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Potart D, Gluais M, Gaubert A, Da Silva N, Hourques M, Sarrazin M, Izotte J, Mora Charrot L, L'Heureux N. The cell-assembled extracellular matrix: A focus on the storage stability and terminal sterilization of this human "bio" material. Acta Biomater 2023; 166:133-146. [PMID: 37149079 PMCID: PMC7614989 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The Cell-Assembled extracellular Matrix (CAM) is an attractive biomaterial because it provided the backbone of vascular grafts that were successfully implanted in patients, and because it can now be assembled in "human textiles". For future clinical development, it is important to consider key manufacturing questions. In this study, the impact of various storage conditions and sterilization methods were evaluated. After 1 year of dry frozen storage, no change in mechanical nor physicochemical properties were detected. However, storage at 4 °C and room temperature resulted in some mechanical changes, especially for dry CAM, but physicochemical changes were minor. Sterilization modified CAM mechanical and physicochemical properties marginally except for hydrated gamma treatment. All sterilized CAM supported cell proliferation. CAM ribbons were implanted subcutaneously in immunodeficient rats to assess the impact of sterilization on the innate immune response. Sterilization accelerated strength loss but no significant difference could be shown at 10 months. Very mild and transient inflammatory responses were observed. Supercritical CO2 sterilization had the least effect. In conclusion, the CAM is a promising biomaterial since it is unaffected by long-term storage in conditions available in hospitals (hydrated at 4 °C), and can be sterilized terminally (scCO2) without compromising in vitro nor in vivo performance. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In the field of tissue engineering, the use of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins as a scaffolding biomaterial has become very popular. Recently, many investigators have focused on ECM produced by cells in vitro to produce unprocessed biological scaffolds. As this new kind of "biomaterial" becomes more and more relevant, it is critical to consider key manufacturing questions to facilitate future transition to the clinic. This article presents an extensive evaluation of long-term storage stability and terminal sterilization effects on an extracellular matrix assembled by cells in vitro. We believe that this article will be of great interest to help tissue engineers involved in so-called scaffold-free approaches to better prepare the translation from benchtop to bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane Potart
- BIOTIS - Laboratory for the Bioengineering of Tissues (UMR Inserm 1026), University of Bordeaux, Inserm, BIOTIS, UMR1026, Campus Carreire, 146 Rue Léo-Saignat, case 45, Bordeaux F-33076, France
| | - Maude Gluais
- BIOTIS - Laboratory for the Bioengineering of Tissues (UMR Inserm 1026), University of Bordeaux, Inserm, BIOTIS, UMR1026, Campus Carreire, 146 Rue Léo-Saignat, case 45, Bordeaux F-33076, France
| | - Alexandra Gaubert
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, UMR 5320, Inserm, UMR121, ANRA, Bordeaux F-33076, France
| | - Nicolas Da Silva
- BIOTIS - Laboratory for the Bioengineering of Tissues (UMR Inserm 1026), University of Bordeaux, Inserm, BIOTIS, UMR1026, Campus Carreire, 146 Rue Léo-Saignat, case 45, Bordeaux F-33076, France
| | - Marie Hourques
- BIOTIS - Laboratory for the Bioengineering of Tissues (UMR Inserm 1026), University of Bordeaux, Inserm, BIOTIS, UMR1026, Campus Carreire, 146 Rue Léo-Saignat, case 45, Bordeaux F-33076, France
| | - Marie Sarrazin
- BIOTIS - Laboratory for the Bioengineering of Tissues (UMR Inserm 1026), University of Bordeaux, Inserm, BIOTIS, UMR1026, Campus Carreire, 146 Rue Léo-Saignat, case 45, Bordeaux F-33076, France
| | - Julien Izotte
- Animal Facility A2, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux F-33076, France
| | - Léa Mora Charrot
- Animal Facility A2, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux F-33076, France
| | - Nicolas L'Heureux
- BIOTIS - Laboratory for the Bioengineering of Tissues (UMR Inserm 1026), University of Bordeaux, Inserm, BIOTIS, UMR1026, Campus Carreire, 146 Rue Léo-Saignat, case 45, Bordeaux F-33076, France.
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2
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Guimaraes AB, Correia AT, da Silva RS, Dos Santos ES, de Souza Xavier Costa N, Dolhnikoff M, Maizato M, Cestari IA, Pego-Fernandes PM, Guerreiro Cardoso PF. Evaluation of Structural Viability of Porcine Tracheal Scaffolds after 3 and 6 Months of Storage under Three Different Protocols. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10050584. [PMID: 37237655 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10050584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Tracheal replacement with a bioengineered tracheal substitute has been developed for long-segment tracheal diseases. The decellularized tracheal scaffold is an alternative for cell seeding. It is not defined if the storage scaffold produces changes in the scaffold's biomechanical properties. We tested three protocols for porcine tracheal scaffold preservation immersed in PBS and alcohol 70%, in the fridge and under cryopreservation. Ninety-six porcine tracheas (12 in natura, 84 decellularized) were divided into three groups (PBS, alcohol, and cryopreservation). Twelve tracheas were analyzed after three and six months. The assessment included residual DNA, cytotoxicity, collagen contents, and mechanical properties. Decellularization increased the maximum load and stress in the longitudinal axis and decreased the maximum load in the transverse axis. The decellularization of the porcine trachea produced structurally viable scaffolds, with a preserved collagen matrix suitable for further bioengineering. Despite the cyclic washings, the scaffolds remained cytotoxic. The comparison of the storage protocols (PBS at 4 °C, alcohol at 4 °C, and slow cooling cryopreservation with cryoprotectants) showed no significant differences in the amount of collagen and in the biomechanical properties of the scaffolds. Storage in PBS solution at 4 °C for six months did not change the scaffold mechanics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Bruning Guimaraes
- Organ and Tissue Laboratory, LIM 61, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Instituto do Coracao do Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-904, Brazil
| | - Aristides Tadeu Correia
- Organ and Tissue Laboratory, LIM 61, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Instituto do Coracao do Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-904, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo Soares da Silva
- Organ and Tissue Laboratory, LIM 61, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Instituto do Coracao do Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-904, Brazil
| | - Elizabete Silva Dos Santos
- Organ and Tissue Laboratory, LIM 61, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Instituto do Coracao do Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-904, Brazil
| | - Natalia de Souza Xavier Costa
- Laboratorio de Poluicao Atmosferica Experimental (LIM05), Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-000, Brazil
| | - Marisa Dolhnikoff
- Laboratorio de Poluicao Atmosferica Experimental (LIM05), Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-000, Brazil
| | - Marina Maizato
- Bioengenharia, Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-904, Brazil
| | - Idagene Aparecida Cestari
- Bioengenharia, Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-904, Brazil
| | - Paulo Manuel Pego-Fernandes
- Organ and Tissue Laboratory, LIM 61, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Instituto do Coracao do Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-904, Brazil
| | - Paulo Francisco Guerreiro Cardoso
- Organ and Tissue Laboratory, LIM 61, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Instituto do Coracao do Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-904, Brazil
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3
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Influence of Storage Conditions on Decellularized Porcine Conjunctiva. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10030350. [PMID: 36978741 PMCID: PMC10045143 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10030350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Porcine decellularized conjunctiva (PDC) represents a promising alternative source for conjunctival reconstruction. Methods of its re-epithelialization in vitro with primary human conjunctival epithelial cells (HCEC) have already been established. However, a long-term storage method is required for a simplified clinical use of PDC. This study investigates the influence of several storage variants on PDC. PDC were stored in (1) phosphate-buffered saline solution (PBS) at 4 °C, (2) in glycerol-containing epithelial cell medium (EM/gly) at −80 °C and (3) in dimethyl sulfoxide-containing epithelial cell medium (EM/DMSO) at −196 °C in liquid nitrogen for two and six months, respectively. Fresh PDC served as control. Histological structure, biomechanical parameters, the content of collagen and elastin and the potential of re-epithelialization with primary HCEC under cultivation for 14 days were compared (n = 4–10). In all groups, PDC showed a well-preserved extracellular matrix without structural disruptions and with comparable fiber density (p ≥ 0.74). Collagen and elastin content were not significantly different between the groups (p ≥ 0.18; p ≥ 0.13, respectively). With the exception of the significantly reduced tensile strength of PDC after storage at −196 °C in EM/DMSO for six months (0.46 ± 0.21 MPa, p = 0.02), no differences were seen regarding the elastic modulus, tensile strength and extensibility compared to control (0.87 ± 0.25 MPa; p ≥ 0.06). The mean values of the epithelialized PDC surface ranged from 51.9 ± 8.8% (−196 °C) to 78.3 ± 4.4% (−80 °C) and did not differ significantly (p ≥ 0.35). In conclusion, all examined storage methods were suitable for storing PDC for at least six months. All PDC were able to re-epithelialize, which rules out cytotoxic influences of the storage conditions and suggests preserved biocompatibility for in vivo application.
