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Kazak F, Coskun P, Yarim GF, Baspinar N, Ozdemir O, Ates MB, Altug ME, Deveci MZY. Protective and therapeutic effects of nobiletin against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Biotech Histochem 2024:1-8. [PMID: 39092624 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2024.2380663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Possible protective and therapeutic effects of nobiletin on kidney in a cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity rat model were investigated. Forty male albino rats were divided into four groups: control, cisplatin (CIS), cisplatin+nobiletin (CIS+NOB), and nobiletin+cisplatin (NOB+CIS). At the end of the study, the rats were subjected to biochemical, histological and immunohistochemical analyzes. Compared to the control group, tGSH (p < 0.05) levels, and G6PD (p < 0.05) and GPx (p < 0.001) activities, were increased in the CIS group; while significant (p < 0.05) decreases occurred in the MDA and TOC levels. Histopathologically, the kidneys of the groups administered nobiletin (CIS+NOB, NOB+CIS) were significantly different from the CIS group, being closer to control group in terms of degeneration and hyaline cylinder formation in the tubules (p < 0.05). While dilatation in the tubules, protein-rich fluid and hyaline cylinder formation in the lumen were most common in the CIS group, a significant decrease (p < 0.05) of these parameters was seen in the nobiletin groups (CIS+NOB, NOB+CIS). This study suggests that nobiletin can be effective in preventing and ameliorating toxic effects of cisplatin on the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filiz Kazak
- Department of Biochemistry, Veterinary Faculty, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Pinar Coskun
- Department of Biochemistry, Veterinary Faculty, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Gul Fatma Yarim
- Department of Biochemistry, Veterinary Faculty, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Nuri Baspinar
- Department of Biochemistry, Veterinary Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Ozdemir
- Department of Pathology, Veterinary Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Burak Ates
- Department of Pathology, Veterinary Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Enes Altug
- Department of Surgery, Veterinary Faculty, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
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Nishi K, Nakatani Y, Ishida M, Kadota A, Sugahara T. Anti-Inflammatory Activity of the Combination of Nobiletin and Docosahexaenoic Acid in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Cells: A Potential Synergistic Anti-Inflammatory Effect. Nutrients 2024; 16:2080. [PMID: 38999828 PMCID: PMC11243305 DOI: 10.3390/nu16132080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate a synergistic anti-inflammatory effect of a citrus flavonoid nobiletin and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), one of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, in combination. Simultaneous treatment with nobiletin and DHA synergistically inhibited nitric oxide production (combination index < 0.9) by mouse macrophage-like RAW 264.7 cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) without cytotoxicity. On the other hand, the inhibitory effect of nobiletin and DHA in combination on proinflammatory cytokine production was not synergistic. Neither nobiletin nor DHA affected the phagocytotic activity of RAW 264.7 cells stimulated with LPS. Immunoblot analysis revealed that the inhibition potency of DHA on the phosphorylation of ERK and p38 and nuclear translocation of NF-κB is markedly enhanced by simultaneously treating with nobiletin, which may lead to the synergistic anti-inflammatory effect. Overall, our findings show the potential of the synergistic anti-inflammatory effect of nobiletin and DHA in combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Nishi
- Food and Health Function Research Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan; (K.N.); (M.I.)
- Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan;
| | - Yuki Nakatani
- Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan;
| | - Momoko Ishida
- Food and Health Function Research Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan; (K.N.); (M.I.)
- Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan;
| | | | - Takuya Sugahara
- Food and Health Function Research Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan; (K.N.); (M.I.)
- Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan;
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Kazak F, Uyar A, Coskun P, Yaman T. Nobiletin alleviates methotrexate-induced hepatorenal toxicity in rats. Biotech Histochem 2024; 99:134-146. [PMID: 38563051 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2024.2335168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
We investigated the possible ameliorative effects of nobiletin (NBL) against methotrexate (MTX)-induced hepatorenal toxicity in rats. Twenty-eight Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into four groups, namely: Control; MTX (administered 20 mg/kg MTX); MTX+NBL (administered 20 mg/kg MTX and 10 mg/kg NBL per day); and NBL (administered 10 mg/kg/day NBL). Histopathological, immunohistochemical and biochemical analyses were performed on the kidney and liver tissues of rats at the end of the study. MTX caused renal toxicity, as indicated by increases in malondialdehyde (MDA) and caspase-3, as well as decreases in reduced glutathione (GSH), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT) and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2). MTX also caused hepatotoxicity, as indicated by increases in 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), MDA and caspase-3 and decrease in interleukin 10 (IL-10), GSH, total antioxidant capacity, GPx, G6PD, CAT and Bcl-2. MTX caused histopathological changes in kidney and liver tissues indicating tissue and cellular damage. Administration of NBL concurrently with methotrexate reduced oxidative stress, inflammatory and apoptotic signs, and prevented kidney and liver damage caused by methotrexate. We consider NBL has attenuating and ameliorating effects on methotrexate-induced hepatorenal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filiz Kazak
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Uyar
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Pinar Coskun
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Turan Yaman
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
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Zhou J, Sun F, Zhang W, Feng Z, Yang Y, Mei Z. Novel insight into the therapeutical potential of flavonoids from traditional Chinese medicine against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1352760. [PMID: 38487170 PMCID: PMC10937431 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1352760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI) is a major contributor to poor prognosis of ischemic stroke. Flavonoids are a broad family of plant polyphenols which are abundant in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and have beneficial effects on several diseases including ischemic stroke. Accumulating studies have indicated that flavonoids derived from herbal TCM are effective in alleviating CIRI after ischemic stroke in vitro or in vivo, and exhibit favourable therapeutical potential. Herein, we systematically review the classification, metabolic absorption, neuroprotective efficacy, and mechanisms of TCM flavonoids against CIRI. The literature suggest that flavonoids exert potential medicinal functions including suppressing excitotoxicity, Ca2+ overloading, oxidative stress, inflammation, thrombin's cellular toxicity, different types of programmed cell deaths, and protecting the blood-brain barrier, as well as promoting neurogenesis in the recovery stage following ischemic stroke. Furthermore, we identified certain matters that should be taken into account in future research, as well as proposed difficulties and opportunities in transforming TCM-derived flavonoids into medications or functional foods for the treatment or prevention of CIRI. Overall, in this review we aim to provide novel ideas for the identification of new prospective medication candidates for the therapeutic strategy against ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Feiyue Sun
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wenli Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhitao Feng
- Third-Grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Chinese Medicine Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Yi Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Traditional Chinese Medical College, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Zhigang Mei
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Third-Grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Chinese Medicine Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
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Kaji M, Kaneko YK, Ihim SA, Kanoh R, Yamamoto M, Yamaguchi M, Ishikawa T. Oral ingestion of Shiikuwasha extract suppresses diabetes progression in db/db mice by preserving β-cell mass. Front Nutr 2024; 10:1336133. [PMID: 38249612 PMCID: PMC10797009 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1336133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Nobiletin is a polymethoxyflavonoid abundant in citrus peels and has been reported to have various bioactive effects. We have previously reported that nobiletin inhibits endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis in the pancreatic β-cell line INS-1 and that continuous subcutaneous administration of nobiletin suppresses the progression of diabetes by protecting β-cells in type 2 diabetic db/db mice. In the present study, we investigated effects of oral ingestion of Shiikuwasha extract rich in nobiletin on the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes in db/db mice. Materials and methods A Shiikuwasha extract was dissolved in MediDrop sucralose. Twenty-four mice were equally divided in three groups and fed with vehicle or low or high dose of Shiikuwasha extract for 4 weeks. Blood glucose levels, pancreatic β-cell mass, serum insulin levels, pancreatic insulin content, and other biomarkers were measured and compared between the groups. Results The group that freely ingested the Shiikuwasha extract containing higher concentration of nobiletin (Shiikuwasha H) showed lower blood glucose levels. At the end of the experiment, the Shiikuwasha H group exhibited improved glucose tolerance, lower serum glycoalbumin levels, and an increase in β-cell area per pancreas compared with the control group. Body weight, food intake, and serum biomarkers related to liver function and lipid metabolism of the Shiikuwasha H group were not different from those of the control group, although water intake of the former was significantly decreased than that of the latter. Conclusion Our results suggest that the oral ingestion of Shiikuwasha extract preserves pancreatic β-cell mass in diabetic mice, which might be attributed to ameliorating the progression of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yukiko K. Kaneko
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
