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Kalashnikov N, Moraes C. Engineering physical microenvironments to study innate immune cell biophysics. APL Bioeng 2022; 6:031504. [PMID: 36156981 PMCID: PMC9492295 DOI: 10.1063/5.0098578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate immunity forms the core of the human body's defense system against infection, injury, and foreign objects. It aims to maintain homeostasis by promoting inflammation and then initiating tissue repair, but it can also lead to disease when dysregulated. Although innate immune cells respond to their physical microenvironment and carry out intrinsically mechanical actions such as migration and phagocytosis, we still do not have a complete biophysical description of innate immunity. Here, we review how engineering tools can be used to study innate immune cell biophysics. We first provide an overview of innate immunity from a biophysical perspective, review the biophysical factors that affect the innate immune system, and then explore innate immune cell biophysics in the context of migration, phagocytosis, and phenotype polarization. Throughout the review, we highlight how physical microenvironments can be designed to probe the innate immune system, discuss how biophysical insight gained from these studies can be used to generate a more comprehensive description of innate immunity, and briefly comment on how this insight could be used to develop mechanical immune biomarkers and immunomodulatory therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Kalashnikov
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0G4, Canada
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Shrestha S, McFadden MJ, Teng ACT, Chang PDM, Deng J, Wong TWY, Cohn RD, Ivakine EA, Gramolini AO, Santerre JP. Self-Assembled Oligo-Urethane Nanoparticles: Their Characterization and Use for the Delivery of Active Biomolecules into Mammalian Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:58352-58368. [PMID: 34873903 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c17868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Developing safe and effective strategies to deliver biomolecules such as oligonucleotides and proteins into cells has grown in importance over recent years, with an increasing demand for non-viral methods that enable clinical translation. Here, we investigate uniquely configured oligo-urethane nanoparticles based on synthetic chemistries that minimize the release of pro-inflammatory biomarkers from immune cells, show low cytotoxicity in a broad range of cells, and efficiently deliver oligonucleotides and proteins into mammalian cells. The mechanism of cell uptake for the self-assembled oligo-urethane nanoparticles was shown to be directed by caveolae-dependent endocytosis in murine myoblasts (C2C12) cells. Inhibiting caveolae functions with genistein and methyl-β-cyclodextrin limited nanoparticle internalization. The nanoparticles showed a very high delivery efficiency for the genetic material (a 47-base oligonucleotide) (∼80% incorporation into cells) as well as the purified protein (full length firefly luciferase, 67 kDa) into human embryonic kidney (HEK293T) cells. Luciferase enzyme activity in HEK293T cells demonstrated that intact and functional proteins could be delivered and showed a significant extension of activity retention up to 24 h, well beyond the 2 h half-life of the free enzyme. This study introduces a novel self-assembled oligo-urethane nanoparticle delivery platform with very low associated production costs, enabled by their scalable chemistry (the benchwork cost is $ 0.152/mg vs $ 974.6/mg for typical lipid carriers) that has potential to deliver both oligonucleotides and proteins for biomedical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suja Shrestha
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto M5G 1G6, Ontario, Canada
- Translational Biology and Engineering Program and Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto M5G 1M1, Ontario, Canada
| | - Meghan J McFadden
- Translational Biology and Engineering Program and Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto M5G 1M1, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3G9, Ontario, Canada
| | - Allen C T Teng
- Translational Biology and Engineering Program and Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto M5G 1M1, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 1A8, Ontario, Canada
| | - Patrick Dong Min Chang
- Translational Biology and Engineering Program and Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto M5G 1M1, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Joyce Deng
- Translational Biology and Engineering Program and Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto M5G 1M1, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tatianna W Y Wong
- Genetics & Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto M5G 0A4, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ronald D Cohn
- Department of Molecular & Medical Genetics and Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 1A8, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto M5G 0A4, Ontario, Canada
| | - Evgueni A Ivakine
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 1A8, Ontario, Canada
- Genetics & Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto M5G 0A4, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anthony O Gramolini
