypothesized to - in part - emerge as a biological consequence of migration's unfavorable social and psychological sequelae. The aim of this study was to examine whether maternal migrant background is associated with inflammation during pregnancy - a key pathway by which maternal states and conditions during pregnancy may influence fetal development and subsequent pregnancy, birth, and child developmental and health outcomes. MATERIAL AND METHODS Data was available from 126 pregnant women who participated in a population based multi-site prospective birth cohort study in Bielefeld and Berlin, Germany. The study included two study visits in mid- and late pregnancy. At each visit, a composite maternal pro-inflammatory score was derived from circulating levels of plasma inflammatory markers (IL-6, CRP). Migrant background was defined by country of origin of participants and their parents' (Turkey or other) and generation status (1st or 2nd generation). We applied hierarchical linear models (HLM) in order to quantify the relationship between different migrant background variables and inflammation during pregnancy after adjustment for potential confounders (including socioeconomic status). RESULTS Migrant background was significantly associated with inflammation during pregnancy. When compared to women without migrant background, levels of inflammation were increased in 1) pregnant women with migrant background in general (B = 0.35, SE = 0.12, p < .01); 2) 1st (B = 0.28, SE = 0.15, p < .10) and 2nd generation (B = 0.40, SE = 0.15, p < .01); 3) women with a Turkish migrant background (B = 0.28, SE = 0.14, p < .10) and women with another migrant background (B = 0.42, SE = 0.15, p < .01); and 4) 2nd generation Turkish origin women (B = 0.38, SE = 0.20, p < .10), 1st generation women with other migrant background (B = 0.44, SE = 0.26, p < .10), and 2nd generation women with other migrant background (B = 0.43, SE = 0.17, p < .05). DISCUSSION Our findings support a role for maternal inflammation as a pathway of intergenerational transmission of migration-related health inequalities, suggest that the effect seems to persist in 2nd generation immigrants, and highlight the need for future research and targeted interventions in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Spallek
- Department of Public Health, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Senftenberg, Germany.
| | - Laura Scholaske
- German Center for Integration and Migration Research (DeZIM), Berlin, Germany
| | - Elif Aysimi Duman
- Department of Psychology, Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey,,Center for Life Sciences and Technologies, Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Oliver Razum
- Department of Epidemiology & International Public Health, School of Public Health, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Sonja Entringer
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Psychology, 10117 Berlin, Germany;,Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, California 92617, USA.,Development, Health and Disease Research Program University of California, Irvine, California 92617, USA
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16
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Aschbacher K, Hagan M, Steine IM, Rivera L, Cole S, Baccarella A, Epel ES, Lieberman A, Bush NR. Adversity in early life and pregnancy are immunologically distinct from total life adversity: macrophage-associated phenotypes in women exposed to interpersonal violence. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:391. [PMID: 34282132 PMCID: PMC8289995 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01498-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Early childhood and pregnancy are two sensitive periods of heightened immune plasticity, when exposure to adversity may disproportionately increase health risks. However, we need deeper phenotyping to disentangle the impact of adversity during sensitive periods from that across the total lifespan. This study examined whether retrospective reports of adversity during childhood or pregnancy were associated with inflammatory imbalance, in an ethnically diverse cohort of 53 low-income women seeking family-based trauma treatment following exposure to interpersonal violence. Structured interviews assessed early life adversity (trauma exposure ≤ age 5), pregnancy adversity, and total lifetime adversity. Blood serum was assayed for pro-inflammatory (TNF-a, IL-1ß, IL-6, and CRP) and anti-inflammatory (IL-1RA, IL-4, and IL-10) cytokines. CD14+ monocytes were isolated in a subsample (n = 42) and gene expression assayed by RNA sequencing (Illumina HiSeq 4000; TruSeq cDNA library). The primary outcome was a macrophage-associated M1/M2 gene expression phenotype. To evaluate sensitivity and specificity, we contrasted M1/M2 gene expression with a second, clinically-validated macrophage-associated immunosuppressive phenotype (endotoxin tolerance) and with pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine levels. Adjusting for demographics, socioeconomic status, and psychopathology, higher adversity in early life (ß = .337, p = 0.029) and pregnancy (ß = .332, p = 0.032) were each associated with higher M1/M2 gene expression, whereas higher lifetime adversity (ß = -.341, p = 0.031) was associated with lower immunosuppressive gene expression. Adversity during sensitive periods was uniquely associated with M1/M2 imbalance, among low-income women with interpersonal violence exposure. Given that M1/M2 imbalance is found in sepsis, severe COVID-19 and myriad chronic diseases, these findings implicate novel immune mechanisms underlying the impact of adversity on health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirstin Aschbacher
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA.
