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Rawani NS, Chan AW, Dursun SM, Baker GB. The Underlying Neurobiological Mechanisms of Psychosis: Focus on Neurotransmission Dysregulation, Neuroinflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Mitochondrial Dysfunction. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:709. [PMID: 38929148 PMCID: PMC11200831 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13060709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Psychosis, defined as a set of symptoms that results in a distorted sense of reality, is observed in several psychiatric disorders in addition to schizophrenia. This paper reviews the literature relevant to the underlying neurobiology of psychosis. The dopamine hypothesis has been a major influence in the study of the neurochemistry of psychosis and in development of antipsychotic drugs. However, it became clear early on that other factors must be involved in the dysfunction involved in psychosis. In the current review, it is reported how several of these factors, namely dysregulation of neurotransmitters [dopamine, serotonin, glutamate, and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)], neuroinflammation, glia (microglia, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes), the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, the gut microbiome, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction contribute to psychosis and interact with one another. Research on psychosis has increased knowledge of the complexity of psychotic disorders. Potential new pharmacotherapies, including combinations of drugs (with pre- and probiotics in some cases) affecting several of the factors mentioned above, have been suggested. Similarly, several putative biomarkers, particularly those related to the immune system, have been proposed. Future research on both pharmacotherapy and biomarkers will require better-designed studies conducted on an all stages of psychotic disorders and must consider confounders such as sex differences and comorbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Glen B. Baker
- Neurochemical Research Unit and Bebensee Schizophrenia Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G3, Canada; (N.S.R.); (A.W.C.); (S.M.D.)
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2
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Lauretani F, Giallauria F, Testa C, Zinni C, Lorenzi B, Zucchini I, Salvi M, Napoli R, Maggio MG. Dopamine Pharmacodynamics: New Insights. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5293. [PMID: 38791331 PMCID: PMC11121567 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Dopamine is a key neurotransmitter involved in physiological processes such as motor control, motivation, reward, cognitive function, and maternal and reproductive behaviors. Therefore, dysfunctions of the dopaminergic system are related to a plethora of human diseases. Dopamine, via different circuitries implicated in compulsive behavior, reward, and habit formation, also represents a key player in substance use disorder and the formation and perpetuation of mechanisms leading to addiction. Here, we propose dopamine as a model not only of neurotransmission but also of neuromodulation capable of modifying neuronal architecture. Abuse of substances like methamphetamine, cocaine, and alcohol and their consumption over time can induce changes in neuronal activities. These modifications lead to synaptic plasticity and finally to morphological and functional changes, starting from maladaptive neuro-modulation and ending in neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulvio Lauretani
- Geriatric Clinic Unit, Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department, University Hospital, 43126 Parma, Italy; (C.T.); (C.Z.); (B.L.); (I.Z.); (M.S.); (M.G.M.)
- Cognitive and Motor Center, Medicine and Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department of Parma, University-Hospital of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Francesco Giallauria
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, “Federico II” University of Naples, via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.G.); (R.N.)
| | - Crescenzo Testa
- Geriatric Clinic Unit, Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department, University Hospital, 43126 Parma, Italy; (C.T.); (C.Z.); (B.L.); (I.Z.); (M.S.); (M.G.M.)
| | - Claudia Zinni
- Geriatric Clinic Unit, Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department, University Hospital, 43126 Parma, Italy; (C.T.); (C.Z.); (B.L.); (I.Z.); (M.S.); (M.G.M.)
| | - Beatrice Lorenzi
- Geriatric Clinic Unit, Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department, University Hospital, 43126 Parma, Italy; (C.T.); (C.Z.); (B.L.); (I.Z.); (M.S.); (M.G.M.)
| | - Irene Zucchini
- Geriatric Clinic Unit, Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department, University Hospital, 43126 Parma, Italy; (C.T.); (C.Z.); (B.L.); (I.Z.); (M.S.); (M.G.M.)
| | - Marco Salvi
- Geriatric Clinic Unit, Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department, University Hospital, 43126 Parma, Italy; (C.T.); (C.Z.); (B.L.); (I.Z.); (M.S.); (M.G.M.)
| | - Raffaele Napoli
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, “Federico II” University of Naples, via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.G.); (R.N.)
| | - Marcello Giuseppe Maggio
- Geriatric Clinic Unit, Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department, University Hospital, 43126 Parma, Italy; (C.T.); (C.Z.); (B.L.); (I.Z.); (M.S.); (M.G.M.)
- Cognitive and Motor Center, Medicine and Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department of Parma, University-Hospital of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
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3
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Nicolucci C, Rodrigues FDC, Marson FAL, Sciani JM. Potential use of quercetin in the reduction of craving in cocaine-dependent patients-A pilot clinical trial. Phytother Res 2024; 38:1310-1312. [PMID: 38191148 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Nicolucci
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade São Francisco, São Paulo, Brazil
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Bauer N, Liu D, Nguyen T, Wang B. Unraveling the Interplay of Dopamine, Carbon Monoxide, and Heme Oxygenase in Neuromodulation and Cognition. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:400-407. [PMID: 38214656 PMCID: PMC10853931 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The dopaminergic system plays important roles in neuromodulation, including prominent roles in complex neurological functions such as cognition, reward, motivation, and memory. Understandably, the highly complex nature of such physiological functions means that their regulation is intertwined with other signaling pathways, as has been demonstrated by numerous studies. Contrary to its public perception of being poisonous at all concentrations, carbon monoxide (CO) is produced endogenously from heme degradation by heme oxygenase (HO) as part of the physiological process of red blood cell turnover. Physiological concentrations of CO can reach high micromolar ranges in the hemoglobin bound form. Low-dose CO has shown therapeutic effects in numerous animal models, including traumatic brain injury via engaging various hemoprotein targets. As such, the HO-CO axis has been shown to offer beneficial effects in organ protection, anti-inflammation, and neuroprotection, among many others. Further, a large number of publications have shown the interactions among CO, HO, and the dopaminergic system. In this review, we critically examine such experimental evidence in a holistic fashion and in the context of a possible dopamine-HO-CO signaling axis. We hope that this Perspective will stimulate additional investigations into the molecular connectivity related to this possible axis and open doors to the development of novel therapeutics that impact the dopaminergic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Bauer
- Department of Chemistry and
Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Dongning Liu
- Department of Chemistry and
Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - TanPhat Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry and
Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Binghe Wang
- Department of Chemistry and
Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
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Velásquez MDV, Albarracín AE, Boscán K, Angel LB, Izquierdo RE, Ramírez MM, Migliore BDC, Charris JE, Garrido MDR, Israel A, López SE, Angel JE. Efecto del compuesto N-2,6-dicloro-aralquil-2-Aminoindano en la conducta estereotipada de ratas. Acción dopaminérgica selectiva central sobre los ganglios basales más que en las estructuras límbicas. INVESTIGACIÓN CLÍNICA 2023. [DOI: 10.54817/ic.v64n1a02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Dopamine 1 is involved in neurodegenerative disorders affect-ing the central nervous system (CNS), such as Parkinson’s disease. Despite the absence of some available drugs capable of preventing, stopping or curing the progression of such diseases, there are numerous compounds designed, synthesized, and pharmacologically tested which give rise to pharmacophoric generalizations about the dopaminergic receptor required for the search of a drug able to improve or cure those pathologies. N-aralkyl-2-aminoindane de-rivatives have shown selective activity in the central dopaminergic system. Both the N-[(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methyl-ethyl]-2-aminoindane hydrochloride 2and N-[(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methyl-ethyl]-2-aminoindane hydrochloride 3 showed an agonistic activity mediated by central dopaminergic mechanisms. To contribute to the search of new drugs able to re-establish homeostasis in the dopaminergic transmission in Parkinson’s disease, the compound N-2,6-dichloro-aralkyl-2-aminoindane 4 was designed through medicinal chemistry strategies that contain pharmacophoric approximations of prodrugs. The phar-macological evaluation of compound 4 in the stereotyped behavior of male Sprague Dawley rats showed agonistic activity through the activation of central dopaminergic mechanisms and a higher selectivity in the responses of stereo-typed behavior characteristic of the basal ganglia over the typical responses from limbic structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marienmy del V. Velásquez
- Laboratorio de Síntesis Orgánica, Diseño y Evaluación Farmacológica de Nuevos Productos. Departamento de Química, Facultad Experimental de Ciencias, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Alexander E. Albarracín
- Laboratorio de Síntesis Orgánica, Diseño y Evaluación Farmacológica de Nuevos Productos. Departamento de Química, Facultad Experimental de Ciencias, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Kelvin Boscán
- Laboratorio de Síntesis Orgánica, Diseño y Evaluación Farmacológica de Nuevos Productos. Departamento de Química, Facultad Experimental de Ciencias, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Ligia B. Angel
- Laboratorio de Síntesis Orgánica, Diseño y Evaluación Farmacológica de Nuevos Productos. Departamento de Química, Facultad Experimental de Ciencias, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Rodolfo E. Izquierdo
- Laboratorio de Síntesis Orgánica, Diseño y Evaluación Farmacológica de Nuevos Productos. Departamento de Química, Facultad Experimental de Ciencias, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - María M. Ramírez
- Laboratorio de Síntesis Orgánica, Diseño y Evaluación Farmacológica de Nuevos Productos. Departamento de Química, Facultad Experimental de Ciencias, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Biagina del C. Migliore
- Laboratorio de Síntesis Orgánica, Diseño y Evaluación Farmacológica de Nuevos Productos. Departamento de Química, Facultad Experimental de Ciencias, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Jaime E. Charris
- Laboratorio de Síntesis Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - María del R. Garrido
- Laboratorio de Neuropéptidos, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Anita Israel
- Laboratorio de Neuropéptidos, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Simón E. López
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Jorge E. Angel
- Laboratorio de Síntesis Orgánica, Diseño y Evaluación Farmacológica de Nuevos Productos. Departamento de Química, Facultad Experimental de Ciencias, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
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LUHMES Cells: Phenotype Refinement and Development of an MPP +-Based Test System for Screening Antiparkinsonian Drugs. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24010733. [PMID: 36614176 PMCID: PMC9821222 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The low effectiveness of symptomatic pharmacotherapy for Parkinson's disease (PD), which compensates for dopamine (DA) deficiency under degeneration of nigrostriatal dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons, could apparently be improved with neuroprotective therapy, which slows down neurodegeneration and PD progression. For this, it is necessary to have a DAergic cell line for the development of a PD model to screen neuroprotectors. We used immortalized human embryonic mesencephalon LUHMES cells (LCs) differentiated into DAergic neurons. The aim of this study was to characterize the phenotype of differentiated LCs and develop an 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium iodide (MPP+)-based test system for screening neuroprotectors. Using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunocytochemistry, it has been shown that all differentiated LCs express genes and synthesize proteins characteristic of all neurons (microtubule-associated protein 2, bIII-tubulin, synaptotagmin 1) and specifically of DAergic neurons (tyrosine hydroxylase, aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase, DA transporter, vesicular monoamine transporter 2). Furthermore, LCs are able to produce a small amount of DA, but under special conditions. To assess the mechanisms of neurodegeneration and neuroplasticity under the influence of toxins and antiparkinsonian drugs, including neuroprotectors, we have developed an LCs-based MPP+ PD model and proposed an original panel of markers for testing functional and structural cell disorders.