- Translational Biology and Engineering Program and Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto M5G 1M1, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 1A8, Ontario, Canada
| | - J Paul Santerre
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto M5G 1G6, Ontario, Canada
- Translational Biology and Engineering Program and Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto M5G 1M1, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3G9, Ontario, Canada
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Zhang B, Su Y, Zhou J, Zheng Y, Zhu D. Toward a Better Regeneration through Implant-Mediated Immunomodulation: Harnessing the Immune Responses. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2100446. [PMID: 34117732 PMCID: PMC8373114 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202100446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Tissue repair/regeneration, after implantation or injury, involves comprehensive physiological processes wherein immune responses play a crucial role to enable tissue restoration, amidst the immune cells early-stage response to tissue damages. These cells break down extracellular matrix, clear debris, and secret cytokines to orchestrate regeneration. However, the immune response can also lead to abnormal tissue healing or scar formation if not well directed. This review first introduces the general immune response post injury, with focus on the major immune cells including neutrophils, macrophages, and T cells. Next, a variety of implant-mediated immunomodulation strategies to regulate immune response through physical, chemical, and biological cues are discussed. At last, various scaffold-facilitated regenerations of different tissue types, such as, bone, cartilage, blood vessel, and nerve system, by harnessing the immunomodulation are presented. Therefore, the most recent data in biomaterials and immunomodulation is presented here in a bid to shape expert perspectives, inspire researchers to go in new directions, and drive development of future strategies focusing on targeted, sequential, and dynamic immunomodulation elicited by implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Zhang
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringStony Brook UniversityStony BrookNew York11794USA
| | - Yingchao Su
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringStony Brook UniversityStony BrookNew York11794USA
| | - Juncen Zhou
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringStony Brook UniversityStony BrookNew York11794USA
| | - Yufeng Zheng
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringCollege of EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing100871China
| | - Donghui Zhu
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringStony Brook UniversityStony BrookNew York11794USA
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Madbouly SA. Waterborne Polyurethane Dispersions and Thin Films: Biodegradation and Antimicrobial Behaviors. Molecules 2021; 26:961. [PMID: 33670378 PMCID: PMC7918248 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26040961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Biodegradable and antimicrobial waterborne polyurethane dispersions (PUDs) and their casted solid films have recently emerged as important alternatives to their solvent-based and non-biodegradable counterparts for various applications due to their versatility, health, and environmental friendliness. The nanoscale morphology of the PUDs, dispersion stability, and the thermomechanical properties of the solid films obtained from the solvent cast process are strongly dependent on several important parameters, such as the preparation method, polyols, diisocyanates, solid content, chain extension, and temperature. The biodegradability, biocompatibility, antimicrobial properties and biomedical applications can be tailored based on the nature of the polyols, polarity, as well as structure and concentration of the internal surfactants (anionic or cationic). This review article provides an important quantitative experimental basis and structure evolution for the development and synthesis of biodegradable waterborne PUDs and their solid films, with prescribed macromolecular properties and new functions, with the aim of understanding the relationships between polymer structure, properties, and performance. The review article will also summarize the important variables that control the thermomechanical properties and biodegradation kinetics, as well as antimicrobial and biocompatibility behaviors of aqueous PUDs and their films, for certain industrial and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samy A. Madbouly
- School of Engineering, Behrend College, Pennsylvania State University, Erie, PA 16563, USA; ; Tel.: +814-595-7169
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
