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Ueda K, Chin SS, Sato N, Nishikawa M, Yasuda K, Miyasaka N, Bera BS, Chorro L, Doña-Termine R, Koba WR, Reynolds D, Steidl UG, Lauvau G, Greally JM, Suzuki M. Prenatal vitamin D deficiency exposure leads to long-term changes in immune cell proportions. Sci Rep 2024; 14:19899. [PMID: 39191975 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-70911-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is a common deficiency worldwide, particularly among women of reproductive age. During pregnancy, it increases the risk of immune-related diseases in offspring later in life. However, how the body remembers exposure to an adverse environment during development is poorly understood. Herein, we explore the effects of prenatal vitamin D deficiency on immune cell proportions in offspring using vitamin D deficient mice established by dietary manipulation. We found that prenatal vitamin D deficiency alters immune cell proportions in offspring by changing the transcriptional properties of genes downstream of vitamin D receptor signaling in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells of both the fetus and adults. Moreover, further investigations of the associations between maternal vitamin D levels and cord blood immune cell profiles from 75 healthy pregnant women and their term offspring also confirm that maternal vitamin D levels in the second trimester significantly affect immune cell proportions in the offspring. These findings imply that the differentiation properties of hematopoiesis act as long-term memories of prenatal vitamin D deficiency exposure in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koki Ueda
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Department of Blood Transfusion and Transplantation Immunology, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan
| | - Shu Shien Chin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1301 Morris Park Ave, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Noriko Sato
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, Japan Women's University, 2-8-1 Mejirodai, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8681, Japan
| | - Miyu Nishikawa
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0398, Japan
| | - Kaori Yasuda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0398, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Miyasaka
- Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Medical and Dental Sciences, Systemic Organ Regulation, Comprehensive Reproductive Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Betelehem Solomon Bera
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1301 Morris Park Ave, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Laurent Chorro
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1301 Morris Park Ave, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Reanna Doña-Termine
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1301 Morris Park Ave, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Wade R Koba
- Department of Radiology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - David Reynolds
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1301 Morris Park Ave, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Ulrich G Steidl
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Department of Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine-Montefiore Medical Center, 1300 Morris Park Ave, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Montefiore-Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine-Montefiore Medical Center, 1300 Morris Park Ave, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Gregoire Lauvau
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1301 Morris Park Ave, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - John M Greally
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1301 Morris Park Ave, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine-Montefiore Medical Center, 1300 Morris Park Ave, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Masako Suzuki
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1301 Morris Park Ave, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, 2253 TAMU, College Station, TX, 77840, USA.
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Ueda K, Chin SS, Sato N, NIshikawa M, Yasuda K, Miyasaka N, Bera BS, Chorro L, Dona-Termine R, Koba WR, Reynolds D, Steidl UG, Lauvau G, Greally JM, Suzuki M. Prenatal vitamin D deficiency alters immune cell proportions of young adult offspring through alteration of long-term stem cell fates. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.09.11.557255. [PMID: 37745570 PMCID: PMC10515841 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.11.557255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is a common deficiency worldwide, particularly among women of reproductive age. During pregnancy, it increases the risk of immune-related diseases in offspring later in life. However, exactly how the body remembers exposure to an adverse environment during development is poorly understood. Herein, we explore the effects of prenatal vitamin D deficiency on immune cell proportions in offspring using vitamin D deficient mice established by dietary manipulation. We found that prenatal vitamin D deficiency alters immune cell proportions in offspring by changing the transcriptional properties of genes downstream of vitamin D receptor signaling in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells of both the fetus and adults. Our results suggest the role of cellular differentiation properties of the hematopoiesis as the long-term memories of prenatal exposure at the adult stage. Moreover, further investigations of the associations between maternal vitamin D levels and cord blood immune cell profiles from 75 healthy pregnant women and their term babies also confirm that maternal vitamin D levels in the second trimester significantly affect immune cell proportions in the babies. This highlights the importance of providing vitamin D supplementation at specific stages of pregnancy.
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Wang CX, Wang B, Sun JJ, Xiao CY, Ma H, Jia FY, Li HH. Circulating retinol and 25(OH)D contents and their association with symptoms in children with chronic tic disorders. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024; 33:1017-1028. [PMID: 37166521 PMCID: PMC11032271 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-023-02226-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The present study measured serum levels of vitamin A (VA) and vitamin D (VD) in children with chronic tic disorders (CTD) and investigated their potential association with CTD and comorbidity of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and the association of their co-insufficiencies or deficiencies with CTD symptoms. A total of 176 children (131 boys and 45 girls, median age of 9 years) with CTD were recruited as the CTD group. During the same period, 154 healthy children were selected as the healthy control (HC) cohort. Circulating retinol and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels were measured for all participants using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and tandem mass spectrometry. The Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS) was employed for the assessment of tic status and CTD impairment. The Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham Rating Scale (SNAP-IV) and the Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS) were used to evaluate comorbidity symptoms. CTD pediatric participants exhibited markedly diminished circulating retinol and 25(OH)D levels compared to HCs. Moreover, VA and VD deficiencies and their co-insufficiencies/deficiencies were more prevalent in CTD participants than HCs. Circulating 25(OH)D levels were inversely proportional to the YGTSS motor tic scores. YGTSS scores in CTD children with only VA or VD insufficiency or deficiency or with VA and VD co-insufficiency/deficiency did not differ from those in CTD children with normal VA and VD. CTD children with comorbid ADHD displayed reduced circulating retinol and 25(OH)D concentrations and elevated prevalence of VD deficiency compared to CTD participants without comorbid ADHD. Lower serum retinol content was intricately linked to the presence of elevated CTD and comorbid ADHD. VA and VD deficiencies and their co-insufficiencies/deficiencies were markedly enhanced in CTD pediatric participants compared to HCs. Lower VA concentration was linked to the presence of enhanced CTD and comorbid ADHD. Therefore, children with CTD, especially with comorbid ADHD, may be at a higher risk of VA or VD deficiency, which may prompt the clinicians to consider whether blood tests for VA and VD in CTD children would be helpful for clinical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Xin Wang
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Jian-Jian Sun
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Chun-Ying Xiao
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Huan Ma
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Fei-Yong Jia
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Hong-Hua Li
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China.
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
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Li HH, Wang XF, Wang B, Jia FY. Vitamin D3 improves iminodipropionitrile-induced tic-like behavior in rats through regulation of GDNF/c-Ret signaling activity. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024:10.1007/s00787-024-02376-z. [PMID: 38396228 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02376-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Children with chronic tic disorders (CTD), including Tourette syndrome (TS), have significantly reduced serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D]. While vitamin D3 supplementation (VDS) may reduce tic symptoms in these children, its mechanism is unclear. The study aim was to investigate the effects and mechanisms of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) and VDS on TS model behavior. Forty 5-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into (n = 10 each): control, TS model, TS model with VDD (TS + VDD), or TS model with VDS (TS + VDS; two intramuscular injections of 20,000 IU/200 g) groups. The VDD model was diet-induced (0 IU vitamin D/kg); the TS model was iminodipropionitrile (IDPN)-induced. All groups were tested for behavior, serum and striatal 25(OH)D and dopamine (DA), mRNA expressions of vitamin D receptor (VDR), glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), protooncogene tyrosine-protein kinase receptor Ret (c-Ret), and DA D1 (DRD1) and D2 (DRD2) receptor genes in the striatum. TS + VDD had higher behavior activity scores throughout, and higher total behavior score at day 21 compared with TS model. In contrast, day 21 TS + VDS stereotyped behavior scores and total scores were lower than TS model. The serum 25(OH)D in TS + VDD was < 20 ng/mL, and lower than control. Striatal DA of TS was lower than control. Compared with TS model, striatal DA of TS + VDD was lower, while in TS + VDS it was higher than TS model. Furthermore, mRNA expression of VDR, GDNF, and c-Ret genes decreased in TS model, and GDNF expression decreased more in TS + VDD, while TS + VDS had higher GDNF and c-Ret expressions. VDD aggravates, and VDS ameliorates tic-like behavior in an IDPN-induced model. VDS may upregulate GDNF/c-Ret signaling activity through VDR, reversing the striatal DA decrease and alleviating tic-like behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Hua Li
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Children's Hospital, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
- The Child Health Clinical Research Center of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Xi-Fei Wang
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Children's Hospital, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
- The Child Health Clinical Research Center of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Children's Hospital, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
- The Child Health Clinical Research Center of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Fei-Yong Jia
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Children's Hospital, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China.
- The Child Health Clinical Research Center of Jilin Province, Changchun, China.
