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Saputra F, Hu SY, Kishida M. Exposure to nitrate and nitrite disrupts cardiovascular development through estrogen receptor in zebrafish embryos and larvae. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2024:10.1007/s10695-024-01381-y. [PMID: 39026114 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-024-01381-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Increasing nitrate concentration on surface and groundwater due to anthropogenic activities is an environmental concern. In this study, Tg(fli1: EGFP) zebrafish embryos were exposed to nitrate (NO3-) and nitrite (NO2-), and their cardiovascular development were investigated. Exposure to 10 mg/L NO3-N and 1 and 10 mg/L NO2-N decreased heart rate at 48-96-h post-fertilization (hpf), ventricular volume, and red blood cell flow rate at 96 hpf. Similar concentrations increased the number of embryos and larvae with pericardial edema and missing intersegmental and parachordal vessels in the caudal region at 48-96 hpf. Addition of ICI 182,720 (ICI) reversed the effects of nitrate and nitrite, suggesting estrogen receptors (ER) are involved. 10 mg/L NO3-N and 1 mg/L NO2-N decreased cardiovascular-related genes, gata4,5,6, hand2, nkx2.5, nkx2.7, tbx2a, tbx2b, and fgf1a. Gene expressions of ovarian aromatase and brain aromatase (cyp19a1a and cyp19a1b, respectively) decreased in the exposed groups, whereas ERs (esr1, esr2a, and esr2b) and nitric oxide synthase 2a (nos2a) increased. The effects on gene expression were also reversed by addition of ICI. Taken together, nitrate and nitrite disrupt cardiovascular system through ER in developing zebrafish, implying that environmental nitrate and nitrite contamination may be harmful to aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Febriyansyah Saputra
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan
| | - Shao-Yang Hu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Mitsuyo Kishida
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan.
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2
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Saputra F, Kishida M, Hu SY. Nitrate and Nitrite Exposure Induces Visual Impairments in Adult Zebrafish. TOXICS 2024; 12:518. [PMID: 39058170 PMCID: PMC11281020 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12070518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Nitrate and nitrite have emerged as increasingly common environmental pollutants, posing significant risks to various forms of life within ecosystems. To understand their impact on the visual system of zebrafish, adult zebrafish were exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of nitrate (10 mg/L) and nitrite (1 mg/L) for 7 days. Visual behaviors were examined using optomotor and avoidance response. The eyeballs of the zebrafish were collected for H&E staining, IHC, and qPCR. Exposure decreased visual behavior and the thickness of most retinal layers. Exposure decreased expression of pax6a, pax6b, gpx1a, and bcl2a. Exposure increased expression of esr1, esr1a, esr2b, cyp19a1b, sod1a, nos2a, casps3, and tp53, and increased retinal brain aromatase expression by IHC. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that nitrate and nitrite exposure negatively impacted the visual system of adult zebrafish, highlighting the potential hazards of these environmental pollutants on aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Febriyansyah Saputra
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan;
| | - Mitsuyo Kishida
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan;
| | - Shao-Yang Hu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan
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Chandra RK, Bhardwaj AK, Pati AK, Tripathi MK. Seasonal Immune Rhythms of head kidney and spleen cells in the freshwater Teleost, Channa punctatus. FISH AND SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY REPORTS 2023; 5:100110. [PMID: 37456710 PMCID: PMC10344798 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsirep.2023.100110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Annual rhythms in immune function are the reflection of a crucial physiological strategy to deal with environmental stressors. The fish are pivotal animal models to study the annual rhythm and to understand the evolution of the vertebrate biological system. The current research was planned to assess the annual changes in the innate immune functions of immune cells in a teleost, Channa punctatus. Head kidney and splenic macrophage phagocytosis, superoxide generation, and nitrite release were evaluated to assess innate immunity. Cell-mediated immunity was measured through head kidney and splenic lymphocyte proliferation in presence of mitogens. The superoxide anion generation by the cells of head kidney and spleen was maximum in October. A bimodal pattern in nitrite production was observed with the first peak in November and the second in March. Cosinor analysis revealed a statistically significant annual rhythm in nitrite production. Similarly, phagocytosis and lymphocyte proliferation also showed statistically significant annual rhythms. It was concluded that animals maintain an optimum immune response in seasonally changing environments. Elevated immunity during certain times of the year might assist animals deal with seasonal environmental stressors. Further research may be focused upon measuring survival rate and reproductive success after season induced elevated immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Kumar Chandra
- Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Ajay Kumar Bhardwaj
- Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Atanu Kumar Pati
- Executive Member, Odisha State Higher Education Council, Government of Odisha, Bhubaneswar 751 002, Odisha, India