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Oliinyk D, Eigenberger A, Felthaus O, Haerteis S, Prantl L. Chorioallantoic Membrane Assay at the Cross-Roads of Adipose-Tissue-Derived Stem Cell Research. Cells 2023; 12:cells12040592. [PMID: 36831259 PMCID: PMC9953848 DOI: 10.3390/cells12040592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
With a history of more than 100 years of different applications in various scientific fields, the chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay has proven itself to be an exceptional scientific model that meets the requirements of the replacement, reduction, and refinement principle (3R principle). As one of three extraembryonic avian membranes, the CAM is responsible for fetal respiration, metabolism, and protection. The model provides a unique constellation of immunological, vascular, and extracellular properties while being affordable and reliable at the same time. It can be utilized for research purposes in cancer biology, angiogenesis, virology, and toxicology and has recently been used for biochemistry, pharmaceutical research, and stem cell biology. Stem cells and, in particular, mesenchymal stem cells derived from adipose tissue (ADSCs) are emerging subjects for novel therapeutic strategies in the fields of tissue regeneration and personalized medicine. Because of their easy accessibility, differentiation profile, immunomodulatory properties, and cytokine repertoire, ADSCs have already been established for different preclinical applications in the files mentioned above. In this review, we aim to highlight and identify some of the cross-sections for the potential utilization of the CAM model for ADSC studies with a focus on wound healing and tissue engineering, as well as oncological research, e.g., sarcomas. Hereby, the focus lies on the combination of existing evidence and experience of such intersections with a potential utilization of the CAM model for further research on ADSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmytro Oliinyk
- Department of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Andreas Eigenberger
- Department of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Felthaus
- Department of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Silke Haerteis
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, Faculty for Biology and Preclinical Medicine, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Lukas Prantl
- Department of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
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Hoshiba T, Yunoki S. Comparison of decellularization protocols for cultured cell-derived extracellular matrix-Effects on decellularization efficacy, extracellular matrix retention, and cell functions. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2023; 111:85-94. [PMID: 35852254 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The in vitro reconstruction of the extracellular matrix (ECM) is required in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine because the ECM can regulate cell functions in vivo. For ECM reconstruction, a decellularization technique is used. ECM reconstructed by decellularization (dECM) is prepared from tissues/organs and cultured cells. Although decellularization methods have been optimized for tissue-/organ-derived dECM, the methods for cultured cell-derived dECM have not yet been optimized. Here, two physical (osmotic shocks) and five chemical decellularization methods are compared. The decellularization efficacies were changed according to the decellularization methods used. Among them, only the Triton X-100 and Tween 20 treatments could not decellularize completely. Additionally, when the efficacies were compared among different types of cells (monolayered cells with/without strong cell adhesion, multilayered cells), the efficacies were decreased for multilayered cells or cells with strong cell adhesion. Retained ECM contents tended to be greater in the dECM prepared by osmotic shocks than in those prepared by chemical methods. The contents impacted cell adhesion, shapes, growth and intracellular signal activation on the dECM. The comparison would be helpful for the optimization of decellularization methods for cultured cells, and it could also provide new insights into developing milder decellularization methods for tissues and organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Hoshiba
- Biotechnology Group, Tokyo Metropolitan Industrial Technology Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shunji Yunoki
- Biotechnology Group, Tokyo Metropolitan Industrial Technology Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
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Talaei-Khozani T, Yaghoubi A. An overview of post transplantation events of decellularized scaffolds. Transpl Immunol 2022; 74:101640. [PMID: 35667545 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2022.101640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Regenerative medicine and tissue engineering are reasonable techniques for repairing failed tissues and could be a suitable alternative to organ transplantation. One of the most widely used methods for preparing bioscaffolds is the decellularization procedure. Although cell debris and DNA are removed from the decellularized tissues, important compositions of the extracellular matrix including proteins, proteoglycans, and glycoproteins are nearly preserved. Moreover, the obtained scaffolds have a 3-dimensional (3D) structure, appropriate naïve mechanical properties, and good biocompatibility. After transplantation, different types of host cells migrate to the decellularized tissues. Histological and immunohistochemical assessment of the different bioscaffolds after implantation reveals the migration of parenchymal cells, angiogenesis, as well as the invasion of inflammatory and giant foreign cells. In this review, the events after transplantation including angiogenesis, scaffold degradation, and the presence of immune and tissue-specific progenitor cells in the decellularized scaffolds in various hosts, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahereh Talaei-Khozani
- Histotomorphometry and stereology research center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Tissue engineering lab, Anatomy Department, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Atefeh Yaghoubi
- Tissue engineering lab, Anatomy Department, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Lei C, Mei S, Zhou C, Xia C. Decellularized tracheal scaffolds in tracheal reconstruction: An evaluation of different techniques. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater 2021; 19:22808000211064948. [PMID: 34903089 DOI: 10.1177/22808000211064948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In humans, the trachea is a conduit for ventilation connecting the throat and lungs. However, certain congenital or acquired diseases may cause long-term tracheal defects that require replacement. Tissue engineering is considered a promising method to reconstruct long-segment tracheal lesions and restore the structure and function of the trachea. Decellularization technology retains the natural structure of the trachea, has good biocompatibility and mechanical properties, and is currently a hotspot in tissue engineering studies. This article lists various recent representative protocols for the generation of decellularized tracheal scaffolds (DTSs), as well as their validity and limitations. Based on the advancements in decellularization methods, we discussed the impact and importance of mechanical properties, revascularization, recellularization, and biocompatibility in the production and implantation of DTS. This review provides a basis for future research on DTS and its application in clinical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Lei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Mei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chun Zhou
- Department of Geriatrics, The 903 Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army Joint Logistics Support Force, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chen Xia
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
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Ribatti D. Two new applications in the study of angiogenesis the CAM assay: Acellular scaffolds and organoids. Microvasc Res 2021; 140:104304. [PMID: 34906560 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2021.104304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) is a rich vascularized extraembryonic membrane that is commonly used as an in vivo experimental model to study molecules with angiogenic and anti-angiogenic activity, tumor growth and metastasis. Among other applications of the CAM assay, more recently this assay has been used for the study of acellular scaffolds and of organoids, and of their angiogenic capacity. The aim of this review article is to summarize the literature data concerning these two new applications of the CAM assay and to underline the advantages of this assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Ribatti
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy.
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Liu J, Yao X, Wang Z, Ye J, Luan C, Fu J, He Y. A novel wavy non-uniform ligament chiral stent with J-shaped stress–strain behavior to mimic the native trachea. Biodes Manuf 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s42242-021-00159-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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10
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Pien N, Palladino S, Copes F, Candiani G, Dubruel P, Van Vlierberghe S, Mantovani D. Tubular bioartificial organs: From physiological requirements to fabrication processes and resulting properties. A critical review. Cells Tissues Organs 2021; 211:420-446. [PMID: 34433163 DOI: 10.1159/000519207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nele Pien
- Laboratory for Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Canada Research Chair Tier I for the Innovation in Surgery, Department of Min-Met-Materials Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, CHU de Quebec Research Center, Laval University, Quebec City, Québec, Canada
- Polymer Chemistry & Biomaterials Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sara Palladino
- Laboratory for Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Canada Research Chair Tier I for the Innovation in Surgery, Department of Min-Met-Materials Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, CHU de Quebec Research Center, Laval University, Quebec City, Québec, Canada
- GenT Lab, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Copes
- Laboratory for Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Canada Research Chair Tier I for the Innovation in Surgery, Department of Min-Met-Materials Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, CHU de Quebec Research Center, Laval University, Quebec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Gabriele Candiani
- GenT Lab, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Peter Dubruel
- Polymer Chemistry & Biomaterials Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sandra Van Vlierberghe
- Polymer Chemistry & Biomaterials Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Diego Mantovani
- Laboratory for Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Canada Research Chair Tier I for the Innovation in Surgery, Department of Min-Met-Materials Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, CHU de Quebec Research Center, Laval University, Quebec City, Québec, Canada
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Asgari F, Asgari HR, Najafi M, Eftekhari BS, Vardiani M, Gholipourmalekabadi M, Koruji M. Optimization of decellularized human placental macroporous scaffolds for spermatogonial stem cells homing. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2021; 32:47. [PMID: 33891169 PMCID: PMC8065005 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-021-06517-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Decellularized scaffolds have been found to be excellent platforms for tissue engineering applications. The attempts are still being made to optimize a decellularization protocol with successful removal of the cells with minimal damages to extracellular matrix components. We examined twelve decellularization procedures using different concentrations of Sodium dodecyl sulfate and Triton X-100 (alone or in combination), and incubation time points of 15 or 30 min. Then, the potential of the decellularized scaffold as a three-dimensional substrate for colony formation capacity of mouse spermatogonial stem cells was determined. The morphological, degradation, biocompatibility, and swelling properties of the samples were fully characterized. The 0.5%/30 SDS/Triton showed optimal decellularization with minimal negative effects on ECM (P ≤ 0.05). The swelling ratios increased with the increase of SDS and Triton concentration and incubation time. Only 0.5%/15 and 30 SDS showed a significant decrease in the SSCs viability compared with other groups (P < 0.05). The SSCs colony formation was clearly observed under SEM and H&E stained slides. The cells infiltrated into the subcutaneously implanted scaffold at days 7 and 30 post-implantation with no sign of graft rejection. Our data suggest the %0.5/30 SDS/Triton as an excellent platform for tissue engineering and reproductive biology applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Asgari
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Asgari
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Najafi
- Biochemistry Department, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Centre, Iran University of Medicine Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behnaz Sadat Eftekhari
- Biomaterials Group, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Physiology and Institute for Medicine and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Mina Vardiani
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mazaher Gholipourmalekabadi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Centre, Iran University of Medicine Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Morteza Koruji
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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12
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Wang J, Zhang H, Feng Y, Sun Y, Ma R, Cui P. Biomechanical changes of freezer-storaged and decellularized pig tracheal scaffoldings. J Biomater Appl 2021; 35:1208-1217. [PMID: 33478313 DOI: 10.1177/0885328220985662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As an excellent xenotransplant, the pig trachea can be decellularized and cryopreserved to reduce its immunogenicity. However, few reports are found on the changes of its mechanical properties after cryopreservation and decellularization. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the structure and biomechanical properties in pig tracheal scaffolds resulting from decellularized and cryopreserved. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty-five pig tracheal segments were separated into five groups: untreated (group A), only decellularized (group B), only cryopreserved (group C), decellularized after cryopreserved (group D) and cryopreserved after decellularized (group E). Tracheal segments were subjected to uniaxial tension or compression using a universal testing machine to determine structural biomechanical changes. RESULTS It showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the tensile strength of the trachea in each group. The compressive strength of group B, C and D were same as the group A (P > 0.05), while the group E was lower than that of the group A (P < 0.05).Conclusions and significance: The histological examination of the decellularization after cryopreservation shows that the removal of epithelial cells and submucosal cells is more thorough, and the biomechanical structure of the trachea is better preserved. This proved to be a new method to prepare xenotransplantation of trachea graft.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinping Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Otolaryngology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Haixiang Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Yangmeng Feng
- Central Laboratory, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Yang Sun
- Data Center, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Ruina Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Pengcheng Cui
- Department of Otolaryngology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Asgari F, Khosravimelal S, Koruji M, Aliakbar Ahovan Z, Shirani A, Hashemi A, Ghasemi Hamidabadi H, Chauhan NPS, Moroni L, Reis RL, Kundu SC, Gholipourmalekabadi M. Long-term preservation effects on biological properties of acellular placental sponge patches. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 121:111814. [PMID: 33579458 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Decellularization, preservation protocol and storage time influence the biomechanical and biological properties of allografts and xenografts. Here, we examined the consequences of storage time on the antibacterial, angiogenic and biocompatibility properties of the decellularized placental sponge (DPS) in vitro and in vivo. The DPS samples were preserved for one, three and six months at -20 °C. The decellularized scaffolds showed uniform morphology with interconnected pores compared with not decellularized sponges. Storage time did not interfere with collagen and vascular endothelial growth factor contents, and cytobiocompatibility for Hu02 fibroblast cells. Chorioallantoic membrane assay and subcutaneous implantation indicated a decreased new vessel formation and neovascularization in six months DPS sample compared with other experimental groups. The number of CD4+ and CD68+ cells infiltrated into the six months DPS on the implanted site showed a significant increase compared with one and three months sponges. The antibacterial activities and angiogenic properties of the DPS decreased over storage time. Three months preservation at -20 °C is suggested as the optimal storage period to retain its antibacterial activity and high stimulation of new vessel formation. This storage protocol could be considered for preservation of similar decellularized placenta-derived products with the aim of retaining their biological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Asgari
- Stem cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadjad Khosravimelal
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Koruji
- Stem cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Aliakbar Ahovan
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Shirani
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Hashemi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hatef Ghasemi Hamidabadi
- Immunogenetic Research Center, Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | | | - Lorenzo Moroni
- Complex Tissue Regeneration Department, Maastricht University, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Universiteitssingel 40, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3Bs Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradable and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, AvePark, Guimaraes, Portugal
| | - Subhas C Kundu
- 3Bs Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradable and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, AvePark, Guimaraes, Portugal.