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Ozaki H, Nishidono Y, Fujii A, Okuyama T, Nakamura K, Maesako T, Shirako S, Nakatake R, Tanaka K, Ikeya Y, Nishizawa M. Identification of Anti-Inflammatory Compounds from Peucedanum praeruptorum Roots by Using Nitric Oxide-Producing Rat Hepatocytes Stimulated by Interleukin 1β. Molecules 2023; 28:5076. [PMID: 37446738 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The roots of Peucedanum praeruptorum Dunn and Angelica decursiva Franchet et Savatier are designated Zenko, which is a crude drug defined by the Japanese Pharmacopoeia. This crude drug is used as an antitussive and an expectorant and is included in the Kampo formula Jinsoin, which improves cough, fever, and headache. Although the anti-inflammatory effects of this crude drug have been determined, the constituents responsible for this effect remain unknown. To investigate biologically active compounds, rat hepatocytes were used, which produce proinflammatory mediator nitric oxide (NO) in response to proinflammatory cytokine interleukin 1β (IL-1β). A methanol extract of P. praeruptorum roots, which suppressed IL-1β-induced NO production, was fractionated into three crude fractions (ethyl acetate (EtOAc)-soluble, n-butanol-soluble, and water-soluble fractions) based on hydrophobicity. The EtOAc-soluble fraction markedly inhibited NO production. After this fraction was purified, three biologically active compounds were identified as praeruptorins A, B, and E, the contents of which were high. A comparison of their activities indicated that praeruptorin B exhibited the highest potency to inhibit NO production by decreasing inducible NO synthase expression and suppressed the expression of mRNAs encoding proinflammatory cytokines. Collectively, the three praeruptorins may primarily contribute to the anti-inflammatory effects of P. praeruptorum roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromu Ozaki
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Shiga, Japan
| | - Yuto Nishidono
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Shiga, Japan
- Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Shiga, Japan
| | - Airi Fujii
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Shiga, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Okuyama
- Department of Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata 573-1010, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kaito Nakamura
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Shiga, Japan
| | - Takanori Maesako
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Shiga, Japan
| | - Saki Shirako
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Shiga, Japan
| | - Richi Nakatake
- Department of Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata 573-1010, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ken Tanaka
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Shiga, Japan
| | - Yukinobu Ikeya
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Daiichi University of Pharmacy, Fukuoka 815-8511, Fukuoka, Japan
- Asia-Japan Research Institute, Ritsumeikan Asia-Japan Research Organization, Ritsumeikan University, Ibaraki 567-8570, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mikio Nishizawa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Shiga, Japan
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Shimamura Y, Noaki R, Oura Y, Ichikawa K, Kan T, Masuda S. Regulation of Staphylococcal Enterotoxin-Induced Inflammation in Spleen Cells from Diabetic Mice by Polyphenols. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11041039. [PMID: 37110462 PMCID: PMC10143252 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11041039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with diabetes are known to be more susceptible to infections following the establishment of Staphylococcus aureus in their nasal passages and on their skin. The present study evaluated the effects of staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA) on the immune responses of spleen cells derived from diabetic mice, and examined the effects of polyphenols, catechins, and nobiletin on inflammation-related gene expression associated with the immune response. (-)-Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), possessing hydroxyl groups, interacted with SEA, whereas nobiletin, possessing methyl groups, did not interact with SEA. The exposure of spleen cells derived from diabetic mice to SEA enhanced the expression of interferon gamma, suppressor of cytokine signaling 1, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, interferon-induced transmembrane protein 3, Janus kinase 2, and interferon regulatory factor 3, suggesting that SEA sensitivity is variable in the development of diabetes. Both EGCG and nobiletin changed the expression of genes related to SEA-induced inflammation in spleen cells, suggesting that they inhibit inflammation through different mechanisms. These results may lead to a better understanding of the SEA-induced inflammatory response during diabetogenesis, and the establishment of methods to control these effects with polyphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Shimamura
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Rina Noaki
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Yukino Oura
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Kenya Ichikawa
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Kan
- Department of Synthetic Organic & Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Shuichi Masuda
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
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Peng Q, Zhang Y, Zhu M, Bao F, Deng J, Li W. Polymethoxyflavones from citrus peel: advances in extraction methods, biological properties, and potential applications. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:5618-5630. [PMID: 36530054 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2156476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Citrus peel, as an effective component of citrus by-products, contains a large number of natural active components, including pectin, vitamins, dietary fiber, essential oil, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and so on. With the development of the circular economy, citrus peel has attracted extensive concern in the food industry. The exploitation of citrus peel would assist in excavating potential properties and alleviating the environmental burden. Polymethoxyflavones (PMFs) exist almost in citrus peel, which have remarkable biological activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-obesity. Therefore, PMFs from citrus peel have the potential to develop as dietary supplements in the near future. Collectively, it is essential to take action to optimize the extraction conditions of PMFs and make the most of the extracts. This review mainly compiles several extraction methods and bioactivities of PMFs from citrus peel and introduces different applications including food processing, pharmaceutical industry, and plant rhizosphere to develop better utilization of citrus PMFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Peng
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Mingxuan Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Feng Bao
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Deng
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance, and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wen Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance, and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Iampanichakul M, Poasakate A, Potue P, Rattanakanokchai S, Maneesai P, Prachaney P, Settheetham-Ishida W, Pakdeechote P. Nobiletin resolves left ventricular and renal changes in 2K-1C hypertensive rats. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9289. [PMID: 35662276 PMCID: PMC9166784 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13513-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of nobiletin on cardiorenal changes and the underlying mechanisms involved in two-kidney, one-clip (2K-1C) hypertension. 2K-1C rats were treated with nobiletin (15 or 30 mg/kg/day) or losartan (10 mg/kg/day) for 4 weeks (n = 8/group). Nobiletin (30 mg/kg) reduced high levels of blood pressure and circulating angiotensin II and angiotensin-converting enzyme activity in 2K-1C rats. Left ventricular (LV) dysfunction and remodelling in 2K-1C rats were alleviated in the nobiletin-treated group (P < 0.05). Nobiletin reduced the upregulation of Ang II type I receptor (AT1R)/JAK (Janus kinase)/STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription) protein expression in cardiac tissue of 2K-1C rats (P < 0.05). The reduction in kidney function, and accumulation of renal fibrosis in 2K-1C rats were alleviated by nobiletin (P < 0.05). Overexpression of AT1R and NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4) protein in nonclipped kidney tissue was suppressed in the nobiletin-treated group (P < 0.05). The elevations in oxidative stress parameters and the reductions in antioxidant enzymes were attenuated in 2K-1C rats treated with nobiletin (P < 0.05). In summary, nobiletin had renin-angiotensin system inhibitory and antioxidant effects and attenuated LV dysfunction and remodelling via restoration of the AT1R/JAK/STAT pathway. Nobiletin also resolved renal damage that was related to modulation of the AT1R/Nox4 cascade in 2K-1C hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Metee Iampanichakul
- grid.9786.00000 0004 0470 0856Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002 Thailand
| | - Anuson Poasakate
- grid.9786.00000 0004 0470 0856Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002 Thailand
| | - Prapassorn Potue
- grid.9786.00000 0004 0470 0856Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002 Thailand
| | - Siwayu Rattanakanokchai
- grid.9786.00000 0004 0470 0856Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002 Thailand
| | - Putcharawipa Maneesai
- grid.9786.00000 0004 0470 0856Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002 Thailand ,grid.9786.00000 0004 0470 0856Research Institute for Human High Performance and Health Promotion, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002 Thailand
| | - Parichat Prachaney
- grid.9786.00000 0004 0470 0856Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002 Thailand
| | - Wannapa Settheetham-Ishida
- grid.9786.00000 0004 0470 0856Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002 Thailand
| | - Poungrat Pakdeechote
- grid.9786.00000 0004 0470 0856Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002 Thailand ,grid.9786.00000 0004 0470 0856Research Institute for Human High Performance and Health Promotion, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002 Thailand
