1
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Miari KE, Williams MTS. Stromal bone marrow fibroblasts and mesenchymal stem cells support acute myeloid leukaemia cells and promote therapy resistance. Br J Pharmacol 2024; 181:216-237. [PMID: 36609915 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The bone marrow (BM) is the primary site of adult haematopoiesis, where stromal elements (e.g. fibroblasts and mesenchymal stem cells [MSCs]) work in concert to support blood cell development. However, the establishment of an abnormal clone can lead to a blood malignancy, such as acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). Despite our increased understanding of the pathophysiology of the disease, patient survival remains suboptimal, mainly driven by the development of therapy resistance. In this review, we highlight the importance of bone marrow fibroblasts and MSCs in health and acute myeloid leukaemia and their impact on patient prognosis. We discuss how stromal elements reduce the killing effects of therapies via a combination of contact-dependent (e.g. integrins) and contact-independent (i.e. secreted factors) mechanisms, accompanied by the establishment of an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Importantly, we underline the challenges of therapeutically targeting the bone marrow stroma to improve acute myeloid leukaemia patient outcomes, due to the inherent heterogeneity of stromal cell populations. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue on Cancer Microenvironment and Pharmacological Interventions. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v181.2/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina E Miari
- Charles Oakley Laboratories, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
| | - Mark T S Williams
- Charles Oakley Laboratories, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
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2
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Liu G, Zhu G, Wu X, Tang Z, Shao W, Wang M, Xia H, Sun Q, Yan M. Thy-1 knockdown promotes the osteogenic differentiation of GMSCs via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2023; 27:3805-3815. [PMID: 37786319 PMCID: PMC10718136 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) are newly developed seed cells for tissue engineering owing to their easy isolation, abundance and high growth rates. Thy-1 is an important regulatory molecule in the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). In this study, we investigated the function of Thy-1 in the osteogenic differentiation of GMSCs by reducing the expression of Thy-1 using a lentivirus. The results demonstrated that Thy-1 knockdown promoted the osteogenic differentiation of GMSCs in vitro. Validation by RNA-seq revealed an obvious decrease in Vcam1 and Sox9 gene expression with Thy-1 knockdown. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis suggested that the differentially expressed genes were enriched in the Wnt signalling pathway. We further demonstrated that Thy-1 knockdown promoted osteogenic differentiation of GMSCs by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway. Therefore, Thy-1 has a key regulatory role in the differentiation of GMSCs and maybe a core molecule connecting transcription factors related to the differentiation of MSCs. Our study also highlighted the potential of Thy-1 to modify MSCs, which may help improve their use in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gufeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhanPeople's Republic of China
| | - Guixin Zhu
- The State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Xiaoyi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhanPeople's Republic of China
| | - Ziqiao Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhanPeople's Republic of China
| | - Wenjun Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhanPeople's Republic of China
| | - Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhanPeople's Republic of China
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital and School of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhanPeople's Republic of China
| | - Haibin Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhanPeople's Republic of China
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital and School of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhanPeople's Republic of China
| | - Quan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhanPeople's Republic of China
- Center for Prosthodontics and Implant Dentistry, Optics Valley Branch, School and Hospital of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhanPeople's Republic of China
| | - Mingdong Yan
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key lab of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of StomatologyFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouPeople's Republic of China
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3
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Saharkhiz M, Ayadilord M, Emadian Razavi F, Naseri M. Effects of phytosomal curcumin treatment on modulation of immunomodulatory and pulp regeneration genes in dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells. Odontology 2021; 110:287-295. [PMID: 34586536 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-021-00659-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are a new population of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) located in the oral cavity with potential capacities for tissue regeneration and immunomodulation. The purpose from this study was to determine effects of curcumin nanoparticle into phytosomal formulation (PC) on the relative expression of DSPP, VEGF-A, HLA-G5, VCAM1, RelA and STAT3 genes which are among the most important factors influencing processes of immunomodulatory and tissue regenerative by DPSCs. After isolation and culture of DPSCs, these cells were characterized according to predetermined criteria including flow cytometric analysis for detection of the most important cell surface markers and also evaluation of multilineage differentiation potential. Then, the MTT method was employed to check the cell viability in treatment with different concentrations of PC. Following DPSCs' treatment with an optimal-non-toxic dose of this nanoparticle, quantification of expression of target genes was performed using real-time PCR procedure. According to results of immunophenotyping analysis and cell differentiation experiments, the isolated cells were confirmed as MSCs as more than 99% of them expressed specific mesenchymal markers while only about 0.5% of them were positive for hematopoietic marker. The real-time PCR results indicated that PC significantly reduced the expression of RelA, STAT3, VCAM1 and HLA-G5 genes up to many times over while optimally enhanced the expression of DSPP and VEGF-A genes, although this enhance was statistically significant only for VEGF-A (all P < 0.001). The study suggests that PC affects the stemness capabilities of DPSCs and it may facilitate the development of MSCs-based therapeutics in regenerative dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansoore Saharkhiz
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Malaksima Ayadilord
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Fariba Emadian Razavi
- Dental Research Center, Department of Prosthodontics, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mohsen Naseri
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran. .,Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
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4
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Dubon M, Lee S, Park JH, Lee JY, Kang D. The Role of Melanotransferrin (CD228) in the regulation of the differentiation of Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hBM-MSC). Int J Med Sci 2021; 18:1580-1591. [PMID: 33746574 PMCID: PMC7976559 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.53650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanotransferrin (CD228), firstly reported as a melanoma-associated antigen, is a membrane-bound glycoprotein of an iron-binding transferrin homolog. CD228 was found to be expressed significantly higher in human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSC) than in human embryonic fibroblasts (FB) by RT-PCR, western blotting and flow cytometry. The expression of CD228 declined in aged hBM-MSC as osteogenesis-related genes did. We examined a possible role for CD228 in the regulation of osteogenesis and adipogenesis of hBM-MSC. Surprisingly, siRNA-mediated CD228 knockdown increased the expression of the transcription factor DLX5 and enhanced osteogenesis of hBM-MSC evidenced by an increased expression of the runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), osterix (Osx), and osteocalcin (OC), as well as higher alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and extracellular calcium deposition. Interestingly, hBM-MSC transfected with CD228 siRNA also showed an increase in intracellular lipid level during adipogenesis, indicated by oil red O staining of differentiated adipocytes. Overall, our study unveils CD228 as a cell surface molecule expressed by young hBM-MSC, but not by FB. It also provides evidence to suggest a role for CD228 as a negative regulator of osteogenesis and of lipid accumulation during adipogenesis in hBM-MSC in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Dubon
