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Berger E, O’Donohue K, Jeanes R, Alfrey L. Trauma-Informed Practice in Physical Activity Programs for Young People: A Systematic Review. TRAUMA, VIOLENCE & ABUSE 2024; 25:2584-2597. [PMID: 38153107 PMCID: PMC11370207 DOI: 10.1177/15248380231218293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Physical activity, sport, and physical education share many similar qualities with trauma-informed practice, including promoting relationships, inclusion, and physical and mental well-being. There is growing research and programs that incorporate trauma-informed practices into physical activity programs for young people. The aim of this systematic review was to explore current evidence-based, Trauma-Informed Physical Activity programs for young people. Four databases were searched using the Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses guidelines for systematic reviews. The search identified 19 studies that highlighted most Trauma-Informed Physical Activity programs reviewed resulted in positive social, emotional, behavioral, and academic outcomes for children and adolescents. However, further research and randomized control trials are required to understand the longitudinal outcomes of Trauma-Informed Physical Activity programs for children and adolescents. Program facilitators reported on the benefits of support and professional development opportunities for trauma awareness to administer Trauma-Informed Physical Activity programs with children and young people. Implications from this study emphasize the importance of the continued design, delivery, and research of Trauma-Informed Physical Activity programs for young people exposed to trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Berger
- Faculty of Education, School of Educational Psychology and Counselling, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, School of Rural Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Katelyn O’Donohue
- Faculty of Education, School of Educational Psychology and Counselling, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Ruth Jeanes
- Faculty of Education, School of Curriculum, Teaching, and Inclusive Education, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Laura Alfrey
- Faculty of Education, School of Curriculum, Teaching, and Inclusive Education, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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2
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Wender CLA, Ray LN, Sandroff BM, Krch D. Exercise as a behavioral approach to improve mood in persons with traumatic brain injury. PM R 2024; 16:919-931. [PMID: 37874561 DOI: 10.1002/pmrj.13091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Mood disturbance is a common, long-term, negative consequence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) that is insufficiently addressed by most traditional treatment modalities. A large body of evidence supports the efficacy of exercise training (ET) to broadly improve mood, as measured most often by the Profile of Mood States (POMS). However, this behavioral approach is not used nearly enough in the TBI population, and when it is, mood is rarely measured. This scoping review will evaluate the use of POMS as a mood measure in TBI research and to establish a rationale for using ET as a behavioral approach to broadly improve mood in persons with TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carly L A Wender
- Center for Traumatic Brain Injury Research, Kessler Foundation, East Hanover, New Jersey, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Rutgers-NJ Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - LaShawnna N Ray
- Military Performance Division, US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Brian M Sandroff
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Rutgers-NJ Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
- Center for Neuropsychology & Neuroscience Research, Kessler Foundation, West Orange, New Jersey, USA
| | - Denise Krch
- Center for Traumatic Brain Injury Research, Kessler Foundation, East Hanover, New Jersey, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Rutgers-NJ Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
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3
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Ahola K, Dorstyn D, Prideaux N. Best practice exercise for emerging depression in multiple sclerosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Rehabil 2024:2692155241262884. [PMID: 39053021 DOI: 10.1177/02692155241262884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the effects of instructor-led exercise on depression symptoms in adults with multiple sclerosis, with a focus on moderating factors to treatment response. DATA SOURCES Cochrane Library, Embase, PEDro, PsycINFO and PubMed databases were searched until 21 April 2024. REVIEW METHODS The reporting quality of included studies assessed (PEDro and TESTEX scales). Hedges' g effect sizes were calculated and pooled using random and mixed-effects modelling. RESULTS Twenty-two independent studies (k), representing 785 participants with relapsing remitting or progressive MS, were included. Individual studies varied in their reporting quality (PEDro range: 3-8) and did not routinely detail exercise parameters (TESTEX range: 5-13). Nonetheless, exercise reduced core symptoms of depression (gw = .52, CI: .30-.73, P < .01). Treatment effects were, however, not maintained once training had ceased (gw = -.53, CI: -.80 to .24, P ≤ .01, k = 5). Both aerobic and non-aerobic exercise groups experienced a significant (P < .01) reduction in depression scores. Larger gains were noted by those with better ambulation at baseline (P = .03). CONCLUSION Regular exercise can help to stabilise mood for people living with multiple sclerosis, regardless of session frequency or duration. Treatment efficacy could be maximised by addressing potential barriers for those with limited mobility, including exercise type, delivery and intensity. Protocol registered on Open Science Framework [https://osf.io/zfymq/].
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristiina Ahola
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Psychology, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Diana Dorstyn
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Psychology, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Nicole Prideaux
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Psychology, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences and Practice, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
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Alderman BL, Perdue HM, Sarwani AH. Exercise for the Prevention and Treatment of Depression. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2024. [PMID: 39042248 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2024_496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Depression is among the world's leading causes of disability and accounts for a significant loss of life. Despite large investments in research for antidepressants and psychotherapies, non-response, partial response, and small effects remain significant problems. Exercise and physical activity are two lifestyle behaviors that have been studied for well over half a century for the prevention and treatment of depression. The aim of this chapter is to summarize the current evidence base supporting the efficacy of exercise and physical activity in the prevention and treatment of depression, including evidence supporting exercise as a monotherapy and adjunct to antidepressant medication and psychotherapies. We conclude the chapter by outlining challenges to prescribing exercise for depression and general recommendations for encouraging behavioral adoption for individuals suffering from depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon L Alderman
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
| | - Hannah M Perdue
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Amber H Sarwani
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
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Xiong LY, Wood Alexander M, Cogo-Moreira H, Wu CY, Eid M, Herrmann N, Gallagher D, Edwards JD, Lanctôt KL, Marzolini S, Bennett DA, Rabin JS, Swardfager W. Longitudinal relationships between depressive symptoms, functional impairment, and physical activity in later late life. GeroScience 2024:10.1007/s11357-024-01282-1. [PMID: 39023667 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01282-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate relationships between depressive symptoms, functional disability, and physical activity over time in community-dwelling older adults. The Religious Order Study and Rush Memory and Aging Project are longitudinal cohort studies based in the United States which began recruitment in 1994 and 1997, respectively. This analysis included 1611 participants (27.4% male, 92.9% White, 74.7% cognitively normal) who were included at age 80 and followed until age 90. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the modified Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale. Functional disability was assessed using the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) scale. Physical activity was self-reported hours of weekly exercise. Reciprocal temporal relationships between these variables were investigated using a random intercept cross-lagged panel model, which decomposes observed variables into stable between-person ('trait') and variable within-person ('state') components to estimate the directional effects between variables over time. Traits for depressive symptoms, IADL disability, and physical activity were correlated. IADL disability showed autoregressive effects; disability starting at age 82 strongly predicted subsequent disability. Consistent autoregressive effects were not observed for depressive symptoms nor physical activity. Several small cross-lagged effects between states were observed for IADL disability and physical activity, as well as for IADL disability and depressive symptoms. There were no direct effects between depressive symptoms and physical activity, but several paths through IADL disability were observed between ages 82 and 88. Functional disability played an important role in octogenarians, highlighting the importance of maintaining functional independence later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Y Xiong
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Madeline Wood Alexander
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Hugo Cogo-Moreira
- Department of Education, ICT and Learning, Østfold University College, Halden, Norway
| | - Che-Yuan Wu
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Michael Eid
- Department of Educational Science and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nathan Herrmann
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Damien Gallagher
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jodi D Edwards
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- ICES, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Krista L Lanctôt
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Susan Marzolini
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- KITE Research Institute, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute-University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - David A Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jennifer S Rabin
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - Walter Swardfager
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada.
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
- Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.
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Wang Y, Xu X, Lv Q, Zhang X, Zhao Y, Zang X. Dose-Response Relationship Between Perceived Control and Depression in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: A Multicenter and Cross-sectional Study. J Cardiovasc Nurs 2024:00005082-990000000-00199. [PMID: 38896538 DOI: 10.1097/jcn.0000000000001117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known regarding the relationship between perceived control and depression in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF), particularly in terms of their dose-response relationship. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore this relationship based on linear and nonlinear hypotheses and potential subgroup differences in patients with CHF. METHODS A total of 308 patients with CHF were included in the study. Data on perceived control, depression, and relevant covariates, such as gender, age, New York Heart Association classification, and comorbidity burden, were collected. Logistic regression, Spearman correlation, and restricted cubic spline analysis were used for data analysis. RESULTS Compared with the patients in the first quartiles of perceived control scores (0-16), those in the other 3 quartiles had a lower risk of depression (odds ratios of 0.29, 0.21, and 0.20, respectively; P < .05). Furthermore, a negative correlation between perceived control and depression (r = -0.317, P < .01) was observed. The restricted cubic spline analysis revealed an "L-shaped" curve relationship between perceived control and the presence of depression (P for nonlinear < .01). Compared with patients with a perceived control within the 5th percentile (10 scores), as the perceived control increased, the risk of depression rapidly decreased from "1" until it reached a threshold (20 scores) and stabilized. This trend remained consistent across the subgroups grouped by gender, age, New York Heart Association classification, and comorbidity burden. CONCLUSIONS Interventions targeting perceived control may hold valuable implications for reducing the risk of depression in patients with CHF, particularly those who have not yet reached the threshold.