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NCS1 overexpression restored mitochondrial activity and behavioral alterations in a zebrafish model of Wolfram syndrome. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2022; 27:295-308. [PMID: 36320410 PMCID: PMC9594121 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2022.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Wolfram syndrome (WS) is a rare neurodegenerative disease resulting in deafness, optic atrophy, diabetes, and neurological disorders. Currently, no treatment is available for patients. The mutated gene, WFS1, encodes an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein, Wolframin. We previously reported that Wolframin regulated the ER-mitochondria Ca2+ transfer and mitochondrial activity by protecting NCS1 from degradation in patients' fibroblasts. We relied on a zebrafish model of WS, the wfs1ab KO line, to analyze the functional and behavioral impact of NCS1 overexpression as a novel therapeutic strategy. The wfs1ab KO line showed an increased locomotion in the visual motor and touch-escape responses. The absence of wfs1 did not impair the cellular unfolded protein response, in basal or tunicamycin-induced ER stress conditions. In contrast, metabolic analysis showed an increase in mitochondrial respiration in wfs1ab KO larvae. Interestingly, overexpression of NCS1 using mRNA injection restored the alteration of mitochondrial respiration and hyperlocomotion. Taken together, these data validated the wfs1ab KO zebrafish line as a pertinent experimental model of WS and confirmed the therapeutic potential of NCS1. The wfs1ab KO line therefore appeared as an efficient model to identify novel therapeutic strategies, such as gene or pharmacological therapies targeting NCS1 that will correct or block WS symptoms.
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Olesen MA, Villavicencio-Tejo F, Quintanilla RA. The use of fibroblasts as a valuable strategy for studying mitochondrial impairment in neurological disorders. Transl Neurodegener 2022; 11:36. [PMID: 35787292 PMCID: PMC9251940 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-022-00308-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurological disorders (NDs) are characterized by progressive neuronal dysfunction leading to synaptic failure, cognitive impairment, and motor injury. Among these diseases, Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington’s disease (HD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) have raised a significant research interest. These disorders present common neuropathological signs, including neuronal dysfunction, protein accumulation, oxidative damage, and mitochondrial abnormalities. In this context, mitochondrial impairment is characterized by a deficiency in ATP production, excessive production of reactive oxygen species, calcium dysregulation, mitochondrial transport failure, and mitochondrial dynamics deficiencies. These defects in mitochondrial health could compromise the synaptic process, leading to early cognitive dysfunction observed in these NDs. Interestingly, skin fibroblasts from AD, PD, HD, and ALS patients have been suggested as a useful strategy to investigate and detect early mitochondrial abnormalities in these NDs. In this context, fibroblasts are considered a viable model for studying neurodegenerative changes due to their metabolic and biochemical relationships with neurons. Also, studies of our group and others have shown impairment of mitochondrial bioenergetics in fibroblasts from patients diagnosed with sporadic and genetic forms of AD, PD, HD, and ALS. Interestingly, these mitochondrial abnormalities have been observed in the brain tissues of patients suffering from the same pathologies. Therefore, fibroblasts represent a novel strategy to study the genesis and progression of mitochondrial dysfunction in AD, PD, HD, and ALS. This review discusses recent evidence that proposes fibroblasts as a potential target to study mitochondrial bioenergetics impairment in neurological disorders and consequently to search for new biomarkers of neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margrethe A Olesen
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisca Villavicencio-Tejo
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo A Quintanilla
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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Ali MZ, Dholaniya PS. Oxidative phosphorylation mediated pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease and its implication via Akt signaling. Neurochem Int 2022; 157:105344. [PMID: 35483538 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2022.105344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Substantia Nigra Pars-compacta (SNpc), in the basal ganglion region, is a primary source of dopamine release. These dopaminergic neurons require more energy than other neurons, as they are highly arborized and redundant. Neurons meet most of their energy demand (∼90%) from mitochondria. Oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) is the primary pathway for energy production. Many genes involved in Parkinson's disease (PD) have been associated with OxPhos, especially complex I. Abrogation in complex I leads to reduced ATP formation in these neurons, succumbing to death by inducing apoptosis. This review discusses the interconnection between complex I-associated PD genes and specific mitochondrial metabolic factors (MMFs) of OxPhos. Interestingly, all the complex I-associated PD genes discussed here have been linked to the Akt signaling pathway; thus, neuron survival is promoted and smooth mitochondrial function is ensured. Any changes in these genes disrupt the Akt pathway, which hampers the opening of the permeability transition pore (PTP) via GSK3β dephosphorylation; promotes destabilization of OxPhos; and triggers the release of pro-apoptotic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Zainul Ali
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500 046, India
| | - Pankaj Singh Dholaniya
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500 046, India.
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Zhu Y, Li Y, Zhang Q, Song Y, Wang L, Zhu Z. Interactions Between Intestinal Microbiota and Neural Mitochondria: A New Perspective on Communicating Pathway From Gut to Brain. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:798917. [PMID: 35283843 PMCID: PMC8908256 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.798917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies shown that neurological diseases are associated with neural mitochondrial dysfunctions and microbiome composition alterations. Since mitochondria emerged from bacterial ancestors during endosymbiosis, mitochondria, and bacteria had analogous genomic characteristics, similar bioactive compounds and comparable energy metabolism pathways. Therefore, it is necessary to rationalize the interactions of intestinal microbiota with neural mitochondria. Recent studies have identified neural mitochondrial dysfunction as a critical pathogenic factor for the onset and progress of multiple neurological disorders, in which the non-negligible role of altered gut flora composition was increasingly noticed. Here, we proposed a new perspective of intestinal microbiota – neural mitochondria interaction as a communicating channel from gut to brain, which could help to extend the vision of gut-brain axis regulation and provide additional research directions on treatment and prevention of responsive neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zhu
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ying Li
- Medical Technology College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yuanjian Song
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Medical Informatics and Engineering, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Liang Wang,
| | - Zuobin Zhu
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zuobin Zhu,
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The role of mitochondria in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia: A critical review of the evidence focusing on mitochondrial complex one. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 132:449-464. [PMID: 34864002 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
There has been increasing interest in the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Mitochondrial complex one (MCI) dysfunction may represent a mechanism linking bioenergetic impairment with the alterations in dopamine signalling, glutamatergic dysfunction, and oxidative stress found in the disorder. New lines of evidence from novel approaches make it timely to review evidence for mitochondrial involvement in schizophrenia, with a specific focus on MCI. The most consistent findings in schizophrenia relative to controls are reductions in expression of MCI subunits in post-mortem brain tissue (Cohen's d> 0.8); reductions in MCI function in post-mortem brains (d> 0.7); and reductions in neural glucose utilisation (d= 0.3 to 0.6). Antipsychotics may affect glucose utilisation, and, at least in vitro, affect MC1. The findings overall are consistent with MCI dysfunction in schizophrenia, but also highlight the need for in vivo studies to determine the link between MCI dysfunction and symptoms in patients. If new imaging tools confirm MCI dysfunction in the disease, this could pave the way for new treatments targeting this enzyme.