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Sparaco M, Bonavita S. Vitamin D Supplementation: Effect on Cytokine Profile in Multiple Sclerosis. J Clin Med 2024; 13:835. [PMID: 38337529 PMCID: PMC10856360 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13030835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is known for its role in modulating calcium and phosphate homeostasis and is implicated both in bone mineralization and immune system regulation. The immune-modulatory role of vitamin D and its impact on multiple sclerosis (MS) courses are still debated. The aim of this review was to check the effect of vitamin D supplementation on cytokine profile regulation in people with MS. A significant increase in serum concentrations of interleukin (IL)-10 and Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 after vitamin D supplementation was demonstrated in most studies, with some of them reporting a reduction in disability scores after vitamin D supplementation and an inverse correlation between IL-10 levels and disability. The effect of vitamin D on the serum levels of IL-17 and IL-6 was controversial; different results across studies could be explained by a variability in the treatment duration, route, and frequency of administration, as well as the dosage of vitamin D supplementation, responses to vitamin D treatment and the serum levels reached with supplementation, including the methods used for cytokine analysis and the different cell types investigated, the MS phenotype, the disease phase (active vs. non-active) and duration, and concomitant treatment with disease-modifying therapies. Nevertheless, the significant increase in the serum concentrations of IL-10 and TGF-β1, demonstrated in most studies, suggests an anti-inflammatory effect of vitamin D supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Simona Bonavita
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy;
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Máčová L, Kancheva R, Bičíková M. Molecular Regulation of the CNS by Vitamin D. Physiol Res 2023; 72:S339-S356. [PMID: 38116771 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.935248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is a lipid-soluble vitamin that can be found in some foods. It is also produced endogenously (in the presence of ultraviolet light), transported through the blood to the targets organs and this is the reason to consider vitamin D as a hormone. It is known that vitamin D has genomic and non-genomic effects. This review is focused mainly on the vitamin D receptors, the importance of vitamin D as a neuromodulator, the role of vitamin D in the pathophysiology of devastating neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson's disease and the benefit of vitamin D and its derivates in alleviating these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Máčová
- Department of Steroids and Proteofactors, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic
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Tahir H, Munir N, Iqbal SS, Bacha U, Amir S, Umar H, Riaz M, Tahir IM, Ali Shah SM, Shafiq A, Akram M. Maternal vitamin D status and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), an under diagnosed risk factor; A review. EUR J INFLAMM 2023. [DOI: 10.1177/1721727x231161013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is important to mediate several brain processes such as proliferation, apoptosis, and neurotransmission in early stages of life. Vitamin D deficiency during critical periods of development can lead to persistent brain alterations. Vitamin D homeostasis during pregnancy is affected by two factors which includes an increase in mother’s calcitriol levels and an increase in mother’s Vitamin D Binding protein concentrations. Attention deficient hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is an outcome of a complicated interaction between genetic, environmental, and developmental traits, and genetic factors cover about 80% of the cases. The efficiency of the immune system can be altered by a deficiency of Vitamin D in maternal body and maternal stress during gestation such as perinatal depression. Studies have proved that during gestation if there is a deficiency of vitamin D in maternal body, it can influence the brain development of the fetus and can also alter the synthesis of the brain-derived neurotropic factor. The current manuscript has been compiled to elaborate different factors which are associated with ADHD particularly focusing on the relationship of vitamin D deficiency in mothers. References material was selected from NCBI (PUBMED), Science direct, Google scholar, Publons etc. Using the terms ADHD, Vitamin D and Maternal nutritional status. Although, controversial relationship was found between the deficiency of Vitamin D level in pregnant women and development of ADHD in children but more controlled trials are required for future direction as well as to rule out other associated causes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafsa Tahir
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Munir
- Department of Biomedical Lab Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Syeda Saira Iqbal
- Knowledge Research and Support Services, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Umar Bacha
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Saira Amir
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hassaan Umar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, Sargodha Medical College, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Imtiaz Mahmood Tahir
- College of Allied Health Professional, Directorate of Medical Sciences, Government College University‐Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Syed Muhammad Ali Shah
- Department of Eastern Medicine, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Almina Shafiq
- Department of Biomedical Lab Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Akram
- Department of Eastern Medicine, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Rodgers MD, Mead MJ, McWhorter CA, Ebeling MD, Shary JR, Newton DA, Baatz JE, Gregoski MJ, Hollis BW, Wagner CL. Vitamin D and Child Neurodevelopment-A Post Hoc Analysis. Nutrients 2023; 15:4250. [PMID: 37836534 PMCID: PMC10574578 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vitamin D (VitD) has been shown to impact neurodevelopment. Studies have shown that higher 25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations (the indicator of vitD status) may be associated with better neurodevelopmental outcomes, although current data are conflicting. This study examined the relationship between total circulating 25(OH)D concentrations and neurodevelopmental outcomes in 3-5-year-old (3-5 yo) children. METHODS In this study, pregnant women were randomized to receive 400 (standard dose), 2000, or 4000 IU vitD3/day. Offspring then underwent the Brigance Screen at 3-5 yo. The 25(OH)D concentration was measured at birth and 3-5 yo. Relationships between Brigance scores and 25(OH)D and Brigance scores and vitamin D binding protein (VDBP) genotype were examined. RESULTS Higher 25(OH)D at the time of testing was associated with better overall performance on neurodevelopmental testing as measured by the Brigance quotient (B = 0.208, p = 0.049). Scores were then broken down into sub-scores. Children born to mothers in the 2000 IU/day group scored higher on the Brigance language component of the assessment versus the standard dose group (B = 4.667, p = 0.044). The group of children who had the Gc1f-1s or Gc1f-2 genotypes scored higher on the Brigance academic component (B = 9.993, p < 0.001) and lower on the Brigance language component versus the 1f1f genotype (B = -9.313, p < 0.001). Children with the Gc1s-1s, Gc1s-2, or Gc2-2 genotypes also scored lower than the Gc1f-1f genotype (B = -6.757, p = 0.003). CONCLUSION These results suggest that higher 25(OH)D concentrations early in life and higher doses of maternal vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy may have a positive association with neurodevelopmental outcomes. This study also suggests that the VDBP genotype is associated with neurodevelopment and differentially affects various fields of neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan D. Rodgers
- College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Molly J. Mead
- College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Caroline A. McWhorter
- College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Myla D. Ebeling
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Shawn Jenkins Children’s Hospital, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Judy R. Shary
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Shawn Jenkins Children’s Hospital, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Danforth A. Newton
- Darby Children’s Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - John E. Baatz
- Darby Children’s Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Mathew J. Gregoski
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Bruce W. Hollis
- Darby Children’s Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Carol L. Wagner
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Shawn Jenkins Children’s Hospital, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
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Melough MM, Li M, Hamra G, Palmore M, Sauder KA, Dunlop AL, LeWinn KZ, Zhao Q, Kelly RS, Switkowski KM, Hipwell AE, Korrick SA, Collett BR, MacKenzie D, Nozadi SS, Kerver JM, Schmidt RJ, McGrath M, Sathyanarayana S. Greater Gestational Vitamin D Status is Associated with Reduced Childhood Behavioral Problems in the Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes Program. J Nutr 2023; 153:1502-1511. [PMID: 37147034 PMCID: PMC10367223 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D deficiency is common in pregnancy. Vitamin D plays an important role in the developing brain, and deficiency may impair childhood behavioral development. OBJECTIVES This study examined the relationship between gestational 25(OH)D concentrations and childhood behavior in the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Program. METHODS Mother-child dyads from ECHO cohorts with data available on prenatal (first trimester through delivery) or cord blood 25(OH)D and childhood behavioral outcomes were included. Behavior was assessed using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire or the Child Behavior Checklist, and data were harmonized using a crosswalk conversion. Linear mixed-effects models examined associations of 25(OH)D with total, internalizing, and externalizing problem scores while adjusting for important confounders, including age, sex, and socioeconomic and lifestyle factors. The effect modification by maternal race was also assessed. RESULTS Early (1.5-5 y) and middle childhood (6-13 y) outcomes were examined in 1688 and 1480 dyads, respectively. Approximately 45% were vitamin D deficient [25(OH)D < 20 ng/mL], with Black women overrepresented in this group. In fully adjusted models, 25(OH)D concentrations in prenatal or cord blood were negatively associated with externalizing behavior T-scores in middle childhood [-0.73 (95% CI: -1.36, -0.10) per 10 ng/mL increase in gestational 25(OH)D]. We found no evidence of effect modification by race. In a sensitivity analysis restricted to those with 25(OH)D assessed in prenatal maternal samples, 25(OH)D was negatively associated with externalizing and total behavioral problems in early childhood. CONCLUSIONS This study confirmed a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in pregnancy, particularly among Black women, and revealed evidence of an association between lower gestational 25(OH)D and childhood behavioral problems. Associations were more apparent in analyses restricted to prenatal rather than cord blood samples. Interventions to correct vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy should be explored as a strategy to improve childhood behavioral outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa M Melough
- Department of Behavioral Health and Nutrition, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States.
| | - Mingyi Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Ghassan Hamra
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Meredith Palmore
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Katherine A Sauder
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Anne L Dunlop
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Kaja Z LeWinn
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Qi Zhao
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Rachel S Kelly
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Karen M Switkowski
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Alison E Hipwell
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Susan A Korrick
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Brent R Collett
- Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Debra MacKenzie
- Community Environmental Health Program, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Sara S Nozadi
- Health Sciences Center, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Jean M Kerver
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Rebecca J Schmidt
- Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Monica McGrath
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Sheela Sathyanarayana
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
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10
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Tirani SA, Balali A, Askari G, Saneei P. Maternal serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels and risk of autism spectrum and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorders in offspring: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. Psychiatry Res 2023; 319:114977. [PMID: 36470163 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shahnaz Amani Tirani
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Arghavan Balali
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Askari
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Parvane Saneei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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11
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Abstract
The ubiquity of vitamin D metabolising enzymes and vitamin D receptors in mammalian organisms suggests that vitamin D has pleiotropic effects. There are quite a few studies indicating the anticancer, cardioprotective and antidiabetic effects of vitamin D; however, the best-documented actions of vitamin D are the regulation of Ca-phosphate balance and its effect on immune function.Vitamin D levels in organisms are modulated by many environmental and non-environmental factors. One potential factor that may influence vitamin D levels and effects is the sex of the individuals studied. This review focuses on the scientific evidence indicating different synthesis and metabolism of vitamin D in females and males, mainly from PubMed database sources. The article verifies the sex differences in vitamin D levels reported around the world. Moreover, the different effects of vitamin D on the musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, nervous and immune systems, as well as cancer in males and females, were discussed.Most studies addressing sex differences in vitamin D levels and effects are observational studies with conflicting results. Therefore, carefully designed clinical trials and experiments on animal models should be carried out to determine the role of non-environmental factors that may differentiate vitamin D levels in females and males.
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12
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Gulec ES, Gur EB, Kurtulmus S, Basok BI, Ozmus DC, Iyilikci V, Demir A. Does Maternal Vitamin D Level Affect the Ovarian Reserve of Female Newborn Infants? Fetal Pediatr Pathol 2022; 41:987-995. [PMID: 35758227 DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2022.2092667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether maternal vitamin D levels affect cord blood Anti Müllerian Hormone (AMH) levels, reflecting ovarian reserve, in female offspring. METHODS Cord blood AMH from healthy pregnant women delivering term female infants were compared in groups with different maternal vitamin D levels. RESULTS Maternal age, weight gain during pregnancy, usage of vitamin D supplements, newborn birth weight, and 5th-min Apgar scores were significantly higher in the normal vitamin D level group (All p < 0.05). AMH levels were similar among all groups (p = 0.6). There was no significant correlation between newborn AMH and maternal vitamin D levels (rho = 0.006, p = 0.9). The stepwise regression analysis showed that the maternal age and birth weight had lower AMH levels, whereas the maternal vitamin D level did not. (p = 0.03, p = 0.04, p = 0.5, respectively). CONCLUSION Maternal vitamin D levels did not have a significant effect on AMH, a reflection of ovarian reserve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Sahin Gulec
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Health Sciences Tepecik Education and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Esra Bahar Gur
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Izmir Katip Celebi University School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Secil Kurtulmus
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Izmir Katip Celebi University School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Banu Isbilen Basok
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Health Sciences Tepecik Education and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Duygu Cebecik Ozmus
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Health Sciences Tepecik Education and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Veli Iyilikci
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Health Sciences Tepecik Education and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Demir
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Health Sciences Tepecik Education and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
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13
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Cui X, Eyles DW. Vitamin D and the Central Nervous System: Causative and Preventative Mechanisms in Brain Disorders. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14204353. [PMID: 36297037 PMCID: PMC9610817 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Twenty of the last one hundred years of vitamin D research have involved investigations of the brain as a target organ for this hormone. Our group was one of the first to investigate brain outcomes resulting from primarily restricting dietary vitamin D during brain development. With the advent of new molecular and neurochemical techniques in neuroscience, there has been increasing interest in the potential neuroprotective actions of vitamin D in response to a variety of adverse exposures and how this hormone could affect brain development and function. Rather than provide an exhaustive summary of this data and a listing of neurological or psychiatric conditions that vitamin D deficiency has been associated with, here, we provide an update on the actions of this vitamin in the brain and cellular processes vitamin D may be targeting in psychiatry and neurology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Cui
- Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, The Park Centre for Mental Health, Wacol Q4076, Australia
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St Lucia Q4076, Australia
| | - Darryl W. Eyles
- Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, The Park Centre for Mental Health, Wacol Q4076, Australia
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St Lucia Q4076, Australia
- Correspondence:
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14
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Gregorio T, Lorenzon F, Niebisch F, Stolte RCK, Rafacho A, Dos Santos GJ, Lino de Oliveira C, Lima FB. Antidepressant-like activity of gestational administration of vitamin D is suppressed by prenatal overexposure to dexamethasone in female Wistar rats. Physiol Behav 2022; 249:113765. [PMID: 35227701 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2022.113765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Overexposure to glucocorticoids during gestation can lead to long-term mental disorders. Given the higher prevalence of depression in females, we investigated whether late gestational administration of dexamethasone could generate a depressive-like phenotype in the adult female offspring and if vitamin D could have a neuroprotective effect in this context. Pregnant rats received vitamin D (VitD, 500 IU/day) or vehicle (CTL) during gestation. Other pregnant rats received dexamethasone (Dex 0.1 mg/kg/ - 14th to the 19th gestational day) or dexamethasone + vitamin D (DexVitD). The offspring were tested for anhedonia (sucrose preference) and depressive-like behavior (forced swimming test) at postnatal months (PNM) 3, 6 and 12. Components of the serotonergic system, as well as glucocorticoids' receptors, were evaluated in the dorsal raphe nucleus at PNM 6 and 12. Prenatal vitamin D and dexamethasone increased sucrose preference at PNM 12. Prenatal vitamin D had an antidepressant-like effect at PNM 3 in rats overexposed to dexamethasone. However, at PNM 12, this effect was blunted in the DexVitD group. Prenatal dexamethasone reduced the protein content of SERT, TPH, and 5-HT1A receptors in the dorsal raphe nucleus at 6 but not at 12 PNM. The glucocorticoids' receptors expression was similar in all groups. We concluded that prenatal overexposure to dexamethasone does not change emotional behaviors in females, but it blunts the antidepressant-like effect of gestational vitamin D in an age-dependent manner. The antidepressant-like activity of vitamin D in the offspring was not related either to alterations of the serotonergic system or the glucocorticoids' receptors expression in the dorsal raphe nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamires Gregorio
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, Campus, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Flaviano Lorenzon
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, Campus, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Niebisch
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Carla Kachel Stolte
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Alex Rafacho
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, Campus, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Jorge Dos Santos
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, Campus, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Cilene Lino de Oliveira
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Barbosa Lima
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, Campus, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
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15
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Nema J, Randhir K, Wadhwani N, Sundrani D, Joshi S. Maternal vitamin D deficiency reduces docosahexaenoic acid, placental growth factor and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma levels in the pup brain in a rat model of preeclampsia. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2021; 175:102364. [PMID: 34768025 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2021.102364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preeclampsia is a pregnancy disorder characterized with abnormal placental angiogenesis. Vitamin D and long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) play a crucial role in pregnancy and are required for normal placental and fetal growth and development. This study reports the effect of maternal vitamin D on LCPUFA levels in the mother and offspring brain fatty acid levels and angiogenic markers in a rat model of preeclampsia. METHODS Female rats were divided into four groups from pre-pregnancy to pregnancy, viz Control; Preeclampsia (PE); Vitamin D deficient with PE (VDD-PE) and Vitamin D supplemented with PE (VDS-PE). Preeclampsia was induced by administering l-nitroarginine methyl ester (L-NAME) at the dose of 50 mg/kg body weight/day from day 14 to day 19 of gestation. Dams were sacrificed at d20 of gestation to collect dam blood, placenta and pup brain. LCPUFA levels from dam plasma, erythrocytes and placenta and its transcription factor peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPAR-g) from placenta were estimated. Pup brain LCPUFA levels, angiogenic factors vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and placental growth factor (PlGF) and transcription factor hypoxia inducible factor (Hif-1α) and PPAR-g were also estimated. RESULTS Maternal vitamin D status influences fatty acid levels. Placental PPAR-g levels were lower in the VDD-PE group as compared to the VDS-PE groups (p < 0.01). In the offspring brain, both PE and VDD-PE group showed lower levels of DHA (p < 0.05 for both) while saturated fatty acids (SFA) levels in the VDD-PE group were higher as compared to the control group (p < 0.05). VDD-PE group also showed lower levels of PlGF and PPAR-g (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively) in the pup brain while vitamin D supplementation demonstrated levels similar to control. CONCLUSION This study for the first time demonstrates that maternal vitamin D status influences LCPUFA metabolism and angiogenesis in the offspring brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhi Nema
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, India
| | - Karuna Randhir
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, India
| | - Nisha Wadhwani
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, India
| | - Deepali Sundrani
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, India
| | - Sadhana Joshi
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, India.
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16
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Gáll Z, Székely O. Role of Vitamin D in Cognitive Dysfunction: New Molecular Concepts and Discrepancies between Animal and Human Findings. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13113672. [PMID: 34835929 PMCID: PMC8620681 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW increasing evidence suggests that besides the several metabolic, endocrine, and immune functions of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D), the neuronal effects of 1,25(OH)2D should also be considered an essential contributor to the development of cognition in the early years and its maintenance in aging. The developmental disabilities induced by vitamin D deficiency (VDD) include neurological disorders (e.g., attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, schizophrenia) characterized by cognitive dysfunction. On the other hand, VDD has frequently been associated with dementia of aging and neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., Alzheimer's, Parkinson's disease). RECENT FINDINGS various cells (i.e., neurons, astrocytes, and microglia) within the central nervous system (CNS) express vitamin D receptors (VDR). Moreover, some of them are capable of synthesizing and catabolizing 1,25(OH)2D via 25-hydroxyvitamin D 1alpha-hydroxylase (CYP27B1) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D 24-hydroxylase (CYP24A1) enzymes, respectively. Both 1,25(OH)2D and 25-hydroxyvitamin D were determined from different areas of the brain and their uneven distribution suggests that vitamin D signaling might have a paracrine or autocrine nature in the CNS. Although both cholecalciferol and 25-hydroxyvitamin D pass the blood-brain barrier, the influence of supplementation has not yet demonstrated to have a direct impact on neuronal functions. So, this review summarizes the existing evidence for the action of vitamin D on cognitive function in animal models and humans and discusses the possible pitfalls of therapeutic clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Gáll
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540142 Târgu Mureș, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - Orsolya Székely
- Department of Nephrology/Internal Medicine, Mures County Clinical Hospital, 540103 Târgu Mureș, Romania;
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17
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Knuth MM, Stutts WL, Ritter MM, Garrard KP, Kullman SW. Vitamin D deficiency promotes accumulation of bioactive lipids and increased endocannabinoid tone in zebrafish. J Lipid Res 2021; 62:100142. [PMID: 34673019 PMCID: PMC8604674 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2021.100142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is well known for its traditional role in bone mineral homeostasis; however, recent evidence suggests that vitamin D also plays a significant role in metabolic control. This study served to investigate putative linkages between vitamin D deficiency (VDD) and metabolic disruption of bioactive lipids by MS imaging. Our approach employed infrared-matrix-assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization MS imaging for lipid metabolite profiling in 6-month-old zebrafish fed either a VDD or a vitamin D-sufficient (VDS) diet. Using a lipidomics pipeline, we found that VDD zebrafish had a greater abundance of bioactive lipids (N-acyls, endocannabinoids [ECs], diacylglycerols/triacylglycerols, bile acids/bile alcohols, and vitamin D derivatives) suggestive of increased EC tone compared with VDS zebrafish. Tandem MS was performed on several differentially expressed metabolites with sufficient ion abundances to aid in structural elucidation and provide additional support for MS annotations. To confirm activation of the EC pathways, we subsequently examined expression of genes involved in EC biosynthesis, metabolism, and receptor signaling in adipose tissue and liver from VDD and VDS zebrafish. Gene expression changes were congruent with increased EC tone, with VDD zebrafish demonstrating increased synthesis and metabolism of anandamide compared with VDS zebrafish. Taken together, our data suggest that VDD may promote accumulation of bioactive lipids and increased EC tone in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan M Knuth
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA; Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA; Toxicology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA.
| | - Whitney L Stutts
- Molecular Education, Technology and Research Innovation Center (METRIC), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
| | - Morgan M Ritter
- Toxicology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
| | - Kenneth P Garrard
- Molecular Education, Technology and Research Innovation Center (METRIC), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA; FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research and Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA; Precision Engineering Consortium, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Seth W Kullman
- Toxicology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA; Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
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18
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Francis EC, Charron E, Li M, Chen L, Mayo R, Butler LS, Rennert L. Third trimester maternal vitamin D and early childhood socioemotional development. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 2021; 35:350-358. [PMID: 33295049 DOI: 10.1111/ppe.12736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whether maternal vitamin D affects offspring socioemotional development in early childhood has been underexplored. OBJECTIVES This study examined associations between maternal vitamin D during in the 3rd trimester and offspring socioemotional development between 30 and 59 months. METHODS Data from 87 maternal-offspring pairs enrolled in the National Children's Study were used. Total plasma maternal vitamin D (25-hydroxyergocalciferol + 25-hydroxycholecalciferol) was measured between 28 and 35 gestational weeks and categorised as quartiles (Q). Multivariable regression models, adjusting for maternal race/ethnicity, education, and prepregnancy body mass index (BMI [kg/m2 ]), were used to estimate the association between vitamin D and offspring scores on the Brief Infant-Toddler Social and Emotional Assessment (BITSEA). RESULTS The mean (standard deviation) vitamin D concentration was 86.5 (27.8) nmol/L. The median (range) BITSEA problem score was 6.0 (0.0-30.0), and competence score was 19.0 (7.0-22.0). Maternal vitamin D was inversely related to offspring problem scores. Compared to offspring of women with 25(OH)D in Q1, offspring problem scores were -4.80 (95% confidence interval [CI] -8.29, -1.33) units lower for Q2 vs Q1, -5.64 (95% CI -9.60, -1.68) units lower for Q3 vs Q1, and -4.70 (95% CI -8.59, -0.82) units lower for Q4 vs Q1. Vitamin D was not associated with offspring competence score. CONCLUSIONS Higher maternal vitamin D was associated with lower offspring behaviour problems and not associated with socioemotional competence. These data indicate the association of maternal vitamin D and offspring development may be dependent on the specific developmental component being investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen C Francis
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA.,Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Elizabeth Charron
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Mengying Li
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Liwei Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rachel Mayo
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Linda S Butler
- Psychiatry Department, Maine Medical Center, Portland, ME, USA
| | - Lior Rennert
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
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19
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Hemamy M, Pahlavani N, Amanollahi A, Islam SMS, McVicar J, Askari G, Malekahmadi M. The effect of vitamin D and magnesium supplementation on the mental health status of attention-deficit hyperactive children: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Pediatr 2021; 21:178. [PMID: 33865361 PMCID: PMC8052751 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-021-02631-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Attention-Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder, characterized by varying severity in attention deficit and hyperactivity. Studies have shown deficiencies in the serum level of magnesium and vitamin D in people with ADHD. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of vitamin D and magnesium supplementation on mental health in children with ADHD. METHODS We conducted a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial of 66 children with ADHD. Participants were randomly allocated to receive both vitamin D (50,000 IU/week) plus magnesium (6 mg/kg/day) supplements (n = 33) or placebos (n = 33) for 8-weeks. Strengths and difficulties questionnaire was used to evaluate children's mental health at baseline and the end of the study. RESULTS After eight weeks of intervention, the serum levels of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D3 and magnesium increased significantly in the intervention group compared with the control group. Also, children receiving vitamin D plus magnesium showed a significant reduction in emotional problems (p = 0.001), conduct problems (p = 0.002), peer problems (p = 0.001), prosocial score (p = 0.007), total difficulties (p = 0.001), externalizing score (p = 0.001), and internalizing score (p = 0.001) compared with children treated with the placebo. CONCLUSION Vitamin D (50,000 IU/week) and magnesium (6 mg/kg/day) co-supplementation for a duration of 8-weeks could improve the behavioral function and mental health of children with ADHD. However, further well-designed studies with a larger sample size are needed. TRIAL REGISTRATION IRCT2016030326886N1 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Hemamy
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Naseh Pahlavani
- Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Alireza Amanollahi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sheikh Mohammed Shriful Islam
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jenna McVicar
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Gholamreza Askari
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Mahsa Malekahmadi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. .,Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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20
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Abstract
Many epidemiological studies have highlighted the link between vitamin D deficiency and schizophrenia. In particular, two prominent studies report an association between neonatal vitamin D deficiency and an increased risk of schizophrenia. In parallel, much has been learnt about the role of vitamin D in the developing central nervous system over the last two decades. Studies in rodent models of developmental vitamin D (DVD)-deficiency describe how brain development is altered leading to a range of neurobiological and behavioral phenotypes of interest to schizophrenia. While glutamate and gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) systems have been little investigated in these models, alterations in developing dopamine systems are frequently reported. There have been far more studies reporting patients with schizophrenia have an increased risk of vitamin D deficiency compared to well controls. Here we have conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis that basically confirms this association and extends this to first-episode psychosis. However, patients with schizophrenia also have poorer general health, poorer diets, are frequently less active and also have an increased risk of other medical conditions, all factors which reduce circulating vitamin D levels. Therefore, we would urge caution in any causal interpretation of this association. We also summarize the inconsistent results from existing vitamin D supplementation trials in patients with schizophrenia. In respect to animal models of adult vitamin D deficiency, such exposures produce subtle neurochemical alterations and effects on cognition but do not appear to produce behavioral phenotypes of relevance to schizophrenia. We conclude, the hypothesis that vitamin D deficiency during early life may increase the risk of schizophrenia remains plausible and warrants ongoing research.
