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Zhang XL, Du WH, Qian SX, Lu XD, Yu X, Fang HL, Dong JL, Song M, Sun YY, Wu XQ, Shen YF, Hao YN, Shen MH, Zhou BQ, Wang YP, Xu CY, Jin XC. Glial growth factor 2 treatment alleviates ischemia and reperfusion-damaged integrity of the blood-brain barrier through decreasing Mfsd2a/caveolin-1-mediated transcellular and Pdlim5/YAP/TAZ-mediated paracellular permeability. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024:10.1038/s41401-024-01323-7. [PMID: 38902501 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-024-01323-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The impairment of blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity is the pathological basis of hemorrhage transformation and vasogenic edema following thrombolysis and endovascular therapy. There is no approved drug in the clinic to reduce BBB damage after acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Glial growth factor 2 (GGF2), a recombinant version of neuregulin-1β that can stimulates glial cell proliferation and differentiation, has been shown to alleviate free radical release from activated microglial cells. We previously found that activated microglia and proinflammatory factors could disrupt BBB after AIS. In this study we investigated the effects of GGF2 on AIS-induced BBB damage as well as the underlying mechanisms. Mouse middle cerebral artery occlusion model was established: mice received a 90-min ischemia and 22.5 h reperfusion (I/R), and were treated with GGF2 (2.5, 12.5, 50 ng/kg, i.v.) before the reperfusion. We showed that GGF2 treatment dose-dependently decreased I/R-induced BBB damage detected by Evans blue (EB) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) leakage, and tight junction protein occludin degradation. In addition, we found that GGF2 dose-dependently reversed AIS-induced upregulation of vesicular transcytosis increase, caveolin-1 (Cav-1) as well as downregulation of major facilitator superfamily domain containing 2a (Mfsd2a). Moreover, GGF2 decreased I/R-induced upregulation of PDZ and LIM domain protein 5 (Pdlim5), an adaptor protein that played an important role in BBB damage after AIS. In addition, GGF2 significantly alleviated I/R-induced reduction of YAP and TAZ, microglial cell activation and upregulation of inflammatory factors. Together, these results demonstrate that GGF2 treatment alleviates the I/R-compromised integrity of BBB by inhibiting Mfsd2a/Cav-1-mediated transcellular permeability and Pdlim5/YAP/TAZ-mediated paracellular permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ling Zhang
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314033, China
| | - Wei-Hong Du
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Shu-Xia Qian
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314033, China
| | - Xu-Dong Lu
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314033, China
| | - Xin Yu
- Department of Neurology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233030, China
| | - Hai-Lun Fang
- Department of Neurology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233030, China
| | - Jia-Li Dong
- Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - Min Song
- Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - Yan-Yun Sun
- Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Wu
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314033, China
| | - Yu-Fei Shen
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314033, China
| | - Ya-Nan Hao
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314033, China
| | - Min-Hui Shen
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314033, China
| | - Bei-Qun Zhou
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314033, China
| | - Yan-Ping Wang
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314033, China.
| | - Cong-Ying Xu
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314033, China.
| | - Xin-Chun Jin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
- Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China.
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Noll JM, Sherafat AA, Ford GD, Ford BD. The case for neuregulin-1 as a clinical treatment for stroke. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 18:1325630. [PMID: 38638304 PMCID: PMC11024452 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1325630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is the leading cause of serious long-term disability and the 5th leading cause of death in the United States. Revascularization of the occluded cerebral artery, either by thrombolysis or endovascular thrombectomy, is the only effective, clinically-approved stroke therapy. Several potentially neuroprotective agents, including glutamate antagonists, anti-inflammatory compounds and free radical scavenging agents were shown to be effective neuroprotectants in preclinical animal models of brain ischemia. However, these compounds did not demonstrate efficacy in clinical trials with human patients following stroke. Proposed reasons for the translational failure include an insufficient understanding on the cellular and molecular pathophysiology of ischemic stroke, lack of alignment between preclinical and clinical studies and inappropriate design of clinical trials based on the preclinical findings. Therefore, novel neuroprotective treatments must be developed based on a clearer understanding of the complex spatiotemporal mechanisms of ischemic stroke and with proper clinical trial design based on the preclinical findings from specific animal models of stroke. We and others have demonstrated the clinical potential for neuregulin-1 (NRG-1) in preclinical stroke studies. NRG-1 significantly reduced ischemia-induced neuronal death, neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in rodent stroke models with a therapeutic window of >13 h. Clinically, NRG-1 was shown to be safe in human patients and improved cardiac function in multisite phase II studies for heart failure. This review summarizes previous stroke clinical candidates and provides evidence that NRG-1 represents a novel, safe, neuroprotective strategy that has potential therapeutic value in treating individuals after acute ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M. Noll
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California-Riverside School of Medicine, Riverside, CA, United States
- Nanostring Technologies, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Arya A. Sherafat
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California-Riverside School of Medicine, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Gregory D. Ford
- Southern University-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Byron D. Ford
- Department of Anatomy, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, United States
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Deng A, Wang S, Qin J, Yang P, Shen S, Zhou H, Chen X. ErbB4 processing is involved in OGD/R induced neuron injury. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2023; 32:107373. [PMID: 37734179 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2023.107373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our previous study found that ErbB4 gene expression was changed after oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R). However, the exact role and mechanism of ErbB4 in brain ischemia are largely unknown. In this study, we explored the protective effects of ErbB4 and its possible mechanism after OGD/R. METHODS Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury model was established in vitro and in vivo. Cell viability, apoptosis, and ROS production were measured by MTT, TUNEL, and fluorescent probe 2', 7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA). Infarct size was evaluated by TTC. We performed bioinformatics analyses to screen for novel key genes involved in ErbB4 changes. RNA-Seq was used to transcriptome analysis. RNA and protein expression were detected by quantitative RT‒PCR and western bloting. RESULTS The expression of 80-kDa ErbB4 decreased after cerebral I/R injury in vitro and in vivo. Co-expression network analysis revealed that ErbB4 expression was correlated with the changes in Adrb1, Adrb2, Ldlr, and Dab2. Quantitative RT‒PCR revealed that the mRNA expression levels of Adrb1, Adrb2, and Dab2 were upregulated, and that of Ldlr was decreased after OGD/R. Activation of ErbB4 expression by neuregulin 1 (NRG1) significantly promoted cell survival, attenuated hippocampal apoptosis, and decreased ROS production after OGD/R. Furthermore, the elimination of ErbB4 using a specific siRNA reversed these beneficial effects. CONCLUSION Our data revealed the neuroprotective effects of ErbB4 against OGD/R injury, and the action could be related to changes in the ErbB4 membrane-associated fragment and the expression of Adrb1, Adrb2, Ldlr, and Dab2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiqing Deng
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shouyan Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianxin Qin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Panpan Yang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoze Shen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongzhi Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, People's Republic of China.
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Stewart W, Hejl C, Guleria RS, Gupta S. Effect of thymosin β4 on lipopolysaccharide‑stimulated brain microvascular endothelial cell remodeling: A possible role in blood‑brain barrier injury. Exp Ther Med 2023; 26:468. [PMID: 37664684 PMCID: PMC10469577 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.12167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
War veterans, in particular, are more prone to mental illness as they are more likely to have encountered multiple traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) whilst serving on active duty in war zone areas. A TBI is known to cause mortality or serious neurological disabilities among survivors and elicits a number of pathological processes, including neuroinflammation and blood brain barrier (BBB) disruption, leading to secondary brain damage and subsequent impairment of the neurovascular unit. Although several drugs exhibit promising effects for TBI, the repertoire of currently available therapeutic strategies remains limited. Thymosin 4 (Tβ4) is a 43-amino acid G-acting sequestering peptide that confers neuroprotective potential in TBI models. However, its role in BBB function remains unclear. Further research into the mechanism of BBB disruption induced by TBI and its specific role in neurovascular pathophysiology is necessary. In the present study, the protective effects of Tβ4 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated gene expression of several tight junction proteins, inflammatory genes, apoptotic genes, and adhesion genes in human brain microvascular endothelial cells (hBMVECs), one of the pivotal cell types in the BBB, were reported. The results suggested that pretreatment with Tβ4 reversed the LPS-induced damage of BBB components in hBMVECs. Furthermore, these results identified neuregulin 1 as a possible target for Tβ4. Therefore, it is proposed that Tβ4-mediated cellular signaling in hBMVEC may be vital for understanding the association between the BBB and TBI pathophysiology, which warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Stewart
- Biomarkers & Genetics Core, VISN 17 Center of Excellence for Research on Returning War Veterans, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Waco, TX 76711, USA
| | - Christina Hejl
- Biomarkers & Genetics Core, VISN 17 Center of Excellence for Research on Returning War Veterans, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Waco, TX 76711, USA
| | - Rakeshwar S. Guleria
- Biomarkers & Genetics Core, VISN 17 Center of Excellence for Research on Returning War Veterans, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Waco, TX 76711, USA
| | - Sudhiranjan Gupta
- Biomarkers & Genetics Core, VISN 17 Center of Excellence for Research on Returning War Veterans, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Waco, TX 76711, USA
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Ding CY, Ding YT, Ji H, Wang YY, Zhang X, Yin DM. Genetic labeling reveals spatial and cellular expression pattern of neuregulin 1 in mouse brain. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:79. [PMID: 37147705 PMCID: PMC10161477 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01032-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Where the gene is expressed determines the function of the gene. Neuregulin 1 (Nrg1) encodes a tropic factor and is genetically linked with several neuropsychiatry diseases such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and depression. Nrg1 has broad functions ranging from regulating neurodevelopment to neurotransmission in the nervous system. However, the expression pattern of Nrg1 at the cellular and circuit levels in rodent brain is not full addressed. METHODS Here we used CRISPR/Cas9 techniques to generate a knockin mouse line (Nrg1Cre/+) that expresses a P2A-Cre cassette right before the stop codon of Nrg1 gene. Since Cre recombinase and Nrg1 are expressed in the same types of cells in Nrg1Cre/+ mice, the Nrg1 expression pattern can be revealed through the Cre-reporting mice or adeno-associated virus (AAV) that express fluorescent proteins in a Cre-dependent way. Using unbiased stereology and fluorescence imaging, the cellular expression pattern of Nrg1 and axon projections of Nrg1-positive neurons were investigated. RESULTS In the olfactory bulb (OB), Nrg1 is expressed in GABAergic interneurons including periglomerular (PG) and granule cells. In the cerebral cortex, Nrg1 is mainly expressed in the pyramidal neurons of superficial layers that mediate intercortical communications. In the striatum, Nrg1 is highly expressed in the Drd1-positive medium spiny neurons (MSNs) in the shell of nucleus accumbens (NAc) that project to substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr). In the hippocampus, Nrg1 is mainly expressed in granule neurons in the dentate gyrus and pyramidal neurons in the subiculum. The Nrg1-expressing neurons in the subiculum project to retrosplenial granular cortex (RSG) and mammillary nucleus (MM). Nrg1 is highly expressed in the median eminence (ME) of hypothalamus and Purkinje cells in the cerebellum. CONCLUSIONS Nrg1 is broadly expressed in mouse brain, mainly in neurons, but has unique expression patterns in different brain regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Yun Ding
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, Ministry of Education and Shanghai, School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
- Center of Implant Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110002, China
| | - Yan-Ting Ding
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, Ministry of Education and Shanghai, School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Haifeng Ji
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, Ministry of Education and Shanghai, School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
- Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center, Affiliated to East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200335, China
| | - Yao-Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, Ministry of Education and Shanghai, School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Xinwen Zhang
- Center of Implant Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110002, China.
