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Zika O, Appel J, Klinge C, Shkreli L, Browning M, Wiech K, Reinecke A. Reduction of Aversive Learning Rates in Pavlovian Conditioning by Angiotensin II Antagonist Losartan: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Biol Psychiatry 2024; 96:247-255. [PMID: 38309320 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2024.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiotensin receptor blockade has been linked to aspects of aversive learning and memory formation and to the prevention of posttraumatic stress disorder symptom development. METHODS We investigated the influence of the angiotensin receptor blocker losartan on aversive Pavlovian conditioning using a probabilistic learning paradigm. In a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled design, we tested 45 (18 female) healthy volunteers during a baseline session, after application of losartan or placebo (drug session), and during a follow-up session. During each session, participants engaged in a task in which they had to predict the probability of an electrical stimulation on every trial while the true shock contingencies switched repeatedly between phases of high and low shock threat. Computational reinforcement learning models were used to investigate learning dynamics. RESULTS Acute administration of losartan significantly reduced participants' adjustment during both low-to-high and high-to-low threat changes. This was driven by reduced aversive learning rates in the losartan group during the drug session compared with baseline. The 50-mg drug dose did not induce reduction of blood pressure or change in reaction times, ruling out a general reduction in attention and engagement. Decreased adjustment of aversive expectations was maintained at a follow-up session 24 hours later. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that losartan acutely reduces Pavlovian learning in aversive environments, thereby highlighting a potential role of the renin-angiotensin system in anxiety development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondrej Zika
- Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
| | - Judith Appel
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Corinna Klinge
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Lorika Shkreli
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Browning
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Oxford Health NHS Trust, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Katja Wiech
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Functional Neuroimaging, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Reinecke
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Oxford Health NHS Trust, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom.
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Gironacci MM, Bruna-Haupt E. Unraveling the crosstalk between renin-angiotensin system receptors. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2024; 240:e14134. [PMID: 38488216 DOI: 10.1111/apha.14134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/24/2024]
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays a key role in blood pressure regulation. The RAS is a complex interconnected system composed of two axes with opposite effects. The pressor arm, represented by angiotensin (Ang) II and the AT1 receptor (AT1R), mediates the vasoconstrictor, proliferative, hypertensive, oxidative, and pro-inflammatory effects of the RAS, while the depressor/protective arm, represented by Ang-(1-7), its Mas receptor (MasR) and the AT2 receptor (AT2R), opposes the actions elicited by the pressor arm. The AT1R, AT2R, and MasR belong to the G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family. GPCRs operate not only as monomers, but they can also function in dimeric (homo and hetero) or higher-order oligomeric states. Due to the interaction with other receptors, GPCR properties may change: receptor affinity, trafficking, signaling, and its biological function may be altered. Thus, heteromerization provides a newly recognized means of modulation of receptor function, as well as crosstalk between GPCRs. This review is focused on angiotensin receptors, and how their properties are influenced by crosstalk with other receptors, adding more complexity to an already complex system and potentially opening up new therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariela M Gironacci
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, IQUIFIB (UBA-CONICET), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ezequiel Bruna-Haupt
- INTEQUI (CONICET), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
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3
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Basmadjian OM, Occhieppo VB, Montemerlo AE, Rivas GA, Rubianes MD, Baiardi G, Bregonzio C. Angiotensin II involvement in the development and persistence of amphetamine-induced sensitization: Striatal dopamine reuptake implications. Eur J Neurosci 2024; 59:2450-2464. [PMID: 38480476 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Amphetamine (AMPH) exposure induces behavioural and neurochemical sensitization observed in rodents as hyperlocomotion and increased dopamine release in response to a subsequent dose. Brain Angiotensin II modulates dopaminergic neurotransmission through its AT1 receptors (AT1-R), positively regulating striatal dopamine synthesis and release. This work aims to evaluate the AT1-R role in the development and maintenance of AMPH-induced sensitization. Also, the AT1-R involvement in striatal dopamine reuptake was analysed. The sensitization protocol consisted of daily AMPH administration for 5 days and tested 21 days after withdrawal. An AT1-R antagonist, candesartan, was administered before or after AMPH exposure to evaluate the participation of AT1-R in the development and maintenance of sensitization, respectively. Sensitization was evaluated by locomotor activity and c-Fos immunostaining. Changes in dopamine reuptake kinetics were evaluated 1 day after AT1-R blockade withdrawal treatment, with or without the addition of AMPH in vitro. The social interaction test was performed as another behavioural output. Repeated AMPH exposure induced behavioural and neurochemical sensitization, which was prevented and reversed by candesartan. The AT1-R blockade increased the dopamine reuptake kinetics. Neither the AMPH administration nor the AT1-R blockade altered the performance of social interaction. Our results highlight the AT1-R's crucial role in AMPH sensitization. The enhancement of dopamine reuptake kinetics induced by the AT1-R blockade might attenuate the neuroadaptive changes that lead to AMPH sensitization and its self-perpetuation. Therefore, AT1-R is a prominent candidate as a target for pharmacological treatment of pathologies related to dopamine imbalance, including drug addiction and schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osvaldo M Basmadjian
- Instituto de Farmacología Experimental de Córdoba (IFEC-CONICET), Departamento de Farmacología Otto Orsingher, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Victoria B Occhieppo
- Instituto de Farmacología Experimental de Córdoba (IFEC-CONICET), Departamento de Farmacología Otto Orsingher, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Antonella E Montemerlo
- INFIQC-CONICET, Departamento de Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Gustavo A Rivas
- INFIQC-CONICET, Departamento de Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María D Rubianes
- INFIQC-CONICET, Departamento de Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Gustavo Baiardi
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, (IIBYT-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Claudia Bregonzio
- Instituto de Farmacología Experimental de Córdoba (IFEC-CONICET), Departamento de Farmacología Otto Orsingher, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
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Labandeira-Garcia JL, Labandeira CM, Guerra MJ, Rodriguez-Perez AI. The role of the brain renin-angiotensin system in Parkinson´s disease. Transl Neurodegener 2024; 13:22. [PMID: 38622720 PMCID: PMC11017622 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-024-00410-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) was classically considered a circulating hormonal system that regulates blood pressure. However, different tissues and organs, including the brain, have a local paracrine RAS. Mutual regulation between the dopaminergic system and RAS has been observed in several tissues. Dysregulation of these interactions leads to renal and cardiovascular diseases, as well as progression of dopaminergic neuron degeneration in a major brain center of dopamine/angiotensin interaction such as the nigrostriatal system. A decrease in the dopaminergic function induces upregulation of the angiotensin type-1 (AT1) receptor activity, leading to recovery of dopamine levels. However, AT1 receptor overactivity in dopaminergic neurons and microglial cells upregulates the cellular NADPH-oxidase-superoxide axis and Ca2+ release, which mediate several key events in oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and α-synuclein aggregation, involved in Parkinson's disease (PD) pathogenesis. An intraneuronal antioxidative/anti-inflammatory RAS counteracts the effects of the pro-oxidative AT1 receptor overactivity. Consistent with this, an imbalance in RAS activity towards the pro-oxidative/pro-inflammatory AT1 receptor axis has been observed in the substantia nigra and striatum of several animal models of high vulnerability to dopaminergic degeneration. Interestingly, autoantibodies against angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and AT1 receptors are increased in PD models and PD patients and contribute to blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysregulation and nigrostriatal pro-inflammatory RAS upregulation. Therapeutic strategies addressed to the modulation of brain RAS, by AT1 receptor blockers (ARBs) and/or activation of the antioxidative axis (AT2, Mas receptors), may be neuroprotective for individuals with a high risk of developing PD or in prodromal stages of PD to reduce progression of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Luis Labandeira-Garcia
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology of Parkinson´S Disease, Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), IDIS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain.
- Networking Research Center On Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.
| | | | - Maria J Guerra
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology of Parkinson´S Disease, Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), IDIS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
- Networking Research Center On Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana I Rodriguez-Perez
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology of Parkinson´S Disease, Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), IDIS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain.
- Networking Research Center On Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.
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Xu T, Chen Z, Zhou X, Wang L, Zhou F, Yao D, Zhou B, Becker B. The central renin-angiotensin system: A genetic pathway, functional decoding, and selective target engagement characterization in humans. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2306936121. [PMID: 38349873 PMCID: PMC10895353 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2306936121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that the brain renin angiotensin system (RAS) plays a pivotal role in the regulation of cognition and behavior as well as in the neuropathology of neurological and mental disorders. The angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) mediates most functional and neuropathology-relevant actions associated with the central RAS. However, an overarching comprehension to guide translation and utilize the therapeutic potential of the central RAS in humans is currently lacking. We conducted a comprehensive characterization of the RAS using an innovative combination of transcriptomic gene expression mapping, image-based behavioral decoding, and pre-registered randomized controlled discovery-replication pharmacological resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) trials (N = 132) with a selective AT1R antagonist. The AT1R exhibited a particular dense expression in a subcortical network encompassing the thalamus, striatum, and amygdalo-hippocampal formation. Behavioral decoding of the AT1R gene expression brain map showed an association with memory, stress, reward, and motivational processes. Transient pharmacological blockade of the AT1R further decreased neural activity in subcortical systems characterized by a high AT1R expression, while increasing functional connectivity in the cortico-basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical circuitry. Effects of AT1R blockade on the network level were specifically associated with the transcriptomic signatures of the dopaminergic, opioid, acetylcholine, and corticotropin-releasing hormone signaling systems. The robustness of the results was supported in an independent pharmacological fMRI trial. These findings present a biologically informed comprehensive characterization of the central AT1R pathways and their functional relevance on the neural and behavioral level in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xu
- The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu610054, People’s Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu610054, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiyi Chen
- Experimental Research Center for Medical and Psychological Science, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing400037, People’s Republic of China
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing400715, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing400715, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinqi Zhou
- Institute of Brain and Psychological Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lan Wang
- The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu610054, People’s Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu610054, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing400715, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing400715, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dezhong Yao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu610054, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Zhou
- The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu610054, People’s Republic of China
| | - Benjamin Becker
- The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu610054, People’s Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu610054, People’s Republic of China
- The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong999077, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong999077, People’s Republic of China
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Lage L, Rodriguez-Perez AI, Villar-Cheda B, Labandeira-Garcia JL, Dominguez-Meijide A. Angiotensin type 1 receptor activation promotes neuronal and glial alpha-synuclein aggregation and transmission. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2024; 10:37. [PMID: 38368444 PMCID: PMC10874459 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-024-00650-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The brain renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has been related to dopaminergic degeneration, and high expression of the angiotensin II (AngII) type 1 receptor (AT1) gene is a marker of the most vulnerable neurons in humans. However, it is unknown whether AngII/AT1 overactivation affects α-synuclein aggregation and transmission. In vitro, AngII/AT1 activation increased α-synuclein aggregation in dopaminergic neurons and microglial cells, which was related to AngII-induced NADPH-oxidase activation and intracellular calcium raising. In mice, AngII/AT1 activation was involved in MPTP-induced increase in α-synuclein expression and aggregation, as they significantly decreased in mice treated with the AT1 blocker telmisartan and AT1 knockout mice. Cell co-cultures (transwells) revealed strong transmission of α-synuclein from dopaminergic neurons to astrocytes and microglia. AngII induced a higher α-synuclein uptake by microglial cells and an increase in the transfer of α-synuclein among astroglial cells. However, AngII did not increase the release of α-synuclein by neurons. The results further support brain RAS dysregulation as a major mechanism for the progression of Parkinson's disease, and AT1 inhibition and RAS modulation as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Lage
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology of Parkinson's disease, Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic diseases (CIMUS), IDIS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ana I Rodriguez-Perez
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology of Parkinson's disease, Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic diseases (CIMUS), IDIS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Begoña Villar-Cheda
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology of Parkinson's disease, Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic diseases (CIMUS), IDIS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose L Labandeira-Garcia
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology of Parkinson's disease, Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic diseases (CIMUS), IDIS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Antonio Dominguez-Meijide
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology of Parkinson's disease, Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic diseases (CIMUS), IDIS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.