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12
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Hörmann P, Delcambre S, Hanke J, Geffers R, Leist M, Hiller K. Impairment of neuronal mitochondrial function by L-DOPA in the absence of oxygen-dependent auto-oxidation and oxidative cell damage. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:151. [PMID: 34226525 PMCID: PMC8257685 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00547-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
L-3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanin (L-DOPA or levodopa) is currently the most used drug to treat symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD). After crossing the blood-brain barrier, it is enzymatically converted to dopamine by neuronal cells and restores depleted endogenous neurotransmitter levels. L-DOPA is prone to auto-oxidation and reactive intermediates of its degradation including reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been implicated in cellular damage. In this study, we investigated how oxygen tension effects L-DOPA stability. We applied oxygen tensions comparable to those in the mammalian brain and demonstrated that 2% oxygen almost completely stopped its auto-oxidation. L-DOPA even exerted a ROS scavenging function. Further mechanistic analysis indicated that L-DOPA reprogrammed mitochondrial metabolism and reduced oxidative phosphorylation, depolarized the mitochondrial membrane, induced reductive glutamine metabolism, and depleted the NADH pool. These results shed new light on the cellular effects of L-DOPA and its neuro-toxicity under physiological oxygen levels that are very distinct to normoxic in vitro conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Hörmann
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biochemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Sylvie Delcambre
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Jasmin Hanke
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biochemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Robert Geffers
- Genome Analytics, Helmholtz-Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Marcel Leist
- In Vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Karsten Hiller
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biochemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany.
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Vlaikou AM, Nussbaumer M, Komini C, Lambrianidou A, Konidaris C, Trangas T, Filiou MD. Exploring the crosstalk of glycolysis and mitochondrial metabolism in psychiatric disorders and brain tumours. Eur J Neurosci 2021; 53:3002-3018. [PMID: 33226682 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Dysfunction of metabolic pathways characterises a plethora of common pathologies and has emerged as an underlying hallmark of disease phenotypes. Here, we focus on psychiatric disorders and brain tumours and explore changes in the interplay between glycolysis and mitochondrial energy metabolism in the brain. We discuss alterations in glycolysis versus core mitochondrial metabolic pathways, such as the tricarboxylic acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation, in major psychiatric disorders and brain tumours. We investigate potential common patterns of altered mitochondrial metabolism in different brain regions and sample types and explore how changes in mitochondrial number, shape and morphology affect disease-related manifestations. We also highlight the potential of pharmacologically targeting mitochondria to achieve therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angeliki-Maria Vlaikou
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological Applications and Technology, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.,Biomedical Research Division, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), Ioannina, Greece
| | - Markus Nussbaumer
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological Applications and Technology, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.,Biomedical Research Division, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), Ioannina, Greece
| | - Chrysoula Komini
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological Applications and Technology, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.,Biomedical Research Division, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), Ioannina, Greece
| | - Andromachi Lambrianidou
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological Applications and Technology, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Constantinos Konidaris
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological Applications and Technology, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.,Biomedical Research Division, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), Ioannina, Greece
| | - Theoni Trangas
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological Applications and Technology, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Michaela D Filiou
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological Applications and Technology, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.,Biomedical Research Division, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), Ioannina, Greece
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14
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Deng Z, Wang W, Xu X, Nie Y, Liu Y, Gould OEC, Ma N, Lendlein A. Biofunction of Polydopamine Coating in Stem Cell Culture. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:10748-10759. [PMID: 33594879 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c22565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
High levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during stem cell expansion often lead to replicative senescence. Here, a polydopamine (PDA)-coated substrate was used to scavenge extracellular ROS for mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) expansion. The PDA-coated substrate could reduce the oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage in replicative senescent MSCs. The expression of senescence-associated β-galactosidase of MSCs from three human donors (both bone marrow- and adipose tissue-derived) was suppressed on PDA. The MSCs on the PDA-coated substrate showed a lower level of interleukin 6 (IL-6), one of the senescence-associated inflammatory components. Cellular senescence-specific genes, such as p53 and p21, were downregulated on the PDA-coated substrate, while the stemness-related gene, OCT4, was upregulated. The PDA-coated substrate strongly promoted the proliferation rate of MSCs, while the stem cell character and differentiation potential were retained. Large-scale expansion of stem cells would greatly benefit from the PDA-coated substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijun Deng
- Institute of Active Polymers and Berlin-Brandenburg Centre for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, 14513 Teltow, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Free University of Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Weiwei Wang
- Institute of Active Polymers and Berlin-Brandenburg Centre for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, 14513 Teltow, Germany
| | - Xun Xu
- Institute of Active Polymers and Berlin-Brandenburg Centre for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, 14513 Teltow, Germany
| | - Yan Nie
- Institute of Active Polymers and Berlin-Brandenburg Centre for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, 14513 Teltow, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Yue Liu
- Institute of Active Polymers and Berlin-Brandenburg Centre for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, 14513 Teltow, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Oliver E C Gould
- Institute of Active Polymers and Berlin-Brandenburg Centre for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, 14513 Teltow, Germany
| | - Nan Ma
- Institute of Active Polymers and Berlin-Brandenburg Centre for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, 14513 Teltow, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Free University of Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Lendlein
- Institute of Active Polymers and Berlin-Brandenburg Centre for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, 14513 Teltow, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Free University of Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
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15
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Afonso AC, Pacheco FD, Canever L, Wessler PG, Mastella GA, Godoi AK, Hubbe I, Bischoff LM, Bialecki AVS, Zugno AI. Schizophrenia-like behavior is not altered by melatonin supplementation in rodents. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2020; 92:e20190981. [PMID: 32844989 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202020190981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
An emerging area in schizophrenia research focuses on the impact of immunomodulatory drugs such as melatonin, which have played important roles in many biological systems and functions, and appears to be promising. The objective was to evaluate the effect of melatonin on behavioral parameters in an animal model of schizophrenia. For this, Wistar rats were divided and used in two different protocols. In the prevention protocol, the animals received 1 or 10mg/kg of melatonin or water for 14 days, and between the 8th and 14th day they received ketamine or saline. In the reversal protocol, the opposite occurred. On the 14th day, the animals underwent behavioral tests: locomotor activity and prepulse inhibition task. In both protocols, the results revealed that ketamine had effects on locomotor activity and prepulse inhibition, confirming the validity of ketamine construction as a good animal model of schizophrenia. However, at least at the doses used, melatonin was not able to reverse/prevent ketamine damage. More studies are necessary to evaluate the role of melatonin as an adjuvant treatment in psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arlindo C Afonso
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Felipe D Pacheco
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Lara Canever
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Patricia G Wessler
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Gustavo A Mastella
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Amanda K Godoi
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Isabela Hubbe
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Laura M Bischoff
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Alex Victor S Bialecki
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Alexandra I Zugno
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
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16
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Gevi F, Belardo A, Zolla L. A metabolomics approach to investigate urine levels of neurotransmitters and related metabolites in autistic children. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165859. [PMID: 32512190 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Since recently metabolic abnormalities in autistic children have been associated with ASD disturbs, the aim of this study is to determine the neurotransmitter levels in urine samples of autistic children and to analyse the altered metabolic pathway involved in their production. Thus, ASD-specific urinary metabolomic patterns were explored in 40 ASD children and 40 matched controls using untargeted metabolomics through UHPLC-mass spectrometry (Q-exactive analyser), and by using XCMS Metlin software for data interpretation. Through this new advanced technique, a more considerable number of urinary altered metabolites were recorded in autistic children, than in the previous investigations, which allowed us to collect metabolites involved in neurotransmitter production. In these subjects, a high amount of dopamine was revealed and an increased amount of homovanillic acid, to the detriment of noradrenaline and adrenaline production, as well as MHPG and vanillylmandelic acid, which were found lower. This indicates that the accumulation of dopamine is not due to its greater production, but its lesser biotransformation into noradrenaline, due to the blockage of the dopamine β-hydroxylase enzyme by 4-cresol and vitamin C, both found in high quantities in autistic subjects. Finally, a decreased amount of the active form of vitamin B6, pyridoxal phosphate (P5P), implicated in biotransformation of glutamate into γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), was also detected, justifying the lower levels of latter. All of these alterations are correlated with a peculiar intestinal microbiome in autistic subjects, supporting the idea of a microbiota-gut-brain axis, then altered levels of neurotransmitters and altered neuronal transmission exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Gevi
- University of Tuscia, Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, 01110 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Antonio Belardo
- University of Tuscia, Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, 01110 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Lello Zolla
- University of Tuscia, Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, 01110 Viterbo, Italy.
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17
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Chan ST, McCarthy MJ, Vawter MP. Psychiatric drugs impact mitochondrial function in brain and other tissues. Schizophr Res 2020; 217:136-147. [PMID: 31744750 PMCID: PMC7228833 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2019.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria have been linked to the etiology of schizophrenia (SZ). However, studies of mitochondria in SZ might be confounded by the effects of pharmacological treatment with antipsychotic drugs (APDs) and other common medications. This review summarizes findings on relevant mitochondria mechanisms underlying SZ, and the potential impact of psychoactive drugs including primarily APDs, but also antidepressants and anxiolytics. The summarized data suggest that APDs impair mitochondria function by decreasing Complex I activity and ATP production and dissipation of the mitochondria membrane potential. At the same time, in the brains of patients with SZ, antipsychotic drug treatment normalizes gene expression modules enriched in mitochondrial genes that are decreased in SZ. This indicates that APDs may have both positive and negative effects on mitochondria. The available evidence suggests three conclusions i) alterations in mitochondria functions in SZ exist prior to APD treatment, ii) mitochondria alterations in SZ can be reversed by APD treatment, and iii) APDs directly cause impairment of mitochondria function. Overall, the mechanisms of action of psychiatric drugs on mitochondria are both direct and indirect; we conclude the effects of APDs on mitochondria may contribute to both their therapeutic and metabolic side effects. These studies support the hypothesis that neuronal mitochondria are an etiological factor in SZ. Moreover, APDs and other drugs must be considered in the evaluation of this pathophysiological role of mitochondria in SZ. Considering these effects, pharmacological actions on mitochondria may be a worthwhile target for further APD development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawna T Chan
- Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Human Behavior and Psychiatry, University of California, Irvine, USA; School of Medicine University of California, Irvine, USA
| | - Michael J McCarthy
- Psychiatry Service VA San Diego Healthcare System, Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, USA
| | - Marquis P Vawter
- Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Human Behavior and Psychiatry, University of California, Irvine, USA.