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Sen S, Ghosh S, De S, Basak P, Maurye P, Jana NK, Mandal TK. Immunomodulatory and antimicrobial non-mulberry Antheraea mylitta silk fibroin accelerates in vitro fibroblast repair and regeneration by protecting oxidative stress. RSC Adv 2021; 11:19265-19282. [PMID: 35478657 PMCID: PMC9033602 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra08538c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The antimicrobial nature of Antharaea mylitta silk-fibroin (SF) is reported but antioxidant potential and the immunomodulatory role towards the fibroblast cell repair process is not explored. Polyurethane is reported to have inflammatory potential by mononuclear cells directed cytokine release, which can guide fibroblast repair. Present study demonstrates the conjunctive effect of inflammatory PU/SF to regulate the favorable shift from pro-inflammatory to anti-inflammatory cytokine stimulation for accelerated fibroblast repair. Minimal inhibitory concentration of SF was determined against pathogenic strains and the effect of SF was investigated for fibroblast NIH3T3 cell adhesion. SF doses (8, 8.5, 9 mg mL−1) were found to be greater than both the IC50 of DPPH scavenging and the ED50 for NIH3T3 proliferation. Anti-lipid peroxidase (ALP) activity of SF doses and citric acid-treated NIH3T3 cells were compared under hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced oxidative stress. 9 mg mL−1 SF showed greater ALP activity than the citric acid standard. SF-driven protection to oxidative damage was measured by viable cell fraction in trypan blue dye exclusion assay where 9 mg mL−1 SF showed the highest viability (p ≤ 0.05). 9 mg mL−1 SF was blended with PU for scaffold (w/v = 2 : 5, 2 : 7, 2 : 9) fabrication. The protective effect of PU/SF (2 : 5, 2 : 7, 2 : 9) against oxidative stress was verified by damaged cell survival in MTT assay and DNA quantification. The highest number of cells survived on PU/SF (2 : 9) at all intervals (p ≤ 0.01) upon oxidative damage; PU/SF (2 : 9) was also fabricated by employing the immobilization technique. Immobilized PU/SF (2 : 9) exhibited a greater zone of microbial inhibition, a higher extent of inhibition to microbial adherence, and caused more LDH release from bacterial cell membrane due to membrane rupture, resulting in bacterial cell death (E. coli, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus) compared to the experimental results shown by blended PU/SF (2 : 9). The protective nature of PU/SF (2 : 9) against oxidative stress was ensured through the LDH activity of damaged NIH3T3 cells. Initial raised IL-6, TNF-alpha (pro-inflammatory cytokines) and lowered IL-8, IL-10 (anti-inflammatory cytokine) profiles coupled with fallen IL-6, TNF-alpha, and elevated IL-8, IL-10 at later hours synergistically progress the inflammatory phase of in vitro scratch wound repair in mononuclear culture treated by PU/SF (2 : 9). Initially SF accelerated pro-inflammatory cytokines, restricted anti-inflammatory cytokines; later it regulated in reverse order. SF potentially eradicated ROS and promoted Ki-67 cellular regeneration whereas pristine PU could not.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohini Sen
- School of Bioscience and Engineering
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata-700032
- India
| | - Shaunak Ghosh
- Department of Biotechnology
- Heritage Institute of Technology
- Kolkata 700107
- India
| | - Sayantan De
- Department of Biotechnology
- Heritage Institute of Technology
- Kolkata 700107
- India
| | - Piyali Basak
- School of Bioscience and Engineering
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata-700032
- India
| | - Praveen Maurye
- Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute
- Kolkata 700120
- India
| | - Nandan Kumar Jana
- Department of Biotechnology
- Heritage Institute of Technology
- Kolkata 700107
- India
| | - Tapan Kumar Mandal
- Veterinary Pharmacology & Toxicology
- West Bengal University of Animal & Fishery Sciences
- Kolkata 700037
- India
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Liao Z, Dong L, Wang C. Modulating, instead of suppressing, foreign body responses for biomaterials design. ENGINEERED REGENERATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.engreg.2021.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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Wang J, Su Y, Xu L, Li D. Micro-patterned surface construction on BCP ceramics and the regulation on inflammation-involved osteogenic differentiation. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 116:111220. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Shrestha S, McFadden MJ, Gramolini AO, Santerre JP. Proteome analysis of secretions from human monocyte-derived macrophages post-exposure to biomaterials and the effect of secretions on cardiac fibroblast fibrotic character. Acta Biomater 2020; 111:80-90. [PMID: 32428683 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The use of exogenous biomolecules (BM) for the purpose of repairing and regenerating damaged cardiac tissue can yield serious side effects if used for prolonged periods. As well, such strategies can be cost prohibitive depending on the regiment and period of time applied. Alternatively, autologous monocytes/monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) can provide a viable path towards generating an endogenous source of stimulatory BM. Biomaterials are often considered as delivery vehicles to generate unique profiles of such BM in tissues or to deliver autologous cells, that can influence the nature of BM produced by the cells. MDM cultured on a degradable polar hydrophobic ionic (D-PHI) polyurethane has previously demonstrated a propensity to increase select anti-inflammatory cytokines, and therefore there is good rationale to further investigate a broader spectrum of the cells' BM in order to provide a more complete proteomic analysis of human MDM secretions induced by D-PHI. Further, it is of interest to assess the potential of such BM to influence cells involved in the reparative state of vital tissues such as those that affect cardiac