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Adham AN, Abdelfatah S, Naqishbandi A, Sugimoto Y, Fleischer E, Efferth T. Transcriptomics, molecular docking, and cross-resistance profiling of nobiletin in cancer cells and synergistic interaction with doxorubicin upon SOX5 transfection. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 100:154064. [PMID: 35344715 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nobiletin is a polymethoxylated flavone from citrus fruit peels. Among other bioactivities, it acts antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and cardiovascular-protective. Nobiletin exerts profound anticancer activity in vitro and in vivo but the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. PURPOSE The aim was to unravel the multiple modes of action against cancer cells by bioinformatic and transcriptomic techniques and their verification by molecular pharmacological methods. METHODS The in silico methods used were COMPARE analysis of transcriptomic data, signaling pathway analysis, transcription factor binding motif analysis in promoter sequences of target genes, and molecular docking. The in vitro methods used were resazurin assay, isobologram analysis, generation of stably SOX5-tranfected cells, and Western blotting. RESULTS Nobiletin was cytotoxic against a wide range of cell lines from different tumor types, including diverse phenotypes to established anticancer drugs (e.g., P-glycoprotein, ABCB5, p53, EGFR). Cross-resistance profiling with 83 standard anticancer drugs revealed a correlation to antihormonal anticancer drugs, which can be explained by the phytoestrogenic features of nobiletin. Transcriptomic analysis showed that the responsiveness of tumor cells was predictable by their specific mRNA expression profile. Nobiletin bound to the transcription factor SOX5 in silico. SOX5 conferred resistance to the control drug doxorubicin but collateral sensitivity to nobiletin in HEK293 cells transfected with a lentiviral GFP-tagged pLOCORF-SOX5 vector. The combination of nobiletin and doxorubicin synergistically killed HEK293-SOX5 cells in isobologram analyses, implying attractive new treatment options. CONCLUSION Nobiletin represents an interesting candidate for cancer therapy with broad-spectrum activity and multiple modes of action. The identification of novel targets (i.e., SOX5) may allow its use for targeted tumor therapy in individualized treatment protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aveen N Adham
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil 44001, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Sara Abdelfatah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Alaadin Naqishbandi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil 44001, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Yoshikazu Sugimoto
- Division of Chemotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Edmond Fleischer
- Fischer Analytics, Department Fischer Organics, 55413 Weiler, Germany
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
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Citrus unshiu Peel Attenuates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Mice due to Modulation of the PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway and MAPK and NF-κB. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:4041402. [PMID: 35620406 PMCID: PMC9129974 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4041402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Aim Citrus unshiu peel has been used to treat various diseases in traditional East Asian medicine including Korea, and many studies have been reported regarding inflammatory diseases including ulcerative colitis (UC). However, the underlying mechanism by which Citrus unshiu peel modulates inflammation in UC remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect and underlying mechanism of Citrus unshiu peel water extract (CUP) for UC. Methods The experiment for UC was conducted with 8-week-old male Balb/c mice. After 1 week of adaptation, acute colitis was induced in all groups except the normal group by 5% DSS dissolved in drinking water for 1 week. Balb/c mice were divided into 5 groups (n = 8/group): control group (Control), distilled water-treated group (DSS), 100 mg/kg sulfasalazine-treated group (SASP), 100 mg/kg CUP-treated group (CUPL), and 200 mg/kg CUP-treated group (CUPH). The efficacy of CUP on UC was evaluated by biochemical analyses such as ROS and MPO in serum and MDA in tissues, and expression of proteins related to inflammation and apoptosis was evaluated through Western blot. Results As a result of confirming the macroscopic changes and H&E staining in colon tissues to confirm the preventive and therapeutic effects of CU, decrease in colon length and inflammatory lesions were inhibited in the CUP-treated group compared to the DSS group. In addition, as a result of serum ROS and tissue MDA analysis and oxidative stress-related protein analysis, it was significantly decreased in the CUP-administered group compared to the control group. In addition, treatment with CUP not only inactivated MAPK, p-IκBα, and NF-κBp65 by blocking the PI3K/Akt pathway but also significantly reduced the expression of inflammatory cytokines. Conclusion These results show that CUP not only suppresses oxidative stress in UC but also regulates inflammation-related proteins and apoptotic proteins by regulating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, suggesting that it has the potential as a material for developing new natural therapeutic agents for UC.
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Hu Q, Liao W, Zhang Z, Shi S, Hou S, Ji N, Zhang X, Zhang Q, Liao Y, Li L, Zhu Z, Chen Y, Chen J, Yu F, Yang Q, Xiao H, Fu C, Du H, Wang Q, Cao H, Xiao H, Li R. The hepatoprotective effects of plant-based foods based on the "gut-liver axis": a prospective review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:9136-9162. [PMID: 35466839 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2064423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The importance of the "gut-liver axis" in the pathogenesis of liver diseases has been revealed recently; which promotes the process of developing preventive and therapeutic strategies. However, considering that there are still many challenges in the medical treatment of liver diseases, potential preventive dietary intervention may be a good alternative choice. Plant-based foods have received much attention due to their reported health-promoting effects in targeting multiple pathways involved in the pathogenesis of liver diseases as well as the relative safety for general use. Based on the PubMed and Web of Science databases, this review emphatically summarizes the plant-based foods and their chemical constituents with reported effects to impact the LPS/TLR4 signaling pathway of gut-liver axis of various liver diseases, reflecting their health benefits in preventing/alleviating liver diseases. Moreover, some plant-based foods with potential gut-liver effects are specifically analyzed from the reported studies and conclusions. This review intends to provide readers an overview of the current progress in the field of this research topic. We expect to see more hepatoprotective measures for alleviating the current prevalence of liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiongdan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Wan Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Sanjun Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Shuguang Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Ningping Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Xinjie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Qian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Yangyang Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Linghui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Zongping Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Yi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Jiao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Fangkun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Qingsong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Hongtao Xiao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
| | - Chaomei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Hengjun Du
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Heping Cao
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Southern Regional Research Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Hang Xiao
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Rui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
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Abstract
Cancer resistance to therapy is a big issue in cancer therapy. Tumours may develop some mechanisms to reduce the induction of cell death, thus stimulating tumour growth. Cancer cells may show a low expression and activity of tumour suppressor genes and a low response to anti-tumour immunity. These mutations can increase the resistance of cancer cells to programmed cell death mechanisms such as apoptosis, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, autophagic cell death, and some others. The upregulation of some mediators and transcription factors such as Akt, nuclear factor of κB, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, Bcl-2, and others can inhibit cell death in cancer cells. Using adjuvants to induce the killing of cancer cells is an interesting strategy in cancer therapy. Nobiletin (NOB) is a herbal-derived agent with fascinating anti-cancer properties. It has been shown to induce the generation of endogenous ROS by cancer cells, leading to damage to critical macromolecules and finally cell death. NOB may induce the activity of p53 and pro-apoptosis mediators, and also inhibit the expression and nuclear translocation of anti-apoptosis mediators. In addition, NOB may induce cancer cell killing by modulating other mechanisms that are involved in programmed cell death mechanisms. This review aims to discuss the cellular and molecular mechanisms of the programmed cell death in cancer by NOB via modulating different types of cell death in cancer.
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do Nascimento RP, dos Santos BL, Amparo JAO, Soares JRP, da Silva KC, Santana MR, Almeida ÁMAN, da Silva VDA, Costa MDFD, Ulrich H, Moura-Neto V, Lopes GPDF, Costa SL. Neuroimmunomodulatory Properties of Flavonoids and Derivates: A Potential Action as Adjuvants for the Treatment of Glioblastoma. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14010116. [PMID: 35057010 PMCID: PMC8778519 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14010116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastomas (GBMs) are tumors that have a high ability to migrate, invade and proliferate in the healthy tissue, what greatly impairs their treatment. These characteristics are associated with the complex microenvironment, formed by the perivascular niche, which is also composed of several stromal cells including astrocytes, microglia, fibroblasts, pericytes and endothelial cells, supporting tumor progression. Further microglia and macrophages associated with GBMs infiltrate the tumor. These innate immune cells are meant to participate in tumor surveillance and eradication, but they become compromised by GBM cells and exploited in the process. In this review we discuss the context of the GBM microenvironment together with the actions of flavonoids, which have attracted scientific attention due to their pharmacological properties as possible anti-tumor agents. Flavonoids act on a variety of signaling pathways, counteracting the invasion process. Luteolin and rutin inhibit NFκB activation, reducing IL-6 production. Fisetin promotes tumor apoptosis, while inhibiting ADAM expression, reducing invasion. Naringenin reduces tumor invasion by down-regulating metalloproteinases expression. Apigenin and rutin induce apoptosis in C6 cells increasing TNFα, while decreasing IL-10 production, denoting a shift from the immunosuppressive Th2 to the Th1 profile. Overall, flavonoids should be further exploited for glioma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravena Pereira do Nascimento
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40110-902, Bahia, Brazil; (R.P.d.N.); (B.L.d.S.); (J.A.O.A.); (J.R.P.S.); (K.C.d.S.); (M.R.S.); (Á.M.A.N.A.); (V.D.A.d.S.); (M.d.F.D.C.)
| | - Balbino Lino dos Santos
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40110-902, Bahia, Brazil; (R.P.d.N.); (B.L.d.S.); (J.A.O.A.); (J.R.P.S.); (K.C.d.S.); (M.R.S.); (Á.M.A.N.A.); (V.D.A.d.S.); (M.d.F.D.C.)