| | - Mazaher Gholipourmalekabadi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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14
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3D Printing Decellularized Extracellular Matrix to Design Biomimetic Scaffolds for Skeletal Muscle Tissue Engineering. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:2689701. [PMID: 33282941 PMCID: PMC7685790 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2689701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Functional engineered muscles are still a critical clinical issue to be addressed, although different strategies have been considered so far for the treatment of severe muscular injuries. Indeed, the regenerative capacity of skeletal muscle (SM) results inadequate for large-scale defects, and currently, SM reconstruction remains a complex and unsolved task. For this aim, tissue engineered muscles should provide a proper biomimetic extracellular matrix (ECM) alternative, characterized by an aligned/microtopographical structure and a myogenic microenvironment, in order to promote muscle regeneration. As a consequence, both materials and fabrication techniques play a key role to plan an effective therapeutic approach. Tissue-specific decellularized ECM (dECM) seems to be one of the most promising material to support muscle regeneration and repair. 3D printing technologies, on the other side, enable the fabrication of scaffolds with a fine and detailed microarchitecture and patient-specific implants with high structural complexity. To identify innovative biomimetic solutions to develop engineered muscular constructs for the treatment of SM loss, the more recent (last 5 years) reports focused on SM dECM-based scaffolds and 3D printing technologies for SM regeneration are herein reviewed. Possible design inputs for 3D printed SM dECM-based scaffolds for muscular regeneration are also suggested.
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15
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Ben Hamouda S, Vargas A, Boivin R, Miglino MA, da Palma RK, Lavoie JP. Recellularization of Bronchial Extracellular Matrix With Primary Bronchial Smooth Muscle Cells. J Equine Vet Sci 2020; 96:103313. [PMID: 33349413 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2020.103313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Severe asthma is associated with an increased airway smooth muscle (ASM) mass and altered composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Studies have indicated that ECM-ASM cell interactions contribute to this remodeling and its limited reversibility with current therapy. Three-dimensional matrices allow the study of complex cellular responses to different stimuli in an almost natural environment. Our goal was to obtain acellular bronchial matrices and then develop a recellularization protocol with ASM cells. We studied equine bronchi as horses spontaneously develop a human asthma-like disease. The bronchi were decellularized using Triton/Sodium Deoxycholate. The obtained scaffolds retained their anatomical and histological properties. Using immunohistochemistry and a semi-quantitative score to compare native bronchi to scaffolds revealed no significant variation for matrixial proteins. DNA quantification and electrophoresis revealed that most DNA was 29.6 ng/mg of tissue ± 5.6, with remaining fragments of less than 100 bp. Primary ASM cells were seeded on the scaffolds. Histological analysis of the recellularizations showed that ASM cells migrated and proliferated primarily in the decellularized smooth muscle matrix, suggesting a chemotactic effect of the scaffolds. This is the first report of primary ASM cells preferentially repopulating the smooth muscle matrix layer in bronchial matrices. This protocol is now being used to study the molecular interactions occurring between the asthmatic ECMs and ASM to identify effectors of asthmatic bronchial remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selma Ben Hamouda
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, St-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Amandine Vargas
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, St-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | - Roxane Boivin
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, St-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | - Maria Angelica Miglino
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Jean-Pierre Lavoie
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, St-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada.
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16
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Feng H, Xu Y, Luo S, Dang H, Liu K, Sun WQ. Evaluation and preservation of vascular architectures in decellularized whole rat kidneys. Cryobiology 2020; 95:72-79. [PMID: 32526236 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2020.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Organ transplantation is the gold standard treatment for end-stage organ failure. Due to the severe shortage of transplantable organs, only a tiny fraction of patients may receive timely organ transplantation every year. Decellularization-recellularization technology using allogeneic and xenogeneic organs is currently conceived to be a promising solution to generate functionally transplantable organs in vitro. This approach, however, still faces tremendous technological challenges, one of them being the ability to evaluate and preserve the integrity of vascular architectures upon decellularization and cryostorage of the whole organ matrices so that the off-the-shelf organ grafts are available on demand for clinical applications. In the present study, we report a Micro-CT imaging method for evaluating the integrity of vasculature of the decellularized whole organ scaffolds with/without freezing/thawing. The method uses radiopaque Microfil perfusion and x-ray fluoroscopy to acquire high-resolution angiography of the organ matrix. The whole rat kidney is decellularized using a new multistep perfusion protocol with the combined use of Triton X-100 and DNase. The decellularized kidney matrix is then cryopreserved after the pretreatment with different cryoprotectant solutions. The reconstructed tomographic images from Micro-CT confirm various structural alterations in the vasculature of the whole decellularized kidney matrix with/without frozen storage. The freezing damage to the vascular architectures can be reduced by perfusing cryoprotectant solutions into the whole kidney matrix. Ice-free cryopreservation with the vitrification solution VS83 can successfully preserve the integrity of the whole kidney matrix's vasculature after frozen storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haikao Feng
- Institute of Bio-thermal Science and Technology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Institute of Bio-thermal Science and Technology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China.