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7
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Zhang X, Zhang S, Wang M, Chen H, Liu H. Advances in the allostery of angiotensin II type 1 receptor. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:110. [PMID: 37330563 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01063-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) is a promising therapeutic target for cardiovascular diseases. Compared with orthosteric ligands, allosteric modulators attract considerable attention for drug development due to their unique advantages of high selectivity and safety. However, no allosteric modulators of AT1R have been applied in clinical trials up to now. Except for the classical allosteric modulators of AT1R such as antibody, peptides and amino acids, cholesterol and biased allosteric modulators, there are non-classical allosteric modes including the ligand-independent allosteric mode, and allosteric mode of biased agonists and dimers. In addition, finding the allosteric pockets based on AT1R conformational change and interaction interface of dimers are the future of drug design. In this review, we summarize the different allosteric mode of AT1R, with a view to contribute to the development and utilization of drugs targeting AT1R allostery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zhang
- Department of Physiology & Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders Related Cardiovascular Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Suli Zhang
- Department of Physiology & Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders Related Cardiovascular Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Meili Wang
- Department of Physiology & Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders Related Cardiovascular Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Physiology & Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders Related Cardiovascular Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Huirong Liu
- Department of Physiology & Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders Related Cardiovascular Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Physiology & Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, 10 Xitoutiao, You An Men Street, Beijing, 100069, China.
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Lubec J, Hussein AM, Kalaba P, Feyissa DD, Arias-Sandoval E, Cybulska-Klosowicz A, Bezu M, Stojanovic T, Korz V, Malikovic J, Aher NY, Zehl M, Dragacevic V, Leban JJ, Sagheddu C, Wackerlig J, Pistis M, Correa M, Langer T, Urban E, Höger H, Lubec G. Low-Affinity/High-Selectivity Dopamine Transport Inhibition Sufficient to Rescue Cognitive Functions in the Aging Rat. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13030467. [PMID: 36979402 PMCID: PMC10046369 DOI: 10.3390/biom13030467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The worldwide increase in cognitive decline, both in aging and with psychiatric disorders, warrants a search for pharmacological treatment. Although dopaminergic treatment approaches represent a major step forward, current dopamine transporter (DAT) inhibitors are not sufficiently specific as they also target other transporters and receptors, thus showing unwanted side effects. Herein, we describe an enantiomerically pure, highly specific DAT inhibitor, S-CE-123, synthetized in our laboratory. Following binding studies to DAT, NET and SERT, GPCR and kinome screening, pharmacokinetics and a basic neurotoxic screen, S-CE-123 was tested for its potential to enhance and/or rescue cognitive functions in young and in aged rats in the non-invasive reward-motivated paradigm of a hole-board test for spatial learning. In addition, an open field study with young rats was carried out. We demonstrated that S-CE-123 is a low-affinity but highly selective dopamine reuptake inhibitor with good bioavailability. S-CE-123 did not induce hyperlocomotion or anxiogenic or stereotypic behaviour in young rats. Our compound improved the performance of aged but not young rats in a reward-motivated task. The well-described impairment of the dopaminergic system in aging may underlie the age-specific effect. We propose S-CE-123 as a possible candidate for developing a tentative therapeutic strategy for age-related cognitive decline and cognitive dysfunction in psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Lubec
- Programme for Proteomics, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Ahmed M. Hussein
- Programme for Proteomics, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Predrag Kalaba
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniel Daba Feyissa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Anita Cybulska-Klosowicz
- Neurobiology of Emotions Laboratory, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 02093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mekite Bezu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Tamara Stojanovic
- Programme for Proteomics, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Volker Korz
- Programme for Proteomics, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Jovana Malikovic
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Nilima Y. Aher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Zehl
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Vladimir Dragacevic
- Programme for Proteomics, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Johann Jakob Leban
- Programme for Proteomics, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Claudia Sagheddu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Judith Wackerlig
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Marco Pistis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
- Section of Cagliari, Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 09042 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Merce Correa
- Department of Psychobiology, Universitat Jaume I, 12006 Castelló, Spain
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Behavioral Neuroscience Division, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Thierry Langer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ernst Urban
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Harald Höger
- Core Unit of Biomedical Research, Division of Laboratory Animal Science and Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, 2325 Himberg, Austria
| | - Gert Lubec
- Programme for Proteomics, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-676-569-4816
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Xu T, Zhou X, Kanen JW, Wang L, Li J, Chen Z, Zhang R, Jiao G, Zhou F, Zhao W, Yao S, Becker B. Angiotensin blockade enhances motivational reward learning via enhancing striatal prediction error signaling and frontostriatal communication. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:1692-1702. [PMID: 36810437 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02001-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Adaptive human learning utilizes reward prediction errors (RPEs) that scale the differences between expected and actual outcomes to optimize future choices. Depression has been linked with biased RPE signaling and an exaggerated impact of negative outcomes on learning which may promote amotivation and anhedonia. The present proof-of-concept study combined computational modeling and multivariate decoding with neuroimaging to determine the influence of the selective competitive angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist losartan on learning from positive or negative outcomes and the underlying neural mechanisms in healthy humans. In a double-blind, between-subjects, placebo-controlled pharmaco-fMRI experiment, 61 healthy male participants (losartan, n = 30; placebo, n = 31) underwent a probabilistic selection reinforcement learning task incorporating a learning and transfer phase. Losartan improved choice accuracy for the hardest stimulus pair via increasing expected value sensitivity towards the rewarding stimulus relative to the placebo group during learning. Computational modeling revealed that losartan reduced the learning rate for negative outcomes and increased exploitatory choice behaviors while preserving learning for positive outcomes. These behavioral patterns were paralleled on the neural level by increased RPE signaling in orbitofrontal-striatal regions and enhanced positive outcome representations in the ventral striatum (VS) following losartan. In the transfer phase, losartan accelerated response times and enhanced VS functional connectivity with left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex when approaching maximum rewards. These findings elucidate the potential of losartan to reduce the impact of negative outcomes during learning and subsequently facilitate motivational approach towards maximum rewards in the transfer of learning. This may indicate a promising therapeutic mechanism to normalize distorted reward learning and fronto-striatal functioning in depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xu
- The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinqi Zhou
- The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jonathan W Kanen
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lan Wang
- The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jialin Li
- Max Planck School of Cognition, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Zhiyi Chen
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Ran Zhang
- The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Guojuan Jiao
- The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Weihua Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuxia Yao
- MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Benjamin Becker
- The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China. .,MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
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10
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Interactions between the intrarenal dopaminergic and the renin-angiotensin systems in the control of systemic arterial pressure. Clin Sci (Lond) 2022; 136:1205-1227. [PMID: 35979889 DOI: 10.1042/cs20220338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Systemic arterial hypertension is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the general population, being a risk factor for many cardiovascular diseases. Although its pathogenesis is complex and still poorly understood, some systems appear to play major roles in its development. This review aims to update the current knowledge on the interaction of the intrarenal renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and dopaminergic system in the development of hypertension, focusing on recent scientific hallmarks in the field. The intrarenal RAS, composed of several peptides and receptors, has a critical role in the regulation of blood pressure (BP) and, consequently, the development of hypertension. The RAS is divided into two main intercommunicating axes: the classical axis, composed of angiotensin-converting enzyme, angiotensin II, and angiotensin type 1 receptor, and the ACE2/angiotensin-(1-7)/Mas axis, which appears to modulate the effects of the classical axis. Dopamine and its receptors are also increasingly showing an important role in the pathogenesis of hypertension, as abnormalities in the intrarenal dopaminergic system impair the regulation of renal sodium transport, regardless of the affected dopamine receptor subtype. There are five dopamine receptors, which are divided into two major subtypes: the D1-like (D1R and D5R) and D2-like (D2R, D3R, and D4R) receptors. Mice deficient in any of the five dopamine receptor subtypes have increased BP. Intrarenal RAS and the dopaminergic system have complex interactions. The balance between both systems is essential to regulate the BP homeostasis, as alterations in the control of both can lead to hypertension.
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11
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Mogi M. Aldosterone breakthrough from a pharmacological perspective. Hypertens Res 2022; 45:967-975. [PMID: 35422512 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-022-00913-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Aldosterone (Aldo) breakthrough is a well-known phenomenon that occurs in patients with long-term renin-angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS) blockade using inhibitors of renin or angiotensin converting enzyme or angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers. The blockade of the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR), an Aldo binding receptor, is effective in managing patients with resistant hypertension, defined as uncontrollable blood pressure despite the concurrent use of three antihypertensive drugs. In other words, MR inhibitors are not used as first-line antihypertensive drugs in most guidelines for hypertension management. Aldo breakthrough puts hypertensive patients at higher risk of cardiovascular disease and worsens future outcomes. This review discusses Aldo secretion and the mechanism of Aldo breakthrough, dependent or independent of the RAAS, with consideration of the pharmacological aspects of this phenomenon, as well as hypothetical views.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Mogi
- Department of Pharmacology, Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Tohon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan.
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12
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Casadó-Anguera V, Casadó V. Unmasking allosteric binding sites: Novel targets for GPCR drug discovery. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2022; 17:897-923. [PMID: 35649692 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2022.2085684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Unexpected non-apparent and hidden allosteric binding sites are non-classical and non-apparent allosteric centers in 3-D X-ray protein structures until orthosteric or allosteric ligands bind to them. The orthosteric center of one protomer that modulates binding centers of the other protomers within an oligomer is also an unexpected allosteric site. Furthermore, another partner protein can also produce these effects, acting as an unexpected allosteric modulator. AREAS COVERED This review summarizes both classical and non-classical allosterism. The authors focus on G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) oligomers as a paradigm of allosteric molecules. Moreover, they show several examples of unexpected allosteric sites such as hidden allosteric sites in a protomer that appear after the interaction with other molecules and the allosterism exerted between orthosteric sites within GPCR oligomer, emphasizing on the allosteric modulations that can occur between binding sites. EXPERT OPINION The study of these new non-classical allosteric sites will expand the diversity of allosteric control on the function of orthosteric sites within proteins, whether GPCRs or other receptors, enzymes or transporters. Moreover, the design of new drugs targeting these hidden allosteric sites or already known orthosteric sites acting as allosteric sites in protein homo- or hetero-oligomers will increase the therapeutic potential of allosterism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verònica Casadó-Anguera
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, and Institute of Biomedicine of the Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Laboratory of Neuropharmacology-Neurophar, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vicent Casadó
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, and Institute of Biomedicine of the Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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13
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Schizophrenia-like endurable behavioral and neuroadaptive changes induced by ketamine administration involve Angiotensin II AT 1 receptor. Behav Brain Res 2022; 425:113809. [PMID: 35218792 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.113809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a chronic disease affecting 1% worldwide population, of which 30% are refractory to the available treatments: thus, searching for new pharmacological targets is imperative. The acute and repeated ketamine administration are validated preclinical models that recreate the behavioral and neurochemical features of this pathology, including the parvalbumin-expressing interneurons dysfunction. Angiotensin II, through AT1 receptors (AT1-R), modulates the dopaminergic and GABAergic neurotransmission. We evaluated the AT1-R role in the long-term neuronal activation and behavioral alterations induced by repeated ketamine administration. Adult male Wistar rats received AT1-R antagonist candesartan/vehicle (days 1-10) and ketamine/saline (days 6-10). After 14 days of drug-free, neuronal activation and behavioral analysis were performed. Locomotor activity, social interaction and novel object recognition tests were assessed at basal conditions or after ketamine challenge. Immunostaining for c-Fos, GAD67 and parvalbumin were assessed after ketamine challenge in cingulate, insular, piriform, perirhinal, and entorhinal cortices, striatum, and hippocampus. Additionally, to evaluate the AT1-R involvement in acute ketamine psychotomimetic effects, the same behavioral tests were performed after 6 days of daily-candesartan and a single-ketamine administration. We found that ketamine-induced long-lasting schizophrenia-like behavioral alterations, and regional-dependent neuronal activation changes, involving the GABAergic neurotransmission system and the parvalbumin-expressing interneurons, were AT1-R-dependent. The AT1-R were not involved in the acute ketamine psychotomimetic effects. These results add new evidence to the wide spectrum of action of ketamine and strengthen the AT1-R involvement in endurable alterations induced by psychostimulants administration, previously proposed by our group, as well as their preponderant role in the development of psychiatric pathologies.