- Former Professor of Bioscience and Dean - Life Sciences, School of Studies in Life Science, Pandit Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur 492010, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Manish Kumar Tripathi
- Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India
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4
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Lee SH, Kim HY. Analysis of Quality and Color Properties according to the Gas Composition (Modified Atmosphere Packaging) of Pork Sous-Vide Ham Preserved in Natural Brine. Food Sci Anim Resour 2023; 43:580-593. [PMID: 37484006 PMCID: PMC10359847 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2023.e20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to analyze whether seawater has positive effects on appearance characteristics, such as CIE a*, and to determine the gas composition concentration that is suitable for maintaining it. Pork hind meat was cured with four types of curing agent for 5 d at 4°C. The different curing agents comprised the control salt, control nitrite pickling salt (CN), treatment brine, and treatment bittern (BT). The cured hams were cooked at 65°C for 4 h and packaged at O2:N2 gas ratios of 7:3, 8:2, and 9:1 for 3 wk. The physicochemical properties were assessed immediately after heating the sample, and the color properties were measured after a 3 wk storage period. Based on the correlation results of the physicochemical properties, BT had a higher curing and cooking yield than the other treatments, owing to its high salinity. Results of color properties for BT (7:3) and CN (8:2) showed similar color CIE L*, CIE a* chroma, and hue angle values. Therefore, BT can be said to be a sous-vide curing agent suitable for preserving the color of ham, and a high nitrogen concentration of 30% helps to maintain the appearance of seawater sous-vide ham.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sol-Hee Lee
- Department of Animal Resources Science,
Kongju National University, Yesan 32439, Korea
| | - Hack-Youn Kim
- Department of Animal Resources Science,
Kongju National University, Yesan 32439, Korea
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Ulhaq ZS, Ogino Y, Tse WKF. FGF8 rescues motor deficits in zebrafish model of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy R18. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 652:76-83. [PMID: 36827861 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
Variants in the gene encoding trafficking protein particle complex 11 (TRAPPC11) cause limb-girdle muscular dystrophy R18 (LGMD R18). Although recently several genes related to myopathies have been identified, correlations between genetic causes and signaling events that lead from mutation to the disease phenotype are still mostly unclear. Here, we utilized zebrafish to model LGMD R18 by specifically inactivating trappc11 using antisense-mediated knockdown strategies and evaluated the resulting muscular phenotypes. Targeted ablation of trappc11 showed compromised skeletal muscle function due to muscle disorganization and myofibrosis. Our findings pinpoint that fish lacking functional trappc11 suppressed FGF8, which resulted in the aberrant activation of Notch signaling and eventually stimulated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and fibrotic changes in the skeletal muscle. In summary, our study provides the role of FGF8 in the pathogenesis and its therapeutic potential of LGMD R18.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulvikar Syambani Ulhaq
- Laboratory of Developmental Disorders and Toxicology, Center for Promotion of International Education and Research, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 8190395, Japan; Research Center for Pre-clinical and Clinical Medicine, National Research and Innovation Agency, Republic of Indonesia, Cibinong, 16911, Indonesia.
| | - Yukiko Ogino
- Laboratory of Aquatic Molecular Developmental Biology, Center for Promotion of International Education and Research, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 8190395, Japan
| | - William Ka Fai Tse
- Laboratory of Developmental Disorders and Toxicology, Center for Promotion of International Education and Research, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 8190395, Japan.
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Supekar SC, Gramapurohit NP. Does atrazine induce changes in predator recognition, growth, morphology, and metamorphic traits of larval skipper frogs (Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis)? JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY. PART A, ECOLOGICAL AND INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 339:125-137. [PMID: 36245429 DOI: 10.1002/jez.2661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Atrazine, an info disruptor, interferes with the olfaction of aquatic organisms by impairing the chemosensory system. Consequently, it affects behavior, physiology, and growth increases mortality and infections, and suppresses the immune system of aquatic animals. In this study, we wanted to determine the sensitivity of larval Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis to different concentrations of atrazine by assessing their antipredator behavior, growth, morphology, and metamorphic traits. The results indicate that exposure to atrazine did not affect the survival of tadpoles. However, it caused retarded growth at higher concentrations. Interestingly, the antipredator behavior of tadpoles toward conspecific alarm cues decreased in a dose-dependent manner with an increase in the concentration of atrazine. Tadpoles exposed to low concentrations of atrazine had deeper, wider bodies and tails while those exposed to higher concentrations had shallower and narrower bodies with shallower tail muscles. However, at low and moderate concentrations atrazine did not affect size at metamorphosis, it extended the larval duration at higher concentrations.
