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Nguyen DV, Yuan Y, Kukumberg M, Wang L, Lim SH, Hassanbhai AM, Chong M, Kofidis T, Tan ECK, Seliktar D, Kang L, Rufaihah AJ. Controlled release of vancomycin from PEGylated fibrinogen polyethylene glycol diacrylate hydrogel. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 161:213896. [PMID: 38795473 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2024.213896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
Surgical site infection (SSI) is a common issue post-surgery which often prolongs hospitalization and can lead to serious complications such as sternal wound infection following cardiac surgery via median sternotomy. Controlled release of suitable antibiotics could allow maximizing drug efficacy and safety, and therefore achieving a desired therapeutic response. In this study, we have developed a vancomycin laden PEGylated fibrinogen-polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PF-PEGDA) hydrogel system that can release vancomycin at a controlled and predictable rate to be applied in SSI prevention. Two configurations were developed to study effect of the hydrogel on drug release, namely, vancomycin laden hydrogel and vancomycin solution on top of blank hydrogel. The relationship between the rigidity of the hydrogel and drug diffusion was found to comply with a universal power law, i.e., softer hydrogels result in a greater diffusion coefficient hence faster release rate. Besides, vancomycin laden hydrogels exhibited burst release, whereas the vancomycin solution on top of blank hydrogels exhibited lag release. A mathematical model was developed to simulate vancomycin permeation through the hydrogels. The permeation of vancomycin can be predicted accurately by using the mathematical model, which provided a useful tool to customize drug loading, hydrogel thickness and stiffness for personalized medication to manage SSI. To evaluate the potential of hydrogels for bone healing applications in cardiovascular medicine, we performed a proof-of-concept median sternotomy in rabbits and applied the hydrogels. The hydrogel formulations accelerated the onset of osteo-genetic processes in rabbits, demonstrating its potential to be used in human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duc-Viet Nguyen
- Nusmetics Pte Ltd., 3791 Jalan Bukit Merah, E-Centre@Redhill, Singapore 159471, Singapore
| | - Yunong Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Pharmacy and Bank Building A15, Science Road, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Marek Kukumberg
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block, Level 8, Singapore 119228, Singapore; Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block, Level 12, Singapore 119228, Singapore; Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Lingxin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Pharmacy and Bank Building A15, Science Road, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Seng Han Lim
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, 18 Science Drive 4, Block S4A, Level 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Ammar Mansoor Hassanbhai
- Osteopore International Pte Ltd, 2 Tukang Innovation Grove #09-06, MedTech Hub, Singapore 618305, Singapore
| | - Mark Chong
- College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 5 Engineering Drive 2, Block E2A, #04-05, Singapore 117579, Singapore
| | - Theodoros Kofidis
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block, Level 8, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Edwin C K Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Pharmacy and Bank Building A15, Science Road, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Dror Seliktar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Lifeng Kang
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Pharmacy and Bank Building A15, Science Road, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Abdul Jalil Rufaihah
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block, Level 8, Singapore 119228, Singapore; School of Applied Science, Temasek Polytechnic, 21 Tampines Avenue 1, Block 8, Level 3, Singapore 529757, Singapore.
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Biomanufacturing Recombinantly Expressed Cripto-1 Protein in Anchorage-Dependent Mammalian Cells Growing in Suspension Bioreactors within a Three-Dimensional Hydrogel Microcarrier. Gels 2023; 9:gels9030243. [PMID: 36975692 PMCID: PMC10048735 DOI: 10.3390/gels9030243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Biotherapeutic soluble proteins that are recombinantly expressed in mammalian cells can pose a challenge when biomanufacturing in three-dimensional (3D) suspension culture systems. Herein, we tested a 3D hydrogel microcarrier for a suspension culture of HEK293 cells overexpressing recombinant Cripto-1 protein. Cripto-1 is an extracellular protein that is involved in developmental processes and has recently been reported to have therapeutic effects in alleviating muscle injury and diseases by regulating muscle regeneration through satellite cell progression toward the myogenic lineage. Cripto-overexpressing HEK293 cell lines were cultured in microcarriers made from poly (ethylene glycol)-fibrinogen (PF) hydrogels, which provided the 3D substrate for cell growth and protein production in stirred bioreactors. The PF microcarriers were designed with sufficient strength to resist hydrodynamic deterioration and biodegradation associated with suspension culture in stirred bioreactors for up to 21 days. The yield of purified Cripto-1 obtained using the 3D PF microcarriers was significantly higher than that obtained with a two-dimensional (2D) culture system. The bioactivity of the 3D-produced Cripto-1 was equivalent to commercially available Cripto-1 in terms of an ELISA binding assay, a muscle cell proliferation assay, and a myogenic differentiation assay. Taken together, these data indicate that 3D microcarriers made from PF can be combined with mammalian cell expression systems to improve the biomanufacturing of protein-based therapeutics for muscle injuries.