- Laboratory Animal Centre, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China.
| | - Dong-Min Yin
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, Ministry of Education and Shanghai, School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China.
- NYU-ECNU Institute of Brain and Cognitive Science at NYU Shanghai, Shanghai, 200062, China.
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Neuregulin-1/PI3K signaling effects on oligodendrocyte proliferation, remyelination and behaviors deficit in a male mouse model of ischemic stroke. Exp Neurol 2023; 362:114323. [PMID: 36690057 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2023.114323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the effect of neuregulin-1 (NRG1) on demyelination and neurological function in an ischemic stroke model, and further explored its neuroprotective mechanisms. Adult male ICR mice underwent photothrombotic ischemia surgery and were injected with NRG1 beginning 30 min after ischemia. Cylinder and grid walking tests were performed to evaluate the forepaw function. In addition, the effect of NRG1 on neuronal damage/death (Cresyl violet, CV), neuronal nuclei (NeuN), nestin, doublecortin (DCX), myelin basic protein (MBP), non-phosphorylated neurofilaments (SMI-32), adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog (ErbB) 2, 4 and serine-threonine protein kinase (Akt) in cortex were evaluated using immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and western blot. The cylinder and grid walking tests exposed that treatment of NRG1 observably regained the forepaw function. NRG1 treatment reduced cerebral infarction, restored forepaw function, promoted proliferation and differentiation of neuron and increased oligodendrogliogenesis. The neuroprotective effect of NRG1 is involved in its activation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway via ErbB2, as shown by the suppression of the effect of NRG1 by the PI3K inhibitor LY294002. Our results demonstrate that NRG1 is effective in ameliorating the both acute phase neuroprotection and long-term neurological functions via resumption of neuronal proliferation and differentiation and oligodendrogliogenesis in a male mouse model of ischemic stroke.
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Chen X, Shen J, Zhou Q, Jin X, Liu H, Gao R. Astragaloside VI Ameliorates Post-Stroke Depression via Upregulating the NRG-1-Mediated MEK/ERK Pathway. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15121551. [PMID: 36559001 PMCID: PMC9784132 DOI: 10.3390/ph15121551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Post-stroke depression (PSD) has been identified as one of the most commonly occurring complications attributed to stroke. Astragaloside VI (AsVI), which is an active Radix Astragali (AR)-derived compound, has been reported to be a potential drug for post-stroke therapy, but its effects on PSD and the underlying mechanisms remain uncovered. METHODS In this study, healthy male SD rats underwent a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) stroke model. To create a PSD model, these rats were then kept in isolated houses and subjected to chronic unpredictable mild stress. The rats were examined every five days for a series of behavioral tests of depression. The antidepressant properties of AsVI were also investigated in vitro in a corticosterone (CORT)-induced major depression model using a CCK-8 assay. The release of neurotransmitters dopamine (DA)/5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) was measured using HPLC. The expression of the neurotrophic factor Neuregulin 1 (NRG-1) in rat brain tissues was detected by immunostaining. The protein expression of NRG-1, p-MEK1, and p-ERK1/2 was analyzed utilizing western blotting. RESULTS AsVI treatment significantly reduced depression-like behaviors in PSD rats and attenuated the CORT-induced apoptotic cell death in neuronal PC-12 cells. Besides, AsVI treatment remarkably prevented the decrease of the levels of DA and 5-HT in the PSD rat brains and in CORT-induced PC-12 cells. Furthermore, AsVI treatment upregulated the NRG-1-mediated MEK/ERK pathway, which is associated with the improvement of PSD. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that AsVI could improve PSD at least partially by upregulating NRG-1-mediated MEK/ERK pathway. AsVI could be a novel therapeutic option for treating PSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Department of Core Facility, The People’s Hospital of Bao-an, Shenzhen 518000, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-139-0247-5452; Fax: +86-2778-8311
| | - Jiangang Shen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Department of Core Facility, The People’s Hospital of Bao-an, Shenzhen 518000, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Xinchun Jin
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Haosheng Liu
- Department of Core Facility, The People’s Hospital of Bao-an, Shenzhen 518000, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Ran Gao
- Department of Core Facility, The People’s Hospital of Bao-an, Shenzhen 518000, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
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Noll JM, Augello CJ, Kürüm E, Pan L, Pavenko A, Nam A, Ford BD. Spatial Analysis of Neural Cell Proteomic Profiles Following Ischemic Stroke in Mice Using High-Plex Digital Spatial Profiling. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:7236-7252. [PMID: 36151369 PMCID: PMC9616789 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-03031-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is ranked as the fifth leading cause of death and the leading cause of adult disability in the USA. The progression of neuronal damage after stroke is recognized to be a complex integration of glia, neurons, and the surrounding extracellular matrix, therefore potential treatments must target the detrimental effects created by these interactions. In this study, we examined the spatial cellular and neuroinflammatory mechanisms occurring early after ischemic stroke utilizing Nanostring Digital Spatial Profiling (DSP) technology. Male C57bl/6 mice were subjected to photothrombotic middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and sacrificed at 3 days post-ischemia. Spatial distinction of the ipsilateral hemisphere was studied according to the regions of interest: the ischemic core, peri-infarct tissues, and peri-infarct normal tissue (PiNT) in comparison to the contralateral hemisphere. We demonstrated that the ipsilateral hemisphere initiates distinct spatial regulatory proteomic profiles with DSP technology that can be identified consistently with the immunohistochemical markers, FJB, GFAP, and Iba-1. The core border profile demonstrated an induction of neuronal death, apoptosis, autophagy, immunoreactivity, and early degenerative proteins. Most notably, the core border resulted in a decrease of the neuronal proteins Map2 and NeuN; an increase in the autophagy proteins BAG3 and CTSD; an increase in the microglial and peripheral immune invasion proteins Iba1, CD45, CD11b, and CD39; and an increase in the neurodegenerative proteins BACE1, APP, amyloid β 1-42, ApoE, and hyperphosphorylated tau protein S-199. The peri-infarct region demonstrated increased astrocytic, immunoreactivity, apoptotic, and neurodegenerative proteomic profiles, with an increase in BAG3, GFAP, and hyperphosphorylated tau protein S-199. The PiNT region displayed minimal changes compared to the contralateral cortex with only an increase in GFAP. In this study, we showed that mechanisms known to be associated with stroke, such as apoptosis and inflammation, occur in distinct spatial domains of the injured brain following ischemia. We also demonstrated the dysregulation of specific autophagic pathways that may lead to neurodegeneration in peri-infarct brain tissues. Taken together, these data suggest that identifying post-ischemic mechanisms occurring in a spatiotemporal manner may lead to more precise targets for successful therapeutic interventions to treat stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M Noll
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California-Riverside School of Medicine, 900 University Ave, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Catherine J Augello
- Division of Bioengineering, University of California, 900 University Ave, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Esra Kürüm
- Department of Statistics, University of California, 900 University Ave, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Liuliu Pan
- Nanostring Technologies, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Anna Pavenko
- Nanostring Technologies, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Andy Nam
- Nanostring Technologies, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Byron D Ford
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California-Riverside School of Medicine, 900 University Ave, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA.
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Zhbanov KA, Salakheeva EY, Sokolova IY, Zheleznykh EA, Zektser VY, Privalova EV, Belenkov YN, Shchendrygina AA. Neuregulin-1β, Biomarkers of Inflammation and Myocardial Fibrosis in Heart Failure Patients. RATIONAL PHARMACOTHERAPY IN CARDIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.20996/1819-6446-2022-09-05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K. A. Zhbanov
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
| | - E. Yu. Salakheeva
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
| | - I. Ya. Sokolova
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
| | - E. A. Zheleznykh
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
| | - V. Yu. Zektser
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
| | - E. V. Privalova
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
| | - Yu. N. Belenkov
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
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Shahsavani N, Kataria H, Karimi-Abdolrezaee S. Mechanisms and repair strategies for white matter degeneration in CNS injury and diseases. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2021; 1867:166117. [PMID: 33667627 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2021.166117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
White matter degeneration is an important pathophysiological event of the central nervous system that is collectively characterized by demyelination, oligodendrocyte loss, axonal degeneration and parenchymal changes that can result in sensory, motor, autonomic and cognitive impairments. White matter degeneration can occur due to a variety of causes including trauma, neurotoxic exposure, insufficient blood flow, neuroinflammation, and developmental and inherited neuropathies. Regardless of the etiology, the degeneration processes share similar pathologic features. In recent years, a plethora of cellular and molecular mechanisms have been identified for axon and oligodendrocyte degeneration including oxidative damage, calcium overload, neuroinflammatory events, activation of proteases, depletion of adenosine triphosphate and energy supply. Extensive efforts have been also made to develop neuroprotective and neuroregenerative approaches for white matter repair. However, less progress has been achieved in this area mainly due to the complexity and multifactorial nature of the degeneration processes. Here, we will provide a timely review on the current understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of white matter degeneration and will also discuss recent pharmacological and cellular therapeutic approaches for white matter protection as well as axonal regeneration, oligodendrogenesis and remyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narjes Shahsavani
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Regenerative Medicine Program, Spinal Cord Research Centre, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Hardeep Kataria
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Regenerative Medicine Program, Spinal Cord Research Centre, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Soheila Karimi-Abdolrezaee
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Regenerative Medicine Program, Spinal Cord Research Centre, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
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11
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Shchendrigina AA, Zhbanov KA, Privalova EV, Iusupova AO, Bytdaeva AH, Danilogorskaya YA, Zheleznykh EA, Suvorov AY, Zektser VY, Mnatsakanyan MG, Lyapidevskaya OV, Khabarova NV, Naymann YI, Belenkov YN, Starostina ES. [Circulating Neuregulin-1 and Chronic Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 60:1222. [PMID: 33487159 DOI: 10.18087/cardio.2020.11.n1222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Chronic heart failure (CHF) with preserved ejection fraction (CHFpEF) is an unsolved, socially relevant challenge since it is associated with a high level of morbidity and mortality. Early markers for this pathology are unavailable, and therapeutic approaches are undeveloped. This necessitates extensive studying the mechanisms of CHFpEF to identify therapeutic targets. According to current notions, systemic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction play an important role in the pathogenesis of CHFpEF. These processes induce the development of myocardial fibrosis and impairment of cardiomyocyte relaxation, thereby resulting in diastolic dysfunction and increased left ventricular (LV) filling pressure. Neuregulin-1 (NRG-1) is a paracrine growth factor and a natural agonist of ErbB receptor family synthesized in the endothelium of coronary microvessels. The NRG-1 / ErbB4 system of the heart is activated at early stages of CHFpEF to enhance the cardiomyocyte resistance to oxidative stress. Preclinical and clinical (phases II and III) studies have shown that the recombinant NRG-1 therapy results in improvement of myocardial contractility and in LV reverse remodeling. Results of recent studies suggest possible anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic effects of NRG-1, which warrants studying the activity of this system in patients with CHFpEF.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Shchendrigina
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow
| | - K A Zhbanov
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow
| | - E V Privalova
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow
| | - A O Iusupova
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow
| | - A H Bytdaeva
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow
| | - Yu A Danilogorskaya
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow
| | - E A Zheleznykh
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow
| | | | - V Yu Zektser
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow
| | - M G Mnatsakanyan
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow
| | - O V Lyapidevskaya
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow
| | - N V Khabarova
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow
| | - Yu I Naymann
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow
| | - Yu N Belenkov
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow
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12