- The Institute for Integrative Health, San Francisco, USA.
| | - Melissa Hagan
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, USA
- Department of Psychology, College of Science & Engineering, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, USA
| | - Iris M Steine
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, USA
- Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Luisa Rivera
- Department of Anthropology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Steve Cole
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | | | - Elissa S Epel
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Alicia Lieberman
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Nicole R Bush
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, USA
- Center for Health and Community, University of California, San Francisco, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Developmental Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, USA
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17
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Racial Discrimination and Stress Across the Life Course: Associations With Prenatal Inflammation, Perceived Stress, and Depressive Symptoms. Nurs Res 2021; 70:S21-S30. [PMID: 34173372 DOI: 10.1097/nnr.0000000000000525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Among Black Americans, interpersonal racial discrimination is common. Stress, including following discrimination, contributes to pregnancy complications. In this secondary analysis, we provide data on associations among discrimination, stress, and their interaction across the life course and inflammation, perceived stress, and depressive symptoms during pregnancy. METHODS During the early third trimester, Black American women (n = 93) completed the Experiences of Discrimination Scale, the Stress and Adversity Inventory, the Perceived Stress Scale, and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Inventory. Plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and IL-β levels were quantified. Associations were examined by linear regression, controlling for demographic, behavioral, and clinical covariates. RESULTS Associations among racial discrimination and plasma IL-8, TNF-α, and IL-β levels depended upon average ratings of life course stress. When stress was low, discrimination in the mid tertile was associated with the highest levels of IL-8, TNF-α, and IL-β. Subscale analyses suggested that findings related to IL-8 were driven by chronic stress whereas findings related to TNF-α and IL-β were driven by acute stress. When examined together, greater discrimination but not greater life course stress was associated with higher prenatal perceived stress. In subscale analyses, the association between discrimination and prenatal perceived stress depended upon average ratings of life course acute stress. When acute stress was low, discrimination in the midtertile was associated with the highest levels of prenatal perceived stress. When acute stress was high, discrimination in the high tertile was associated with the highest levels of prenatal perceived stress. There were also direct associations among greater life course chronic stress, prenatal perceived stress, and prenatal depressive symptoms. Associations were attenuated when discrimination was included as a covariate. CONCLUSIONS The current analyses suggest that, among Black Americans, prenatal inflammation, perceived stress, and depressive symptoms may be shaped by racial discrimination and stress across the life course. In many cases, associations among discrimination and prenatal parameters depended upon how stressful exposures to life course stressors had been rated. The data suggest the potential for adaptive plasticity under some stress and highlight the deleterious nature of compounding stress.
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18
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Ding X, Liang M, Wu Y, Zhao T, Qu G, Zhang J, Zhang H, Han T, Ma S, Sun Y. The impact of prenatal stressful life events on adverse birth outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 2021; 287:406-416. [PMID: 33838476 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.03.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stressful life events as important stressors have gradually been recognized as the potential etiology that may lead to adverse birth outcomes such as preterm birth (PTB), low birth weight (LBW), and small for gestational age (SGA). However, researches on this topic have shown relatively inconsistent results. This systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to synthesize available data on the association between prenatal stressful life events and increased risks of PTB, LBW, and SGA. METHODS Electronic databases were searched from their inception until September 2020. Pooled relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the association between prenatal stressful life events and PTB, LBW, and SGA using random effects models. In addition, subgroup analyses, cumulative meta-analyses, sensitivity analyses, and publication bias diagnosis were conducted. STATA 14.0 was applied for statistical analyses. RESULTS Totally 31 cohort studies involving 5,665,998 pregnant women were included. Prenatal stressful life events were associated with a 20% higher risk of PTB (RR = 1.20, 95%CI = 1.10-1.32), a 23% increased risk for LBW (RR = 1.23, 95%CI = 1.10-1.39), and a 14% higher risk of SGA (RR = 1.14, 95%CI = 1.08-1.20). Sensitivity analysis indicated the results were stable. CONCLUSIONS Findings indicated that pregnant women experiencing prenatal stressful life events were at increased risk of PTB, LBW, and SGA. This information provided additional supports that pregnant women experiencing prenatal stressful life events would benefit from receiving assessment and management in prenatal care services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxiu Ding
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Mingming Liang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Yile Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Tianming Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Guangbo Qu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Neonatology, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital/Children's Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230051, Anhui, China
| | - Huimei Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Tiantian Han
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Shaodi Ma
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Yehuan Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Centre for Evidence-Based Practice, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China.