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Tripathi S, Mandal SS, Bauri S, Maiti P. 3D bioprinting and its innovative approach for biomedical applications. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e194. [PMID: 36582305 PMCID: PMC9790048 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
3D bioprinting or additive manufacturing is an emerging innovative technology revolutionizing the field of biomedical applications by combining engineering, manufacturing, art, education, and medicine. This process involved incorporating the cells with biocompatible materials to design the required tissue or organ model in situ for various in vivo applications. Conventional 3D printing is involved in constructing the model without incorporating any living components, thereby limiting its use in several recent biological applications. However, this uses additional biological complexities, including material choice, cell types, and their growth and differentiation factors. This state-of-the-art technology consciously summarizes different methods used in bioprinting and their importance and setbacks. It also elaborates on the concept of bioinks and their utility. Biomedical applications such as cancer therapy, tissue engineering, bone regeneration, and wound healing involving 3D printing have gained much attention in recent years. This article aims to provide a comprehensive review of all the aspects associated with 3D bioprinting, from material selection, technology, and fabrication to applications in the biomedical fields. Attempts have been made to highlight each element in detail, along with the associated available reports from recent literature. This review focuses on providing a single platform for cancer and tissue engineering applications associated with 3D bioprinting in the biomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swikriti Tripathi
- School of Material Science and TechnologyIndian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University)VaranasiIndia
| | - Subham Shekhar Mandal
- School of Material Science and TechnologyIndian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University)VaranasiIndia
| | - Sudepta Bauri
- School of Material Science and TechnologyIndian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University)VaranasiIndia
| | - Pralay Maiti
- School of Material Science and TechnologyIndian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University)VaranasiIndia
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4
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Cohen SA, Bar-Am O, Fuoco C, Saar G, Gargioli C, Seliktar D. In vivo restoration of dystrophin expression in mdx mice using intra-muscular and intra-arterial injections of hydrogel microsphere carriers of exon skipping antisense oligonucleotides. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:779. [PMID: 36085138 PMCID: PMC9463190 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05166-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a genetic disease caused by a mutation in the X-linked Dytrophin gene preventing the expression of the functional protein. Exon skipping therapy using antisense oligonucleotides (AONs) is a promising therapeutic strategy for DMD. While benefits of AON therapy have been demonstrated, some challenges remain before this strategy can be applied more comprehensively to DMD patients. These include instability of AONs due to low nuclease resistance and poor tissue uptake. Delivery systems have been examined to improve the availability and stability of oligonucleotide drugs, including polymeric carriers. Previously, we showed the potential of a hydrogel-based polymeric carrier in the form of injectable PEG-fibrinogen (PF) microspheres for delivery of chemically modified 2'-O-methyl phosphorothioate (2OMePs) AONs. The PF microspheres proved to be cytocompatible and provided sustained release of the AONs for several weeks, causing increased cellular uptake in mdx dystrophic mouse cells. Here, we further investigated this delivery strategy by examining in vivo efficacy of this approach. The 2OMePS/PEI polyplexes loaded in PF microspheres were delivered by intramuscular (IM) or intra-femoral (IF) injections. We examined the carrier biodegradation profiles, AON uptake efficiency, dystrophin restoration, and muscle histopathology. Both administration routes enhanced dystrophin restoration and improved the histopathology of the mdx mice muscles. The IF administration of the microspheres improved the efficacy of the 2OMePS AONs over the IM administration. This was demonstrated by a higher exon skipping percentage and a smaller percentage of centered nucleus fibers (CNF) found in H&E-stained muscles. The restoration of dystrophin expression found for both IM and IF treatments revealed a reduced dystrophic phenotype of the treated muscles. The study concludes that injectable PF microspheres can be used as a carrier system to improve the overall therapeutic outcomes of exon skipping-based therapy for treating DMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shani Attias Cohen
- grid.6451.60000000121102151Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Technion–Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Orit Bar-Am
- grid.6451.60000000121102151Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Technion–Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Claudia Fuoco
- grid.6530.00000 0001 2300 0941Department of Biology, Rome University Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Galit Saar
- grid.6451.60000000121102151Biomedical Core Facility, Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Cesare Gargioli
- grid.6530.00000 0001 2300 0941Department of Biology, Rome University Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Dror Seliktar
- grid.6451.60000000121102151Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Technion–Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
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Suntornnond R, Ng WL, Huang X, Yeow CHE, Yeong WY. Improving printability of hydrogel-based bio-inks for thermal inkjet bioprinting applications via saponification and heat treatment processes. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:5989-6000. [PMID: 35876487 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb00442a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Material jetting bioprinting is a highly promising three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting technique that facilitates drop-on-demand (DOD) deposition of biomaterials and cells at pre-defined positions with high precision and resolution. A major challenge that hinders the prevalent use of the material jetting bioprinting technique is due to its limited range of printable hydrogel-based bio-inks. As a proof-of-concept, further modifications were made to gelatin methacrylate (GelMA), a gold-standard bio-ink, to improve its printability in a thermal inkjet bioprinter (HP Inc. D300e Digital Dispenser). A two-step modification process comprising saponification and heat treatment was performed; the GelMA bio-ink was first modified via a saponification process under highly alkali conditions to obtain saponified GelMA (SP-GelMA), followed by heat treatment via an autoclaving process to obtain heat-treated SP-GelMA (HSP-GelMA). The bio-ink modification process was optimized by evaluating the material properties of the GelMA bio-inks via rheological characterization, the bio-ink crosslinking test, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and the material swelling ratio after different numbers of heat treatment cycles (0, 1, 2 and 3 cycles). Lastly, size-exclusion chromatography with multi-angle light scattering (SEC-MALS) was performed to determine the effect of heat treatment on the molecular weight of the bio-inks. In this work, the 4% H2SP-GelMA bio-inks (after 2 heat treatment cycles) demonstrated good printability and biocompatibility (in terms of cell viability and proliferation profile). Furthermore, thermal inkjet bioprinting of the modified hydrogel-based bio-ink (a two-step modification process comprising saponification and heat treatment) via direct/indirect cell patterning is a facile approach for potential fundamental cell-cell and cell-material interaction studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratima Suntornnond
- HP-NTU Digital Manufacturing Corporate Lab, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), 65 Nanyang Avenue, 637460, Singapore.
| | - Wei Long Ng
- HP-NTU Digital Manufacturing Corporate Lab, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), 65 Nanyang Avenue, 637460, Singapore.
| | - Xi Huang
- HP-NTU Digital Manufacturing Corporate Lab, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), 65 Nanyang Avenue, 637460, Singapore.
| | - Chuen Herh Ethan Yeow
- HP-NTU Digital Manufacturing Corporate Lab, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), 65 Nanyang Avenue, 637460, Singapore.