| | - Sichang Luo
- Institute of Bio-thermal Science and Technology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Hangyu Dang
- Institute of Bio-thermal Science and Technology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Ke Liu
- Institute of Bio-thermal Science and Technology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Wendell Q Sun
- Institute of Bio-thermal Science and Technology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
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17
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Liao J, Xu B, Zhang R, Fan Y, Xie H, Li X. Applications of decellularized materials in tissue engineering: advantages, drawbacks and current improvements, and future perspectives. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:10023-10049. [PMID: 33053004 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb01534b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Decellularized materials (DMs) are attracting more and more attention in tissue engineering because of their many unique advantages, and they could be further improved in some aspects through various means.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liao
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering
- Beihang University
- Beijing 100083
| | - Bo Xu
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering
- Beihang University
- Beijing 100083
| | - Ruihong Zhang
- Department of Research and Teaching
- the Fourth Central Hospital of Baoding City
- Baoding 072350
- China
| | - Yubo Fan
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering
- Beihang University
- Beijing 100083
| | - Huiqi Xie
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center
- West China Hospital
- Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy
- Chengdu 610041
| | - Xiaoming Li
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering
- Beihang University
- Beijing 100083
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18
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Suzuki T, Ota C, Fujino N, Tando Y, Suzuki S, Yamada M, Kondo T, Okada Y, Kubo H. Improving the viability of tissue-resident stem cells using an organ-preservation solution. FEBS Open Bio 2019; 9:2093-2104. [PMID: 31642604 PMCID: PMC6886303 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Human clinical specimens are a valuable source of tissue‐resident stem cells, but such cells need to be collected immediately after tissue collection. To extend the timescale for collection from fresh human samples, we developed a new extracellular fluid (ECF)‐type preservation solution based on a high‐sodium and low‐potassium solution containing low‐molecular‐weight dextran and glucose, which is used for preservation of organs for transplantation. In this study, we compared the preservation of tissue‐resident stem cells using our ECF solution with that using three other solutions: PBS, Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium and Euro‐Collins solution. These solutions represent a common buffer, a common culture medium and a benchmark organ‐preservation solution, respectively. Lung tissues were removed from mice and preserved for 72 h under low‐temperature conditions. Of the solutions tested, only preservation in the ECF‐type solution could maintain the proliferation and differentiation capacity of mouse lung tissue‐resident stem cells. In addition, the ECF solution could preserve the viability and proliferation of human alveolar epithelial progenitor cells when stored for more than 7 days at 4 °C. The mean viability of human alveolar type II cells at 2, 5, 8 and 14 days of low‐temperature preservation was 90.9%, 84.8%, 85.7% and 66.3%, respectively, with no significant differences up to 8 days. Overall, our findings show that use of our ECF‐type preservation solution may maintain the viability and function of tissue‐resident stem cells. Use of this preservation solution may facilitate the investigation of currently unobtainable human tissue specimens for human stem cell biology. Here, we describe a newly developed extracellular fluid‐type organ preservation solution that maintained the viability of human lung stem/progenitor cells, such as alveolar type II cells, during 7‐day refrigerated preservation after the collection of lung specimens in local hospitals. This ready‐to‐use solution may be suitable for the transport of human clinical specimens from hospitals to scientific and bioengineering laboratories.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaya Suzuki
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Chiharu Ota
- Department of Pediatrics, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Naoya Fujino
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yukiko Tando
- Cell Resource Center for Biomedical Research, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Satoshi Suzuki
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Ishinomaki Hospital, Ishinomaki, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Yamada
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takashi Kondo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Okada
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kubo
- Department of Advanced Preventive Medicine for Infectious Disease, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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19
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Guo JL, Kim YS, Mikos AG. Biomacromolecules for Tissue Engineering: Emerging Biomimetic Strategies. Biomacromolecules 2019; 20:2904-2912. [PMID: 31282658 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b00792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Biomacromolecules used for tissue engineering must possess either inherent biochemical cues for tissue regeneration or be chemically modified to incorporate bioactive, tissue-specific moieties. To this end, many strategies have emerged recently in the field to both utilize novel bioinspired macromolecules for tissue engineering and apply bioconjugation strategies for the functionalization of biomacromolecules with tissue-specific cues and other biological properties of interest. Furthermore, biomacromolecules have been processed into more highly biomimetic and clinically deliverable scaffold and hydrogel systems using 3D printing and the fabrication of in situ forming hydrogels, respectively. To support these advances, tissue engineers have also pursued greater spatiotemporal control over macromolecular bioactivity and the modulation of scaffold and hydrogel properties in response to both physiological and external stimuli. This Perspective thus highlights a few notable advances and techniques in the usage of biomacromolecules for tissue engineering applications, including new bioinspired macromolecules, advanced hydrogel and scaffold fabrication techniques, and spatiotemporal control over biomacromolecule constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason L Guo
- Department of Bioengineering , Rice University , 6500 Main Street , Houston , Texas 77030 , United States
| | - Yu Seon Kim
- Department of Bioengineering , Rice University , 6500 Main Street , Houston , Texas 77030 , United States
| | - Antonios G Mikos
- Department of Bioengineering , Rice University , 6500 Main Street , Houston , Texas 77030 , United States
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20
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Preservation Strategies that Support the Scale-up and Automation of Tissue Biomanufacturing. CURRENT STEM CELL REPORTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s40778-018-0126-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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21
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Fakoya AOJ, Otohinoyi DA, Yusuf J. Current Trends in Biomaterial Utilization for Cardiopulmonary System Regeneration. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:3123961. [PMID: 29853910 PMCID: PMC5949153 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3123961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The cardiopulmonary system is made up of the heart and the lungs, with the core function of one complementing the other. The unimpeded and optimal cycling of blood between these two systems is pivotal to the overall function of the entire human body. Although the function of the cardiopulmonary system appears uncomplicated, the tissues that make up this system are undoubtedly complex. Hence, damage to this system is undesirable as its capacity to self-regenerate is quite limited. The surge in the incidence and prevalence of cardiopulmonary diseases has reached a critical state for a top-notch response as it currently tops the mortality table. Several therapies currently being utilized can only sustain chronically ailing patients for a short period while they are awaiting a possible transplant, which is also not devoid of complications. Regenerative therapeutic techniques now appear to be a potential approach to solve this conundrum posed by these poorly self-regenerating tissues. Stem cell therapy alone appears not to be sufficient to provide the desired tissue regeneration and hence the drive for biomaterials that can support its transplantation and translation, providing not only physical support to seeded cells but also chemical and physiological cues to the cells to facilitate tissue regeneration. The cardiac and pulmonary systems, although literarily seen as just being functionally and spatially cooperative, as shown by their diverse and dissimilar adult cellular and tissue composition has been proven to share some common embryological codevelopment. However, necessitating their consideration for separate review is the immense adult architectural difference in these systems. This review also looks at details on new biological and synthetic biomaterials, tissue engineering, nanotechnology, and organ decellularization for cardiopulmonary regenerative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Joshua Yusuf
- All Saints University School of Medicine, Roseau, Dominica
- All Saints University School of Medicine, Kingstown, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
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22
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Abstract
Trachea replacement for nonoperable defects remains an unsolved problem due to complications with stenosis and mechanical insufficiency. While native trachea has anisotropic mechanical properties, the vast majority of engineered constructs focus on uniform cartilaginous-like conduits. These conduits often lack quantitative mechanical analysis at the construct level, which limits analysis of functional outcomes in vivo, as well as comparisons across studies. This review aims to present a clear picture of native tracheal mechanics at the tissue and organ level, as well as loading conditions to establish design criteria for trachea replacements. We further explore the implications of failing to match native properties with regards to implant collapse, stenosis, and infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth M Boazak
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York, Steinman Hall, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, New York 10031, United States
| | - Debra T Auguste
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York, Steinman Hall, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, New York 10031, United States.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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23
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Ghorbani F, Moradi L, Shadmehr MB, Bonakdar S, Droodinia A, Safshekan F. In-vivo characterization of a 3D hybrid scaffold based on PCL/decellularized aorta for tracheal tissue engineering. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 81:74-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.04.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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24
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Urbani L, Maghsoudlou P, Milan A, Menikou M, Hagen CK, Totonelli G, Camilli C, Eaton S, Burns A, Olivo A, De Coppi P. Long-term cryopreservation of decellularised oesophagi for tissue engineering clinical application. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0179341. [PMID: 28599006 PMCID: PMC5466304 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Oesophageal tissue engineering is a therapeutic alternative when oesophageal replacement is required. Decellularised scaffolds are ideal as they are derived from tissue-specific extracellular matrix and are non-immunogenic. However, appropriate preservation may significantly affect scaffold behaviour. Here we aim to prove that an effective method for short- and long-term preservation can be applied to tissue engineered products allowing their translation to clinical application. Rabbit oesophagi were decellularised using the detergent-enzymatic treatment (DET), a combination of deionised water, sodium deoxycholate and DNase-I. Samples were stored in phosphate-buffered saline solution at 4°C (4°C) or slow cooled in medium with 10% Me2SO at -1°C/min followed by storage in liquid nitrogen (SCM). Structural and functional analyses were performed prior to and after 2 and 4 weeks and 3 and 6 months of storage under each condition. Efficient decellularisation was achieved after 2 cycles of DET as determined with histology and DNA quantification, with preservation of the ECM. Only the SCM method, commonly used for cell storage, maintained the architecture and biomechanical properties of the scaffold up to 6 months. On the contrary, 4°C method was effective for short-term storage but led to a progressive distortion and degradation of the tissue architecture at the following time points. Efficient storage allows a timely use of decellularised oesophagi, essential for clinical translation. Here we describe that slow cooling with cryoprotectant solution in liquid nitrogen vapour leads to reliable long-term storage of decellularised oesophageal scaffolds for tissue engineering purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Urbani
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, UCL, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (LU); (PDC)
| | | | - Anna Milan
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, UCL, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Menikou
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, UCL, London, United Kingdom
| | - Charlotte Klara Hagen
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, UCL, London, United Kingdom
| | - Giorgia Totonelli
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, UCL, London, United Kingdom
| | - Carlotta Camilli
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, UCL, London, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Eaton
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, UCL, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alan Burns
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, UCL, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alessandro Olivo
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, UCL, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paolo De Coppi
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, UCL, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (LU); (PDC)
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25
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Butler CR, Hynds RE, Crowley C, Gowers KHC, Partington L, Hamilton NJ, Carvalho C, Platé M, Samuel ER, Burns AJ, Urbani L, Birchall MA, Lowdell MW, De Coppi P, Janes SM. Vacuum-assisted decellularization: an accelerated protocol to generate tissue-engineered human tracheal scaffolds. Biomaterials 2017; 124:95-105. [PMID: 28189871 PMCID: PMC5332556 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Patients with large tracheal lesions unsuitable for conventional endoscopic or open operations may require a tracheal replacement but there is no present consensus of how this may be achieved. Tissue engineering using decellularized or synthetic tracheal scaffolds offers a new avenue for airway reconstruction. Decellularized human donor tracheal scaffolds have been applied in compassionate-use clinical cases but naturally derived extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds demand lengthy preparation times. Here, we compare a clinically applied detergent-enzymatic method (DEM) with an accelerated vacuum-assisted decellularization (VAD) protocol. We examined the histological appearance, DNA content and extracellular matrix composition of human donor tracheae decellularized using these techniques. Further, we performed scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and biomechanical testing to analyze decellularization performance. To assess the biocompatibility of scaffolds generated using VAD, we seeded scaffolds with primary human airway epithelial cells in vitro and performed in vivo chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) and subcutaneous implantation assays. Both DEM and VAD protocols produced well-decellularized tracheal scaffolds with no adverse mechanical effects and scaffolds retained the capacity for in vitro and in vivo cellular integration. We conclude that the substantial reduction in time required to produce scaffolds using VAD compared to DEM (approximately 9 days vs. 3–8 weeks) does not compromise the quality of human tracheal scaffold generated. These findings might inform clinical decellularization techniques as VAD offers accelerated scaffold production and reduces the associated costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin R Butler
- Lungs for Living Research Centre, UCL Respiratory, University College London, London, UK; Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Section, UCL Institute of Child Health and Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - Robert E Hynds
- Lungs for Living Research Centre, UCL Respiratory, University College London, London, UK
| | - Claire Crowley
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Section, UCL Institute of Child Health and Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - Kate H C Gowers
- Lungs for Living Research Centre, UCL Respiratory, University College London, London, UK
| | - Leanne Partington
- Department of Haematology, Royal Free Hospital and University College London, London, UK
| | - Nicholas J Hamilton
- Lungs for Living Research Centre, UCL Respiratory, University College London, London, UK
| | - Carla Carvalho
- Department of Haematology, Royal Free Hospital and University College London, London, UK
| | - Manuela Platé
- Lungs for Living Research Centre, UCL Respiratory, University College London, London, UK
| | - Edward R Samuel
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Section, UCL Institute of Child Health and Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - Alan J Burns
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Section, UCL Institute of Child Health and Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK; Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Luca Urbani
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Section, UCL Institute of Child Health and Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - Martin A Birchall
- UCL Ear Institute, The Royal National Throat Nose and Ear Hospital, London, UK
| | - Mark W Lowdell
- Department of Haematology, Royal Free Hospital and University College London, London, UK
| | - Paolo De Coppi
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Section, UCL Institute of Child Health and Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK.