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19
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Menke A, Nitschke F, Hellmuth A, Helmel J, Wurst C, Stonawski S, Blickle M, Weiß C, Weber H, Hommers L, Domschke K, Deckert J. Stress impairs response to antidepressants via HPA axis and immune system activation. Brain Behav Immun 2021; 93:132-140. [PMID: 33422640 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Childhood trauma as well as severe events occurring later in life have been associated with the development of major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the interaction of early and later occurring adverse events in patients with MDD is understudied. This study aims to disentangle this interaction by investigating the effects on two of the main stress-response systems of the body, the hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenal (HPA-) axis and the immune system in depressed patients. The function of the HPA-axis was assessed by measuring FKBP5, SGK1 and NR3C1 mRNA-expression in peripheral blood after an in vivo glucocorticoid receptor (GR) challenge with 1.5 mg dexamethasone in 150 depressed in-patients (47.4% females). Childhood trauma was evaluated using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), severe life events occurring one year prior to hospital admission were assessed with the List of Threatening Experiences (LTE). Multiple childhood traumata, i.e. ≥ 3, were present in 68 (45.5%) patients, 59 (39.3%) experienced ≥ 3 severe recent life events. The history of ≥ 3 severe recent life events was associated with an impaired GR-induction of SGK1 (F = 10.455; df = 1; p = 0.002) and FKBP5 mRNA expression (F = 8.720; df = 1; p = 0.004), and with elevated measures of the immune system such as CRP and lymphocyte count. In addition, severe recent life events were associated with a substantially impaired treatment response to antidepressants (F = 7.456; df = 1; p = 0.008). These effects could not be observed in relation to childhood trauma. Severe life events occurring prior to MDD development substantially impaired the stress-response systems and the response to treatment with antidepressants. This finding may indicate the need to employ additional treatment options such as psychotherapy right at the beginning of treatment or immune-modulating approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Menke
- Center of Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Würzburg, Margarete-Höppel-Platz 1, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, University Hospital of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; Comprehensive Hearth Failure Center (CHFC), University Hospital of Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, 97078 Würzburg, Germany; Medical Park Chiemseeblick, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Rasthausstr. 25, 83233 Bernau am Chiemsee; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Felix Nitschke
- Center of Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Würzburg, Margarete-Höppel-Platz 1, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Anna Hellmuth
- Center of Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Würzburg, Margarete-Höppel-Platz 1, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jacqueline Helmel
- Center of Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Würzburg, Margarete-Höppel-Platz 1, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Catherina Wurst
- Center of Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Würzburg, Margarete-Höppel-Platz 1, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, University Hospital of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; Comprehensive Hearth Failure Center (CHFC), University Hospital of Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Saskia Stonawski
- Center of Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Würzburg, Margarete-Höppel-Platz 1, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, University Hospital of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; Comprehensive Hearth Failure Center (CHFC), University Hospital of Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Manuel Blickle
- Center of Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Würzburg, Margarete-Höppel-Platz 1, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Carolin Weiß
- Center of Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Würzburg, Margarete-Höppel-Platz 1, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Heike Weber
- Center of Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Würzburg, Margarete-Höppel-Platz 1, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Leif Hommers
- Center of Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Würzburg, Margarete-Höppel-Platz 1, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, University Hospital of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; Comprehensive Hearth Failure Center (CHFC), University Hospital of Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Domschke
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hauptstr. 5, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; Center for Basics in NeuroModulation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacher Str.64, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Deckert
- Center of Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Würzburg, Margarete-Höppel-Platz 1, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
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20