- Ilsong Institute of Life Science, Hallym University, Anyang, Gyeonggi-do 14066, Republic of Korea
| | - Sooho Lee
- Ilsong Institute of Life Science, Hallym University, Anyang, Gyeonggi-do 14066, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hong Park
- Ilsong Institute of Life Science, Hallym University, Anyang, Gyeonggi-do 14066, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Gerontology, Graduate School of Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Yong Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongchul Kang
- Ilsong Institute of Life Science, Hallym University, Anyang, Gyeonggi-do 14066, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Gerontology, Graduate School of Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24252, Republic of Korea
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5
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Stojanović S, AlKhoury H, Radenković M, Cvetković V, Jablonska M, Schmelzer CEH, Syrowatka F, Živković JM, Groth T, Najman S. Tissue response to biphasic calcium phosphate covalently modified with either heparin or hyaluronic acid in a mouse subcutaneous implantation model. J Biomed Mater Res A 2020; 109:1353-1365. [PMID: 33128275 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) materials are widely employed as bone substitute materials due to their resorption/degradation properties. Inflammation after implantation of such materials represents a prerequisite for bone tissue repair and regeneration but can be also problematic if it is not only transient and if it is followed by fibrosis and scarring. Here, we modified BCP covalently with hyaluronan (HA) and heparin (Hep), glycosaminoglycans that possess anti-inflammatory properties. Beside the characterization of particle surface properties, the focus was on in vivo tissue response after subcutaneous implantation in mice. Histological analysis revealed a decrease in signs of inflammatory response to BCP when modified with either HA or Hep. Reduced vascularization after 30 days was noticed when BCP was modified with either HA or Hep with greater cellularity in all examined time points. Compared to plain BCP, expression of endothelial-related genes Flt1 and Vcam1 was higher in BCP-HA and BCP-Hep group at day 30. Expression of osteogenesis-related genes Sp7 and Bglap after 30 days was the highest in BCP group, followed by BCP-Hep, while the lowest expression was in BCP-HA group which correlates with collagen amount. Hence, coating of BCP particles with HA seems to suppress inflammatory response together with formation of new bone-like tissue, while the presence of Hep delays the onset of inflammatory response but permits osteogenesis in this subcutaneous bone-forming model. Transferring the results of this study to other coated materials intended for biomedical application may also pave the way to reduction of inflammation after their implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanja Stojanović
- Department of Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia.,Department for Cell and Tissue Engineering, Scientific Research Center for Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | - Hala AlKhoury
- Department Biomedical Materials, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.,Interdisciplinary Center of Materials Science, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Milena Radenković
- Department for Cell and Tissue Engineering, Scientific Research Center for Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | - Vladimir Cvetković
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | - Magdalena Jablonska
- Department of Biological and Macromolecular Materials, Fraunhofer Institute for Microstructure of Materials and Systems IMWS, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Christian E H Schmelzer
- Department of Biological and Macromolecular Materials, Fraunhofer Institute for Microstructure of Materials and Systems IMWS, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Frank Syrowatka
- Interdisciplinary Center of Materials Science, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Jelena M Živković
- Department of Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia.,Department for Cell and Tissue Engineering, Scientific Research Center for Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | - Thomas Groth
- Department Biomedical Materials, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.,Interdisciplinary Center of Materials Science, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.,Laboratory of Biomedical Nanotechnologies, Institute of Bionic Technologies and Engineering, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Stevo Najman
- Department of Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia.,Department for Cell and Tissue Engineering, Scientific Research Center for Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
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6
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Palamà MEF, Shaw GM, Carluccio S, Reverberi D, Sercia L, Persano L, Pisignano D, Cortese K, Barry FP, Murphy JM, Gentili C. The Secretome Derived From Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Cultured in a Xeno-Free Medium Promotes Human Cartilage Recovery in vitro. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:90. [PMID: 32117953 PMCID: PMC7033421 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disabling joint disorder causing articular cartilage degeneration. Currently, the treatments are mainly aimed to pain and symptoms relief, rather than disease amelioration. Human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs) have emerged as a promising paracrine mechanism-based tool for OA treatment. Here, we investigate the therapeutic potential of conditioned media (CM) and extracellular vesicles (EVs) isolated from hBMSC and grown in a xeno-free culture system (XFS) compared to the conventional fetal bovine serum-culture system (FBS) in an in vitro model of OA. First, we observed that XFS promoted growth and viability of hBMSCs compared to FBS-containing medium while preserving their typical phenotype. The biological effects of the CM derived from hBMSC cultivated in XFS- and FBS-based medium were tested on IL-1α treated human chondrocytes, to mimic the OA enviroment. Treatment with CM derived from XFS-cultured hBMSC inhibited IL-1α-induced expression of IL-6, IL-8, and COX-2 by hACs compared to FBS-based condition. Furthermore, we observed that hBMSCs grown in XFS produced a higher amount of EVs compared to FBS-culture. The hBMSC-EVs not only inhibit the adverse effects of IL-1α-induced inflammation, but play a significant in vitro chondroprotective effect. In conclusion, the XFS medium was found to be suitable for isolation and expansion of hBMSCs with increased safety profile and intended for ready-to-use clinical therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Simonetta Carluccio
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Daniele Reverberi
- U.O. Molecular Pathology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Laura Sercia
- Institute of Nanoscience (CNR-NANO), Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Dario Pisignano
- Institute of Nanoscience (CNR-NANO), Pisa, Italy.,Department of Physics, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Katia Cortese
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Human Anatomy, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francis Peter Barry
- Regenerative Medicine Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Josephine Mary Murphy
- Regenerative Medicine Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Chiara Gentili
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
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7
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Identification of WNT16 as a Predictable Biomarker for Accelerated Osteogenic Differentiation of Tonsil-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells In Vitro. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:8503148. [PMID: 31582989 PMCID: PMC6754949 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8503148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for treating bone-related diseases shows promising outcomes in preclinical studies. However, cells that are isolated and defined as MSCs comprise a heterogeneous population of progenitors. This heterogeneity can produce variations in the performance of MSCs, especially in applications that require differentiation potential in vivo, such as the treatment of osteoporosis. Here, we aimed to identify genetic markers in tonsil-derived MSCs (T-MSCs) that can predict osteogenic potential. Using a single-cell cloning method, we isolated and established several lines of nondifferentiating (ND) or osteoblast-prone (OP) clones. Next, we performed transcriptome sequencing of three ND and three OP clones that maintained the characteristics of MSCs and determined the top six genes that were upregulated in OP clones. Upregulation of WNT16 and DCLK1 expression was confirmed by real-time quantitative PCR, but only WNT16 expression was correlated with the osteogenic differentiation of T-MSCs from 10 different donors. Collectively, our findings suggest that WNT16 is a putative genetic marker that predicts the osteogenic potential of T-MSCs. Thus, examination of WNT16 expression as a selection criterion prior to the clinical application of MSCs may enhance the therapeutic efficacy of stem cell therapy for bone-related complications, including osteoporosis.