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Chen H, Pang Y, Wei Y, He X, Zhang Y, Xie L. Nitrate and sodium nitroprusside alter the development of Asian black-spined toads' embryos by inducing nitric oxide production. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:23060-23069. [PMID: 36318412 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23821-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate is the most stable and abundant form of inorganic nitrogen in water. However, owing to human activities, the nitrate concentration in aquatic ecosystems has notably increased worldwide. One of the mechanisms underlying nitrate toxicity in vertebrates includes the functional inhibition of the sodium iodide symporter, resulting in thyroid dysfunction. In this study, we aimed to determine the alternative mechanisms underlying the toxicological effects of nitrates on the Asian black-spined toad (Duttaphrynus melanostictus). Embryos of D. melanostictus were exposed to sodium nitroprusside (SNP, positive control) or 100 mg/L nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N) for 184 h. We observed that both SNP and NO3-N significantly decreased body mass and length and delayed developmental processes. Teratogenic symptoms, including tumors, hyperplasia, and abdominal edema, were also observed in embryos exposed to SNP and NO3-N. Furthermore, SNP and NO3-N significantly increased nitric oxide levels in the embryos, altering the thyroid hormone, nitrogen, cytochrome P450-mediated drug, and xenobiotic metabolism signaling pathways, as well as the pathway involved in chemical carcinogenesis. The similar toxicological effects of SNP and NO3-N suggested that nitrate toxicity resulted from the generation of nitric oxide. Therefore, the present study provides insights into an alternative mechanism underpinning nitrate toxicity, which is useful for the conservation of amphibians in nitrate-rich environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjun Chen
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Yuting Pang
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Yunqi Wei
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Xinni He
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Yongpu Zhang
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Lei Xie
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
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Yang L, Guo H, Kuang Y, Yang H, Zhang X, Tang R, Li D, Li L. Neurotoxicity induced by combined exposure of microcystin-LR and nitrite in male zebrafish (Danio rerio): Effects of oxidant-antioxidant system and neurotransmitter system. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 253:109248. [PMID: 34826614 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.109248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
With the intensification of water eutrophication around the world, cyanobacterial blooms have been becoming a common environmental pollution problem. The levels of microcystin-LR (MC-LR) and nitrite rise sharply during the cyanobacterial bloom period, which may have potential joint toxicity on aquatic organisms. In this study, adult male zebrafish were immersed into different joint solutions of MC-LR (0, 3, 30 μg/L) and nitrite (0, 2, 20 mg/L) for 30 days to explore the neurotoxic effects and underlying mechanisms. The results showed that single factor MC-LR or nitrite caused a concentration-dependent damage in brain ultrastructure and the effects of their joint exposure were much more intense. Downregulated expression of mbp and bdnf associated with myelination of nerve fibers further confirmed that MC-LR and nitrite could damage the structure and function of neuron. The decreases in dopamine content, acetylcholinesterase activity and related gene mRNA levels indicated that MC-LR and nitrite adversely affected the normal function of the dopaminergic and cholinergic systems in zebrafish brain. In addition, the significant increase in malondialdehyde content suggested the occurrence of oxidative stress caused by MC-LR, nitrite and their joint-exposure, which paralleled a significant decrease in antioxidant enzyme‑manganese superoxide dismutase activity and its transcription level. In conclusion, MC-LR + Nitrite joint-exposure has synergistic neurotoxic effects on the structure and neurotransmitter systems of fish brain, and antioxidant capacity disruption caused by these two factors might be one of the underlying synergistic mechanisms. Therefore, there is a risk of being induced neurotoxicity in fish during sustained cyanobacterial bloom events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Yang
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Honghui Guo
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Yu Kuang
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Hui Yang
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Xi Zhang
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Green development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Rong Tang
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Green development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Dapeng Li
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Green development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Li Li
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Green development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
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Klein S, Frazier V, Readdean T, Lucas E, Diaz-Jimenez EP, Sogin M, Ruff ES, Echeverri K. Common Environmental Pollutants Negatively Affect Development and Regeneration in the Sea Anemone Nematostella vectensis Holobiont. Front Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.786037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The anthozoan sea anemone Nematostella vectensis belongs to the phylum of cnidarians which also includes jellyfish and corals. Nematostella are native to United States East Coast marsh lands, where they constantly adapt to changes in salinity, temperature, oxygen concentration and pH. Its natural ability to continually acclimate to changing environments coupled with its genetic tractability render Nematostella a powerful model organism in which to study the effects of common pollutants on the natural development of these animals. Potassium nitrate, commonly used in fertilizers, and Phthalates, a component of plastics are frequent environmental stressors found in coastal and marsh waters. Here we present data showing how early exposure to these pollutants lead to dramatic defects in development of the embryos and eventual mortality possibly due to defects in feeding ability. Additionally, we examined the microbiome of the animals and identified shifts in the microbial community that correlated with the type of water that was used to grow the animals, and with their exposure to pollutants.