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Paquin V, Lapierre M, Veru F, King S. Early Environmental Upheaval and the Risk for Schizophrenia. Annu Rev Clin Psychol 2021; 17:285-311. [PMID: 33544627 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-081219-103805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Why does prenatal exposure to wars, natural disasters, urbanicity, or winter increase the risk for schizophrenia? Research from the last two decades has provided rich insight about the underlying chains of causation at play during environmental upheaval, from conception to early infancy. In this review, we appraise the evidence linking schizophrenia spectrum disorder to prenatal maternal stress, obstetric complications, early infections, and maternal nutrition and other lifestyle factors. We discuss putative mechanisms, including the maternal stress system, perinatal hypoxia, and maternal-offspring immune activation. We propose that gene-environment interactions, timing during development, and sex differentiate the neuropsychiatric outcomes. Future research should pursue the translation of animal studies to humans and the longitudinal associations between early exposures, intermediate phenotypes, and psychiatric disorders. Finally, to paint a comprehensive model of risk and to harness targets for prevention, we argue that risk factors should be situated within the individual's personal ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Paquin
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 1A1, Canada; .,Douglas Research Centre, Montréal, Québec H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Mylène Lapierre
- Douglas Research Centre, Montréal, Québec H4H 1R3, Canada.,Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H2V 2S9, Canada
| | - Franz Veru
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 1A1, Canada; .,Douglas Research Centre, Montréal, Québec H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Suzanne King
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 1A1, Canada; .,Douglas Research Centre, Montréal, Québec H4H 1R3, Canada.,Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H2V 2S9, Canada
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21
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Abstract
This study evaluated whether children with higher adverse childhood experiences (ACE) scores had alterations in immune cell gene expression profiles. RNA sequencing was conducted on dried blood spot samples from 37 generally healthy English-speaking children (age 5-11) who were recruited from well-child visits at a university-affiliated pediatric practice. The Whole Child Assessment was used to assess ACE exposure. Primary analyses examined an a priori-specified composite of 19 pro-inflammatory gene transcripts. Secondary analyses examined a 34-gene composite assessing Type I interferon response, and used Transcript Origin Analyses to identify cellular mechanisms. After controlling for age, body mass index percentile, sex, race/ethnicity, current insurance status, and household smoking exposure, pro-inflammatory gene expression was elevated by 0.094 log2 RNA expression units with each Child-ACE total score point (p = .019). Type I interferon gene expression was similarly upregulated (0.103; p = .008). Transcript origin analyses implicated CD8+ T cell as the primary sources of gene transcripts upregulated, and nonclassical (CD16+) monocytes as sources of downregulated transcripts. These preliminary analyses suggest that parent-reported ACE exposures are associated with increased expression of both inflammatory and interferon gene transcripts in children's circulating blood cells.
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22
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Cozzolino M, Cocco S, Piezzo M, Celia G, Costantini S, Abate V, Capone F, Barberio D, Girelli L, Cavicchiolo E, Ascierto PA, Madonna G, Budillon A, De Laurentiis M. A Psychosocial Genomics Pilot Study in Oncology for Verifying Clinical, Inflammatory and Psychological Effects of Mind-Body Transformations-Therapy (MBT-T) in Breast Cancer Patients: Preliminary Results. J Clin Med 2021; 10:E136. [PMID: 33401546 PMCID: PMC7796278 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10010136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies have highlighted the key role of chronic inflammation in breast cancer development, progression, metastasis, and therapeutic outcome. These processes are mediated through a variety of cytokines and hormones that exert their biological actions either locally or distantly via systemic circulation. Recent findings suggest that positive psychosocial experiences, including psychotherapeutic interventions and therapeutic mind-body protocols, can modulate the inflammatory response by reducing the expression of genes/proteins associated with inflammation and stress-related pathways. Our preliminary results indicate that a specific mind-body therapy (MBT-T) could induce a significant reduction of the release of different cytokines and chemokines, such as SCGFβ, SDF-1α, MCP3, GROα, LIF, and IL-18, in the sera of breast cancer patients compared to a control group, suggesting that MBT-T could represent a promising approach to improve the wellness and outcome of breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Cozzolino
- Department of Human, Philosophical and Educational Sciences, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy; (M.C.); (G.C.); (L.G.); (E.C.)