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Hallgren M, Moller EB, Andreasson S, Dunstan DW, Vancampfort D, Ekblom Ö. Associations of device-measured and self-reported physical activity with alcohol consumption: Secondary analyses of a randomized controlled trial (FitForChange). Drug Alcohol Depend 2024; 259:111315. [PMID: 38685154 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.111315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity (PA) is increasingly used as an adjunct treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD). Previous studies have relied on self-report measures of PA, which are prone to measurement error. In the context of a randomized controlled trial of PA for AUD, we examined: (1) associations between device-measured and self-reported PA, (2) associations between PA measurements and alcohol use, and (3) the feasibility of obtaining device-measured PA data in this population. METHOD One-hundred and forty individuals with clinician-diagnosed AUD participated in a 12-week intervention comparing usual care (phone counselling) to yoga-based exercise and aerobic exercise. Device-measured PA (Actigraph GT3x), self-reported PA (International Physical Activity Questionnaire) and alcohol consumption (Timeline Follow Back Method) were assessed before and after the trial. Effects of the interventions on PA levels were assessed using linear mixed models. RESULTS In total, 42% (n=59) of participants returned usable device-measured PA data (mean age= 56±10 years, 73% male). Device-measured and self-reported vigorous-intensity PA were correlated (β= -0.02, 95%CI= -0.03, -0.00). No associations were found for moderate-intensity PA. Compared to usual care, time spent in device-measured light-intensity PA increased in the aerobic exercise group (∆= 357, 95%CI= 709, 5.24). Increases in device-measured light-intensity PA were associated with fewer standard drinks (∆= -0.24, 95%CI= -0.03, -0.44), and fewer heavy drinking days (∆= -0.06, 95%CI=-0.01, -0.10). CONCLUSION Increases in light-intensity/habitual PA were associated with less alcohol consumption in adults with AUD. Self-reported PA data should be interpreted with caution. Incentives are needed to obtain device-measured PA data in AUD populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mats Hallgren
- Department of Global Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden; Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia.
| | | | - Sven Andreasson
- Department of Global Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - David W Dunstan
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia; Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Davy Vancampfort
- Research Group for Adapted Physical Activity and Psychomotor Rehabilitation, University of Leuven, Belgium
| | - Örjan Ekblom
- The Swedish School of Sports and Health Sciences (GIH), Sweden; Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Nursing, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
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Chen L, Liu Q, Xu F, Wang F, Luo S, An X, Chen J, Tang N, Jiang X, Liang X. Effect of physical activity on anxiety, depression and obesity index in children and adolescents with obesity: A meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 2024; 354:275-285. [PMID: 38490590 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.02.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
FOR FULL-LENGTH ARTICLES This study systematically identified the effects of physical activity (PA) on depression, anxiety and weight-related outcomes among children and adolescents with overweight/obesity. EMBASE, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and PubMed were searched from January 1, 2000 to August 1, 2022 for peer-reviewed papers. Meta-analyses were conducted to ascertain the effect of physical activity on symptoms of anxiety, depression and weight-related outcomes in overweight/obese children and adolescents. Twenty-five studies representing 2188 participants, with median age 12.08 years old (8.3 to 18.44 years) were included. Depressive and anxiety symptoms, BMI, BMI z-scores, weight, waist circumference and height were evaluated. After incorporating the effects of PA interventions on children and adolescents with overweight/obesity, PA could improve depressive and anxiety symptoms, but not obesity indexes except waist circumference. While, PA combined with other interventions have a significant effect both on anxiety symptoms and BMI compared to pure PA intervention. In terms of intervention duration, we observed that durations falling within the range of 8 to 24 weeks exhibited the most positive effects on reducing depressive symptoms. FOR SHORT COMMUNICATIONS We included 25 articles on the effects of physical activity on psychological states such as depression and anxiety, weight, BMI and other weight-related indicators in children and adolescents with overweight/obesity. We attempted to determine the most appropriate type of physical activity intervention for children and adolescents with overweight/obesity, as well as the most appropriate population characteristics and duration by combining the outcome data from each article. This has a great enlightening effect for health workers to carry out corresponding strategies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Chen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400016, China; Nursing Department, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders (Chongqing), China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Qin Liu
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Fenglin Xu
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Fengming Wang
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Shunqing Luo
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xizhou An
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jinyu Chen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ni Tang
- Nephrology Department, the people's hospital of kaizhou district, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoping Jiang
- Nursing Department, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders (Chongqing), China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Xiaohua Liang
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400016, China.
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Duan Y, Li S, Su Q, Xu S, Lu G. Influence of exercise prescription intervention based on WeChat on glycolipid metabolism and fitness of suboptimal-health teachers. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e38167. [PMID: 38788028 PMCID: PMC11124765 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000038167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Exercise is an effective means to promote health, but adherence is low. Due to the advantages of immediacy, economy and effectiveness, the use of WeChat social software has permeated into every aspect in daily life in China. To explore the influence of WeChat-based exercise prescription intervention mode on glycolipid metabolism and fitness of suboptimal-health teachers. 293 suboptimal-health teachers with senior professional titles were randomized to a control group (CG) or an experimental group (e.g.). The CG exercised on its own, while the e.g. adopted the exercise prescription intervention based on WeChat. The intervention period was 6 months. Finally, 264 cases were adhered to and completed, including 132 cases in the CG and 132 cases in the e.g.. The Suboptimal-Health Status Questionnaires-25 scores (SHSQ-25 scores), exercise adherence, subjective feelings, physical fitness, blood glucose and blood lipids were detected before and after intervention and compared between 2 groups. After the intervention, the SHSQ-25 scores in the e.g. was significantly decreased than those in the CG (P < .01). The complete exercise adherence in the e.g. was significantly higher than those in the CG (P < .01). After intervention, the subjective feelings of e.g. were significantly improved compared to CG (P < .05). The body shape, body function and physical quality in the e.g. was higher than those in the CG (P < .05). Total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) decreased significantly in the e.g. but not in the CG (P < .05). Fasting blood glucose (FBG) decreased significantly in the e.g. but not in the CG, with a significant difference between groups (P < .05). The subjects in the e.g. were very satisfied with WeChat management. WeChat-based exercise prescription intervention could improve SHS, exercise adherence, subjective feelings, physical fitness and glycolipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimei Duan
- Institute of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sports University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- College of Physical Education, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shunchang Li
- Institute of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sports University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Quansheng Su
- Institute of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sports University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Simao Xu
- College of Physical Education, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Guotian Lu
- College of Physical Education, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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10
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Li L, Wang P, Zhao Q, Liu Z, Li S, Wang X. Latent profile analysis of depressive symptoms in college students and its relationship with physical activity. J Affect Disord 2024; 351:364-371. [PMID: 38296059 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the classification of depressive symptoms in college students and the relationship between those symptoms and physical activity. METHODS A convenience sampling method was employed to enlist college students from Songjiang University Town in Shanghai to complete in the General Information Questionnaire, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and Physical Activity Scale-3. RESULTS A total of 3541 students were analyzed, averaging 19.34 years of age with a male composition of 53 %. The participants can be classified into four categories, namely: Group 1, which exhibits the most severe depressive symptoms, including suicidal ideation and cognitive symptoms (11.07 %); Group 2, which only manifests cognitive symptoms without suicidal ideation (14.35 %); Group 3, which presents mild depressive symptoms (23.61 %); and Group 4, consisting of normal college students (50.97 %). Students with strained family and interpersonal relationships, high levels of academic stress, and low frequency of social activities were at higher risk for detecting suicidal intention and cognitive symptoms. The level of physical activity was significantly higher in the normal group than in the other groups (all P < 0.001), and only the frequency of exercise was significantly different among the remaining three groups (χ2 = 14.716, P = 0.005). The detection rate of cognitive symptoms was significantly lower when exercising >3 times per week for 30-59 min (OR = 0.740, 95 % CI: 0.590-0.928; OR = 0.596, 95 % CI: 0.427-0.831).The detection rate of suicidal thoughts was significantly lower when exercising 2 times per month to 2 times per week or >3 times per week (OR = 0.585, 95 % CI: 0.404-0.847; OR = 0.392, 95 % CI: 0.258-0.595). CONCLUSION Suicidal ideation and cognitive symptoms can differentiate between various categories of depressive symptoms among college students. Engaging in physical activity serves as a protective factor against depressive symptoms among college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Li
- Shanghai University Of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Qun Zhao
- Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Zuhong Liu
- Shanghai Sanda University, Shanghai 314199, China
| | - Shufan Li
- Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China.
| | - Xing Wang
- Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China.