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Li L, Tan L, Yang W, Xu X, Shen Y, Li J. Conjoint applications of meta-analysis and bioinformatic data toward understanding the effect of nitrate on fish. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 794:148645. [PMID: 34198083 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The extensively accumulation of nitrate in different water resources is currently regarded as one of the most predominant threats facing aquatic organisms on worldwide scale. In recent years, a growing body of evidences have been attempting to uncover the influences of nitrate on fish growth and health, thereby evaluating its environment security. However, the systematic assessment and intrinsic mechanism of such influences are apparently devoid. Hence, this investigation employed systematic analysis, meta-analysis and bioinformatic analysis to evaluate the nitrate biotoxicity. We first speculated two levels of nitrate concentration according to forty-four published bibliographies. Systematic analysis indicated that the broad variations of fish sensitivity to chronic and acute nitrate exposures were found in juvenile and larval stage, respectively, comparing to egg. Meta-analysis further revealed that survival rate, CF and SGR were significantly improved in low nitrate concentration during chronic exposure. Such improvements were reflected by Total mean differences (TMD) and 95% CIs (Confidence Intervals): Survival rate (-4.06 [-7.67, -0.45]), Fulton's condition factor (CF) (-0.03 [-0.03, -0.02]) and Specific growth rate (SGR) (-0.10 [-0.16, -0.04]). To trace the impact, the alternations of molecular expression and histology in brain, gill, liver, intestine, and blood suggested that the chronic and acute nitrate exposures could result in abnormal tissue structures and molecular dynamics. Moreover, omics analysis via integrating intestinal microbiome (microbial composition; %) and liver transcriptome (Gene Ontology: biological processes) revealed that the low concentration exposure induced a weakly immune response in fish liver and it matched to the intestinal immune response. Overall, current study has filled the gaps in the field of nitrate toxicity. It could also provide a novel insight for the evaluation of pollutant toxicity on aquatic species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisen Li
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Ling Tan
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province for Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Weining Yang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Xiaoyan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yubang Shen
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Jiale Li
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
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11
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Masood MI, Hauke NT, Nasim MJ, Sarfraz M, Naseem M, Schäfer KH. Neural stem cell-based in vitro bioassay for the assessment of neurotoxic potential of water samples. J Environ Sci (China) 2021; 101:72-86. [PMID: 33334539 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2020.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Intensive agriculture activities, industrialization and growing numbers of wastewater treatment plants along river banks collectively contribute to the elevated levels of neurotoxic pollutants in natural water reservoirs across Europe. We established an in vitro bioassay based upon neural stem cells isolated from the subventricular zone of the postnatal mouse to evaluate the neurotoxic potential of raw wastewater, treated sewage effluent, groundwater and drinking water. The toxic potential of water samples was evaluated employing viability, proliferation, differentiation and migration assays. We found that raw wastewater could reduce the viability and proliferation of neural stem cells, and decreased the neuronal and astrocyte differentiation, neuronal neurite growth, astrocyte growth and cell migration. Treated sewage water also showed inhibitory effects on cell proliferation and migration. Our results indicated that relatively high concentrations of nitrogenous substances, pesticides, mercuric compounds, bisphenol-A, and phthalates, along with some other pollutants in raw wastewater and treated sewage water, might be the reason for the neuroinhibitory effects of these water samples. Our model successfully predicted the neurotoxicity of water samples collected from different sources and also revealed that the incomplete removal of contaminants from wastewater can be problematic for the developing nervous system. The presented data also provides strong evidence that more effective treatments should be used to minimize the contamination of water before release into major water bodies which may be considered as water reservoirs for human usage in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Irfan Masood
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Saarland University, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; ENS Group, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, 66482 Zweibrücken, Germany; Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 54000 Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Natalie Tamara Hauke
- Applied Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, 66482 Zweibrücken, Germany; Abwasserverband Bergstrasse, Altau 10, 69469 Weinheim, Germany
| | - Muhammad Jawad Nasim
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Saarland University, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Muhammad Sarfraz
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Saarland University, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Mahrukh Naseem
- Department of Zoology, University of Balochistan, Quetta 87550, Pakistan
| | - Karl Herbert Schäfer
- ENS Group, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, 66482 Zweibrücken, Germany.
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Yu J, Wang Y, Xiao Y, Li X, Xu X, Zhao H, Wu L, Li J. Effects of chronic nitrate exposure on the intestinal morphology, immune status, barrier function, and microbiota of juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus maximus). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 207:111287. [PMID: 32931967 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Coming along with high water reuse in sustainable and intensive recirculating aquaculture systems (RASs), the waste products of fish in rearing water is continuously accumulated. Nitrate, the final product of biological nitrification processes, which may cause aquatic toxicity to fish in different degrees when exposed for a long time. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate the impact of chronic nitrate exposure on intestinal morphology, immune status, barrier function, and microbiota of juvenile turbot. For that, groups of juvenile turbot were exposed to 0 (control check, CK), 50 (low nitrate, L), 200 (medium nitrate, M), and 400 (high nitrate, H) mg L-1 nitrate-N in small-sized recirculating aquaculture systems. After the 60-day experiment period, we found that exposure to a high concentration of nitrate-N caused obvious pathological damages to the intestine; for instance, atrophy of intestinal microvilli and necrosis in the lamina propria. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed a significant downregulation of the barrier forming tight junction genes like occludin, claudin-like etc. under H treatment (P < 0.05). Intestinal MUC-2 expression also decreased significantly in the nitrate treatment groups compared to that in the control (P < 0.05). Additionally, the expression of HSP70 and HSP90 heat-shock proteins, toll-like receptor-3 (TLR-3), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) significantly increased (P < 0.05), whereas that of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), lysozyme (LYS), and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) significantly decreased with H treatment (P < 0.05). The results also revealed that intestinal microbial community was changed following nitrate exposure and could alter the α-diversity and β-diversity. Specifically, the proportion of intrinsic flora decreased, whereas that of the potential pathogens significantly increased with M and H treatments (P < 0.05). In conclusion, chronic nitrate exposure could weaken the barrier function and disturb the composition of intestinal microbiota in marine teleosts, thereby harming their health condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachen Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, PR China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanfeng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, PR China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, PR China
| | - Yongshuang Xiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, PR China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, PR China
| | - Xian Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, PR China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, PR China
| | - Xiaojie Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, PR China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haixia Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, PR China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lele Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, PR China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, PR China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, PR China.