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21
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Associations of vitamin D deficiency with MRI markers of brain health in a community sample. Clin Nutr 2021; 40:72-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2020.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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22
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Lisi G, Ribolsi M, Siracusano A, Niolu C. Maternal Vitamin D and its Role in Determining Fetal Origins of Mental Health. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:2497-2509. [PMID: 32370709 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200506093858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
There is evidence that mental health disorders may have roots in fetal life and are associated with deficiencies in various micronutrients, including vitamin D. During pregnancy, vitamin D balance is influenced by an increase in maternal calcitriol and a substantial increase in maternal Vitamin D Binding Protein concentrations. In the early stages of life, vitamin D is necessary to mediate numerous brain processes such as proliferation, apoptosis, and neurotransmission. Furthermore, Vitamin D has a recognized anti-inflammatory activity that normally suppresses inflammation. Increased activation of hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) and inflammation during gestation may influence maternal health and fetal neurodevelopment during and beyond pregnancy. A deficit of Vitamin D and maternal stressful events during gestation, such as perinatal depression, could influence the efficacy of the immune system altering its activity. Vitamin D deficiency during gestation associated with a reduction in fetal brain development has been widely described and correlated with alteration in the production of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor. To this regard, many studies highlights that low maternal vitamin D dosage during gestation has been related to a significantly greater risk to develop schizophrenia and other severe mental illnesses in later life. The objective of this paper is a comprehensive overview of maternal vitamin D balance in determining the fetal origins of mental health with some references to the link between vitamin D levels, inflammatory responses to stress and mental disorders in adult life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Lisi
- Chair of Psychiatry, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,Department of Mental Health, ASL ROMA 1, Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Ribolsi
- Chair of Psychiatry, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,Policlinico Tor Vergata Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Siracusano
- Chair of Psychiatry, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,Policlinico Tor Vergata Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Cinzia Niolu
- Chair of Psychiatry, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,Policlinico Tor Vergata Foundation, Rome, Italy
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23
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Melough MM, Murphy LE, Graff JC, Derefinko KJ, LeWinn KZ, Bush NR, Enquobahrie DA, Loftus CT, Kocak M, Sathyanarayana S, Tylavsky FA. Maternal Plasma 25-Hydroxyvitamin D during Gestation Is Positively Associated with Neurocognitive Development in Offspring at Age 4-6 Years. J Nutr 2020; 151:132-139. [PMID: 33136167 PMCID: PMC7779214 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxaa309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D is critical to embryonic neuronal differentiation and other developmental processes that may affect future neurocognitive function. However, observational studies have found inconsistent associations between gestational vitamin D and neurocognitive outcomes. OBJECTIVES We examined the association of gestational 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] with children's IQ at 4-6 y, and explored whether associations differed by race. METHODS This study used data from the CANDLE (Conditions Affecting Neurocognitive Development and Learning in Early Childhood) cohort. Between 2006 and 2011, CANDLE recruited 1503 women in their second trimester of healthy singleton pregnancies. Inclusion criteria for this analysis were gestation of ≥34 wk and availability of 25(OH)D and IQ data. Associations between second-trimester 25(OH)D plasma concentration and Stanford-Binet IQ scores in offspring at 4-6 y were examined using multivariable linear regression; interaction terms were used to explore possible effect modification by race. RESULTS Mean ± SD 25(OH)D concentration among 1019 eligible dyads was 21.6 ± 8.4 ng/mL, measured at a mean ± SD gestational age of 23.0 ± 3.0 wk. Vitamin D deficiency [25(OH)D < 20 ng/mL] was observed in 45.6%. Maternal 25(OH)D differed by race with a mean ± SD of 19.8 ± 7.2 ng/mL in Blacks sand 25.9 ± 9.3 ng/mL in Whites ( P < 0.001). In adjusted models a 10-ng/mL increase in 25(OH)D was associated with a 1.17-point higher Full Scale IQ (95% CI: 0.27, 2.06 points), a 1.17-point higher Verbal IQ (95% CI: 0.19, 2.15 points), and a 1.03-point higher Nonverbal IQ (95% CI: 0.10, 1.95 points). We observed no evidence of effect modification by race. CONCLUSIONS Second-trimester maternal 25(OH)D was positively associated with IQ at 4-6 y, suggesting that gestational vitamin D status may be an important predictor of neurocognitive development. These findings may help inform prenatal nutrition recommendations and may be especially relevant for Black and other dark-skinned women at high risk of vitamin D deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura E Murphy
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA,Boling Center for Developmental Disabilities, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - J Carolyn Graff
- Boling Center for Developmental Disabilities, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA,College of Nursing, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Karen J Derefinko
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Kaja Z LeWinn
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Nicole R Bush
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Daniel A Enquobahrie
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Christine T Loftus
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Mehmet Kocak
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Sheela Sathyanarayana
- Department of Child Health, Behavior, and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA,Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA,Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Frances A Tylavsky
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
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24
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Abstract
It has been 20 years since we first proposed vitamin D as a "possible" neurosteroid.( 1 ) Our work over the last two decades, particularly results from our cellular and animal models, has confirmed the numerous ways in which vitamin D differentiates the developing brain. As a result, vitamin D can now confidently take its place among all other steroids known to regulate brain development.( 2 ) Others have concentrated on the possible neuroprotective functions of vitamin D in adult brains. Here these data are integrated, and possible mechanisms outlined for the various roles vitamin D appears to play in both developing and mature brains and how such actions shape behavior. There is now also good evidence linking gestational and/or neonatal vitamin D deficiency with an increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders, such as schizophrenia and autism, and adult vitamin D deficiency with certain degenerative conditions. In this mini-review, the focus is on what we have learned over these past 20 years regarding the genomic and nongenomic actions of vitamin D in shaping brain development, neurophysiology, and behavior in animal models. © 2020 The Author. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darryl Walter Eyles
- Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research The Park Centre for Mental Health Wacol Australia.,Queensland Brain Institute University of Queensland St. Lucia Queensland Australia
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25
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Chen YH, Liu ZB, Ma L, Zhang ZC, Fu L, Yu Z, Chen W, Song YP, Wang P, Wang H, Xu DX. Gestational vitamin D deficiency causes placental insufficiency and fetal intrauterine growth restriction partially through inducing placental inflammation. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2020; 203:105733. [PMID: 32784046 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2020.105733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Several epidemiological studies suggest an association between vitamin D deficiency (VDD) and fetal intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Here, we explored the mechanism through which VDD induced fetal IUGR. Pregnant mice were fed with VDD diet to establish VDD model. Cyp27b1+/- mice were generated to develop a model of active vitamin D3 deficiency. Cyp27b1+/- mice were injected with either 1α,25(OH)2D3 or vehicle once a day throughout pregnancy. As expected, fetal weight and crown-rump length were reduced in VDD diet-fed mice. Correspondingly, fetal weight and crown-rump length were lower in cyp27b1+/- mice. 1α,25(OH)2D3 elevated fetal weight and crown-rump length, and protected cyp27b1+/- mice from fetal IUGR. Further analysis found that placental proliferation was inhibited and placental weight was decreased in VDD diet-fed mice. Several growth factors and nutrient transfer pumps were downregulated in the placentas of VDD diet-fed mice. Mechanistically, several inflammatory cytokines were upregulated and placental NF-κB was activated not only in VDD diet-fed mice but also in VDD pregnant women. Interestingly, 1α,25(OH)2D3 inhibited the downregulated of placental nutrient transfer pumps and the upregulated of placental inflammatory cytokines in Cyp27b1+/- mice. These results provide experimental evidence that gestational VDD causes placental insufficiency and fetal IUGR may be through inducing placental inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Hua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Department of Histology and Embryology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Zhi Bing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Li Ma
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Zhi Cheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Lin Fu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Zhen Yu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Ya Ping Song
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - De Xiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
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26
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Knuth MM, Mahapatra D, Jima D, Wan D, Hammock BD, Law M, Kullman SW. Vitamin D deficiency serves as a precursor to stunted growth and central adiposity in zebrafish. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16032. [PMID: 32994480 PMCID: PMC7524799 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72622-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence demonstrates the importance of sufficient vitamin D (1α, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3) levels during early life stage development with deficiencies associated with long-term effects into adulthood. While vitamin D has traditionally been associated with mineral ion homeostasis, accumulating evidence suggests non-calcemic roles for vitamin D including metabolic homeostasis. In this study, we examined the hypothesis that vitamin D deficiency (VDD) during early life stage development precedes metabolic disruption. Three dietary cohorts of zebrafish were placed on engineered diets including a standard laboratory control diet, a vitamin D null diet, and a vitamin D enriched diet. Zebrafish grown on a vitamin D null diet between 2-12 months post fertilization (mpf) exhibited diminished somatic growth and enhanced central adiposity associated with accumulation and enlargement of visceral and subcutaneous adipose depots indicative of both adipocyte hypertrophy and hyperplasia. VDD zebrafish exhibited elevated hepatic triglycerides, attenuated plasma free fatty acids and attenuated lipoprotein lipase activity consistent with hallmarks of dyslipidemia. VDD induced dysregulation of gene networks associated with growth hormone and insulin signaling, including induction of suppressor of cytokine signaling. These findings indicate that early developmental VDD impacts metabolic health by disrupting the balance between somatic growth and adipose accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan M Knuth
- Toxicology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 7633, Raleigh, NC, 27695-7633, USA.
| | - Debabrata Mahapatra
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27606, USA
| | - Dereje Jima
- Bioinformatics Research Center, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27606, USA
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27606, USA
| | - Debin Wan
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Mac Law
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27606, USA
| | - Seth W Kullman
- Toxicology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 7633, Raleigh, NC, 27695-7633, USA.
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27606, USA.