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18
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Varešlija D, Tipton KF, Davey GP, McDonald AG. 6-Hydroxydopamine: a far from simple neurotoxin. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2020; 127:213-230. [DOI: 10.1007/s00702-019-02133-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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19
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Ben-Shachar D. The bimodal mechanism of interaction between dopamine and mitochondria as reflected in Parkinson's disease and in schizophrenia. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2019; 127:159-168. [PMID: 31848775 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-019-02120-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) and schizophrenia (SZ) are two CNS disorders in which dysfunctions in the dopaminergic system and mitochondria are major pathologies. The symptomology of both, PD a neurodegenerative disorder and SZ a neurodevelopmental disorder, is completely different. However, the pharmacological treatment of each of the diseases can cause a shift of symptoms into those characteristic of the other disease. In this review, I describe a pathological interaction between dopamine and mitochondria in both disorders, which due to differences in the extent of oxidative stress leads either to cell death and tissue degeneration as in PD substantia nigra pars compacta or to distorted neuronal activity, imbalanced neuronal circuitry and abnormal behavior and cognition in SZ. This review is in the honor of Moussa Youdim who introduced me to the secrets of research work. His enthusiasm, curiosity and novelty-seeking inspired me throughout my career. Thank you Moussa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorit Ben-Shachar
- Laboratory of Psychobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Rambam Health Care Campus, and B. Rappaport Faculty of Medicine Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, POB 9649, 31096, Haifa, Israel.
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20
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Liu H, Jiang J, Zhao L. Protein arginine methyltransferase-1 deficiency restrains depression-like behavior of mice by inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress via Nrf-2. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 518:430-437. [PMID: 31492498 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Current evidence indicates that depression is accompanied by the activation of inflammatory response and oxidative stress. Protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) is a histone methyltransferase that methylates Arg3 on histone H4, playing crucial role in regulating various pathological processes. In the study, we attempted to explore the effects of PRMT1 on animal model with depression through a single administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Our results indicated that PRMT1 knockout (PRMT1-/-) improved LPS-induced anxiety- and depressive-like behavior, along with up-regulated expression levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and PSD-95. Furthermore, PRMT1 deficiency significantly improved LPS-induced changes in dendritic spine density in the areas of prefrontal cortex (PFC), CA3 and dentate gyrus (DG), and nucleus accumbens (NAc). In addition, PRMT1 deletion ameliorated the neuroinflammatory responses, as evidenced by the reduced expression of interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, which might be through repressing nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling. Moreover, oxidative stress induced by LPS was alleviated by PRMT1 knockout in hippocampus of mice at least partly via promoting Nrf-2 expressions. The anti-depressant effects of PRMT1 inhibition were verified in LPS-incubated astrocytes. Importantly, we found that PRMT1 knockout-alleviated inflammation and oxidative stress triggered by LPS were significantly recovered by the suppression of Nrf-2. Therefore, Nrf-2 was markedly involved in PRMT1-regulated depression-like behavior. Taken together, the results indicated that PRMT1 might be an important therapeutic target for developing effective treatment to prevent depressive-like behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Liu
- Department of Paediatrics, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, 252000, China
| | - Jinghui Jiang
- Department of Paediatrics, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, 252000, China
| | - Lili Zhao
- Department of Paediatrics, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, 252000, China.
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21
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Holper L, Ben-Shachar D, Mann JJ. Psychotropic and neurological medication effects on mitochondrial complex I and IV in rodent models. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2019; 29:986-1002. [PMID: 31320210 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2019.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial complex I (NADH-dehydrogenase) and complex IV (cytochrome-c-oxidase) are reported to be affected by drugs used to treat psychiatric or neurodegenerative diseases, including antidepressants, antipsychotics, anxiolytics, mood stabilizers, stimulants, antidementia, and antiparkinsonian drugs. We conducted meta-analyses examining the effects of each drug category on complex I and IV. The electronic databases Pubmed, EMBASE, CENTRAL, and Google Scholar were searched for studies published between 1970 and 2018. Of 3105 screened studies, 68 articles covering 53 drugs were included in the meta-analyses. All studies assessed complex I and IV in rodent brain at the level of enzyme activity. Results revealed that selected antidepressants increase or decrease complex I and IV, antipsychotics and stimulants decrease complex I but increase complex IV, whereas anxiolytics, mood stabilizers, antidementia, and antiparkinsonian drugs preserve or even enhance both complex I and IV. Potential contributions to the drug effects were found to be related to the drugs' neurotransmitter receptor profiles with adrenergic (α1B), dopaminergic (D1/2), glutaminergic (NMDA1,3), histaminergic (H1), muscarinic (M1,3), opioid (OP1-3), serotonergic (5-HT2A, 5-HT2C, 5-HT3A) and sigma (σ1) receptors having the greatest effects. The findings are discussed in relation to pharmacological mechanisms of action that might have relevance for clinical and research applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Holper
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - D Ben-Shachar
- Laboratory of Psychobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Rambam Health Care Campus, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion IIT, Haifa, Israel
| | - J J Mann
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, Columbia University and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, USA
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22
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Neuroprotective effects of coenzyme Q10 on paraquat-induced Parkinson's disease in experimental animals. Behav Pharmacol 2019; 29:79-86. [PMID: 28902670 DOI: 10.1097/fbp.0000000000000342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) affects ∼1-2% of the elderly population. Development of a neuroprotective therapy that may be initiated early in the course of the disease to retard/prevent disease progression is highly desirable. This study aimed to investigate prophylactic treatment with coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) before paraquat (PQ) exposure, a herbicide known to increase the risk for PD, to attain neuroprotection. In addition, therapeutic intervention with CoQ10 in mice already exposed to PQ (24 h) might halt ongoing neurodegeneration and behavioural deterioration. PD was induced experimentally in mice by an injection of PQ (10 mg/kg, intraperitoneal), twice a week for 3 consecutive weeks, either before or after the initiation of treatment with CoQ10 (200 mg/kg). The results of the sustained supplementation with CoQ10, prophylactically and therapeutically, were compared with L-DOPA (100 mg/kg). A battery of behavioural tests was performed, in addition to estimation of protein carbonyl in the brain. CoQ10 elicited a remarkable improvement in most of the behavioural tests and decreased protein carbonyl content in the brain, particularly when it was initiated before rather than after PQ induction of PD. Therefore, CoQ10, which protects against mitochondrial damage, may be beneficial in slowing the progression of PD, particularly when initiated as prophylactic treatment.
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23
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Abstract
Leigh syndrome (LS) is a common neurodegenerative disease affecting neonates with devastating sequences. One of the characteristic features for LS is the phenotypic polymorphism, which-in part-can be dedicated to variety of genetic causes. A strong correlation with mitochondrial dysfunction has been assumed as the main cause of LS. This was based on the fact that most genetic causes are related to mitochondrial complex I genome. The first animal LS model was designed based on NDUFS4 knockdown. Interestingly, however, this one or others could not recapitulate the whole spectrum of manifestations encountered in different cases of LS. We show in this chapter a new animal model for LS based on silencing of one gene that is reported previously in clinical cases, FOXRED1. The new model carries some differences from previous models in the fact that more histopathological degeneration in dopaminergic system is seen and more behavioral changes can be recognized. FOXRED1 is an interesting gene that is related to complex I assembly, hence, plays important role in different neurodegenerative disorders leading to different clinical manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara El-Desouky
- Medical Experimental Research Center (MERC), Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Yasmeen M Taalab
- Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
- German Institute of Disaster Medicine and Emergency Medicine, Tubingen, Germany
| | - Mohamed El-Gamal
- Medical Experimental Research Center (MERC), Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
- Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
- IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Wael Mohamed
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Al Minufya, Egypt
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Kulliyyah of Medicine, International Islamic University, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Mohamed Salama
- Medical Experimental Research Center (MERC), Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
- Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
- Atlantic Fellow for Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI), Trinity College Dublin (TCD), Dublin, Ireland.