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8
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Synovium-derived stromal cell-induced osteoclastogenesis: a potential osteoarthritis trigger. Clin Sci (Lond) 2019; 133:1813-1824. [DOI: 10.1042/cs20190169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose: To shed light on the idea that mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) recruited in synovium (SM) (i.e. Synovium-Derived Stromal Cells, SDSCs) could be involved in Osteoarthritis (OA) pathophysiology. Attention was also paid to a further stromal cell type with a peculiar ultrastructure called telocytes (TCs), whose role is far from clarified. Methods: In the present in vitro study, we compared SDSCs isolated from healthy and OA subjects in terms of phenotype, morphology and differentiation potential as well as in their capability to activate normal Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs). Histological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural analyses were integrated by qRT-PCR and functional resorbing assays. Results: Our data demonstrated that both SDSC populations stimulated the formation of osteoclasts from PBMCs: the osteoclast-like cells generated by healthy-SDSCs via transwell co-cultures were inactive, while OA-derived SDSCs have a much greater effectiveness. Moreover, the presence of TCs was more evident in cultures obtained from OA subjects and suggests a possible involvement of these cells in OA. Conclusions: Osteoclastogenic differentiation capability of PBMCs from OA subjects, also induced by B synoviocytes has been already documented. Here we hypothesized that SDSCs, generally considered for their regenerative potential in cartilage lesions, have also a role in the onset/maintenance of OA. Clinical relevance: Our observations may represent an interesting opportunity for the development of a holistic approach for OA treatment, that considers the multifaceted capability of MSCs in relation to the environment.
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9
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Zomer HD, Varela GKDS, Delben PB, Heck D, Jeremias TDS, Trentin AG. In vitro comparative study of human mesenchymal stromal cells from dermis and adipose tissue for application in skin wound healing. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2019; 13:729-741. [PMID: 30773827 DOI: 10.1002/term.2820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Novel strategies combining cell therapy, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine have been developed to treat major skin wounds. Although mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) from different tissues have similar stem cell features, such as self-renewing mesodermal differentiation potential and expression of immunophenotypic markers, they also have distinct characteristics. Therefore, we aimed to characterize the application of MSCs derived from the dermis and adipose tissue (DSCs and ASCs, respectively) in cutaneous wound healing by in vitro approaches. Human DSC and ASC were obtained and evaluated for their isolation efficiency, stemness, proliferative profile, and genetic stability over time in culture. The ability of wound closure was first assessed by direct cell scratch assay. The paracrine effects of DSC- and ASC-conditioned medium in dermal fibroblasts and keratinocytes and in the induction of tubule formation were also investigated. Although the ASC isolation procedures resulted in 100 times more cells than DSC, the latter had a higher proliferation rate in culture. Both presented low frequency of nuclear alterations over time in culture and showed similar characteristics of stem cells, such as expression of immunophenotypic markers and differentiation potential. DSCs showed increased healing capacity, and their conditioned media had greater paracrine effect in closing the wound of dermal fibroblasts and keratinocytes and in inducing angiogenesis. In conclusion, the therapeutic potential of MSCs is influenced by the obtainment source. Both ASCs and DSCs are applicable for skin wound healing; however, DSCs have an improved potential and should be considered for future applications in cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Debiazi Zomer
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, United States of America.,Department of Cell Biology, Embryology and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | | | - Priscilla Barros Delben
- Department of Cell Biology, Embryology and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Diana Heck
- Department of Cell Biology, Embryology and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Talita da Silva Jeremias
- Department of Cell Biology, Embryology and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Andrea Gonçalves Trentin
- Department of Cell Biology, Embryology and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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10
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Wang W, Han ZC. Heterogeneity of Human Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1123:165-177. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-11096-3_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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11
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He Q, Ye Z, Zhou Y, Tan WS. Comparative study of mesenchymal stem cells from rat bone marrow and adipose tissue. Turk J Biol 2018; 42:477-489. [PMID: 30983864 PMCID: PMC6451846 DOI: 10.3906/biy-1802-52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Several therapeutic products based on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been translated into clinical applications. MSCs should undergo in vitro culture before a sufficient quantity can be achieved. Hence, both expansion kinetics and the biological characteristics of derived cells from primary culture are pertinent to their applications. In the present study, MSCs were isolated from rat bone marrow and adipose tissue (designated as bMSCs and aMSCs, respectively) and cells were comparatively analyzed regarding cell morphology, proliferation, colony formation, differentiation potential, and immunophenotype following the long-term subculture. No apparent differences could be noticed concerning the morphology between bMSCs and aMSCs. The long-term subculture made both types of cells smaller, weakened their colony-forming ability, and stimulated the proliferation rate. However, bMSCs demonstrated better proliferation and colony-forming ability than aMSCs. No significant difference was observed about the expression of some immunophenotypes (i.e. CD29+/CD90+/CD34-/CD45-) regardless of cell types or population doublings. Notably, bMSCs, but not aMSCs, maintained the differentiation potential well after the long-term subculture. The present study demonstrates that MSCs derived from different tissues can be well expanded for the long term, although cells display gradually declined self-renewal and differentiation potentials to different extents depending on the tissue origins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing He
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai , P.R. China
| | - Zhaoyang Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai , P.R. China
| | - Yan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai , P.R. China
| | - Wen-Song Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai , P.R. China
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12
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Peng BY, Chiou CS, Dubey NK, Yu SH, Deng YH, Tsai FC, Chiang HS, Shieh YH, Chen WH, Deng WP. Non-invasive in vivo molecular imaging of intra-articularly transplanted immortalized bone marrow stem cells for osteoarthritis treatment. Oncotarget 2017; 8:97153-97164. [PMID: 29228600 PMCID: PMC5722552 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathophysiology of osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by progressive loss of articular cartilage in the knee-joints. To impart regenerative ability in lowly metabolizing chondrocytes, the bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) has recently been recognized as a superior alternative treatment for OA. However, study of primary BMSCs-mediated chondrogenesis is difficult due to progressive cellular aging and replicative senescence. To obtain a therapeutic cell population for OA, BMSCs were immortalized by human papilloma virus (HPV)-16 E6/E7 along with mCherry luciferase (mCL), a gene marker for non-invasive imaging, and designated as iBMSCs-mCL. Next, their cell morphology, population doubling time (PDT) and colony forming ability (CFU) were evaluated. Furthermore, pluripotency and immunophenotypic markers were investigated. To deduce therapeutic ability, iBMSCs-mCL were intra-articularly injected into right knee of anterior cruciate ligament transaction (ACLT)-OA mice model and tracked through non-invasive bioluminescence imaging. Cell morphology of iBMSCs-mCL was similar to parental BMSCs. PDT and CFU ability of iBMSCs-mCLs were significantly increased. Pluripotency and immunophenotypic markers were highly expressed in iBMSC-mCL. Long-term survival and tri-lineage differentiation particularly chondrogenic potential of iBMSCs-mCL were also demonstrated in vitro and then in vivo which was monitored through non-invasive imaging. Intensive bioluminescent signals in iBMSCs-mCL administered knee-joint indicated a marked in vivo survival and proliferation of iBMSCs-mCL. Immunohistochemical staining for type II collagen (IHC of Col II) and alcian blue & safranin o staining of proteoglycans also corroborated cartilage regeneration by iBMSCs-mCL. Conclusively, iBMSCs-mCL maintains stemness and in vivo cartilage regeneration potential suggesting a promising avenue for development of OA therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bou-Yue Peng