- Academic College of Nurse, Department of Health, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina 56304-205, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Jéssika Alves Oliveira Amparo
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40110-902, Bahia, Brazil; (R.P.d.N.); (B.L.d.S.); (J.A.O.A.); (J.R.P.S.); (K.C.d.S.); (M.R.S.); (Á.M.A.N.A.); (V.D.A.d.S.); (M.d.F.D.C.)
| | - Janaina Ribeiro Pereira Soares
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40110-902, Bahia, Brazil; (R.P.d.N.); (B.L.d.S.); (J.A.O.A.); (J.R.P.S.); (K.C.d.S.); (M.R.S.); (Á.M.A.N.A.); (V.D.A.d.S.); (M.d.F.D.C.)
| | - Karina Costa da Silva
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40110-902, Bahia, Brazil; (R.P.d.N.); (B.L.d.S.); (J.A.O.A.); (J.R.P.S.); (K.C.d.S.); (M.R.S.); (Á.M.A.N.A.); (V.D.A.d.S.); (M.d.F.D.C.)
| | - Monique Reis Santana
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40110-902, Bahia, Brazil; (R.P.d.N.); (B.L.d.S.); (J.A.O.A.); (J.R.P.S.); (K.C.d.S.); (M.R.S.); (Á.M.A.N.A.); (V.D.A.d.S.); (M.d.F.D.C.)
| | - Áurea Maria Alves Nunes Almeida
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40110-902, Bahia, Brazil; (R.P.d.N.); (B.L.d.S.); (J.A.O.A.); (J.R.P.S.); (K.C.d.S.); (M.R.S.); (Á.M.A.N.A.); (V.D.A.d.S.); (M.d.F.D.C.)
| | - Victor Diógenes Amaral da Silva
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40110-902, Bahia, Brazil; (R.P.d.N.); (B.L.d.S.); (J.A.O.A.); (J.R.P.S.); (K.C.d.S.); (M.R.S.); (Á.M.A.N.A.); (V.D.A.d.S.); (M.d.F.D.C.)
| | - Maria de Fátima Dias Costa
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40110-902, Bahia, Brazil; (R.P.d.N.); (B.L.d.S.); (J.A.O.A.); (J.R.P.S.); (K.C.d.S.); (M.R.S.); (Á.M.A.N.A.); (V.D.A.d.S.); (M.d.F.D.C.)
- National Institute for Translational Neurosciences (INCT/CNPq INNT), Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;
| | - Henning Ulrich
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, São Paulo, Brazil
- Correspondence: (H.U.); (S.L.C.)
| | - Vivaldo Moura-Neto
- National Institute for Translational Neurosciences (INCT/CNPq INNT), Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, São Paulo, Brazil
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Paulo Niemeyer State Institute of the Brain, Rio de Janeiro 20230-024, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Giselle Pinto de Faria Lopes
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Admiral Paulo Moreira Institute for Sea Studies (IEAPM), Arraial do Cabo 28930-000, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;
| | - Silvia Lima Costa
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40110-902, Bahia, Brazil; (R.P.d.N.); (B.L.d.S.); (J.A.O.A.); (J.R.P.S.); (K.C.d.S.); (M.R.S.); (Á.M.A.N.A.); (V.D.A.d.S.); (M.d.F.D.C.)
- National Institute for Translational Neurosciences (INCT/CNPq INNT), Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;
- Correspondence: (H.U.); (S.L.C.)
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Liu Y, Yu C, Shao Z, Xia X, Hu T, Kong W, He X, Sun W, Deng Y, Liao Y, Huang H. Selective degradation of AR-V7 to overcome castration resistance of prostate cancer. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:857. [PMID: 34548474 PMCID: PMC8455663 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04162-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Androgen receptor splice variant 7 (AR-V7), a form of ligand-independent and constitutively activating variant of androgen receptor (AR), is considered as the key driver to initiate castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Because AR-V7 lacks ligand-binding domain, the AR-targeted therapies that aim to inactivate AR signaling through disrupting the interaction between AR and androgen are limited in CRPC. Thus, the emergence of AR-V7 has become the greatest challenge for treating CRPC. Targeting protein degradation is a recently proposed novel avenue for cancer treatment. Our previous studies have been shown that the oncoprotein AR-V7 is a substrate of the proteasome. Identifying novel drugs that can trigger the degradation of AR-V7 is therefore critical to cure CRPC. Here we show that nobiletin, a polymethoxylated flavonoid derived from the peel of Citrus fruits, exerts a potent anticancer activity via inducing G0/G1 phase arrest and enhancing the sensitivity of cells to enzalutamide in AR-V7 positive PC cells. Mechanically, we unravel that nobiletin selectively induces proteasomal degradation of AR-V7 (but not AR). This effect relies on its selective inhibition of the interactions between AR-V7 and two deubiquitinases USP14 and USP22. These findings not only enrich our understanding on the mechanism of AR-V7 degradation, but also provide an efficient and druggable target for overcoming CRPC through interfering the stability of AR-V7 mediated by the interaction between AR-V7 and deubiquitinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liu
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, 510095, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, 511436, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Cuifu Yu
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, 510095, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, 511436, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhenlong Shao
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, 511436, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaohong Xia
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, 510095, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Tumei Hu
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, 511436, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Weiyao Kong
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, 511436, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoyue He
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, 511436, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenshuang Sun
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, 511436, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuanfei Deng
- Department of Pathology, First People's Hospital of Foshan, 528000, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuning Liao
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, 510095, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, 511436, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Hongbiao Huang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, 510095, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, 511436, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Tallei TE, Tumilaar SG, Niode NJ, Fatimawali, Kepel BJ, Idroes R, Effendi Y, Sakib SA, Emran TB. Potential of Plant Bioactive Compounds as SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease (M pro) and Spike (S) Glycoprotein Inhibitors: A Molecular Docking Study. SCIENTIFICA 2020; 2020:6307457. [PMID: 33425427 PMCID: PMC7773461 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6307457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 19) pandemic, researchers have been trying to investigate several active compounds found in plants that have the potential to inhibit the proliferation of SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2). The present study aimed to evaluate bioactive compounds found in plants using a molecular docking approach to inhibit the main protease (Mpro) and spike (S) glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2. The evaluation was performed on the docking scores calculated using AutoDock Vina (AV) as a docking engine. A rule of five (Ro5) was calculated to determine whether a compound meets the criteria as an active drug orally in humans. The determination of the docking score was performed by selecting the best conformation of the protein-ligand complex that had the highest affinity (most negative Gibbs' free energy of binding/ΔG). As a comparison, nelfinavir (an antiretroviral drug), chloroquine, and hydroxychloroquine sulfate (antimalarial drugs recommended by the FDA as emergency drugs) were used. The results showed that hesperidin, nabiximols, pectolinarin, epigallocatechin gallate, and rhoifolin had better poses than nelfinavir, chloroquine, and hydroxychloroquine sulfate as spike glycoprotein inhibitors. Hesperidin, rhoifolin, pectolinarin, and nabiximols had about the same pose as nelfinavir but were better than chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine sulfate as Mpro inhibitors. This finding implied that several natural compounds of plants evaluated in this study showed better binding free energy compared to nelfinavir, chloroquine, and hydroxychloroquine sulfate, which so far are recommended in the treatment of COVID-19. From quantum chemical DFT calculations, the ascending order of chemical reactivity of selected compounds was pectolinarin > hesperidin > rhoifolin > morin > epigallocatechin gallate. All isolated compounds' C=O regions are preferable for an electrophilic attack, and O-H regions are suitable for a nucleophilic attack. Furthermore, Homo-Lumo and global descriptor values indicated a satisfactory remarkable profile for the selected compounds. As judged by the RO5 and previous study by others, the compounds kaempferol, herbacetin, eugenol, and 6-shogaol have good oral bioavailability, so they are also seen as promising candidates for the development of drugs to treat infections caused by SARS-CoV-2. The present study identified plant-based compounds that can be further investigated in vitro and in vivo as lead compounds against SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trina Ekawati Tallei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado 95115, Indonesia
| | - Sefren Geiner Tumilaar
- Pharmacy Study Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado 95115, Indonesia
| | - Nurdjannah Jane Niode
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sam Ratulangi, Manado 95115, Indonesia
| | - Fatimawali
- Pharmacy Study Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado 95115, Indonesia
| | - Billy Johnson Kepel
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado 95115, Indonesia
| | - Rinaldi Idroes
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
| | - Yunus Effendi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Al Azhar University, South Jakarta 12110, Indonesia
| | - Shahenur Alam Sakib
- Department of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh
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Flavonoids from Aurantii Fructus Immaturus and Aurantii Fructus: promising phytomedicines for the treatment of liver diseases. Chin Med 2020; 15:89. [PMID: 32863858 PMCID: PMC7449045 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-020-00371-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Liver diseases and related complications are major sources of morbidity and mortality, which places a huge financial burden on patients and lead to nonnegligible social problems. Therefore, the discovery of novel therapeutic drugs for the treatment of liver diseases is urgently required. Aurantii Fructus Immaturus (AFI) and Aurantii Fructus (AF) are frequently used herbal medicines in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulas for the treatment of diverse ailments. A variety of bioactive ingredients have been isolated and identified from AFI and AF, including alkaloids, flavonoids, coumarins and volatile oils. Main body Emerging evidence suggests that flavonoids, especially hesperidin (HD), naringenin (NIN), nobiletin (NOB), naringin (NRG), tangeretin (TN), hesperetin (HT) and eriodictyol (ED) are major representative bioactive ingredients that alleviate diseases through multi-targeting mechanisms, including anti-oxidative stress, anti-cytotoxicity, anti-inflammation, anti-fibrosis and anti-tumor mechanisms. In the current review, we summarize the recent progress in the research of hepatoprotective effects of HD, NIN, NOB, NRG, TN, HT and ED and highlight the potential underlying molecular mechanisms. We also point out the limitations of the current studies and shed light on further in-depth pharmacological and pharmacokinetic studies of these bioactive flavonoids. Conclusion This review outlines the recent advances in the literature and highlights the potential of these flavonoids isolated from AFI and AF as therapeutic agents for the treatment of liver diseases. Further pharmacological studies will accelerate the development of natural products in AFI and AF and their derivatives as medicines with tantalizing prospects in the clinical application.