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27
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Seipelt EM, Tourniaire F, Couturier C, Astier J, Loriod B, Vachon H, Pucéat M, Mounien L, Landrier JF. Prenatal maternal vitamin D deficiency sex-dependently programs adipose tissue metabolism and energy homeostasis in offspring. FASEB J 2020; 34:14905-14919. [PMID: 32924159 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902924rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In utero environment is crucial to ensure normal development of the fetus and to program metabolic health throughout the life. Beside macronutrients, the role of micronutrients, including vitamin D, begins to be explore. The aim of this study was to decipher the impact of maternal vitamin D deficiency (VDD), in normal and high-fat (HF) diet context, on adipose tissue metabolism and energy homeostasis in offspring, considering sex-specific responses. Body weight, energy expenditure, and spontaneous activity was differential impacted in juvenile male and female offspring born from VDD mice. In adulthood, a HF diet combined with maternal VDD disrupted glucose homeostasis and adiposity in male offspring but not in females. Such phenotypes were associated to different transcriptomic profiles in adipose tissue, which could be related to differential modulation of plasma 17β-estradiol concentrations. Thus, maternal VDD sex-dependently modulated metabolic fate of the offspring, especially when associated with HF diet in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva M Seipelt
- Aix-Marseille Université, C2VN, INRAE, INSERM, Marseille, France.,Aix-Marseille Université, MMG, INSERM U1251, Marseille, France
| | - Franck Tourniaire
- Aix-Marseille Université, C2VN, INRAE, INSERM, Marseille, France.,CriBioM, Criblage Biologique Marseille, Faculté de médecine de la Timone, Marseille, France
| | | | - Julien Astier
- Aix-Marseille Université, C2VN, INRAE, INSERM, Marseille, France
| | - Béatrice Loriod
- Aix-Marseille Université, TGML, TAGC, INSERM, Marseille, France
| | - Hortense Vachon
- Aix-Marseille Université, TGML, TAGC, INSERM, Marseille, France
| | - Michel Pucéat
- Aix-Marseille Université, MMG, INSERM U1251, Marseille, France
| | - Lourdes Mounien
- Aix-Marseille Université, C2VN, INRAE, INSERM, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-François Landrier
- Aix-Marseille Université, C2VN, INRAE, INSERM, Marseille, France.,CriBioM, Criblage Biologique Marseille, Faculté de médecine de la Timone, Marseille, France
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28
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Mutua AM, Mogire RM, Elliott AM, Williams TN, Webb EL, Abubakar A, Atkinson SH. Effects of vitamin D deficiency on neurobehavioural outcomes in children: a systematic review. Wellcome Open Res 2020; 5:28. [PMID: 32399499 PMCID: PMC7194460 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15730.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Vitamin D plays an important role in brain development in experimental studies; however, the effect of vitamin D deficiency on child development remains inadequately characterized. We aimed to estimate the effects of vitamin D deficiency on neurobehavioural outcomes in children up to 18 years of age. Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Open Grey for published studies up to 10th January 2020. We included all studies that assessed the effects of maternal or child vitamin D status or vitamin D supplementation on neurobehavioural outcomes in children. Study findings were synthesized qualitatively as the high level of heterogeneity in study populations and methodologies precluded a quantitative meta-analysis. Results: Our search identified 5,633 studies, of which 31 studies with 31,375 participants from 18 countries were included in the systematic review. Of the studies identified, one was a randomised controlled trial (RCT) of vitamin D supplementation in children, while 30 were observational. The RCT (n=55) reported a beneficial effect of supplementation with lower doses compared to higher doses of vitamin D on motor development. Twelve mother-child studies (n=17,136) and five studies in children (n=1,091) reported an association between low maternal or child 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and impaired neurobehavioural outcomes in children, while 15 mother-child studies (n=20,778) and eight studies in children (n=7,496) reported no association. Conclusions: Although animal studies point to an effect of vitamin D deficiency on brain development, there are few studies on the effects of vitamin D deficiency on neurobehavioural outcomes in children and their findings are inconsistent. There is a need for well-conducted, adequately powered studies to further determine these effects in children. Registration: PROSPERO ID CRD42018087619; registered on 15 February 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes M. Mutua
- KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, 80108, Kenya
- Department of Public Health, School of Human and Health Sciences, Pwani University, Kilifi, 80108, Kenya
| | - Reagan M. Mogire
- KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, 80108, Kenya
- Open University, KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme - Accredited Research Centre, Kilifi, 80108, Kenya
| | - Alison M. Elliott
- Medical Research Council / Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
- Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Thomas N. Williams
- KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, 80108, Kenya
- Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W21N, UK
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Emily L. Webb
- MRC Tropical Epidemiology Group, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Amina Abubakar
- KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, 80108, Kenya
- Department of Public Health, School of Human and Health Sciences, Pwani University, Kilifi, 80108, Kenya
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7JX, UK
- Institute for Human Development, Aga Khan University, Nairobi, 00100, Kenya
| | - Sarah H. Atkinson
- KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, 80108, Kenya
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
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29
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Mutua AM, Nampijja M, Elliott AM, Pettifor JM, Williams TN, Abubakar A, Webb EL, Atkinson SH. Vitamin D Status Is Not Associated with Cognitive or Motor Function in Pre-School Ugandan Children. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12061662. [PMID: 32503251 PMCID: PMC7352320 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is common worldwide and young children are among the most affected groups. Animal studies suggest a key role for vitamin D in brain development. However, studies investigating the effects of vitamin D on neurobehavioural outcomes in children are inconclusive and evidence is limited in sub-Saharan Africa. We evaluated the effect of vitamin D status on cognitive and motor outcomes using prospective data from the Entebbe Mother and Baby Study birth cohort. We analysed data from 302 Ugandan children with 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) measurements below five years and developmental measures at five years of age. We used multivariable linear regression, adjusted for potential confounders, to estimate the effect of 25(OH)D on cognitive and motor outcomes. Of 302 children, eight (2.7%) had 25(OH)D levels <50 nmol/L, 105 (35.8%) had levels 50-75 nmol/L and 189 (62.6%) had levels >75 nmol/L. There was no evidence that earlier vitamin D status was associated with cognitive and motor outcomes in five-year-old Ugandan children. This study adds to the sparse literature and highlights the need for further longitudinal studies on vitamin D and neurobehavioural outcomes in children living in sub-Saharan Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes M. Mutua
- Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Centre for Geographic Medicine Research-Coast, KEMRI Wellcome Trust Research Programme, P.O. BOX 230-80108 Kilifi, Kenya; (T.N.W.); (A.A.)
- Correspondence: (A.M.M.); (S.H.A.); Tel.: +254-709983677/76 (A.M.M.)
| | - Margaret Nampijja
- Maternal and Child Wellbeing (MCW) Unit, African Population and Health Research Center, P.O. Box 10787-00100 Nairobi, Kenya;
- Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Uganda Research Unit, P.O. Box 49, Entebbe, Uganda;
| | - Alison M. Elliott
- Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Uganda Research Unit, P.O. Box 49, Entebbe, Uganda;
- Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - John M. Pettifor
- South African Medical Research Council and Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, University of the Witwatersrand, 26 Chris Hani Road, Soweto 6201, Johannesburg, South Africa;
| | - Thomas N. Williams
- Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Centre for Geographic Medicine Research-Coast, KEMRI Wellcome Trust Research Programme, P.O. BOX 230-80108 Kilifi, Kenya; (T.N.W.); (A.A.)
- Department of Medicine, Imperial College of Science Technology and Medicine, St Mary’s Hospital, London W2 1NY, UK
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Amina Abubakar
- Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Centre for Geographic Medicine Research-Coast, KEMRI Wellcome Trust Research Programme, P.O. BOX 230-80108 Kilifi, Kenya; (T.N.W.); (A.A.)
- Department of Public Health, School of Human and Health Sciences, Pwani University, P.O. BOX 195-80108 Kilifi, Kenya
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7JX, UK
- Institute for Human Development, Aga Khan University, 2nd Parklands Avenue, P.O. BOX 30270-00100 Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Emily L. Webb
- MRC Tropical Epidemiology Group, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK;
| | - Sarah H. Atkinson
- Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Centre for Geographic Medicine Research-Coast, KEMRI Wellcome Trust Research Programme, P.O. BOX 230-80108 Kilifi, Kenya; (T.N.W.); (A.A.)
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Correspondence: (A.M.M.); (S.H.A.); Tel.: +254-709983677/76 (A.M.M.)
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30
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Li Y, Freedman R. Prospects for improving future mental health of children through prenatal maternal micronutrient supplementation in China. Pediatr Investig 2020; 4:118-126. [PMID: 32851355 PMCID: PMC7331361 DOI: 10.1002/ped4.12199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Prenatal micronutrients in pregnant women's diets, including supplements, have an essential role in fetal brain development and may reduce the risk of mental disorders in offspring. Folic acid, vitamin D, omega-3 fatty acids, and choline have been investigated for this purpose. Folic acid supplementation throughout pregnancy has well-established positive effects. Vitamin D, administered to the mother before birth or to the newborn, has also been shown to reduce the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders. Omega-3 fatty acids during pregnancy have a more uncertain role, with recent trials questioning a beneficial effect on cognition and attention deficit disorder, despite positive effects on prematurity and neonatal wheezing prevention. Choline supplementation is associated with positive effects on cognition and behavior, including early behaviors associated with the development of autism and schizophrenia. There is no experience yet with COVID-19, but adverse effects on fetal brain development of most common coronaviruses are mitigated by higher choline levels. Maternal dietary supplementation of nutrients is a benign and inexpensive intervention in pregnancy to prevent life-long disability from mental illness. Use of dietary supplements in poorer, rural areas of China is below recommendations. Physicians, midwives, and public health officials in China can promote prenatal nutrient supplementation to reduce the future burden of mental illnesses that might be prevented before birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Department of PsychiatryBeijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children’s HealthBeijingChina
| | - Robert Freedman
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraCOUSA
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31
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Guerini FR, Bolognesi E, Chiappedi M, Mensi MM, Fumagalli O, Rogantini C, Zanzottera M, Ghezzo A, Zanette M, Agliardi C, Costa AS, Sotgiu S, Carta A, Al Daghri N, Clerici M. Vitamin D Receptor Polymorphisms Associated with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Autism Res 2020; 13:680-690. [PMID: 32083397 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D is endowed with a number of biological properties, including down-regulation of inflammation, and might contribute to the pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Vitamin D binds to the vitamin D Receptor (VDR); the biological activity of the ensuing complex depends on VDR FokI, BsmI, ApaI, and TaqI gene polymorphisms. We evaluated such Single Nucletoide Polymorphismsm (SNPs) in a cohort of 100 Italian families with ASD children. FokI genotype distribution was skewed in ASD children compared with their healthy sibs (Pc = 0.03 2 df) and to a group of 170 Italian healthy women (HC) (Pc = 0.04 2 df). FokI genotype and allelic distribution skewing were also observed in mothers of ASD children compared to HC (Pc = 0.04 2 df). Both Transmission Disequilibrium Test for single loci and haplotype analysis distribution revealed a major FokI (C) allele-mediated protective effect, which was more frequently transmitted (73%) than not transmitted to healthy sibs (P = 0.02). A protective FokI-, BsmI-, ApaI-, and TaqI (CCAG) haplotype was more frequently carried by healthy sibs than by ASD children (P = 1 × 10-4 ; OR: 0.1, 95% CI: 0.03-0.4) too. Finally, a strong gene-dose association of FokI (T) allele with both higher Childhood Autism Rating Scale score (Pc = 0.01) and, particularly, with hyperactivity behavior (Pc = 0.006) emerged in ASD children. Because the protein produced by the FokI (T) allele is transcriptionally less active than that produced by the FokI (C) allele, the reduced biological activity of the vitamin D/VDR complex prevalent in ASD could favor ASD- and maternal immune activation- associated inflammation. Vitamin D supplementation might be useful in preventative and rehabilitation protocols for ASD. Autism Res 2020, 13: 680-690. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Vitamin D deficiency and Vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms are associated with structural and functional brain abnormalities and behavioral disorders. We analyzed the association of VDR gene polymorphisms in a cohort of 100 Italian families with ASD children. A strong correlation between one of the VDR polymorphisms and hyperactivity behavior was evidenced in ASD children. In healthy mothers, the same VDR polymorphism was also correlated with an increased risk of giving birth to children with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Matteo Chiappedi
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | | | | | - Chiara Rogantini
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Ghezzo
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Stefano Sotgiu
- Section of Child Neuropsychiatry, Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Alessandra Carta
- Section of Child Neuropsychiatry, Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.,Child Psychiatry Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Nasser Al Daghri
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mario Clerici
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milan, Italy.,Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