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14
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Gallo M, Defaus S, Andreu D. Disrupting GPCR Complexes with Smart Drug-like Peptides. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14010161. [PMID: 35057055 PMCID: PMC8779866 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14010161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are a superfamily of proteins classically described as monomeric transmembrane (TM) receptors. However, increasing evidence indicates that many GPCRs form higher-order assemblies made up of monomers pertaining to identical (homo) or to various (hetero) receptors. The formation and structure of these oligomers, their physiological role and possible therapeutic applications raise a variety of issues that are currently being actively explored. In this context, synthetic peptides derived from TM domains stand out as powerful tools that can be predictably targeted to disrupt GPCR oligomers, especially at the interface level, eventually impairing their action. However, despite such potential, TM-derived, GPCR-disrupting peptides often suffer from inadequate pharmacokinetic properties, such as low bioavailability, a short half-life or rapid clearance, which put into question their therapeutic relevance and promise. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of GPCR complexes, with an emphasis on current studies using GPCR-disrupting peptides mimicking TM domains involved in multimerization, and we also highlight recent strategies used to achieve drug-like versions of such TM peptide candidates for therapeutic application.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sira Defaus
- Correspondence: (S.D.); (D.A.); Tel.: +34-933160868 (S.D. & D.A.)
| | - David Andreu
- Correspondence: (S.D.); (D.A.); Tel.: +34-933160868 (S.D. & D.A.)
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15
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Coatl-Cuaya H, Tendilla-Beltrán H, de Jesús-Vásquez LM, Garcés-Ramírez L, Gómez-Villalobos MDJ, Flores G. Losartan enhances cognitive and structural neuroplasticity impairments in spontaneously hypertensive rats. J Chem Neuroanat 2021; 120:102061. [PMID: 34952137 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2021.102061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension is a risk factor for vascular dementia, which is the second most prevalent type of dementia, just behind Alzheimer's disease. This highlights the brain vulnerability due to hypertension, which may increase with aging. Thus, studying how hypertension affects neural cells and behavior, as well as the effects of antihypertensives on these alterations, it's important to understand the hypertension consequences in the brain. The spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) has been useful for the study of hypertension alterations in diverse organs, including the brain. Thus, we studied the losartan effects on cognitive and structural neuroplasticity impairments in SHR of 10 months of age. In the first instance, we evaluated the losartan effects on exploratory behavior and novel object recognition test (NORT) in the SHR. Then, we assessed the density and morphology of dendritic spines of pyramidal neurons from the prefrontal cortex (PFC) layers 3 and 5, and CA1 of the dorsal Hp (dHp). Our results indicate that in SHR, losartan treatment (2 months, 15 mg/Kg/day) reduces high blood pressure to age-matched vehicle-treated Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rat levels. Moreover, losartan improved long-term memory in SHR compared with age-matched vehicle-treated WKY rats, without affecting the locomotor and anxiety behaviors. The behavioral improvement of the SHR can be associated with the increase in the number of dendritic spines and the mushroom spine population in the PFC and the dHp. In conclusion, losartan enhances cognitive impairments by controlling the high blood pressure and improving neuroplasticity in animals with chronic hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heriberto Coatl-Cuaya
- Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Mexico; Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas (ENCB), Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), CDMX, Mexico
| | - Hiram Tendilla-Beltrán
- Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Mexico; Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas (ENCB), Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), CDMX, Mexico
| | | | - Linda Garcés-Ramírez
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas (ENCB), Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), CDMX, Mexico
| | | | - Gonzalo Flores
- Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Mexico.
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16
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Zhao W, Zhao YL, Liu M, Liu L, Wang Y. Possible repair mechanisms of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors, matrix metalloproteinase-9 inhibitors and protein hormones on methamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:7509-7516. [PMID: 34623593 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06741-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Methamphetamine is a highly addictive central stimulant with extensive and strong neurotoxicity. The neurotoxicity of methamphetamine is closely related to the imbalance of dopamine levels and the destruction of the blood-brain barrier. An increase in dopamine may induce adverse effects such as behavioral sensitization and excessive locomotion. Damage to the blood-brain barrier can cause toxic or harmful substances to leak to the central nervous system, leading to neurotoxicity. The renin-angiotensin system is essential for the regulation of dopamine levels in the brain. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 causes reward effects and behavioral sensitization by inducing dopamine release. Prolactin has been shown to be involved in the regulation of tight junction proteins and the integrity of the blood-brain barrier. At present, the treatment of methamphetamine detoxification is still based on psychotherapy, and there is no specific medicine. With the rapid increase in global seizures of methamphetamine, the treatment of its toxicity has attracted more and more attention. This review intends to summarize the therapeutic mechanisms of renin-angiotensin inhibitors, matrix metalloproteinase-9 inhibitors and protein hormones (prolactin) on methamphetamine neurotoxicity. The repair effects of these three on methamphetamine may be related to the maintenance of brain dopamine balance and the integrity of the blood-brain barrier. This review is expected to provide the new therapeutic strategy of methamphetamine toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhao
- Department of Drug Control, Criminal Investigation Police University of China, Shenyang, 110854, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Ling Zhao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Drug Control, Criminal Investigation Police University of China, Shenyang, 110854, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Lian Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Garcia-Garrote M, Parga JA, Labandeira PJ, Labandeira-Garcia JL, Rodriguez-Pallares J. Dopamine regulates adult neurogenesis in the ventricular-subventricular zone via dopamine D3 angiotensin type 2 receptor interactions. Stem Cells 2021; 39:1778-1794. [PMID: 34521155 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Adult neurogenesis is a dynamic and highly regulated process and different studies suggest that dopamine modulates ventricular-subventricular zone (V-SVZ) neurogenesis. However, the specific role of dopamine and the mechanisms/factors underlying its effects on physiological and pathological conditions such as Parkinson's disease (PD) are not fully understood. Recent studies have described counter-regulatory interactions between renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and dopamine in peripheral tissues and in the nigrostriatal system. We have previously demonstrated that angiotensin receptors regulate proliferation and generation of neuroblasts in the rodent V-SVZ. However, possible interactions between dopamine receptors and RAS in the V-SVZ and their role in alterations of neurogenesis in animal models of PD have not been investigated. In V-SVZ cultures, activation of dopamine receptors induced changes in the expression of angiotensin receptors. Moreover, dopamine, via D2-like receptors and particularly D3 receptors, increased generation of neurospheres derived from the V-SVZ and this effect was mediated by angiotensin type-2 (AT2) receptors. In rats, we observed a marked reduction in proliferation and generation of neuroblasts in the V-SVZ of dopamine-depleted animals, and inhibition of AT1 receptors or activation of AT2 receptors restored proliferation and generation of neuroblasts to control levels. Moreover, intrastriatal mesencephalic grafts partially restored proliferation and generation of neuroblasts observed in the V-SVZ of dopamine-depleted rats. Our data revealed that dopamine and angiotensin receptor interactions play a major role in the regulation of V-SVZ and suggest potential beneficial effects of RAS modulators on the regulation of adult V-SVZ neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Garcia-Garrote
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology of Parkinson's Disease, Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), IDIS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan A Parga
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology of Parkinson's Disease, Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), IDIS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo J Labandeira
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology of Parkinson's Disease, Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), IDIS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Labandeira-Garcia
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology of Parkinson's Disease, Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), IDIS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jannette Rodriguez-Pallares
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology of Parkinson's Disease, Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), IDIS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
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18
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Rivas-Santisteban R, Lillo J, Muñoz A, Rodríguez-Pérez AI, Labandeira-García JL, Navarro G, Franco R. Novel Interactions Involving the Mas Receptor Show Potential of the Renin-Angiotensin system in the Regulation of Microglia Activation: Altered Expression in Parkinsonism and Dyskinesia. Neurotherapeutics 2021; 18:998-1016. [PMID: 33474655 PMCID: PMC7817140 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-020-00986-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) not only plays an important role in controlling blood pressure but also participates in almost every process to maintain homeostasis in mammals. Interest has recently increased because SARS viruses use one RAS component (ACE2) as a target-cell receptor. The occurrence of RAS in the basal ganglia suggests that the system may be targeted to improve the therapy of neurodegenerative diseases. RAS-related data led to the hypothesis that RAS receptors may interact with each other. The aim of this paper was to find heteromers formed by Mas and angiotensin receptors and to address their functionality in neurons and microglia. Novel interactions were discovered by using resonance energy transfer techniques. The functionality of individual and interacting receptors was assayed by measuring levels of the second messengers cAMP and Ca2+ in transfected human embryonic kidney cells (HEK-293T) and primary cultures of striatal cells. Receptor complex expression was assayed by in situ proximity ligation assay. Functionality and expression were assayed in parallel in primary cultures of microglia treated or not with lipopolysaccharide and interferon-γ (IFN-γ). The proximity ligation assay was used to assess heteromer expression in parkinsonian and dyskinetic conditions. Complexes formed by Mas and the angiotensin AT1 or AT2 receptors were identified in both a heterologous expression system and in neural primary cultures. In the heterologous system, we showed that the three receptors-MasR, AT1R, and AT2R-can interact to form heterotrimers. The expression of receptor dimers (AT1R-MasR or AT2R-MasR) was higher in microglia than in neurons and was differentially affected upon microglial activation with lipopolysaccharide and IFN-γ. In all cases, agonist-induced signaling was reduced upon coactivation, and in some cases just by coexpression. Also, the blockade of signaling of two receptors in a complex by the action of a given (selective) receptor antagonist (cross-antagonism) was often observed. Differential expression of the complexes was observed in the striatum under parkinsonian conditions and especially in animals rendered dyskinetic by levodopa treatment. The negative modulation of calcium mobilization (mediated by AT1R activation), the multiplicity of possibilities on RAS affecting the MAPK pathway, and the disbalanced expression of heteromers in dyskinesia yield new insight into the operation of the RAS system, how it becomes unbalanced, and how a disbalanced RAS can be rebalanced. Furthermore, RAS components in activated microglia warrant attention in drug-development approaches to address neurodegeneration.
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MESH Headings
- Angiotensin II/pharmacology
- Animals
- Corpus Striatum/drug effects
- Corpus Striatum/metabolism
- Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced/metabolism
- HEK293 Cells
- Humans
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Microglia/drug effects
- Microglia/metabolism
- Oxidopamine/toxicity
- Parkinsonian Disorders/chemically induced
- Parkinsonian Disorders/metabolism
- Proto-Oncogene Mas/agonists
- Proto-Oncogene Mas/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1/agonists
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1/metabolism
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2/agonists
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2/metabolism
- Renin-Angiotensin System/drug effects
- Renin-Angiotensin System/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Rivas-Santisteban
- Department Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, School of Biology, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 643, Barcelona, Catalonia, 08028, Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Red, Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIberNed), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Valderrebollo 5, Madrid, Madrid, 28031, Spain
| | - Jaume Lillo
- Department Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, School of Biology, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 643, Barcelona, Catalonia, 08028, Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Red, Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIberNed), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Valderrebollo 5, Madrid, Madrid, 28031, Spain
| | - Ana Muñoz
- Centro de Investigación en Red, Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIberNed), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Valderrebollo 5, Madrid, Madrid, 28031, Spain
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology of Parkinson's disease, Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Department of Morphological Sciences, IDIS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
| | - Ana I Rodríguez-Pérez
- Centro de Investigación en Red, Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIberNed), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Valderrebollo 5, Madrid, Madrid, 28031, Spain
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology of Parkinson's disease, Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Department of Morphological Sciences, IDIS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
| | - José Luís Labandeira-García
- Centro de Investigación en Red, Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIberNed), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Valderrebollo 5, Madrid, Madrid, 28031, Spain
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology of Parkinson's disease, Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Department of Morphological Sciences, IDIS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
| | - Gemma Navarro
- Centro de Investigación en Red, Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIberNed), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Valderrebollo 5, Madrid, Madrid, 28031, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, 08028, Spain
| | - Rafael Franco
- Department Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, School of Biology, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 643, Barcelona, Catalonia, 08028, Spain.