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Dietary immature Citrus unshiu alleviates UVB- induced photoaging by suppressing degradation of basement membrane in hairless mice. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04218. [PMID: 32577577 PMCID: PMC7303560 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation induces physiological and morphological skin damage, resulting in skin dryness, wrinkle formation, and loss of elasticity. The basement membrane (BM) has been shown to play crucial roles in binding epidermis to dermis tightly, regulating cell differentiation and proliferation, and signaling protein production. Dietary flavonoids have been revealed to improve the damage caused by UV exposure. Immature Citrus unshiu is known to contain high concentrations of flavonoids such as hesperidin and narirutin. In this study, the effects of immature Citrus unshiu powder (ICP) on photoaged skin were demonstrated using UVB irradiated hairless mice. Oral administration of ICP improved loss of skin hydration and increase of transepidermal water loss. The histological analyses of hairless mice dorsal skin revealed that oral administration of ICP improved UVB-induced overgrowth of epidermal cell, suppressed epidermal cell mortality and BM destruction. Therefore, the administration of ICP could improve photoaging by protecting the tissues around BM.
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Ashrafizadeh M, Zarrabi A, Saberifar S, Hashemi F, Hushmandi K, Hashemi F, Moghadam ER, Mohammadinejad R, Najafi M, Garg M. Nobiletin in Cancer Therapy: How This Plant Derived-Natural Compound Targets Various Oncogene and Onco-Suppressor Pathways. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8050110. [PMID: 32380783 PMCID: PMC7277899 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8050110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer therapy is a growing field, and annually, a high number of research is performed to develop novel antitumor drugs. Attempts to find new antitumor drugs continue, since cancer cells are able to acquire resistance to conventional drugs. Natural chemicals can be considered as promising candidates in the field of cancer therapy due to their multiple-targeting capability. The nobiletin (NOB) is a ubiquitous flavone isolated from Citrus fruits. The NOB has a variety of pharmacological activities, such as antidiabetes, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective. Among them, the antitumor activity of NOB has been under attention over recent years. In this review, we comprehensively describe the efficacy of NOB in cancer therapy. NOB induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in cancer cells. It can suppress migration and invasion of cancer cells via the inhibition of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and EMT-related factors such as TGF-β, ZEB, Slug, and Snail. Besides, NOB inhibits oncogene factors such as STAT3, NF-κB, Akt, PI3K, Wnt, and so on. Noteworthy, onco-suppressor factors such as microRNA-7 and -200b undergo upregulation by NOB in cancer therapy. These onco-suppressor and oncogene pathways and mechanisms are discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran;
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, Istanbul 34956, Turkey;
| | - Sedigheh Saberifar
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz 6135783151, Iran;
| | - Farid Hashemi
- DVM. Graduated, Young Researcher and Elite Club, Kazerun Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kazeroon 7319846451, Iran;
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417414418, Iran;
| | - Fardin Hashemi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz 6135715749, Iran;
| | - Ebrahim Rahmani Moghadam
- Student Research Committee, Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7134814336, Iran;
| | - Reza Mohammadinejad
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7619813159, Iran
- Correspondence: (R.M.); (M.N.); (M.G.)
| | - Masoud Najafi
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6715847141, Iran
- Correspondence: (R.M.); (M.N.); (M.G.)
| | - Manoj Garg
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida-201313, India
- Correspondence: (R.M.); (M.N.); (M.G.)
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Deveci Ozkan A, Kaleli S, Onen HI, Sarihan M, Guney Eskiler G, Kalayci Yigin A, Akdogan M. Anti-inflammatory effects of nobiletin on TLR4/TRIF/IRF3 and TLR9/IRF7 signaling pathways in prostate cancer cells. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2020; 42:93-100. [PMID: 32048561 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2020.1725040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Background: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are often expressed in natural immune cells as well as in tumor cells. TLR4 exhibits both tumor promoting and tumor-suppressing roles and higher TLR9 expression is an important marker of poor prognosis in prostate cancer (PCa). Nobiletin (NOB) is an O-methylated flavonoid and NOB has been proven to have anti-cancer effect in PCa cells. However, there is no study in the literature investigating the potential anti-inflammatory effects of NOB on the TLR signaling pathways in cancer. Therefore, we aimed to explore the potential anti-inflammatory effects of NOB on the TLR4/TRIF/IRF3 and TLR9/IRF7 signaling pathways in different types of PCa cell lines, for the first time.Material and methods: In the current study, the cytotoxic effect of NOB PC-3 (hormone-independent and metastatic) and LNCaP cells (hormone-dependent) was evaluated by WST-1 assay. Furthermore, the inhibitory effects of NOB on TLR4/TRIF/IRF3 and TLR9/IRF7signaling pathway were determined by RT-PCR, western blotting and ELISA analysis.Results: NOB demonstrated an inhibitory effect on PCa cell growth and LNCaP cells were more sensitive to NOB than PC-3 cells due to androjen receptor status. Furthermore, NOB alone could suppress TLR4/TRIF/IRF3 and TLR9/IRF7 signaling pathways through the downregulation of their associated pathways (mRNA and related protein levels) and the release of IFN-α and IFN-β compared to LPS or CpG-ODN stimulated PCa cells.Conclusions: NOB potentially inhibited TLR4 and TL9-dependent signaling pathway in PCa cells. However, the efficacy of NOB was different in PCa cells due to the hormone status and aggressive features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asuman Deveci Ozkan
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Suleyman Kaleli
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Hacer Ilke Onen
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Sarihan
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Gamze Guney Eskiler
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Aysel Kalayci Yigin
- Department of Medical Genetic, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, İstanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Akdogan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
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21
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Tallei TE, Tumilaar SG, Niode NJ, Kepel BJ, Idroes R, Effendi Y, Sakib SA, Emran TB. Potential of Plant Bioactive Compounds as SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease (M pro) and Spike (S) Glycoprotein Inhibitors: A Molecular Docking Study. SCIENTIFICA 2020; 2020:6307457. [PMID: 33425427 DOI: 10.20944/preprints202004.0102.v2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 19) pandemic, researchers have been trying to investigate several active compounds found in plants that have the potential to inhibit the proliferation of SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2). The present study aimed to evaluate bioactive compounds found in plants using a molecular docking approach to inhibit the main protease (Mpro) and spike (S) glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2. The evaluation was performed on the docking scores calculated using AutoDock Vina (AV) as a docking engine. A rule of five (Ro5) was calculated to determine whether a compound meets the criteria as an active drug orally in humans. The determination of the docking score was performed by selecting the best conformation of the protein-ligand complex that had the highest affinity (most negative Gibbs' free energy of binding/ΔG). As a comparison, nelfinavir (an antiretroviral drug), chloroquine, and hydroxychloroquine sulfate (antimalarial drugs recommended by the FDA as emergency drugs) were used. The results showed that hesperidin, nabiximols, pectolinarin, epigallocatechin gallate, and rhoifolin had better poses than nelfinavir, chloroquine, and hydroxychloroquine sulfate as spike glycoprotein inhibitors. Hesperidin, rhoifolin, pectolinarin, and nabiximols had about the same pose as nelfinavir but were better than chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine sulfate as Mpro inhibitors. This finding implied that several natural compounds of plants evaluated in this study showed better binding free energy compared to nelfinavir, chloroquine, and hydroxychloroquine sulfate, which so far are recommended in the treatment of COVID-19. From quantum chemical DFT calculations, the ascending order of chemical reactivity of selected compounds was pectolinarin > hesperidin > rhoifolin > morin > epigallocatechin gallate. All isolated compounds' C=O regions are preferable for an electrophilic attack, and O-H regions are suitable for a nucleophilic attack. Furthermore, Homo-Lumo and global descriptor values indicated a satisfactory remarkable profile for the selected compounds. As judged by the RO5 and previous study by others, the compounds kaempferol, herbacetin, eugenol, and 6-shogaol have good oral bioavailability, so they are also seen as promising candidates for the development of drugs to treat infections caused by SARS-CoV-2. The present study identified plant-based compounds that can be further investigated in vitro and in vivo as lead compounds against SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trina Ekawati Tallei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado 95115, Indonesia
| | - Sefren Geiner Tumilaar
- Pharmacy Study Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado 95115, Indonesia
| | - Nurdjannah Jane Niode
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sam Ratulangi, Manado 95115, Indonesia
| | - Billy Johnson Kepel
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado 95115, Indonesia
| | - Rinaldi Idroes