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Nitrate and nitrite exposure leads to mild anxiogenic-like behavior and alters brain metabolomic profile in zebrafish. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0240070. [PMID: 33382700 PMCID: PMC7774831 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary nitrate lowers blood pressure and improves athletic performance in humans, yet data supporting observations that it may increase cerebral blood flow and improve cognitive performance are mixed. We tested the hypothesis that nitrate and nitrite treatment would improve indicators of learning and cognitive performance in a zebrafish (Danio rerio) model. We utilized targeted and untargeted liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis to examine the extent to which treatment resulted in changes in nitrate or nitrite concentrations in the brain and altered the brain metabolome. Fish were exposed to sodium nitrate (606.9 mg/L), sodium nitrite (19.5 mg/L), or control water for 2–4 weeks and free swim, startle response, and shuttle box assays were performed. Nitrate and nitrite treatment did not change fish weight, length, predator avoidance, or distance and velocity traveled in an unstressed environment. Nitrate- and nitrite-treated fish initially experienced more negative reinforcement and increased time to decision in the shuttle box assay, which is consistent with a decrease in associative learning or executive function however, over multiple trials, all treatment groups demonstrated behaviors associated with learning. Nitrate and nitrite treatment was associated with mild anxiogenic-like behavior but did not alter epinephrine, norepinephrine or dopamine levels. Targeted metabolomics analysis revealed no significant increase in brain nitrate or nitrite concentrations with treatment. Untargeted metabolomics analysis found 47 metabolites whose abundance was significantly altered in the brain with nitrate and nitrite treatment. Overall, the depletion in brain metabolites is plausibly associated with the regulation of neuronal activity including statistically significant reductions in the inhibitory neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA; 18–19%), and its precursor, glutamine (17–22%). Nitrate treatment caused significant depletion in the brain concentration of fatty acids including linoleic acid (LA) by 50% and arachidonic acid (ARA) by 80%; nitrite treatment caused depletion of LA by ~90% and ARA by 60%, change which could alter the function of dopaminergic neurons and affect behavior. Nitrate and nitrite treatment did not adversely affect multiple parameters of zebrafish health. It is plausible that indirect NO-mediated mechanisms may be responsible for the nitrate and nitrite-mediated effects on the brain metabolome and behavior in zebrafish.
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Moazeni M, Heidari Z, Golipour S, Ghaisari L, Sillanpää M, Ebrahimi A. Dietary intake and health risk assessment of nitrate, nitrite, and nitrosamines: a Bayesian analysis and Monte Carlo simulation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:45568-45580. [PMID: 32803593 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10494-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate, nitrite, and nitrosamines intake from the diet creates human health risks. In this study, nitrate/nitrite intake from diet and its association with nitric oxide (NO) level in humans have been surveyed. Besides nitrate/nitrite, nitrosamines risks were also determined from the diet. This study was conducted as a pilot study; 33 heathy adults participated in and completed the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) for 3 days. Then, concentrations of nitrate, nitrite, and nitrosamines were studied by the literature review. Also, the association between the intake of nitrate and nitrite with salivary and urinary NO was evaluated by Bayesian bi-variate analysis. Then, the health risk was assessed for nitrate/nitrite from food groups and drinking water, and nitrosamines from food groups based on hazard index (HI) and cancer risk with the Monte Carlo simulation. The nitrate/nitrite intakes had no association with NO level in the saliva and urine samples. The mean of HI value for the mean of 3 days was 3.57 and 0.32 from food groups and drinking water, respectively. The cancer risk amount of nitrosamines from food groups was (1.74 to 2.22) × 10-3 based on 95% confidence interval (CI 95%) values. This study showed the Iranian diet had a high risk, but drinking water consumption was safe based on nitrate/nitrite and nitrosamines for humans. There is a need to determine the concentration of nitrosamines in drinking water in Iran and to recommend for decrease risk of nitrate, nitrite, and nitrosamines exposure by food groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malihe Moazeni
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zahra Heidari
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sahar Golipour
- Student Research Committee, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Leila Ghaisari
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mika Sillanpää
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Vietnam
- School of Civil Engineering and Surveying, Faculty of Health, Engineering and Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba, 4350, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Vietnam
| | - Afshin Ebrahimi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
- Environment Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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15
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Walls SC, Gabor CR. Integrating Behavior and Physiology Into Strategies for Amphibian Conservation. Front Ecol Evol 2019. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2019.00234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Wang ZC, Yan Y, Fang Z, Nisar T, Sun L, Guo Y, Xia N, Wang H, Chen DW. Application of nitric oxide in modified atmosphere packaging of tilapia (Oreschromis niloticus) fillets. Food Control 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2018.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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17
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Edwards TM, Hamlin HJ. Reproductive endocrinology of environmental nitrate. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2018; 265:31-40. [PMID: 29577898 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2018.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Nitrate is a widespread contaminant of aquatic ecosystems and drinking water. It is also broadly active in organismal physiology, and as such, has the potential to both enhance and disrupt normal physiological function. In animals, nitrate is a proposed endocrine disrupter that is converted in vivo to nitrite and nitric oxide. Nitric oxide, in particular, is a potent cell signaling molecule that participates in diverse biological pathways and events. Here, we review in vivo nitrate cycling and downstream mechanistic physiology, with an emphasis on reproductive outcomes. However, in many cases, the research produces contradictory results, in part because there is good evidence that nitrate follows a non-monotonic dose-response curve. This conundrum highlights an array of opportunities for scientists from different fields to collaborate for a full understanding of nitrate physiology. Opposing conclusions are especially likely when in vivo/in vitro, long term/short term, high dose/low dose, or hypoxia/normoxia studies are compared. We conclude that in vivo studies are most appropriate for testing an organism's integrated endocrine response to nitrate. Based on the limited available studies, there is a generalized trend that shorter term studies (less than 1 month) or studies involving low doses (≤5 mg/L NO3-N) cause steroid hormone levels to decline. Studies that last more than a month and/or involve higher, but still environmentally relevant, exposures (>50-100 mg/L NO3-N) cause steroid hormone levels to increase. Very high nitrate doses (>500 mg/L NO3-N) are cytotoxic in many species. Hypoxia and acidity are likely to intensify the effects of nitrate. For study design, degree of study animal reproductive maturity or activity is important, with immature/reproductively quiescent animals responding to nitrate differently, compared with reproductively active animals. A detailed table of studies is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thea M Edwards
- Department of Biology, University of the South, Sewanee, TN, USA.