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19
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Casanovas M, Reyes-Resina I, Lillo A, Lillo J, López-Arnau R, Camarasa J, Escubedo E, Navarro G, Franco R. Methamphetamine Blocks Adenosine A 2A Receptor Activation via Sigma 1 and Cannabinoid CB 1 Receptors. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2743. [PMID: 33803075 PMCID: PMC7963146 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Methamphetamine is, worldwide, one of the most consumed drugs of abuse. One important side effect is neurodegeneration leading to a decrease in life expectancy. The aim of this paper was to check whether the drug affects one of the receptors involved in neurodegeneration/neuroprotection events, namely the adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR). First, we noticed that methamphetamine does not affect A2A functionality if the receptor is expressed in a heterologous system. However, A2AR becomes sensitive to the drug upon complexes formation with the cannabinoid CB1 receptor (CB1R) and the sigma 1 receptor (σ1R). Signaling via both adenosine A2AR and cannabinoid CB1R was affected by methamphetamine in cells co-expressing the two receptors. In striatal primary cultures, the A2AR-CB1R heteromer complex was detected and methamphetamine not only altered its expression but completely blocked the A2AR- and the CB1R-mediated activation of the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. In conclusion, methamphetamine, with the participation of σ1R, alters the expression and function of two interacting receptors, A2AR, which is a therapeutic target for neuroprotection, and CB1R, which is the most abundant G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireia Casanovas
- Biology School, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (M.C.); (I.R.-R.); (J.L.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CiberNed), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Reyes-Resina
- Biology School, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (M.C.); (I.R.-R.); (J.L.)
| | - Alejandro Lillo
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Jaume Lillo
- Biology School, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (M.C.); (I.R.-R.); (J.L.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CiberNed), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Raul López-Arnau
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (R.L.-A.); (J.C.); (E.E.)
| | - Jorge Camarasa
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (R.L.-A.); (J.C.); (E.E.)
| | - Elena Escubedo
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (R.L.-A.); (J.C.); (E.E.)
| | - Gemma Navarro
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CiberNed), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28031 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Rafael Franco
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CiberNed), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28031 Madrid, Spain
- Chemistry School, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Rukavina Mikusic NL, Silva MG, Mazzitelli LR, Santos RAS, Gómez KA, Grecco HE, Gironacci MM. Interaction Between the Angiotensin-(1-7) Mas Receptor and the Dopamine D2 Receptor: Implications in Inflammation. Hypertension 2021; 77:1659-1669. [PMID: 33677980 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.16614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia L Rukavina Mikusic
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Dpto. Química Biológica, IQUIFIB (UBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina (N.L.R.M., M.G.S., L.R.M., M.M.G.)
| | - Mauro G Silva
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Dpto. Química Biológica, IQUIFIB (UBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina (N.L.R.M., M.G.S., L.R.M., M.M.G.)
| | - Luciana R Mazzitelli
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Dpto. Química Biológica, IQUIFIB (UBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina (N.L.R.M., M.G.S., L.R.M., M.M.G.)
| | - Robson A S Santos
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil (R.A.S.S.)
| | - Karina A Gómez
- Laboratorio de Inmunología de las Infecciones por Tripanosomátidos, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular (INGEBI-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina (K.A.G.)
| | - Hernán E Grecco
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Dpto. Física and Instituto de Física de Buenos Aires (IFIBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina (H.E.G.)
| | - Mariela M Gironacci
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Dpto. Química Biológica, IQUIFIB (UBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina (N.L.R.M., M.G.S., L.R.M., M.M.G.)
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Receptors | Angiotensin Receptors. ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY III 2021. [PMCID: PMC8326513 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-819460-7.00096-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAS) is a vital hormone-receptor system that regulates cardiovascular and renal functions. In this article, we discuss exciting new findings in the RAS field. Recently solved active state crystal structures of Angiotensin II type 1 (AT1R) and type 2 receptor (AT2R) helped in understanding receptor activation mechanisms in detail. Also, considerable attention is given to the developments in characterizing the counter-regulatory RAS axis due to current hope for harnessing this axis for the development of protective therapies against various cardiovascular diseases. We describe the RAS component, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) functioning as cellular entry receptor for the causative agent of COVID-19 pandemic, SARS-CoV-2. Altogether, these discoveries paved the way for developing novel therapies targeting different components of the RAS in the future.
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Functional Complexes of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 and Renin-Angiotensin System Receptors: Expression in Adult but Not Fetal Lung Tissue. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249602. [PMID: 33339432 PMCID: PMC7766085 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is a membrane peptidase and a component of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) that has been found in cells of all organs, including the lungs. While ACE2 has been identified as the receptor for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronaviruses, the mechanism underlying cell entry remains unknown. Human immunodeficiency virus infects target cells via CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4)-mediated endocytosis. Furthermore, CXCR4 interacts with dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (CD26/DPPIV), an enzyme that cleaves CXCL12/SDF-1, which is the chemokine that activates this receptor. By analogy, we hypothesized that ACE2 might also be capable of interactions with RAS-associated G-protein coupled receptors. Using resonance energy transfer and cAMP and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling assays, we found that human ACE2 interacts with RAS-related receptors, namely the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R), the angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R), and the MAS1 oncogene receptor (MasR). Although these interactions lead to minor alterations of signal transduction, ligand binding to AT1R and AT2R, but not to MasR, resulted in the upregulation of ACE2 cell surface expression. Proximity ligation assays performed in situ revealed macromolecular complexes containing ACE2 and AT1R, AT2R or MasR in adult but not fetal mouse lung tissue. These findings highlight the relevance of RAS in SARS-CoV-2 infection and the role of ACE2-containing complexes as potential therapeutic targets.
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Gerbier R, Ndiaye-Lobry D, Martinez de Morentin PB, Cecon E, Heisler LK, Delagrange P, Gbahou F, Jockers R. Pharmacological evidence for transactivation within melatonin MT 2 and serotonin 5-HT 2C receptor heteromers in mouse brain. FASEB J 2020; 35:e21161. [PMID: 33156577 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000305r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Association of G protein-coupled receptors into heterodimeric complexes has been reported for over 50 receptor pairs in vitro but functional in vivo validation remains a challenge. Our recent in vitro studies defined the functional fingerprint of heteromers composed of Gi -coupled melatonin MT2 receptors and Gq -coupled serotonin 5-HT2C receptors, in which melatonin transactivates phospholipase C (PLC) through 5-HT2C . Here, we identified this functional fingerprint in the mouse brain. Gq protein activation was probed by [35 S]GTPγS incorporation followed by Gq immunoprecipitation, and PLC activation by determining the inositol phosphate levels in brain lysates of animals previously treated with melatonin. Melatonin concentration-dependently activated Gq proteins and PLC in the hypothalamus and cerebellum but not in cortex. These effects were inhibited by the 5-HT2C receptor-specific inverse agonist SB-243213, and were absent in MT2 and 5-HT2C knockout mice, fully recapitulating previous in vitro data and indicating the involvement of MT2 /5-HT2C heteromers. The antidepressant agomelatine had a similar effect than melatonin when applied alone but blocked the melatonin-promoted Gq activation due to its 5-HT2C antagonistic component. Collectively, we provide strong functional evidence for the existence of MT2 /5-HT2C heteromeric complexes in mouse brain. These heteromers might participate in the in vivo effects of agomelatine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Gerbier
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Erika Cecon
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Florence Gbahou
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Ralf Jockers
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France
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Labandeira-Garcia JL, Valenzuela R, Costa-Besada MA, Villar-Cheda B, Rodriguez-Perez AI. The intracellular renin-angiotensin system: Friend or foe. Some light from the dopaminergic neurons. Prog Neurobiol 2020; 199:101919. [PMID: 33039415 PMCID: PMC7543790 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2020.101919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is one of the oldest hormone systems in vertebrate phylogeny. RAS was initially related to regulation of blood pressure and sodium and water homeostasis. However, local or paracrine RAS were later identified in many tissues, including brain, and play a major role in their physiology and pathophysiology. In addition, a major component, ACE2, is the entry receptor for SARS-CoV-2. Overactivation of tissue RAS leads several oxidative stress and inflammatory processes involved in aging-related degenerative changes. In addition, a third level of RAS, the intracellular or intracrine RAS (iRAS), with still unclear functions, has been observed. The possible interaction between the intracellular and extracellular RAS, and particularly the possible deleterious or beneficial effects of the iRAS activation are controversial. The dopaminergic system is particularly interesting to investigate the RAS as important functional interactions between dopamine and RAS have been observed in the brain and several peripheral tissues. Our recent observations in mitochondria and nucleus of dopaminergic neurons may clarify the role of the iRAS. This may be important for the developing of new therapeutic strategies, since the effects on both extracellular and intracellular RAS must be taken into account, and perhaps better understanding of COVID-19 cell mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose L Labandeira-Garcia
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology of Parkinson's Disease, Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Health Research Institute (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CiberNed), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Rita Valenzuela
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology of Parkinson's Disease, Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Health Research Institute (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CiberNed), Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria A Costa-Besada
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology of Parkinson's Disease, Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Health Research Institute (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CiberNed), Madrid, Spain
| | - Begoña Villar-Cheda
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology of Parkinson's Disease, Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Health Research Institute (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CiberNed), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana I Rodriguez-Perez
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology of Parkinson's Disease, Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Health Research Institute (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CiberNed), Madrid, Spain
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25
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Chen R, Ferris MJ, Wang S. Dopamine D2 autoreceptor interactome: Targeting the receptor complex as a strategy for treatment of substance use disorder. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 213:107583. [PMID: 32473160 PMCID: PMC7434700 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Dopamine D2 autoreceptors (D2ARs), located in somatodendritic and axon terminal compartments of dopamine (DA) neurons, function to provide a negative feedback regulatory control on DA neuron firing, DA synthesis, reuptake and release. Dysregulation of D2AR-mediated DA signaling is implicated in vulnerability to substance use disorder (SUD). Due to the extreme low abundance of D2ARs compared to postsynaptic D2 receptors (D2PRs) and the lack of experimental tools to differentiate the signaling of D2ARs from D2PRs, the regulation of D2ARs by drugs of abuse is poorly understood. The recent availability of conditional D2AR knockout mice and newly developed virus-mediated gene delivery approaches have provided means to specifically study the function of D2ARs at the molecular, cellular and behavioral levels. There is a growing revelation of novel mechanisms and new proteins that mediate D2AR activity, suggesting that D2ARs act cooperatively with an array of membrane and intracellular proteins to tightly control DA transmission. This review highlights D2AR-interacting partners including transporters, G-protein-coupled receptors, ion channels, intracellular signaling modulators, and protein kinases. The complexity of the D2AR interaction network illustrates the functional divergence of D2ARs. Pharmacological targeting of multiple D2AR-interacting partners may be more effective to restore disrupted DA homeostasis by drugs of abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Chen
- Dept. of Physiology & Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC 27157, United States of America; Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction Treatment, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC 27157, United States of America.
| | - Mark J Ferris
- Dept. of Physiology & Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC 27157, United States of America; Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction Treatment, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC 27157, United States of America
| | - Shiyu Wang
- Dept. of Physiology & Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC 27157, United States of America
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Rukavina Mikusic NL, Silva MG, Pineda AM, Gironacci MM. Angiotensin Receptors Heterodimerization and Trafficking: How Much Do They Influence Their Biological Function? Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1179. [PMID: 32848782 PMCID: PMC7417933 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
G-protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) are targets for around one third of currently approved and clinical prescribed drugs and represent the largest and most structurally diverse family of transmembrane signaling proteins, with almost 1000 members identified in the human genome. Upon agonist stimulation, GPCRs are internalized and trafficked inside the cell: they may be targeted to different organelles, recycled back to the plasma membrane or be degraded. Once inside the cell, the receptors may initiate other signaling pathways leading to different biological responses. GPCRs’ biological function may also be influenced by interaction with other receptors. Thus, the ultimate cellular response may depend not only on the activation of the receptor from the cell membrane, but also from receptor trafficking and/or the interaction with other receptors. This review is focused on angiotensin receptors and how their biological function is influenced by trafficking and interaction with others receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia L Rukavina Mikusic
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Dpto. Química Biológica, IQUIFIB (UBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mauro G Silva
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Dpto. Química Biológica, IQUIFIB (UBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Angélica M Pineda
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Dpto. Química Biológica, IQUIFIB (UBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariela M Gironacci
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Dpto. Química Biológica, IQUIFIB (UBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Franco R, Rivas-Santisteban R, Serrano-Marín J, Rodríguez-Pérez AI, Labandeira-García JL, Navarro G. SARS-CoV-2 as a Factor to Disbalance the Renin–Angiotensin System: A Suspect in the Case of Exacerbated IL-6 Production. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 205:1198-1206. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Lillo A, Martínez-Pinilla E, Reyes-Resina I, Navarro G, Franco R. Adenosine A 2A and A 3 Receptors Are Able to Interact with Each Other. A Further Piece in the Puzzle of Adenosine Receptor-Mediated Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21145070. [PMID: 32709103 PMCID: PMC7404137 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21145070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this paper was to check the possible interaction of two of the four purinergic P1 receptors, the A2A and the A3. Discovery of the A2A-A3 receptor complex was achieved by means of immunocytochemistry and of bioluminescence resonance energy transfer. The functional properties and heteromer print identification were addressed by combining binding and signaling assays. The physiological role of the novel heteromer is to provide a differential signaling depending on the pre-coupling to signal transduction components and/or on the concentration of the endogenous agonist. The main feature was that the heteromeric context led to a marked decrease of the signaling originating at A3 receptors. Interestingly from a therapeutic point of view, A2A receptor antagonists overrode the blockade, thus allowing A3 receptor-mediated signaling. The A2A-A3 receptor heteromer print was detected in primary cortical neurons. These and previous results suggest that all four adenosine receptors may interact with each other. Therefore, each adenosine receptor could form heteromers with distinct properties, expanding the signaling outputs derived from the binding of adenosine to its cognate receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Lillo
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (A.L.); (I.R.-R.); (G.N.)