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
| | - Yunus Effendi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Al Azhar University, South Jakarta 12110, Indonesia
| | - Shahenur Alam Sakib
- Department of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh
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Hu SL, Wang K, Shi YF, Shao ZX, Zhang CX, Sheng KW, Ge ZD, Chen JX, Wang XY. Downregulating Akt/NF-κB signaling and its antioxidant activity with Loureirin A for alleviating the progression of osteoarthritis: In vitro and vivo studies. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 78:105953. [PMID: 31784401 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis(OA) is one of the most common diseases in orthopedics. It is characterized by degeneration of articular cartilage and chronic inflammation. In this study, we aim to elucidate the mechanism of Loureirin A's therapeutic effect in OA progression. In vitro, Loureirin A pretreatment can significantly inhibit production of NO, PGE2, COX-2, TNF-α, iNOS andIL-6 induced by IL-1β in mouse articular chondrocytes. Moreover, Loureirin A suppressed the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9), which leads to degradation of the extracellular matrix. The degradation of aggrecan and type II collagen protein in the extracellular matrix (ECM) stimulated by IL-1β was reversed. For signal pathway research, Loureirin A dramatically inhibited the phosphorylation of AKT and subsequent NF-κB entering into the nucleus caused by IL-1β in chondrocytes. Besides, a number of related indicators suggested that Loureirin A has a strong antioxidant activity in the treatment of osteoarthritis via increasing content of SOD2 and suppressing MDA and ROS. In addition, in vivo study demonstrated that Loureirin A could ameliorated the progression of OA in mice DMM model In conclusion, all results showed that Loureirin A may be a potential therapeutic candidate for the OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Li Hu
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yi-Feng Shi
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhen-Xuan Shao
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chen-Xi Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ke-Wen Sheng
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zheng-Dan Ge
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jiao-Xiang Chen
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiang-Yang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
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Xie L, Xie H, Chen C, Tao Z, Zhang C, Cai L. Inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signal pathway with nobiletin for attenuating the development of osteoarthritis: in vitro and in vivo studies. Food Funct 2019; 10:2161-2175. [PMID: 30938722 DOI: 10.1039/c8fo01786g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), an age-related degenerative disease, is characterized by progressive degradation of the articular cartilage. There is increasing evidence that nobiletin (NOB) exerts special biological functions in a variety of diseases. However, whether it protects against OA remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective effects of NOB on IL-1β-induced human OA chondrocytes and in the surgical DMM mice OA models. In vitro, NOB treatment completely suppressed the overproduction of pro-inflammatory mediators, including PGE2, NO, COX-2, iNOS, TNF-α and IL-6 in IL-1β-induced human OA chondrocytes. Moreover, NOB exerted a potent inhibitory effect on the expression of MMP-13 and ADAMTS-5 as well as the degradation of aggrecan and collagen-II, which leads to the degradation of the extracellular matrix. Furthermore, NOB dramatically suppressed the IL-1β-stimulated phosphorylation of PI3K/Akt and activation of NF-κB in human OA chondrocytes. In addition, treatment with NOB not only prevented the destruction of cartilage and the thickening of subchondral bone but also relieved synovitis in mice OA models. In conclusion, our study suggests that NOB holds novel therapeutic potential for the treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linzhen Xie
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China.
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Nakanishi M, Hino M, Yoshimura M, Amakura Y, Nomoto H. Identification of sinensetin and nobiletin as major antitrypanosomal factors in a citrus cultivar. Exp Parasitol 2019; 200:24-29. [PMID: 30898543 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Cases of human African trypanosomiasis caused by infection with a protozoan parasite, Trypanosoma brucei, are decreasing due to enhanced surveillance and control. However, effective and safe treatments for this disease are still needed. In this study, we investigated the antitrypanosomal activity of citrus fruit peel. When 19 citrus cultivars were examined for activity against T. brucei in vitro, significant activities were observed in four closely related cultivars and a distantly related one. Among these five cultivars, "Setoka" was selected for identification of its active components due to exhibiting the highest activity. Solvent extraction and gel filtration followed by preparative thin-layer chromatography succeeded in isolating two compounds exhibiting IC50s of 4.8 and 2.4 μg/mL, respectively. The spectral data of these two compounds were well consistent with those of sinensetin and nobiletin belonging to the class of polymethoxyflavones. Authentic compounds also showed similar IC50s. These results indicate that the two polymethoxyflavones are the major active components involved in the inhibition of T. brucei proliferation and are abundant in Setoka cultivar peel compared with the levels in the other cultivars. Setoka peel and the naturally occurring polymethoxyflavones might serve as dietary components imparting resistance to T. brucei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Nakanishi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, Matsuyama, Ehime, 790-8578, Japan.
| | - Mami Hino
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, Matsuyama, Ehime, 790-8578, Japan
| | - Morio Yoshimura
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, Matsuyama, Ehime, 790-8578, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Amakura
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, Matsuyama, Ehime, 790-8578, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nomoto
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, Matsuyama, Ehime, 790-8578, Japan
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Sakuranetin downregulates inducible nitric oxide synthase expression by affecting interleukin-1 receptor and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β. J Nat Med 2018; 73:353-368. [PMID: 30467676 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-018-1267-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Pruni Cortex is a herbal drug from the bark of the Japanese flowering cherries, Prunus jamasakura or Prunus verecunda, and is included in the traditional Japanese herbal (Kampo) formula Jumihaidokuto, which is administered orally to patients suffering from inflammatory skin diseases. The flavanones contained in Pruni Cortex (e.g., sakuranetin and naringenin) have potent anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, and anti-microbial activities. Although the effects of Pruni Cortex on skin disease have been well studied, reports regarding its pharmacological effects on the liver are limited. In this study, we extracted the bark of Prunus jamasakura and purified it to isolate the pharmacologically active constituents by monitoring nitric oxide (NO) production in rat hepatocytes that were treated with the pro-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin (IL)-1β. Sakuranetin and (-)-naringenin, which were present in an ethyl acetate-soluble fraction of the bark extract, significantly inhibited NO induction and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression. These two flavanones decreased the expression of type 1 IL-1 receptor gene and phosphorylation of Akt, also known as protein kinase B, which is regulated by phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K). Furthermore, sakuranetin decreased the phosphorylation of the activator isoforms of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBPβ), which synergistically activates the transcription of the iNOS gene with nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Therefore, sakuranetin inhibited the co-activating activity of C/EBPβ with NF-κB, leading to the suppression of iNOS gene expression in hepatocytes. Taken together, sakuranetin in Pruni Cortex downregulated the iNOS gene by inhibiting PI3K/Akt signal transduction and the phosphorylation of C/EBPβ. These results imply that sakuranetin may be primarily responsible for the anti-inflammatory effects of Pruni Cortex in the liver.
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Clinical Investigations of the Effect of Citrus unshiu Peel Pellet on Obesity and Lipid Profile. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:4341961. [PMID: 30327679 PMCID: PMC6169216 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4341961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Several experimental studies have reported antiobesity and lipid-improving effects of Citrus unshiu. However, clinical studies on its effects are lacking. This study was designed to evaluate the impact of Citrus unshiu peel pellet (CUPP) on obesity and lipid profile. Methods For 118 patients with body mass index (BMI) > 23 who took Citrus unshiu peel pellet (CUPP) for 4 weeks in a Public Health Center, laboratory and biometric readings before and after CUPP administration were analyzed. Results Mean age of these subjects was 53.8±10.6 years (range: 18-75 years). There were 88 (74.6%) females in the study sample (n = 118). A significant (p < 0.01) decrease in BMI from 27.47±2.24 to 27.27±2.22 was observed in all subjects after CUPP treatment and 65.3% (N = 77) of them lost 1.03±0.83 kg of weight after 4 weeks of treatment. Total cholesterol level was significantly (p < 0.01) decreased from 204.0±37.4 mg/dL to 193.5±36.5 mg/dL. Significant (p < 0.05) decreases in levels of low-density lipoprotein, cholesterol, and triglyceride were also observed. Conclusions These results suggest that CUPP in practice could help weight control and improve total cholesterol level. Findings of this study provide clinical foundation for future large-scale trials to establish clinical benefits of CUPP.