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Section, Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Sheng Chiou
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Navneet Kumar Dubey
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Hsun Yu
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yue-Hua Deng
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Life Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Chou Tsai
- Department of Stem Cell Research, Cosmetic Clinic Group, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Han-Sun Chiang
- Department of Life Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Hua Shieh
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hong Chen
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Win-Ping Deng
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Feasibility and Efficiency of Human Bone Marrow Stromal Cell Culture with Allogeneic Platelet Lysate-Supplementation for Cell Therapy against Stroke. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:6104780. [PMID: 27840648 PMCID: PMC5093274 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6104780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, there is increasing interest in human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs) as regeneration therapy against cerebral stroke. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the feasibility and validity of hBMSC cultures with allogeneic platelet lysates (PLs). Platelet concentrates (PC) were harvested from healthy volunteers and made into single donor-derived PL (sPL). The PL mixtures (mPL) were made from three different sPL. Some growth factors and platelet cell surface antigens were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The hBMSCs cultured with 10% PL were analyzed for their proliferative potential, surface markers, and karyotypes. The cells were incubated with superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) agents and injected into a pig brain. MRI and histological analysis were performed. Consequently, nine lots of sPL and three mPL were prepared. ELISA analysis showed that PL contained adequate growth factors and a particle of platelet surface antigens. Cell proliferation capacity of PLs was equivalent to or higher than that of fetal calf serum (FCS). No contradiction in cell surface markers and no chromosomal aberrations were found. The MRI detected the distribution of SPIO-labeled hBMSCs in the pig brain. In summary, the hBMSCs cultured with allogeneic PL are suitable for cell therapy against stroke.
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14
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Di Liddo R, Aguiari P, Barbon S, Bertalot T, Mandoli A, Tasso A, Schrenk S, Iop L, Gandaglia A, Parnigotto PP, Conconi MT, Gerosa G. Nanopatterned acellular valve conduits drive the commitment of blood-derived multipotent cells. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:5041-5055. [PMID: 27789941 PMCID: PMC5068475 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s115999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Considerable progress has been made in recent years toward elucidating the correlation among nanoscale topography, mechanical properties, and biological behavior of cardiac valve substitutes. Porcine TriCol scaffolds are promising valve tissue engineering matrices with demonstrated self-repopulation potentiality. In order to define an in vitro model for investigating the influence of extracellular matrix signaling on the growth pattern of colonizing blood-derived cells, we cultured circulating multipotent cells (CMC) on acellular aortic (AVL) and pulmonary (PVL) valve conduits prepared with TriCol method and under no-flow condition. Isolated by our group from Vietnamese pigs before heart valve prosthetic implantation, porcine CMC revealed high proliferative abilities, three-lineage differentiative potential, and distinct hematopoietic/endothelial and mesenchymal properties. Their interaction with valve extracellular matrix nanostructures boosted differential messenger RNA expression pattern and morphologic features on AVL compared to PVL, while promoting on both matrices the commitment to valvular and endothelial cell-like phenotypes. Based on their origin from peripheral blood, porcine CMC are hypothesized in vivo to exert a pivotal role to homeostatically replenish valve cells and contribute to hetero- or allograft colonization. Furthermore, due to their high responsivity to extracellular matrix nanostructure signaling, porcine CMC could be useful for a preliminary evaluation of heart valve prosthetic functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Di Liddo
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova; Foundation for Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Tissue Engineering and Signaling ONLUS
| | - Paola Aguiari
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Silvia Barbon
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova; Foundation for Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Tissue Engineering and Signaling ONLUS
| | - Thomas Bertalot
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova
| | - Amit Mandoli
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova
| | - Alessia Tasso
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova
| | - Sandra Schrenk
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova
| | - Laura Iop
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Alessandro Gandaglia
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Pier Paolo Parnigotto
- Foundation for Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Tissue Engineering and Signaling ONLUS
| | - Maria Teresa Conconi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova; Foundation for Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Tissue Engineering and Signaling ONLUS
| | - Gino Gerosa
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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15
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Mo M, Wang S, Zhou Y, Li H, Wu Y. Mesenchymal stem cell subpopulations: phenotype, property and therapeutic potential. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 73:3311-21. [PMID: 27141940 PMCID: PMC11108490 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2229-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are capable of differentiating into cells of multiple cell lineages and have potent paracrine effects. Due to their easy preparation and low immunogenicity, MSC have emerged as an extremely promising therapeutic agent in regenerative medicine for diverse diseases. However, MSC are heterogeneous with respect to phenotype and function in current isolation and cultivation regimes, which often lead to incomparable experimental results. In addition, there may be specific stem cell subpopulations with definite differentiation capacity toward certain lineages in addition to stem cells with multi-differentiation potential. Recent studies have identified several subsets of MSC which exhibit distinct features and biological activities, and enhanced therapeutic potentials for certain diseases. In this review, we give an overview of these subsets for their phenotypic, biological and functional properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaohua Mo
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- The Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technology, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, L406A, Tsinghua Campus, The University Town, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shan Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- The Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technology, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, L406A, Tsinghua Campus, The University Town, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- The Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technology, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, L406A, Tsinghua Campus, The University Town, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of General Surgery, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, 5 Donghai M Rd, Qingdao, China.
| | - Yaojiong Wu
- The Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technology, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, L406A, Tsinghua Campus, The University Town, Shenzhen, China.