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24
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Sivaraman S, Kraguljac NV, White DM, Morgan CJ, Gonzales SS, Lahti AC. Neurometabolic abnormalities in the associative striatum in antipsychotic-naïve first episode psychosis patients. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2018; 281:101-106. [PMID: 30286325 PMCID: PMC7874514 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a chronic, often progressive, disorder. Understanding the underlying neurobiology present in the early stages of the illness is as a pivotal step in designing targeted interventions aimed at arresting disease progression. The aim of our study was to examine neurometabolic changes in the dopamine rich associative striatum in medication-naïve first episode psychosis (FEP). We quantified neurometabolites in 14 FEP and 18 healthy controls (HC) matched on key demographic characteristics. Spectra from the voxel in the left associative striatum were acquired using a PRESS sequence (TR/TE = 2000/80 ms; 512 averages). MRS data were quantified in the time domain with AMARES in jMRUI. Choline was significantly elevated in FEP compared to HC. No significant alterations in other metabolites were observed. We did not observe correlations between metabolite levels and clinical characteristics in FEP. Here, we demonstrated elevated choline and a disruption of the relationship between N-acetyl-aspartate and Glx (glutamate + glutamine) in medication-naïve FEP patients in the left striatum indicating possible mitochondrial, membrane and glial dysfunction as an underlying pathological phenomenon. In addition, striatal choline shows promise as a biomarker for FEP that may have utility in clinical trials investigating target engagement in experimental regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Sivaraman
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Nina V Kraguljac
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - David M White
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Charity J Morgan
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Sara S Gonzales
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Adrienne C Lahti
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
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25
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Franco-Iborra S, Vila M, Perier C. Mitochondrial Quality Control in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Focus on Parkinson's Disease and Huntington's Disease. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:342. [PMID: 29875626 PMCID: PMC5974257 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, several important advances have been made in our understanding of the pathways that lead to cell dysfunction and death in Parkinson's disease (PD) and Huntington's disease (HD). Despite distinct clinical and pathological features, these two neurodegenerative diseases share critical processes, such as the presence of misfolded and/or aggregated proteins, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial anomalies. Even though the mitochondria are commonly regarded as the "powerhouses" of the cell, they are involved in a multitude of cellular events such as heme metabolism, calcium homeostasis, and apoptosis. Disruption of mitochondrial homeostasis and subsequent mitochondrial dysfunction play a key role in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases, further highlighting the importance of these organelles, especially in neurons. The maintenance of mitochondrial integrity through different surveillance mechanisms is thus critical for neuron survival. Mitochondria display a wide range of quality control mechanisms, from the molecular to the organellar level. Interestingly, many of these lines of defense have been found to be altered in neurodegenerative diseases such as PD and HD. Current knowledge and further elucidation of the novel pathways that protect the cell through mitochondrial quality control may offer unique opportunities for disease therapy in situations where ongoing mitochondrial damage occurs. In this review, we discuss the involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction in neurodegeneration with a special focus on the recent findings regarding mitochondrial quality control pathways, beyond the classical effects of increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and bioenergetic alterations. We also discuss how disturbances in these processes underlie the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative disorders such as PD and HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Franco-Iborra
- Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR)-Center for Networked Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miquel Vila
- Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR)-Center for Networked Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Celine Perier
- Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR)-Center for Networked Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
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26
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Robicsek O, Ene HM, Karry R, Ytzhaki O, Asor E, McPhie D, Cohen BM, Ben-Yehuda R, Weiner I, Ben-Shachar D. Isolated Mitochondria Transfer Improves Neuronal Differentiation of Schizophrenia-Derived Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells and Rescues Deficits in a Rat Model of the Disorder. Schizophr Bull 2018; 44:432-442. [PMID: 28586483 PMCID: PMC5814822 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbx077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Dysfunction of mitochondria, key players in various essential cell processes, has been repeatedly reported in schizophrenia (SZ). Recently, several studies have reported functional recovery and cellular viability following mitochondrial transplantation, mostly in ischemia experimental models. Here, we aimed to demonstrate beneficial effects of isolated active normal mitochondria (IAN-MIT) transfer in vitro and in vivo, using SZ-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) differentiating into glutamatergic neuron, as well as a rodent model of SZ. First, we show that IAN-MIT enter various cell types without manipulation. Next, we show that IAN-MIT transfer into SZ-derived lymphoblasts induces long-lasting improvement in various mitochondrial functions including cellular oxygen consumption and mitochondrial membrane potential (Δ ψ m). We also demonstrate improved differentiation of SZ-derived iPSCs into neurons, by increased expression of neuronal and glutamatergic markers β3-tubulin, synapsin1, and Tbr1 and by an activation of the glutamate-glutamine cycle. In the animal model, we show that intra-prefrontal cortex injection of IAN-MIT in adolescent rats exposed prenatally to a viral mimic prevents mitochondrial Δ ψ m and attentional deficit at adulthood. Our results provide evidence for a direct link between mitochondrial function and SZ-related deficits both in vitro and in vivo and suggest a therapeutic potential for IAN-MIT transfer in diseases with bioenergetic and neurodevelopmental abnormalities such as SZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Odile Robicsek
- Laboratory of Psychobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Rambam Health Care Campus, B. Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Rappaport Family Institute for Research in Medical Sciences, Technion IIT, Haifa, Israel
| | - Hila M Ene
- Laboratory of Psychobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Rambam Health Care Campus, B. Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Rappaport Family Institute for Research in Medical Sciences, Technion IIT, Haifa, Israel
| | - Rachel Karry
- Laboratory of Psychobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Rambam Health Care Campus, B. Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Rappaport Family Institute for Research in Medical Sciences, Technion IIT, Haifa, Israel
| | - Ofer Ytzhaki
- Laboratory of Psychobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Rambam Health Care Campus, B. Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Rappaport Family Institute for Research in Medical Sciences, Technion IIT, Haifa, Israel
| | - Eyal Asor
- Laboratory of Psychobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Rambam Health Care Campus, B. Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Rappaport Family Institute for Research in Medical Sciences, Technion IIT, Haifa, Israel
| | - Donna McPhie
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA
| | - Bruce M Cohen
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA
| | - Rotem Ben-Yehuda
- School of Psychological Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ina Weiner
- School of Psychological Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel,Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Dorit Ben-Shachar
- Laboratory of Psychobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Rambam Health Care Campus, B. Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Rappaport Family Institute for Research in Medical Sciences, Technion IIT, Haifa, Israel,To whom correspondence should be addressed; Laboratory of Psychobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Rambam Health Care Campus and B. Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion ITT, POB 9649, Haifa 31096, Israel; tel: +972-4-8295224, fax: +972-4-8295220, e-mail:
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27
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Ben-Shachar D. Mitochondrial multifaceted dysfunction in schizophrenia; complex I as a possible pathological target. Schizophr Res 2017; 187:3-10. [PMID: 27802911 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2016.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are key players in various essential cellular processes beyond being the main energy supplier of the cell. Accordingly, they are involved in neuronal synaptic transmission, neuronal growth and sprouting and consequently neuronal plasticity and connectivity. In addition, mitochondria participate in the modulation of gene transcription and inflammation as well in physiological responses in health and disease. Schizophrenia is currently regarded as a neurodevelopmental disorder associated with impaired immune system, aberrant neuronal differentiation and abnormalities in various neurotransmitter systems mainly the dopaminergic, glutaminergic and GABAergic. Ample evidence has been accumulated over the last decade indicating a multifaceted dysfunction of mitochondria in schizophrenia. Indeed, mitochondrial deficit can be of relevance for the majority of the pathologies observed in this disease. In the present article, we overview specific deficits of the mitochondria in schizophrenia, with a focus on the first complex (complex I) of the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC). We argue that complex I, being a major factor in the regulation of mitochondrial ETC, is a possible key modulator of various functions of the mitochondria. We review biochemical, molecular, cellular and functional evidence for mitochondrial impairments and their possible convergence to impact in-vitro neuronal differentiation efficiency in schizophrenia. Mitochondrial function in schizophrenia may advance our knowledge of the disease pathophysiology and open the road for new treatment targets for the benefit of the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorit Ben-Shachar
- Laboratory of Psychobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Rambam Health Care Campus, B. Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Rappaport Family Institute for Research in the Medical Sciences, Technion-IIT, Haifa, Israel.