cell function. Hence, this current study examines the proteomic profile of MDM secretions using mass spectrometry for the first time, along with ELISA, following their culture on D-PHI, and compares them to two important reference materials, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS). Secretions collected from D-PHI cultured MDM led to higher levels of regenerative BM, AGRN, TGFBI and ANXA5, but lower levels of pro-fibrotic BM, MMP7, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNFα, when compared to MDM secretions collected from PLGA and TCPS. In the application to cardiac cell function, the secretion collected from D-PHI cultured MDM led to more human cardiac fibroblast (HCFs) migration. A lower collagen gel contraction induced by MDM secretions collected from D-PHI was supported by gene array analysis for human fibrosis-related genes. The implication of these findings is that more tailored biomaterials such as D-PHI, may lead to a lower pro-inflammatory phenotype of macrophages when used in cardiac tissue constructs, thereby enabling the development of vehicles for the delivery of interventional therapies, or be applied as coatings for sensor implants in cardiac tissue that minimize fibrosis. The general approach of using synthetic biomaterials in order to induce MDM secretions in a manner that will guide favorable regeneration will be critical in making the choice of biomaterials for tissue regeneration work in the future. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Immune modulation strategies currently applied in cardiac tissue repair are mainly based on the delivery of defined exogenous biomolecules. However, the use of such biomolecules may pose wide ranging systemic effects, thereby rendering them clinically less practical. The chemistry of biomaterials (used as a potential targeted delivery modality to circumvent the broad systemic effects of biomolecules) can not only affect acute and chronic toxicity but also alters the timeframe of the wound healing cascade. In this context, monocytes/monocyte-derive macrophages (MDM) can be harnessed as an immune modulating strategy to promote wound healing by an appropriate choice of the biomaterial. However, there are limited reports on the complete proteome analysis of MDM and their reaction of biomaterial related interventions on cardiac tissues and cells. No studies to date have demonstrated the complete proteome of MDM secretions when these cells were cultured on a non-traditional immune modulatory ionomeric polyurethane D-PHI film. This study demonstrated that MDM cultured on D-PHI expressed significantly higher levels of AGRN, TGFBI and ANXA5 but lower levels of MMP7, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNFα when compared to MDM cultured on a well-established degradable biomaterials in the medical field, e.g. PLGA and TCPS, which are often used as the relative standards for cell culture work in the biomaterials field. The implications of these findings have relevance to the repair of cardiac tissues. In another aspect of the work, human cardiac fibroblasts showed significantly lower contractility (low collagen gel contraction and low levels of ACTA2) when cultured in the presence of MDM secretions collected after culturing them on D-PHI compared to PLGA and TCPS. The findings place emphasis on the importance of making the choice of biomaterials for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applied to their use in cardiac tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suja Shrestha
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1G6, Canada; Translational Biology and Engineering Program and Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Meghan J McFadden
- Translational Biology and Engineering Program and Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1M1, Canada; Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Anthony O Gramolini
- Translational Biology and Engineering Program and Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1M1, Canada; Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1M8, Canada
| | - J Paul Santerre
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1G6, Canada; Translational Biology and Engineering Program and Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1M1, Canada; Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada.
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Feng Z, Wang D, Zheng Y, Zhao L, Xu T, Guo Z, Irfan Hussain M, Zeng J, Lou L, Sun Y, Jiang H. A novel waterborne polyurethane with biodegradability and high flexibility for 3D printing. Biofabrication 2020; 12:035015. [PMID: 32150742 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ab7de0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) printing provides a new approach of fabricating implantable products because it permits a flexible manner to extrude complex and customized shapes of the tissue scaffolds. Compared with other printable biomaterials, the polyurethane elastomer has several merits, including excellent mechanical properties and good biocompatibility. However, some intrinsic behavior, especially its high melting point and slow rate of degradation, hampered its application in 3D printed tissue engineering. Herein, we developed a 3D printable amino acid modified biodegradable waterborne polyurethane (WBPU) using a water-based green chemistry process. The flexibility of this material endows better compliance with tissue during implantation and