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11
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Chen X, Zeng X, Liu C, Lu P, Shen Z, Yin R. Formulation of precise exercise intervention strategy for adolescent depression. Psych J 2024; 13:176-189. [PMID: 38298170 PMCID: PMC10990816 DOI: 10.1002/pchj.726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
The high incidence of adolescent depression has become the focus of social and academic attention. Exercise is an important method to improve adolescent depression, but its intervention effect is still controversial. This study first compares and analyzes the relevant studies at home and abroad and finds that exercise prescription in adolescent depression intervention is not accurate enough. A meta-analysis was conducted to develop a precise exercise intervention strategy for adolescent depression. Firstly, this thesis identified how to optimize five elements (exercise intensity, exercise frequency, exercise time, exercise cycle, and exercise type) of exercise prescription to improve depression in adolescents. This is the problem. Furthermore, the concept of "precision exercise" was proposed, and a precision exercise intervention strategy (moderate-intensity aerobic exercise for 8-10 weeks, 3 times/week, 45-50 min/time) was constructed to improve adolescent depression. This paper also presents research that strengthens the cross-sectional research and empirical research on adolescent depression and establishes a precision exercise prescription database for adolescent depression in China. In conclusion, this study not only puts forward the concept of "precision exercise" but also constructs a precision exercise intervention strategy for adolescent depression, which has important theoretical and practical significance for improving the high incidence of adolescent depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghe Chen
- College of Physical EducationYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Xinyu Zeng
- College of Physical EducationYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Chi Liu
- College of Physical EducationYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Pengcheng Lu
- College of Physical EducationYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Ziming Shen
- College of Physical EducationYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Rongbin Yin
- Physical Education and Sports School of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
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12
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Wang X, Liu T, Jin X, Zhou C. Aerobic exercise promotes emotion regulation: a narrative review. Exp Brain Res 2024:10.1007/s00221-024-06791-1. [PMID: 38400992 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-024-06791-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Aerobic exercise improves the three stages of emotion regulation: perception, valuation and action. It reduces the perception of negative emotions, encourages individuals to reinterpret emotional situations in a positive or non-emotional manner, and enhances control over emotion expression behaviours. These effects are generated via increased prefrontal cortex activation, the strengthening of functional connections between the amygdala and several other brain regions, and the enhancement of the plasticity of key emotion regulation pathways and nodes, such as the uncinate fasciculus. The effect of aerobic exercise on emotion regulation is influenced by the exercise intensity and duration, and by individuals' exercise experience. Future research may explore the key neural basis of aerobic exercise's promotion of emotion regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuru Wang
- Department of Sport Psychology, School of Sport Science, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianze Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinhong Jin
- Department of Sport Psychology, School of Sport Science, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenglin Zhou
- Department of Sport Psychology, School of Sport Science, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Bendau A, Petzold MB, Kaminski J, Plag J, Ströhle A. Exercise as Treatment for "Stress-Related" Mental Disorders. Curr Neuropharmacol 2024; 22:420-436. [PMID: 37779399 PMCID: PMC10845075 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x22666230927103308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The beneficial impact of physical activity on preventing and treating mental disorders has captured growing (research) interest. This article aims to provide a concise overview of essential evidence regarding the effectiveness and underlying mechanisms of physical activity for individuals with mental disorders clustered as "stress-related" conditions. Empirical findings (e.g., longitudinalprospective studies, interventional randomized-controlled-trials, reviews, meta-analyses) regarding the effects of physical activity in the prevention and treatment of stress-related mental disorders are summarized. Furthermore, potential mechanisms underlying these effects are discussed, and recommendations regarding the use of physical activity are outlined. The majority of studies indicate good efficacy of physical activity in prospectively lowering the risk for the incidence of subsequent stress-related mental disorders as well as in the treatment of manifest disorders. Most evidence targets unipolar depressive disorder and, secondly, anxiety disorders. Research regarding posttraumatic stress disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorders, and somatoform disorders is promising but scarce. Physical activity seems to be useful as a stand-alone-treatment as well as in combination with other psychotherapeutic or pharmacological treatments. Multiple intertwined physiological, psychological, and social mechanisms are assumed to mediate the beneficial effects. Recommendations regarding physical activity can orientate on official guidelines but should consider the individual needs and circumstances of each subject. In summary, physical activity seems to be effective in the prevention and treatment of stressrelated mental disorders and, therefore, should be fostered in healthcare-settings. Future studies are needed to clarify partly inconsistent patterns of results and to close research gaps, e.g., concerning somatoform disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Bendau
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, CCM, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- HMU Health and Medical University Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Moritz Bruno Petzold
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, CCM, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychology, MSB Medical School Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Kaminski
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, CCM, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens Plag
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, CCM, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- HMU Health and Medical University Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- Oberberg Fachklinik Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Andreas Ströhle
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, CCM, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
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14
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Ejiri H, Uchida H, Tsuchiya K, Fujiwara K, Kikuchi S, Hirao K. Immediate Effects of Mobile Phone App for Depressed Mood in Young Adults with Subthreshold Depression: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2023; 19:1695-1707. [PMID: 37546515 PMCID: PMC10402716 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s415937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Preventive interventions for subthreshold depression (StD) are essential to reduce the incidence of major depressive disorder. Our smartphone application presenting positive word stimulation in video (ie, Subliminal Priming with Supraliminal Reward Stimulation, SPSRS) was suggested to improve depressive symptoms in people with StD, although it is unclear whether it can immediately improve depressed mood. This pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) aimed to investigate the preliminary efficacy of SPSRS application intervention on depressive mood in people with StD. Methods Thirty-two participants with StD were randomly assigned to the experimental (n = 16) or control group (n = 16). The experimental group received SPSRS application intervention (10-minute video with positive word stimulation) and the control group received YouTube application intervention (10-minute video without positive word stimulation). Both groups used identical iPhones managed by the research team. The primary outcome was the change from baseline in depression-dejection on the Profile of Mood States 2nd Edition-Adult Short (POMS 2-A Short) after the intervention. Results No participants dropped out of the study. The experimental group showed a small improvement in depression-dejection on the POMS 2-A Short score (adjusted Hedges's g = -0.32) compared to the control group. Post-hoc power analyses estimated a sample size of 56 per group (112 total) to evaluate depression-dejection on the POMS 2-A Short in a future full-scale RCT. Conclusion SPSRS application intervention may be effective in immediately improving depressive mood in people with StD. A future full-scale RCT based on a formally calculated sample size should be conducted to replicate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitomi Ejiri
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Uchida
- Department of Rehabilitation, Kurashiki Heisei Hospital, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Kenji Tsuchiya
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nagano University of Health and Medicine, Nagano, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Fujiwara
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Nishikyushu University, Kanzaki, Japan
| | - Senichiro Kikuchi
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Kazuki Hirao
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
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15
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Cosh SM, McNeil DG, Tully PJ. Compulsive exercise and its relationship with mental health and psychosocial wellbeing in recreational exercisers and athletes. J Sci Med Sport 2023:S1440-2440(23)00086-5. [PMID: 37296060 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2023.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Better understanding of compulsive exercise is needed in sports medicine. Whilst compulsive exercise may impact mental health, the limited research exploring the relationship between compulsive exercise and psychosocial outcomes is equivocal. The majority of studies have examined eating disorder populations where the eating disorder pathology might account for distress. This study explores relationships between compulsive exercise and mental health. DESIGN Cross-sectional observational study. METHODS Australian recreational exercisers and athletes (N = 1157; Mage 36.4, standard deviation = 12.9, 77 % female) recruited through sporting organisations, clubs, and gyms, completed measures of compulsive exercise, depression, anxiety, stress, life satisfaction, social physique anxiety, and self-esteem. Regression analyses examined relationships between dimensions of compulsive exercise and wellbeing. RESULTS After adjustment for eating disorder symptoms and sporting level, compulsive exercise was associated with increased risk of clinically-significant anxiety, depression, and stress symptoms. Compulsive exercise was also associated with lower life satisfaction and self-esteem, and higher social physique anxiety. Notably, different dimensions of compulsive exercise had varying relationships with outcomes, and avoidance and rule-driven behaviour and lack of exercise enjoyment were associated with poorer mental health and wellbeing. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that compulsive exercise is uniquely associated with a range of psychosocial and mental health outcomes. Results support the need to improve identification and treatment of compulsive exercise in sport and exercise settings. Results highlight that mental health intervention is an important component of treatment, and treatments targeting symptoms related to avoidance and rule-driven behaviour, and anhedonia may be valuable treatment components for those with compulsive exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Cosh
- School of Psychology, University of New England, Australia.
| | - D G McNeil
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Federation University, Australia
| | - P J Tully
- School of Psychology, University of New England, Australia
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16
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Perkins SL, Cook DB, Herring MP, Meyer JD. Dose-response effects of acute exercise intensity on state anxiety among women with depression. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1090077. [PMID: 37252133 PMCID: PMC10213268 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1090077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Anxiety is common in people with major depressive disorder (MDD), yet the anxiolytic effects of acute exercise in MDD are unknown. The purpose of this analysis was to determine a potentially optimal acute exercise intensity for reducing state anxiety in women with MDD, the duration of the response, and the potential influences of depression severity and preferred-intensity exercise. Using a within-subject, randomized, counter-balanced design, 24 participants completed five separate visits including 20 min of steady-state bicycling at prescribed (via RPE) light, moderate, or hard intensities, a preferred/self-selected session, or a quiet rest (QR) session. State anxiety was measured via the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-Y1) and anxiety visual analog scale (VAS) at pre-, immediately (VAS only), 10 min, and 30 min post-exercise. Depression was measured via the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) pre-exercise. Moderate exercise resulted in a moderate state anxiety reduction compared to QR 10 min (STAI-Y1: g = 0.59, padj = 0.040) and 30 min post-exercise (STAI-Y1: g = 0.61, padj = 0.032). Pairwise differences indicated each exercise session decreased state anxiety pre to 10 min and 30 min post-exercise (all padj < 0.05) for the STAI-Y1, and for moderate and hard exercise from pre to each time point post-exercise (all padj < 0.05) for the VAS. Depression severity was associated with state anxiety (p < 0.01) but did not influence the overall results. Prescribed moderate intensity exercise led to greater reductions in state anxiety compared to preferred at 30 m (STAI-Y1: g = 0.43, p = 0.04). These findings suggest steady-state prescribed moderate exercise reduces state anxiety in women with MDD for at least 30 min following exercise regardless of their depression severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seana L. Perkins
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Dane B. Cook
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Matthew P. Herring
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Jacob D. Meyer
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
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17
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Caviness CM, Abrantes AM, O’Keeffe BJ, Legasse AJ, Uebelacker LA. Effects of a bout of exercise on mood in people with depression with and without physical pain. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2023; 28:1068-1075. [PMID: 36315041 PMCID: PMC10006325 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2022.2141276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Physical and mental health symptoms can reduce participation in physical activity. The current study assessed the impact of a bout of exercise on mood state in depressed participants with and without current physical pain. We enrolled a community sample of 147 participants (Mage = 45.5; SD = 11.98; 87.1% female) with elevated depressive symptoms. Individuals rated their mood state, completed a 1-mile walk test on a treadmill, and rated their mood state again. Pairwise comparisons between pre- and post-exercise mood ratings were statistically significant (p < .001) and showed improved mood state. People with at least moderate pain showed greater decreases in sadness and irritability from pre- to post- exercise bout. A single bout of exercise was associated with decreased sadness, anxiety, and irritability, and increased energy in a sample of adults with depression. The changes in sadness and irritability were greatest in those who reported at least moderate physical pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celeste M. Caviness
- Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
- Butler Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - Ana M. Abrantes
- Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
- Butler Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | | | | | - Lisa A. Uebelacker
- Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
- Butler Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
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18
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Zhang CS, Cheng L, Chen X, Wang Y, Wei S, Sun J. The strategies of exercise intervention for adolescent depression: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Psychol 2023; 13:974382. [PMID: 36687827 PMCID: PMC9846179 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.974382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to investigate the effect of exercise intervention, and analyze exercise intervention strategies for adolescent depression through a meta-analysis of RCTs. Methods Accordance to PRISMA guidelines, PubMed, Medline, EBSCO, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, PsycINFO, ProQuest, and CNKI were searched for eligible records. Peer-reviewed studies were included if they met the following criteria: population (mean age of 10-18 years), intervention (physical activity, sport, or exercise), and outcomes (depression, adherence, ITT, dropout, adverse events, follow-up report). The protocol of this systematic review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022321683). Effect sizes calculations and methodological quality of exercise intervention (TESTEX scale) were carried out. The certainty of evidence was assessed by GRADE framework. Results Thirteen randomized controlled trials were eligible for this review, which comprised a total of 433 adolescents. Compared with the control treatment, the effect of exercise on adolescent depression was moderate (SMD = -0.65, 95%CI: -1.03 to -0.27, p < 0.01). Heterogeneity was substantial (T 2 = 0.30, I 2 = 67%, p < 0.01). The moderating effect analysis showed that exercise intervention characteristics (organization form, exercise frequency, exercise intensity, exercise type, and single exercise session duration) of included studies varied greatly revealing multiple factors that may impact the antidepressant effect of exercise on adolescent depression (I 2 > 50%, p < 0.05). Three studies show that the positive effect of exercise on reducing depression in adolescents remained 40 weeks after the intervention. Moreover, owing to the included studies contained methodological limitations, the certainty of evidence was reduced to moderate level. Conclusion This study shows that exercise intervention has a moderate and sustained positive effect on adolescent depression. Our results recommended that adolescents with depression undertake moderate to high intensity group mixed exercise for more than 12 weeks, 20 to 60 min/time, more than 3 times/week. Additionally, our study also shows that the antidepressant effects remained for a long time after the end of exercise interventions. However, following the GRADE framework, we rated the certainty of evidence the primary meta-analysis as moderate evidence due to some limitations of included studies. Therefore, rigorous studies are still needed to verify the results. Systematic review registration [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=321683], identifier [CRD42022321683].