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28
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Chen R, Zhang L, Li X, Ong L, Soe YG, Sinsua N, Gras SL, Tabor RF, Wang X, Shen W. Trace Analysis and Chemical Identification on Cellulose Nanofibers-Textured SERS Substrates Using the "Coffee Ring" Effect. ACS Sens 2017; 2:1060-1067. [PMID: 28750529 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.7b00403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has the theoretical possibility of detecting chemicals at the single molecular level. This potential is frequently limited, however, by the critical requirements of the surface morphology and mechanical stability of SERS substrates. In this paper, we report a new method for fabricating a SERS substrate with a significantly improved mechanical stability and analytical sensitivity, using cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). We constructed a uniformly CNFs-textured substrate on a glass surface by means of suppressing the "coffee ring" effect of the CNF sessile drop and then introduced an AuNP suspension onto the CNFs-textured substrate by taking advantage of the "coffee ring" effect. A widened detection zone is formed by AuNPs on the CNFs-textured glass, producing a stable SERS substrate for trace analysis and chemical identification. Microscopic and spectroscopic characterizations of the CNF-AuNPs SERS substrate show that the CNFs enhance the stability of both the AuNP clusters and the SERS activity. The CNF-AuNPs SERS substrate is significantly more stable and sensitive than the SERS substrate fabricated by directly depositing the AuNP suspension on a smooth glass surface.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Liyuan Zhang
- Institute
for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC 3217, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xungai Wang
- Institute
for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC 3217, Australia
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29
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Goswami P, Joshi N, Singh S. Neurodegenerative signaling factors and mechanisms in Parkinson's pathology. Toxicol In Vitro 2017. [PMID: 28627426 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2017.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic and progressive degenerative disorder of central nervous system which is mainly characterized by selective loss of dopaminergic neurons in the nigrostrial pathway. Clinical symptoms of this devastating disease comprise motor impairments such as resting tremor, bradykinesia, postural instability and rigidity. Current medications only provide symptomatic relief but fail to halt the dopaminergic neuronal death. While the etiology of dopaminergic neuronal death is not fully understood, combination of various molecular mechanisms seems to play a critical role. Studies from experimental animal models have provided crucial insights into the molecular mechanisms in disease pathogenesis and recognized possible targets for therapeutic interventions. Recent findings implicate the involvement of abnormal protein accumulation and phosphorylation, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative damage and deregulated kinase signaling as key molecular mechanisms affecting the normal function as well survival of dopaminergic neurons. Here we discuss the relevant findings on the PD pathology related mechanisms and recognition of the cell survival mechanisms which could be used as targets for neuroprotective strategies in preventing this devastating disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Goswami
- Neuronal Cell Death Mechanisms Laboratory, Toxicology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Neeraj Joshi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Helen Diller Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, USA
| | - Sarika Singh
- Neuronal Cell Death Mechanisms Laboratory, Toxicology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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30
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Morris G, Walder K, McGee SL, Dean OM, Tye SJ, Maes M, Berk M. A model of the mitochondrial basis of bipolar disorder. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2017; 74:1-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 01/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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31
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Chen H, Costa M. Effect of Soluble Nickel on Cellular Energy Metabolism in A549 Cells. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2016; 231:1474-80. [PMID: 17018869 DOI: 10.1177/153537020623100905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron is an essential nutrient to most organisms, and is actively involved in oxygen delivery, electron transport, DNA synthesis, and many other biochemical reactions important for cell survival. We previously reported that nickel (Ni) ion exposure decreases cellular iron level and converts cytosolic aconitase (c-aconitase) to iron-regulatory proteln-1 in A549 cells (Chen H, Davidson T, Singleton S, Garrick MD, Costa M. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 206:275–287, 2005). Here, we further investigated the effect of Ni ion exposure on the activity of mitochondrial iron-sulfur (Fe-S) enzymes and cellular energy metabolism. We found that acute Ni Ion treatment up to 1 mM exhibits minimal toxicity in A549 cells. Ni ion treatment decreases the activity of several Fe-S enzymes related to cellular energy metabolism, including mitochondrial aconitase (m-aconitase), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), and NADH:ublquinone oxldoreductase (complex I). Low doses of Ni ion for 4 weeks resulted in an increased cellular glycolysis and NADH to NAD+ (NADH/NAD+) ratio, although glycolysis was inhibited at higher levels. Collectively, our results show that Ni Ions decrease the activity of cellular iron (Fe)-containing enzymes, Inhibit oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos), and increase cellular glycolytic activity. Since increased glycolysis is one of the fundamental alterations of energy metabolism in cancer cells (the Warburg effect), the inhibition of Fe-S enzymes and subsequent changes in cellular energy metabolism caused by Ni Ions may play an Important role in Ni carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haobin Chen
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, 57 Old Forge Road, Tuxedo, NY 10987, USA
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32
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Porta F, Takala J, Weikert C, Kaufmann P, Krahenbuhl S, Jakob SM. Effect of endotoxin, dobutamine and dopamine on muscle mitochondrial respiration in vitro. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/09680519060120060601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Mitochondrial respiration is impaired during endotoxemia. While catecholamines are frequently used in sepsis, their effects on mitochondrial function are controversial. We assessed effects of dobutamine and dopamine endotoxin on isolated muscle mitochondria. Materials and Methods : Sternocleidomastoid muscle mitochondria were isolated from six anesthetized pigs. Each sample was divided into six different groups. Three groups were incubated with endotoxin, three with vehicle. After 1 h, dopamine and dobutamine at final concentrations of 100 µM were added to the vehicle and endotoxin groups. After 2 h, state 3 and 4 respiration rates were determined for all mitochondrial complexes. Oxygen consumption was determined with a Clark-type electrode. Results: Endotoxin increased glutamate-dependent state 4 respiration from 9.3 ± 3.6 to 31.9 ± 9.1 ( P = 0.001) without affecting state 3 respiration. This reduced the efficiency of mitochondrial respiration (RCR; state 3/state 4, 9.9 ± 1.9 versus 3.6 ± 0.6; P < 0.001). The other complexes were unaffected. Catecholamine partially restored the endotoxin-induced increase in complex I state 4 respiration rate (31.9 ± 9.1 versus 17.1 ± 6.4 and 20.1 ± 12.2) after dopamine and dobutamine, respectively ( P = 0.007), and enhanced the ADP:O ratio ( P = 0.033). Conclusions: Dopamine and dobutamine enhanced the efficiency of mitochondrial respiration after short-term endotoxin exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Porta
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jukka Takala
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christian Weikert
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Priska Kaufmann
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology and Department of Research, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Krahenbuhl
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology and Department of Research, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland,
| | - Stephan M. Jakob
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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33
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Bergman O, Ben-Shachar D. Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation System (OXPHOS) Deficits in Schizophrenia: Possible Interactions with Cellular Processes. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY. REVUE CANADIENNE DE PSYCHIATRIE 2016; 61:457-69. [PMID: 27412728 PMCID: PMC4959648 DOI: 10.1177/0706743716648290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are key players in the generation and regulation of cellular bioenergetics, producing the majority of adenosine triphosphate molecules by the oxidative phosphorylation system (OXPHOS). Linked to numerous signaling pathways and cellular functions, mitochondria, and OXPHOS in particular, are involved in neuronal development, connectivity, plasticity, and differentiation. Impairments in a variety of mitochondrial functions have been described in different general and psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia (SCZ), a severe, chronic, debilitating illness that heavily affects the lives of patients and their families. This article reviews findings emphasizing the role of OXPHOS in the pathophysiology of SCZ. Evidence accumulated during the past few decades from imaging, transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic studies points at OXPHOS deficit involvement in SCZ. Abnormalities have been reported in high-energy phosphates generated by the OXPHOS, in the activity of its complexes and gene expression, primarily of complex I (CoI). In addition, cellular signaling such as cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA) and Ca(+2), neuronal development, connectivity, and plasticity have been linked to OXPHOS function and are reported to be impaired in SCZ. Finally, CoI has been shown as a site of interaction for both dopamine (DA) and antipsychotic drugs, further substantiating its role in the pathology of SCZ. Understanding the role of mitochondria and the OXPHOS in particular may encourage new insights into the pathophysiology and etiology of this debilitating disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oded Bergman
- Laboratory of Psychobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Rambam Medical Center, Technion-IIT, Haifa, Israel B. Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-IIT, Haifa, Israel
| | - Dorit Ben-Shachar
- Laboratory of Psychobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Rambam Medical Center, Technion-IIT, Haifa, Israel B. Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-IIT, Haifa, Israel
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34
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Monpays C, Deslauriers J, Sarret P, Grignon S. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Schizophrenia: Determination of Mitochondrial Respiratory Activity in a Two-Hit Mouse Model. J Mol Neurosci 2016; 59:440-51. [PMID: 27034067 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-016-0746-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a chronic mental illness in which mitochondrial dysfunction has been suggested. Our laboratory recently developed a juvenile murine two-hit model (THM) of schizophrenia based on the combination of gestational inflammation, followed by juvenile restraint stress. We previously reported that relevant behaviors and neurochemical disturbances, including oxidative stress, were reversed by the antioxidant lipoic acid (LA), thereby pointing to the central role played by oxidative abnormalities and prompting us to investigate mitochondrial function. Mitochondrial activity was determined with the MitoXpress® commercial kit in two schizophrenia-relevant regions (prefrontal cortex (PFC) and striatum). Measurements were performed in state 3, with substrates for complex I- and complex II-induced respiratory activity (IRA). We observed an increase in complex I IRA in the PFC and striatum in both sexes but an increase in complex II activity only in males. LA treatment prevented this increase only in complex II IRA in males. Expression levels of the different respiratory chain complexes, as well as fission/fusion proteins and protein carbonylation, were unchanged. In conclusion, our juvenile schizophrenia THM shows an increase in mitochondrial activity reversed by LA, specifically in complex II IRA in males. Further investigations are required to determine the mechanisms of these modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Monpays
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, 12e avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, QC, J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Jessica Deslauriers
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, 12e avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, QC, J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Philippe Sarret
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, 12e avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, QC, J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Sylvain Grignon
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, 12e avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, QC, J1H 5N4, Canada. .,Department of Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, 580 Bowen Sud, Sherbrooke, QC, J1G 2E8, Canada.