| | - Eva Martínez-Pinilla
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Asturias, Spain;
- Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA), 33006 Asturias, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33006 Asturias, Spain
| | - Irene Reyes-Resina
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (A.L.); (I.R.-R.); (G.N.)
| | - Gemma Navarro
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (A.L.); (I.R.-R.); (G.N.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Franco
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- School of Chemistry, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +34-934021208
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Nozu T, Miyagishi S, Nozu R, Takakusaki K, Okumura T. Losartan improves visceral sensation and gut barrier in a rat model of irritable bowel syndrome. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2020; 32:e13819. [PMID: 32056324 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.13819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or repeated water avoidance stress (WAS) induces visceral allodynia and colonic hyperpermeability via corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and proinflammatory cytokines, which is considered to be a rat irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) model. As losartan is known to inhibit proinflammatory cytokine release, we hypothesized that it improves these visceral changes. METHODS The threshold of visceromotor response (VMR), that is, abdominal muscle contractions induced by colonic balloon distention was electrophysiologically measured in rats. Colonic permeability was determined in vivo by quantifying the absorbed Evans blue in colonic tissue for 15 minutes spectrophotometrically. KEY RESULTS Lipopolysaccharide (1 mg kg-1 ) subcutaneously (s.c.) reduced the threshold of VMR and increased colonic permeability. Losartan (5-25 mg kg-1 s.c.) for 3 days inhibited these changes in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, repeated WAS (1 hour daily for 3 days) or intraperitoneal injection of CRF (50 µg kg-1 ) induced the similar visceral changes as LPS, which were also eliminated by losartan. These effects by losartan in LPS model were reversed by GW9662 (a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ [PPAR-γ] antagonist), NG -nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (a nitric oxide [NO] synthesis inhibitor), or naloxone (an opioid receptor antagonist). Moreover, it also inhibited by sulpiride (a dopamine D2 receptor antagonist) or domperidone (a peripheral dopamine D2 antagonist). CONCLUSION & INFERENCES Losartan prevented visceral allodynia and colonic hyperpermeability in rat IBS models. These actions may be PPAR-γ-dependent and also mediated by the NO, opioid, and dopamine D2 pathways. Losartan may be useful for IBS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsukasa Nozu
- Department of Regional Medicine and Education, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan.,Center for Medical Education, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Saori Miyagishi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Rintaro Nozu
- Department of Regional Medicine and Education, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Kaoru Takakusaki
- Research Center for Brain Function and Medical Engineering, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Toshikatsu Okumura
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan.,Department of General Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
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Navarro G, Varani K, Lillo A, Vincenzi F, Rivas-Santisteban R, Raïch I, Reyes-Resina I, Ferreiro-Vera C, Borea PA, Sánchez de Medina V, Nadal X, Franco R. Pharmacological data of cannabidiol- and cannabigerol-type phytocannabinoids acting on cannabinoid CB 1, CB 2 and CB 1/CB 2 heteromer receptors. Pharmacol Res 2020; 159:104940. [PMID: 32470563 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent approved medicines whose active principles are Δ9Tetrahidrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) and/or cannabidiol (CBD) open novel perspectives for other phytocannabinoids also present in Cannabis sativa L. varieties. Furthermore, solid data on the potential benefits of acidic and varinic phytocannabinoids in a variety of diseases are already available. Mode of action of cannabigerol (CBG), cannabidiolic acid (CBDA), cannabigerolic acid (CBGA), cannabidivarin (CBDV) and cannabigerivarin (CBGV) is, to the very least, partial. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE Cannabinoid CB1 or CB2 receptors, which belong to the G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family, are important mediators of the action of those cannabinoids. Pure CBG, CBDA, CBGA, CBDV and CBGV from Cannabis sativa L. are differentially acting on CB1 or CB2 cannabinoid receptors. STUDY DESIGN Determination of the affinity of phytocannabinoids for cannabinoid receptors and functional assessment of effects promoted by these compounds when interacting with cannabinoid receptors. METHODS A heterologous system expressing the human versions of CB1 and/or CB2 receptors was used. Binding to membranes was measured using radioligands and binding to living cells using a homogenous time resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer (HTRF) assay. Four different functional outputs were assayed: determination of cAMP levels and of extracellular-signal-related-kinase phosphorylation, label-free dynamic mass redistribution (DMR) and ß-arrestin recruitment. RESULTS Affinity of cannabinoids depend on the ligand of reference and may be different in membranes and in living cells. All tested phytocannabinoids have agonist-like behavior but behaved as inverse-agonists in the presence of selective receptor agonists. CBGV displayed enhanced potency in many of the functional outputs. However, the most interesting result was a biased signaling that correlated with differential affinity, i.e. the overall results suggest that the binding mode of each ligand leads to specific receptor conformations underlying biased signaling outputs. CONCLUSION Results here reported and the recent elucidation of the three-dimensional structure of CB1 and CB2 receptors help understanding the mechanism of action that might be protective and the molecular drug-receptor interactions underlying biased signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Navarro
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology. School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CiberNed), Spain
| | - Katia Varani
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Ferrara University, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alejandro Lillo
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology. School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine. Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fabrizio Vincenzi
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Ferrara University, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Rafael Rivas-Santisteban
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CiberNed), Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine. Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Iu Raïch
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CiberNed), Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine. Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irene Reyes-Resina
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CiberNed), Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine. Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Rafael Franco
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CiberNed), Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine. Universitat de Barcelona, Spain.
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Adenosine A 2A Receptor Antagonists Affects NMDA Glutamate Receptor Function. Potential to Address Neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's Disease. Cells 2020; 9:cells9051075. [PMID: 32357548 PMCID: PMC7290564 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background. N-methyl d-aspartate (NMDA) ionotropic glutamate receptor (NMDAR), which is one of the main targets to combat Alzheimer’s disease (AD), is expressed in both neurons and glial cells. The aim of this paper was to assess whether the adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR), which is a target in neurodegeneration, may affect NMDAR functionality. (2) Methods. Immuno-histo/cytochemical, biophysical, biochemical and signaling assays were performed in a heterologous cell expression system and in primary cultures of neurons and microglia (resting and activated) from control and the APPSw,Ind transgenic mice. (3) Results. On the one hand, NMDA and A2A receptors were able to physically interact forming complexes, mainly in microglia. Furthermore, the amount of complexes was markedly enhanced in activated microglia. On the other hand, the interaction resulted in a novel functional entity that displayed a cross-antagonism, that could be useful to prevent the exacerbation of NMDAR function by using A2AR antagonists. Interestingly, the amount of complexes was markedly higher in the hippocampal cells from the APPSw,Ind than from the control mice. In neurons, the number of complexes was lesser, probably due to NMDAR not interacting with the A2AR. However, the activation of the A2AR receptors resulted in higher NMDAR functionality in neurons, probably by indirect mechanisms. (4) Conclusions. A2AR antagonists such as istradefylline, which is already approved for Parkinson’s disease (Nouriast® in Japan and Nourianz® in the US), have potential to afford neuroprotection in AD in a synergistic-like fashion. i.e., via both neurons and microglia.
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Xia QP, Cheng ZY, He L. The modulatory role of dopamine receptors in brain neuroinflammation. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 76:105908. [PMID: 31622861 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is a general pathological feature of central nervous system (CNS) diseases, primarily caused by activation of astrocytes and microglia, as well as the infiltration of peripheral immune cells. Inhibition of neuroinflammation is an important strategy in the treatment of brain disorders. Dopamine (DA) receptor, a significant G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), is classified into two families: D1-like (D1 and D5) and D2-like (D2, D3 and D4) receptor families, according to their downstream signaling pathways. Traditionally, DA receptor forms a wide variety of psychological activities and motor functions, such as voluntary movement, working memory and learning. Recently, the role of DA receptor in neuroinflammation has been investigated widely, mainly focusing on nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, renin-angiotensin system, αB-crystallin, as well as invading peripheral immune cells, including T cells, dendritic cells, macrophages and monocytes. This review briefly outlined the functions and signaling pathways of DA receptor subtypes as well as its role in inflammation-related glial cells, and subsequently summarized the mechanisms of DA receptors affecting neuroinflammation. Meaningfully, this article provided a theoretical basis for drug development targeting DA receptors in inflammation-related brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Peng Xia
- Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhao-Yan Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ling He
- Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Wouters E, Marín AR, Dalton JAR, Giraldo J, Stove C. Distinct Dopamine D₂ Receptor Antagonists Differentially Impact D₂ Receptor Oligomerization. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20071686. [PMID: 30987329 PMCID: PMC6480712 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dopamine D2 receptors (D2R) are known to form transient homodimer complexes, of which the increased formation has already been associated with development of schizophrenia. Pharmacological targeting and modulation of the equilibrium of these receptor homodimers might lead to a better understanding of the critical role played by these complexes in physiological and pathological conditions. Whereas agonist addition has shown to prolong the D2R dimer lifetime and increase the level of dimer formation, the possible influence of D2R antagonists on dimerization has remained rather unexplored. Here, using a live-cell reporter assay based on the functional complementation of a split Nanoluciferase, a panel of six D2R antagonists were screened for their ability to modulate the level of D2LR dimer formation. Incubation with the D2R antagonist spiperone decreased the level of D2LR dimer formation significantly by 40–60% in real-time and after long-term (≥16 h) incubations. The fact that dimer formation of the well-studied A2a–D2LR dimer was not altered following incubation with spiperone supports the specificity of this observation. Other D2R antagonists, such as clozapine, risperidone, and droperidol did not significantly evoke this dissociation event. Furthermore, molecular modeling reveals that spiperone presents specific Tyr1995.48 and Phe3906.52 conformations, compared to clozapine, which may determine D2R homodimerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Wouters
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Adrián Ricarte Marín
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology and Bioinformatics, Unitat de Bioestadística, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
- Unitat de Neurociència Traslacional, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
| | - James Andrew Rupert Dalton
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology and Bioinformatics, Unitat de Bioestadística, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
- Unitat de Neurociència Traslacional, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
| | - Jesús Giraldo
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology and Bioinformatics, Unitat de Bioestadística, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
- Unitat de Neurociència Traslacional, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
| | - Christophe Stove
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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Xu X, Pan J, Li X, Cui Y, Mao Z, Wu B, Xu H, Zhou W, Liu Y. Inhibition of Methamphetamine Self-Administration and Reinstatement by Central Blockade of Angiotensin II Receptor in Rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2019; 369:244-258. [PMID: 30867225 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.118.255729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular mechanism and treatment of methamphetamine (METH) use disorder remain unclear. The current study aimed to investigate the role of central angiotensin II receptor (ATR) in drug taking and seeking behavior associated with METH use disorder. The effect of an ATR type 1 (AT1R) antagonist, candesartan cilexetil, on the reinforcing and motivational effects of METH was first assessed using the animal model of METH self-administration (SA) and reinstatement. The levels of dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) and AT1R were subsequently examined. Furthermore, the present study determined the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) by comparing METH SA, METH-yoked, and Saline-yoked groups. The target miRNAs were further overexpressed in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) via a lentivirus vector to investigate the effects of target miRNAs on METH SA maintained under a fixed ratio 1, progressive ratio, and cue/drug reinstatement of METH SA. The potential role of the AT1R-PLCβ-CREB signaling pathway was finally investigated. The results suggest that AT1R blockade effectively reduced METH SA and reinstatement, in conjunction with the counter-regulation of D2R and AT1R. A total of 17 miRNAs targeting Ang II in NAc were found to be associated with the voluntary intake of METH. Furthermore, overexpression of specific miR-219a-5p targeting AT1R-regulated METH SA and reinstatement. The AT1R-PLCβ-CREB signaling pathway was found to be associated with the effect of AT1R on the drug-taking and drug-seeking behavior involving METH use disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Xu
- Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China (X.X., J.P., Z.M., B.W., W.Z., Y.L.); Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China (X.L.); Ningbo Public Security Bureau Ningbo Anti-drug Office, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China (Y.C., H.X.); and Ningbo Addiction Research and Treatment Center, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China (W.Z.)