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Mutua AM, Mogire RM, Elliott AM, Williams TN, Webb EL, Abubakar A, Atkinson SH. Effects of vitamin D deficiency on neurobehavioural outcomes in children: a systematic review. Wellcome Open Res 2020; 5:28. [PMID: 32399499 PMCID: PMC7194460 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15730.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Vitamin D plays an important role in brain development in experimental studies; however, the effect of vitamin D deficiency on child development remains inadequately characterized. We aimed to estimate the effects of vitamin D deficiency on neurobehavioural outcomes in children up to 18 years of age. Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Open Grey for published studies up to 10th January 2020. We included all studies that assessed the effects of maternal or child vitamin D status or vitamin D supplementation on neurobehavioural outcomes in children. Study findings were synthesized qualitatively as the high level of heterogeneity in study populations and methodologies precluded a quantitative meta-analysis. Results: Our search identified 5,633 studies, of which 32 studies with 31,445 participants from 18 countries were included in the systematic review. Of the studies identified, two were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of vitamin D supplementation in children, while 30 were observational. One RCT (n=55) reported a beneficial effect of supplementation with lower doses compared to higher doses of vitamin D on motor development while the other RCT (n=70) found no beneficial effect of vitamin D supplementation on cognition in extremely preterm infants. Twelve mother-child studies (n=17,136) and five studies in children (n=1,091) reported an association between low maternal or child 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and impaired neurobehavioural outcomes in children, while 15 mother-child studies (n=20,778) and eight studies in children (n=7,496) reported no association. Conclusions: Although animal studies point to an effect of vitamin D deficiency on brain development, there are few studies on the effects of vitamin D deficiency on neurobehavioural outcomes in children and their findings are inconsistent. There is a need for well-conducted, adequately powered studies to further determine these effects in children. Registration: PROSPERO ID CRD42018087619; registered on 15 February 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes M. Mutua
- KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, 80108, Kenya
- Department of Public Health, School of Human and Health Sciences, Pwani University, Kilifi, 80108, Kenya
| | - Reagan M. Mogire
- KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, 80108, Kenya
- Open University, KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme - Accredited Research Centre, Kilifi, 80108, Kenya
| | - Alison M. Elliott
- Medical Research Council / Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
- Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Thomas N. Williams
- KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, 80108, Kenya
- Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W21N, UK
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Emily L. Webb
- MRC Tropical Epidemiology Group, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Amina Abubakar
- KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, 80108, Kenya
- Department of Public Health, School of Human and Health Sciences, Pwani University, Kilifi, 80108, Kenya
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7JX, UK
- Institute for Human Development, Aga Khan University, Nairobi, 00100, Kenya
| | - Sarah H. Atkinson
- KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, 80108, Kenya
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
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Robinson SL, Marín C, Oliveros H, Mora-Plazas M, Lozoff B, Villamor E. Vitamin D Deficiency in Middle Childhood Is Related to Behavior Problems in Adolescence. J Nutr 2020; 150:140-148. [PMID: 31429909 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxz185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is associated with depression and schizophrenia in adults. The effect of VDD in childhood on behavioral development is unknown. OBJECTIVES We aimed to study the associations of VDD and vitamin D binding protein (DBP) in middle childhood with behavior problems in adolescence. METHODS We quantified plasma total 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and DBP in 273 schoolchildren aged 5-12 y at recruitment into a cohort study in Bogota, Colombia. Externalizing and internalizing behavior problems were assessed after a median 6-y follow-up by parental report [Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL)] and self-report [Youth Self-Report (YSR)]. We estimated mean problem score differences with 95% CIs between exposure categories using multivariable linear regression. We also compared the prevalence of clinical behavior problems (score >63) between exposure groups. We assessed whether the associations between DBP and behavior problems were mediated through VDD. RESULTS Mean ± SD CBCL and YSR externalizing problems scores were 56.5 ± 9.3 and 53.2 ± 9.5, respectively. Internalizing problems scores averaged 57.1 ± 9.8 and 53.7 ± 9.8, respectively. VDD [25(OH)D <50 nmol/L] prevalence was 10.3%. VDD was associated with an adjusted 6.0 (95% CI: 3.0, 9.0) and 3.4 (95% CI: 0.1, 6.6) units higher CBCL and YSR externalizing problems scores, respectively, and an adjusted 3.6 (95% CI: 0.3, 6.9) units higher CBCL internalizing problems scores. The prevalence of clinical total externalizing problems was 1.8 (95% CI: 1.1, 3.1) times higher in children with VDD than that in children without VDD. DBP concentration below the population median was related to higher YSR aggressive behavior and anxious/depressed subscale scores and to higher prevalence of clinical total externalizing problems. The associations between DBP and behavior problems were not mediated through VDD. CONCLUSIONS VDD and low DBP in middle childhood are related to behavior problems in adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia L Robinson
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Constanza Marín
- Department of Medicine, University of La Sabana, Chia, Colombia.,Foundation for Research in Nutrition and Health, FINUSAD, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Henry Oliveros
- Department of Medicine, University of La Sabana, Chia, Colombia
| | | | - Betsy Lozoff
- Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Eduardo Villamor
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Wilson RL, Phillips JA, Bianco-Miotto T, McAninch D, Goh Z, Anderson PH, Roberts CT. Reduced Dietary Calcium and Vitamin D Results in Preterm Birth and Altered Placental Morphogenesis in Mice During Pregnancy. Reprod Sci 2020; 27:1330-1339. [PMID: 32046423 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-019-00116-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D and calcium are essential micronutrients for reproductive success. Vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy is associated with increased risk of pregnancy complications including pre-eclampsia and preterm birth (PTB). However, inconsistencies in the literature reflect uncertainties regarding the true biological importance of vitamin D but may be explained by maternal calcium intakes. We aimed to determine whether low dietary consumption of calcium along with vitamin D deficiency had an additive effect on adverse pregnancy outcome by investigating placental morphogenesis and foetal growth in a mouse model. Female mice were randomly assigned to one of four diets: control-fed (+Ca+VD), reduced vitamin D only (+Ca-VD), reduced calcium only (-Ca+VD) and reduced calcium and vitamin D (-Ca-VD), and sacrificed at gestational day (GD) 18.5. Maternal serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D3) levels were lower in each reduced diet group when compared with levels in +Ca+VD-fed mice. While the pregnancy rate did not differ between groups, in the -Ca-VD-fed group, 55% (5 out of 9 pregnant of known gestational age) gave birth preterm (<GD18.5). Of the -Ca-VD animals that gave birth at GD18.5, mean foetal weight increased by 8% when compared with +Ca+VD (P < 0.05) which was associated with increased placental efficiency (P = 0.05) as a result of changes to the placental labyrinth microstructure. In conclusion, we observed an interactive effect of low calcium and vitamin D intake that may impact offspring phenotype and preterm birth rate supporting the hypothesis that both calcium and vitamin D status are important for a successful pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Wilson
- Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Center for Fetal and Placental Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Centre, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jessica A Phillips
- Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Tina Bianco-Miotto
- Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, and Waite Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Dale McAninch
- Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Zona Goh
- Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, and Waite Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Paul H Anderson
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Claire T Roberts
- Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. .,Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. .,University of Adelaide Health and Medical Sciences Building, 4 North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia.
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Cyprian F, Lefkou E, Varoudi K, Girardi G. Immunomodulatory Effects of Vitamin D in Pregnancy and Beyond. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2739. [PMID: 31824513 PMCID: PMC6883724 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to its role in calcium homeostasis and bone formation, a modulatory role of the active form of vitamin D on cells of the immune system, particularly T lymphocytes, has been described. The effects of vitamin D on the production and action of several cytokines has been intensively investigated in recent years. In this connection, deficiency of vitamin D has been associated with several autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), Hashimoto Thyroiditis (HT), and multiple sclerosis (MS). In a successful pregnancy, the maternal immune response needs to adapt to accommodate the semiallogeneic fetus. Disturbances in maternal tolerance are implicated in infertility and pregnancy complications such as miscarriages (RM) and preeclampsia (PE). It is well-known that a subset of T lymphocytes, regulatory T cells (Tregs) exhibit potent suppressive activity, and have a crucial role in curtailing the destructive response of the immune system during pregnancy, and preventing autoimmune diseases. Interestingly, vitamin D deficiency is common in pregnant women, despite the widespread use of prenatal vitamins, and adverse pregnancy outcomes such as RM, PE, intrauterine growth restriction have been linked to hypovitaminosis D during pregnancy. Research has shown that autoimmune diseases have a significant prevalence within the female population, and women with autoimmune disorders are at higher risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes. Provocatively, dysregulation of T cells plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of autoimmunity, and adverse pregnancy outcomes where these pathologies are also associated with vitamin D deficiency. This article reviews the immunomodulatory role of vitamin D in autoimmune diseases and pregnancy. In particular, we will describe the role of vitamin D from conception until delivery, including the health of the offspring. This review highlights an observational study where hypovitaminosis D was correlated with decreased fertility, increased disease activity, placental insufficiency, and preeclampsia in women with APS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhan Cyprian
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Member of QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Eleftheria Lefkou
- Institute of Obstetric Hematology, Perigenesis, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Katerina Varoudi
- Institute of Obstetric Hematology, Perigenesis, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Guillermina Girardi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Member of QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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Ribeiro R, Nicoli JR, Santos G, Lima-Santos J. Impact of vitamin deficiency on microbiota composition and immunomodulation: relevance to autistic spectrum disorders. Nutr Neurosci 2019; 24:601-613. [PMID: 31506005 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2019.1660485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Inappropriate vitamin supply is a public health problem and is related to abnormalities in brain development, immune response and, more recently, in changes of gut microbial composition. It is known that low levels of vitamin in early life are linked to increased susceptibility to neurodevelopmental disorders, such as Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). Unfortunately, the possible peripheral influences of vitamin deficiency that leads to alterations in the gut microbiota-immune-brain axis, one important modulator of the ASD pathology, remain unclear. This narrative review discusses how the impact of vitamin deficiency results in changes in the immune regulation and in the gut microbiota composition, trying to understand how these changes may contribute for the development and severity of ASD. METHODS The papers were selected using Pubmed and other databases. This review discusses the following topics: (1) vitamin deficiency in alterations of central nervous system in autism, (2) the impact of low levels of vitamins in immunomodulation and how it can favor imbalance in gut microbiota composition and gastrointestinal (GI) disturbances, (3) gut microbiota imbalance/inflammation associated with the ASD pathophysiology, and (4) possible evidences of the role of vitamin deficiency in dysfunctional gut microbiota-immune-brain axis in ASD. RESULTS Studies indicate that hypovitaminosis A, B12, D, and K have been co-related with the ASD neuropathology. Furthermore, it was shown that low levels of these vitamins favor the Th1/Th17 environment in the gut, as well as the growth of enteropathogens linked to GI disorders. DISCUSSION GI disorders and alterations in the gut microbiota-immune-brain axis seems to be linked with ASD severity. Although unclear, hypovitaminosis appears to regulate peripherally the ASD pathophysiology by modulating the gut microbiota-immune-brain axis, however, more research is still necessary to confirm this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Ribeiro
- Departament of Biologic Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Ilheus, Brazil
| | - Jacques Robert Nicoli
- Departament of Microbiology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Gesivaldo Santos
- Departament of Biologic Sciences, State University of the Southwest of Bahia, Jequie, Brazil
| | - Jane Lima-Santos
- Departament of Biologic Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Ilheus, Brazil
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Crew RC, Rakonjac A, Tesic D, Clarke MW, Yates NJ, Wyrwoll CS. Maternal vitamin D deficiency during rat gestation elicits a milder phenotype compared to the mouse model: Implications for the placental glucocorticoid barrier. Placenta 2019; 83:5-7. [PMID: 31477207 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Maternal vitamin D deficiency disturbs fetal development and programmes neurodevelopmental complications in offspring, possibly through increased fetal glucocorticoid exposure. We aimed to determine whether prenatal exposure to excess glucocorticoids underlies our rat model of early-life vitamin D deficiency, leading to altered adult behaviours. Vitamin D deficiency reduced the expression of the glucocorticoid-inactivating enzyme Hsd11b2 in the female placenta, but did not alter maternal glucocorticoid levels, feto-placental weights, or placental expression of other glucocorticoid-related genes at mid-gestation. This differs to the phenotype previously observed in vitamin D deficient mice, and highlights important modelling considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael C Crew
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Australia
| | - Ana Rakonjac
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Australia
| | - Dijana Tesic
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Australia
| | - Michael W Clarke
- Metabolomics Australia, Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis, The University of Western Australia, Australia
| | - Nathanael J Yates
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Australia; Asia-Pacific Centre for Neuromodulation, Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Australia
| | - Caitlin S Wyrwoll
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Australia.