| | - Stefania Cocco
- Department of Breast and Thoracic Oncology, Division of Breast Medical Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS “Fondazione G. Pascale”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.C.); (M.P.)
| | - Michela Piezzo
- Department of Breast and Thoracic Oncology, Division of Breast Medical Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS “Fondazione G. Pascale”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.C.); (M.P.)
| | - Giovanna Celia
- Department of Human, Philosophical and Educational Sciences, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy; (M.C.); (G.C.); (L.G.); (E.C.)
| | - Susan Costantini
- Experimental Pharmacology Unit—Mercogliano Laboratory, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS “Fondazione G. Pascale”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.C.); (F.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Valentina Abate
- Psychology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS “Fondazione G. Pascale”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.A.); (D.B.)
| | - Francesca Capone
- Experimental Pharmacology Unit—Mercogliano Laboratory, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS “Fondazione G. Pascale”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.C.); (F.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Daniela Barberio
- Psychology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS “Fondazione G. Pascale”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.A.); (D.B.)
| | - Laura Girelli
- Department of Human, Philosophical and Educational Sciences, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy; (M.C.); (G.C.); (L.G.); (E.C.)
| | - Elisa Cavicchiolo
- Department of Human, Philosophical and Educational Sciences, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy; (M.C.); (G.C.); (L.G.); (E.C.)
| | - Paolo Antonio Ascierto
- Department Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy and Development Therapeutics, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS “Fondazione G. Pascale”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (P.A.A.); (G.M.)
| | - Gabriele Madonna
- Department Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy and Development Therapeutics, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS “Fondazione G. Pascale”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (P.A.A.); (G.M.)
| | - Alfredo Budillon
- Experimental Pharmacology Unit—Mercogliano Laboratory, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS “Fondazione G. Pascale”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.C.); (F.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Michelino De Laurentiis
- Department of Breast and Thoracic Oncology, Division of Breast Medical Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS “Fondazione G. Pascale”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.C.); (M.P.)
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23
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Carroll JE, Mahrer NE, Shalowitz MU, Ramey S, Schetter CD. Prenatal maternal stress prospectively relates to shorter child buccal cell telomere length. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2020; 121:104841. [PMID: 32927181 PMCID: PMC9531598 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2020.104841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Prenatal exposure to stress increases risk for suboptimal child and adult mental and physical health outcomes, hypothesized to occur via fetal exposure to maternal stress hormones that alter growth and development. One proposed pathway through which stress exposure in utero could affect the offspring is by accelerating cellular aging in the form of telomere attrition. We tested this hypothesis in a cohort of 111 mother-child dyads, where mothers were assessed over 6 or more years, beginning prior to conception, and later during pregnancy, postpartum, and when the children were 3-5 years old. Adjusting for child age and concurrent maternal stress, we found that higher maternal perceived stress in the 3rd trimesters of pregnancy was predictive of shorter child buccal telomere length (bTL) (β = -0.24, p < .05), while maternal preconception and postpartum maternal stress were not associated with bTL (all p's > 0.42). These findings suggest a vulnerable time period in pregnancy when maternal stress influences offspring telomere length, suggesting the early embedding of adult disease might occur through biological aging pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith E. Carroll
- University of California, Los Angeles, Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Nicole E. Mahrer
- University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Psychology,University of La Verne, Department of Psychology
| | | | - Sharon Ramey
- Virginia Tech, Departments of Psychology, Neuroscience, and Human Development, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Medicine and Pediatrics
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24
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RNASeq analysis reveals upregulation of complement C3 in the offspring gut following prenatal stress in mice. Immunobiology 2020; 225:151983. [PMID: 32747015 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2020.151983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulated activation of inflammatory signaling by the immature neonatal immune system could lead to the development of many pediatric diseases including necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). While the mechanism(s) of pathogenesis is unknown, NEC is believed to have multifactorial causes. Microbial dysbiosis and intestinal immaturity have been implicated as potential triggers for this disease. We hypothesized that psychological stress during pregnancy negatively impacts the development of intestinal tissues in offspring and contributes to development of NEC. Consistent with this hypothesis, we previously observed shorter villi and a decrease in total surface area in the small intestine of pups derived from mice that were chronically stressed during gestation. In this study, we performed RNASeq analysis to determine the gene expression changes in the offspring gut following prenatal stress in pregnant mice and identified several differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and biological pathways. Notably, C3 was upregulated in the small intestine and contributed to a higher tissue injury score in a mesenteric ischemia model compared to unstressed controls. We discuss the potential implications of these stress-induced genes expression changes and their contribution to development of intestinal inflammation.