| | - Sam M Janes
- Lungs for Living Research Centre, UCL Respiratory, University College London, London, UK.
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Romero-López M, Trinh AL, Sobrino A, Hatch MMS, Keating MT, Fimbres C, Lewis DE, Gershon PD, Botvinick EL, Digman M, Lowengrub JS, Hughes CCW. Recapitulating the human tumor microenvironment: Colon tumor-derived extracellular matrix promotes angiogenesis and tumor cell growth. Biomaterials 2016; 116:118-129. [PMID: 27914984 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) is an essential and dynamic component of all tissues and directly affects cellular behavior by providing both mechanical and biochemical signaling cues. Changes in ECM can alter tissue homeostasis, potentially leading to promotion of cellular transformation and the generation of tumors. Therefore, understanding ECM compositional changes during cancer progression is vital to the development of targeted treatments. Previous efforts to reproduce the native 3D cellular microenvironment have utilized protein gels and scaffolds that incompletely recapitulate the complexity of native tissues. Here, we address this problem by extracting and comparing ECM from normal human colon and colon tumor that had metastasized to liver. We found differences in protein composition and stiffness, and observed significant differences in vascular network formation and tumor growth in each of the reconstituted matrices, both in vitro and in vivo. We studied free/bound ratios of NADH in the tumor and endothelial cells using Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy as a surrogate for the metabolic state of the cells. We observed that cells seeded in tumor ECM had higher relative levels of free NADH, consistent with a higher glycolytic rate, than those seeded in normal ECM. These results demonstrate that the ECM plays an important role in the growth of cancer cells and their associated vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Romero-López
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Henry Samueli School of Engineering, UC Irvine, USA
| | - Andrew L Trinh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Henry Samueli School of Engineering, UC Irvine, USA
| | - Agua Sobrino
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Henry Samueli School of Engineering, UC Irvine, USA
| | - Michaela M S Hatch
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, UC Irvine, USA
| | - Mark T Keating
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Henry Samueli School of Engineering, UC Irvine, USA
| | - Cristhian Fimbres
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Henry Samueli School of Engineering, UC Irvine, USA
| | - David E Lewis
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, UC Irvine, USA
| | - Paul D Gershon
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, UC Irvine, USA
| | - Elliot L Botvinick
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Henry Samueli School of Engineering, UC Irvine, USA; The Edwards Lifesciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, UC Irvine, USA
| | - Michelle Digman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Henry Samueli School of Engineering, UC Irvine, USA
| | - John S Lowengrub
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Henry Samueli School of Engineering, UC Irvine, USA; Department of Mathematics, School of Physical Sciences, UC Irvine, USA
| | - Christopher C W Hughes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Henry Samueli School of Engineering, UC Irvine, USA; Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, UC Irvine, USA; The Edwards Lifesciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, UC Irvine, USA.
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Tan YJ, Tan X, Yeong WY, Tor SB. Additive Manufacturing of Patient-Customizable Scaffolds for Tubular Tissues Using the Melt-Drawing Method. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2016; 9:E893. [PMID: 28774013 PMCID: PMC5457202 DOI: 10.3390/ma9110893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Revised: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Polymeric fibrous scaffolds for guiding cell growth are designed to be potentially used for the tissue engineering (TE) of tubular organs including esophagi, blood vessels, tracheas, etc. Tubular scaffolds were fabricated via melt-drawing of highly elastic poly(l-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLC) fibers layer-by-layer on a cylindrical mandrel. The diameter and length of the scaffolds are customizable via 3D printing of the mandrel. Thickness of the scaffolds was varied by changing the number of layers of the melt-drawing process. The morphology and tensile properties of the PLC fibers were investigated. The fibers were highly aligned with a uniform diameter. Their diameters and tensile properties were tunable by varying the melt-drawing speeds. These tailorable topographies and tensile properties show that the additive-based scaffold fabrication technique is customizable at the micro- and macro-scale for different tubular tissues. The merits of these scaffolds in TE were further shown by the finding that myoblast and fibroblast cells seeded onto the scaffolds in vitro showed appropriate cell proliferation and distribution. Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) differentiated to smooth muscle lineage on the microfibrous scaffolds in the absence of soluble induction factors, showing cellular shape modulation and scaffold elasticity may encourage the myogenic differentiation of stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jun Tan
- Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
| | - Xipeng Tan
- Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
| | - Wai Yee Yeong
- Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
| | - Shu Beng Tor
- Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
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Shotorbani BB, Alizadeh E, Salehi R, Barzegar A. Adhesion of mesenchymal stem cells to biomimetic polymers: A review. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 71:1192-1200. [PMID: 27987676 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are promising candidates for cell therapy due to the self-renewal, multi-potency, ethically approved state and suitability for autologous transplantation. However, key issue for isolation and manipulation of MSCs is adhesion in ex-vivo culture systems. Biomaterials engineered for mimicking natural extracellular matrix (ECM) conditions which support stem cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation represent a main area of research in tissue engineering. Some of them successfully enhanced cells adhesion and proliferation because of their biocompatibility, biomimetic texture, and chemistry. However, it is still in its infancy, therefore intensification and optimization of in vitro, in vivo, and preclinical studies is needed to clarify efficacies as well as applicability of those bioengineered constructs. The aim of this review is to discuss mechanisms related to the in-vitro adhesion of MSCs, surfaces biochemical, biophysical, and other factors (of cell's natural and artificial micro-environment) which could affect it and a review of previous research attempting for its bio-chemo-optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Effat Alizadeh
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Drug Applied Research Center and Faculty of advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; The Umbilical Cord Stem Cell Research Center (UCSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Roya Salehi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Drug Applied Research Center and Faculty of advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; The Umbilical Cord Stem Cell Research Center (UCSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Barzegar
- Research Institute for Fundamental Sciences (RIFS), University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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29
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Zambon A, Vetralla M, Urbani L, Pantano MF, Ferrentino G, Pozzobon M, Pugno NM, De Coppi P, Elvassore N, Spilimbergo S. Dry acellular oesophageal matrix prepared by supercritical carbon dioxide. J Supercrit Fluids 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Agmon G, Christman KL. Controlling stem cell behavior with decellularized extracellular matrix scaffolds. CURRENT OPINION IN SOLID STATE & MATERIALS SCIENCE 2016; 20:193-201. [PMID: 27524932 PMCID: PMC4979580 DOI: 10.1016/j.cossms.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Decellularized tissues have become a common regenerative medicine platform with multiple materials being researched in academic laboratories, tested in animal studies, and used clinically. Ideally, when a tissue is decellularized the native cell niche is maintained with many of the structural and biochemical cues that naturally interact with the cells of that particular tissue. This makes decellularized tissue materials an excellent platform for providing cells with the signals needed to initiate and maintain differentiation into tissue-specific lineages. The extracellular matrix (ECM) that remains after the decellularization process contains the components of a tissue specific microenvironment that is not possible to create synthetically. The ECM of each tissue has a different composition and structure and therefore has unique properties and potential for affecting cell behavior. This review describes the common methods for preparing decellularized tissue materials and the effects that decellularized materials from different tissues have on cell phenotype.