prevents high modulus transplants from scratching surrounding tissues. The histocompatibility experiments show that the WBPU induces no apparent acute rejection or inflammation in vivo. We successfully fabricated a highly flexible WBPU scaffold by deposition 3D printing technology at a low temperature (50°C ~ 70 °C), and the printed products could support the adhesion and proliferation of chondrocytes and fibroblasts. The printed blocks possessed controllable degradability due to the different amounts of hydrophilic chain extender and did not cause accumulation of acidic products. In addition, we demonstrated that our WBPU is highly applicable for implantable tissue engineering because there is no cytotoxicity during its degradation. Taken together, we envision that this printable WBPU can be used as an alternative biomaterial for tissue engineering with low temperature printing, biodegradability, and compatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxuan Feng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China. These authors contributed equally to this work
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Zhang X, Simmons CA, Paul Santerre J. Paracrine signalling from monocytes enables desirable extracellular matrix accumulation and temporally appropriate phenotype of vascular smooth muscle cell-like cells derived from adipose stromal cells. Acta Biomater 2020; 103:129-141. [PMID: 31821896 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In vascular tissue engineering, the ability to obtain a robust and safe vascular tissue cell source (e.g. vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs)) and to promote vascular tissue-specific extracellular matrix (ECM) protein production is critically important. Mature blood vessel-derived VSMCs are not practical for in vitro vascular tissue regeneration. The authors have conceived a strategy to differentiate adipose derived stromal cells (ASCs) into VSMC-like cells (ASC-VSMCs) that were similar to mature umbilical artery VSMCs at the transcriptional, protein and contraction function levels. Monocytes/macrophages are known as important regulators of the inflammation and regeneration processes within different tissue types of the body. However, our understanding of the potential interactions between specific tissue-like cells differentiated from stem/stromal cells (e.g. ASC-VSMCs) and monocytes/macrophages (cued by specific biomaterial scaffolds) is still limited. In this study, indirect and direct ASC-VSMC-monocyte co-cultures were constructed within a porous polyurethane scaffold (D-PHI) previously shown to have an immunomodulatory character. The effects of monocytes/macrophages on the cellularity (cell number detected with DNA quantification assay), ECM (glycosaminoglycan (GAG), collagen, and elastin) accumulation as well as the maintenance of contractile VSMC markers (calponin and smoothelin) of the ASC-VSMCs after a month of co-culture were investigated. It was found that monocyte paracrine signalling in D-PHI positively affected the cellularity and ECM accumulation of ASC-VSMCs in co-culture. Cause-effect relationships were also identified between the release of pro-inflammatory/anti-inflammatory factors (i.e. IL6, TGF-β1) in co-culture and the expression of contractile proteins (calponin and smoothelin) by ASC-VSMCs. This study demonstrated the importance of combining an immune cell strategy with stromal cell derived VSMCs (i.e. ASC-VSMCs) to achieve a practical vascular tissue engineering outcome. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Adipose stromal cell derived-vascular smooth muscle cells (ASC-VSMCs) are a promising cell source for vascular tissue engineering. Monocytes/monocyte derived macrophages can be harnessed as an immune-assisted strategy to promote vascular tissue regeneration. This study demonstrated that the co-culture of human ASC-VSMCs with monocytes significantly enhanced the cellularity and extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation within anionic polyurethane (D-PHI) scaffolds, partially mediated by monocyte paracrine signalling mechanisms. In addition, specific VSMC contractile markers (calponin and smoothelin) were still present in ASC-VSMCs when the cells were exposed to monocytes for a month in vitro. This study corroborated the potential selection of ASC-VSMCs for in vitro engineering of vascular tissue in an immunomodulatory biomaterial scaffold (e.g. D-PHI) based co-culture system containing monocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Zhang
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada; Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, University of Toronto, 661 University Avenue, 14th floor, room 1435, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Craig A Simmons
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada; Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada; Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1G6, Canada; Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, University of Toronto, 661 University Avenue, 14th floor, room 1435, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - J Paul Santerre
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada; Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1G6, Canada; Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, University of Toronto, 661 University Avenue, 14th floor, room 1435, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1M1, Canada.