| | - Wai Yee Yeong
- HP-NTU Digital Manufacturing Corporate Lab, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), 65 Nanyang Avenue, 637460, Singapore. .,Singapore Centre for 3D Printing (SC3DP), School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
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Cohen T, Kossover O, Peled E, Bick T, Hasanov L, Chun TT, Cool S, Lewinson D, Seliktar D. A combined cell and growth factor delivery for the repair of a critical size tibia defect using biodegradable hydrogel implants. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2022; 16:380-395. [PMID: 35119200 PMCID: PMC9303443 DOI: 10.1002/term.3285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The ability to repair critical‐sized long‐bone injuries using growth factor and cell delivery was investigated using hydrogel biomaterials. Physiological doses of the recombinant human bone morphogenic protein‐2 (rhBMP2) were delivered in a sustained manner from a biodegradable hydrogel containing peripheral human blood‐derived endothelial progenitor cells (hEPCs). The biodegradable implants made from polyethylene glycol (PEG) and denatured fibrinogen (PEG‐fibrinogen, PF) were loaded with 7.7 μg/ml of rhBMP2 and 2.5 × 106 cells/ml hEPCs. The safety and efficacy of the implant were tested in a rodent model of a critical‐size long‐bone defect. The hydrogel implants were formed ex‐situ and placed into defects in the tibia of athymic nude rats and analyzed for bone repair after 13 weeks following surgery. The hydrogels containing a combination of 7.7 μg/ml of rhBMP2 and 2.5 × 106 cells/ml hEPCs were compared to control hydrogels containing 7.7 μg/ml of rhBMP2 only, 2.5 × 106 cells/ml hEPCs only, or bare hydrogels. Assessments of bone repair include histological analysis, bone formation at the site of implantation using quantitative microCT, and assessment of implant degradation. New bone formation was detected in all treated animals, with the highest amounts found in the treatments that included animals that combined the PF implant with rhBMP2. Moreover, statistically significant increases in the tissue mineral density (TMD), trabecular number and trabecular thickness were observed in defects treated with rhBMP2 compared to non‐rhBMP2 defects. New bone formation was significantly higher in the hEPC‐treated defects compared to bare hydrogel defects, but there were no significant differences in new bone formation, trabecular number, trabecular thickness or TMD at 13 weeks when comparing the rhBMP2 + hEPCs‐treated defects to rhBMP2‐treated defects. The study concludes that the bone regeneration using hydrogel implants containing hEPCs are overshadowed by enhanced osteogenesis associated with sustained delivery of rhBMP2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talia Cohen
- The Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Olga Kossover
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Eli Peled
- The Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Tova Bick
- The Institute of Research of Bone Healing, the Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Lena Hasanov
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Tan Tuan Chun
- Glycotherapeutics Group, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Simon Cool
- Glycotherapeutics Group, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dina Lewinson
- The Institute of Research of Bone Healing, the Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Dror Seliktar
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
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Singla P, Garg S, McClements J, Jamieson O, Peeters M, Mahajan RK. Advances in the therapeutic delivery and applications of functionalized Pluronics: A critical review. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 299:102563. [PMID: 34826745 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2021.102563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Pluronic (PEO-PPO-PEO) block copolymers can form nano-sized micelles with a structure composed of a hydrophobic PPO core and hydrophilic PEO shell layer. Pluronics are U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved polymers, which are widely used for solubilization of drugs and their delivery, gene/therapeutic delivery, diagnostics, and tissue engineering applications due to their non-ionic properties, non-toxicity, micelle forming ability, excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability. Although Pluronics have been employed as drug carrier systems for several decades, numerous issues such as rapid dissolution, shorter residence time in biological media, fast clearance and weak mechanical strength have hindered their efficacy. Pluronics have been functionalized with pH-sensitive, biological-responsive moieties, antibodies, aptamers, folic acid, drugs, different nanoparticles, and photo/thermo-responsive hydrogels. These functionalization strategies enable Pluronics to act as stimuli responsive and targeted drug delivery vehicles. Moreover, Pluronics have emerged in nano-emulsion formulations and have been utilized to improve the properties of cubosomes, dendrimers and nano-sheets, including their biocompatibility and aqueous solubility. Functionalization of Pluronics results in the significant improvement of target specificity, loading capacity, biocompatibility of nanoparticles and stimuli responsive hydrogels for the promising delivery of a range of drugs. Therefore, this review presents an overview of all advancements (from the last 15 years) in functionalized Pluronics, providing a valuable tool for industry and academia in order to optimize their use in drug or therapeutic delivery, in addition to several other biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Singla
- School of Engineering, Merz Court, Claremont Road, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - Saweta Garg
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India
| | - Jake McClements
- School of Engineering, Merz Court, Claremont Road, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - Oliver Jamieson
- School of Engineering, Merz Court, Claremont Road, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - Marloes Peeters
- School of Engineering, Merz Court, Claremont Road, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom.
| | - Rakesh Kumar Mahajan
- Department of Chemistry, UGC-Centre for Advanced Studies-I, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India.