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31
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Mengoni M, Jones AC, Wilcox RK. Modelling the failure precursor mechanism of lamellar fibrous tissues, example of the annulus fibrosus. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2016; 63:265-272. [PMID: 27442918 PMCID: PMC4994766 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2016.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Revised: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The aims of this study were to assess the damage and failure strengths of lamellar fibrous tissues, such as the anterior annulus fibrosus (AF), and to develop a mathematical model of damage propagation of the lamellae and inter-lamellar connections. This level of modelling is needed to accurately predict the effect of damage and failure induced by trauma or clinical interventions. 26 ovine anterior AF cuboid specimens from 11 lumbar intervertebral discs were tested in radial tension and mechanical parameters defining damage and failure were extracted from the in-vitro data. Equivalent 1D analytical models were developed to represent the specimen strength and the damage propagation, accounting for the specimen dimensions and number of lamellae. Model parameters were calibrated on the in-vitro data. Similar to stiffness values reported for other orientations, the outer annulus was found stronger than the inner annulus in the radial direction, with failure at higher stress values. The inner annulus failed more progressively, showing macroscopic failure at a higher strain value. The 1D analytical model of damage showed that lamellar damage is predominant in the failure mechanism of the AF. The analytical model of the connections between lamellae allowed us to represent separately damage processes in the lamellae and the inter-lamellar connections, which cannot be experimentally tested individually.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlène Mengoni
- Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - Alison C Jones
- Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering, University of Leeds, UK
| | - Ruth K Wilcox
- Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering, University of Leeds, UK
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32
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Hussein KH, Park KM, Kang KS, Woo HM. Biocompatibility evaluation of tissue-engineered decellularized scaffolds for biomedical application. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 67:766-778. [PMID: 27287176 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.05.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Revised: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Biomaterials based on seeding of cells on decellularized scaffolds have gained increasing interest in the last few years and suggested to serve as an alternative approach to bioengineer artificial organs and tissues for transplantation. The reaction of the host toward the decellularized scaffold and transplanted cells depends on the biocompatibility of the construct. Before proceeding to the clinical application step of decellularized scaffolds, it is greatly important to apply a number of biocompatibility tests in vitro and in vivo. This review describes the different methodology involved in cytotoxicity, pathogenicity, immunogenicity and biodegradability testing for evaluating the biocompatibility of various decellularized matrices obtained from human or animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Hany Hussein
- Stem Cell Institute, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200-701, Korea; Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, South Korea; Adult Stem Cell Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Mee Park
- Stem Cell Institute, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200-701, Korea; Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, South Korea; Adult Stem Cell Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Sun Kang
- Adult Stem Cell Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea; Institue of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200-701, South Korea
| | - Heung-Myong Woo
- Stem Cell Institute, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200-701, Korea; Institue of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200-701, South Korea; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA 02115, USA.
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Genipin cross-linked decellularized tracheal tubular matrix for tracheal tissue engineering applications. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24429. [PMID: 27080716 PMCID: PMC4832209 DOI: 10.1038/srep24429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Decellularization techniques have been widely used as an alternative strategy for organ reconstruction. This study investigated the mechanical, pro-angiogenic and in vivo biocompatibility properties of decellularized airway matrices cross-linked with genipin. New Zealand rabbit tracheae were decellularized and cross-linked with genipin, a naturally derived agent. The results demonstrated that, a significant (p < 0.05) increase in the secant modulus was computed for the cross-linked tracheae, compared to the decellularized samples. Angiogenic assays demonstrated that decellularized tracheal scaffolds and cross-linked tracheae treated with 1% genipin induce strong in vivo angiogenic responses (CAM analysis). Seven, 15 and 30 days after implantation, decreased (p < 0.01) inflammatory reactions were observed in the xenograft models for the genipin cross-linked tracheae matrices compared with control tracheae, and no increase in the IgM or IgG content was observed in rats. In conclusion, treatment with genipin improves the mechanical properties of decellularized airway matrices without altering the pro-angiogenic properties or eliciting an in vivo inflammatory response.
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Johnson C, Sheshadri P, Ketchum JM, Narayanan LK, Weinberger PM, Shirwaiker RA. In vitro characterization of design and compressive properties of 3D-biofabricated/decellularized hybrid grafts for tracheal tissue engineering. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2016; 59:572-585. [PMID: 27062124 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2016.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Infection or damage to the trachea, a thin walled and cartilage reinforced conduit that connects the pharynx and larynx to the lungs, leads to serious respiratory medical conditions which can often prove fatal. Current clinical strategies for complex tracheal reconstruction are of limited availability and efficacy, but tissue engineering and regenerative medicine approaches may provide viable alternatives. In this study, we have developed a new "hybrid graft" approach that utilizes decellularized tracheal tissue along with a resorbable polymer scaffold, and holds promise for potential clinical applications. First, we evaluated the effect of our decellularization process on the compression properties of porcine tracheal segments, and noted approximately 63% decrease in resistance to compression following decellularization. Next we developed four C-shape scaffold designs by varying the base geometry and thickness, and fabricated polycaprolactone scaffolds using a combination of 3D-Bioplotting and thermally-assisted forming. All scaffolds designs were evaluated in vitro under three different environmental testing conditions to determine the design that offered the best resistance to compression. These were further studied to determine the effect of gamma radiation sterilization and cyclic compression loading. Finally, hybrid grafts were developed by securing these optimal design scaffolds to decellularized tracheal segments and evaluated in vitro under physiological testing conditions. Results show that the resistance to compression offered by the hybrid grafts created using gamma radiation sterilized scaffolds was comparable to that of fresh tracheal segments. Given that current clinical attempts at tracheal transplantation using decellularized tissue have been fraught with luminal collapse and complications, our data support the possibility that future embodiments using a hybrid graft approach may reduce the need for intraluminal stenting in tracheal transplant recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Johnson
- Department of Otolaryngology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States
| | - Priyanka Sheshadri
- Edward P. Fitts Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States
| | - Jessica M Ketchum
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States
| | - Lokesh K Narayanan
- Edward P. Fitts Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States
| | - Paul M Weinberger
- Department of Otolaryngology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States; Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States; Georgia Regents Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States.
| | - Rohan A Shirwaiker
- Edward P. Fitts Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States; Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina - North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States.
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Ghazanfari S, Driessen-Mol A, Hoerstrup SP, Baaijens FP, Bouten CV. Collagen Matrix Remodeling in Stented Pulmonary Arteries after Transapical Heart Valve Replacement. Cells Tissues Organs 2016; 201:159-69. [DOI: 10.1159/000442521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of valved stents for minimally invasive replacement of semilunar heart valves is expected to change the extracellular matrix and mechanical function of the native artery and may thus impair long-term functionality of the implant. Here we investigate the impact of the stent on matrix remodeling of the pulmonary artery in a sheep model, focusing on matrix composition and collagen (re)orientation of the host tissue. Ovine native pulmonary arteries were harvested 8 (n = 2), 16 (n = 4) and 24 (n = 2) weeks after transapical implantation of self-expandable stented heart valves. Second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy was used to assess the collagen (re)orientation of fresh tissue samples. The collagen and elastin content was quantified using biochemical assays. SHG microscopy revealed regional differences in collagen organization in all explants. In the adventitial layer of the arterial wall far distal to the stent (considered as the control tissue), we observed wavy collagen fibers oriented in the circumferential direction. These circumferential fibers were more straightened in the adventitial layer located behind the stent. On the luminal side of the wall behind the stent, collagen fibers were aligned along the stent struts and randomly oriented between the struts. Immediately distal to the stent, however, fibers on both the luminal and the adventitial side of the wall were oriented in the axial direction, demonstrating the stent impact on the collagen structure of surrounding arterial tissues. Collagen orientation patterns did not change with implantation time, and biochemical analyses showed no changes in the trend of collagen and elastin content with implantation time or location of the vascular wall. We hypothesize that the collagen fibers on the adventitial side of the arterial wall and behind the stent straighten in response to the arterial stretch caused by oversizing of the stent. However, the collagen organization on the luminal side suggests that stent-induced remodeling is dominated by contact guidance.
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Hung SH, Su CH, Lin SE, Tseng H. Preliminary experiences in trachea scaffold tissue engineering with segmental organ decellularization. Laryngoscope 2016; 126:2520-2527. [PMID: 26928374 DOI: 10.1002/lary.25932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS Ideal methods for reconstructing the tracheal structure and restoring tracheal function following damage to the trachea or removal of the trachea have not been developed. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of using a whole segment decellularized tracheal scaffold to reconstruct the trachea. STUDY DESIGN Prospective experimental design. SETTING In vivo rabbit model. METHODS Trachea scaffolds were created using our previously developed freeze-dry-sonication-sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), [FDSS] decellularization process. After histological and mechanical testing, the scaffolds were transplanted orthotopically into segmental defects in New Zealand White Rabbits (n = 9). Another three rabbits receiving the sham operation with autologous trachea transplantations served as the control group. Two weeks after transplantation, the grafts were evaluated endoscopically and histologically. RESULTS The mechanical properties of the decellularized trachea segment did not differ significantly from the fresh native trachea. After transplantation, whereas the autograft in the control group showed full integration and functional recovery, all of the rabbits in the decellularized scaffold transplantation group died within 7∼24 days. Although significant collapse of the tracheal tubular structures was noted, full respiratory epithelium regeneration was observed in the rabbits that survived more than 2 weeks. CONCLUSION The FDSS decellularization process is effective in creating whole-segment, subtotally decellularized trachea scaffolds. However, although the respiratory epithelium regeneration on the inner surface appeared to be satisfactory, the tubular structures were not able to be maintained after transplantation, which ultimately led to the death of the animals. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE NA Laryngoscope, 126:2520-2527, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Han Hung
- Department of Otolaryngology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Hui Su
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sey-En Lin
- Department of Pathology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - How Tseng
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine , College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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The development of a tissue-engineered tracheobronchial epithelial model using a bilayered collagen-hyaluronate scaffold. Biomaterials 2016; 85:111-27. [PMID: 26871888 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.01.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Today, chronic respiratory disease is one of the leading causes of mortality globally. Epithelial dysfunction can play a central role in its pathophysiology. The development of physiologically-representative in vitro model systems using tissue-engineered constructs might improve our understanding of epithelial tissue and disease. This study sought to engineer a bilayered collagen-hyaluronate (CHyA-B) scaffold for the development of a physiologically-representative 3D in vitro tracheobronchial epithelial co-culture model. CHyA-B scaffolds were fabricated by integrating a thin film top-layer into a porous sub-layer with lyophilisation. The film layer firmly connected to the sub-layer with delamination occurring at stresses of 12-15 kPa. Crosslinked scaffolds had a compressive modulus of 1.9 kPa and mean pore diameters of 70 μm and 80 μm, depending on the freezing temperature. Histological analysis showed that the Calu-3 bronchial epithelial cell line attached and grew on CHyA-B with adoption of an epithelial monolayer on the film layer. Immunofluorescence and qRT-PCR studies demonstrated that the CHyA-B scaffolds facilitated Calu-3 cell differentiation, with enhanced mucin expression, increased ciliation and the formation of intercellular tight junctions. Co-culture of Calu-3 cells with Wi38 lung fibroblasts was achieved on the scaffold to create a submucosal tissue analogue of the upper respiratory tract, validating CHyA-B as a platform to support co-culture and cellular organisation reminiscent of in vivo tissue architecture. In summary, this study has demonstrated that CHyA-B is a promising tool for the development of novel 3D tracheobronchial co-culture in vitro models with the potential to unravel new pathways in drug discovery and drug delivery.