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Hou W, Liu Y, Wu S, Zhang H, Guo B, Zhang B, Qin XJ, Li H. Preadsorption of Serum Proteins Regulates Bacterial Infections and Subsequent Macrophage Phagocytosis on Biomaterial Surfaces. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:5957-5964. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjia Hou
- Key laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Key laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Songze Wu
- Key laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Haitao Zhang
- Key laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Bing Guo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Botao Zhang
- Key laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Xing-jun Qin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Hua Li
- Key laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
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Chan JP, Battiston KG, Santerre JP. Synthesis and characterization of electrospun nanofibrous tissue engineering scaffolds generated from in situ polymerization of ionomeric polyurethane composites. Acta Biomater 2019; 96:161-174. [PMID: 31254683 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.06.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Tissue scaffolds need to be engineered to be cell compatible, have timely biodegradable character, be functional with respect to providing niche cell support for tissue repair and regeneration, readily accommodate multiple cell types, and have mechanical properties that enable the simulation of the native tissue. In this study, electrospun degradable polar hydrophobic ionic polyurethane (D-PHI) scaffolds were generated in order to yield an extracellular matrix-like structure for tissue engineering applications. D-PHI oligomers were synthesized, blended with a degradable linear polycarbonate polyurethane (PCNU), and electrospun with simultaneous in situ UV cross-linking in order to generate aligned nanofibrous scaffolds in the form of elastomeric composite materials. The D-PHI/PCNU scaffold fibre morphology, cross-linking efficiency, surface nature, mechanical properties, in vivo degradation and integration, as well as in vitro cell compatibility were characterized. The results showed that D-PHI/PCNU scaffolds had a high cross-linking efficiency, stronger polar nature, and lower stiffness relative to PCNU scaffolds. In vivo, the D-PHI/PCNU scaffold degraded relatively slowly, thereby enabling new tissue time to form and yielding very good integration with the latter tissue. Based on a study with A10 vascular smooth muscle cells, the D-PHI/PCNU scaffold was able to support high cell viability, adhesion, and expression of typical smooth muscle cell markers after a 7-day culture period, which was comparable to PCNU scaffolds. These characterization results demonstrate that the unique properties of a D-PHI/PCNU scaffold, combined with the benefits of electrospinning, could allow for the generation of a tissue engineered scaffold that mimics important aspects of the native extracellular matrix and could be used for functional tissue regeneration. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Tissue engineered scaffolds should recapitulate native extracellular matrix features. This study investigates the processing of a classical polycarbonate polyurethane (PCNU) with a cross-linked and degradable ionomeric polyurethane (D-PHI), polymerized via in situ rapid light curing to yield a 3-dimensional co-electrospun nanofibre matrix with chemical diversity and low modulus character. This research advances the use of D-PHI for tissue engineering applications by providing a facile means of changing physical and chemical properties in classical PCNUs without the need to adjust spinning viscosities of the base polymer. Further, the in vivo and cell culture findings set the stage for introducing unique elastic materials which inherently support wound healing, repair, and regeneration in tissues, for applications that require the recapitulation of native extracellular matrix physical features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer P Chan
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada; Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Kyle G Battiston
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada; Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1M1, Canada; Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1G6, Canada
| | - J Paul Santerre
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada; Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1M1, Canada; Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1G6, Canada.
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13
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Gossart A, Letourneur D, Gand A, Regnault V, Ben Mlouka MA, Cosette P, Pauthe E, Ollivier V, Santerre JP. Mitigation of monocyte driven thrombosis on cobalt chrome surfaces in contact with whole blood by thin film polar/hydrophobic/ionic polyurethane coatings. Biomaterials 2019; 217:119306. [PMID: 31271854 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Monocytes are active at the crossroads between inflammation and coagulation processes since they can secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines and express tissue factor (TF), a major initiator of coagulation. Cobalt-chrome (CoCr), a metal alloy, used as a biomaterial for vascular stents, has been shown to be potentially pro-thrombotic and pro-inflammatory. Research work with a polymer from a family of degradable-polar hydrophobic ionic polyurethanes (D-PHI), called HHHI, has been shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory responses from human monocytes. We have generated multifunctional polyurethane thin films (MPTF) based on the HHHI chemistry, as a thin coating for CoCr and have evaluated the reactivity of blood with MPTF-coated CoCr. The results showed that the coating of CoCr with MPTF derived from HHHI prevents thrombin generation, reduces coagulation activation, and suppresses fibrin formation in whole blood. Activation of monocytes was also suppressed at the surface of MPTF-coated CoCr and specifically the decrease in thrombin generation was accompanied by a significant decrease in TF and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. Mass spectroscopy of the adsorbed proteins showed lower levels of fibrinogen, fibronectin and complement C3, C4, and C8 when compared to CoCr. We can conclude that MPTFs reduce the pro-thrombotic and pro-inflammatory phenotype of monocytes and macrophages on CoCr, and prevent clotting in whole blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Gossart
- Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science (LVTS), Inserm U1148, Université Paris Diderot, Université Paris 13, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France; Equipe de Recherche sur les Relations Matrice Extracellulaire-Cellules (ERRMECe), Biomaterial for Health Research Group, Institut des Matériaux, Maison International de la Recherche, Université de Cergy-Pontoise, 95000 Neuville sur Oise, France; Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rodgers Centre for Heart Research, Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering (IBBME) and the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Didier Letourneur
- Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science (LVTS), Inserm U1148, Université Paris Diderot, Université Paris 13, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
| | - Adeline Gand
- Equipe de Recherche sur les Relations Matrice Extracellulaire-Cellules (ERRMECe), Biomaterial for Health Research Group, Institut des Matériaux, Maison International de la Recherche, Université de Cergy-Pontoise, 95000 Neuville sur Oise, France
| | | | - Mohamed Amine Ben Mlouka
- Polymers, Biopolymers, Surface Laboratory, UMR 6270 CNRS, PISSARO Proteomic Facility, IRIB, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Pascal Cosette
- Polymers, Biopolymers, Surface Laboratory, UMR 6270 CNRS, PISSARO Proteomic Facility, IRIB, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Emmanuel Pauthe
- Equipe de Recherche sur les Relations Matrice Extracellulaire-Cellules (ERRMECe), Biomaterial for Health Research Group, Institut des Matériaux, Maison International de la Recherche, Université de Cergy-Pontoise, 95000 Neuville sur Oise, France
| | - Véronique Ollivier
- Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science (LVTS), Inserm U1148, Université Paris Diderot, Université Paris 13, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France.
| | - J Paul Santerre
- Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rodgers Centre for Heart Research, Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering (IBBME) and the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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14
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Sridharan R, Cavanagh B, Cameron AR, Kelly DJ, O'Brien FJ. Material stiffness influences the polarization state, function and migration mode of macrophages. Acta Biomater 2019; 89:47-59. [PMID: 30826478 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.02.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Biomaterial implantation is followed by an inflammatory cascade dominated by macrophages, which determine implant acceptance or rejection through pro- and anti-inflammatory polarization states (Anderson et al., 2008; Brown and Badylak, 2013). It is known that chemical signals such as bacterial endotoxins and cytokines (IL4) can direct macrophage polarization (Mantovani et al., 2004); however, recent evidence implicates biophysical cues in this process (McWhorter et al., 2015; Patel et al., 2012). Here we report that THP-1 derived macrophages cultured on collagen-coated polyacrylamide gels of varying stiffness adapt their polarization state, functional roles and migration mode according to the stiffness of the underlying substrate. Through gene expression and protein secretion analysis, we show that stiff polyacrylamide gels (323 kPa) prime macrophages towards a pro-inflammatory phenotype with impaired phagocytosis in macrophages, while soft (11 kPa) and medium (88 kPa) stiffness gels prime cells towards an anti-inflammatory, highly phagocytic phenotype. Furthermore, we show that stiffness dictates the migration mode of macrophages; on soft and medium stiffness gels, cells display Rho-A kinase (ROCK)-dependent, podosome-independent fast amoeboid migration and on stiff gels they adopt a ROCK-independent, podosome-dependent slow mesenchymal migration mode. We also provide a mechanistic insight into this process by showing that the anti-inflammatory property of macrophages on soft and medium gels is ROCK-dependent and independent of the ligand presented to them. Together, our results demonstrate that macrophages adapt their polarization, function and migration mode in response to the stiffness of the underlying substrate and suggest that biomaterial stiffness is capable of directing macrophage behaviour independent of the biochemical cues being presented to them. The results from this study establish an important role for substrate stiffness in directing macrophage behaviour, and will lead to the design of immuno-informed biomaterials that are capable of modulating the macrophage response after implantation. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Biomaterial implantation is followed by an inflammatory cascade dominated by macrophages, which determine implant acceptance or rejection through pro- and anti-inflammatory polarization states. It is known that chemical signals can direct macrophage polarization; however, recent evidence implicates biophysical cues in this process. Here we report that macrophages cultured on gels of varying stiffness adapt their polarization state, functional roles and migration mode according to the stiffness of the underlying substrate. The results from this study establish an important role for substrate stiffness in directing macrophage behaviour, and will lead to the design of immuno-informed biomaterials that are capable of modulating the macrophage response after implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rukmani Sridharan