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Yoo JY, Kim HB, Yoo SY, Yoo HI, Song DY, Baik TK, Lee JH, Woo RS. Neuregulin 1/ErbB4 signaling attenuates neuronal cell damage under oxygen-glucose deprivation in primary hippocampal neurons. Anat Cell Biol 2019; 52:462-468. [PMID: 31949986 PMCID: PMC6952697 DOI: 10.5115/acb.19.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The hippocampus is one of the most important brain areas of cognition. This region is particularly sensitive to hypoxia and ischemia. Neuregulin-1 (NRG1) has been shown to be able to protect against focal cerebral ischemia. The aim of the present study was to investigate the neuroprotective effect of NRG1 in primary hippocampal neurons and its underlying mechanism. Our data showed oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)-induced cytotoxicity and overexpression of ErbB4 in primary hippocampal neurons. Moreover, pretreatment with NRG1 could inhibit OGD-induced overexpression of ErbB4. In addition, NRG1 significantly attenuated neuronal death induced by OGD. The neuroprotective effect of NRG1 was blocked in ischemic neurons after pretreatment with AG1478, an inhibitor of ErbB4, but not after pretreatment with AG879, an inhibitor of ErbB2. These results indicate an important role of ErbB4 in NRG1-mediated neuroprotection, suggesting that endogenous ErbB4 might serve as a valuable therapeutic target for treating global cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Young Yoo
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Eulji University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Han-Byeol Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Eulji University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seung-Yeon Yoo
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Eulji University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hong-Il Yoo
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Eulji University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Dae-Yong Song
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Eulji University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Tai-Kyoung Baik
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Eulji University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jun-Ho Lee
- Department of Emergency Medical Technology, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ran-Sook Woo
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Eulji University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
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13
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Li F, Liu WC, Wang Q, Sun Y, Wang H, Jin X. NG2-glia cell proliferation and differentiation by glial growth factor 2 (GGF2), a strategy to promote functional recovery after ischemic stroke. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 171:113720. [PMID: 31751533 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.113720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is the leading cause of adult disability. Spontaneous functional recovery occurs after ischemic stroke, but it is very limited. Therefore, it is urgent to find a strategy to promote functional recovery after stroke in clinical setting. Gray matter damage has received extensive attention owing to the important roles of the gray matter in synaptic plasticity, cognitive, and motor function. However, stroke also causes white matter damage, which accounts for half of the infarct volume and can be aggravated by blood brain barrier damage. Disruption of white matter integrity, which is characterized by death of oligodendrocytes (OLs), loss of myelin, and axonal injury, greatly contributes to impaired neurological function. Impaired proliferation and differentiation of OL precursor cell (OPC, NG2-glia cells) play an important role in limited functional recovery after ischemic stroke and inhibitor of differentiation 2 (ID2) is a key factor controlling NG2-glia cells differentiation. It has been reported that the number of NG2-glia cells in the peri-infarction area significantly increases after ischemic stroke and glial growth factor (GGF2) administration promotes the proliferation and differentiation of NG2-glia cells as well as functional recovery after spinal cord injury. On the basis of the important roles of GGF2 in functional recovery and those of ID2 in NG2-glia cell proliferation and differentiation, we propose that after binding with the ErBb receptor on the surface of NG2-glia cells, GGF2 promotes NG2-glia cell proliferation and differentiation, thereby repairing BBB and white matter integrity and promoting neural functional recovery after ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Wen-Cao Liu
- Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Yanyun Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuro-Psychiatry Research and Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China.
| | - Hongbo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, China.
| | - Xinchun Jin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuro-Psychiatry Research and Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, China.
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14
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NRG1-ErbB4 signaling promotes functional recovery in a murine model of traumatic brain injury via regulation of GABA release. Exp Brain Res 2019; 237:3351-3362. [PMID: 31720762 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-019-05680-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a serious health problem in the world. However, little is known about the pathogenesis and molecular mechanisms of TBI. Here, we show that TBI activates neuregulin 1 (NRG1)-ErbB4 signaling, with an increased expression of NRG1 and ErbB4 in the traumatic region. Specifically knocking out ErbB4 in parvalbumin-positive (PV+) interneurons exacerbates motor function deficits in mice after TBI. Consistently, PV-ErbB4-/- mice showed larger necrotic area and more edema when compared with PV-ErbB4+/+ mice. Replenishment of NRG1 through intranasal application of the recombinant protein in PV-ErbB4+/+ mice enhanced neurological function. Moreover, using an in vitro neuronal culture system, we found that NRG1-ErbB4 signaling protects neurons from glutamate-induced death, and such protective effects could be diminished by GABA receptor antagonist. These results indicate that NRG-ErbB4 signaling protects cortical neurons from TBI-induced damage, and such effect is probably mediated by promoting GABA activity. Taken together, these findings unveil a previously unappreciated role for NRG1-ErB4 signaling in preventing neuronal cell death during functional recovery after TBI.
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15
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De Keulenaer GW, Feyen E, Dugaucquier L, Shakeri H, Shchendrygina A, Belenkov YN, Brink M, Vermeulen Z, Segers VFM. Mechanisms of the Multitasking Endothelial Protein NRG-1 as a Compensatory Factor During Chronic Heart Failure. Circ Heart Fail 2019; 12:e006288. [DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.119.006288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Heart failure is a complex syndrome whose phenotypic presentation and disease progression depends on a complex network of adaptive and maladaptive responses. One of these responses is the endothelial release of NRG (neuregulin)-1—a paracrine growth factor activating ErbB2 (erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog B2), ErbB3, and ErbB4 receptor tyrosine kinases on various targets cells. NRG-1 features a multitasking profile tuning regenerative, inflammatory, fibrotic, and metabolic processes. Here, we review the activities of NRG-1 on different cell types and organs and their implication for heart failure progression and its comorbidities. Although, in general, effects of NRG-1 in heart failure are compensatory and beneficial, translation into therapies remains unaccomplished both because of the complexity of the underlying pathways and because of the challenges in the development of therapeutics (proteins, peptides, small molecules, and RNA-based therapies) for tyrosine kinase receptors. Here, we give an overview of the complexity to be faced and how it may be tackled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilles W. De Keulenaer
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, University of Antwerp, Belgium (G.W.D.K., E.F., L.D., H.S., Z.V., V.F.M.S.)
- Department of Cardiology, ZNA Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium (G.W.D.K.)
| | - Eline Feyen
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, University of Antwerp, Belgium (G.W.D.K., E.F., L.D., H.S., Z.V., V.F.M.S.)
| | - Lindsey Dugaucquier
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, University of Antwerp, Belgium (G.W.D.K., E.F., L.D., H.S., Z.V., V.F.M.S.)
| | - Hadis Shakeri
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, University of Antwerp, Belgium (G.W.D.K., E.F., L.D., H.S., Z.V., V.F.M.S.)
| | - Anastasia Shchendrygina
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation (A.S., Y.N.B.)
| | - Yury N. Belenkov
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation (A.S., Y.N.B.)
| | - Marijke Brink
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland (M.B.)
| | - Zarha Vermeulen
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, University of Antwerp, Belgium (G.W.D.K., E.F., L.D., H.S., Z.V., V.F.M.S.)
| | - Vincent F. M. Segers
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, University of Antwerp, Belgium (G.W.D.K., E.F., L.D., H.S., Z.V., V.F.M.S.)
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium (V.F.M.S.)
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16
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Ryu S, Lee JM, Bae CA, Moon CE, Cho KO. Therapeutic efficacy of neuregulin 1-expressing human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells for ischemic stroke. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0222587. [PMID: 31560696 PMCID: PMC6764745 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AdMSCs) have been reported to ameliorate neurological deficits after acute ischemic stroke. As neuregulin 1 (NRG1, or heregulin 1), a growth factor with versatile functions in the central nervous system, has demonstrated protective effects against ischemic brain injuries, we have generated NRG1-overexpressing AdMSCs in order to investigate whether NRG1-AdMSCs could enhance therapeutic benefits of AdMSCs in ischemic stroke. After AdMSCs were infected with adenoviral NRG1, increased NRG1 secretion in NRG1-AdMSCs was confirmed with ELISA. At 1 d after ischemic stroke that was induced by the occlusion of middle cerebral artery (MCAo) for 60 min in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats, adenoviral NRG1, AdMSCs, NRG1-AdMSCs, or PBS were injected into the striatum and serial neurologic examinations were performed. Administration of NRG1-AdMSCs resulted in significant improvement of functional outcome following stroke compared to AdMSCs- or adenoviral NRG1-treated group, in addition to the reduction in the infarct size evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin staining. When NRG1 expression in the brain was examined by double immunofluorescence to human nuclei (HuNu)/NRG1 and ELISA, NRG1-AdMSCs demonstrated marked increase in NRG1 expression. Moreover, western blot analysis further showed that transplantation of NRG1-AdMSCs significantly increased both endogenous and adenoviral NRG1 expression compared to AdMSCs-treated group. To elucidate molecular mechanisms, NRG1-associated downstream molecules were evaluated by western blot analysis. Expression of ErbB4, a receptor for NRG1, was markedly increased by NRG1-AdMSCs administration, in addition to pMAPK and pAkt, crucial molecules of NRG1-ErbB4 signaling. Taken together, our data suggest that NRG1-AdMSCs can provide excellent therapeutic potential in ischemic stroke by activating NRG1-ErbB4 signaling network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Ryu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae-Min Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
- Catholic Neuroscience Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Cheong A. Bae
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
- Catholic Neuroscience Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chae-Eun Moon
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Ok Cho
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
- Catholic Neuroscience Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
- Institute of Aging and Metabolic Diseases, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
- * E-mail:
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17
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Nrg1 Intracellular Signaling Is Neuroprotective upon Stroke. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:3930186. [PMID: 31583038 PMCID: PMC6754950 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3930186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The schizophrenia risk gene NRG1 controls the formation of excitatory and inhibitory synapses in cortical circuits. While the expression of different NRG1 isoforms occurs during development, adult neurons primarily express the CRD-NRG1 isoform characterized by a highly conserved intracellular domain (NRG1-ICD). We and others have demonstrated that Nrg1 intracellular signaling promotes dendrite elongation and excitatory connections during neuronal development. However, the role of Nrg1 intracellular signaling in adult neurons and pathological conditions remains largely unaddressed. Here, we investigated the role of Nrg1 intracellular signaling in neuroprotection and stroke. Our bioinformatic analysis revealed the evolutionary conservation of the NRG1-ICD and a decrease in NRG1 expression with age in the human frontal cortex. Hence, we first evaluated whether Nrg1 signaling may affect pathological hallmarks in an in vitro model of neuronal senescence; however, our data failed to reveal a role for Nrg1 in the activation of the stress-related pathway p38 MAPK and DNA damage. Previous studies demonstrated that the soluble EGF domain of Nrg1 alleviated brain ischemia, a pathological process involving the generation of free radicals, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and excitotoxicity. Hence, we tested the hypothesis that Nrg1 intracellular signaling could be neuroprotective in stroke. We discovered that Nrg1 expression significantly increased neuronal survival upon oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD), an established in vitro model for stroke. Notably, the specific activation of Nrg1 intracellular signaling by expression of the Nrg1-ICD protected neurons from OGD. Additionally, time-lapse experiments confirmed that Nrg1 intracellular signaling increased the survival of neurons exposed to OGD. Finally, we investigated the relevance of Nrg1 intracellular signaling in stroke in vivo. Using viral vectors, we expressed the Nrg1-ICD in cortical neurons and subsequently challenged them by a focal hemorrhagic stroke; our data indicated that Nrg1 intracellular signaling improved neuronal survival in the infarcted area. Altogether, these data highlight Nrg1 intracellular signaling as neuroprotective upon ischemic lesion both in vitro and in vivo. Given the complexity of the neurotoxic effects of stroke and the involvement of various mechanisms, such as the generation of ROS, excitotoxicity, and inflammation, further studies are required to determine the molecular bases of the neuroprotective effect of Nrg1 intracellular signaling. In conclusion, our research highlights the stimulation of Nrg1 intracellular signaling as a promising target for cortical stroke treatment.