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The Multifunctional Effects of Nobiletin and Its Metabolites In Vivo and In Vitro. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:2918796. [PMID: 27761146 PMCID: PMC5059563 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2918796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2016] [Revised: 08/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Nobiletin (NOB) chemically known as 5,6,7,8,3′,4′-hexamethoxyflavone is a dietary polymethoxylated flavonoid found in Citrus fruits. Recent evidences show that NOB is a multifunctional pharmaceutical agent. The various pharmacological activities of NOB include neuroprotection, cardiovascular protection, antimetabolic disorder, anticancer, anti-inflammation, and antioxidation. These events may be underpinned by modulation of signaling cascades, including PKA/ERK/MEK/CREB, NF-κB, MAPK, Ca2+/CaMKII, PI3K/Akt1/2, HIF-1α, and TGFβ signaling pathways. The metabolites may exhibit stronger beneficial effects than NOB on diseases pathogenesis. The biological activities of NOB have been clarified on many systems. This review aims to discuss the pharmacological effects of NOB with specific mechanisms of actions. NOB may become a promising candidate for potential drug development. However, further investigations of NOB on specific intracellular targets and clinical trials are still needed, especially for in vivo medical applications.
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Kim TW, Lee DR, Choi BK, Kang HK, Jung JY, Lim SW, Yang SH, Suh JW. Hepatoprotective effects of polymethoxyflavones against acute and chronic carbon tetrachloride intoxication. Food Chem Toxicol 2016; 91:91-9. [PMID: 26980244 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we explore the protective effects of Citrus aurantium L. extract (CAE) against acute and chronic CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity. The quantitative analysis of CAE was performed using HPLC-UV to determine the nobiletin content was approximately 27%. For the acute model, the male ICR mice were orally treated with water, silymarin (positive control, 200 mg/kg) and CAE (50 and 200 mg/kg) for 3 days prior to CCl4 (1 mL/kg, 50% v/v in olive oil) IP injection. For the chronic model (n = 6/group), the mice were treated with each treatment for 28 consecutive days and CCl4 (1 mL/kg, 20%) was injected twice a week. In both the acute and chronic models, the CCl4 alone treated group showed histopathologic alterations with a significantly increase in serum hepatic enzyme levels together with a disrupted anti-oxidative status. In contrast, the CAE treatments restored pathologic alterations and recovered the oxidative status by enhancing antioxidant enzymes and reducing lipid peroxidation levels. Furthermore, CAE enhanced nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its related cytoprotective signals, including NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1, UDP-glucuronosyltransferase, and γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase. Taken together, the present study demonstrates that CAE exerts a protective effect against CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity with its anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Won Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Veterinary Science, Chungnam National University, Yusung-gu, Daejeon, 305-764, South Korea
| | | | | | - Hwan-Kyu Kang
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Veterinary Science, Chungnam National University, Yusung-gu, Daejeon, 305-764, South Korea
| | - Ju-Young Jung
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Veterinary Science, Chungnam National University, Yusung-gu, Daejeon, 305-764, South Korea
| | - Seol-Wa Lim
- Graduate School of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, Catholic University, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, South Korea
| | - Seung Hwan Yang
- Center for Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Materials, Myongji University, Yongin, Gyeonggi, 449-728, South Korea.
| | - Joo-Won Suh
- Center for Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Materials, Myongji University, Yongin, Gyeonggi, 449-728, South Korea.
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Lv X, Zhao S, Ning Z, Zeng H, Shu Y, Tao O, Xiao C, Lu C, Liu Y. Citrus fruits as a treasure trove of active natural metabolites that potentially provide benefits for human health. Chem Cent J 2015; 9:68. [PMID: 26705419 PMCID: PMC4690266 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-015-0145-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Citrus fruits, which are cultivated worldwide, have been recognized as some of the most high-consumption fruits in terms of energy, nutrients and health supplements. What is more, a number of these
fruits have been used as traditional medicinal herbs to cure diseases in several Asian countries. Numerous studies have focused on Citrus secondary metabolites as well as bioactivities and have been intended to develop new chemotherapeutic or complementary medicine in recent decades. Citrus-derived secondary metabolites, including flavonoids, alkaloids, limonoids, coumarins, carotenoids, phenolic acids and essential oils, are of vital importance to human health due to their active properties. These characteristics include anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, as well as cardiovascular protective effects, neuroprotective effects, etc. This review summarizes the global distribution and taxonomy, numerous secondary metabolites and bioactivities of Citrus fruits to provide a reference for further study. Flavonoids as characteristic bioactive metabolites in Citrus fruits are mainly introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinmiao Lv
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Siyu Zhao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Zhangchi Ning
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Honglian Zeng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Yisong Shu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Ou Tao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Cheng Xiao
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Cheng Lu
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700 China ; School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077 China
| | - Yuanyan Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029 China
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30
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Chen D, Huang Y, Liang H, Xie Y. Column chromatographic extraction for quickly separating the volatiles, flavonoids, and pectin from tangerine peel. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2015.1086802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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31
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Wu X, Song M, Wang M, Zheng J, Gao Z, Xu F, Zhang G, Xiao H. Chemopreventive effects of nobiletin and its colonic metabolites on colon carcinogenesis. Mol Nutr Food Res 2015; 59:2383-94. [PMID: 26445322 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201500378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Revised: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Nobiletin (NBT) is a major citrus flavonoid with various health benefits. Herein, we investigated the colon cancer chemopreventive effects of NBT and its colonic metabolites in a colitis-associated colon carcinogenesis mouse model as well as in human colon cancer cell models. METHODS AND RESULTS In azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium treated mice, oral administration of NBT effectively decreased both incidence and multiplicity of colonic tumors. NBT showed significant antiproliferative, proapoptotic, and anti-inflammatory effects in the mouse colon. HPLC analysis revealed that oral administration of NBT resulted in high levels of metabolites, i.e. 3'-demethylnobiletin (M1), 4'-demethylnobiletin (M2), and 3',4'-didemethylnobiletin (M3) in the colonic mucosa. In contrast, the colonic level of NBT was about 20-fold lower than the total colonic level of three metabolites. Cell culture studies demonstrated that the colonic metabolites of NBT significantly inhibited the growth of human colon cancer cells, caused cell-cycle arrest, induced apoptosis, and profoundly modulated signaling proteins related with cell proliferation and cell death. All of these effects were much stronger than those produced by NBT alone. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated that oral administration of NBT significantly inhibited colitis-associated colon carcinogenesis in mice, and this chemopreventive effect was strongly associated with its colonic metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Wu
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Mingyue Song
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Minqi Wang
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Jinkai Zheng
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA.,Institute of Agro-Products Processing Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Zili Gao
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Fei Xu
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Guodong Zhang
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Hang Xiao
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
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32
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Choi BK, Kim TW, Lee DR, Jung WH, Lim JH, Jung JY, Yang SH, Suh JW. A polymethoxy flavonoids-rich Citrus aurantium
extract ameliorates ethanol-induced liver injury through modulation of AMPK and Nrf2-related signals in a binge drinking mouse model. Phytother Res 2015; 29:1577-84. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Revised: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bong-Keun Choi
- NutraPham Tech; Giheung-gu, Yongin Gyeonggi 446-916 Korea
| | - Tae-Won Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science; Chungnam National University; Yusung-gu Daejeon 305-764 Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Ryung Lee
- NutraPham Tech; Giheung-gu, Yongin Gyeonggi 446-916 Korea
| | - Woon-Ha Jung
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science; Chungnam National University; Yusung-gu Daejeon 305-764 Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hwan Lim
- Center for Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Materials; Myongji University; Yongin Gyeonggi 449-728 Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Young Jung
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science; Chungnam National University; Yusung-gu Daejeon 305-764 Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hwan Yang
- Center for Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Materials; Myongji University; Yongin Gyeonggi 449-728 Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Won Suh
- Center for Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Materials; Myongji University; Yongin Gyeonggi 449-728 Republic of Korea
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33
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Tanemoto R, Okuyama T, Matsuo H, Okumura T, Ikeya Y, Nishizawa M. The constituents of licorice ( Glycyrrhiza uralensis) differentially suppress nitric oxide production in interleukin-1β-treated hepatocytes. Biochem Biophys Rep 2015; 2:153-159. [PMID: 29124157 PMCID: PMC5668654 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2015.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Revised: 05/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Licorice (Glycyrrhizae radix) is the roots and stolons of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fischer or Glycyrrhiza glabra Linnaeus in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia. Glycyrrhizae radix has been widely used as a sweetener and a traditional medicine. A Glycyrrhizae radix extract contains many constituents and has antispasmodic, antitussive, anti-ulcer, and anti-inflammatory effects. However, reports comparing the anti-inflammatory effects of these constituents are very few. Here, we purified several constituents from the roots and stolons of G. uralensis and examined and compared their anti-inflammatory effects by monitoring the levels of the inflammatory mediator, nitric oxide (NO), in interleukin (IL)-1β-treated rat hepatocytes. From the G. uralensis extract, we purified the main constituent glycyrrhizin and the constituents that are characteristic of G. uralensis (chalcones and flavanones). These constituents suppressed NO production in IL-1β-treated rat hepatocytes, and isoliquiritigenin showed the greatest suppression activity. Isoliquiritigenin, isoliquiritin, and liquiritigenin significantly decreased both protein and mRNA for the inducible nitric oxide synthase. These constituents reduced the levels of mRNAs encoding tumor necrosis factor α and IL-6. In contrast, although glycyrrhizin is abundant, it showed a 100-fold lower potency in NO suppression. Therefore, both glycyrrhizin and the minor constituents (isoliquiritigenin, isoliquiritin, and liquiritigenin) may be responsible for the anti-inflammatory effects of G. uralensis. It is also implied that these constituents may have a therapeutic potential for inflammatory hepatic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryunosuke Tanemoto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan.,Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Okuyama
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Matsuo
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Tadayoshi Okumura
- Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan.,Department of Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yukinobu Ikeya
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Mikio Nishizawa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
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Potent natural products and herbal medicines for treating liver fibrosis. Chin Med 2015; 10:7. [PMID: 25897319 PMCID: PMC4403904 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-015-0036-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is a wound-healing response to chronic liver injury characterized by progressive inflammation and deposition of extracellular matrix components. The pathological condition of liver fibrosis involves secretion of extracellular matrix proteins and formation of scar tissue. The major regulators involved in hepatic fibrogenesis are the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1/SMAD and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-initiated myeloid differentiation primary response 88 gene (MyD88)/NF-ĸB cell signaling pathways. This article reviews natural products and herbal medicines that have demonstrated activity against liver fibrosis through different mechanisms of action, including anti-hepatitis B and C virus activity, anti-inflammation, inhibition of cytokine production and nuclear receptor activation, and free radical scavenging.