| | - Jian Pan
- Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China (X.X., J.P., Z.M., B.W., W.Z., Y.L.); Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China (X.L.); Ningbo Public Security Bureau Ningbo Anti-drug Office, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China (Y.C., H.X.); and Ningbo Addiction Research and Treatment Center, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China (W.Z.)
| | - Xingxing Li
- Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China (X.X., J.P., Z.M., B.W., W.Z., Y.L.); Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China (X.L.); Ningbo Public Security Bureau Ningbo Anti-drug Office, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China (Y.C., H.X.); and Ningbo Addiction Research and Treatment Center, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China (W.Z.)
| | - Yan Cui
- Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China (X.X., J.P., Z.M., B.W., W.Z., Y.L.); Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China (X.L.); Ningbo Public Security Bureau Ningbo Anti-drug Office, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China (Y.C., H.X.); and Ningbo Addiction Research and Treatment Center, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China (W.Z.)
| | - Zijuan Mao
- Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China (X.X., J.P., Z.M., B.W., W.Z., Y.L.); Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China (X.L.); Ningbo Public Security Bureau Ningbo Anti-drug Office, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China (Y.C., H.X.); and Ningbo Addiction Research and Treatment Center, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China (W.Z.)
| | - Boliang Wu
- Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China (X.X., J.P., Z.M., B.W., W.Z., Y.L.); Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China (X.L.); Ningbo Public Security Bureau Ningbo Anti-drug Office, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China (Y.C., H.X.); and Ningbo Addiction Research and Treatment Center, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China (W.Z.)
| | - Huachong Xu
- Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China (X.X., J.P., Z.M., B.W., W.Z., Y.L.); Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China (X.L.); Ningbo Public Security Bureau Ningbo Anti-drug Office, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China (Y.C., H.X.); and Ningbo Addiction Research and Treatment Center, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China (W.Z.)
| | - Wenhua Zhou
- Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China (X.X., J.P., Z.M., B.W., W.Z., Y.L.); Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China (X.L.); Ningbo Public Security Bureau Ningbo Anti-drug Office, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China (Y.C., H.X.); and Ningbo Addiction Research and Treatment Center, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China (W.Z.)
| | - Yu Liu
- Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China (X.X., J.P., Z.M., B.W., W.Z., Y.L.); Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China (X.L.); Ningbo Public Security Bureau Ningbo Anti-drug Office, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China (Y.C., H.X.); and Ningbo Addiction Research and Treatment Center, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China (W.Z.)
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Albee LJ, LaPorte HM, Gao X, Eby JM, Cheng YH, Nevins AM, Volkman BF, Gaponenko V, Majetschak M. Identification and functional characterization of arginine vasopressin receptor 1A : atypical chemokine receptor 3 heteromers in vascular smooth muscle. Open Biol 2019; 8:rsob.170207. [PMID: 29386406 PMCID: PMC5795052 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.170207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent observations suggest that atypical chemokine receptor (ACKR)3 and chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor (CXCR)4 regulate human vascular smooth muscle function through hetero-oligomerization with α1-adrenoceptors. Here, we show that ACKR3 also regulates arginine vasopressin receptor (AVPR)1A. We observed that ACKR3 agonists inhibit arginine vasopressin (aVP)-induced inositol trisphosphate (IP3) production in human vascular smooth muscle cells (hVSMCs) and antagonize aVP-mediated constriction of isolated arteries. Proximity ligation assays, co-immunoprecipitation and bioluminescence resonance energy transfer experiments suggested that recombinant and endogenous ACKR3 and AVPR1A interact on the cell surface. Interference with ACKR3 : AVPR1A heteromerization using siRNA and peptide analogues of transmembrane domains of ACKR3 abolished aVP-induced IP3 production. aVP stimulation resulted in β-arrestin 2 recruitment to AVPR1A and ACKR3. While ACKR3 activation failed to cross-recruit β-arrestin 2 to AVPR1A, the presence of ACKR3 reduced the efficacy of aVP-induced β-arrestin 2 recruitment to AVPR1A. AVPR1A and ACKR3 co-internalized upon agonist stimulation in hVSMC. These data suggest that AVPR1A : ACKR3 heteromers are constitutively expressed in hVSMC, provide insights into molecular events at the heteromeric receptor complex, and offer a mechanistic basis for interactions between the innate immune and vasoactive neurohormonal systems. Our findings suggest that ACKR3 is a regulator of vascular smooth muscle function and a possible drug target in diseases associated with impaired vascular reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren J Albee
- Burn and Shock Trauma Research Institute, Department of Surgery, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, 2160 S. 1st Avenue, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Heather M LaPorte
- Burn and Shock Trauma Research Institute, Department of Surgery, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, 2160 S. 1st Avenue, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Xianlong Gao
- Burn and Shock Trauma Research Institute, Department of Surgery, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, 2160 S. 1st Avenue, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Jonathan M Eby
- Burn and Shock Trauma Research Institute, Department of Surgery, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, 2160 S. 1st Avenue, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - You-Hong Cheng
- Burn and Shock Trauma Research Institute, Department of Surgery, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, 2160 S. 1st Avenue, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Amanda M Nevins
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Brian F Volkman
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Vadim Gaponenko
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Matthias Majetschak
- Burn and Shock Trauma Research Institute, Department of Surgery, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, 2160 S. 1st Avenue, Maywood, IL 60153, USA .,Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, 2160 S. 1st Avenue, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
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Abstract
Initially G protein-coupled receptors, GPCRs, were thought to act as monomers, but recently strong evidence has been gathered indicating that they are capable of forming homo- and heterodimers or higher order oligomeric complexes, and that the dimerization phenomenon can modulate the pharmacological response and function of these receptors. In this chapter we point to the great potential of alternative therapeutic approach targeted at GPCR dimers, which is especially important in the field of neuropsychopharmacology. We also included a brief description of methods used for studying the phenomenon of GPCR oligomerization, with particular attention paid to the proximity ligation assay, PLA, the procedure which allows the study of interactions between receptors not only in vitro but also in vivo, with good anatomical resolution, what is especially important in the studies of various GPCRs involved in central neurotransmission.
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Durdagi S, Erol I, Salmas RE, Aksoydan B, Kantarcioglu I. Oligomerization and cooperativity in GPCRs from the perspective of the angiotensin AT1 and dopamine D2 receptors. Neurosci Lett 2018; 700:30-37. [PMID: 29684528 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2018.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
G Protein-Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) can form homo- and heterodimers or constitute higher oligomeric clusters with other heptahelical GPCRs. In this article, multiscale molecular modeling approaches as well as experimental techniques which are used to study oligomerization of GPCRs are reviewed. In particular, the effect of dimerization/oligomerization to the ligand binding affinity of individual protomers and also on the efficacy of the oligomer are discussed by including diverse examples from the literature. In addition, possible allosteric effects that may emerge upon interaction of GPCRs with membrane components, like cholesterol, is also discussed. Investigation of these above-mentioned interactions may greatly contribute to the candidate molecule screening studies and development of novel therapeutics with fewer adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serdar Durdagi
- Computational Biology and Molecular Simulations Laboratory, Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Bahcesehir University (BAU), Istanbul, Turkey; Neuroscience Program, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Ismail Erol
- Computational Biology and Molecular Simulations Laboratory, Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Bahcesehir University (BAU), Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Ramin Ekhteiari Salmas
- Computational Biology and Molecular Simulations Laboratory, Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Bahcesehir University (BAU), Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Busecan Aksoydan
- Computational Biology and Molecular Simulations Laboratory, Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Bahcesehir University (BAU), Istanbul, Turkey; Neuroscience Program, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Isik Kantarcioglu
- Computational Biology and Molecular Simulations Laboratory, Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Bahcesehir University (BAU), Istanbul, Turkey; Bioengineering Program, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Jiang L, Zhu R, Bu Q, Li Y, Shao X, Gu H, Kong J, Luo L, Long H, Guo W, Tian J, Zhao Y, Cen X. Brain Renin-Angiotensin System Blockade Attenuates Methamphetamine-Induced Hyperlocomotion and Neurotoxicity. Neurotherapeutics 2018; 15:500-510. [PMID: 29464572 PMCID: PMC5935642 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-018-0613-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Methamphetamine (METH) abuse has become a major public health concern worldwide without approved pharmacotherapies. The brain renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is involved in the regulation of neuronal function as well as neurological disorders. Angiotensin II (Ang II), which interacts with Ang II type 1 receptor (AT1-R) in the brain, plays an important role as a neuromodulator in dopaminergic transmission. However, the role of brain RAS in METH-induced behavior is largely unknown. Here, we revealed that repeated METH administration significantly upregulated the expression of AT1-R in the striatum of mice, but downregulated dopamine D3 receptor (D3R) expression. A specific AT1-R blocker telmisartan, which can penetrate the brain-blood barrier (BBB), or genetic deletion of AT1-R was sufficient to attenuate METH-triggered hyperlocomotion in mice. However, intraperitoneal injection of AT1-R blocker losartan, which cannot penetrate BBB, failed to attenuate METH-induced behavior. Moreover, intra-striatum re-expression of AT1 with lentiviral virus expressing AT1 reversed the weakened locomotor activity of AT1-/- mice treated with METH. Losartan alleviated METH-induced cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells in vitro, which was accompanied by upregulated expressions of D3R and dopamine transporter. In addition, intraperitoneal injection of perindopril, which is a specific ACE inhibitor and can penetrate BBB, significantly attenuated METH-induced hyperlocomotor activity. Collectively, our results show that blockade of brain RAS attenuates METH-induced hyperlocomotion and neurotoxicity possibly through modulation of D3R expression. Our findings reveal a novel role of Ang II-AT1-R in METH-induced hyperlocomotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linhong Jiang
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, #1 Keyuan Road 4, Gaopeng Street, High-tech Development Zone, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ruiming Zhu
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, #1 Keyuan Road 4, Gaopeng Street, High-tech Development Zone, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Qian Bu
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, #1 Keyuan Road 4, Gaopeng Street, High-tech Development Zone, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Light Industry, Textile and Food Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Yan Li
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, #1 Keyuan Road 4, Gaopeng Street, High-tech Development Zone, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xue Shao
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, #1 Keyuan Road 4, Gaopeng Street, High-tech Development Zone, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hui Gu
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, #1 Keyuan Road 4, Gaopeng Street, High-tech Development Zone, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jueying Kong
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, #1 Keyuan Road 4, Gaopeng Street, High-tech Development Zone, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Li Luo
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, #1 Keyuan Road 4, Gaopeng Street, High-tech Development Zone, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hailei Long
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, #1 Keyuan Road 4, Gaopeng Street, High-tech Development Zone, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Wei Guo
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, #1 Keyuan Road 4, Gaopeng Street, High-tech Development Zone, Chengdu, 610041, China
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, 264003, China
- State Key Laboratory of Long-Acting and Targeting Drug Delivery Technologies, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Jingwei Tian
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, 264003, China
- State Key Laboratory of Long-Acting and Targeting Drug Delivery Technologies, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Yinglan Zhao
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, #1 Keyuan Road 4, Gaopeng Street, High-tech Development Zone, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiaobo Cen
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, #1 Keyuan Road 4, Gaopeng Street, High-tech Development Zone, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Gao X, Albee LJ, Volkman BF, Gaponenko V, Majetschak M. Asymmetrical ligand-induced cross-regulation of chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4 by α 1-adrenergic receptors at the heteromeric receptor complex. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2730. [PMID: 29426850 PMCID: PMC5807542 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21096-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, we reported that chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor (CXCR)4 and atypical chemokine receptor 3 regulate α1-adrenergic receptors (α1-AR) through the formation of hetero-oligomeric complexes. Whether α1-ARs also regulate chemokine receptor function within such heteromeric receptor complexes is unknown. We observed that activation of α1b-AR within the α1b-AR:CXCR4 heteromeric complex leads to cross-recruitment of β-arrestin2 to CXCR4, which could not be inhibited with AMD3100. Activation of CXCR4 did not cross-recruit β-arrestin2 to α1b-AR. A peptide analogue of transmembrane domain 2 of CXCR4 interfered with α1b-AR:CXCR4 heteromerization and inhibited α1b-AR-mediated β-arrestin2 cross-recruitment. Phenylephrine (PE) induced internalization of CXCR4 in HEK293 cells co-expressing CXCR4 and α1b-AR and of endogenous CXCR4 in human vascular smooth muscle cells (hVSMC). The latter was detectable despite blockade of CXCR4 with the neutralizing antibody 12G5. hVSMC migrated towards CXCL12 and PE, but not towards a combination of CXCL12 and PE. PE inhibited CXCL12-induced chemotaxis of hVSMC (IC50: 77 ± 30 nM). Phentolamine cross-inhibited CXCL12-induced chemotaxis of hVSMC, whereas AMD3100 did not cross-inhibit PE-induced chemotaxis. These data provide evidence for asymmetrical cross-regulation of CXCR4 by α1-adrenergic receptors within the heteromeric receptor complex. Our findings provide mechanistic insights into the function of α1-AR:CXCR4 heteromers and suggest alternative approaches to modulate CXCR4 in disease conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianlong Gao
- Burn and Shock Trauma Research Institute, Department of Surgery, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois, 60153, USA
| | - Lauren J Albee
- Burn and Shock Trauma Research Institute, Department of Surgery, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois, 60153, USA
| | - Brian F Volkman
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 53226, USA
| | - Vadim Gaponenko
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60607, USA
| | - Matthias Majetschak
- Burn and Shock Trauma Research Institute, Department of Surgery, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois, 60153, USA. .,Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois, 60153, USA.