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18
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Kang M, Yao Y. Oligodendrocytes in intracerebral hemorrhage. CNS Neurosci Ther 2019; 25:1075-1084. [PMID: 31410988 PMCID: PMC6776757 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a cerebrovascular disorder with high mortality and disability rates. Although a lot of effort has been put in ICH, there is still no effective treatment for this devastating disease. Recent studies suggest that oligodendrocytes play an important role in brain repair after ICH and thus may be targeted for the therapies of ICH. Here in this review, we first introduce the origin, migration, proliferation, differentiation, and myelination of oligodendrocytes under physiological condition. Second, recent findings on how ICH affects oligodendrocyte biology and function are reviewed. Third, potential crosstalk between oligodendrocytes and other cells in the brain is also summarized. Last, we discuss the therapeutic potential of oligodendrocyte‐based treatments in ICH. Our goal is to provide a comprehensive review on the biology and function of oligodendrocytes under both physiological and ICH conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minkyung Kang
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Yao Yao
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
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19
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Noll JM, Li Y, Distel TJ, Ford GD, Ford BD. Neuroprotection by Exogenous and Endogenous Neuregulin-1 in Mouse Models of Focal Ischemic Stroke. J Mol Neurosci 2019; 69:333-342. [PMID: 31290093 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-019-01362-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Identifying novel neuroprotectants that can halt or reverse the neurological effects of stroke is of interest to both clinicians and scientists. We and others previously showed the pre-clinical neuroprotective efficacy of neuregulin-1 (NRG-1) in rats following focal brain ischemia. In this study, we examined neuroprotection by exogenous and endogenous NRG-1 using a mouse model of ischemic stroke. C57BL6 mice were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) followed by reperfusion. NRG-1 or vehicle was infused intra-arterially (i.a.) or intravenously (i.v.) after MCAO and before the onset of reperfusion. NRG-1 treatment (16 μg/kg; i.a.) reduced cerebral cortical infarct volume by 72% in mice when delivered post-ischemia. NRG-1 also inhibited neuronal injury as measured by Fluoro Jade B labeling and rescued NeuN immunoreactivity in neurons. Neuroprotection by NRG-1 was also observed in mice when administered i.v. (100 μg/kg) in both male and female mice. We investigated whether endogenous NRG-1 was neuroprotective using male and female heterozygous NRG-1 knockout mice (NRG-1+/-) compared with wild-type mice (WT) littermates. NRG-1+/- and WT mice were subjected to MCAO for 45 min, and infarct size was measured 24 h following MCAO. NRG-1+/- mice displayed a sixfold increase in cortical infarct size compared with WT mice. These results demonstrate that NRG-1 treatment mitigates neuronal damage following cerebral ischemia. We further showed that reduced endogenous NRG-1 results in exacerbated neuronal injury in vivo. These findings suggest that NRG-1 represents a promising therapy to treat stroke in human patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M Noll
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California - Riverside School of Medicine, 900 University Ave., Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Yonggang Li
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California - Riverside School of Medicine, 900 University Ave., Riverside, CA, 92521, USA.,ICF, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
| | - Timothy J Distel
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California - Riverside School of Medicine, 900 University Ave., Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Gregory D Ford
- Fort Valley State University, 1005 State University Dr., Fort Valley, GA, 31030, USA
| | - Byron D Ford
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California - Riverside School of Medicine, 900 University Ave., Riverside, CA, 92521, USA.
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20
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Kataria H, Alizadeh A, Karimi-Abdolrezaee S. Neuregulin-1/ErbB network: An emerging modulator of nervous system injury and repair. Prog Neurobiol 2019; 180:101643. [PMID: 31229498 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2019.101643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Neuregulin-1 (Nrg-1) is a member of the Neuregulin family of growth factors with essential roles in the developing and adult nervous system. Six different types of Nrg-1 (Nrg-1 type I-VI) and over 30 isoforms have been discovered; however, their specific roles are not fully determined. Nrg-1 signals through a complex network of protein-tyrosine kinase receptors, ErbB2, ErbB3, ErbB4 and multiple intracellular pathways. Genetic and pharmacological studies of Nrg-1 and ErbB receptors have identified a critical role for Nrg-1/ErbB network in neurodevelopment including neuronal migration, neural differentiation, myelination as well as formation of synapses and neuromuscular junctions. Nrg-1 signaling is best known for its characterized role in development and repair of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) due to its essential role in Schwann cell development, survival and myelination. However, our knowledge of the impact of Nrg-1/ErbB on the central nervous system (CNS) has emerged in recent years. Ongoing efforts have uncovered a multi-faceted role for Nrg-1 in regulating CNS injury and repair processes. In this review, we provide a timely overview of the most recent updates on Nrg-1 signaling and its role in nervous system injury and diseases. We will specifically highlight the emerging role of Nrg-1 in modulating the glial and immune responses and its capacity to foster neuroprotection and remyelination in CNS injury. Nrg-1/ErbB network is a key regulatory pathway in the developing nervous system; therefore, unraveling its role in neuropathology and repair can aid in development of new therapeutic approaches for nervous system injuries and associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hardeep Kataria
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Regenerative Medicine Program, Spinal Cord Research Centre, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Arsalan Alizadeh
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Regenerative Medicine Program, Spinal Cord Research Centre, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Soheila Karimi-Abdolrezaee
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Regenerative Medicine Program, Spinal Cord Research Centre, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
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21
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Ren L, Wei C, Li K, Lu Z. LncRNA MALAT1 up-regulates VEGF-A and ANGPT2 to promote angiogenesis in brain microvascular endothelial cells against oxygen-glucose deprivation via targetting miR-145. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20180226. [PMID: 30038058 PMCID: PMC6400790 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20180226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and long-term disability around the world. Angiogenesis is supposed to protect brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) from oxidative and ischemic stress. Previous studies indicated that interaction between metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) and miR-145 was involved in myocardial ischemia reperfusion, suggesting MALAT1 and miR-145 were also mediated with the progress of angiogenesis and cell migration in oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)-induced BMECs. The present study aimed to investigate the functional roles of MALAT1 in regulating miR-145 and its downstream pro-angiogenesis factors, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A and Angiopoietin-2 (ANGPT2) during the progress of angiogenesis in OGD-induced BMECs. An in vitro OGD model was employed in mouse BMECs to mimic brain hypoxic and ischemic conditions; MTT was used to determine cell viability. qRT-PCR was used to determine the expression of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)-MALAT1 and miR-145 under OGD conditions; in vitro tube formation assay was used to investigate angiogenic effect of MALAT1 and miR-145 The relationship between lncRNA-MALAT1/miR-145 and miR-145/VEGF-A/ANGPT2 was evaluated by qRT-PCR and Western blot, and direct binding was assessed using dual luciferase assay. Results showed that the levels of lncRNA-MALAT1 and miR-145 were up-regulated in OGD-induced BMECs. miR-145 functioned as an anti-angiogenic and pro-apoptotic factor in OGD treated BMECs via down-regulating VEGF-A and ANGPT2 directly. While lncRNA-MALAT1 enhanced the expressions of VEGF-A and ANGPT2 by targetting miR-145 to promote angiogenesis and proliferation of BMECs under OGD conditions. Our present study revealed the inhibitory functions of miR-145 on angiogenesis through direct targetting on VEGF-A and ANGPT2 for the first time and proved the protective role of lncRNA-MALAT1 for BMECs under OGD conditions through the direct regulation of miR-145.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanfen Ren
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, P.R. China
| | - Chunxia Wei
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, P.R. China
| | - Kui Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, P.R. China
| | - Zuneng Lu
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, P.R. China
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22
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Ju J, Liu L, Zhang Y, Zhou Q. Effect of age onset on schizophrenia-like phenotypes and underlying mechanisms in model mice. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2019; 89:465-474. [PMID: 30025793 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2018.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
In humans, schizophrenia with onset in adolescence or adult has distinct features. To understand whether schizophrenia with either adolescence- or adult-onset have distinct phenotypes and cellular mechanisms in schizophrenia model mice, we altered Nrg1 signaling during either adolescence or adult mice via injection of anti-Nrg1 antibodies. We found that in either early-onset schizophrenia (EOS)- or late-onset schizophrenia (LOS)-like mice, certain behavior phenotypes are shared including hyperlocomotion, impaired working memory and impaired fear conditioning. Anxiety appears to be largely unaffected. In vitro electrophysiology in brain slices showed altered excitation/inhibition balance in EOS-like mice towards enhanced synaptic excitation, but intrinsic excitability of the fast-spiking GABAergic neurons was elevated in the LOS-like mice. Thus, although schizophrenia-like main phenotypes appear to be preserved in both age onset model mice, there are distinct differences in cellular mechanisms between them. We suggest that these differences are important for more precise diagnosis and more effective treatment of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ju
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Luping Liu
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China.