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35
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Van Laar VS, Berman SB, Hastings TG. Mic60/mitofilin overexpression alters mitochondrial dynamics and attenuates vulnerability of dopaminergic cells to dopamine and rotenone. Neurobiol Dis 2016; 91:247-61. [PMID: 27001148 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2016.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in Parkinson's disease (PD) neuropathology. Mic60, also known as mitofilin, is a protein of the inner mitochondrial membrane and a key component of the mitochondrial contact site and cristae junction organizing system (MICOS). Mic60 is critical for maintaining mitochondrial membrane structure and function. We previously demonstrated that mitochondrial Mic60 protein is susceptible to both covalent modification and loss in abundance following exposure to dopamine quinone. In this study, we utilized neuronally-differentiated SH-SY5Y and PC12 dopaminergic cell lines to examine the effects of altered Mic60 levels on mitochondrial function and cellular vulnerability in response to PD-relevant stressors. Short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated knockdown of endogenous Mic60 protein in neuronal SH-SY5Y cells significantly potentiated dopamine-induced cell death, which was rescued by co-expressing shRNA-insensitive Mic60. Conversely, in PC12 and SH-SY5Y cells, Mic60 overexpression significantly attenuated both dopamine- and rotenone-induced cell death as compared to controls. Mic60 overexpression in SH-SY5Y cells was also associated with increased mitochondrial respiration, and, following rotenone exposure, increased spare respiratory capacity. Mic60 knockdown cells exhibited suppressed respiration and, following rotenone treatment, decreased spare respiratory capacity. Mic60 overexpression also affected mitochondrial fission/fusion dynamics. PC12 cells overexpressing Mic60 exhibited increased mitochondrial interconnectivity. Further, both PC12 cells and primary rat cortical neurons overexpressing Mic60 displayed suppressed mitochondrial fission and increased mitochondrial length in neurites. These results suggest that altering levels of Mic60 in dopaminergic neuronal cells significantly affects both mitochondrial homeostasis and cellular vulnerability to the PD-relevant stressors dopamine and rotenone, carrying implications for PD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor S Van Laar
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Pittsburgh Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sarah B Berman
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Pittsburgh Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Teresa G Hastings
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Pittsburgh Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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36
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Regulators of mitochondrial complex I activity: A review of literature and evaluation in postmortem prefrontal cortex from patients with bipolar disorder. Psychiatry Res 2016; 236:148-157. [PMID: 26723136 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2015.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Phenomenologically, bipolar disorder (BD) is characterized by biphasic increases and decreases in energy. As this is a state-related phenomenon, identifying regulators responsible for this phasic dysregulation has the potential to uncover key elements in the pathophysiology of BD. Given the evidence suggesting mitochondrial complex I dysfunction in BD, we aimed to identify the main regulators of complex I in BD by reviewing the literature and using the published microarray data to examine their gene expression profiles. We also validated protein expression levels of the main complex I regulators by immunohistochemistry. Upon reviewing the literature, we found PARK-7, STAT-3, SIRT-3 and IMP-2 play an important role in regulating complex I activity. Published microarray studies however revealed no significant direction of regulation of STAT-3, SIRT-3, and IMP-2, but a trend towards downregulation of PARK-7 was observed in BD. Immunocontent of DJ-1 (PARK-7-encoded protein) were not elevated in post mortem prefrontal cortex from patients with BD. We also found a trend towards upregulation of DJ-1 expression with age. Our results suggest that DJ-1 is not significantly altered in BD subjects, however further studies are needed to examine DJ-1 expression levels in a cohort of older patients with BD.
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37
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Olofsson K, Granskog V, Cai Y, Hult A, Malkoch M. Activated dopamine derivatives as primers for adhesive-patch fixation of bone fractures. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra23142f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Activated dopamine derivatives are synthesized and evaluated as primers between a TEC-crosslinked matrix and bone. Dopamine derivatives are shown to significantly increase the adhesive strength of fiber-reinforced adhesive bone patches.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Olofsson
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- Fibre and Polymer Technology
- Stockholm
- Sweden
| | - V. Granskog
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- Fibre and Polymer Technology
- Stockholm
- Sweden
| | - Y. Cai
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- Fibre and Polymer Technology
- Stockholm
- Sweden
| | - A. Hult
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- Fibre and Polymer Technology
- Stockholm
- Sweden
| | - M. Malkoch
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- Fibre and Polymer Technology
- Stockholm
- Sweden
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38
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Sun CK, Kao YH, Lee PH, Wu MC, Chen KC, Lin YC, Tsai MS, Chen PH. Dopamine impairs functional integrity of rat hepatocytes through nuclear factor kappa B activity modulation: An in vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro study. Liver Transpl 2015; 21:1520-32. [PMID: 26421799 DOI: 10.1002/lt.24346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Revised: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Dopamine (DA) is commonly used to maintain the hemodynamic stability of brain-dead donors despite its controversial effects on organ functions. This study aimed at examining the hemodynamic effect of DA in a rat brain-dead model in vivo, alteration of hepatocyte integrity in liver grafts after ex vivo preservation, and changes in cultured clone-9 hepatocytes including cellular viability, cell cycle, apoptotic regulators, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling machinery. Although in vivo findings demonstrated enhanced portal venous blood flow and hepatic microcirculatory perfusion after DA infusion, no apparent advantage was noted in preserving hepatocyte integrity ex vivo. In vitro, prolonged exposure to high-dose DA reduced proliferation and induced G1 growth arrest of clone-9 hepatocytes with concomitant decreases in B cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2)/B cell lymphoma 2-associated X protein (BAX) and heat shock protein 70/BAX protein ratios and intracellular NF-κB p65. Moreover, DA pretreatment suppressed LPS-elicited inhibitor of κBα phosphorylation and subsequent NF-κB nuclear translocation, suggesting that DA may down-regulate NF-κB signaling, thereby reducing expression of antiapoptotic regulators, such as BCL2. In conclusion, despite augmentation of hepatic perfusion, DA infusion failed to preserve hepatocyte integrity both in vivo and ex vivo. In vitro findings demonstrated that high-dose DA may hamper the function of NF-κB signaling machinery and eventually undermine functional integrity of hepatocytes in liver grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheuk-Kwan Sun
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Emergency Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,The School of Medicine for International Students, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Hsien Kao
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Huang Lee
- Department of Surgery, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chang Wu
- Department of Food Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Cho Chen
- Department of Food Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Lin
- Department of Surgery, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | | | - Po-Han Chen
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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39
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Piperazine derivatives as iron chelators: a potential application in neurobiology. Biometals 2015; 28:1043-61. [DOI: 10.1007/s10534-015-9889-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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40
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Rangel-Barajas C, Coronel I, Florán B. Dopamine Receptors and Neurodegeneration. Aging Dis 2015; 6:349-68. [PMID: 26425390 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2015.0330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2014] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Dopamine (DA) is one of the major neurotransmitters and participates in a number of functions such as motor coordination, emotions, memory, reward mechanism, neuroendocrine regulation etc. DA exerts its effects through five DA receptors that are subdivided in 2 families: D1-like DA receptors (D1 and D5) and the D2-like (D2, D3 and D4). All DA receptors are widely expressed in the central nervous system (CNS) and play an important role in not only in physiological conditions but also pathological scenarios. Abnormalities in the DAergic system and its receptors in the basal ganglia structures are the basis Parkinson's disease (PD), however DA also participates in other neurodegenerative disorders such as Huntington disease (HD) and multiple sclerosis (MS). Under pathological conditions reorganization of DAergic system has been observed and most of the times, those changes occur as a mechanism of compensation, but in some cases contributes to worsening the alterations. Here we review the changes that occur on DA transmission and DA receptors (DARs) at both levels expression and signals transduction pathways as a result of neurotoxicity, inflammation and in neurodegenerative processes. The better understanding of the role of DA receptors in neuropathological conditions is crucial for development of novel therapeutic approaches to treat alterations related to neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Rangel-Barajas
- 1Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences Program in Neurosciences, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA ; 2Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Israel Coronel
- 3Health Sciences Faculty, Anahuac University, Mexico Norte, State of Mexico, Mexico
| | - Benjamín Florán
- 4Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neurosciences CINVESTAV-IPN, Mexico
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Brown AN, Vied C, Dennis JH, Bhide PG. Nucleosome Repositioning: A Novel Mechanism for Nicotine- and Cocaine-Induced Epigenetic Changes. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0139103. [PMID: 26414157 PMCID: PMC4586372 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Drugs of abuse modify behavior by altering gene expression in the brain. Gene expression can be regulated by changes in DNA methylation as well as by histone modifications, which alter chromatin structure, DNA compaction and DNA accessibility. In order to better understand the molecular mechanisms directing drug-induced changes in chromatin structure, we examined DNA-nucleosome interactions within promoter regions of 858 genes in human neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y) exposed to nicotine or cocaine. Widespread, drug- and time-resolved repositioning of nucleosomes was identified at the transcription start site and promoter region of multiple genes. Nicotine and cocaine produced unique and shared changes in terms of the numbers and types of genes affected, as well as repositioning of nucleosomes at sites which could increase or decrease the probability of gene expression based on DNA accessibility. Half of the drug-induced nucleosome positions approximated a theoretical model of nucleosome occupancy based on physical and chemical characteristics of the DNA sequence, whereas the basal or drug naïve positions were generally DNA sequence independent. Thus we suggest that nucleosome repositioning represents an initial dynamic genome-wide alteration of the transcriptional landscape preceding more selective downstream transcriptional reprogramming, which ultimately characterizes the cell- and tissue-specific responses to drugs of abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber N. Brown