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40
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The intracellular angiotensin system buffers deleterious effects of the extracellular paracrine system. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e3044. [PMID: 28880266 PMCID: PMC5636983 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The 'classical' renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is a circulating system that controls blood pressure. Local/paracrine RAS, identified in a variety of tissues, including the brain, is involved in different functions and diseases, and RAS blockers are commonly used in clinical practice. A third type of RAS (intracellular/intracrine RAS) has been observed in some types of cells, including neurons. However, its role is still unknown. The present results indicate that in brain cells the intracellular RAS counteracts the intracellular superoxide/H2O2 and oxidative stress induced by the extracellular/paracrine angiotensin II acting on plasma membrane receptors. Activation of nuclear receptors by intracellular or internalized angiotensin triggers a number of mechanisms that protect the cell, such as an increase in the levels of protective angiotensin type 2 receptors, intracellular angiotensin, PGC-1α and IGF-1/SIRT1. Interestingly, this protective mechanism is altered in isolated nuclei from brains of aged animals. The present results indicate that at least in the brain, AT1 receptor blockers acting only on the extracellular or paracrine RAS may offer better protection of cells.
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41
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Perez-Lloret S, Otero-Losada M, Toblli JE, Capani F. Renin-angiotensin system as a potential target for new therapeutic approaches in Parkinson's disease. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2017; 26:1163-1173. [PMID: 28836869 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2017.1371133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Currently, available therapies for Parkinson's disease (PD) are symptomatic. Therefore, the search for neuroprotective drugs remains a top priority. Areas covered: In this review, the potential symptomatic or disease-modifying effect of drugs targeting the Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS) in PD will be explored. Expert opinion: The importance of nigrostriatal local RAS has only begun to be unraveled in the last decades. On one hand, there is a complex feedback cycle between RAS and dopamine (DA). On the other hand, RAS affects dopaminergic neurons vulnerability. Neuroprotective effects in animal PD models have been shown for the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors captopril and perindopril, and the AT1 receptor antagonists losartan, candesartan and telmisartan. These effects appear to be mediated by a reduction in the overproduction of reactive oxygen species. In a proof-of-concept, randomized, double-blind, crossover study in PD patients, perindopril enhanced the effect of levodopa without inducing dyskinesias. There has not been any clinical trial exploring the neuroprotective effect of RAS drugs, but one cohort study in hypertensive patients suggested a protective effect of ACE inhibitors on PD risk. RAS is a promising target for symptomatic and neuroprotective therapies in PD. Further studies in PD animal models and patients are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Perez-Lloret
- a Institute of Cardiology Research , University of Buenos Aires, National Research Council (ININCA-UBA-CONICET) , Buenos Aires , Argentina
| | - Matilde Otero-Losada
- a Institute of Cardiology Research , University of Buenos Aires, National Research Council (ININCA-UBA-CONICET) , Buenos Aires , Argentina
| | - Jorge E Toblli
- a Institute of Cardiology Research , University of Buenos Aires, National Research Council (ININCA-UBA-CONICET) , Buenos Aires , Argentina
| | - Francisco Capani
- a Institute of Cardiology Research , University of Buenos Aires, National Research Council (ININCA-UBA-CONICET) , Buenos Aires , Argentina.,b Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud , Universidad Autónoma de Chile , Santiago de Chile , Chile
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Trofimiuk E, Wielgat P, Braszko JJ. Candesartan, angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker is able to relieve age-related cognitive impairment. Pharmacol Rep 2017; 70:87-92. [PMID: 29331792 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2017.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Candesartan is one of the standard antihypertensive drug belonging to AT1R angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) group. Beneficial effects of this drug in the treatment of hypertension are well recognized. In this study we tested a hypothesis that candesartan could alleviate age-related memory decline. METHODS Aged and young rats have been treated with candesartan (0.1mg kg-1) for 21days and then underwent a battery of behavioral tests: for assessment of long-term memory (Passive avoidance test - PA), recognition memory (Object recognition test - OR), locomotor functions (Open field - OF) and anxiety behavior (Elevated plus maze - EPM). RESULTS Aged rats (2-years-old) displayed clear declining tendency in the retrieval of passive avoidance behavior showing thus increased forgetting. Prolonged administration of candesartan significantly (p<0.01) reversed this phenomenon causing recall measured as the avoidance latency, and surprisingly also showed the tendency to recall deterioration observed in the young rats. More optimistic results were achieved in the OR, where candesartan significantly improved recognition memory (p<0.001) of aged rats who performed even better than the young ones (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS It appears that candesartan potently abolishes some kinds of aging-induced memory impairments and cognitive declines in aged rats, but in some circumstances it may even could increase the damage of memory. It seems that the use of sartans in the treatment of hypertension for patients with associated cognitive impairment, or for people in risk groups for such disorders can be an interesting alternative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emil Trofimiuk
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland.
| | - Przemysław Wielgat
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Jan J Braszko
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
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43
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Takezako T, Unal H, Karnik SS, Node K. Current topics in angiotensin II type 1 receptor research: Focus on inverse agonism, receptor dimerization and biased agonism. Pharmacol Res 2017. [PMID: 28648738 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Although the octapeptide hormone angiotensin II (Ang II) regulates cardiovascular and renal homeostasis through the Ang II type 1 receptor (AT1R), overstimulation of AT1R causes various human diseases, such as hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy. Therefore, AT1R blockers (ARBs) have been widely used as therapeutic drugs for these diseases. Recent basic research and clinical studies have resulted in the discovery of interesting phenomena associated with AT1R function. For example, ligand-independent activation of AT1R by mechanical stress and agonistic autoantibodies, as well as via receptor mutations, has been shown to decrease the inverse agonistic efficacy of ARBs, though the molecular mechanisms of such phenomena had remained elusive until recently. Furthermore, although AT1R is believed to exist as a monomer, recent studies have demonstrated that AT1R can homodimerize and heterodimerize with other G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR), altering the receptor signaling properties. Therefore, formation of both AT1R homodimers and AT1R-GPCR heterodimer may be involved in the pathogenesis of human disease states, such as atherosclerosis and preeclampsia. Finally, biased AT1R ligands that can preferentially activate the β-arrestin-mediated signaling pathway have been discovered. Such β-arrestin-biased AT1R ligands may be better therapeutic drugs for cardiovascular diseases. New findings on AT1R described herein could provide a conceptual framework for application of ARBs in the treatment of diseases, as well as for novel drug development. Since AT1R is an extensively studied member of the GPCR superfamily encoded in the human genome, this review is relevant for understanding the functions of other members of this superfamily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanobu Takezako
- Department of Advanced Heart Research, Saga University, Saga, Japan; Medical Center for Student Health, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.
| | - Hamiyet Unal
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Sadashiva S Karnik
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Koichi Node
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saga University, Japan
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44
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Oliveira PAD, Dalton JAR, López-Cano M, Ricarte A, Morató X, Matheus FC, Cunha AS, Müller CE, Takahashi RN, Fernández-Dueñas V, Giraldo J, Prediger RD, Ciruela F. Angiotensin II type 1/adenosine A 2A receptor oligomers: a novel target for tardive dyskinesia. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1857. [PMID: 28500295 PMCID: PMC5431979 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02037-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a serious motor side effect that may appear after long-term treatment with neuroleptics and mostly mediated by dopamine D2 receptors (D2Rs). Striatal D2R functioning may be finely regulated by either adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) or angiotensin receptor type 1 (AT1R) through putative receptor heteromers. Here, we examined whether A2AR and AT1R may oligomerize in the striatum to synergistically modulate dopaminergic transmission. First, by using bioluminescence resonance energy transfer, we demonstrated a physical AT1R-A2AR interaction in cultured cells. Interestingly, by protein-protein docking and molecular dynamics simulations, we described that a stable heterotetrameric interaction may exist between AT1R and A2AR bound to antagonists (i.e. losartan and istradefylline, respectively). Accordingly, we subsequently ascertained the existence of AT1R/A2AR heteromers in the striatum by proximity ligation in situ assay. Finally, we took advantage of a TD animal model, namely the reserpine-induced vacuous chewing movement (VCM), to evaluate a novel multimodal pharmacological TD treatment approach based on targeting the AT1R/A2AR complex. Thus, reserpinized mice were co-treated with sub-effective losartan and istradefylline doses, which prompted a synergistic reduction in VCM. Overall, our results demonstrated the existence of striatal AT1R/A2AR oligomers with potential usefulness for the therapeutic management of TD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo A de Oliveira
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Trindade, 88049-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - James A R Dalton
- Institut de Neurociències and Unitat de Bioestadística, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Network Biomedical Research Center on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Marc López-Cano
- Unitat de Farmacologia, Departament de Patologia i Terapèutica Experimental, Facultat de Medicina, IDIBELL-Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adrià Ricarte
- Institut de Neurociències and Unitat de Bioestadística, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Network Biomedical Research Center on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Xavier Morató
- Unitat de Farmacologia, Departament de Patologia i Terapèutica Experimental, Facultat de Medicina, IDIBELL-Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Filipe C Matheus
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Trindade, 88049-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Andréia S Cunha
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Trindade, 88049-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Christa E Müller
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Reinaldo N Takahashi
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Trindade, 88049-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Víctor Fernández-Dueñas
- Unitat de Farmacologia, Departament de Patologia i Terapèutica Experimental, Facultat de Medicina, IDIBELL-Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jesús Giraldo
- Institut de Neurociències and Unitat de Bioestadística, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Network Biomedical Research Center on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Bellaterra, Spain.
| | - Rui D Prediger
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Trindade, 88049-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil. .,Programa de Pós-graduação em Neurociências, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Trindade, 88049-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
| | - Francisco Ciruela
- Unitat de Farmacologia, Departament de Patologia i Terapèutica Experimental, Facultat de Medicina, IDIBELL-Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain. .,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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Dominguez-Meijide A, Rodriguez-Perez AI, Diaz-Ruiz C, Guerra MJ, Labandeira-Garcia JL. Dopamine modulates astroglial and microglial activity via glial renin-angiotensin system in cultures. Brain Behav Immun 2017; 62:277-290. [PMID: 28232171 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2017.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Dopamine is an immunomodulatory molecule that acts on immune effector cells both in the CNS and peripheral tissues. However, the role of changes in dopamine levels in the neuroinflammatory response is controversial. The local/paracrine renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays a major role in inflammatory processes in peripheral tissues and brain. In the present study, we investigated the possible role of the brain RAS in the effects of dopamine on the glial inflammatory responses. Astrocytes are the major source of the precursor protein angiotensinogen and angiotensin II (AII) in the brain. Neurotoxins such as MPP+ (1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium) can act directly on astrocytes to increase levels of angiotensinogen and AII. Conversely, dopamine, via type-2 (D2) receptors, inhibited production of angiotensinogen, decreased expression of angiotensin type-1 (AT1) receptors and increased expression of AT2 receptors. In microglia, dopamine and dopamine agonists also regulated RAS activity. First, indirectly, via downregulation of the astrocyte-derived AII. Second, via dopamine-induced regulation of microglial angiotensin receptors. Dopamine decreased the microglial AT1/AT2 ratio leading to inhibition of the pro-inflammatory AT1/NADPH-oxidase/superoxide axis. D2 receptors were particularly responsible for microglial RAS inhibition in basal culture conditions. However, both D1 and D2 agonists inhibited the AT1/NADPH-oxidase axis in lipopolysaccharide-treated (LPS; i.e. activated) microglia. The results indicate that the decrease in dopamine levels observed in early stages of Parkinson's disease and aging may promote neuroinflammation and disease progression via glial RAS exacerbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Dominguez-Meijide
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Experimental Neurology, Dept. of Morphological Sciences, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Spain
| | - Ana I Rodriguez-Perez
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Experimental Neurology, Dept. of Morphological Sciences, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Spain
| | - Carmen Diaz-Ruiz
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Experimental Neurology, Dept. of Morphological Sciences, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Spain
| | - Maria J Guerra
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Experimental Neurology, Dept. of Morphological Sciences, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Spain
| | - Jose L Labandeira-Garcia
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Experimental Neurology, Dept. of Morphological Sciences, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Spain.