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Xue WK, Zhao WJ, Meng XH, Shen HF, Huang PZ. Spinal cord injury induced Neuregulin 1 signaling changes in mouse prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. Brain Res Bull 2019; 144:180-186. [PMID: 30529367 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Wang S, Li Y, Paudyal R, Ford BD, Zhang X. Evaluation of neuregulin-1's neuroprotection against ischemic injury in rats using diffusion tensor imaging. Magn Reson Imaging 2018; 53:63-70. [PMID: 30021123 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is a devastating neurovascular disorder that results in damage to neurons and white matter tracts. It has been previously demonstrated that neuregulin-1 (NRG-1) protects neurons from ischemic injury following stroke. Here, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was utilized to characterize the effects of NRG-1 treatment on cererbral infarction and integrity of white matter after ischemic insult using a permanent middle celebral artery occlusion (pMCAo) rat model. In the present study, sixteen Sprague-Dawley rats underwent pMCAo surgery and received either a single intra-arterial bolus (20 μg/kg) dose of NRG-1 or saline immediately prior to pMCAo. MRI including T2-weighted imaging and DTI was performed in the first 3 h post stroke, and repeated 48 h later. It is found that the stroke infarction was significantly reduced in the NRG-1 treated group. Also, NRG-1 prevented the reduction of fractional anisotropy (FA) in white matter tracts of fornix and corpus callosum (CC), indicating its protection of CC and fornix white matter bundles from ischemia insult. As a conclusion, the present DTI results demonstrate that NRG-1 has significantly neuroprotective effects in both cerebral cortex and white matter including corpus callosum and fornix during acute stroke. In particular, NRG-1 is more effective on stroke lesion with mild ischemia. As CC and fornix white matter bundles play critical roles in transcallosal connectivity and hippocampal projections respectively in the central nervous system, the findings could provide complementary information for better understanding the biological mechanism of NRG-1's neuroprotection in ischemic tissues and neurobehavioral effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silun Wang
- Yerkes Imaging Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, 954 Gatewood Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Yonggang Li
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California-Riverside School of Medicine, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Ramesh Paudyal
- Yerkes Imaging Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, 954 Gatewood Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Byron D Ford
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California-Riverside School of Medicine, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Yerkes Imaging Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, 954 Gatewood Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; Division of Neuropharmacology and Neurologic Diseases, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
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25
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Surles-Zeigler MC, Li Y, Distel TJ, Omotayo H, Ge S, Ford BD. Transcriptomic analysis of neuregulin-1 regulated genes following ischemic stroke by computational identification of promoter binding sites: A role for the ETS-1 transcription factor. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0197092. [PMID: 29856744 PMCID: PMC5983438 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0197092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a major cause of mortality in the United States. We previously showed that neuregulin-1 (NRG1) was neuroprotective in rat models of ischemic stroke. We used gene expression profiling to understand the early cellular and molecular mechanisms of NRG1's effects after the induction of ischemia. Ischemic stroke was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Rats were allocated to 3 groups: (1) control, (2) MCAO and (3) MCAO + NRG1. Cortical brain tissues were collected three hours following MCAO and NRG1 treatment and subjected to microarray analysis. Data and statistical analyses were performed using R/Bioconductor platform alongside Genesis, Ingenuity Pathway Analysis and Enrichr software packages. There were 2693 genes differentially regulated following ischemia and NRG1 treatment. These genes were organized by expression patterns into clusters using a K-means clustering algorithm. We further analyzed genes in clusters where ischemia altered gene expression, which was reversed by NRG1 (clusters 4 and 10). NRG1, IRS1, OPA3, and POU6F1 were central linking (node) genes in cluster 4. Conserved Transcription Factor Binding Site Finder (CONFAC) identified ETS-1 as a potential transcriptional regulator of NRG1 suppressed genes following ischemia. A transcription factor activity array showed that ETS-1 activity was increased 2-fold, 3 hours following ischemia and this activity was attenuated by NRG1. These findings reveal key early transcriptional mechanisms associated with neuroprotection by NRG1 in the ischemic penumbra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique C. Surles-Zeigler
- Department of Neurobiology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Yonggang Li
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of California–Riverside School of Medicine, Riverside, California, United States of America
- ICF, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Timothy J. Distel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of California–Riverside School of Medicine, Riverside, California, United States of America
| | - Hakeem Omotayo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of California–Riverside School of Medicine, Riverside, California, United States of America
| | - Shaokui Ge
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of California–Riverside School of Medicine, Riverside, California, United States of America
| | - Byron D. Ford
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of California–Riverside School of Medicine, Riverside, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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26
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Simats A, García-Berrocoso T, Ramiro L, Giralt D, Gill N, Penalba A, Bustamante A, Rosell A, Montaner J. Characterization of the rat cerebrospinal fluid proteome following acute cerebral ischemia using an aptamer-based proteomic technology. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7899. [PMID: 29784938 PMCID: PMC5962600 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26237-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The limited accessibility to the brain has turned the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) into a valuable source that may contribute to the complete understanding of the stroke pathophysiology. Here we have described the CSF proteome in the hyper-acute phase of cerebral ischemia by performing an aptamer-based proteomic assay (SOMAscan) in CSF samples collected before and 30 min after male Wistar rats had undergone a 90 min Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion (MCAO) or sham-surgery. Proteomic results indicated that cerebral ischemia acutely increased the CSF levels of 716 proteins, mostly overrepresented in leukocyte chemotaxis and neuronal death processes. Seven promising candidates were further evaluated in rat plasma and brain (CKB, CaMK2A, CaMK2B, CaMK2D, PDXP, AREG, CMPK). The 3 CaMK2 family-members and CMPK early decreased in the infarcted brain area and, together with AREG, co-localized with neurons. Conversely, CKB levels remained consistent after the insult and specifically matched with astrocytes. Further exploration of these candidates in human plasma revealed the potential of CKB and CMPK to diagnose stroke, while CaMK2B and CMPK resulted feasible biomarkers of functional stroke outcome. Our findings provided insights into the CSF proteome following cerebral ischemia and identified new outstanding proteins that might be further considered as potential biomarkers of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Simats
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa García-Berrocoso
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Ramiro
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dolors Giralt
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natalia Gill
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Penalba
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alejandro Bustamante
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Rosell
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Montaner
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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Liu M, Solomon W, Cespedes JC, Wilson NO, Ford B, Stiles JK. Neuregulin-1 attenuates experimental cerebral malaria (ECM) pathogenesis by regulating ErbB4/AKT/STAT3 signaling. J Neuroinflammation 2018; 15:104. [PMID: 29636063 PMCID: PMC5894207 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-018-1147-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human cerebral malaria (HCM) is a severe form of malaria characterized by sequestration of infected erythrocytes (IRBCs) in brain microvessels, increased levels of circulating free heme and pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, brain swelling, vascular dysfunction, coma, and increased mortality. Neuregulin-1β (NRG-1) encoded by the gene NRG1, is a member of a family of polypeptide growth factors required for normal development of the nervous system and the heart. Utilizing an experimental cerebral malaria (ECM) model (Plasmodium berghei ANKA in C57BL/6), we reported that NRG-1 played a cytoprotective role in ECM and that circulating levels were inversely correlated with ECM severity. Intravenous infusion of NRG-1 reduced ECM mortality in mice by promoting a robust anti-inflammatory response coupled with reduction in accumulation of IRBCs in microvessels and reduced tissue damage. Methods In the current study, we examined how NRG-1 treatment attenuates pathogenesis and mortality associated with ECM. We examined whether NRG-1 protects against CXCL10- and heme-induced apoptosis using human brain microvascular endothelial (hCMEC/D3) cells and M059K neuroglial cells. hCMEC/D3 cells grown in a monolayer and a co-culture system with 30 μM heme and NRG-1 (100 ng/ml) were used to examine the role of NRG-1 on blood brain barrier (BBB) integrity. Using the in vivo ECM model, we examined whether the reduction of mortality was associated with the activation of ErbB4 and AKT and inactivation of STAT3 signaling pathways. For data analysis, unpaired t test or one-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s or Bonferroni’s post test was applied. Results We determined that NRG-1 protects against cell death/apoptosis of human brain microvascular endothelial cells and neroglial cells, the two major components of BBB. NRG-1 treatment improved heme-induced disruption of the in vitro BBB model consisting of hCMEC/D3 and human M059K cells. In the ECM murine model, NRG-1 treatment stimulated ErbB4 phosphorylation (pErbB4) followed by activation of AKT and inactivation of STAT3, which attenuated ECM mortality. Conclusions Our results indicate a potential pathway by which NRG-1 treatment maintains BBB integrity in vitro, attenuates ECM-induced tissue injury, and reduces mortality. Furthermore, we postulate that augmenting NRG-1 during ECM therapy may be an effective adjunctive therapy to reduce CNS tissue injury and potentially increase the effectiveness of current anti-malaria therapy against human cerebral malaria (HCM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingli Liu
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, 720 Westview Drive SW, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA.
| | - Wesley Solomon
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, 720 Westview Drive SW, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA
| | - Juan Carlos Cespedes
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, 720 Westview Drive SW, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA
| | - Nana O Wilson
- Fogarty Global Health Fellow (UJMT), Morehouse School of Medicine, 720 Westview Drive SW, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA
| | - Byron Ford
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California-Riverside School of Medicine, 900 University Ave, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Jonathan K Stiles
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, 720 Westview Drive SW, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA.
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28
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Shim JW, Madsen JR. VEGF Signaling in Neurological Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19010275. [PMID: 29342116 PMCID: PMC5796221 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 01/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a potent growth factor playing diverse roles in vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. In the brain, VEGF mediates angiogenesis, neural migration and neuroprotection. As a permeability factor, excessive VEGF disrupts intracellular barriers, increases leakage of the choroid plexus endothelia, evokes edema, and activates the inflammatory pathway. Recently, we discovered that a heparin binding epidermal growth factor like growth factor (HB-EGF)—a class of EGF receptor (EGFR) family ligands—contributes to the development of hydrocephalus with subarachnoid hemorrhage through activation of VEGF signaling. The objective of this review is to entail a recent update on causes of death due to neurological disorders involving cerebrovascular and age-related neurological conditions and to understand the mechanism by which angiogenesis-dependent pathological events can be treated with VEGF antagonisms. The Global Burden of Disease study indicates that cancer and cardiovascular disease including ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke are two leading causes of death worldwide. The literature suggests that VEGF signaling in ischemic brains highlights the importance of concentration, timing, and alternate route of modulating VEGF signaling pathway. Molecular targets distinguishing two distinct pathways of VEGF signaling may provide novel therapies for the treatment of neurological disorders and for maintaining lower mortality due to these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon W Shim
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
| | - Joseph R Madsen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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29
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Farkas JE, Monaghan JR. A brief history of the study of nerve dependent regeneration. NEUROGENESIS 2017; 4:e1302216. [PMID: 28459075 DOI: 10.1080/23262133.2017.1302216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Revised: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Nerve dependence is a phenomenon observed across a stunning array of species and tissues. From zebrafish to fetal mice to humans, research across various animal models has shown that nerves are critical for the support of tissue repair and regeneration. Although the study of this phenomenon has persisted for centuries, largely through research conducted in salamanders, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of nerve dependence remain poorly-understood. Here we highlight the near-ubiquity and clinical relevance of vertebrate nerve dependence while providing a timeline of its study and an overview of recent advancements toward understanding the mechanisms behind this process. In presenting a brief history of the research of nerve dependence, we provide both historical and modern context to our recent work on nerve dependent limb regeneration in the Mexican axolotl.