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Miao LH, Lin Y, Pan WJ, Huang X, Ge XP, Zhou QL, Liu B, Ren MC, Zhang WX, Liang HL, Yu H, Ji K. Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals the gene expression profiling in bighead carp (Aristichthys nobilis) in response to acute nitrite toxicity. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 79:244-255. [PMID: 29747012 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Nitrite exposure induces growth inhibition, metabolic disturbance, oxidative stress, organic damage, and infection-mediated mortality of aquatic organism. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism in responses to acute nitrite toxicity in bighead carp (Aristichthys nobilis, A. nobilis) by RNA-seq analysis. METHODS Bighead carps were exposed to water with high nitrite content (48.63 mg/L) for 72 h, and fish livers and gills were separated for RNA-seq analysis. De novo assembly was performed, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between control and nitrite-exposed fishes were identified. Furthermore, enrichment analysis was performed for DEGs to annotate the molecular functions. RESULTS A total of 406,135 transcripts and 352,730 unigenes were tagged after de novo assembly. Accordingly, 4108 and 928 DEGs were respectively identified in gill and liver in responses to nitrite exposure. Most of these DEGs were up-regulated DEGs. Enrichment analysis showed these DEGs were mainly associated with immune responses and nitrogen metabolism. CONCLUSIONS We suggested that the nitrite toxicity-induced DEGs were probably related to dysregulation of nitrogen metabolism and immune responses in A. nobilis, particularly in gill.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Hong Miao
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
| | - Yan Lin
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Wen-Jing Pan
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Xian-Ping Ge
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China.
| | - Qun-Lan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Ming-Chun Ren
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Wu-Xiao Zhang
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Hua-Liang Liang
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Han Yu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Ke Ji
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China
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Wang ZC, Yan Y, Su P, Zhao MM, Xia N, Chen DW. Treatments of tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ) using nitric oxide for quality improvement: Establishing a potential method for large-scale processing of farmed fish. Nitric Oxide 2018; 77:19-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2018.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 03/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Wang ZC, Yan Y, Nisar T, Sun L, Su P, Chen DW, Guo Y. Influence of postmortem treatment with nitric oxide on the muscle color and color stability of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fillets. Nitric Oxide 2018; 76:122-128. [PMID: 28951198 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2017.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nitric oxide (NO) has been recognized as pivotal for color and color stability of meat products and has an evident effect on inhibiting microbial growth in processed meat. The use of indirect NO (nitrate/nitrite) in industrial meat curing has potential deleterious effects and great concerns have been expressed over residual nitrite in meat after curing. To find a succedaneum, we have demonstrated the influence of direct NO (saturated NO solution) through euthanasia before slaughter on the fillets color of tilapia and the results suggested that direct NO treatment prior to slaughter is a good procedure to improve the color of tilapia fillets. OBJECTIVE To further investigate the effect of direct NO on the muscle color and shelf-life of fillets from tilapia, this study was conducted to investigate the muscle color and color stability of tilapia fillets postmortem treated with saturated NO solution and their shelf-life during refrigerated storage. METHODS Tilapia fillets were immersed in a saturated NO solution for 13 min, vacuum-packed and stored at refrigerated temperature for 15 days. Visual observations, color values and absorption maxima were used to evaluate the muscle color and color stability of tilapia fillets. Total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) values were used to evaluate the shelf-life of tilapia fillets during refrigerated storage. RESULTS By visual observation, NO treated tilapia fillets showed a brighter red color as compered to control samples after NO-treatment and during the whole storage. The redness (a*) values of NO treated tilapia fillets were significantly increased (P < 0.05) after NO-treatment, continuously increased (P < 0.05) during the earlier 9 days of the storage and remained roughly unchanged during the rest days of the storage. While the a* values of control samples decreased progressively during the storage. NO-treatment effectively improved the muscle color and color stability of tilapia fillets. The peak wavelengths of extract from the muscles of NO treated tilapia fillets increased from 418 nm to 421 nm at 15 d of the storage, while that of control decreased from 418 nm to 410 nm, indicated that color improvement in NO-treated tilapia fillets is mainly due to the formation of MbNO. Moreover, NO-treatment resulted in less TVB-N values than control (16.06 and 21.93 mg of N/100 g at the end of the storage, respectively), prolonging the shelf-life of tilapia fillets. CONCLUSION The results suggested that postmortem treatment with NO is a good procedure not only for improving the muscle color and color stability but also for prolonging the shelf-life of tilapia fillets during the storage, which is valuable for industrial manufacturing of tilapia and possibly for other fish species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Chao Wang
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, Shaanxi, PR China; College of Life Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, Qinghai, PR China
| | - Yuzhen Yan
- College of Life Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, Qinghai, PR China
| | - Tanzeela Nisar
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Lijun Sun
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Ping Su
- Department of Food Science, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, PR China
| | - De-Wei Chen
- Department of Food Science, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, PR China.
| | - Yurong Guo
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, Shaanxi, PR China.