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Sheng Zhang
- School of Physical Education, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liang Cheng
- School of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoan Chen
- School of Sports Science, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan, China
| | - Yi Wang
- School of Sports Science, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan, China
| | - Shuguang Wei
- Department of Psychology, College of Education, Hebei Normal University, Hebei, China
| | - Jinxiu Sun
- School of Sports Science, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan, China
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19
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Ma R, Romano E, Vancampfort D, Firth J, Stubbs B, Koyanagi A. Association between physical activity and comorbid anxiety/depression in 46 low- and middle-income countries. J Affect Disord 2023; 320:544-551. [PMID: 36209777 PMCID: PMC10166713 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence on the association of low physical activity (PA) with depression or anxiety is well established. Yet, evidence on the association between PA and comorbid anxiety/depression remains scarce, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Thus, this study explored this relationship among adults aged ≥18 years from 46 LMICs. METHODS Cross-sectional, community-based data were analyzed from the World Health Survey (WHS). Multivariable multinomial logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the association between low PA and comorbid anxiety/depression with no anxiety or depression as the base category. RESULTS 237,023 participants [mean (SD) age = 38.4 (16.0) years; 50.8 % female] were included in the analysis. Low PA was significantly associated with depression alone (OR = 1.33; 95%CI = 1.12-1.57) and anxiety alone (OR = 1.37; 95%CI = 1.23-1.53), while the OR was highest among those with comorbid anxiety/depression (OR = 1.75; 95%CI = 1.52-2.01). CONCLUSION Low PA is associated with particularly increased odds for comorbid anxiety/depression. Increasing PA may have a beneficial effect on the prevention of comorbid anxiety/depression. However, future longitudinal research establishing the direction of this relationship is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruimin Ma
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London SE5 8AB, UK.
| | - Eugenia Romano
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London SE5 8AB, UK
| | - Davy Vancampfort
- KU Leuven Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Leuven 3000, Belgium; University Psychiatric Centre KU Leuven, Kortenberg 3000, Belgium
| | - Joseph Firth
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Westmead 2751, Australia
| | - Brendon Stubbs
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London SE5 8AB, UK; Physiotherapy Department, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AZ, UK
| | - Ai Koyanagi
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, ISCIII, 08830 Barcelona, Spain; Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avancats (ICREA), Pg. Lluis Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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20
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Robertson HL, Michel C, Bartl L, Hamilton-Reeves JM. Sarcopenia in urologic oncology: Identification and strategies to improve patient outcomes. Urol Oncol 2022; 40:474-480. [PMID: 32456854 PMCID: PMC7683358 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2020.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Sarcopenia is the loss of muscle mass and function related to aging, undereating, disease conditions, or inactivity. Pre-existing sarcopenia diminishes the functional reserve of patients with cancer which increases their risk for frailty, cancer cachexia, and worse outcomes from treatments. The pathogenesis of sarcopenia is multi-factorial: opening opportunities for clinicians to work across disciplines to improve patient outcomes and quality of life. The purpose of this essay is to describe sarcopenia, discuss clinical screening and assessment for sarcopenia, and highlight potential interventions to manage sarcopenia in the urologic oncology population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilary L Robertson
- Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Carrie Michel
- Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Lucas Bartl
- Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
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21
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Kong L, Cui Y, Gong Q. Duration of Keeping an Exercise Habit and Mental Illness and Life Attitude among University Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191811669. [PMID: 36141940 PMCID: PMC9517129 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Physical exercise has beneficial effects on human health, and several studies have examined the association between exercise and mental health. However, most of these studies focused on exercise intensity, duration, or frequency. Evidence for the association between the duration of maintaining an exercise habit and mental illness is lacking, especially in young adulthood-a crucial period that bridges adolescence and adulthood. This study investigated the association between the duration of keeping an exercise habit and mental illness and life attitude among Chinese university students. A total of 11,392 university students participated in this study (6866 men and 4526 women). The duration of keeping an exercise habit was evaluated using a questionnaire with relevant questions. Exercise habit was defined as exercising for longer than 30 min per session and more than twice a week. Mental illness consisted of two elements: depressive symptoms-assessed using the Zung Self-rating Depression Scale, and anxiety symptoms-assessed using the seven-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale. Life attitude was assessed using a questionnaire with relevant questions. Multivariate logistic regression analysis examined the adjusted association between the duration of keeping an exercise habit and mental illness and life attitude. In the final adjusted model, compared to the no exercise category, the odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of depressive symptoms were 0.80 (0.70, 0.91) for those with an exercise habit of 1-4 months, and 0.72 (0.63, 0.83) for those with one of >4 months (p for trend <0.001). Additionally, when compared to participants with no exercise habit, the adjusted odds ratios (95% CIs) for anxiety symptoms were 1.01 (0.90, 1.14) for those with a habit of 1-4 months and 0.78 (0.69, 0.88) for those with one of >4 months (p for trend =0.001). A longer duration of keeping an exercise habit was also significantly associated with positive life attitudes. Our results showed that a long duration of keeping an exercise habit was significantly associated with a lower prevalence of mental illness among university students. Further, maintaining a more prolonged exercise habit may benefit individuals' mental health in young adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingfeng Kong
- Department of Physical Education, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Yufei Cui
- Department of Physical Education, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Qiang Gong
- Department of Physical Education, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China
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22
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Zhang Q, Miao L, He L, Wang H. The Relationship between Self-Concept and Negative Emotion: A Moderated Mediation Model. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10377. [PMID: 36012021 PMCID: PMC9407814 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191610377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Background: Emotional problems such as depression and anxiety are very serious among college students, especially during the COVID-2019 pandemic. The present study aimed to explore the mediating role of resilience in the relationship between self-concept and negative emotion, and the moderating role of exercise intensity in the direct and indirect effect of self-concept on negative emotion among college students. Methods: A total of 739 Chinese college students aged between 18 and 25 years (M = 20.13; SD = 1.67) were selected to complete the Tennessee Self-Concept Scale (TSCS), the Depression Anxiety Stress Self Rating Scale, the Adolescent Psychological Resilience Scale, and the Physical Exercise Scale (PARS-3) to assess self-concept, negative emotions, psychological resilience, and exercise intensity, respectively. Hayes' PROCESS macro for SPSS was used to test the relationships among these variables. Results: Self-concept was negatively correlated with negative emotions; psychological resilience partially mediated the association between self-concept and negative emotions; exercise intensity moderated the effect of self-concept on negative emotions, and college students with low intensity physical activity would strengthening the association between self-concept and psychological resilience, psychological resilience, and negative emotions. Conclusions: Psychological resilience is a critical mediating mechanism through which self-concept is associated with negative emotions among college students, and exercise intensity plays a role as a moderating variable in the direct and indirect influence of self-concept on negative emotions. Implications for preventing or reducing negative emotions are discussed.