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30
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Gu N, Ge K, Hao C, Ji Y, Li H, Guo Y. Neuregulin1β Effects on Brain Tissue via ERK5-Dependent MAPK Pathway in a Rat Model of Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. J Mol Neurosci 2017; 61:607-616. [PMID: 28265860 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-017-0902-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Neuregulin1β (NRG1β), a member of the excitomotor of tyrosine kinase receptor (erbB) family, was recently shown to play a neuroprotective role in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. The present study analyzed the effects and its possible signaling pathway of NRG1β on brain tissues after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. A focal cerebral ischemic model was established by inserting a monofilament thread to achieve middle cerebral artery occlusion, followed by an NRG1β injection via the internal carotid artery. NRG1β injection resulted in significantly improved neurobehavioral activity according to the modified neurological severity score test. Tetrazolium chloridestaining revealed a smaller cerebral infarction volume; hematoxylin-eosin staining and transmission electron microscopy showed significantly alleviated neurodegeneration in the middle cerebral artery occlusion rats. Moreover, expression of phosphorylated MEK5, phosphorylated ERK5, and phosphorylated MEK2C increased after NRG1β treatment, and the neuroprotective effect of NRG1β was attenuated by an injection of the MEK5 inhibitor, BIX02189. Results from the present study demonstrate that NRG1β provides neuroprotection following cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury via the ERK5-dependent MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Gu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China.,Institute of Integrated Medicine, Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Keli Ge
- Institute of Integrated Medicine, Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Cui Hao
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yaqing Ji
- Institute of Integrated Medicine, Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Hongyun Li
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
| | - Yunliang Guo
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
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31
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Parry TJ, Ganguly A, Troy EL, Luis Guerrero J, Iaci JF, Srinivas M, Vecchione AM, Button DC, Hackett CS, Zolty R, Sawyer DB, Caggiano AO. Effects of neuregulin GGF2 (cimaglermin alfa) dose and treatment frequency on left ventricular function in rats following myocardial infarction. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 796:76-89. [PMID: 27993643 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Neuregulins are important growth factors involved in cardiac development and response to stress. Certain isoforms and fragments of neuregulin have been found to be cardioprotective. The effects of a full-length neuregulin-1β isoform, glial growth factor 2 (GGF2; USAN/INN; also called cimaglermin) were investigated in vitro. Various dosing regimens were then evaluated for their effects on left ventricular (LV) function in rats with surgically-induced myocardial infarction. In vitro, GGF2 bound with high affinity to erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene (ErbB) 4 receptors, potently promoted Akt phosphorylation, as well as reduced cell death following doxorubicin exposure in HL1 cells. Daily GGF2 treatment beginning 7-14 days after left anterior descending coronary artery ligation produced improvements in LV ejection fraction and other measures of LV function and morphology. The improvements in LV function (e.g. 10% point increase in absolute LV ejection fraction) with GGF2 were dose-dependent. LV performance was substantially improved when GGF2 treatment was delivered infrequently, despite a serum half-life of less than 2h and could be maintained for more than 10 months with treatment once weekly or once every 2 weeks. These studies confirm previous findings that GGF2 may improve contractile performance in the failing rat heart and that infrequent exposure to GGF2 may improve LV function and impact remodeling in the failing myocardium. GGF2 is now being developed for the treatment of heart failure in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom J Parry
- Acorda Therapeutics, Inc., 420 Saw Mill River Rd, Ardsley, NY 10502, USA.
| | - Anindita Ganguly
- Acorda Therapeutics, Inc., 420 Saw Mill River Rd, Ardsley, NY 10502, USA.
| | - Erika L Troy
- Acorda Therapeutics, Inc., 420 Saw Mill River Rd, Ardsley, NY 10502, USA.
| | - J Luis Guerrero
- Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit St, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
| | - Jennifer F Iaci
- Acorda Therapeutics, Inc., 420 Saw Mill River Rd, Ardsley, NY 10502, USA.
| | - Maya Srinivas
- Acorda Therapeutics, Inc., 420 Saw Mill River Rd, Ardsley, NY 10502, USA.
| | - Andrea M Vecchione
- Acorda Therapeutics, Inc., 420 Saw Mill River Rd, Ardsley, NY 10502, USA.
| | - Donald C Button
- Acorda Therapeutics, Inc., 420 Saw Mill River Rd, Ardsley, NY 10502, USA.
| | - Craig S Hackett
- Acorda Therapeutics, Inc., 420 Saw Mill River Rd, Ardsley, NY 10502, USA.
| | - Ronald Zolty
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, 982265 S 42nd St & Emile St, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
| | | | - Anthony O Caggiano
- Acorda Therapeutics, Inc., 420 Saw Mill River Rd, Ardsley, NY 10502, USA.
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32
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Regulation of inflammatory responses by neuregulin-1 in brain ischemia and microglial cells in vitro involves the NF-kappa B pathway. J Neuroinflammation 2016; 13:237. [PMID: 27596278 PMCID: PMC5011915 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-016-0703-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We previously demonstrated that neuregulin-1 (NRG-1) was neuroprotective in rats following ischemic stroke. Neuroprotection by NRG-1 was associated with the suppression of pro-inflammatory gene expression in brain tissues. Over-activation of brain microglia can induce pro-inflammatory gene expression by activation of transcriptional regulators following stroke. Here, we examined how NRG-1 transcriptionally regulates inflammatory gene expression by computational bioinformatics and in vitro using microglial cells. Methods To identify transcriptional regulators involved in ischemia-induced inflammatory gene expression, rats were sacrificed 24 h after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and NRG-1 treatment. Gene expression profiles of brain tissues following ischemia and NRG-1 treatment were examined by microarray technology. The Conserved Transcription Factor-Binding Site Finder (CONFAC) bioinformatics software package was used to predict transcription factors associated with inflammatory genes induced following stroke and suppressed by NRG-1 treatment. NF-kappa B (NF-kB) was identified as a potential transcriptional regulator of NRG-1-suppressed genes following ischemia. The involvement of specific NF-kB subunits in NRG-1-mediated inflammatory responses was examined using N9 microglial cells pre-treated with NRG-1 (100 ng/ml) followed by lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 10 μg/ml) stimulation. The effects of NRG-1 on cytokine production were investigated using Luminex technology. The levels of the p65, p52, and RelB subunits of NF-kB and IkB-α were determined by western blot analysis and ELISA. Phosphorylation of IkB-α was investigated by ELISA. Results CONFAC identified 12 statistically over-represented transcription factor-binding sites (TFBS) in our dataset, including NF-kBP65. Using N9 microglial cells, we observed that NRG-1 significantly inhibited LPS-induced TNFα and IL-6 release. LPS increased the phosphorylation and degradation of IkB-α which was blocked by NRG-1. NRG-1 also prevented the nuclear translocation of the NF-kB p65 subunit following LPS administration. However, NRG-1 increased production of the neuroprotective cytokine granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and the nuclear translocation of the NF-kB p52 subunit, which is associated with the induction of anti-apoptotic and suppression of pro-inflammatory gene expression. Conclusions Neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of NRG-1 are associated with the differential regulation of NF-kB signaling pathways in microglia. Taken together, these findings suggest that NRG-1 may be a potential therapeutic treatment for treating stroke and other neuroinflammatory disorders.
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Jiang Q, Chen S, Hu C, Huang P, Shen H, Zhao W. Neuregulin-1 (Nrg1) signaling has a preventive role and is altered in the frontal cortex under the pathological conditions of Alzheimer's disease. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:2614-24. [PMID: 27486021 PMCID: PMC4991731 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), one of the neurodegenerative disorders that may develop in the elderly, is characterized by the deposition of β‑amyloid protein (Aβ) and extensive neuronal cell death in the brain. Neuregulin‑1 (Nrg1)‑mediated intercellular and intracellular communication via binding to ErbB receptors regulates a diverse set of biological processes involved in the development of the nervous system. In the present study, a linear correlation was identified between Nrg1 and phosphorylated ErbB (pNeu and pErbB4) receptors in a human cortical tissue microarray. In addition, increased expression levels of Nrg1, but reduced pErbB receptor levels, were detected in the frontal lobe of a patient with AD. Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining were subsequently performed to uncover the potential preventive role of Nrg1 in cortical neurons affected by the neurodegenerative processes of AD. It was observed that the expression of Nrg1 increased as the culture time of the cortical neurons progressed. In addition, H2O2 and Aβ1‑42, two inducers of oxidative stress and neuronal damage, led to a dose‑dependent decrease in Nrg1 expression. Recombinant Nrg1β, however, was revealed to exert a pivotal role in preventing oxidative stress and neuronal damage from occurring in the mouse cortical neurons. Taken together, these results suggest that changes in Nrg1 signaling may influence the pathological development of AD, and exogenous Nrg1 may serve as a potential candidate for the prevention and treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Weijiang Zhao
- Correspondence to: Professor Weijiang Zhao, Center for Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China, E-mail:
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YANG ZHAI, JIANG QIONG, CHEN SHUANGXI, HU CHENGLIANG, SHEN HUIFAN, HUANG PEIZHI, XU JUNPING, MEI JINPING, ZHANG BENPING, ZHAO WEIJIANG. Differential changes in Neuregulin-1 signaling in major brain regions in a lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation mouse model. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:790-6. [PMID: 27220549 PMCID: PMC4918623 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuregulin 1 (Nrg1) is involved in multiple biological processes in the nervous system. The present study investigated changes in Nrg1 signaling in the major brain regions of mice subjected to lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammation. At 24 h post‑intraperitoneal injection of LPS, mouse brain tissues, including tissues from the cortex, striatum, hippocampus and hypothalamus, were collected. Reverse transcription‑polymerase chain reaction was used to determine the expression of Nrg1 and its receptors, Neu and ErbB4, at the mRNA level. Western blotting was performed to determine the levels of these proteins and the protein levels of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinases (Erk)1/2 and Akt1. Immunohistochemical staining was utilized to detect the levels of pNeu and pErbB4 in these regions. LPS successfully induced sites of neuroinflammation in these regions, in which changes in Nrg1, Neu and ErbB4 at the mRNA and protein levels were identified compared with controls. LPS induced a reduction in pNeu and pErbB4 in the striatum and hypothalamus, although marginally increased pErbB4 levels were found in the hippocampus. LPS increased the overall phosphorylation of Src but this effect was reduced in the hypothalamus. Moreover, increased phosphorylation of Akt1 was found in the striatum and hippocampus. These data suggest diverse roles for Nrg1 signaling in these regions during the process of neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- ZHAI YANG
- Center for Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - QIONG JIANG
- Center for Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - SHUANG-XI CHEN
- Center for Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - CHENG-LIANG HU
- Center for Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - HUI-FAN SHEN
- Center for Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - PEI-ZHI HUANG
- Center for Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - JUN-PING XU
- Center for Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - JIN-PING MEI
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, P.R. China
| | - BEN-PING ZHANG
- Department of Neurology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - WEI-JIANG ZHAO
- Center for Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
- Correspondence to: Dr Wei-Jiang Zhao, Center for Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China, E-mail:
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Zhu SZ, Gu Y, Wu Z, Hu YF, Pan SY. Hypothermia followed by rapid rewarming exacerbates ischemia-induced brain injury and augments inflammatory response in rats. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 474:175-181. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.04.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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White TE, Surles-Zeigler MC, Ford GD, Gates AS, Davids B, Distel T, LaPlaca MC, Ford BD. Bilateral gene interaction hierarchy analysis of the cell death gene response emphasizes the significance of cell cycle genes following unilateral traumatic brain injury. BMC Genomics 2016; 17:130. [PMID: 26912237 PMCID: PMC4765060 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-2412-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Delayed or secondary cell death that is caused by a cascade of cellular and molecular processes initiated by traumatic brain injury (TBI) may be reduced or prevented if an effective neuroprotective strategy is employed. Microarray and subsequent bioinformatic analyses were used to determine which genes, pathways and networks were significantly altered 24 h after unilateral TBI in the rat. Ipsilateral hemi-brain, the corresponding contralateral hemi-brain, and naïve (control) brain tissue were used for microarray analysis. RESULTS Ingenuity Pathway Analysis showed cell death and survival (CD) to be a top molecular and cellular function associated with TBI on both sides of the brain. One major finding was that the overall gene expression pattern suggested an increase in CD genes in ipsilateral brain tissue and suppression of CD genes contralateral to the injury which may indicate an endogenous protective mechanism. We created networks of genes of interest (GOI) and ranked the genes by the number of direct connections each had in the GOI networks, creating gene interaction hierarchies (GIHs). Cell cycle was determined from the resultant GIHs to be a significant molecular and cellular function in post-TBI CD gene response. CONCLUSIONS Cell cycle and apoptosis signalling genes that were highly ranked in the GIHs and exhibited either the inverse ipsilateral/contralateral expression pattern or contralateral suppression were identified and included STAT3, CCND1, CCND2, and BAX. Additional exploration into the remote suppression of CD genes may provide insight into neuroprotective mechanisms that could be used to develop therapies to prevent cell death following TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd E White
- Department of Neurobiology, Neuroscience Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, 720 Westview Drive SW, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA.
| | - Monique C Surles-Zeigler
- Department of Neurobiology, Neuroscience Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, 720 Westview Drive SW, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA.
| | - Gregory D Ford
- Division of Natural Sciences and Physical Education, Georgia Highlands College, 5441 Highway 20, NE, Cartersville, GA, 30121, USA.
| | - Alicia S Gates
- Department of Neurobiology, Neuroscience Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, 720 Westview Drive SW, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA.
| | - Benem Davids
- Department of Neurobiology, Neuroscience Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, 720 Westview Drive SW, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA.
| | - Timothy Distel
- Department of Neurobiology, Neuroscience Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, 720 Westview Drive SW, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA.