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38
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Lee DY, Park SA, Lee SJ, Kim TH, Oh SH, Lee JH, Kwon SK. Segmental tracheal reconstruction by 3D-printed scaffold: Pivotal role of asymmetrically porous membrane. Laryngoscope 2015; 126:E304-9. [DOI: 10.1002/lary.25806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Doh Young Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; Korea University College of Medicine; Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Su A Park
- Department of Nature-Inspired Nanoconvergence Systems; Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials; Daejeon Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Jin Lee
- Department of Maxillofacial Biomedical Engineering and Institute of Oral Biology; School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University; Seoul Republic of Korea
- Department of Nature-Inspired Nanoconvergence Systems; Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials; Daejeon Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Ho Kim
- Department of Advanced Materials; Hannam University; Daejeon Republic of Korea
| | - Se Heang Oh
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine; Dankook University; Cheonan Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Ho Lee
- Department of Advanced Materials; Hannam University; Daejeon Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Keun Kwon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; Seoul National University Hospital; Seoul Republic of Korea
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Kirkpatrick CJ. Modelling the regenerative niche: a major challenge in biomaterials research. Regen Biomater 2015; 2:267-72. [PMID: 26816650 PMCID: PMC4676329 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbv018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Revised: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
By definition, biomaterials are developed for clinical application. In the field of regenerative medicine their principal function is to play a significant, and, if possible, an instructive role in tissue healing. In the last analysis the latter involves targeting the ‘regenerative niche’. The present paper will address the problem of simulating this niche in the laboratory and adopts a life science approach involving the harnessing of heterotypic cellular communication to achieve this, that is, the ability of cells of different types to mutually influence cellular functions. Thus, co-culture systems using human cells are the methodological focus and will concern four exemplary fields of regeneration, namely, bone, soft tissue, lower respiratory tract and airway regeneration. The working hypothesis underlying this approach is that in vitro models of higher complexity will be more clinically relevant than simple monolayer cultures of transformed cell lines in testing innovative strategies with biomaterials for regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- C James Kirkpatrick
- REPAIR-Lab, Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, D-55101 Mainz, Germany;; Department of Biomaterials, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Jungebluth P, Haag J, Macchiarini P. Regenerative Medizin. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR HERZ THORAX UND GEFASSCHIRURGIE 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00398-014-1094-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Gao Z, Wu T, Xu J, Liu G, Xie Y, Zhang C, Wang J, Wang S. Generation of Bioartificial Salivary Gland Using Whole-Organ Decellularized Bioscaffold. Cells Tissues Organs 2015; 200:171-80. [PMID: 25824480 DOI: 10.1159/000371873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Salivary gland hypofunction resulting in xerostomia occurs as a result of various pathological conditions such as radiotherapy for head and neck cancers, Sjögren's syndrome or salivary gland tumor resection. It can induce a large number of problems, including dental decay, periodontitis, dysgeusia, difficulty with mastication and swallowing and a reduced quality of life. Current therapies for xerostomia mostly focus on saliva substitutes, oral lubricants and medications which stimulate salivation from residual glands. However, these treatments are not sufficient to restore gland secretory function. Tissue engineering-based organ regeneration has emerged as a potential therapeutic alternative for end- organ failure. Here, we decellularized rat submandibular glands (SMG) by detergent immersion. Histological, immunofluorescent, Western blot, DNA and collagen quantitative analyses demonstrated that our protocol effectively removed cellular components and that extracellular matrix proteins and native structures were well preserved. We then reseeded the decellularized SMG as scaffolds with rat primary SMG cells in a rotary cell culture system. Histological staining and electron microscopy analyses illustrated that the decellularized SMG could support cellular adhesion. Furthermore, with immunofluorescent staining, we proved that bioartificially generated SMG showed some differentiation markers in vitro. Taken together, our findings might provide a potential scaffold for tissue-engineered regeneration of the salivary glands.
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O'Leary C, Gilbert JL, O'Dea S, O'Brien FJ, Cryan SA. Respiratory Tissue Engineering: Current Status and Opportunities for the Future. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2015; 21:323-44. [PMID: 25587703 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2014.0525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Currently, lung disease and major airway trauma constitute a major global healthcare burden with limited treatment options. Airway diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and cystic fibrosis have been identified as the fifth highest cause of mortality worldwide and are estimated to rise to fourth place by 2030. Alternate approaches and therapeutic modalities are urgently needed to improve clinical outcomes for chronic lung disease. This can be achieved through tissue engineering of the respiratory tract. Interest is growing in the use of airway tissue-engineered constructs as both a research tool, to further our understanding of airway pathology, validate new drugs, and pave the way for novel drug therapies, and also as regenerative medical devices or as an alternative to transplant tissue. This review provides a concise summary of the field of respiratory tissue engineering to date. An initial overview of airway anatomy and physiology is given, followed by a description of the stem cell populations and signaling processes involved in parenchymal healing and tissue repair. We then focus on the different biomaterials and tissue-engineered systems employed in upper and lower respiratory tract engineering and give a final perspective of the opportunities and challenges facing the field of respiratory tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cian O'Leary
- 1 Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland , Dublin, Ireland .,2 School of Pharmacy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland , Dublin, Ireland .,3 Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland and Trinity College Dublin , Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jennifer L Gilbert
- 4 Department of Biology, Institute of Immunology, University of Ireland , Maynooth, Ireland
| | - Shirley O'Dea
- 4 Department of Biology, Institute of Immunology, University of Ireland , Maynooth, Ireland
| | - Fergal J O'Brien
- 1 Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland , Dublin, Ireland .,3 Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland and Trinity College Dublin , Dublin, Ireland .,5 Trinity Centre of Bioengineering, Trinity College Dublin , Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sally-Ann Cryan
- 1 Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland , Dublin, Ireland .,2 School of Pharmacy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland , Dublin, Ireland .,5 Trinity Centre of Bioengineering, Trinity College Dublin , Dublin, Ireland
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Lange P, Greco K, Partington L, Carvalho C, Oliani S, Birchall MA, Sibbons PD, Lowdell MW, Ansari T. Pilot study of a novel vacuum-assisted method for decellularization of tracheae for clinical tissue engineering applications. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2015; 11:800-811. [PMID: 25689270 DOI: 10.1002/term.1979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Revised: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineered tracheae have been successfully implanted to treat a small number of patients on compassionate grounds. The treatment has not become mainstream due to the time taken to produce the scaffold and the resultant financial costs. We have developed a method for decellularization (DC) based on vacuum technology, which when combined with an enzyme/detergent protocol significantly reduces the time required to create clinically suitable scaffolds. We have applied this technology to prepare porcine tracheal scaffolds and compared the results to scaffolds produced under normal atmospheric pressures. The principal outcome measures were the reduction in time (9 days to prepare the scaffold) followed by a reduction in residual DNA levels (DC no-vac: 137.8±48.82 ng/mg vs. DC vac 36.83±18.45 ng/mg, p<0.05.). Our approach did not impact on the collagen or glycosaminoglycan content or on the biomechanical properties of the scaffolds. We applied the vacuum technology to human tracheae, which, when implanted in vivo showed no significant adverse immunological response. The addition of a vacuum to a conventional decellularization protocol significantly reduces production time, whilst providing a suitable scaffold. This increases clinical utility and lowers production costs. To our knowledge this is the first time that vacuum assisted decellularization has been explored. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Lange
- Department of Surgical Research, NPIMR, Watford Rd, Harrow, UK.,Department of Haematology, UCL, Medical School, London, UK
| | - K Greco
- Department of Surgical Research, NPIMR, Watford Rd, Harrow, UK
| | - L Partington
- Department of Haematology, UCL, Medical School, London, UK
| | - C Carvalho
- Department of Haematology, UCL, Medical School, London, UK
| | - S Oliani
- Immunomorphology Laboratory, Department of Biology, IBILCE-UNESP, São José do Rio Preto, Brazil
| | - M A Birchall
- UCL Ear Institute, Royal National Throat Nose and Ear Hospital, London, UK
| | - P D Sibbons
- Department of Surgical Research, NPIMR, Watford Rd, Harrow, UK
| | - M W Lowdell
- Department of Haematology, UCL, Medical School, London, UK
| | - T Ansari
- Department of Surgical Research, NPIMR, Watford Rd, Harrow, UK
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Hellström M, El-Akouri R, Sihlbom C, Olsson B, Lengqvist J, Bäckdahl H, Johansson B, Olausson M, Sumitran-Holgersson S, Brännström M. Towards the development of a bioengineered uterus: comparison of different protocols for rat uterus decellularization. Acta Biomater 2014; 10:5034-5042. [PMID: 25169258 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2014.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Revised: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Uterus transplantation (UTx) may be the only possible curative treatment for absolute uterine factor infertility, which affects 1 in every 500 females of fertile age. We recently presented the 6-month results from the first clinical UTx trial, describing nine live-donor procedures. This routine involves complicated surgery and requires potentially harmful immune suppression to prevent rejection. However, tissue engineering applications using biomaterials and stem cells may replace the need for a live donor, and could prevent the required immunosuppressive treatment. To investigate the basic aspects of this, we developed a novel whole-uterus scaffold design for uterus tissue engineering experiments in the rat. Decellularization was achieved by perfusion of detergents and ionic solutions. The remaining matrix and its biochemical and mechanical properties were quantitatively compared from using three different protocols. The constructs were further compared with native uterus tissue composition. Perfusion with Triton X-100/dimethyl sulfoxide/H2O led to a compact, weaker scaffold that showed evidence of a compromised matrix organization. Sodium deoxycholate/dH2O perfusion gave rise to a porous scaffold that structurally and mechanically resembled native uterus better. An innovative combination of two proteomic analyses revealed higher fibronectin and versican content in these porous scaffolds, which may explain the improved scaffold organization. Together with other important protocol-dependent differences, our results can contribute to the development of improved decellularization protocols for assorted organs. Furthermore, our study shows the first available data on decellularized whole uterus, and creates new opportunities for numerous in vitro and in vivo whole-uterus tissue engineering applications.