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25
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Cozzolino M, Celia G, Rossi KL, Rossi EL. Hypnosis as Sole Anesthesia for Dental Removal in a Patient with Multiple Chemical Sensitivity. Int J Clin Exp Hypn 2020; 68:371-383. [PMID: 32543265 DOI: 10.1080/00207144.2020.1762494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Despite a number of studies on hypnosis as analgesia and anesthesia in several medical conditions, case studies on patients with multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) are still relatively few. This case study is about a female patient with MCS who underwent dental removal using hypnosis as the sole anesthesia. The paradigm in which we work is psychosocial genomics of clinical hypnosis. We used the mind-body transformations therapy, one of the clinical methods of the psychosocial genomics paradigm. In order to induce not only effective analgesia and anesthesia but also a condition of well-being, problem-solving, effective coping and self-empowerment in our patient, 3 different hypnotic protocols were used in a multidimensional approach. Although further research is needed, our work might open up new scenarios for the application of hypnosis as sole anesthesia in conditions such as MCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Cozzolino
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Research on Psycho-Social Genomics, Translational Neuroscience and Hypnosis (PSG-LAB), University of Salerno , Fisciano, Italy
| | - Giovanna Celia
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Foggia , Apulia, Italy
| | - Kathryn L Rossi
- The Milton H. Erickson Institute of the California Central Coast (US) and Psychosocial Genomics Research Institute , Los Osos, California, USA
| | - Ernest L Rossi
- The Milton H. Erickson Institute of the California Central Coast (US) and Psychosocial Genomics Research Institute , Los Osos, California, USA
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26
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Snodgrass JG, Lacy MG, Dengah HJF, Polzer ER, Else RJ, Arevalo JMG, Cole SW. Positive mental well-being and immune transcriptional profiles in highly involved videogame players. Brain Behav Immun 2019; 82:84-92. [PMID: 31376495 PMCID: PMC6800642 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous research has identified a link between experiencing life as meaningful and purposeful-what is referred to as "eudaimonia"-and reduced expression of a stress-induced gene profile known as the "conserved transcriptional response to adversity" (CTRA). In the current study, we examine whether similar links between eudaimonic well-being and CTRA reduction occur in a sample of 56 individuals with a particularly strong engagement with virtual worlds: avid online videogame players. Results consistently linked higher eudaimonic well-being, and more specifically the social well-being subdomain of eudaimonia, to lower levels of CTRA gene expression. That favorable psychobiological relationship between eudaimonia and CTRA appeared most strongly among individuals reporting high levels of positive psychosocial involvement with gaming. Findings are consistent with the hypothesis that committed social/recreational activity may help damp CTRA expression especially among persons who are already experiencing some kind of threshold of positive eudaimonic experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey G Snodgrass
- Department of Anthropology and Geography, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1787, USA.