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16
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Tillotson M, Logan N, Brett P. Osteogenic stem cell selection for repair and regeneration. Bone Rep 2016; 5:22-32. [PMID: 28326344 PMCID: PMC4926815 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2016.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The first osteogenic cells to attach to a titanium (Ti) implant after placement are the multipotent stromal cells (MSCs) that circulate in the bloodstream and are recruited to the site of tissue damage. The reservoirs of these cells are heterogeneous in nature, consisting of a mixture of cells with varying differentiation abilities. In order to utilise these cells and to reduce the chance of unwanted events during regenerative therapies, the selection of a subset of cells that is truly multipotent is required. The behaviour of these cells has been shown to be altered by modifications to Ti implant surfaces, most notably rough, hydrophilic Ti. These changes in behaviour underpin the differences seen in clinical performance of these surfaces. In this study Human bone marrow derived stromal cells (hBMSCs) have been cultured on modified Ti surfaces in order to analyse these changes in cell behaviour. The results demonstrate the different effects of the surfaces and suggest that one surface selectively enriches the population with osteogenic adult ‘stem cells’ by inducing the cell death of the more differentiated cells. Combined with subsequent expansion in bioreactors before implantation, this may lead to a new source of cells for regenerative therapies. Different titanium surfaces elicit differing responses from bone marrow derived stromal cells. Hydrophilic rough titanium induces increased apoptosis and necrosis in MSCs in vitro. Cells selected on rough hydrophilic titanium are more osteogenic than the parent population. This may lead to a new source of osteogenic cells for regenerative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Tillotson
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, 256 Gray's Inn Road, London WC1X 8LD, United Kingdom
| | - Niall Logan
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, 256 Gray's Inn Road, London WC1X 8LD, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Brett
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, 256 Gray's Inn Road, London WC1X 8LD, United Kingdom
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17
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Doi K, Kuno S, Kobayashi A, Hamabuchi T, Kato H, Kinoshita K, Eto H, Aoi N, Yoshimura K. Enrichment isolation of adipose-derived stem/stromal cells from the liquid portion of liposuction aspirates with the use of an adherent column. Cytotherapy 2014; 16:381-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2013.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Revised: 04/27/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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18
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Saito MT, Salmon CR, Amorim BR, Ambrosano GMB, Casati MZ, Sallum EA, Nociti FH, Silvério KG. Characterization of highly osteoblast/cementoblast cell clones from a CD105-enriched periodontal ligament progenitor cell population. J Periodontol 2014; 85:e205-11. [PMID: 24579765 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2014.130461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is known that periodontal ligament (PDL) harbors a heterogeneous progenitor cell population at different stages of lineage commitment. However, characterization of PDL stem cells committed to osteoblast/cementoblast (O/C) differentiation remains to be elucidated. The present study is carried out to isolate single cell-derived, cluster of differentiation (CD)105-positive PDL clones and to characterize the clones that present high potential to differentiate toward O/C phenotype in vitro. METHODS Isolation of single cell-derived colonies (clones) from a CD105-enriched PDL progenitor cell population was performed by the ring-cloning technique. Cell clones were evaluated for their O/C differentiation potential, metabolic activity, and expression of STRO-1 protein. Additionally, the clones that showed potential to O/C differentiation were characterized by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) for expression of runt-related transcriptor factor 2 (RUNX2), alkaline phosphatase, CD105, and CD166 during osteogenic induction. RESULTS Six PDL-CD105(+) clones were obtained, three being highly O/C clones (C-O) and three others that did not have the ability to produce mineralized matrix in vitro (C-F). The C-O group showed lower metabolic activity compared with the C-F group, and both cell groups were positively immunostained for STRO-1. qRT-PCR analysis demonstrated an increased expression of transcripts for RUNX2 and CD166 during the maturation of C-O cells toward O/C phenotype. CONCLUSIONS These results provide evidence that PDL-CD105(+) purified progenitor cells comprise a heterogeneous cell population that presents a cell subset with high O/C potential and, further, that surface antigen CD166 is modulated during the O/C maturation of this cell subset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miki T Saito
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Division of Periodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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19
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Sun YP, Zheng YH, Liu WJ, Zheng YL, Zhang ZG. Synovium fragment-derived cells exhibit characteristics similar to those of dissociated multipotent cells in synovial fluid of the temporomandibular joint. PLoS One 2014; 9:e101896. [PMID: 25003199 PMCID: PMC4087006 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0101896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) found in the synovial fluid (SFMSCs) of the tempromandibular joint (TMJ) remain poorly understood. During TMJ arthrocentesis, we discovered that synovial fluid collected from some patients with TMJ disorders contained not only SFMSCs but also synovium fragments (SFs). In this study, we attempted to characterize both the SFMSCs and SF-derived cells (SFCs) in order to further understand the role of MSCs in the synovial fluid of the TMJ. The SFs were membranous and translucent and consisted of several cell layers, indicating that their origin was only from the intima. SFCs were obtained by digestion of the SFs and subsequently expanded in vitro. SFMSCs were enriched by centrifugation of the synovial fluid and expanded in vitro. SFCs and SFMSCs displayed a similar fibroblast-like, spindle-shaped morphology, and we observed that some SFMSCs grew out of small tissue masses in culture. Flow cytometric analysis showed that both groups of cells expressed similar surface markers, including CD90, CD44, CD105, and CD73. However, both were negative for Stro-1, CD146, CD45, CD34, CD11b, CD19, and HLA-DR. Immunofluorescent staining showed that both SFs and SFMSCs expressed vascular cell adhesion molecule 1. Both SFCs and SFMSCs could be induced to differentiate down osteogenic, chondrogenic, adipogenic, and neurogenic lineages in vitro. Together, our results indicate that the intima is the most likely tissue origin of SFMSCs in the TMJ. Moreover, the SFs are composed of only intima and thus offer an improved source of synovium-derived MSCs compared to synovium specimens obtained by surgery, which contain both intima and subintima.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-peng Sun