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23
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Ligeza TS, Maciejczyk M, Wyczesany M, Junghofer M. The effects of a single aerobic exercise session on mood and neural emotional reactivity in depressed and healthy young adults: A late positive potential study. Psychophysiology 2022; 60:e14137. [PMID: 35790005 PMCID: PMC10078493 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Depression has been characterized by lowered mood and unfavorable changes in neural emotional reactivity (altered brain responses to emotional stimuli). Physical exercise is a well-established strategy to improve the mood of healthy and depressed individuals. Increasing evidence suggests that exercise might also improve emotional reactivity in healthy adults by increasing or decreasing brain responses to positive or negative stimuli, respectively. It is unknown, however, if exercise could also benefit emotional reactivity in depressed individuals. We investigated the effects of a single aerobic exercise session on mood and emotional reactivity in 24 depressed and 24 matched healthy young adults. Self-reported mood and neural reactivity to emotional pictures (indexed by the EEG late positive potential, LPP) were assessed before and after two experimental protocols: exercise (36 min of moderate-intensity exercise at 75% of maximal heart rate) and seated rest condition (36 min). In the healthy control group, exercise improved self-reported mood and neural emotional reactivity (increasing LPP to positive pictures). In the depressed group, exercise improved self-reported mood; however, it did not affect neural emotional reactivity. Additional analyses performed on both groups revealed that exercise-induced changes in emotional reactivity are associated with the severity of depressive symptoms: the effectiveness of exercise in improving emotional reactivity decreases with the severity of depressive symptoms. Overall, the study further strengthens the claim of a beneficial role of exercise on mood and emotional reactivity. It also suggests that a single aerobic exercise session might have a limited influence on neural emotional reactivity in depressed individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz S Ligeza
- Psychophysiology Laboratory, Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marcin Maciejczyk
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, University of Physical Education, Kraków, Poland
| | - Miroslaw Wyczesany
- Psychophysiology Laboratory, Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Markus Junghofer
- Institute for Biomagnetism and Biosignal analysis, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany.,Otto Creutzfeldt Center for Cognitive and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
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Effects of Mood Regulation on Sociodemographic Status, Exercise Pattern, and Physical Conditions of Chinese Adults and the Elderly. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:2034957. [PMID: 35832131 PMCID: PMC9273414 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2034957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Objective This study focused on mood regulations and their association with sociodemographic status, exercise pattern, and physical conditions of adults and older adults in China who did not undergo interventions. Method Data were based on the 2016 to 2018 Guangdong National Physique Monitoring data, in which 5242 participants aged 20-69 years were recruited. Multiple statistical analysis methods, such as descriptive and logistic regression analyses, were used to study each exercise motivation and its association with influencing factors, including sociodemographic characteristics, exercise measurements, and physical conditions. An exercise index for mental health was also used to investigate the number and types of people who were more likely to meet the index. Results We observed that 44.9% (2355/5242) of participants did not engage in physical exercise in this study. Only older participants (40 to 69 years old) and those with an average level of education (high school/technical secondary school) showed a significant association with exercising for mood regulation. Few people met the index that is good for mental health (16.64% [872/5242] met index 1, and 2.84% (149/5242) met index 2), and higher education showed a significant association with a reduction in the mental health burden and the prevention of depression. Conclusion This study found that motivating people to be more active and educating them on the potential mental health benefits of exercise could help them to exercise more.
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Zhu Z, Li H, Xiao J, Xu W, Huang MC. A Fitness Training Optimization System Based On Heart Rate Prediction Under Different Activities. Methods 2022; 205:89-96. [PMID: 35750282 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2022.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart rate can be considered as an indicator of the exercise intensity in people's daily physical activities. Five heart rate zone theory is commonly adopted by individuals and professional athletes during their exercises and training. These heart rate zones are based upon percentages of people's maximal heart rate, which indicate different exercise intensities. The aim of paper is to propose an optimization training system based on dynamic heart rate prediction, which can predict people's heart rate under three different types of exercises: walking, running and rope jumping. The system can help people optimize their exercise by advising them to adjust the speed or workload to reach their predetermined training intensity under different activities. Four Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural networks are deployed, one for human activity recognition (HAR) and three for heart rate prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zetao Zhu
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106.
| | - Huining Li
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260.
| | - Jian Xiao
- School of Electronic and Control Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710064, China.
| | - Wenyao Xu
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260.
| | - Ming-Chun Huang
- Department of Data and Computational Science, Duke Kunshan University, Suzhou, 215316, China.
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Cunha PM, Werneck AO, Nunes JP, Stubbs B, Schuch FB, Kunevaliki G, Zou L, Cyrino ES. Resistance training reduces depressive and anxiety symptoms in older women: a pilot study. Aging Ment Health 2022; 26:1136-1142. [PMID: 34003711 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2021.1922603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purposes of this study were to analyze the effect of resistance training (RT) on depressive and anxiety symptomsand examine the possible consequences of age, cognitive alterations, and muscular strength on such symptoms.Method: Forty-one older women (68 ± 8 years) composed a training group (TG) or a control group (CG). The TG was submitted to a supervised, progressive RT program over 12 weeks, involving eight whole-body exercises performed with three sets of 8-12 repetitions, three days per week, whereas CG remains with no intervention for the same period. Muscular strength (one-repetition maximum tests), cognitive function (Montreal Cognitive Assessment - MoCA; Verbal Fluency Tests), depression (15-item eriatric Depression Scale - GDS-15), and anxiety (Beck Anxiety Inventory - BAI) were assessed before and after the intervention period. RESULTS There were observed significant (P < 0.001) RT-induced improvements on total muscular strength (TG: pre = 122.4 ± 24.1/post = 134.3 ± 36.7; CG: pre = 105.4 ± 15.4/post = 99.2 ± 17.1) and MoCA (TG: pre =21.7 ± 4.5/post = 22.5 ± 4.7; CG: pre = 20.3 ± 3.7/post = 19.3 ± 4.1). Depressive and anxiety symptoms (even when adjusted by chronological age and changes in muscular strength or cognitive function) were reduced with RT according to GDS-15 (TG: pre = 2.26 ± 1.53/post = 1.92 ± 1.68; CG: pre =2.68 ± 1.13/post = 2.25 ± 1.18) and BAI (TG: pre = 4.07 ± 5.68/post = 2.33 ± 3.71; CG: pre = 5.18 ± 7.70/post = 9.81 ± 7.10). The time x group interactions were significant for depressive and anxiety symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that a 12-week RT program reduces depressive and anxiety symptoms, regardless of age, muscular strength, and cognition function in older women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo M Cunha
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Physical Education and Sport Center, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil
| | - André O Werneck
- Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Pedro Nunes
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Physical Education and Sport Center, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Brendon Stubbs
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.,Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Felipe B Schuch
- Department of Sports Methods and Techniques, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Kunevaliki
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Physical Education and Sport Center, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Liye Zou
- Exercise & Mental Health Laboratory. School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Edilson S Cyrino
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Physical Education and Sport Center, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil
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St-Amour S, Cailhol L, Ruocco AC, Bernard P. Acute Effect of Physical Exercise on Negative Affect in Borderline Personality Disorder: A Pilot Study. CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY IN EUROPE 2022; 4:e7495. [PMID: 36397940 PMCID: PMC9667418 DOI: 10.32872/cpe.7495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Physical exercise is an evidence-based treatment to reduce symptoms and negative affect in several psychiatric disorders, including depressive, anxiety, and psychotic disorders. However, the effect of physical exercise on negative affect in patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) has not yet been investigated. In this pilot study, we tested the safety, acceptability, and potential acute effects on negative affect of a single session of aerobic physical exercise in adults with BPD. Method After completing a negative mood induction procedure, 28 adults with BPD were randomly assigned to a 20-minute single session of stationary bicycle or a control condition (emotionally neutral video). Results No adverse effects attributed to the physical exercise were reported and it was considered acceptable to patients. Following the negative mood induction, both conditions decreased the level of negative affect with a medium effect size but there was no significant difference between them. Conclusion The results suggest that a single 20-minute session of physical exercise does not produce a reduction of negative affect in BPD. Future research should consider the duration and intensities of physical exercise with the greatest potential to reduce negative affect both acutely and in a more prolonged manner in this patient group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel St-Amour
- Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Mental Health University Institute of Montreal Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lionel Cailhol
- Mental Health University Institute of Montreal Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of psychiatry and addictology, Medicine Faculty, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anthony C. Ruocco
- Department of Psychology (Scarborough), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paquito Bernard
- Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Mental Health University Institute of Montreal Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Yu DJ, Yu AP, Leung CK, Chin EC, Fong DY, Cheng CP, Yau SY, Siu PM. Comparison of moderate and vigorous walking exercise on reducing depression in middle-aged and older adults: A pilot randomized controlled trial. Eur J Sport Sci 2022; 23:1018-1027. [PMID: 35579606 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2022.2079424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The optimal intensity of physical activity for alleviating depression in middle-aged and older adults remains unclear. The comparative effects of moderate and vigorous physical activity on reducing depression have not been directly examined. The World Health Organization (WHO) physical activity guidelines recommend adults and older adults to accumulate at least 150-300 minutes of moderate or 75-150 minutes of vigorous aerobic-type physical activity weekly or an equivalent combination of both for health benefits including reduced risk of depression. This parallel, assessor-blinded, pilot randomized controlled trial preliminarily compared the effectiveness of the minimal volume of aerobic-type physical activity at different intensities as recommended by WHO (150 minutes of moderate walking exercise and 75 minutes of vigorous walking exercise weekly) on alleviating depression in middle-aged and older adults. Middle-aged and older adults diagnosed with depression were randomized to the control group (CON), moderate walking exercise group (MOD), or vigorous walking exercise group (VIG). The exercise frequency of the moderate and vigorous walking exercise were three times a week and the intervention duration were 12 weeks. The primary outcome was the severity of depression assessed by Beck Depression Inventory. Secondary outcomes included severity of anxiety, sleep quality, quality of life, and cardiorespiratory fitness. Thirty participants completed the study (CON: n = 10, MOD: n = 10, VIG: n = 10). Participants in both MOD and VIG had significantly decreased depression severity after the intervention compared to CON (both p < 0.001). There was no significant difference between MOD and VIG (p = 0.92). Both MOD and VIG interventions also mitigated anxiety severity, improved quality of life and cardiorespiratory fitness. The minimum volume of walking exercise at either moderate or vigorous intensity was found to alleviate depression in middle-aged and older adults.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04403373..