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Lee JM, Suen SKQ, Ng WL, Ma WC, Yeong WY. Bioprinting of Collagen: Considerations, Potentials, and Applications. Macromol Biosci 2020; 21:e2000280. [PMID: 33073537 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202000280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Collagen is the most abundant extracellular matrix protein that is widely used in tissue engineering (TE). There is little research done on printing pure collagen. To understand the bottlenecks in printing pure collagen, it is imperative to understand collagen from a bottom-up approach. Here it is aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of collagen printing, where collagen assembly in vivo and the various sources of collagen available for TE application are first understood. Next, the current printing technologies and strategy for printing collagen-based materials are highlighted. Considerations and key challenges faced in collagen printing are identified. Finally, the key research areas that would enhance the functionality of printed collagen are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Min Lee
- Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Sean Kang Qiang Suen
- Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Wei Long Ng
- HP-NTU Digital Manufacturing Corporate Lab, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Wai Cheung Ma
- Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Wai Yee Yeong
- Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.,HP-NTU Digital Manufacturing Corporate Lab, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
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9
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Liu F, Wang X. Synthetic Polymers for Organ 3D Printing. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1765. [PMID: 32784562 PMCID: PMC7466039 DOI: 10.3390/polym12081765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) printing, known as the most promising approach for bioartificial organ manufacturing, has provided unprecedented versatility in delivering multi-functional cells along with other biomaterials with precise control of their locations in space. The constantly emerging 3D printing technologies are the integration results of biomaterials with other related techniques in biology, chemistry, physics, mechanics and medicine. Synthetic polymers have played a key role in supporting cellular and biomolecular (or bioactive agent) activities before, during and after the 3D printing processes. In particular, biodegradable synthetic polymers are preferable candidates for bioartificial organ manufacturing with excellent mechanical properties, tunable chemical structures, non-toxic degradation products and controllable degradation rates. In this review, we aim to cover the recent progress of synthetic polymers in organ 3D printing fields. It is structured as introducing the main approaches of 3D printing technologies, the important properties of 3D printable synthetic polymers, the successful models of bioartificial organ printing and the perspectives of synthetic polymers in vascularized and innervated organ 3D printing areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Liu
- Center of 3D Printing & Organ Manufacturing, School of Fundamental Sciences, China Medical University (CMU), No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang 110122, China;
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, No. 117 North Nanjing Street, Shenyang 110003, China
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Center of 3D Printing & Organ Manufacturing, School of Fundamental Sciences, China Medical University (CMU), No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang 110122, China;
- Center of Organ Manufacturing, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Kossover O, Cohen N, Lewis JA, Berkovitch Y, Peled E, Seliktar D. Growth Factor Delivery for the Repair of a Critical Size Tibia Defect Using an Acellular, Biodegradable Polyethylene Glycol-Albumin Hydrogel Implant. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 6:100-111. [PMID: 33463206 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Growth factor delivery using acellular matrices presents a promising alternative to current treatment options for bone repair in critical-size injuries. However, supra-physiological doses of the factors can introduce safety concerns that must be alleviated, mainly by sustaining delivery of smaller doses using the matrix as a depot. We developed an acellular, biodegradable hydrogel implant composed of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and denatured albumin to be used for sustained delivery of bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP2). In this study, poly(ethylene glycol)-albumin (PEG-Alb) hydrogels were produced and loaded with 7.7 μg/mL of recombinant human BMP2 (rhBMP2) to be tested for safety and performance in a critical-size long-bone defect, using a rodent model. The hydrogels were formed ex situ in a 5 mm long cylindrical mold of 3 mm diameter, implanted into defects made in the tibia of Sprague-Dawley rats and compared to non-rhBMP2 control hydrogels at 13 weeks following surgery. The hydrogels were also compared to the more established PEG-fibrinogen (PEG-Fib) hydrogels we have tested previously. Comprehensive in vitro characterization as well as in vivo assessments that include: histological analyses, including safety parameters (i.e., local tolerance and toxicity), assessment of implant degradation, bone formation, as well as repair tissue density using quantitative microCT analysis were performed. The in vitro assessments demonstrated similarities between the mechanical and release properties of the PEG-Alb hydrogels to those of the PEG-Fib hydrogels. Safety analysis presented good local tolerance in the bone defects and no signs of toxicity. A significantly larger amount of bone was detected at 13 weeks in the rhBMP2-treated defects as compared to non-rhBMP2 defects. However, no significant differences were noted in bone formation at 13 weeks when comparing the PEG-Alb-treated defects to PEG-Fib-treated defects (with or without BMP2). The study concludes that hydrogel scaffolds made from PEG-Alb containing 7.7 μg/mL of rhBMP2 are effective in accelerating the bridging of boney defects in the tibia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Kossover
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Natalie Cohen
- The Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 320003, Israel
| | - Jacob A Lewis
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Yulia Berkovitch
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Eli Peled
- The Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 320003, Israel.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa 3200000, Israel
| | - Dror Seliktar
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
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12
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Functionalizing bioinks for 3D bioprinting applications. Drug Discov Today 2019; 24:198-205. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2018.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Pradhan S, Smith AM, Garson CJ, Hassani I, Seeto WJ, Pant K, Arnold RD, Prabhakarpandian B, Lipke EA. A Microvascularized Tumor-mimetic Platform for Assessing Anti-cancer Drug Efficacy. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3171. [PMID: 29453454 PMCID: PMC5816595 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21075-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Assessment of anti-cancer drug efficacy in in vitro three-dimensional (3D) bioengineered cancer models provides important contextual and relevant information towards pre-clinical translation of potential drug candidates. However, currently established models fail to sufficiently recapitulate complex tumor heterogeneity. Here we present a chip-based tumor-mimetic platform incorporating a 3D in vitro breast cancer model with a tumor-mimetic microvascular network, replicating the pathophysiological architecture of native vascularized breast tumors. The microfluidic platform facilitated formation of mature, lumenized and flow-aligned endothelium under physiological flow recapitulating both high and low perfused tumor regions. Metastatic and non-metastatic breast cancer cells were maintained in long-term 3D co-culture with stromal fibroblasts in a poly(ethylene glycol)-fibrinogen hydrogel matrix within adjoining tissue chambers. The interstitial space between the chambers and endothelium contained pores to mimic the “leaky” vasculature found in vivo and facilitate cancer cell-endothelial cell communication. Microvascular pattern-dependent flow variations induced concentration gradients within the 3D tumor mass, leading to morphological tumor heterogeneity. Anti-cancer drugs displayed cell type- and flow pattern-dependent effects on cancer cell viability, viable tumor area and associated endothelial cytotoxicity. Overall, the developed microfluidic tumor-mimetic platform facilitates investigation of cancer-stromal-endothelial interactions and highlights the role of a fluidic, tumor-mimetic vascular network on anti-cancer drug delivery and efficacy for improved translation towards pre-clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shantanu Pradhan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Ashley M Smith
- Biomedical Technology, CFD Research Corporation, Huntsville, AL, 35806, USA
| | - Charles J Garson
- Biomedical Technology, CFD Research Corporation, Huntsville, AL, 35806, USA
| | - Iman Hassani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Wen J Seeto
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Kapil Pant
- Biomedical Technology, CFD Research Corporation, Huntsville, AL, 35806, USA
| | - Robert D Arnold
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | | | - Elizabeth A Lipke
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA.