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - You-hua Zheng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-jing Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-liang Zheng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-guang Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- * E-mail:
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20
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Reza AMMT, Shiwani S, Singh NK, Lohakare JD, Lee SJ, Jeong DK, Han JY, Rengaraj D, Lee BW. Keratinocyte growth factor and thiazolidinediones and linolenic acid differentiate characterized mammary fat pad adipose stem cells isolated from prepubertal Korean black goat to epithelial and adipogenic lineage. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2013; 50:194-206. [PMID: 24101555 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-013-9690-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The study was conducted to know and investigate the mechanism involved during mesenchymal to epithelial transition to unravel questions related to mammary gland development in prepubertal Korean black goat. We, therefore, biopsied mammary fat pad and isolated adipose cells and characterized with stemness factors (CD34, CD13, CD44, CD106, and vimentin) immunologically and through their genetic expression. Furthermore, characterized cells were differentiated to adipogenic (thiazolidinediones and α-linolenic acid) and epithelial (keratinocyte growth factor) lineages. Thiazolidinediones/or in combination with α-linolenic acid demonstrated significant upregulation of adipo-Q, PPAR-γ, CEBP-α, LPL, and resistin. Adipose stem cells in induction mixture (5 μg/ml insulin, 1 μg/ml hydrocortisone, and 10 ng/ml epidermal growth factor) and subsequent treatment with 10 ng/ml keratinocyte growth factor revealed their trans-differentiating ability to epithelial lineage. From 2 d onwards, the cells under keratinocyte growth factor influenced cells to assume rectangular (2-4 d) to cuboidal (8-10 d) shapes. Ayoub-Shklar stain developed brownish-red pigment in the transformed cells. Though, expressions of K8 and K18 were noted to be highly significant (p < 0.01) but expressions of epithelial membrane antigens and epithelial specific antigens were also significant (p < 0.05) compared to 0 d. Conclusively, epithelial transformations of mammary adipose stem cells would add up knowledge to develop therapeutic regimen to deal with mammary tissue injury and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M M T Reza
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
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21
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Park Y, Jung MK, Yoon SY, Lee HR, Hur DY, Kim D, Yang Y, Kim TS, Kim S, Yoon SR, Park HJ, Bang SI, Cho DH. The combination of DHEA, histamine, and insulin increases adipogenic differentiation and enhances tissue transplantation outcome in mice. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2013; 60:356-64. [DOI: 10.1002/bab.1100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2012] [Accepted: 01/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoorim Park
- Department of Life Science; Sookmyung Women's University; Seoul; Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kyung Jung
- Department of Life Science; Sookmyung Women's University; Seoul; Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Young Yoon
- Department of Life Science; Sookmyung Women's University; Seoul; Republic of Korea
| | - Ha-Reum Lee
- Department of Life Science; Sookmyung Women's University; Seoul; Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Young Hur
- Department of Anatomy; Inje University College of Medicine; Pusan; Republic of Korea
| | - Daejin Kim
- Department of Anatomy; Inje University College of Medicine; Pusan; Republic of Korea
| | - Yoolhee Yang
- Department of Plastic Surgery; College of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University; Seoul; Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Sung Kim
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology; Korea University; Seoul; Republic of Korea
| | - Seonghan Kim
- Department of Anatomy; Inje University College of Medicine; Pusan; Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Ran Yoon
- Immunotherapy Research Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Daejeon; Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jeong Park
- Department of Dermatology; Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine; The Catholic University of Korea; Seoul; Republic of Korea
| | - Sa Ik Bang
- Department of Plastic Surgery; College of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University; Seoul; Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Ho Cho
- Department of Life Science; Sookmyung Women's University; Seoul; Republic of Korea
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22
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Rostovskaya M, Anastassiadis K. Differential expression of surface markers in mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cell subpopulations with distinct lineage commitment. PLoS One 2012; 7:e51221. [PMID: 23236457 PMCID: PMC3517475 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2012] [Accepted: 10/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BM MSCs) represent a heterogeneous population of progenitors with potential for generation of skeletal tissues. However the identity of BM MSC subpopulations is poorly defined mainly due to the absence of specific markers allowing in situ localization of those cells and isolation of pure cell types. Here, we aimed at characterization of surface markers in mouse BM MSCs and in their subsets with distinct differentiation potential. Using conditionally immortalized BM MSCs we performed a screening with 176 antibodies and high-throughput flow cytometry, and found 33 markers expressed in MSCs, and among them 3 were novel for MSCs and 13 have not been reported for MSCs from mice. Furthermore, we obtained clonally derived MSC subpopulations and identified bipotential progenitors capable for osteo- and adipogenic differentiation, as well as monopotential osteogenic and adipogenic clones, and thus confirmed heterogeneity of MSCs. We found that expression of CD200 was characteristic for the clones with osteogenic potential, whereas SSEA4 marked adipogenic progenitors lacking osteogenic capacity, and CD140a was expressed in adipogenic cells independently of their efficiency for osteogenesis. We confirmed our observations in cell sorting experiments and further investigated the expression of those markers during the course of differentiation. Thus, our findings provide to our knowledge the most comprehensive characterization of surface antigens expression in mouse BM MSCs to date, and suggest CD200, SSEA4 and CD140a as markers differentially expressed in distinct types of MSC progenitors.