| | - Michael G Lacy
- Department of Sociology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1784, USA
| | - H J François Dengah
- Department of Sociology, Social Work, and Anthropology, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322-0230, USA
| | - Evan R Polzer
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Robert J Else
- Department of Anthropology, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487-0210, USA
| | - Jesusa M G Arevalo
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Steven W Cole
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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27
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Rosa MJ, Nentin F, Enlow MB, Hacker MR, Pollas N, Coull B, Wright RJ. Sex-specific associations between prenatal negative life events and birth outcomes. Stress 2019; 22:647-653. [PMID: 31057018 PMCID: PMC6776698 DOI: 10.1080/10253890.2019.1608944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal psychosocial stress can negatively impact gestational length and development of the fetus. These effects may be sex-specific but have not been extensively studied. The objective of this study was to examine the associations between prenatal maternal stress and birth outcomes and whether effects are modified by sex. Prenatal maternal stress was indexed by a maternal negative life events (NLEs) score ascertained in 527 urban mothers; a higher NLE score indicates greater stress. Birth outcomes included gestational age, preterm birth (PTB) (<37 weeks), and birthweight for gestational age z-scores. Modified Poisson regression and linear models were used to evaluate associations of prenatal NLE scores with birth outcomes. Sex differences were assessed by inclusion of an interaction term for sex by NLE score and in sex-stratified analyses. In analyses adjusted for maternal age, education, race/ethnicity, and pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), increasing prenatal stress was associated with shortened gestational age (days) (β = -0.63, [95% CI -1.20, -0.06]). This effect was sex specific, with increasing prenatal stress associated with shortened gestational age, as well as increased risk of PTB, in male infants (β = -1.35 [95% CI -2.17, -0.54] and RR = 1.18 [95% CI 0.99, 1.42], respectively) but not female infants (β = 0.15 [95%CI -0.63, 0.94] and RR = 0.85, [95%CI 0.65, 1.11], respectively). Prenatal stress was not associated with birthweight z-scores. Our results support the importance of psychosocial stress as a programming factor that may have sex-specific effects for adverse fetal outcomes. Understanding sex-specific effects of prenatal stress on birth outcomes may inform prevention strategies. LAY SUMMARY Higher stress experienced by mothers in pregnancy was associated with shorter length of pregnancy and the effect was stronger in male infants when compared to female infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria José Rosa
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount, Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Farida Nentin
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michelle Bosquet Enlow
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michele R. Hacker
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Avenue, KS3, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Brent Coull
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rosalind J. Wright
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount, Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Kravis Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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28
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Gillespie SL, Cole SW, Christian LM. Early adversity and the regulation of gene expression: Implications for prenatal health. Curr Opin Behav Sci 2019; 28:111-118. [PMID: 31815157 PMCID: PMC6897329 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobeha.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Early life, including prenatal development and childhood, is a period of sensitivity, with potential for developmental programming under conditions of adversity. The intergenerational effects of early adversity have received attention, most often studied in relation to fetal development according to maternal exposures. Less often considered but critically important is the effect of early adversity on future prenatal risk (e.g., risk for preeclampsia, preterm birth), which threatens the health of mother and infant. The body's ability to turn collections of genes "on" or "off" across a range of tissues via receptor-driven transcription factors and epigenetic mechanisms (i.e., chemical modifications to the genome) in response to the perceived environment may help to explain such associations. This review aims to summarize discoveries surrounding the effects of early adversity on gene expression, emphasizing prenatal populations. First, we review findings from gene expression studies examining the effects of early adversity on various tissues known to contribute to prenatal health in adulthood. Next, we review several gene regulatory mechanisms thought to underlie differences in gene expression. Finally, we discuss potential implications for prenatal risk among early adversity-exposed mothers according to our current understanding of the biology that contributes to the development of prenatal syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Steve W Cole
- Department of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences and Medicine, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Lisa M Christian
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
- The Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
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29
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Christian LM. At the forefront of psychoneuroimmunology in pregnancy: Implications for racial disparities in birth outcomes: PART 2: Biological mechanisms. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 117:327-333. [PMID: 30885813 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
As reviewed in Part 1 of this two part review, birth prior to full term is a substantial public health issue. In the US, ˜400,000 babies per year are born preterm (< 37 weeks), while>1 million are early term (37-386/7 weeks) and remarkable racial disparities in shortened gestation are observed among African Americans as compared to Whites. Biomechanisms linking stressor exposures with birth outcomes are increasingly being explicated. The current paper reviews the mechanistic role of maternal biological functioning in the link between behavioral exposures and birth outcomes. These include the inter-related roles of neuroendocrine function, inflammatory regulation, biological aging, and the microbiome. An integrative approach which addresses both behavioral and biological factors within the same study, carefully considers the role of race/ethnicity, and rigorously defines birth outcomes (e.g., spontaneous versus medically-indicated and inclusive of early term birth) is needed to move research in this field toward better mechanistic understanding and clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Christian
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA; The Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA; Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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