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14
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Fontana G, Delgado LM, Cigognini D. Biologically Inspired Materials in Tissue Engineering. EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX FOR TISSUE ENGINEERING AND BIOMATERIALS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-77023-9_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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15
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Huang J, Fu H, Li C, Dai J, Zhang Z. Recent advances in cell-laden 3D bioprinting: materials, technologies and applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.2217/3dp-2017-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Fabrication of 3D scaffolds with patient-specific designs, high structural and component complexity, and rapid on-demand production at a low-cost by printing technique has attracted ever-increasing interests in tissue engineering. Cell-laden 3D bioprinting offers good prospects for future organ transplantation. Compared with nonbiological 3D printing, cell-laden 3D bioprinting involves more complex factors, including the choice of printing materials, the strategy of gelling, cell viability and technical challenges. Although cell-populated 3D bioprinting has so many complex factors, it has proven to be a useful and exciting tool with wide potential applications in regenerative medicine to generate a variety of transplantable tissues. In this review, we first overview the bioprinting materials, gelling strategies and some major applications of cell-laden 3D bioprinting, with main focus on the recent advances and current challenges of the field. Finally, we propose some future directions of the cell-populated 3D bioprinting in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. [Formula: see text] In this review, we first overview the bioprinting materials, gelling strategies and some major applications of cell-populated 3D bioprinting, with main focus on the recent advances and current challenges of the field. Finally, we propose some future directions of the cell-laden 3D bioprinting in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech & Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Han Fu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech & Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics & Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Chong Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech & Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jianwu Dai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech & Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech & Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
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16
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The effects of porosity and stiffness of genipin cross-linked egg white simulating aged extracellular matrix on proliferation and aggregation of ovarian cancer cells. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2017.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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17
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Kerscher P, Kaczmarek JA, Head SE, Ellis ME, Seeto WJ, Kim J, Bhattacharya S, Suppiramaniam V, Lipke EA. Direct Production of Human Cardiac Tissues by Pluripotent Stem Cell Encapsulation in Gelatin Methacryloyl. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2016; 3:1499-1509. [PMID: 33429637 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6b00226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Direct stem cell encapsulation and cardiac differentiation within supporting biomaterial scaffolds are critical for reproducible and scalable production of the functional human tissues needed in regenerative medicine and drug-testing applications. Producing cardiac tissues directly from pluripotent stem cells rather than assembling tissues using pre-differentiated cells can eliminate multiple cell-handling steps that otherwise limit the potential for process automation and production scale-up. Here we asked whether our process for forming 3D developing human engineered cardiac tissues using poly(ethylene glycol)-fibrinogen hydrogels can be extended to widely used and printable gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogels. We demonstrate that low-density GelMA hydrogels can be formed rapidly using visible light (<1 min) and successfully employed to encapsulate human induced pluripotent stem cells while maintaining high cell viability. Resulting constructs had an initial stiffness of approximately 220 Pa, supported tissue growth and dynamic remodeling, and facilitated high-efficiency cardiac differentiation (>70%) to produce spontaneously contracting GelMA human engineered cardiac tissues (GEhECTs). GEhECTs initiated spontaneous contractions on day 8 of differentiation, with synchronicity, frequency, and velocity of contraction increasing over time, and displayed developmentally appropriate temporal changes in cardiac gene expression. GEhECT-dissociated cardiomyocytes displayed well-defined and aligned sarcomeres spaced at 1.85 ± 0.1 μm and responded appropriately to drug treatments, including the β-adrenergic agonist isoproterenol and antagonist propranolol, as well as to outside pacing up to 3.0 Hz. Overall results demonstrate that GelMA is a suitable biomaterial for the production of developing cardiac tissues and has the potential to be employed in scale-up production and bioprinting of GEhECTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Kerscher
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, 212 Ross Hall, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
| | - Jennifer A Kaczmarek
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, 212 Ross Hall, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
| | - Sara E Head
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, 212 Ross Hall, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
| | - Morgan E Ellis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, 212 Ross Hall, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
| | - Wen J Seeto
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, 212 Ross Hall, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
| | - Joonyul Kim
- Proximity Biosciences LLC, Auburn, Alabama 36832, United States
| | - Subhrajit Bhattacharya
- Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, 2316 Walker Building, Auburn, Alabama 36829, United States
| | - Vishnu Suppiramaniam
- Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, 2316 Walker Building, Auburn, Alabama 36829, United States
| | - Elizabeth A Lipke
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, 212 Ross Hall, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
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18
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Köpf M, Campos DFD, Blaeser A, Sen KS, Fischer H. A tailored three-dimensionally printable agarose-collagen blend allows encapsulation, spreading, and attachment of human umbilical artery smooth muscle cells. Biofabrication 2016; 8:025011. [PMID: 27205890 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/8/2/025011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, novel biofabrication technologies have enabled the rapid manufacture of hydrogel-cell suspensions into tissue-imitating constructs. The development of novel materials for biofabrication still remains a challenge due to a gap between contradicting requirements such as three-dimensional printability and optimal cytocompatibility. We hypothesise that blending of different hydrogels could lead to a novel material with favourable biological and printing properties. In our work, we combined agarose and type I collagen in order to develop a hydrogel blend capable of long-term cell encapsulation of human umbilical artery smooth muscle cells (HUASMCs) and 3D drop-on-demand printing. Different blends were prepared with 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, and 1.5% agarose and 0.2% type I collagen. The cell morphology of HUASMCs and the printing accuracy were assessed for each agarose-collagen combination, keeping the content of collagen constant. The hydrogel blend which displayed sufficient cell spreading and printing accuracy (0.5% agarose, 0.2% type I collagen, AGR0.5COLL0.2) was then characterised based on swelling and degradation over 21 days and mechanical stiffness. The cellular response regarding cell attachment of HUASMCs embedded in the hydrogel blend was further studied using SEM, TEM, and TPLSM. Printing trials were fabricated in a drop-on-demand printing process. The swelling and degradation evaluation showed an average of 20% mass loss and less than 10% swelling. AGR0.5COLL0.2 exhibited significant increase in stiffness compared to pure agarose and type I collagen. In addition, columns of AGR0.5COLL0.2 three centimeters in height were successfully printed submerged in cooled perfluorocarbon, proving the intrinsic printability of the hydrogel blend. Ultimately, a promising novel hydrogel blend showing cell spreading and attachment as well as suitability for bioprinting was identified and could, for example, serve in the manufacture of in vitro 3D models to capture more complex features of disease and drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Köpf