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Affiliation(s)
- Danny J Yu
- Division of Kinesiology, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Angus P Yu
- Division of Kinesiology, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chit K Leung
- Division of Kinesiology, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Edwin C Chin
- Division of Kinesiology, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Daniel Y Fong
- School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Calvin P Cheng
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Psychiatry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Suk Y Yau
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Parco M Siu
- Division of Kinesiology, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Bendau A, Petzold M, Ströhle A. Bewegung, körperliche Aktivität und Sport bei depressiven Erkrankungen. NEUROTRANSMITTER 2022. [PMCID: PMC8852946 DOI: 10.1007/s15016-021-9343-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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30
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Meyer JD, Perkins SL, Brower CS, Lansing JE, Slocum JA, Thomas EBK, Murray TA, Lee DC, Wade NG. Feasibility of an Exercise and CBT Intervention for Treatment of Depression: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:799600. [PMID: 35599775 PMCID: PMC9115753 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.799600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression (DEP) is prevalent and current treatments are ineffective for many people. This pilot study's purpose was to assess the feasibility, acceptability, and plausible efficacy of an 8-week intervention employing 30 min of prescribed moderate intensity exercise ("ActiveCBT") compared to 30 min of usual activities ("CalmCBT") immediately prior to weekly online CBT sessions. Ten adults with DSM-5-diagnosed current DEP were randomized to groups and completed: an intake assessment, eight weekly CBT sessions, final assessment, and 3-month follow-up. ActiveCBT participants were prescribed 30-min of moderate exercise immediately prior to each standardized 50-min CBT session. CalmCBT participants continued with normal activities for 30 min before therapy. Questionnaires regarding DEP symptom severity (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 [PHQ-9]), between-session effectiveness (Behavioral Activation for Depression Survey [BADS], Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire [ATQ]), in-session effectiveness (Working Alliance Inventory-Short Revised [WAI]), and state anhedonia (Dimension Analog Rating Scale [DARS], Visual Analog Scale [VAS]; assessed 3 times: before Active/Calm condition, after, and after therapy) were completed each week. Therapy fidelity ratings were independently coded via a standardized codebook. The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 (SCID) and Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD) were used to assess DEP at intake, final, and 3-month follow-up. We found strong feasibility and acceptability (100% adherence, 100% retention at final visit, 74.6% therapy fidelity, and high patient satisfaction ratings). Differences between groups favoring ActiveCBT in anhedonia (DARS, Hedges' g = 0.92; VAS, g = 3.16), within- (WAI, g = 0.1.10), and between-session effectiveness (ATQ g = -0.65; BADS g = -1.40), suggest plausible efficacy of ActiveCBT for enhancing CBT. DEP rates were reduced in both groups from baseline to final (60% MDD SCID remission) and at follow up (Active: 40%; Calm: 25%). Larger and potentially quicker symptom improvement was found favoring the Active condition to the final visit (HAMD, between-group changes g = -1.33; PHQ-9, g = -0.62), with small differences remaining at follow-up (HAMD, g = -0.45; PHQ-9, g = -0.19). Exercise priming appears acceptable and plausibly efficacious for enhancing mechanisms of CBT and overall outcomes, though the present small sample precludes efficacy determinations. It appears feasible to conduct a randomized controlled trial comparing ActiveCBT to CalmCBT. Future trials evaluating this potentially promising treatment approach and mediating mechanisms are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob D Meyer
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Seana L Perkins
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Cassandra S Brower
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Jeni E Lansing
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Julia A Slocum
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States.,Department of Psychology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Emily B K Thomas
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Thomas A Murray
- Division of Biostatistics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Duck-Chul Lee
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Nathaniel G Wade
- Department of Psychology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
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31
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Zhang M, Chen P, Zhang Y, Su X, Chen J, Xu B, Tao J, Wang Z, Li H, Ma A. Predictors of Quality of Life in Patients With Myocardial Infarction Combined With Dyslipidemia. Front Public Health 2021; 9:713480. [PMID: 34692622 PMCID: PMC8528215 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.713480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Dyslipidemia is an important risk factor for myocardial infarction (MI). This study aimed to examine the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and its predictors of patients with MI combined with dyslipidemia in China. Methods: Information on patients' sociological characteristics, lifestyle, clinical characteristics, and quality of life were collected by electronic medical records and questionnaires. Tobit regression model was used to investigate the predictors of quality of life. Results: There were 756 patients responded. The average EQ-5D score of all the patients was 0.95 (SD: 0.11). For all patients, factors such as age, high-fat and high-cholesterol diet, sports, family history of dyslipidemia, history of peripheral artery disease significantly affected HRQoL. Conclusions: Post-discharge care of the elderly group should be paid more attention to and suggestions on the healthy lifestyle (fat control) of the patients should be encouraged to improve the quality of life of these population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengran Zhang
- School of International Pharmaceutical Business, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Pingyu Chen
- School of International Pharmaceutical Business, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Su
- Department of Cardiology, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiyan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Biao Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianhong Tao
- Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongchao Li
- School of International Pharmaceutical Business, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Aixia Ma
- School of International Pharmaceutical Business, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Impact of Long-Rope Jumping on Monoamine and Attention in Young Adults. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11101347. [PMID: 34679411 PMCID: PMC8534060 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11101347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous research has shown that rope jumping improves physical health; however, little is known about its impact on brain-derived monoamine neurotransmitters associated with cognitive regulation. To address these gaps in the literature, the present study compared outcomes between 15 healthy participants (mean age, 23.1 years) after a long-rope jumping exercise and a control condition. Long-rope jumping also requires co-operation between people, attention, spatial cognition, and rhythm sensation. Psychological questionnaires were administered to both conditions, and Stroop task performance and monoamine metabolite levels in the saliva and urine were evaluated. Participants performing the exercise exhibited lower anxiety levels than those in the control condition. Saliva analyses showed higher 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (a norepinephrine metabolite) levels, and urine analyses revealed higher 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (a serotonin metabolite) levels in the exercise condition than in the control. Importantly, urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid level correlated with salivary and urinary 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol levels in the exercise condition. Furthermore, cognitive results revealed higher Stroop performance in the exercise condition than in the control condition; this performance correlated with salivary 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol levels. These results indicate an association between increased 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol and attention in long-rope jumping. We suggest that long-rope jumping predicts central norepinephrinergic activation and related attention maintenance.
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Acute aerobic exercise enhances cortical connectivity between structures involved in shaping mood and improves self-reported mood: An EEG effective-connectivity study in young male adults. Int J Psychophysiol 2021; 162:22-33. [PMID: 33508334 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2021.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
There seems to be a general consensus among researchers that acute aerobic exercise (exercise hereafter) improves mood, but the neural mechanisms which drive these effects are far from being clear. The current study investigated the cortical connectivity patterns that underlie changes in mood after exercise. Twenty male adults underwent three different experimental protocols that were carefully controlled in terms of underlying metabolism and were administered in a randomized order: moderate-intensity continuous exercise, high-intensity interval exercise, and seated rest condition. Before and after each experimental protocol, we collected data on the participants' mood using the UMACL questionnaire and recorded their resting-state EEG. We focused on the effective connectivity patterns exerted by the dorso-lateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) over the temporal region (TMP), as these are important cortical structures involved in shaping mood. The cortical connectivity patterns in the resting-state EEG were evaluated using the directed transfer function (DTF), which is an autoregressive effective connectivity method. The results showed that both moderate-intensity exercise and high-intensity interval exercise improved participants' self-reported mood. Crucially, this improvement was accompanied by stronger influences of dlPFC over TMP. The observed changes in the effective connectivity patterns between dlPFC and TMP might help to better understand the effects of exercise on mood.
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St-Amour S, Cailhol L, Ruocco AC, Bernard P. Could physical exercise be an effective treatment for adults with borderline personality disorder? Psychiatry Res 2021; 295:113625. [PMID: 33302133 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S St-Amour
- Université du Québec à Montréal, Physical activity sciences department, Montreal, QC, Canada; Mental Health University Institute of Montreal Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - L Cailhol
- Mental Health University Institute of Montreal Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - A C Ruocco
- University of Toronto, Department of Psychology (Scarborough), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - P Bernard
- Université du Québec à Montréal, Physical activity sciences department, Montreal, QC, Canada; Mental Health University Institute of Montreal Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
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35
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Luo L, Song N, Yang H, Huang J, Zhou L, Zhang L. Intervention Effect of Long-Term Aerobic Training on Anxiety, Depression, and Sleep Quality of Middle School Students With Depression After COVID-19. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:720833. [PMID: 34733186 PMCID: PMC8558258 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.720833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To explore the effects of using RPE exercise intensity monitoring methods and 12-week mid- and low-intensity team aerobic training on anxiety, depression and sleep quality of depressed middle school students after the COVID-19 epidemic. Methods: All study participants were all from a boarding middle school in Chongqing, China. All study participants were screened by the self-rating depression scale and reached the diagnostic criteria for depression. The study subjects were divided into a control group (N = 35) and an exercise group (N = 34). The exercise group performed 30-min night aerobic running four times a week. Use the Borg 6-20 rating of perceived exertion scale (RPE) as a monitoring tool for exercise intensity, and control the exercise intensity at RPE = 11-14. And the control group studied and lived normally. The experiment lasted 12 weeks in total. After the experiment, there were 34 people in the control group and 23 people in the exercise group. The subjects' anxiety, depression and Pittsburgh sleep quality were scored before and after the experiment. Results: After intervention, the depression index (p < 0.01) of the exercise group was significantly lower than that of the control group. Conclusion: Using the RPE exercise intensity monitoring method for 12 weeks of mid- and low-intensity team aerobic training can improve the depressive symptoms of depressed middle school students, and it is beneficial to improve the students' mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Luo
- College of Physical Education, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China.,Basic Education Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,East China Normal University-Zhongxu Postdoctoral Workstation, Shanghai, China
| | - Naiqing Song
- Basic Education Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,East China Normal University-Zhongxu Postdoctoral Workstation, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Zhongxu School Affiliated to East China Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - JiaHong Huang
- College of Physical Education, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ling Zhou
- College of Physical Education, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
| | - Liping Zhang
- College of Physical Education, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