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23
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Nishida H, Shoji Y, Nakamura M, Hatoya S, Sugiura K, Yamate J, Kuwamura M, Kotani T, Nakayama M, Suzuki Y, Ide C, Inaba T. Evaluation of methods for cell harvesting and the biological properties at successive passages of canine bone marrow stromal cells. Am J Vet Res 2012; 73:1832-40. [DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.73.11.1832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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24
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Markers for characterization of bone marrow multipotential stromal cells. Stem Cells Int 2012; 2012:975871. [PMID: 22666272 PMCID: PMC3361338 DOI: 10.1155/2012/975871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2012] [Accepted: 02/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the observed efficacy of culture-expanded multipotential stromal cells, also termed mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), in the treatment of graft-versus host and cardiac disease, it remains surprising that purity and potency characterization of manufactured cell batches remains rather basic. In this paper, we will initially discuss surface and molecular markers that were proposed to serve as the indicators of the MSC potency, in terms of their proliferative potential or the ability to differentiate into desired lineages. The second part of this paper will be dedicated to a critical discussion of surface markers of uncultured (i.e., native) bone marrow (BM) MSCs. Although no formal consensus has yet been reached on which markers may be best suited for prospective BM MSC isolation, markers that cross-react with MSCs of animal models (such as CD271 and W8-B2/MSCA-1) may have the strongest translational value. Whereas small animal models are needed to discover the in vivo function on these markers, large animal models are required for safety and efficacy testing of isolated MSCs, particularly in the field of bone and cartilage tissue engineering.
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25
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Kémoun P, Gronthos S, Snead ML, Rue J, Courtois B, Vaysse F, Salles JP, Brunel G. The role of cell surface markers and enamel matrix derivatives on human periodontal ligament mesenchymal progenitor responses in vitro. Biomaterials 2011; 32:7375-88. [PMID: 21784516 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.06.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2011] [Accepted: 06/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic-, infectious-disease of the human periodontium that is characterized by the loss of supporting tissues surrounding the tooth such as the periodontal ligament (PDL), cementum and alveolar bone. Regeneration of the periodontium is dependent on the participation of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC) resident in the PDL. Enamel matrix derivative (EMD), an extract from immature porcine enamel rich in amelogenin protein but that also contain bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), is used to treat periodontal defects. The effects of EMD on MSC cells of the PDL are not well characterized. In this in vitro study, we identify PDL progenitor cells from multiple individuals and demonstrate that EMD stimulates them. We show that the effect of EMD on cell proliferation and migration is mediated through the amelogenin it contains, while the differentiation of these progenitor cells to cell types of mineralized tissue is mainly due to BMP signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Kémoun
- Faculty of Odontology, University Paul-Sabatier, 3 Chemin des Maraîchers, 31062 Toulouse Cedex, France.
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Laschober GT, Brunauer R, Jamnig A, Singh S, Hafen U, Fehrer C, Kloss F, Gassner R, Lepperdinger G. Age-Specific Changes of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Are Paralleled by Upregulation of CD106 Expression As a Response to an Inflammatory Environment. Rejuvenation Res 2011; 14:119-31. [DOI: 10.1089/rej.2010.1077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard T. Laschober
- Extracellular Matrix Research, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Innsbruck, Austria
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Regina Brunauer
- Extracellular Matrix Research, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Innsbruck, Austria
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Angelika Jamnig
- Extracellular Matrix Research, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sarvpreet Singh
- Extracellular Matrix Research, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ulrich Hafen
- Extracellular Matrix Research, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christine Fehrer
- Extracellular Matrix Research, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Frank Kloss
- Department for Cranio-, Maxillofacial & Oral Surgery, University Hospital Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Robert Gassner
- Department for Cranio-, Maxillofacial & Oral Surgery, University Hospital Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Günter Lepperdinger
- Extracellular Matrix Research, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Innsbruck, Austria
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27
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Arufe MC, De la Fuente A, Fuentes I, de Toro FJ, Blanco FJ. Chondrogenic potential of subpopulations of cells expressing mesenchymal stem cell markers derived from human synovial membranes. J Cell Biochem 2010; 111:834-45. [PMID: 20665538 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.22768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study we analyzed the chondrogenic potential of subpopulations of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from human synovial membranes enriched for CD73, CD106, and CD271 markers. Subpopulations of human synovial membrane MSCs enriched for CD73, CD106, and CD271 markers were isolated using a cytometry sorter and characterized by flow cytometry for MSC markers. The expression of Sox9, Nanog, and Runx2 genes by these cells was measured by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. The chondrogenesis of each subpopulation was assessed by culturing the cells in a defined medium to produce spontaneous spheroid formation and differentiation towards chondrocyte-like cells. The examination of the spheroids by histological and immunohistochemical analyses for collagen type II (COL2), aggrecan, collagen type I (COL1), metalloprotease 13 (MMP13), and collagen type X (COLX) levels were performed to assess their chondrogenesis capacity. The adipogenesis and osteogenesis potential of each subpopulation was determined using commercial media; the resulting cells were stained with oil red O or red alizarin to test the degree of differentiation. The subpopulations had different profiles of cells positive for the MSC markers CD44, CD69, CD73, CD90, and CD105 and showed different expression levels of the genes Sox9, Nanog, and Runx2 involved in chondrogenesis, undifferentiation, and osteoblastogenesis, respectively. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that COL1, COL2, COLX, MMP13, and aggrecan were expressed in the spheroids as soon as 14 days of culture. The CD271(+) subpopulation expressed the highest levels of COL2 staining compared to the other subpopulations. CD105 and Runx2 were shown by immunohistochemistry and genetic analysis to have significantly higher expression CD271(+) subpopulation than the other subpopulations. Spheroids formed from CD271-enriched and CD73-enriched MSCs from normal human synovial membranes mimic the native cartilage extracellular matrix more closely than CD106(+) MSCs and are possible candidates for use in cartilage tissue engineering. Both cell types have potential for promoting the differentiation of MSCs into chondrocytes, presenting new possibilities for achieving intrinsic cartilage repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Arufe
- Osteoarticular and Aging Research Lab, Cellular Therapy Unit, INIBIC-CH Universitario Juan Canalejo, 15006 A Coruña, Spain
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28
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Halfon S, Abramov N, Grinblat B, Ginis I. Markers distinguishing mesenchymal stem cells from fibroblasts are downregulated with passaging. Stem Cells Dev 2010; 20:53-66. [PMID: 20528146 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2010.0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 246] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Expansion of plastic-adherent bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) results in gradual loss of osteogenic potential after passage 5-6. One explanation is contamination of MSC cultures with mature cells including fibroblasts. Identification and elimination of fibroblasts from MSC cultures could improve MSC yield and differentiation potential and also prevent tumor formation after MSC transplantation. However, no specific markers currently exist that can reliably discriminate between MSCs and fibroblasts. Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that markers currently used to define MSCs, such as CD105, CD166, CD90, CD44, CD29, CD73, and CD9, are also expressed on human skin or lung fibroblasts. However, the level of expression of CD166 was significantly higher and that of CD9 was significantly lower in MSCs than in fibroblasts. CD146 was expressed only in MSCs. Using small focused microarrays, new markers differentially expressed in MSCs and fibroblasts were identified. Real-time polymerase chain reaction confirmed that expression of CD106, integrin alpha 11, and insulin-like growth factor-2 in MSCs was at least 10-fold higher than in fibroblasts; whereas expression of matrix metalloproteinase 1 and matrix metalloproteinase 3 was almost 100-fold lower. Flow cytometry and immunostaining demonstrated that CD106 protein expression on cell surface could be upregulated in MSCs but not in fibroblasts by the treatment with tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Comparison of surface expression of commonly used and newly identified MSC markers in MSCs cultures of passage 2 and passage 6 demonstrated that CD106 (with and without tumor necrosis factor-alpha treatment), integrin alpha 11, and CD146 were downregulated in MSCs of passage 6, and CD9 was upregulated; whereas all other markers did not change. Newly identified markers that have robust differences of expression in MSCs and fibroblasts on gene and protein level could be used for quality control of MSC cultures after expansion, cryopreservation, gene transfection, and other manipulations.