- Department of Dental Materials and Biomaterials Research, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstrasse 30, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
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19
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McGann CL, Akins RE, Kiick KL. Resilin-PEG Hybrid Hydrogels Yield Degradable Elastomeric Scaffolds with Heterogeneous Microstructure. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:128-40. [PMID: 26646060 PMCID: PMC4850080 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b01255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels derived from resilin-like polypeptides (RLPs) have shown outstanding mechanical resilience and cytocompatibility; expanding the versatility of RLP-based materials via conjugation with other polypeptides and polymers would offer great promise in the design of a range of materials. Here, we present an investigation of the biochemical and mechanical properties of hybrid hydrogels composed of a recombinant RLP and a multiarm PEG macromer. These hybrid hydrogels can be rapidly cross-linked through a Michael-type addition reaction between the thiols of cysteine residues on the RLP and vinyl sulfone groups on the multiarm PEG. Oscillatory rheology and tensile testing confirmed the formation of elastomeric hydrogels with mechanical resilience comparable to aortic elastin; hydrogel stiffness was easily modulated through the cross-linking ratio. Macromolecular phase separation of the RLP-PEG hydrogels offers the unique advantage of imparting a heterogeneous microstructure, which can be used to localize cells, through simple mixing and cross-linking. Assessment of degradation of the RLP by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) illustrated the specific proteolysis of the polypeptide in both its soluble form and when cross-linked into hydrogels. Finally, the successful encapsulation and viable three-dimensional culture of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) demonstrated the cytocompatibility of the RLP-PEG gels. Overall, the cytocompatibility, elastomeric mechanical properties, microheterogeneity, and degradability of the RLP-PEG hybrid hydrogels offer a suite of promising properties for the development of cell-instructive, structured tissue engineering scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher L. McGann
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Robert E. Akins
- Nemours – Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Department of Biomedical Research, Wilmington, DE 19803, United States
| | - Kristi L. Kiick
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Delaware Biotechnology Institute, 15 Innovation Way, Newark, Delaware 19711, United States
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20
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Herzberger J, Niederer K, Pohlit H, Seiwert J, Worm M, Wurm FR, Frey H. Polymerization of Ethylene Oxide, Propylene Oxide, and Other Alkylene Oxides: Synthesis, Novel Polymer Architectures, and Bioconjugation. Chem Rev 2015; 116:2170-243. [PMID: 26713458 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 451] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The review summarizes current trends and developments in the polymerization of alkylene oxides in the last two decades since 1995, with a particular focus on the most important epoxide monomers ethylene oxide (EO), propylene oxide (PO), and butylene oxide (BO). Classical synthetic pathways, i.e., anionic polymerization, coordination polymerization, and cationic polymerization of epoxides (oxiranes), are briefly reviewed. The main focus of the review lies on more recent and in some cases metal-free methods for epoxide polymerization, i.e., the activated monomer strategy, the use of organocatalysts, such as N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) and N-heterocyclic olefins (NHOs) as well as phosphazene bases. In addition, the commercially relevant double-metal cyanide (DMC) catalyst systems are discussed. Besides the synthetic progress, new types of multifunctional linear PEG (mf-PEG) and PPO structures accessible by copolymerization of EO or PO with functional epoxide comonomers are presented as well as complex branched, hyperbranched, and dendrimer like polyethers. Amphiphilic block copolymers based on PEO and PPO (Poloxamers and Pluronics) and advances in the area of PEGylation as the most important bioconjugation strategy are also summarized. With the ever growing toolbox for epoxide polymerization, a "polyether universe" may be envisaged that in its structural diversity parallels the immense variety of structural options available for polymers based on vinyl monomers with a purely carbon-based backbone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Herzberger
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz , Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.,Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz , Staudingerweg 9, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Kerstin Niederer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz , Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Hannah Pohlit
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz , Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.,Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz , Staudingerweg 9, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.,Max Planck Graduate Center , Staudingerweg 6, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center , Langenbeckstraße 1, D-55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jan Seiwert
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz , Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Matthias Worm
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz , Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.,Max Planck Graduate Center , Staudingerweg 6, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Frederik R Wurm
- Max Planck Graduate Center , Staudingerweg 6, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research , Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Holger Frey
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz , Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.,Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz , Staudingerweg 9, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
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21
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Müller M, Becher J, Schnabelrauch M, Zenobi-Wong M. Nanostructured Pluronic hydrogels as bioinks for 3D bioprinting. Biofabrication 2015; 7:035006. [DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/7/3/035006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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22
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Huang WC, Liu KH, Liu TC, Liu DM, Chen SY. Synergistic hierarchical silicone-modified polysaccharide hybrid as a soft scaffold to control cell adhesion and proliferation. Acta Biomater 2014; 10:3546-56. [PMID: 24793655 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2014.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Revised: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a new type of polydimethylsiloxane-modified chitosan (PMSC) amphiphilic hydrogel was developed as a soft substrate to explore cellular responses for dermal reconstruction. The hydrogel wettability, mechanical stiffness and topography were controllable through manipulation of the degree of esterification (DE) between hydrophobic polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and hydrophilic N,O-(carboxymethyl)-chitosan (NOCC). Based on microphase separation, the incorporation of PDMS into NOCC increased the stiffness of the hybrid through the formation of self-assembled aggregates, which also provided anchor sites for cell adhesion. As the DE exceeded 0.39, the size of the PDMS-rich aggregates changed from nanoscale to microscale. Subsequently, the hierarchical architecture resulted in an increase in the tensile modulus of the hybrid gel up to fourfold, which simultaneously provided mechano-topographic guidance and allowed the cells to completely spread to form spindle shapes instead of forming a spherical morphology, as on NOCC (DE=0). The results revealed that the incorporation of hydrophobic PDMS not only impeded acidic damage resulting from NOCC but also acted as an adhesion modification agent to facilitate long-term cell adhesion and proliferation on the soft substrate. As proved by the promotion on long-term type-I collagen production, the PMSC hybrid with self-assembled mechano-topography offers great promise as an advanced scaffold material for use in healing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chen Huang
- Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Ho Liu
- Advanced Delivery Technology Co. Ltd, 5F, D Building, No. 120, Zhonghua Rd, Hsinchu Industrial Park, Hukou Township, Hsinchu 30352, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Chung Liu
- Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Dean-Mo Liu
- Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - San-Yuan Chen
- Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan.