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Xie Y, Wu Z, Sun L, Zhou L, Wang G, Xiao L, Wang H. The Effects and Mechanisms of Exercise on the Treatment of Depression. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:705559. [PMID: 34803752 PMCID: PMC8602192 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.705559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: It is necessary to seek alternative therapies for depression, because side effects of medications lead to poor adherence and some patients do not achieve a clinical treatment effect. Recently the role of exercise as a low-cost and easy-to-use treatment for depression has gained attention with a number of studies showing that exercise is effective at reducing depressive symptoms and improving body functions such as cardiorespiratory system and cognitive function. Because of the heterogeneity of exercise therapy programs, there is no standardized and unified program. Few studies have summarized the specific properties of exercise programs (type, intensity, duration, and frequency) and clinical prescriptions for exercise are not mentioned in most articles. Aims: This study aimed to investigate the feasibility and efficacy of exercise therapy for patients with depression, in order to appraise the evidence and outline accepted guidelines to direct individualized treatment plans for patients with depression based on their individual situations. Methods: A systematic review of English language literature including papers published from 2010 to present in PubMed was performed. Given the feasibility of prescribing exercise therapy for patients with depression, nearly 3 years of clinical studies on the treatments of depressive symptoms with exercise were first reviewed, comparing the exercise programs utilized. Conclusions: Exercise has therapeutic effects on depression in all age groups (mostly 18-65 years old), as a single therapy, an adjuvant therapy, or a combination therapy, and the benefits of exercise therapy are comparable to traditional treatments for depression. Moderate intensity exercise is enough to reduce depressive symptoms, but higher-dose exercise is better for overall functioning. Exercise therapy has become more widely used because of its benefits to the cardiovascular system, emotional state, and systemic functions. Recommendations: Aerobic exercise/mind-body exercise (3-5 sessions per week with moderate intensity lasting for 4-16 weeks) is recommended. Individualized protocols in the form of group exercise with supervision are effective at increasing adherence to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Xie
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zuotian Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Limin Sun
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Gaohua Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ling Xiao
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huiling Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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McMahon J, Chazot P. Dance and Parkinson's: Biological perspective and rationale. LIFESTYLE MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/lim2.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul Chazot
- Department of Biosciences Durham University Durham UK
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Hobbins L, Girard O, Gaoua N, Hunter S. Acute psycho-physiological responses to perceptually regulated hypoxic and normoxic interval walks in overweight-to-obese adults. J Sci Med Sport 2020; 24:481-487. [PMID: 33281095 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2020.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We investigated psycho-physiological responses to perceptually regulated interval walks in hypoxia versus normoxia in obese individuals. DESIGN Within-participants repeated measures. METHODS Ten obese adults (BMI=32±3kg/m-2) completed a 60-min interval session (15×2min walking at a rating of perceived exertion of 14 on the 6-20 Borg scale with 2min of rest) either in hypoxia (FiO2=13.0%, HYP) or normoxia (NOR). A third trial replicating the HYP speed pattern was carried out in normoxia as a control (CON). Exercise responses were analysed comparing the average of 1st to 3rd exercise bouts to those of the 4th-6th, 7th-9th, 10th-12th and 13th-15th exercise bouts (block 1 versus 2, 3, 4 and 5). RESULTS Treadmill speed was slower during block 4 (6.14±0.67 versus 6.24±0.73km/h-1) and block 5 (6.12±0.64 versus 6.25±0.75km/h-1) in HYP compared to NOR or CON (p=0.009). Compared to NOR and CON, heart rate was +6-10% higher (p=0.001), whilst arterial oxygen saturation (-12-13%) was lower (p<0.001) in HYP. Perceived limb discomfort was lower in HYP and CON versus NOR (-21±4% and -34±6%; p=0.004). CONCLUSIONS In overweight-to-obese adults, perceptually regulated interval walks in hypoxia versus normoxia leads to progressively slower speeds along with lower limb discomfort and larger physiological stress than normoxia. Walking at the speed adopted in hypoxia produces similar psycho-physiological responses at the same absolute intensity in normoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam Hobbins
- Sport and Exercise Science Research Centre (SESRC), London South Bank University, United Kingdom
| | - Olivier Girard
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), The University of Western Australia, Australia.
| | - Nadia Gaoua
- Sport and Exercise Science Research Centre (SESRC), London South Bank University, United Kingdom
| | - Steve Hunter
- Sport and Exercise Science Research Centre (SESRC), London South Bank University, United Kingdom
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Effects of body weight-supported treadmill training at different speeds on the motor function and depressive behaviors after spinal cord injury in rats. Neuroreport 2020; 31:1265-1273. [DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Battalio SL, Huffman SE, Jensen MP. Longitudinal associations between physical activity, anxiety, and depression in adults with long-term physical disabilities. Health Psychol 2020; 39:529-538. [PMID: 32202825 PMCID: PMC8439002 DOI: 10.1037/hea0000848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the longitudinal associations between self-reported physical activity and anxiety and depression symptom severity in adults with long-term physical disabilities. METHOD A secondary analysis of data from a United States-based longitudinal survey study of community-dwelling adults with 1 of 4 potential long-term physical disabilities (multiple sclerosis, muscular dystrophy, spinal cord injury, postpoliomyelitis syndrome). The first time point (T1) for the current study was completed by 1,594 participants. The second survey (T2) was sent 1 year later, and the third (T3) was sent 3 years later; each were completed by 1,380 and 1,218 participants, respectively. At each time point, participants completed a measure of physical activity (Godin Leisure Time Exercise Questionnaire) and Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement System short forms evaluating depression and anxiety severity. RESULTS Mixed growth curve models showed greater quantities of physical activity were associated with decreases in both depression (χ2(2) = 84.01, p < .001) and anxiety (χ2(2) = 21.66, p < .001) symptom severity over the 4-year period. However, while greater quantities of moderate (anxiety z = -2.24, p < .05; depression z = -5.48, p < .001) and strenuous (anxiety z = -2.59, p < .05; depression z = -3.90, p < .001) physical activity were significantly associated with decreases in negative affect, mild physical activity was not. CONCLUSION The current study provides evidence that physical activity is longitudinally associated with anxious and depressive symptoms in adults with long-term physical disabilities. Future research should examine the quantities and intensities of physical activity necessary to impart psychological benefits. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
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Cooper SL. PROMOTING PHYSICAL ACTIVITY FOR MENTAL WELL-BEING. ACSM'S HEALTH & FITNESS JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1249/fit.0000000000000569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Zheng X, Chen J, Guo Y, Xiong Q, Hu Y, Shi S, Li C, Yu Q. The buffer effect of physical activity: Why does parental marital satisfaction affect adolescents' problematic Internet use. Addict Behav Rep 2020; 11:100271. [PMID: 32300636 PMCID: PMC7152658 DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2020.100271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Marital satisfaction negatively predicted adolescents' problematic internet use (PIU). Depression mediated the relationship between marital satisfaction and PIU. The mediating effect was significant for individuals with low physical activity. The mediating effect was not significant for individuals with high physical activity.
Introduction To explore the moderating effect of physical activity and the mediating effect of depression on the relationship between marital satisfaction and adolescents’ problematic internet use (PIU). Methods This study adopted a sample of 288 adolescents and their parents, and measured adolescents’ depression, PIU, physical activity, and parents’ marital satisfaction. Results These results showed that parental marital satisfaction negatively predicted adolescents' PIU. Adolescents’ depression played a mediating role between parental marital satisfaction and adolescents’ PIU. Further mediated moderation effect analysis showed that the interaction between marital satisfaction and adolescents' physical activity affected the PIU through adolescents’ depression. Specifically, for individuals with lower physical activity, the marital satisfaction affected the PIU through adolescents' depression. However, for the group with higher physical activity, physical activity weakened the effects of marital satisfaction on adolescents' depression, and the mediating effect of depression did not reach a significant level. Conclusion These results are of theoretical and practical significance in understanding and intervening to address adolescents' PIU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintong Zheng
- Graduate School of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No 1037 Luoyu Rd, Hongshan District, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Jianwen Chen
- Graduate School of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No 1037 Luoyu Rd, Hongshan District, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Yafei Guo
- Department of Business Administration, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Qing Xiong
- Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics, China
| | - Yiqiu Hu
- School of Educational Science, Hunan Normal University, No 36. Lushan Road, Yuelu District, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Shuping Shi
- RDFZ Chaoyang Branch School, No. 8 Taiyanggong Nanlin st, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Congcong Li
- School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, No 152 Luoyu Rd, Hongshan District Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Quanlei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (CCNU), Ministry of Education, School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Central China Normal University Branch, Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment Toward Basic Education Quality, No 152 Luoyu Rd, Hongshan District Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
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Perez ML, Raison CL, Coe CL, Cook DB, Meyer JD. Cytokine responses across submaximal exercise intensities in women with major depressive disorder. Brain Behav Immun Health 2020; 2:100046. [PMID: 34589833 PMCID: PMC8474480 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2020.100046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with chronic inflammation. Exercise training can treat depression in adults with MDD, potentially through reducing inflammatory activity. This improvement may occur through adaptations to repeated acute inflammatory responses. Cytokine responses to acute steady-state exercise of varying intensities were determined in women with different levels of depression. METHODS This analysis included 19 women with MDD who each participated in four sessions consisting of 30 min of quiet rest, light, moderate, or hard intensity exercise. Blood samples were collected pre- and within 10 min post-session. Changes in the levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNF were evaluated in each session. RESULTS Serum concentrations of IL-6, IL-8 and TNF were all significantly elevated following vigorous exercise (i.e., hard) compared to the quiet rest session. No changes in cytokine levels occurred after light and moderate exercise. Depression severity did not appear to influence the acute inflammatory response to exercise. LIMITATIONS The sample size was small, all female, and from a secondary data analysis, which limits the generalizability of the findings. CONCLUSIONS Repeat, acute increases in inflammatory activity following hard exercise sessions may prompt adaptations and lead to reductions in chronic inflammation over time. This dose-response study identified an exercise intensity threshold to induce acute inflammatory responses in women with MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria L. Perez
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Charles L. Raison
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Christopher L. Coe
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Dane B. Cook
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jacob D. Meyer
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
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Acute effects of Pilates on mood states among young adult males. Complement Ther Med 2020; 49:102313. [PMID: 32147061 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2020.102313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence supports positive effects of acute exercise on mood states. Non-traditional exercise modalities, including Pilates, remain understudied, particularly among males. This study examined mood state responses to a single Pilates bout among young adult males, and explored if responses differed according to analogue Generalized Anxiety Disorder (AGAD) or depression status, or physical activity level. METHODS Eighty-seven young adult males completed 30-min of mat-based Pilates. Outcomes included state anxiety, worry, feelings of tension, depressed mood, anger, energy and fatigue, and total mood disturbance (TMD). Paired samples t-tests compared pre- and post-session means within the group; magnitude of change was quantified with standardized mean differences. Two condition X two time repeated measures ANOVA examined outcome differences according to AGAD and depression status, and physical activity level. RESULTS Acute Pilates significantly reduced state anxiety, feelings of fatigue, and TMD, and significantly increased feelings of energy (allp ≤ 0.007). Small-to-moderate effect sizes were found for state anxiety, feelings of energy and fatigue, and TMD (all d = 0.22-0.51). Pilates resulted in significant improvements in state anxiety, feelings of fatigue and energy, and TMD among participants with AGAD (n = 28) (all d = 0.10-0.32, p < 0.007) and depressed (n=41) participants (all d = 0.01-0.19, p < 0.008). CONCLUSIONS Notwithstanding potential limitations, including the absence of a control group and a lack of follow-up beyond immediate effects, this is the first report to support potential positive mood state responses to an acute bout of Pilates among young adult males. Findings varied based on analogue GAD and depression statuses, and physical activity level.