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35
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Zhu W, Yang B, Fu H, Ma L, Liu T, Chai R, Zheng Z, Zhang Q, Li G. Flavone inhibits nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity, nitric oxide production and protein S-nitrosylation in breast cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 458:590-595. [PMID: 25680459 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.01.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
As the core structure of flavonoids, flavone has been proved to possess anticancer effects. Flavone's growth inhibitory functions are related to NO. NO is synthesized by nitric oxide synthase (NOS), and generally increased in a variety of cancer cells. NO regulates multiple cellular responses by S-nitrosylation. In this study, we explored flavone-induced regulations on nitric oxide (NO)-related cellular processes in breast cancer cells. Our results showed that, flavone suppresses breast cancer cell proliferation and induces apoptosis. Flavone restrains NO synthesis by does-dependent inhibiting NOS enzymatic activity. The decrease of NO generation was detected by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. Flavone-induced inhibitory effect on NOS activity is dependent on intact cell structure. For the NO-induced protein modification, flavone treatment significantly down-regulated protein S-nitrosylation, which was detected by "Biotin-switch" method. The present study provides a novel, NO-related mechanism for the anticancer function of flavone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhen Zhu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Bingwu Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Huiling Fu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Long Ma
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Rongfei Chai
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Zhaodi Zheng
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Qunye Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research Chinese Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Guorong Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China.
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Inaba H, Yoshigai E, Okuyama T, Murakoshi M, Sugiyama K, Nishino H, Nishizawa M. Antipyretic analgesic drugs have different mechanisms for regulation of the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in hepatocytes and macrophages. Nitric Oxide 2014; 44:61-70. [PMID: 25499030 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2014.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Revised: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Antipyretic analgesic drugs (including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) inhibit cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), resulting in decreases of the proinflammatory mediators prostaglandin E2 and nitric oxide (NO), respectively. Both mediators are regulated by nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), a key transcription factor in inflammation. Few reports have compared the efficacy and potency of anti-inflammatory drugs as NO inhibitors. In our study, we examined the effects of four popular antipyretic analgesic drugs on NO production induced in hepatocytes and macrophages. Mouse RAW264.7 macrophages treated with bacterial lipopolysaccharide showed the highest efficacy with regard to NO production; aspirin, loxoprofen, ibuprofen, and acetaminophen dose-dependently suppressed NO induction. Ibuprofen showed the highest potency in suppressing the induced production of NO. In rat hepatocytes, all the drugs inhibited interleukin 1β-induced NO production and ibuprofen and loxoprofen inhibited NO induction effectively. Unexpectedly, the potency of NO suppression of each drug in hepatocytes did not always correlate with that observed in RAW264.7 cells. Microarray analyses of mRNA expression in hepatocytes revealed that the effects of the four antipyretic analgesic drugs modulated the NF-κB signaling pathway in a similar manner to the regulation of the expression of genes associated with inflammation, including the iNOS gene. However, the affected signal-transducing molecules in the NF-κB pathway were different for each drug. Therefore, antipyretic analgesic drugs may decrease NO production by modulating the NF-κB pathway in different ways, which could confer different efficacies and potencies with regard to their anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Inaba
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan; Research and Development Headquarters, Lion Corporation, Odawara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Emi Yoshigai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Okuyama
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan; Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Michiaki Murakoshi
- Research and Development Headquarters, Lion Corporation, Odawara, Kanagawa, Japan; Department of Biochemistry, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Keikichi Sugiyama
- Research and Development Headquarters, Lion Corporation, Odawara, Kanagawa, Japan; Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Hoyoku Nishino
- Department of Biochemistry, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan; Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Mikio Nishizawa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan.
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37
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Sahihi M, Ghayeb Y. An investigation of molecular dynamics simulation and molecular docking: Interaction of citrus flavonoids and bovine β-lactoglobulin in focus. Comput Biol Med 2014; 51:44-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2014.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Revised: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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38
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Kadakkuzha BM, Liu XA, Narvaez M, Kaye A, Akhmedov K, Puthanveettil SV. Asymmetric localization of natural antisense RNA of neuropeptide sensorin in Aplysia sensory neurons during aging and activity. Front Genet 2014; 5:84. [PMID: 24795747 PMCID: PMC4001032 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2014.00084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2013] [Accepted: 03/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the advances in our understanding of transcriptome, regulation and function of its non-coding components continue to be poorly understood. Here we searched for natural antisense transcript for sensorin (NAT-SRN), a neuropeptide expressed in the presynaptic sensory neurons of gill-withdrawal reflex of the marine snail Aplysia californica. Sensorin (SRN) has a key role in learning and long-term memory storage in Aplysia. We have now identified NAT-SRN in the central nervous system (CNS) and have confirmed its expression by northern blotting and fluorescent RNA in situ hybridization. Quantitative analysis of NAT-SRN in micro-dissected cell bodies and processes of sensory neurons suggest that NAT-SRN is present in the distal neuronal processes along with sense transcripts. Importantly, aging is associated with reduction in levels of NAT-SRN in sensory neuron processes. Furthermore, we find that forskolin, an activator of CREB signaling, differentially alters the distribution of SRN and NAT-SRN. These studies reveal novel insights into physiological regulation of natural antisense RNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beena M Kadakkuzha
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Xin-An Liu
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Maria Narvaez
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Alexandra Kaye
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute Jupiter, FL, USA
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39
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Yamanishi R, Yoshigai E, Okuyama T, Mori M, Murase H, Machida T, Okumura T, Nishizawa M. The anti-inflammatory effects of flavanol-rich lychee fruit extract in rat hepatocytes. PLoS One 2014; 9:e93818. [PMID: 24705335 PMCID: PMC3976307 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavanol (flavan-3-ol)-rich lychee fruit extract (FRLFE) is a mixture of oligomerized polyphenols primarily derived from lychee fruit and is rich in flavanol monomers, dimers, and trimers. Supplementation with this functional food has been shown to suppress inflammation and tissue damage caused by high-intensity exercise training. However, it is unclear whether FRLFE has in vitro anti-inflammatory effects, such as suppressing the production of the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and the proinflammatory mediator nitric oxide (NO), which is synthesized by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Here, we analyzed the effects of FRLFE and its constituents on the expression of inflammatory genes in interleukin 1β (IL-1β)-treated rat hepatocytes. FRLFE decreased the mRNA and protein expression of the iNOS gene, leading to the suppression of IL-1β-induced NO production. FRLFE also decreased the levels of the iNOS antisense transcript, which stabilizes iNOS mRNA. By contrast, unprocessed lychee fruit extract, which is rich in flavanol polymers, and flavanol monomers had little effect on NO production. When a construct harboring the iNOS promoter fused to the firefly luciferase gene was used, FRLFE decreased the luciferase activity in the presence of IL-1β, suggesting that FRLFE suppresses the promoter activity of the iNOS gene at the transcriptional level. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays indicated that FRLFE reduced the nuclear transport of a key regulator, nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Furthermore, FRLFE inhibited the phosphorylation of NF-κB inhibitor α (IκB-α). FRLFE also reduced the mRNA levels of NF-κB target genes encoding cytokines and chemokines, such as TNF-α. Therefore, FRLFE inhibited NF-κB activation and nuclear translocation to suppress the expression of these inflammatory genes. Our results suggest that flavanols may be responsible for the anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective effects of FRLFE and may be used to treat inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Yamanishi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Emi Yoshigai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Okuyama
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Mori
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Murase
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Toru Machida
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Tadayoshi Okumura
- Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mikio Nishizawa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
- * E-mail:
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