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23
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Abstract
![]()
Multidrug
resistance (MDR) remains one of the biggest obstacles
for effective cancer therapy. Currently there are only few methods
that are available clinically that are used to bypass MDR with very
limited success. In this review we describe how MDR can be overcome
by a simple yet effective approach of using amphiphilic block copolymers.
Triblock copolymers of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and poly(propylene
oxide) (PPO), arranged in a triblock structure PEO-PPO-PEO, Pluronics
or “poloxamers”, raised a considerable interest in the
drug delivery field. Previous studies demonstrated that Pluronics
sensitize MDR cancer cells resulting in increased cytotoxic activity
of Dox, paclitaxel, and other drugs by 2–3 orders of magnitude.
Pluronics can also prevent the development of MDR in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, promising results of
clinical studies of Dox/Pluronic formulation reinforced the need to
ascertain a thorough understanding of Pluronic effects in tumors.
These effects are extremely comprehensive and appear on the level
of plasma membranes, mitochondria, and regulation of gene expression
selectively in MDR cancer cells. Moreover, it has been demonstrated
recently that Pluronics can effectively deplete tumorigenic intrinsically
drug-resistant cancer stem cells (CSC). Interestingly, sensitization
of MDR and inhibition of drug efflux transporters is not specific
or selective to Pluronics. Other amphiphilic polymers have shown similar
activities in various experimental models. This review summarizes
recent advances of understanding the Pluronic effects in sensitization
and prevention of MDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Y Alakhova
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7362, United States
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Brown AC, Barker TH. Fibrin-based biomaterials: modulation of macroscopic properties through rational design at the molecular level. Acta Biomater 2014; 10:1502-14. [PMID: 24056097 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2013.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Revised: 08/14/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Fibrinogen is one of the primary components of the coagulation cascade and rapidly forms an insoluble matrix following tissue injury. In addition to its important role in hemostasis, fibrin acts as a scaffold for tissue repair and provides important cues for directing cell phenotype following injury. Because of these properties and the ease of polymerization of the material, fibrin has been widely utilized as a biomaterial for over a century. Modifying the macroscopic properties of fibrin, such as elasticity and porosity, has been somewhat elusive until recently, yet with a molecular-level rational design approach it can now be somewhat easily modified through alterations of molecular interactions key to the protein's polymerization process. This review outlines the biochemistry of fibrin and discusses methods for modification of molecular interactions and their application to fibrin based biomaterials.
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25
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Gao L, Gan H, Meng Z, Gu R, Wu Z, Zhang L, Zhu X, Sun W, Li J, Zheng Y, Dou G. Effects of genipin cross-linking of chitosan hydrogels on cellular adhesion and viability. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2014; 117:398-405. [PMID: 24675278 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2014.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Revised: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of genipin (Gp) cross-linking of chitosan (CHI) hydrogels on the cell adhesion and viability. METHOD Series of Gp crosslinked CHI hydrogels were prepared by incubation of solutions containing a mixture of Gp and CHI in different ratios. The resulting hydrogels were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), parallel plate rheometer, contact angle and swelling ratio measurement. The in vitro cytocompatibility of hydrogels was evaluated with L929 fibroblasts by MTT method. The cell adhesion morphology on gel surface was characterized by SEM, and the cell viability was assessed through cell count and flow cytometry analysis. RESULTS It was found that macroporous structure of the CHI hydrogels could be tailored by varying Gp or CHI amount. Gp cross-linking of hydrogels enhanced their storage modulus significantly, and also altered their hydrophilicity and swell properties. The MTT results revealed that the cross-linked hydrogels did not induce cytotoxic effects. Cell count and flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that denser surface milieu of hydrogels could facilitate better cell adhesion and viability. CONCLUSIONS It could be concluded that increased cross-linking density significantly improved the cell adhesion and viability on hydrogel surface. This research provides prospective biocompatible approaches by making gel stiffness modifications to hydrogel scaffolds for the purpose of different tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Gao
- Laboratory of Hematological Pharmacology, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, China
| | - Hui Gan
- Laboratory of Hematological Pharmacology, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, China
| | - Zhiyun Meng
- Laboratory of Hematological Pharmacology, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, China
| | - Ruolan Gu
- Laboratory of Hematological Pharmacology, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, China
| | - Zhuona Wu
- Laboratory of Hematological Pharmacology, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Laboratory of Hematological Pharmacology, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, China
| | - Xiaoxia Zhu
- Laboratory of Hematological Pharmacology, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, China
| | - Wenzhong Sun
- Laboratory of Hematological Pharmacology, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, China
| | - Jian Li
- Laboratory of Hematological Pharmacology, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, China
| | - Ying Zheng
- Laboratory of Hematological Pharmacology, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, China
| | - Guifang Dou
- Laboratory of Hematological Pharmacology, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, China.