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Matsumoto T, Ii M, Nishimura H, Shoji T, Mifune Y, Kawamoto A, Kuroda R, Fukui T, Kawakami Y, Kuroda T, Kwon SM, Iwasaki H, Horii M, Yokoyama A, Oyamada A, Lee SY, Hayashi S, Kurosaka M, Takaki S, Asahara T. Lnk-dependent axis of SCF-cKit signal for osteogenesis in bone fracture healing. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 207:2207-23. [PMID: 20855498 PMCID: PMC2947078 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20100321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The therapeutic potential of hematopoietic stem cells/endothelial progenitor cells (HSCs/EPCs) for fracture healing has been demonstrated with evidence for enhanced vasculogenesis/angiogenesis and osteogenesis at the site of fracture. The adaptor protein Lnk has recently been identified as an essential inhibitor of stem cell factor (SCF)–cKit signaling during stem cell self-renewal, and Lnk-deficient mice demonstrate enhanced hematopoietic reconstitution. In this study, we investigated whether the loss of Lnk signaling enhances the regenerative response during fracture healing. Radiological and histological examination showed accelerated fracture healing and remodeling in Lnk-deficient mice compared with wild-type mice. Molecular, physiological, and morphological approaches showed that vasculogenesis/angiogenesis and osteogenesis were promoted in Lnk-deficient mice by the mobilization and recruitment of HSCs/EPCs via activation of the SCF–cKit signaling pathway in the perifracture zone, which established a favorable environment for bone healing and remodeling. In addition, osteoblasts (OBs) from Lnk-deficient mice had a greater potential for terminal differentiation in response to SCF–cKit signaling in vitro. These findings suggest that inhibition of Lnk may have therapeutic potential by promoting an environment conducive to vasculogenesis/angiogenesis and osteogenesis and by facilitating OB terminal differentiation, leading to enhanced fracture healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Matsumoto
- Group of Vascular Regeneration Research, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 565-8686, Osaka, Japan
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Ito K, Aoyama T, Fukiage K, Otsuka S, Furu M, Jin Y, Nasu A, Ueda M, Kasai Y, Ashihara E, Kimura S, Maekawa T, Kobayashi A, Yoshida S, Niwa H, Otsuka T, Nakamura T, Toguchida J. A Novel Method to Isolate Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Bone Marrow in a Closed System Using a Device Made by Nonwoven Fabric. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2010; 16:81-91. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2008.0693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kinya Ito
- Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tomoki Aoyama
- Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kenichi Fukiage
- Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Seiji Otsuka
- Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Moritoshi Furu
- Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yonghui Jin
- Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akira Nasu
- Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Michiko Ueda
- Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasunari Kasai
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Cell Therapy, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Eishi Ashihara
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Cell Therapy, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shinya Kimura
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Cell Therapy, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Taira Maekawa
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Cell Therapy, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Takanobu Otsuka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakamura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Junya Toguchida
- Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Gonzalez R, Griparic L, Vargas V, Burgee K, SantaCruz P, Anderson R, Schiewe M, Silva F, Patel A. A putative mesenchymal stem cells population isolated from adult human testes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2009; 385:570-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.05.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2009] [Accepted: 05/24/2009] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Grogan SP, Miyaki S, Asahara H, D'Lima DD, Lotz MK. Mesenchymal progenitor cell markers in human articular cartilage: normal distribution and changes in osteoarthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2009; 11:R85. [PMID: 19500336 PMCID: PMC2714136 DOI: 10.1186/ar2719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2009] [Revised: 05/07/2009] [Accepted: 06/05/2009] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Recent findings suggest that articular cartilage contains mesenchymal progenitor cells. The aim of this study was to examine the distribution of stem cell markers (Notch-1, Stro-1 and VCAM-1) and of molecules that modulate progenitor differentiation (Notch-1 and Sox9) in normal adult human articular cartilage and in osteoarthritis (OA) cartilage. Methods Expression of the markers was analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and flow cytometry. Hoechst 33342 dye was used to identify and sort the cartilage side population (SP). Multilineage differentiation assays including chondrogenesis, osteogenesis and adipogenesis were performed on SP and non-SP (NSP) cells. Results A surprisingly high number (>45%) of cells were positive for Notch-1, Stro-1 and VCAM-1 throughout normal cartilage. Expression of these markers was higher in the superficial zone (SZ) of normal cartilage as compared to the middle zone (MZ) and deep zone (DZ). Non-fibrillated OA cartilage SZ showed reduced Notch-1 and Sox9 staining frequency, while Notch-1, Stro-1 and VCAM-1 positive cells were increased in the MZ. Most cells in OA clusters were positive for each molecule tested. The frequency of SP cells in cartilage was 0.14 ± 0.05% and no difference was found between normal and OA. SP cells displayed chondrogenic and osteogenic but not adipogenic differentiation potential. Conclusions These results show a surprisingly high number of cells that express putative progenitor cell markers in human cartilage. In contrast, the percentage of SP cells is much lower and within the range of expected stem cell frequency. Thus, markers such as Notch-1, Stro-1 or VCAM-1 may not be useful to identify progenitors in cartilage. Instead, their increased expression in OA cartilage implicates involvement in the abnormal cell activation and differentiation process characteristic of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn P Grogan
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.
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