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21
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Poulsen R, Cedergreen N, Hayes T, Hansen M. Nitrate: An Environmental Endocrine Disruptor? A Review of Evidence and Research Needs. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:3869-3887. [PMID: 29494771 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b06419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate is heavily used as an agricultural fertilizer and is today a ubiquitous environmental pollutant. Environmental endocrine effects caused by nitrate have received increasing attention over the last 15 years. Nitrate is hypothesized to interfere with thyroid and steroid hormone homeostasis and developmental and reproductive end points. The current review focuses on aquatic ecotoxicology with emphasis on field and laboratory controlled in vitro and in vivo studies. Furthermore, nitrate is just one of several forms of nitrogen that is present in the environment and many of these are quickly interconvertible. Therefore, the focus is additionally confined to the oxidized nitrogen species (nitrate, nitrite and nitric oxide). We reviewed 26 environmental toxicology studies and our main findings are (1) nitrate has endocrine disrupting properties and hypotheses for mechanisms exist, which warrants for further investigations; (2) there are issues determining actual nitrate-speciation and abundance is not quantified in a number of studies, making links to speciation-specific effects difficult; and (3) more advanced analytical chemistry methodologies are needed both for exposure assessment and in the determination of endocrine biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikke Poulsen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences , University of Copenhagen , Thorvaldsensvej 40 , 1871 Frederiksberg , Denmark
| | - Nina Cedergreen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences , University of Copenhagen , Thorvaldsensvej 40 , 1871 Frederiksberg , Denmark
| | - Tyrone Hayes
- Laboratory for Integrative Studies in Amphibian Biology, Molecular Toxicology, Group in Endocrinology, Energy and Resources Group, Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, and Department of Integrative Biology , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
| | - Martin Hansen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences , University of Copenhagen , Thorvaldsensvej 40 , 1871 Frederiksberg , Denmark
- Laboratory for Integrative Studies in Amphibian Biology, Molecular Toxicology, Group in Endocrinology, Energy and Resources Group, Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, and Department of Integrative Biology , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
- Department of Environmental and Civil Engineering , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
- Department of Environmental Science , Aarhus University , 4000 Roskilde , Denmark
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Kellock KA, Moore AP, Bringolf RB. Chronic nitrate exposure alters reproductive physiology in fathead minnows. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 232:322-328. [PMID: 28986080 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate is a ubiquitous aquatic pollutant that is commonly associated with eutrophication and dead zones in estuaries around the world. At high concentrations nitrate is toxic to aquatic life but at environmental concentrations it has also been purported as an endocrine disruptor in fish. To investigate the potential for nitrate to cause endocrine disruption in fish, we conducted a lifecycle study with fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) exposed to nitrate (0, 11.3, and 56.5 mg/L (total nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N)) from <24 h post hatch to sexual maturity (209 days). Body mass, condition factor, gonadal somatic index (GSI), incidence of intersex, and vitellogenin induction were determined in mature male and female fish and plasma 11-keto testosterone (11-KT) was measured in males only. In nitrate-exposed males both 11-KT and vitellogenin were significantly induced when compared with controls. No significant differences occurred for body mass, condition factor, or GSI among males and intersex was not observed in any of the nitrate treatments. Nitrate-exposed females also had significant increases in vitellogenin compared to controls but no significant differences for mass, condition factor, or GSI were observed in nitrate exposed groups. Estradiol was used as a positive control for vitellogenin induction. Our findings suggest that environmentally relevant nitrate levels may disrupt steroid hormone synthesis and/or metabolism in male and female fish and may have implications for fish reproduction, watershed management, and regulation of nutrient pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen A Kellock
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, Interdisciplinary Toxicology Program, University of Georgia, 180 E. Green St., Athens, GA, USA
| | - Adrian P Moore
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, Interdisciplinary Toxicology Program, University of Georgia, 180 E. Green St., Athens, GA, USA
| | - Robert B Bringolf
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, Interdisciplinary Toxicology Program, University of Georgia, 180 E. Green St., Athens, GA, USA.