- University of California-Riverside School of Medicine, 900 University Ave., Riverside, CA, 92521, USA.
| | - Michelle C LaPlaca
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 313 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
| | - Byron D Ford
- Department of Neurobiology, Neuroscience Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, 720 Westview Drive SW, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA.
- University of California-Riverside School of Medicine, 900 University Ave., Riverside, CA, 92521, USA.
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Itoh K, Maki T, Lok J, Arai K. Mechanisms of cell-cell interaction in oligodendrogenesis and remyelination after stroke. Brain Res 2015; 1623:135-49. [PMID: 25960351 PMCID: PMC4569526 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2015.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Revised: 04/19/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
White matter damage is a clinically important aspect of several central nervous system diseases, including stroke. Cerebral white matter primarily consists of axonal bundles ensheathed with myelin secreted by mature oligodendrocytes, which play an important role in neurotransmission between different areas of gray matter. During the acute phase of stroke, damage to oligodendrocytes leads to white matter dysfunction through the loss of myelin. On the contrary, during the chronic phase, white matter components promote an environment, which is favorable for neural repair, vascular remodeling, and remyelination. For effective remyelination to take place, oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) play critical roles by proliferating and differentiating into mature oligodendrocytes, which help to decrease the burden of axonal injury. Notably, other types of cells contribute to these OPC responses under the ischemic conditions. This mini-review summarizes the non-cell autonomous mechanisms in oligodendrogenesis and remyelination after white matter damage, focusing on how OPCs receive support from their neighboring cells. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled SI: Cell Interactions In Stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanako Itoh
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Takakuni Maki
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Josephine Lok
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Ken Arai
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA.
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Guan YF, Wu CY, Fang YY, Zeng YN, Luo ZY, Li SJ, Li XW, Zhu XH, Mei L, Gao TM. Neuregulin 1 protects against ischemic brain injury via ErbB4 receptors by increasing GABAergic transmission. Neuroscience 2015; 307:151-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.08.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2015] [Revised: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Spatio-temporal assessment of the neuroprotective effects of neuregulin-1 on ischemic stroke lesions using MRI. J Neurol Sci 2015; 357:28-34. [PMID: 26183085 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2015.06.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Revised: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The neuroprotective effects of neuregulin-1 (NRG-1) on stroke lesions were assessed longitudinally in rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) using MRI. Sprague-Dawley rats (n=16, 250±20g) underwent permanent MCAo surgery with cerebral blood flow (CBF) monitored by laser doppler flowmetry at ipsilateral side of bregma for 20min post-occlusion. A single 50μl bolus dose of NRG-1 or vehicle was administered into the left internal carotid artery immediately prior to MCAo. The expansion of the ischemic lesion into the cortex was attenuated by NRG-1 over a 48-hour (h) time span as measured by diffusion weighted imaging (DWI). The final infarct volumes of NRG-1 treated rats were significantly smaller than those of the vehicle treated rats at 48h (264.8±192.1 vs. 533.4±175.5mm(3), p<0.05). The NRG-1 treated rats were further subdivided into 2 subgroups according to their CBF reduction during stroke surgery: mild ischemia (<70% CBF reduction) or severe ischemia (>70% CBF reduction). In particular, ischemic infarction was not usually observed in the cortex of NRG-1 treated rats with mild ischemia at 3 and 48h post-occlusion. Histological results validated the imaging findings and demonstrated that NRG-1 treated rats had fewer injured neurons in peri-infarct areas 48h post-ischemia. In summary, the neuroprotective effect of NRG-1 in the pMCAo stroke model was demonstrated by prevention of ischemic lesion expansion, reduced infarct volume and protection of neurons from ischemic damage.
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Lu YM, Gao YP, Tao RR, Liao MH, Huang JY, Wu G, Han F, Li XM. Calpain-Dependent ErbB4 Cleavage Is Involved in Brain Ischemia-Induced Neuronal Death. Mol Neurobiol 2015; 53:2600-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9275-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Li Y, Lein PJ, Ford GD, Liu C, Stovall KC, White TE, Bruun DA, Tewolde T, Gates AS, Distel TJ, Surles-Zeigler MC, Ford BD. Neuregulin-1 inhibits neuroinflammatory responses in a rat model of organophosphate-nerve agent-induced delayed neuronal injury. J Neuroinflammation 2015; 12:64. [PMID: 25880399 PMCID: PMC4391606 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-015-0283-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neuregulin-1 (NRG-1) has been shown to act as a neuroprotectant in animal models of nerve agent intoxication and other acute brain injuries. We recently demonstrated that NRG-1 blocked delayed neuronal death in rats intoxicated with the organophosphate (OP) neurotoxin diisopropylflurophosphate (DFP). It has been proposed that inflammatory mediators are involved in the pathogenesis of OP neurotoxin-mediated brain damage. Methods We examined the influence of NRG-1 on inflammatory responses in the rat brain following DFP intoxication. Microglial activation was determined by immunohistchemistry using anti-CD11b and anti-ED1 antibodies. Gene expression profiling was performed with brain tissues using Affymetrix gene arrays and analyzed using the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software. Cytokine mRNA levels following DFP and NRG-1 treatment was validated by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results DFP administration resulted in microglial activation in multiple brain regions, and this response was suppressed by treatment with NRG-1. Using microarray gene expression profiling, we observed that DFP increased mRNA levels of approximately 1,300 genes in the hippocampus 24 h after administration. NRG-1 treatment suppressed by 50% or more a small fraction of DFP-induced genes, which were primarily associated with inflammatory responses. Real-time RT-PCR confirmed that the mRNAs for pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were significantly increased following DFP exposure and that NRG-1 significantly attenuated this transcriptional response. In contrast, tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) transcript levels were unchanged in both DFP and DFP + NRG-1 treated brains relative to controls. Conclusion Neuroprotection by NRG-1 against OP neurotoxicity is associated with the suppression of pro-inflammatory responses in brain microglia. These findings provide new insight regarding the molecular mechanisms involved in the neuroprotective role of NRG-1 in acute brain injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang Li
- Department of Neurobiology, Neuroscience Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, 720 Westview Drive, SW, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA.
| | - Pamela J Lein
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, 1089 Veterinary Medicine Drive, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| | - Gregory D Ford
- Department of Biology, Morehouse College, 830 Westview Drive SW, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA.
| | - Cuimei Liu
- Department of Neurobiology, Neuroscience Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, 720 Westview Drive, SW, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA. .,Institute of Infectious Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central-South University, No.9 Chegongzhuang Avenue, Changsha, 100044, China.
| | - Kyndra C Stovall
- Department of Neurobiology, Neuroscience Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, 720 Westview Drive, SW, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA. .,Department of Biology, Morehouse College, 830 Westview Drive SW, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA. .,Department of Physiology, Emory University, 201 Dowman Dr., Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
| | - Todd E White
- Department of Neurobiology, Neuroscience Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, 720 Westview Drive, SW, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA.
| | - Donald A Bruun
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, 1089 Veterinary Medicine Drive, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| | - Teclemichael Tewolde
- Department of Neurobiology, Neuroscience Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, 720 Westview Drive, SW, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA.
| | - Alicia S Gates
- Department of Neurobiology, Neuroscience Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, 720 Westview Drive, SW, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA.
| | - Timothy J Distel
- Department of Neurobiology, Neuroscience Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, 720 Westview Drive, SW, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA.
| | - Monique C Surles-Zeigler
- Department of Neurobiology, Neuroscience Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, 720 Westview Drive, SW, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA.
| | - Byron D Ford
- Department of Neurobiology, Neuroscience Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, 720 Westview Drive, SW, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA.
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Abstract
The beta isoform of Neuregulin-1 (NRG-1β), along with its receptors (ErbB2-4), is required for cardiac development. NRG-1β, as well as the ErbB2 and ErbB4 receptors, is also essential for maintenance of adult heart function. These observations have led to its evaluation as a therapeutic for heart failure. Animal studies and ongoing clinical trials have demonstrated beneficial effects of two forms of recombinant NRG-1β on cardiac function. In addition to the possible role for recombinant NRG-1βs as heart failure therapies, endogenous NRG-1β/ErbB signaling appears to play a role in restoring cardiac function after injury. The potential mechanisms by which NRG-1β may act as both a therapy and a mediator of reverse remodeling remain incompletely understood. In addition to direct effects on cardiac myocytes NRG-1β acts on the vasculature, interstitium, cardiac fibroblasts, and hematopoietic and immune cells, which, collectively, may contribute to NRG-1β's role in maintaining cardiac structure and function, as well as mediating reverse remodeling.