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Vafaei H, Asadi N, Kasraeian M, Shahraki HR, Bazrafshan K, Namazi N. Positive effect of low dose vitamin D supplementation on growth of fetal bones: A randomized prospective study. Bone 2019; 122:136-142. [PMID: 30798000 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2019.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The effect of vitamin D supplementation on growth of fetal bones during pregnancy is unclear. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of low dose vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy on bony anthropometric aspects of the fetus. In this prospective randomized trial, 140 patients were divided into two equally matched groups according to age, 25(OH)D level, exercise, and dietary intake. Then 1000 IU per day vitamin D supplement was given to the intervention group while the control group received placebo. Then crown-rump length (CRL) and femur length (FL) during the first trimester and humerus and femur lengths as well as their proximal metaphyseal diameter (PMD), midshaft diameter (MSD) and distal metaphyseal diameter (DMD) in the second and third trimester were measured using ultrasonography technique. Finally, no significant difference was observed for CRL (p = 0.93). Although FL was not statistically significant in the first trimester (p = 0.54), its measurement in the intervention group and the control group in the second (28.87 ± 2.14 vs. 26.89 ± 2.08; p ≤0.001) and the third (65.31 ± 2.17 vs. 62.85 ± 1.94; p ≤0.001) trimesters was significantly different. Femoral PMD, MSD, and DMD measurement increased more in the intervention group in comparison with the control group with P values <0.05. HL measurement in the intervention group and the control group in the second (28.62 ± 1.94 vs. 27.23 ± 2.08; p ≤0.001) and the third (61.29 ± 2.84 vs. 59.85 ± 1.79; p ≤0.001) trimesters revealed significant differences. Humeral PMD, MSD, and DMD measurement increased in the intervention group in comparison with the control group with P values <0.001 for all. It is suggested to prescribe low dose vitamin D (1000 IU per day) from early pregnancy with possible increment in length and diameter of femur and humerus bones of the fetus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Homeira Vafaei
- Maternal-Fetal Medicine Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nasrin Asadi
- Maternal-Fetal Medicine Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Kasraeian
- Maternal-Fetal Medicine Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hadi Raeisi Shahraki
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Khadije Bazrafshan
- Maternal-Fetal Medicine Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Niloofar Namazi
- Resident of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Niego A, Benítez-Burraco A. Williams Syndrome, Human Self-Domestication, and Language Evolution. Front Psychol 2019; 10:521. [PMID: 30936846 PMCID: PMC6431629 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Language evolution resulted from changes in our biology, behavior, and culture. One source of these changes might be human self-domestication. Williams syndrome (WS) is a clinical condition with a clearly defined genetic basis which results in a distinctive behavioral and cognitive profile, including enhanced sociability. In this paper we show evidence that the WS phenotype can be satisfactorily construed as a hyper-domesticated human phenotype, plausibly resulting from the effect of the WS hemideletion on selected candidates for domestication and neural crest (NC) function. Specifically, we show that genes involved in animal domestication and NC development and function are significantly dysregulated in the blood of subjects with WS. We also discuss the consequences of this link between domestication and WS for our current understanding of language evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Niego
- Ph.D. Program, Faculty of Humanities, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | - Antonio Benítez-Burraco
- Department of Spanish, Linguistics, and Theory of Literature, Faculty of Philology, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
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Ideraabdullah FY, Belenchia AM, Rosenfeld CS, Kullman SW, Knuth M, Mahapatra D, Bereman M, Levin ED, Peterson CA. Maternal vitamin D deficiency and developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD). J Endocrinol 2019; 241:JOE-18-0541.R2. [PMID: 30909167 PMCID: PMC6717694 DOI: 10.1530/joe-18-0541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D is an essential nutrient that is metabolized in the body to generate an active metabolite (1,25(OH)2D) with hormone-like activity and highly diverse roles in cellular function. Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is a prevalent but easily preventable nutritional disturbance. Emerging evidence demonstrates the importance of sufficient vitamin D concentrations during fetal life with deficiencies leading to long-term effects into adulthood. Here, we provide a detailed review and perspective of evidence for the role of maternal VDD in offspring long term health, particularly as it relates to Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD). We focus on roles in neurobehavioral and cardiometabolic disorders in humans and highlight recent findings from zebrafish and rodent models that probe potential mechanisms linking early life VDD to later life health outcomes. Moreover, we explore evidence implicating epigenetic mechanisms as a mediator of this link. Gaps in our current understanding of how maternal VDD might result in deleterious offspring outcomes later in life are also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Folami Y. Ideraabdullah
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Anthony M. Belenchia
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
| | - Cheryl S. Rosenfeld
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211
- Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
- Thompson Center for Autism and Neurobehavioral Disorders, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
| | - Seth W. Kullman
- Toxicology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
| | - Megan Knuth
- Toxicology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
| | - Debabrata Mahapatra
- Toxicology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
| | - Michael Bereman
- Toxicology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
| | - Edward D. Levin
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Catherine A. Peterson
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
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Li HH, Xu ZD, Wang B, Feng JY, Dong HY, Jia FY. Clinical improvement following vitamin D3 supplementation in children with chronic tic disorders. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2019; 15:2443-2450. [PMID: 31933522 PMCID: PMC6716592 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s212322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Vitamin D deficiency has been found in children with chronic tic disorders (CTDs). Our previous data showed that serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] level in children with CTDs was lower than that of the healthy controls and lower serum 25(OH)D level was associated with increased severity of the tic disorder. Thus, we intend to further verify this phenomenon and examine the effect of vitamin D3 on CTDs. PATIENTS AND METHODS In total, 120 children with CTDs and 140 normal controls were enrolled in this study, with 36/120 of those in the CTD group receiving vitamin D3 treatment for 3 months. The Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS) and Clinical Global Impression of Severity of Illness (CGI-SI) were, respectively, used to evaluate the tic severity. High-performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry were used to measure serum 25(OH)D level. RESULTS Those children with CTDs exhibited significantly lower 25(OH)D levels than did healthy controls, and these reduced 25(OH)D levels were linked to increasing severity of tic symptoms. After treatment with supplemental vitamin D3, serum 25(OH)D level and scores of YGTSS total, motor tics, phonic tics, total tic, impairment, and CGI-SI improved significantly in children with CTDs without any adverse reactions. CONCLUSION Supplementation vitamin D3, given its low cost and excellent safety, may be an effective means of improving symptoms in certain children with CTDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Hua Li
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Da Xu
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, People's Republic of China.,Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bing Wang
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Yan Feng
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Han-Yu Dong
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei-Yong Jia
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, People's Republic of China.,Neurological Research Center of the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
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Prenatal vitamin D deficiency does not exacerbate behavioural impairments associated with prenatal ethanol exposure in juvenile male mice. Behav Brain Res 2019; 356:127-136. [PMID: 30142394 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2018.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
There is a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and exposure to low levels of ethanol in pregnant women. However, there are a paucity of studies that have addressed the impact of both vitamin D deficiency and ethanol exposure on the offspring's vulnerability to neurodevelopmental disorders later in life. The aim of this study was to examine whether the absence of vitamin D during gestation in mice would alter the effects of prenatal exposure to low dose ethanol on the behaviour and dopaminergic gene expression patterns of juvenile mice. Four-week old female C57BL/6J mice were placed on a prenatal vitamin D deficient (PVD) or standard diet for 6 weeks and mated at 10 weeks of age. Females were exposed to either 10%(v/v) ethanol or water between gestational days 0-8 and all were offered water thereafter. We found that blood ethanol concentration in the dams was not affected by maternal diet. Behavioural analyses of the offspring included ultrasonic vocalizations (USV) at postnatal day (P) 7, locomotion and social interaction at P21. The main findings were increased USV calling rate and impaired social interaction in males with prenatal ethanol exposure (PrEE). Gene expression analysis of transcripts involved in dopamine regulation revealed a main effect of ethanol exposure on dopamine- and cyclic adenosine monophosphate- regulated neuronal phosphoprotein (Darpp-32), a main effect of vitamin D diet on Dopamine 2 Receptors (D2R) and a main effect of Sex on Tyrosine Hydroxylase (TH) expression. The combination of PVD-PrEE did not exacerbate the alterations resulting from PVD or PrEE. Despite the limited evidence to support the interaction of PVD and PrEE during the postnatal period, males were more vulnerable than female offspring to the detrimental effects of PrEE. Therefore, based on these studies in mice we suggest that maintenance of optimal vitamin D levels and abstinence from ethanol during pregnancy would reduce risk of later disruption to brain function and behaviour in the offspring.
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Kotsi E, Kotsi E, Perrea DN. Vitamin D levels in children and adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): a meta-analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 11:221-232. [PMID: 30367389 DOI: 10.1007/s12402-018-0276-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this article was to assess the differences in serum 25(OH)D levels between children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and healthy controls. We used the PubMed (1966-2017), Scopus (2004-2017), ClinicalTrials.gov (2008-2017), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials CENTRAL (2000-2017), and Google Scholar (2004-2017) databases. Statistical meta-analysis was performed with RevMan 5.3. Εight studies were finally included in the present meta-analysis with a total number of 11,324 children. Among them, 2655 were diagnosed with ADHD, while the remaining 8669 were recruited as healthy controls. All eight trials reported significantly lower serum concentrations of 25(OH)D in patients diagnosed with ADHD compared to healthy controls. The pooled data showed that there was a significant difference between the ADHD group and the control group (SMD = - 0.73, 95% CI [- 1.00, - 0.46]). The systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies demonstrated an inverse association between serum 25(OH)D and young patients with ADHD. Large cohort studies are required to investigate whether vitamin D-deficient infants are more likely to develop ADHD in the future. Also, whether children with ADHD should be supplemented with higher doses of vitamin D3 remains to be confirmed through long-term controlled clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Kotsi
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research N.S. Christeas, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
| | - Elisavet Kotsi
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research N.S. Christeas, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Despina N Perrea
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research N.S. Christeas, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Ng SY, Bettany-Saltikov J, Cheung IYK, Chan KKY. The Role of Vitamin D in the Pathogenesis of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis. Asian Spine J 2018; 12:1127-1145. [PMID: 30322242 PMCID: PMC6284127 DOI: 10.31616/asj.2018.12.6.1127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Several theories have been proposed to explain the etiology of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) until present. However, limited data are available regarding the impact of vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency on scoliosis. Previous studies have shown that vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency are prevalent in adolescents, including AIS patients. A series of studies conducted in Hong Kong have shown that as many as 30% of these patients have osteopenia. The 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 level has been found to positively correlate with bone mineral density (BMD) in healthy adolescents and negatively with Cobb angle in AIS patients; therefore, vitamin D deficiency is believed to play a role in AIS pathogenesis. This study attempts to review the relevant literature on AIS etiology to examine the association of vitamin D and various current theories. Our review suggested that vitamin D deficiency is associated with several current etiological theories of AIS. We postulate that vitamin D deficiency and/or insufficiency affects AIS development by its effect on the regulation of fibrosis, postural control, and BMD. Subclinical deficiency of vitamin K2, a fat-soluble vitamin, is also prevalent in adolescents; therefore, it is possible that the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency is related to decreased fat intake. Further studies are required to elucidate the possible role of vitamin D in the pathogenesis and clinical management of AIS.