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Pottinger TG. Modulation of the stress response in wild fish is associated with variation in dissolved nitrate and nitrite. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 225:550-558. [PMID: 28318786 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Disruption of non-reproductive endocrine systems in wildlife by chemicals has received little attention but represents a potentially significant problem. Nitrate is a major anthropogenic contaminant in the freshwater aquatic environment and has been identified as a potential disrupter of endocrine function in aquatic animals. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between the function of the neuroendocrine stress axis in fish and inorganic N loading along reaches of rivers receiving cumulative point source and diffuse chemical inputs. To accomplish this, the responsiveness of the stress axis, quantified as the rate of release of cortisol to water across the gills during exposure to a standardised stressor, was measured in three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus L.) resident at three sites on each of four rivers in north-west England. The magnitude of the stress response in fish captured at the sites furthest downstream on all rivers was more than twice that of fish captured at upstream sites. Site-specific variation in stress axis reactivity was better explained by between-site variation in concentrations of dissolved nitrate, nitrite, and ammonia than by the concentration of wastewater treatment works effluent. An increase in the magnitude of the stress response was seen among sticklebacks at sites where long-term averaged concentrations of NH3-N, NO3-N and NO2-N exceeded 0.6, 4.0 and 0.1 mg/L respectively. These data suggest that either (i) inorganic N is a better surrogate than wastewater effluent concentration for an unknown factor or factors affecting stress axis function in fish, or (ii) dissolved inorganic N directly exerts a disruptive influence on the function of the neuroendocrine stress axis in fish, supporting concerns that nitrate is an endocrine-modulating chemical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom G Pottinger
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4AP, UK.
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Pottinger TG, Matthiessen P. Long-term water quality data explain interpopulation variation in responsiveness to stress in sticklebacks at both wastewater effluent-contaminated and uncontaminated sites. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2016; 35:3014-3022. [PMID: 27167553 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Revised: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The magnitude of the corticosteroid response to a standardized stressor varied in proportion to the concentration of effluent in three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus L.) captured downstream of 10 wastewater-treatment plants (WWTPs). However, at 9 sites with no upstream WWTP input interpopulation variation in the reactivity of the stress axis occurred across a similar range to that seen for fish at impacted sites, suggesting that the factor(s) responsible for modulating stress responsiveness in sticklebacks is not unique to sites receiving WWTP effluent. Physicochemical data from a long-term monitoring program were employed to investigate whether variation in water quality contributed to between-site variation in stress axis reactivity. Between-site variation in 14 water quality determinands explained between 30% and 60% of the variation in stress reactivity and fish size for sticklebacks at both WWTP-contaminated and uncontaminated sites. At uncontaminated sites the mean mass and length of sticklebacks increased with total oxidized nitrogen (N) concentration (as an indicator of anthropogenic input), whereas at WWTP-contaminated sites fish size decreased with increasing effluent concentration, suggesting that factors adversely affecting growth were present predominantly at WWTP-contaminated sites. In contrast, at both contaminated and uncontaminated sites the magnitude of the corticosteroid response to a standardized stressor increased with anthropogenic input (effluent concentration or total oxidized N, respectively), indicating that a factor or factors modulating the reactivity of the stress axis may be present at both WWTP-contaminated and uncontaminated sites. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:3014-3022. © 2016 SETAC.
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Hamlin HJ, Edwards TM, McCoy J, Cruze L, Guillette LJ. Environmentally relevant concentrations of nitrate increase plasma testosterone concentrations in female American alligators (Alligator mississippiensis). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2016; 238:55-60. [PMID: 27118707 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2016.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Anthropogenic nitrogen is a ubiquitous environmental contaminant that is contributing to the degradation of freshwater, estuarine, and coastal ecosystems worldwide. The effects of environmental nitrate, a principal form of nitrogen, on the health of aquatic life is of increasing concern. We exposed female American alligators to three concentrations of nitrate (0.7, 10 and 100mg/L NO3-N) for a duration of five weeks and five months from hatch. We assessed growth, plasma sex steroid and thyroid hormone concentrations, and transcription levels of key genes involved in steroidogenesis (StAR, 3β-HSD, and P450scc) and hepatic clearance (Cyp1a, Cyp3a). Exposure to 100mg/L NO3-N for both five weeks and five months resulted in significantly increased plasma testosterone (T) concentrations compared with alligators in the reference treatment. No differences in 17β-estradiol, progesterone, or thyroid hormones were observed, nor were there differences in alligator weight or the mRNA abundance of steroidogenic or hepatic genes. Plasma and urinary nitrate concentrations increased with increasing nitrate treatment levels, although relative plasma concentrations of nitrate were significantly lower in five month, versus five week old animals, possibly due to improved kidney function in older animals. These results indicate that environmentally relevant concentrations of nitrate can increase circulating concentrations of T in young female alligators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather J Hamlin
- School of Marine Sciences, Aquaculture Research Institute, University of Maine, 5751 Murray Hall, Orono, ME 04469, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of South Carolina, and Hollings Marine Laboratory, 331 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, USA; Department of Biology, University of Florida, P.O. Box 118525, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
| | - Thea M Edwards
- Department of Biology, University of the South, 159 Spencer Hall, Sewanee, TN 37383, USA; Department of Biology, University of Florida, P.O. Box 118525, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Jessica McCoy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of South Carolina, and Hollings Marine Laboratory, 331 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, USA
| | - Lori Cruze
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of South Carolina, and Hollings Marine Laboratory, 331 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, USA; Department of Biology, University of Florida, P.O. Box 118525, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Louis J Guillette
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of South Carolina, and Hollings Marine Laboratory, 331 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, USA; Department of Biology, University of Florida, P.O. Box 118525, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
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