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46
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Methods used to study the oligomeric structure of G-protein-coupled receptors. Biosci Rep 2017; 37:BSR20160547. [PMID: 28062602 PMCID: PMC5398257 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20160547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), which constitute the largest family of cell surface receptors, were originally thought to function as monomers, but are now recognized as being able to act in a wide range of oligomeric states and indeed, it is known that the oligomerization state of a GPCR can modulate its pharmacology and function. A number of experimental techniques have been devised to study GPCR oligomerization including those based upon traditional biochemistry such as blue-native PAGE (BN-PAGE), co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) and protein-fragment complementation assays (PCAs), those based upon resonance energy transfer, FRET, time-resolved FRET (TR-FRET), FRET spectrometry and bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET). Those based upon microscopy such as FRAP, total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy (TIRFM), spatial intensity distribution analysis (SpIDA) and various single molecule imaging techniques. Finally with the solution of a growing number of crystal structures, X-ray crystallography must be acknowledged as an important source of discovery in this field. A different, but in many ways complementary approach to the use of more traditional experimental techniques, are those involving computational methods that possess obvious merit in the study of the dynamics of oligomer formation and function. Here, we summarize the latest developments that have been made in the methods used to study GPCR oligomerization and give an overview of their application.
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Rico AJ, Dopeso-Reyes IG, Martínez-Pinilla E, Sucunza D, Pignataro D, Roda E, Marín-Ramos D, Labandeira-García JL, George SR, Franco R, Lanciego JL. Neurochemical evidence supporting dopamine D1-D2 receptor heteromers in the striatum of the long-tailed macaque: changes following dopaminergic manipulation. Brain Struct Funct 2016; 222:1767-1784. [PMID: 27612857 PMCID: PMC5406426 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-016-1306-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Although it has long been widely accepted that dopamine receptor types D1 and D2 form GPCR heteromers in the striatum, the presence of D1–D2 receptor heteromers has been recently challenged. In an attempt to properly characterize D1–D2 receptor heteromers, here we have used the in situ proximity ligation assay (PLA) in striatal sections comprising the caudate nucleus, the putamen and the core and shell territories of the nucleus accumbens. Experiments were carried out in control macaques as well as in MPTP-treated animals (with and without dyskinesia). Obtained data support the presence of D1–D2 receptor heteromers within all the striatal subdivisions, with the highest abundance in the accumbens shell. Dopamine depletion by MPTP resulted in an increase of D1–D2 density in caudate and putamen which was normalized by levodopa treatment. Two different sizes of heteromers were consistently found, thus suggesting that besides individual heteromers, D1–D2 receptor heteromers are sometimes organized in macromolecular complexes made of a number of D1–D2 heteromers. Furthermore, the PLA technique was combined with different neuronal markers to properly characterize the identities of striatal neurons expressing D1–D2 heteromers. We have found that striatal projection neurons giving rise to either the direct or the indirect basal ganglia pathways expressed D1–D2 heteromers. Interestingly, macromolecular complexes of D1–D2 heteromers were only found within cholinergic interneurons. In summary, here we provide overwhelming proof that D1 and D2 receptors form heteromeric complexes in the macaque striatum, thus representing a very appealing target for a number of brain diseases involving dopamine dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto J Rico
- Department of Neurosciences, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pio XII Avenue 55, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Iria G Dopeso-Reyes
- Department of Neurosciences, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pio XII Avenue 55, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Martínez-Pinilla
- Department of Neurosciences, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pio XII Avenue 55, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Sucunza
- Department of Neurosciences, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pio XII Avenue 55, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Pignataro
- Department of Neurosciences, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pio XII Avenue 55, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Elvira Roda
- Department of Neurosciences, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pio XII Avenue 55, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - David Marín-Ramos
- Department of Neurosciences, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pio XII Avenue 55, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - José L Labandeira-García
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Morphological Sciences, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago De Compostela, Spain
| | - Susan R George
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rafael Franco
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José L Lanciego
- Department of Neurosciences, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pio XII Avenue 55, 31008, Pamplona, Spain. .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.
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Cerrato BD, Carretero OA, Janic B, Grecco HE, Gironacci MM. Heteromerization Between the Bradykinin B2 Receptor and the Angiotensin-(1-7) Mas Receptor: Functional Consequences. Hypertension 2016; 68:1039-48. [PMID: 27550920 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.116.07874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bradykinin B2 receptor (B2R) and angiotensin-(1-7) Mas receptor (MasR)-mediated effects are physiologically interconnected. The molecular basis for such cross talk is unknown. It is hypothesized that the cross talk occurs at the receptor level. We investigated B2R-MasR heteromerization and the functional consequences of such interaction. B2R fused to the cyan fluorescent protein and MasR fused to the yellow fluorescent protein were transiently coexpressed in human embryonic kidney293T cells. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer analysis showed that B2R and MasR formed a constitutive heteromer, which was not modified by their agonists. B2R or MasR antagonists decreased fluorescence resonance energy transfer efficiency, suggesting that the antagonist promoted heteromer dissociation. B2R-MasR heteromerization induced an 8-fold increase in the MasR ligand-binding affinity. On agonist stimulation, the heteromer was internalized into early endosomes with a slower sequestration rate from the plasma membrane, compared with single receptors. B2R-MasR heteromerization induced a greater increase in arachidonic acid release and extracellular signal-regulated kinase phosphorylation after angiotensin-(1-7) stimulation, and this effect was blocked by the B2R antagonist. Concerning serine/threonine kinase Akt activity, a significant bradykinin-promoted activation was detected in B2R-MasR but not in B2R-expressing cells. Angiotensin-(1-7) and bradykinin elicited antiproliferative effects only in cells expressing B2R-MasR heteromers, but not in cells expressing each receptor alone. Proximity ligation assay confirmed B2R-MasR interaction in human glomerular endothelial cells supporting the interaction between both receptors in vivo. Our findings provide an explanation for the cross talk between bradykinin B2R and angiotensin-(1-7) MasR-mediated effects. B2R-MasR heteromerization induces functional changes in the receptor that may lead to long-lasting protective properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno D Cerrato
- From the Departamento de Química Biológica, IQUIFIB-CONICET, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina (B.D.C., M.M.G.); Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI (O.A.C., B.J.); and Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires and IFIBA-CONICET, Argentina (H.E.G)
| | - Oscar A Carretero
- From the Departamento de Química Biológica, IQUIFIB-CONICET, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina (B.D.C., M.M.G.); Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI (O.A.C., B.J.); and Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires and IFIBA-CONICET, Argentina (H.E.G)
| | - Brana Janic
- From the Departamento de Química Biológica, IQUIFIB-CONICET, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina (B.D.C., M.M.G.); Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI (O.A.C., B.J.); and Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires and IFIBA-CONICET, Argentina (H.E.G)
| | - Hernán E Grecco
- From the Departamento de Química Biológica, IQUIFIB-CONICET, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina (B.D.C., M.M.G.); Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI (O.A.C., B.J.); and Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires and IFIBA-CONICET, Argentina (H.E.G)
| | - Mariela M Gironacci
- From the Departamento de Química Biológica, IQUIFIB-CONICET, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina (B.D.C., M.M.G.); Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI (O.A.C., B.J.); and Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires and IFIBA-CONICET, Argentina (H.E.G).
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Franco R, Martínez-Pinilla E, Lanciego JL, Navarro G. Basic Pharmacological and Structural Evidence for Class A G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Heteromerization. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:76. [PMID: 27065866 PMCID: PMC4815248 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell membrane receptors rarely work on isolation, often they form oligomeric complexes with other receptor molecules and they may directly interact with different proteins of the signal transduction machinery. For a variety of reasons, rhodopsin-like class A G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) seem an exception to the general rule of receptor-receptor direct interaction. In fact, controversy surrounds their potential to form homo- hetero-dimers/oligomers with other class A GPCRs; in a sense, the field is going backward instead of forward. This review focuses on the convergent, complementary and telling evidence showing that homo- and heteromers of class A GPCRs exist in transfected cells and, more importantly, in natural sources. It is time to decide between questioning the occurrence of heteromers or, alternatively, facing the vast scientific and technical challenges that class A receptor-dimer/oligomer existence pose to Pharmacology and to Drug Discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Franco
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biología, Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red: Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadrid, Spain; Institute of Biomedicine, University of BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain
| | - Eva Martínez-Pinilla
- Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias, Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de OviedoAsturias, Spain; Neurosciences Division, Centre for Applied Medical Research, University of NavarraPamplona, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de NavarraPamplona, Spain
| | - José L Lanciego
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red: Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadrid, Spain; Neurosciences Division, Centre for Applied Medical Research, University of NavarraPamplona, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de NavarraPamplona, Spain
| | - Gemma Navarro
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biología, Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red: Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadrid, Spain
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Marchese NA, Artur de laVillarmois E, Basmadjian OM, Perez MF, Baiardi G, Bregonzio C. Brain Angiotensin II AT1 receptors are involved in the acute and long-term amphetamine-induced neurocognitive alterations. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2016; 233:795-807. [PMID: 26613735 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-015-4153-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Angiotensin II, by activation of its brain AT1-receptors, plays an active role as neuromodulator in dopaminergic transmission. These receptors participate in the development of amphetamine-induced behavioral and dopamine release sensitization. Dopamine is involved in cognitive processes and provides connectivity between brain areas related to these processes. Amphetamine by its mimetic activity over dopamine neurotransmission elicits differential responses after acute administration or after re-exposure following long-term withdrawal periods in different cognitive processes. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to evaluate the AT1-receptor involvement in the acute and long-term amphetamine-induced alterations in long-term memory and in cellular-related events. METHODS Male Wistar rats (250-300 g) were used in this study. Acute effects: Amphetamine (0.5/2.5 mg/kg i.p.) was administered after post-training in the inhibitory avoidance (IA) response. The AT1-receptor blocker Losartan was administered i.c.v. before a single dose of amphetamine (0.5 mg/kg i.p.). Long-term effects: The AT1-receptors blocker Candesartan (3 mg/kg p.o.) was administered for 5 days followed by 5 consecutive days of amphetamine (2.5 mg/kg/day, i.p.). The neuroadaptive changes were evidenced after 1 week of withdrawal by an amphetamine challenge (0.5 mg/kg i.p.). The IA response, the neuronal activation pattern, and the hippocampal synaptic transmission were evaluated. RESULTS The impairing effect in the IA response of post-training acute amphetamine was partially prevented by Losartan. The long-term changes induced by repeated amphetamine (resistance to acute amphetamine interference in the IA response, neurochemical altered response, and increased hippocampal synaptic transmission) were prevented by AT1-receptors blockade. CONCLUSIONS AT1-receptors are involved in the acute alterations and in the neuroadaptations induced by repeated amphetamine associated with neurocognitive processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Andrea Marchese
- Instituto de Farmacología Experimental Córdoba (IFEC-CONICET) Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Emilce Artur de laVillarmois
- Instituto de Farmacología Experimental Córdoba (IFEC-CONICET) Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Osvaldo Martin Basmadjian
- Instituto de Farmacología Experimental Córdoba (IFEC-CONICET) Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Mariela Fernanda Perez
- Instituto de Farmacología Experimental Córdoba (IFEC-CONICET) Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Gustavo Baiardi
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, (IIBYT-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Claudia Bregonzio
- Instituto de Farmacología Experimental Córdoba (IFEC-CONICET) Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
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