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Abstract
SUMMARY A recent revival of global interest for reconstruction of long-segment tracheal defects, which represents one of the most interesting and complex problems in head and neck and thoracic reconstructive surgery, has been witnessed. The trachea functions as a conduit for air, and its subunits including the epithelial layer, hyaline cartilage, and segmental blood supply make it particularly challenging to reconstruct. A myriad of attempts at replacing the trachea have been described. These along with the anatomy, indications, and approaches including microsurgical tracheal reconstruction will be reviewed. Novel techniques such as tissue-engineering approaches will also be discussed. Multiple attempts at replacing the trachea with synthetic scaffolds have been met with failure. The main lesson learned from such failures is that the trachea must not be treated as a "simple tube." Understanding the anatomy, developmental biology, physiology, and diseases affecting the trachea are required for solving this problem.
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Kutten JC, McGovern D, Hobson CM, Luffy SA, Nieponice A, Tobita K, Francis RJ, Reynolds SD, Isenberg JS, Gilbert TW. Decellularized tracheal extracellular matrix supports epithelial migration, differentiation, and function. Tissue Eng Part A 2014; 21:75-84. [PMID: 24980864 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2014.0089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tracheal loss is a source of significant morbidity for affected patients with no acceptable solution. Interest in engineering tracheal transplants has created a demand for small animal models of orthotopic tracheal transplantation. Here, we examine the use of a decellularized graft in a murine model of tracheal replacement. Fresh or decellularized tracheas harvested from age-matched female donor C57BL/6 mice were transplanted into syngeneic recipients. Tracheas were decellularized using repeated washes of water, 3% Triton X-100, and 3 M NaCl under cyclic pressure changes, followed by disinfection with 0.1% peracetic acid/4% ethanol, and terminal sterilization by gamma irradiation. Tracheas were explanted for immunolabeling at 1, 4, and 8 weeks following surgery. Video microscopy and computed tomography were performed to assess function and structure. Decellularized grafts supported complete reepithelialization by 8 weeks and motile cilia were observed. Cartilaginous portions of the trachea were maintained in mice receiving fresh transplants, but repopulation of the cartilage was not seen in mice receiving decellularized transplants. We observed superior postsurgical survival, weight gain, and ciliary function in mice receiving fresh transplants compared with those receiving decellularized transplants. The murine orthotopic tracheal transplant provides an appropriate model to assess the repopulation and functional regeneration of decellularized tracheal grafts.
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Tissue engineered scaffolds for an effective healing and regeneration: reviewing orthotopic studies. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:398069. [PMID: 25250319 PMCID: PMC4163448 DOI: 10.1155/2014/398069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
It is commonly stated that tissue engineering is the most promising approach to treat or replace failing tissues/organs. For this aim, a specific strategy should be planned including proper selection of biomaterials, fabrication techniques, cell lines, and signaling cues. A great effort has been pursued to develop suitable scaffolds for the restoration of a variety of tissues and a huge number of protocols ranging from in vitro to in vivo studies, the latter further differentiating into several procedures depending on the type of implantation (i.e., subcutaneous or orthotopic) and the model adopted (i.e., animal or human), have been developed. All together, the published reports demonstrate that the proposed tissue engineering approaches spread toward multiple directions. The critical review of this scenario might suggest, at the same time, that a limited number of studies gave a real improvement to the field, especially referring to in vivo investigations. In this regard, the present paper aims to review the results of in vivo tissue engineering experimentations, focusing on the role of the scaffold and its specificity with respect to the tissue to be regenerated, in order to verify whether an extracellular matrix-like device, as usually stated, could promote an expected positive outcome.
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Advances in tracheal reconstruction. PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2014; 2:e178. [PMID: 25426361 PMCID: PMC4229282 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000000097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2013] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Summary: A recent revival of global interest for reconstruction of long-segment tracheal defects, which represents one of the most interesting and complex problems in head and neck and thoracic reconstructive surgery, has been witnessed. The trachea functions as a conduit for air, and its subunits including the epithelial layer, hyaline cartilage, and segmental blood supply make it particularly challenging to reconstruct. A myriad of attempts at replacing the trachea have been described. These along with the anatomy, indications, and approaches including microsurgical tracheal reconstruction will be reviewed. Novel techniques such as tissue-engineering approaches will also be discussed. Multiple attempts at replacing the trachea with synthetic scaffolds have been met with failure. The main lesson learned from such failures is that the trachea must not be treated as a “simple tube.” Understanding the anatomy, developmental biology, physiology, and diseases affecting the trachea are required for solving this problem.
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49
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Sun F, Pan S, Shi HC, Zhang FB, Zhang WD, Ye G, Liu XC, Zhang SQ, Zhong CH, Yuan XL. Structural integrity, immunogenicity and biomechanical evaluation of rabbit decelluarized tracheal matrix. J Biomed Mater Res A 2014; 103:1509-19. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2013] [Revised: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Sun
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, College of Clinical Medicine; Yangzhou University; Yangzhou 225001 Jiangsu Province China
- The Research Center for Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University; Yangzhou 225001 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Shu Pan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, College of Clinical Medicine; Yangzhou University; Yangzhou 225001 Jiangsu Province China
- The Research Center for Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University; Yangzhou 225001 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Hong-Can Shi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, College of Clinical Medicine; Yangzhou University; Yangzhou 225001 Jiangsu Province China
- The Research Center for Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University; Yangzhou 225001 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Fang-Biao Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, College of Clinical Medicine; Yangzhou University; Yangzhou 225001 Jiangsu Province China
- The Research Center for Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University; Yangzhou 225001 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Wei-Dong Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, College of Clinical Medicine; Yangzhou University; Yangzhou 225001 Jiangsu Province China
- The Research Center for Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University; Yangzhou 225001 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Gang Ye
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, College of Clinical Medicine; Yangzhou University; Yangzhou 225001 Jiangsu Province China
- The Research Center for Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University; Yangzhou 225001 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Xing-Chen Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, College of Clinical Medicine; Yangzhou University; Yangzhou 225001 Jiangsu Province China
- The Research Center for Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University; Yangzhou 225001 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Si-Quan Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, College of Clinical Medicine; Yangzhou University; Yangzhou 225001 Jiangsu Province China
- The Research Center for Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University; Yangzhou 225001 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Chong-Hao Zhong
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, College of Clinical Medicine; Yangzhou University; Yangzhou 225001 Jiangsu Province China
- The Research Center for Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University; Yangzhou 225001 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Xiao-Long Yuan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, College of Clinical Medicine; Yangzhou University; Yangzhou 225001 Jiangsu Province China
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Jones MC, Rueggeberg FA, Cunningham AJ, Faircloth HA, Jana T, Mettenburg D, Waller JL, Postma GN, Weinberger PM. Biomechanical changes from long-term freezer storage and cellular reduction of tracheal scaffoldings. Laryngoscope 2014; 125:E16-22. [PMID: 25092543 DOI: 10.1002/lary.24853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS To determine structural biomechanical changes in tracheal scaffolds resulting from cellular reduction and storage at -80(o) C. STUDY DESIGN Laboratory-based study. METHODS Forty-four rabbit tracheal segments were separated into four treatment groups: untreated (group A, control), cellular-reduced (group B), storage at -80(o) C followed by cellular reduction (group C), and cellular-reduced followed by storage at -80(o) C (group D). Tracheal segments were subjected to uniaxial tension (n = 21) or compression (n = 23) using a universal testing machine to determine sutured tensile yield load and radial compressive strengths at 50% lumen occlusion. Mean differences among groups for tension and compression were compared by analysis of variance with post-hoc Tukey-Kramer test. RESULTS The untreated trachea (group A) demonstrated mean yield strength of 5.93 (± 1.65) N and compressive strength of 2.10 (± 0.51) N. Following treatment/storage, the tensile yield strength was not impaired (group B = 6.79 [± 1.58] N, C = 6.21 [± 1.40] N, D = 6.26 [± 1.18]; P > 0.10 each). Following cellular reduction, there was a significant reduction in compressive strength (group B = 0.44 N [± 0.13], P < 0.0001), but no further reduction due to storage (group C = 0.39 N [± 0.10]; P = 0.97 compared to group B). CONCLUSION The data suggest cellular reduction leads to loss of compressive strength. Freezing at -80°C (either before, or subsequent to cellular reduction) may be a viable storage method for tracheal grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C Jones
- Center for Voice, Airway and Swallowing, Department of Otolaryngology, Augusta, Georgia, U.S.A
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