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45
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Li HH, Shan L, Wang B, Du L, Xu ZD, Jia FY. Serum 25-hyroxyvitamin D levels and tic severity in Chinese children with tic disorders. Psychiatry Res 2018; 267:80-84. [PMID: 29885558 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.05.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to evaluate serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D[25(OH)D] levels in children with tic disorders and to explore the relationship between serum 25(OH)D level and tic severity. Children (n = 179, 31 females, 148 males, mean age at diagnosis: 8.0 ± 2.7 years old, age ranged from 3 to 14.5 years old) who were diagnosed with a tic disorder were enrolled as case group, 189 healthy children were recruited as control group. Serum level of 25(OH)D of each child was measured by high performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS) was used to assess tic severity. Mean serum level of 25(OH)D in the case group was significantly lower than that of the control group. The serum 25(OH)D level was significantly associated with tic severity after adjusting for age and body mass index (BMI). This study identified a high prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency in children with tic disorders, and there was a negative correlation between the serum 25(OH)D level and tic severity. In the future, large sample size studies are urgently needed to further clarify this correlation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Hua Li
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ling Shan
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lin Du
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhi-Da Xu
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China; Department of psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Fei-Yong Jia
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China; Neurological Research Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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46
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Wagner CL, Hollis BW. The Implications of Vitamin D Status During Pregnancy on Mother and her Developing Child. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:500. [PMID: 30233496 PMCID: PMC6127214 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy is a time of tremendous growth and physiological changes for mother and her developing fetus with lifelong implications for the child. The concert of actions that must occur so mother does not reject the foreign tissue of the fetus is substantial. There must be exquisite balance between maternal tolerance to these foreign proteins of paternal origin but also immune surveillance and function such that the mother is not immunocompromised. When this process goes awry, the mother may experience such pregnancy complications as preeclampsia and infections. Vitamin D deficiency affects these processes. Controversy continues with regard to the optimal daily intake of vitamin D, when sunlight exposure should be taken into account, and how to define sufficiency during such vulnerable and critical periods of development. The importance of vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy in preventing some of the health risks to the mother and fetus appears linked to achieving 25(OH)D concentrations >40 ng/mL, the beginning point of the plateau where conversion of the vitamin D metabolite 25(OH)D, the pre-hormone, to 1,25(OH)2D, the active hormone, is optimized. Throughout pregnancy, the delivery of adequate vitamin D substrate-through sunlight or supplement-is required to protect both mother and fetus, and when in sufficient supply, favorably impacts the epigenome of the fetus, and in turn, long term health. There is a growing need for future research endeavors to focus not only on critical period(s) from pre-conception through pregnancy, but throughout life to prevent certain epigenetic changes that adversely affect health. There is urgency based on emerging research to correct deficiency and maintain optimal vitamin D status. The impact of vitamin D and its metabolites on genetic signaling during pregnancy in both mother and fetus is an area of great activity and still in its early stages. While vitamin D repletion during pregnancy minimizes the risk of certain adverse outcomes (e.g., preterm birth, asthma, preeclampsia, and gestational diabetes), the mechanisms of how these processes occur are not fully understood. As we intensify our research efforts in these areas. it is only a matter of time that such mechanisms will be defined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol L. Wagner
- Neonatology, Shawn Jenkins Children's Hospital, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
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47
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Biswas S, Kanwal B, Jeet C, Seminara RS. Fok-I, Bsm-I, and Taq-I Variants of Vitamin D Receptor Polymorphism in the Development of Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Literature Review. Cureus 2018; 10:e3228. [PMID: 30410834 PMCID: PMC6207492 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.3228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of vitamin D in the development of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is of intensified interest in medical science in recent years. Vitamin D has a significant role in neurogenesis, neuroprotection, and neurodevelopment. Due to the close association of vitamin D with the brain, it has been found that in the pathophysiology of several neuropsychiatric disorders vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphism plays a significant role. In this review article, we looked for a relation between VDR polymorphism and ASD. We systemically reviewed all the potential articles on the relation between VDR polymorphism and ASD. We found that several VDR variants FokI, BsmI, and TaqI polymorphisms are related to ASD. Even paternal VDR polymorphism can be a causative factor for ASD in the offspring. The relation between FokI (ff) genotype polymorphism and increased level of serum 1,25(OH)D3 in ASD patients is a very significant finding. Variation of ASD-related genotypes in different ethnic population raises a big question on whether the environmental factors also can do changes in human genotypes leading to ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharmi Biswas
- Pediatric, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, California , USA
| | - Bushra Kanwal
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington DC, USA
| | - Charan Jeet
- Department of Research, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Robert S Seminara
- Neuroscience, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
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Gurholt TP, Osnes K, Nerhus M, Jørgensen KN, Lonning V, Berg AO, Andreassen OA, Melle I, Agartz I. Vitamin D, Folate and the Intracranial Volume in Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder and Healthy Controls. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10817. [PMID: 30018414 PMCID: PMC6050333 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29141-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D and folate deficiency are considered risk factors for schizophrenia and bipolar disorders, but it is unknown how vitamin D and folate influence the growing brain, cranium or the clinical phenotype. Serum vitamin D and folate levels are in part genetically regulated. We investigated whether adult vitamin D and folate levels are associated with the intracranial volume (ICV) under the hypothesis that developmental vitamin D or folate levels influence neurodevelopment and that current levels are associated with ICV. Ninety patients with severe mental disorders and 91 healthy controls underwent 3 T magnetic resonance imaging and serum sampling. Multiple linear regression was used to assess the contribution of serum vitamin D, folate and patient-control status on ICV. We show that vitamin D levels were within lower range for patients and controls (48.8 ± 22.1 nmol/l and 53.4 ± 20.0 nmol/l, respectively). A significant positive association was found between vitamin D and ICV (p = 0.003, r = 0.22), folate was trend-significantly associated with ICV. Folate and vitamin D were significantly associated (p = 0.0001, r = 0.28). There were nonsignificant patient-control differences and no interaction effects. The results suggest that Vitamin D is associated with ICV as detected in the adult. Further studies are warranted for replication and to investigate possible mechanisms and genetic associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiril P Gurholt
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. .,Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Kåre Osnes
- Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mari Nerhus
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Division of Mental Health, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Kjetil N Jørgensen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Vera Lonning
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Akiah O Berg
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Melle
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Agartz
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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49
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Zhang Q, Chen H, Wang Y, Zhang C, Tang Z, Li H, Huang X, Ouyang F, Huang H, Liu Z. Severe vitamin D deficiency in the first trimester is associated with placental inflammation in high-risk singleton pregnancy. Clin Nutr 2018; 38:1921-1926. [PMID: 30031659 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2018.06.978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy is a worldwide epidemic. This study aimed to identify whether vitamin D deficiency in early pregnancy is associated with placental inflammation in high-risk pregnancy. METHODS This study comprised 23,396 women who provided serum samples in the first trimester for vitamin D analysis from January 2015 to December 2016. Among them, 2648 women with high-risk pregnancy underwent placental pathologic examination. Women were divided into placental inflammation positive (PIP) and placental inflammation negative (PIN) groups based on placental pathology. Multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate the relationship between vitamin D levels and placental inflammation. RESULTS We found that severe vitamin D deficiency in early pregnancy was associated with placental inflammation. Maternal vitamin D levels were significantly lower in the PIP group than those in the PIN group (P = 0.025). Compared with the highest quartile of vitamin D levels, risk for placental inflammation was significantly higher in women with extremely low vitamin D levels (<5th percentile; P = 0.012). The effect estimate was slightly decreased but still significant (P = 0.027) after adjusting for maternal age, gestational age at birth, birth weight, infant sex, and sample collection season. In addition, compared with the PIN group, the incidences of adverse neonatal outcomes, including sepsis (0.5% vs 2.4%) and fetal intrauterine infection (5.7% vs 15.6%), were significantly higher in the PIP group than that in the PIN group (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Severe vitamin D deficiency in the first trimester is a risk factor for placental inflammation in high-risk pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Zhang
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital of China Welfare Institution, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 20030, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Departments of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Shanghai, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 20040, China
| | - Yi Wang
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital of China Welfare Institution, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 20030, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital of China Welfare Institution, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 20030, China
| | - Zhen Tang
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital of China Welfare Institution, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 20030, China
| | - Hong Li
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital of China Welfare Institution, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 20030, China
| | - Xiaoyi Huang
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital of China Welfare Institution, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 20030, China
| | - Fengxiu Ouyang
- Ministry of Education and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Hefeng Huang
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital of China Welfare Institution, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 20030, China.
| | - Zhiwei Liu
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital of China Welfare Institution, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 20030, China.
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50
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Luan W, Hammond LA, Vuillermot S, Meyer U, Eyles DW. Maternal Vitamin D Prevents Abnormal Dopaminergic Development and Function in a Mouse Model of Prenatal Immune Activation. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9741. [PMID: 29950608 PMCID: PMC6021387 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28090-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction in dopamine (DA) systems is a prominent feature in schizophrenia patients and may result from the abnormal development of mesencephalic (mes)DA systems. Maternal immune activation (MIA) and developmental vitamin D (DVD)-deficiency both induce schizophrenia-relevant dopaminergic abnormalities in adult offspring. In this study, we investigated whether maternal administration of the vitamin D hormone (1,25OHD, VITD) could prevent MIA-induced abnormalities in DA-related behaviors and mesDA development. We administrated the viral mimetic polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic (poly (I:C)) simultaneously with 1,25OHD and/or their vehicles, to pregnant mouse dams at gestational day 9. Maternal treatment with VITD prevented MIA-induced hypersensitivity to acute DA stimulation induced by amphetamine, whereas it failed to block prepulse inhibition deficiency in MIA-exposed offspring. MIA and VITD both reduced fetal mesDA progenitor (Lmx1a + Sox2+) cells, while VITD treatment increased the number of mature (Nurr1 + TH+) mesDA neurons. Single-cell quantification of protein expression showed that VITD treatment increased the expression of Lmx1a, Nurr1 and TH in individual mesDA cells and restored normal mesDA positioning. Our data demonstrate that VITD prevents abnormal dopaminergic phenotypes in MIA offspring possibly via its early neuroprotective actions on fetal mesDA neurons. Maternal supplementation with the dietary form of vitamin D, cholecalciferol may become a valuable strategy for the prevention of MIA-induced neurodevelopmental abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Luan
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | | | - Urs Meyer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich-Vetsuisse, Zurich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Centre Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Darryl Walter Eyles
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
- Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
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