- Center for Brain Repair, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, United States of America
| | - Cynthia Vied
- Center for Brain Repair, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, United States of America
| | - Jonathan H. Dennis
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, United States of America
| | - Pradeep G. Bhide
- Center for Brain Repair, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Contribution of dopamine to mitochondrial complex I inhibition and dopaminergic deficits caused by methylenedioxymethamphetamine in mice. Neuropharmacology 2015; 93:124-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Revised: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Rajasekaran A, Venkatasubramanian G, Berk M, Debnath M. Mitochondrial dysfunction in schizophrenia: Pathways, mechanisms and implications. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2015; 48:10-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Revised: 10/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Hennis MR, Seamans KW, Marvin MA, Casey BH, Goldberg MS. Behavioral and neurotransmitter abnormalities in mice deficient for Parkin, DJ-1 and superoxide dismutase. PLoS One 2013; 8:e84894. [PMID: 24386432 PMCID: PMC3873453 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0084894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by loss of neurons in the substantia nigra that project to the striatum and release dopamine. The cause of PD remains uncertain, however, evidence implicates mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Although most cases of PD are sporadic, 5-10% of cases are caused by inherited mutations. Loss-of-function mutations in Parkin and DJ-1 were the first to be linked to recessively inherited Parkinsonism. Surprisingly, mice bearing similar loss-of-function mutations in Parkin and DJ-1 do not show age-dependent loss of nigral dopaminergic neurons or depletion of dopamine in the striatum. Although the normal cellular functions of Parkin and DJ-1 are not fully understood, we hypothesized that loss-of-function mutations in Parkin and DJ-1 render cells more sensitive to mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. To test this hypothesis, we crossed mice deficient for Parkin and DJ-1 with mice deficient for the mitochondrial antioxidant protein Mn-superoxide dismutase (SOD2) or the cytosolic antioxidant protein Cu-Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1). Aged Parkin-/-DJ-1-/- and Mn-superoxide dismutase triple deficient mice have enhanced performance on the rotorod behavior test. Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase triple deficient mice have elevated levels of dopamine in the striatum in the absence of nigral cell loss. Our studies demonstrate that on a Parkin/DJ-1 null background, mice that are also deficient for major antioxidant proteins do not have progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons but have behavioral and striatal dopamine abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan R. Hennis
- Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Katherine W. Seamans
- Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Marian A. Marvin
- Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Bradford H. Casey
- Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Matthew S. Goldberg
- Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Abnormal neuronal differentiation and mitochondrial dysfunction in hair follicle-derived induced pluripotent stem cells of schizophrenia patients. Mol Psychiatry 2013; 18:1067-76. [PMID: 23732879 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2013.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2012] [Revised: 02/19/2013] [Accepted: 04/08/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
One of the prevailing hypotheses suggests schizophrenia as a neurodevelopmental disorder, involving dysfunction of dopaminergic and glutamatergic systems. Accumulating evidence suggests mitochondria as an additional pathological factor in schizophrenia. An attractive model to study processes related to neurodevelopment in schizophrenia is reprogramming of somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and differentiating them into different neuronal lineages. iPSCs from three schizophrenia patients and from two controls were reprogrammed from hair follicle keratinocytes, because of their accessibility and common ectodermal origin with neurons. iPSCs were differentiated into Pax6(+)/Nestin(+) neural precursors and then further differentiated into β3-Tubulin(+)/tyrosine hydroxylase(+)/DAT(+) dopaminergic neurons. In addition, iPSCs were differentiated through embryonic bodies into β3-Tubulin(+)/Tbox brain1(+) glutamatergic neurons. Schizophrenia-derived dopaminergic cells showed severely impaired ability to differentiate, whereas glutamatergic cells were unable to maturate. Mitochondrial respiration and its sensitivity to dopamine-induced inhibition were impaired in schizophrenia-derived keratinocytes and iPSCs. Moreover, we observed dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) and perturbations in mitochondrial network structure and connectivity in dopaminergic along the differentiation process and in glutamatergic cells. Our data unravel perturbations in neural differentiation and mitochondrial function, which may be interconnected, and of relevance to dysfunctional neurodevelopmental processes in schizophrenia.
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Schmitt A, Reich-Erkelenz D, Gebicke-Härter P, Falkai P. Estudos transcriptômicos no contexto da conectividade perturbada em esquizofrenia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1590/s0101-60832012005000001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Esquizofrenia é uma severa doença neurobiológica com fatores genéticos e ambientais desempenhando um papel na fisiopatologia. Diversas regiões cerebrais têm sido implicadas no processo da doença e estão conectadas em complexos circuitos neuronais. Nos níveis molecular e celular, a conectividade afetada entre essas regiões, envolvendo mielinização disfuncional dos axônios neuronais, bem como as alterações no nível sináptico e metabolismo energético levando a distúrbios na plasticidade sináptica, são os maiores achados em estudos post-mortem. Estudos de microarranjos investigando a expressão gênica contribuíram para os achados de alterações em vias complexas em regiões cerebrais relevantes na esquizofrenia. Além disso, estudos utilizando microdissecção e captura a laser permitiram a investigação da expressão gênica em grupos específicos de neurônios. Entretanto, deve ser mantido em mente que em estudos post-mortem, confusos efeitos de medicação, qualidade de RNAm, bem como capacidade de mecanismos regenerativos neuroplásticos do cérebro em indivíduos com história de vida de esquizofrenia, podem influenciar o complexo padrão de alterações no nível molecular. Apesar dessas limitações, estudos transcriptômicos livres de hipóteses em tecido cerebral de pacientes esquizofrênicos oferecem uma possibilidade única para aprender mais sobre os mecanismos subjacentes, levando a novas ópticas da fisiopatologia da doença.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Schmitt
- Universidade de Göttingen, Alemanha; Universidade Ludwig Maximilians, Alemanha; Universidade de São Paulo, Brasil
| | | | | | - Peter Falkai
- Universidade de Göttingen, Alemanha; Universidade Ludwig Maximilians, Alemanha
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Bókkon I, Antal I. Schizophrenia: redox regulation and volume neurotransmission. Curr Neuropharmacol 2012; 9:289-300. [PMID: 22131938 PMCID: PMC3131720 DOI: 10.2174/157015911795596504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2010] [Revised: 05/30/2010] [Accepted: 06/04/2010] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we show that volume neurotransmission and the redox property of dopamine, as well as redox-regulated processes at glutamate receptors, can contribute significantly to our understanding of schizophrenia. Namely, volume neurotransmission may play a key role in the development of dysconnectivity between brain regions in schizophrenic patients, which can cause abnormal modulation of NMDA-dependent synaptic plasticity and produce local paroxysms in deafferented neural areas. During synaptic transmission, neuroredox regulations have fundamental functions, which involve the excellent antioxidant properties and nonsynaptic neurotransmission of dopamine. It is possible that the effect of redox-linked volume neurotransmission (diffusion) of dopamine is not as exact as communication by the classical synaptic mechanism, so approaching the study of complex schizophrenic mechanisms from this perspective may be beneficial. However, knowledge of redox signal processes, including the sources and molecular targets of reactive species, is essential for understanding the physiological and pathophysiological signal pathways in cells and the brain, as well as for pharmacological design of various types of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Bókkon
- Doctoral School of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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Zugno AI, Barcelos M, Oliveira LD, Canever L, Luca RDD, Fraga DB, Matos MP, Rezin GT, Scaini G, Búrigo M, Streck EL, Quevedo J. Energy metabolism, leptin, and biochemical parameters are altered in rats subjected to the chronic administration of olanzapine. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY 2012; 34:168-75. [DOI: 10.1590/s1516-44462012000200009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2011] [Accepted: 08/06/2011] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Z-Ligustilide Potentiates the Cytotoxicity of Dopamine in Rat Dopaminergic PC12 Cells. Neurotox Res 2012; 22:345-54. [DOI: 10.1007/s12640-012-9319-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2011] [Revised: 03/12/2012] [Accepted: 03/14/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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De Luca RD, Fraga DDB, Ghedim FV, Kolling J, Ferreira AGK, Cunha AA, Wyse ATS, Zugno AI. Na+,K+-ATPase activity is increased in rats subjected to chronic administration of ketamine. Acta Neuropsychiatr 2011; 23:215-8. [PMID: 25379891 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5215.2011.00596.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
De Luca RD, Fraga DB, Ghedim FV, Kolling J, Ferreira AGK, Cunha AA, Wyse ATS, Zugno AI. Na+,K+-ATPase activity is increased in rats subjected to chronic administration of ketamine.Objective: Schizophrenia is a devastating psychiatric disorder. Symptoms of schizophrenia can be divided into positive, negative and cognitive, and the physiopathology is still been unknown. Na+,K+-ATPase is a protein in its role as a maintainer of fluid balance in all mammals and alterations in this enzyme could cause brain abnormalities. The aim of our study was to investigate the activity of this enzyme in rats submitted to chronic administration of ketamine.Methods: Adult male Wistar rats were submitted to sub-anaesthetic doses of the 25 mg/kg ketamine by seven consecutive days and the Na+,K+-ATPase activity was analysed in prefrontal and hippocampus of rats.Results: We observed an increase in Na+,K+-ATPase activity in prefrontal cortex administration of 25 mg/kg ketamine. However, ketamine has no effect in hippocampus.Conclusion: This evidence indicates that the alteration in Na+,K+-ATPase may be related with glutamatergic system and consequently could be related to the development of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata D De Luca
- Laboratório de Neurociências and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, 88806-000, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Daiane de B Fraga
- Laboratório de Neurociências and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, 88806-000, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Fernando V Ghedim
- Laboratório de Neurociências and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, 88806-000, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Janaína Kolling
- Laboratório de Erros Inatos do Metabolismo, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas - Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Andrea G K Ferreira
- Laboratório de Erros Inatos do Metabolismo, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas - Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Aline A Cunha
- Laboratório de Erros Inatos do Metabolismo, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas - Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Angela T S Wyse
- Laboratório de Erros Inatos do Metabolismo, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas - Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexandra I Zugno
- Laboratório de Neurociências and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, 88806-000, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
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