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Wu L, Walas S, Leung W, Sykes DB, Wu J, Lo EH, Lok J. Neuregulin1-β decreases IL-1β-induced neutrophil adhesion to human brain microvascular endothelial cells. Transl Stroke Res 2014; 6:116-24. [PMID: 24863743 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-014-0347-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation contributes to the pathophysiology of diverse diseases including stroke, traumatic brain injury, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and multiple sclerosis, resulting in neurodegeneration and loss of neurological function. The response of the microvascular endothelium often contributes to neuroinflammation. One such response is the upregulation of endothelial adhesion molecules which facilitate neutrophil adhesion to the endothelium and their migration from blood to tissue. Neuregulin-1 (NRG1) is an endogenous growth factor which has been reported to have anti-inflammatory effects in experimental stroke models. We hypothesized that NRG1 would decrease the endothelial response to inflammation and result in a decrease in neutrophil adhesion to endothelial cells. We tested this hypothesis in an in vitro model of cytokine-induced endothelial injury, in which human brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) were treated with IL-1β, along with co-incubation with vehicle or NRG1-β. Outcome measures included protein levels of endothelial ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and E-selectin, as well as the number of neutrophils that adhere to the endothelial monolayer. Our data show that NRG1-β decreased the levels of VCAM-1, E-selectin, and neutrophil adhesion to brain microvascular endothelial cells activated by IL1-β. These findings open new possibilities for investigating NRG1 in neuroprotective strategies in brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Wu
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
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Solomon W, Wilson NO, Anderson L, Pitts S, Patrickson J, Liu M, Ford BD, Stiles JK. Neuregulin-1 attenuates mortality associated with experimental cerebral malaria. J Neuroinflammation 2014; 11:9. [PMID: 24433482 PMCID: PMC3906904 DOI: 10.1186/1742-2094-11-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cerebral Malaria (CM) is a diffuse encephalopathy caused by Plasmodium falciparum infection. Despite availability of antimalarial drugs, CM-associated mortality remains high at approximately 30% and a subset of survivors develop neurological and cognitive disabilities. While antimalarials are effective at clearing Plasmodium parasites they do little to protect against CM pathophysiology and parasite-induced brain inflammation that leads to seizures, coma and long-term neurological sequelae in CM patients. Thus, there is urgent need to explore therapeutics that can reduce or prevent CM pathogenesis and associated brain inflammation to improve survival. Neuregulin-1 (NRG-1) is a neurotrophic growth factor shown to protect against brain injury associated with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and neurotoxin exposure. However, this drug has not been tested against CM-associated brain injury. Since CM-associated brain injuries and AIS share similar pathophysiological features, we hypothesized that NRG-1 will reduce or prevent neuroinflammation and brain damage as well as improve survival in mice with late-stage experimental cerebral malaria (ECM). Methods We tested the effects of NRG-1 on ECM-associated brain inflammation and mortality in P. berghei ANKA (PbA)-infected mice and compared to artemether (ARM) treatment; an antimalarial currently used in various combination therapies against malaria. Results Treatment with ARM (25 mg/kg/day) effectively cleared parasites and reduced mortality in PbA-infected mice by 82%. Remarkably, NRG-1 therapy (1.25 ng/kg/day) significantly improved survival against ECM by 73% despite increase in parasite burden within NRG-1-treated mice. Additionally, NRG-1 therapy reduced systemic and brain pro-inflammatory factors TNFalpha, IL-6, IL-1alpha and CXCL10 and enhanced anti-inflammatory factors, IL-5 and IL-13 while decreasing leukocyte accumulation in brain microvessels. Conclusions This study suggests that NRG-1 attenuates ECM-associated brain inflammation and injuries and may represent a novel supportive therapy for the management of CM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesley Solomon
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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Ofek-Shlomai N, Berger I. Inflammatory injury to the neonatal brain - what can we do? Front Pediatr 2014; 2:30. [PMID: 24783185 PMCID: PMC3988390 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2014.00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2013] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Perinatal brain damage is one of the leading causes of life long disability. This damage could be hypoxic-ischemic, inflammatory, or both. This mini-review discusses different interventions aiming at minimizing inflammatory processes in the neonatal brain, both before and after insult. Current options of anti-inflammatory measures for neonates remain quite limited. We describe current anti-inflammatory intervention strategies such as avoiding perinatal infection and inflammation, and reducing exposure to inflammatory processes. We describe the known effects of anti-inflammatory drugs such as steroids, antibiotics, and indomethacin, and the possible anti-inflammatory role of other substances such as IL-1 receptor antagonists, erythropoietin, caffeine, estradiol, insulin-like growth factor, and melatonin as well as endogenous protectors, and genetic regulation of inflammation. If successful, these may decrease mortality and long-term morbidity among term and pre-term infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noa Ofek-Shlomai
- Department of Neonatology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center , Jerusalem , Israel
| | - Itai Berger
- Pediatric Division, The Neuro-Cognitive Center, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center , Jerusalem , Israel
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Gene expression patterns following unilateral traumatic brain injury reveals a local pro-inflammatory and remote anti-inflammatory response. BMC Genomics 2013; 14:282. [PMID: 23617241 PMCID: PMC3669032 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-14-282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2012] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Traumatic brain injury (TBI) results in irreversible damage at the site of impact and initiates cellular and molecular processes that lead to secondary neural injury in the surrounding tissue. We used microarray analysis to determine which genes, pathways and networks were significantly altered using a rat model of TBI. Adult rats received a unilateral controlled cortical impact (CCI) and were sacrificed 24 h post-injury. The ipsilateral hemi-brain tissue at the site of the injury, the corresponding contralateral hemi-brain tissue, and naïve (control) brain tissue were used for microarray analysis. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) software was used to identify molecular pathways and networks that were associated with the altered gene expression in brain tissues following TBI. Results Inspection of the top fifteen biological functions in IPA associated with TBI in the ipsilateral tissues revealed that all had an inflammatory component. IPA analysis also indicated that inflammatory genes were altered on the contralateral side, but many of the genes were inversely expressed compared to the ipsilateral side. The contralateral gene expression pattern suggests a remote anti-inflammatory molecular response. We created a network of the inversely expressed common (i.e., same gene changed on both sides of the brain) inflammatory response (IR) genes and those IR genes included in pathways and networks identified by IPA that changed on only one side. We ranked the genes by the number of direct connections each had in the network, creating a gene interaction hierarchy (GIH). Two well characterized signaling pathways, toll-like receptor/NF-kappaB signaling and JAK/STAT signaling, were prominent in our GIH. Conclusions Bioinformatic analysis of microarray data following TBI identified key molecular pathways and networks associated with neural injury following TBI. The GIH created here provides a starting point for investigating therapeutic targets in a ranked order that is somewhat different than what has been presented previously. In addition to being a vehicle for identifying potential targets for post-TBI therapeutic strategies, our findings can also provide a context for evaluating the potential of therapeutic agents currently in development.
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Deng C, Pan B, Engel M, Huang XF. Neuregulin-1 signalling and antipsychotic treatment: potential therapeutic targets in a schizophrenia candidate signalling pathway. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2013; 226:201-15. [PMID: 23389757 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-013-3003-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2012] [Accepted: 01/22/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Identifying the signalling pathways underlying the pathophysiology of schizophrenia is an essential step in the rational development of new antipsychotic drugs for this devastating disease. Evidence from genetic, transgenic and post-mortem studies have strongly supported neuregulin-1 (NRG1)-ErbB4 signalling as a schizophrenia susceptibility pathway. NRG1-ErbB4 signalling plays crucial roles in regulating neurodevelopment and neurotransmission, with implications for the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Post-mortem studies have demonstrated altered NRG1-ErbB4 signalling in the brain of schizophrenia patients. Antipsychotic drugs have different effects on NRG1-ErbB4 signalling depending on treatment duration. Abnormal behaviours relevant to certain features of schizophrenia are displayed in NRG1/ErbB4 knockout mice or those with NRG1/ErbB4 over-expression, some of these abnormalities can be improved by antipsychotic treatment. NRG1-ErbB4 signalling has extensive interactions with the GABAergic, glutamatergic and dopaminergic neurotransmission systems that are involved in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. These interactions provide a number of targets for the development of new antipsychotic drugs. Furthermore, the key interaction points between NRG1-ErbB4 signalling and other schizophrenia susceptibility genes may also potentially provide specific targets for new antipsychotic drugs. In general, identification of these targets in NRG1-ErbB4 signalling and interacting pathways will provide unique opportunities for the development of new generation antipsychotics with specific efficacy and fewer side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Deng
- Antipsychotic Research Laboratory, Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong 2522 NSW, Australia.
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Kukshal P, Bhatia T, Bhagwat AM, Gur RE, Gur RC, Deshpande SN, Nimgaonkar VL, Thelma BK. Association study of neuregulin-1 gene polymorphisms in a North Indian schizophrenia sample. Schizophr Res 2013; 144:24-30. [PMID: 23360725 PMCID: PMC4040109 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2012.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2012] [Revised: 11/20/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuregulin-1 (NRG1) gene polymorphisms have been proposed as risk factors for several common disorders. Associations with cognitive variation have also been tested. With regard to schizophrenia (SZ) risk, studies of Caucasian ancestry samples indicate associations more consistently than East Asian samples, suggesting heterogeneity. To exploit the differences in linkage disequilibrium (LD) structure across ethnic groups, we conducted a SZ case-control study (that included cognitive evaluations) in a sample from the north Indian population. METHODS NRG1 variants (n=35 SNPs, three microsatellite markers) were initially analyzed among cases (DSM IV criteria, n=1007) and controls (n=1019, drawn from two groups) who were drawn from the same geographical region in North India. Nominally significant associations with SZ were next analyzed in relation to neurocognitive measures estimated with a computerized neurocognitive battery in a subset of the sample (n=116 cases, n=170 controls). RESULTS Three variants and one microsatellite showed allelic association with SZ (rs35753505, rs4733263, rs6994992, and microsatellite 420M9-1395, p≤0.05 uncorrected for multiple comparisons). A six marker haplotype 221121 (rs35753505-rs6994992-rs1354336-rs10093107-rs3924999-rs11780123) showed (p=0.0004) association after Bonferroni corrections. Regression analyses with the neurocognitive measures showed nominal (uncorrected) associations with emotion processing and attention at rs35753505 and rs6994992, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Suggestive associations with SZ and SZ-related neurocognitive measures were detected with two SNPs from the NRG1 promoter region in a north Indian cohort. The functional role of the alleles merits further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prachi Kukshal
- Department of Genetics, University of Delhi South campus, Benito
Juarez Road, New Delhi – 110 021, India
- C.B. Patel Research Centre, Vile Parle (West), Mumbai, India
| | - Triptish Bhatia
- Department of Psychiatry, Dr. RML Hospital, New Delhi – 110
001, India
| | - A. M. Bhagwat
- C.B. Patel Research Centre, Vile Parle (West), Mumbai, India
| | - Raquel E. Gur
- Department of Psychiatry, Neuropsychiatry Section, University of
Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ruben C. Gur
- Department of Psychiatry, Neuropsychiatry Section, University of
Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Vishwajit L. Nimgaonkar
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Genetics, Western Psychiatric
Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and Graduate
School of Public Health, 3811 O’Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - B. K. Thelma
- Department of Genetics, University of Delhi South campus, Benito
Juarez Road, New Delhi – 110 021, India
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Abstract
Studies in genetically modified mice have demonstrated that neuregulin-1 (NRG-1), along with the erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog (ErbB) 2, 3, and 4 receptor tyrosine kinases, is necessary for multiple aspects of cardiovascular development. These observations stimulated in vitro and in vivo animal studies, implicating NRG-1/ErbB signaling in the regulation of cardiac cell biology throughout life. Cardiovascular effects of ErbB2-targeted cancer therapies provide evidence in humans that ErbB signaling plays a role in the maintenance of cardiac function. These and other studies suggest a conceptual model in which a key function of NRG-1/ErbB signaling is to mediate adaptations of the heart to physiological and pathological stimuli through activation of intracellular kinase cascades that regulate tissue plasticity. Recent work implicates NRG-1/ErbB signaling in the regulation of multiple aspects of cardiovascular biology, including angiogenesis, blood pressure, and skeletal muscle responses to exercise. The therapeutic potential of recombinant NRG-1 as a potential treatment for heart failure has been demonstrated in animal models and is now being explored in clinical studies. NRG-1 is found in human serum and plasma, and it correlates with some clinical parameters, suggesting that it may have value as an indicator of prognosis. In this review, we bring together this growing literature on NRG-1 and its significance in cardiovascular development and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oghenerukevwe Odiete
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
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Puentes S, Kurachi M, Shibasaki K, Naruse M, Yoshimoto Y, Mikuni M, Imai H, Ishizaki Y. Brain microvascular endothelial cell transplantation ameliorates ischemic white matter damage. Brain Res 2012; 1469:43-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2012.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2011] [Revised: 06/22/2012] [Accepted: 06/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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