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Meyer JD, Crombie KM, Cook DB, Hillard CJ, Koltyn KF. Serum Endocannabinoid and Mood Changes after Exercise in Major Depressive Disorder. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2020; 51:1909-1917. [PMID: 30973483 PMCID: PMC6727944 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental digital content is available in the text. The endocannabinoid (eCB) system is implicated in the pathophysiology of depression and is responsive to acute exercise in healthy adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob D Meyer
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA
| | - Kevin M Crombie
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison WI
| | - Dane B Cook
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison WI.,Research Service, William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI
| | - Cecilia J Hillard
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Neuroscience Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Kelli F Koltyn
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison WI
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46
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Donia SA, Allison DJ, Gammage KL, Ditor DS. The effects of acute aerobic exercise on mood and inflammation in individuals with multiple sclerosis and incomplete spinal cord injury. NeuroRehabilitation 2019; 45:117-124. [PMID: 31450521 DOI: 10.3233/nre-192773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinal cord injury (SCI) and multiple sclerosis (MS) are associated with increased risks of depression. Acute exercise may improve mood in these populations via its affect on inflammation. OBJECTIVE To determine if acute exercise can positively affect mood in individuals with SCI and MS, and whether exercise-induced changes in inflammation contribute to such improvements. METHODS Thirteen participants completed 30 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise. Mood data (POMS questionnaire) and blood samples were taken before and after exercise, and blood was analyzed for inflammatory mediators and kynurenine pathway metabolites. RESULTS There was a significant reduction in total mood disturbance (TMD) pre to post-exercise, and pre to one-hour post-exercise. There was a significant decrease in TNF-α from pre to post-exercise, with further reductions one-hour post-exercise. There were no correlations between changes in TMD and changes in inflammation. However, changes in certain cytokines showed significant or trending correlations with changes in subsets of the POMS. Likewise, there was a trend for a correlation between exercise-induced changes in KYN/TRP and depression (p = 0.096). CONCLUSIONS Acute exercise can positively affect mood after SCI and MS, and this change may be partially accounted for by exercise-induced changes in inflammation. This relationship may be, in part, kynurenine pathway-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A Donia
- Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada.,Brock-Niagara Centre for Health and Well-being, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
| | - David J Allison
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Kimberley L Gammage
- Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada.,Brock-Niagara Centre for Health and Well-being, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
| | - David S Ditor
- Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada.,Brock-Niagara Centre for Health and Well-being, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
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Svensson M, Brundin L, Erhardt S, Madaj Z, Hållmarker U, James S, Deierborg T. Long distance ski racing is associated with lower long-term incidence of depression in a population based, large-scale study. Psychiatry Res 2019; 281:112546. [PMID: 31622872 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2019.112546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Physical activity has been proposed to be beneficial for prevention of depression, although the importance of exercise intensity, sex-specific mechanisms, and duration of the effects need to be clarified. Using an observational study design, following 395,369 individuals up to 21 years we studied whether participation in an ultralong-distance cross-country ski race was associated with lower risk of developing depression. Skiers (participants in the race) and matched non-skiers from the general population (non-participants in the race) were studied after participation (same year for non-participation) in the race using the Swedish population and patient registries. The risk of depression in skiers (n = 197,685, median age 36 years, 38% women) was significantly lower, to nearly half of that in non-skiers (adjusted hazard ratio, HR 0.53) over the follow-up period. Further, a higher fitness level (measured as the finishing time to complete the race, a proxy for higher exercise dose) was associated with lower incidence of depression in men (adjusted HR 0.65), but not in women. Our results support the recommendations of engaging in physical activity as a preventive strategy decreasing the risk for depression in both men and women. Furthermore, the exercise could reduce risk for depression in a dose-dependent matter, in particular in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Svensson
- Experimental Neuroinflammation Laboratory, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, BMC B11, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.
| | - Lena Brundin
- Center for Neurodegenerative Sciences, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, United States
| | - Sophie Erhardt
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zachary Madaj
- Center for Neurodegenerative Sciences, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, United States
| | - Ulf Hållmarker
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Internal Medicine, Mora hospital, Mora, Sweden
| | - Stefan James
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tomas Deierborg
- Experimental Neuroinflammation Laboratory, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, BMC B11, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.
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Gultyaeva VV, Zinchenko MI, Uryumtsev DY, Krivoshchekov SG, Aftanas LI. [Exercise for depression treatment. Exercise modalities and types]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2019; 119:136-142. [PMID: 31626231 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro2019119091136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The risk of metabolic disorders, including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, is increased in depression, there is a decrease in life expectancy by 8-10 years. Pharmacotherapy is the first-line method in the treatment of depression. However, pharmaceutical-related side-effects and resistance to antidepressant pharmacotherapy create serious problems in treatment. Regular exercise not only weakens the symptoms of depression, increases aerobic capacity and muscle strength, but also has a positive effect on comorbid diseases. The purpose of this review is to answer the question, on which parameters of exercise the antidepressant effect depends. The review highlights the results of clinical studies of different types of exercises, intensities and modalities for the treatment of depression over the past 10 years. Because of the contradictory results of the studies, it is impossible to make final conclusions regarding the parameters of exercise. It is possible to say with high probability that in the treatment of depression, moderate and intense aerobic exercises with elements of strength exercises and a variety of coordination exercises more often lead to a positive effect than monotonous exercises with low intensity. It is possible that regular patient adherence to the prescribed exercise regimen is more important than the specific exercise type.
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Affiliation(s)
- V V Gultyaeva
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution 'Scientific Research Institute of Physiology and Basic Medicine', Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - M I Zinchenko
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution 'Scientific Research Institute of Physiology and Basic Medicine', Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - D Yu Uryumtsev
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution 'Scientific Research Institute of Physiology and Basic Medicine', Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - S G Krivoshchekov
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution 'Scientific Research Institute of Physiology and Basic Medicine', Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - L I Aftanas
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution 'Scientific Research Institute of Physiology and Basic Medicine', Novosibirsk, Russia
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49
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Aerobic Training Performed at Ventilatory Threshold Improves Psychological Outcomes in Adolescents With Obesity. J Phys Act Health 2019; 16:851-856. [PMID: 31357259 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2018-0193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity may be as effective as some drugs for improving psychological outcomes; however, vigorous exercise may be needed for improving these outcomes in adolescents with obesity. The aim of this study is to examine the effects of low- and high-intensity training on self-esteem and symptoms of depression and anxiety in adolescents with obesity. METHODS A total of 62 pubertal adolescents with obesity (age 15 [1.5] y, body mass index 34.87 [4.22] kg/m2) were randomized into high-intensity group (HIG, n = 31) or low-intensity group (LIG, n = 31) for 24 weeks. All participants also received nutritional, psychological, and clinical counseling. Body composition and measures of depressive symptoms, anxiety, and self-esteem were assessed at baseline and after 24 weeks. RESULTS Depressive symptoms decreased significantly in both HIG (d = 1.16) and LIG (d = 0.45) (P ≤ .01). Trait anxiety decreased after 24 weeks for HIG (d = 0.81, P = .002) and LIG (d = 0.31, P = .002). No changes were observed in state anxiety or self-esteem. CONCLUSIONS Results from the present study demonstrate that 24 weeks of multidisciplinary intervention improves depression and anxiety symptoms in adolescents with obesity; however, the magnitude of changes is higher in HIG compared with LIG.
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Wosinska L, Cotter PD, O'Sullivan O, Guinane C. The Potential Impact of Probiotics on the Gut Microbiome of Athletes. Nutrients 2019; 11:E2270. [PMID: 31546638 PMCID: PMC6835687 DOI: 10.3390/nu11102270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
There is accumulating evidence that physical fitness influences the gut microbiome and as a result, promotes health. Indeed, exercise-induced alterations in the gut microbiome can influence health parameters crucial to athletic performance, specifically, immune function, lower susceptibility to infection, inflammatory response and tissue repair. Consequently, maintenance of a healthy gut microbiome is essential for an athlete's health, training and performance. This review explores the effect of exercise on the microbiome while also investigating the effect of probiotics on various potential consequences associated with over-training in athletes, as well as their associated health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Wosinska
- Department of Biological Sciences, Cork Institute of Technology, Bishopstown, T12 P928 Cork, Ireland.
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, P61 C996 Cork, Ireland.
- APC Microbiome Ireland, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland.
| | - Paul D Cotter
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, P61 C996 Cork, Ireland.
- APC Microbiome Ireland, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland.
| | - Orla O'Sullivan
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, P61 C996 Cork, Ireland.
- APC Microbiome Ireland, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland.
| | - Caitriona Guinane
- Department of Biological Sciences, Cork Institute of Technology, Bishopstown, T12 P928 Cork, Ireland.
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