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26
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Yom-Tov O, Seliktar D, Bianco-Peled H. Cell morphology in injectable nanostructured biosynthetic hydrogels. J Biomed Mater Res A 2014; 102:4371-9. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ortal Yom-Tov
- Inter-Departmental Program for Biotechnology; Technion-Israel Institute of Technology; Haifa 32000 Israel
| | - Dror Seliktar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; Technion-Israel Institute of Technology; Haifa 32000 Israel
- The Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute; Technion-Israel Institute of Technology; Haifa 32000 Israel
| | - Havazelet Bianco-Peled
- The Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute; Technion-Israel Institute of Technology; Haifa 32000 Israel
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Technion-Israel Institute of Technology; Haifa 32000 Israel
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27
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Lee BH, Tin SPH, Chaw SY, Cao Y, Xia Y, Steele TWJ, Seliktar D, Bianco-Peled H, Venkatraman SS. Influence of soluble PEG-OH incorporation in a 3D cell-laden PEG-fibrinogen (PF) hydrogel on smooth muscle cell morphology and growth. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2013; 25:394-409. [PMID: 24304216 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2013.862401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
We have been able to control hydrogel compliance and cell spreading in a three-dimensional (3D) cell-laden system (hydrogel) using soluble PEG-OH. This was accomplished by encapsulating smooth muscle cells (SMCs) into poly(ethylene glycol)-fibrinogen (PEG-fibrinogen or PF) with poly(ethylene glycol)-diol (PEG-OH) as a macromolecular leachant. The cell-encapsulating hydrogels were prepared with three concentrations of soluble PEG-OH having a mass of 10 kDa (1, 5 and 10% w/v). Rheology was used to measure the elastic (storage) component of the complex shear modulus of these hydrogels, while quantitative morphometrics were used to characterize SMC morphology. PF hydrogel with a higher amount of PEG-OH displayed a lower storage modulus and a higher elongated cell morphology of SMCs. Structural changes of PF hydrogels mainly owing to gelation-induced phase separation imparted by the soluble PEG-OH in 3D cell-laden hydrogels dramatically affected both the properties of the hydrogel network including the modulus as well as cell spreading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bae Hoon Lee
- a School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue 639798 , Singapore
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28
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Seliktar D, Dikovsky D, Napadensky E. Bioprinting and Tissue Engineering: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives. Isr J Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201300084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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29
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Kesselman D, Kossover O, Mironi-Harpaz I, Seliktar D. Time-dependent cellular morphogenesis and matrix stiffening in proteolytically responsive hydrogels. Acta Biomater 2013; 9:7630-9. [PMID: 23624218 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2013.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2012] [Revised: 01/24/2013] [Accepted: 04/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells residing in proteolytically responsive hydrogel scaffolds were subjected to changes in mechanical properties associated with their own three-dimensional (3-D) morphogenesis. In order to investigate this relationship the current study documents the transient degradation and restructuring of fibroblasts seeded in hydrogel scaffolds undergoing active cell-mediated reorganization over 7days in culture. A semi-synthetic proteolytically degradable polyethylene glycol-fibrinogen (PF) hydrogel matrix and neonatal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF) were used. Rheology (in situ and ex situ) measured stiffening of the gels and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) measured cell morphogenesis within the gels. The assumption that the matrix modulus systematically decreases as cells locally begin to enzymatically disassemble the PF hydrogel to become spindled in the material was not supported by the bulk mechanical property measurements. Instead, the PF hydrogels exhibited cell-mediated stiffening concurrent with their dynamic morphogenesis, as indicated by a four-fold increase in storage modulus after 1week in culture. Fibrin hydrogels, which were used as the control biomaterial, proved similarly adaptive to cell-mediated remodeling only in the presence of the exogenous serine protease inhibitor aprotinin. Acellular and non-viable hydrogels also served as control groups to verify that transient matrix remodeling was entirely associated with cell-mediated events, including collagen deposition, cell-mediated proteolysis, and the formation of multicellular networks within the hydrogel constructs. The fact that cell network formation and collagen deposition both paralleled transient stiffening of the PF hydrogels, further reinforces the notion that cells actively balance between proteolysis and ECM synthesis when remodeling proteolytically responsive hydrogel scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dafna Kesselman
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
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30
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Wang X, Boire TC, Bronikowski C, Zachman AL, Crowder SW, Sung HJ. Decoupling polymer properties to elucidate mechanisms governing cell behavior. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2012; 18:396-404. [PMID: 22536977 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2012.0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Determining how a biomaterial interacts with cells ("structure-function relationship") reflects its eventual clinical applicability. Therefore, a fundamental understanding of how individual material properties modulate cell-biomaterial interactions is pivotal to improving the efficacy and safety of clinically translatable biomaterial systems. However, due to the coupled nature of material properties, their individual effects on cellular responses are difficult to understand. Structure-function relationships can be more clearly understood by the effective decoupling of each individual parameter. In this article, we discuss three basic decoupling strategies: (1) surface modification, (2) cross-linking, and (3) combinatorial approaches (i.e., copolymerization and polymer blending). Relevant examples of coupled material properties are briefly reviewed in each section to highlight the need for improved decoupling methods. This follows with examples of more effective decoupling techniques, mainly from the perspective of three primary classes of synthetic materials: polyesters, polyethylene glycol, and polyacrylamide. Recent strides in decoupling methodologies, especially surface-patterning and combinatorial techniques, offer much promise in further understanding the structure-function relationships that largely govern the success of future advancements in biomaterials, tissue engineering, and drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintong Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
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31
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Frisman I, Seliktar D, Bianco-Peled H. Nanostructuring biosynthetic hydrogels for tissue engineering: a cellular and structural analysis. Acta Biomater 2012; 8:51-60. [PMID: 21855662 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2011.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2011] [Revised: 07/26/2011] [Accepted: 07/29/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The nanostructuring of hydrogel scaffolds used in tissue engineering provides the ability to control cellular fate and tissue morphogenesis through cell-matrix interactions. Here we describe a method to provide nanostructure to a biosynthetic hydrogel scaffold made from crosslinked poly(ethylene glycol)-fibrinogen conjugates (PEG-fibrinogen), by modifying them with the block-copolymer Pluronic® F127. The copolymeric additive self-assembled into micelles at certain concentrations and temperatures, thereby creating nanostructures within the crosslinked hydrogel. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and transmission electron microscopy at cryogenic temperature were used to detect Pluronic® F127 micelles embedded within the crosslinked PEG-fibrinogen hydrogels. The density and order of the micelles within the hydrogel matrix increased as the relative Pluronic® F127 concentration was raised. The transient stability of the micelles within the hydrogel network was analyzed using time-dependent swelling and Pluronic® F127 release measurements. These characterizations revealed that most of the Pluronic® F127 molecules diffuse out of the hydrogels after 4 days in aqueous buffer and SAXS analysis confirmed a significant change in the structure and interactions of the micelles during this time. Cell culture experiments evaluating the three-dimensional fibroblast morphology within the matrix indicated a strong correlation between cell spreading and the hydrogel's characteristic mesh size. The present research thereby provides a more quantitative understanding of how structural features in an encapsulating hydrogel environment can affect cell morphogenesis towards tissue regeneration.
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