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland; Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland; Advanced Materials Bio-Engineering Research (AMBER) Centre, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Brenton Cavanagh
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland; Cellular and Molecular Imaging Core, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Andrew R Cameron
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland; Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland; Advanced Materials Bio-Engineering Research (AMBER) Centre, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Daniel J Kelly
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland; Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland; Advanced Materials Bio-Engineering Research (AMBER) Centre, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Fergal J O'Brien
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland; Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland; Advanced Materials Bio-Engineering Research (AMBER) Centre, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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Coating of cobalt chrome substrates with thin films of polar/hydrophobic/ionic polyurethanes: Characterization and interaction with human immunoglobulin G and fibronectin. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 179:114-120. [PMID: 30952017 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Biomaterial implants often lead to specific tissue reactions that could compromise their bio-integration and/or optimal cellular interactions. Polyurethanes (PU) are of particular interest as coatings to mask CoCr's bioactivity, since they are generally more biocompatible than metal substrates, present a broad range of chemistry, and have highly tunable-mechanical properties. In the current work, complex polyvinyl-urethanes (referred to as D-PHI materials) are studied for their surface phase structures: specifically, an original D-PHI polymer (O-D-PHI) and a differential formulation with relatively higher hydrophobic and ionic content (HHHI) are of interest. The PUs are diluted in tetrahydrofuran (THF) to generate thin films which differentially influence the physical and chemical properties of the D-PHI coatings. AFM images over time show the gradual appearance of domains exhibiting crystalline organisation, and whose shape and size were dependent on D-PHI thickness (thin films vs non-solvent cast resin materials). After three weeks, a complete stabilization of the crystal state is observed. The thin coatings are stable in an aqueous and 37 °C environment. The adsorption of two human plasmatic proteins Immunoglobulin G (IgG) and Fibronectin (Fn), involved in inflammation and coagulation, was studied. The exposure of specific protein sequences (IgG-Fab, Fn-Cell Binding Domain and Fn-N-terminal domain) were dramatically reduced on both D-PHI materials when compared to bare metal CoCr. The implications of these findings would be relevant to defining coating strategies used to improve the blood clotting and immune cell reactivity to CoCr implant materials.
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16
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Klinder A, Markhoff J, Jonitz-Heincke A, Sterna P, Salamon A, Bader R. Comparison of different cell culture plates for the enrichment of non-adherent human mononuclear cells. Exp Ther Med 2019; 17:2004-2012. [PMID: 30867690 PMCID: PMC6395970 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
While tissue-resident monocytes and macrophages are considered to be vital players in the in vivo interaction between biomaterials and surrounding tissue, their isolation is limited. In order to establish in vitro models elucidating implant and tissue interactions, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) represent a viable source for bone marrow-derived monocytes and an alternative to tissue-resident cells. The aim of present study was to analyse different adhesion-preventing tissue culture plates for their potential to facilitate the culture of monocytes without differentiation into macrophages. Freshly isolated PBMCs were seeded into four commercially available tissue culture plates with different adhesive properties and were tested for surface CD14 and CD68 expression using flow cytometry following 7 days in culture. When PBMCs were cultivated in RPMI on Cellstar® Cell culture plates with Cell-Repellent Surface, a significant increase in CD14-positive cells was observed compared with cultivation in standard tissue culture-treated plates. This was accompanied by elevated cytokine production of interleukin-6 (IL6) and interleukin-8 (IL8); however, overall cell growth was not affected. When PBMCs were pre-cultured in cell-repellent plates, there was a higher yield of adherent cells after subsequent transfer into standard tissue culture-treated plates. Cultivation of PBMCs on cell-repellent culture plates favoured a monocytic phenotype and thus, represents an alternative to increase the fraction of monocytes yielded from PBMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annett Klinder
- Department of Orthopaedics, Research Laboratory for Biomechanics and Implant Technology, University Medicine Rostock, D-18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Jana Markhoff
- Department of Orthopaedics, Research Laboratory for Biomechanics and Implant Technology, University Medicine Rostock, D-18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Anika Jonitz-Heincke
- Department of Orthopaedics, Research Laboratory for Biomechanics and Implant Technology, University Medicine Rostock, D-18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Philipp Sterna
- Department of Orthopaedics, Research Laboratory for Biomechanics and Implant Technology, University Medicine Rostock, D-18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Achim Salamon
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medicine Rostock, D-18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Rainer Bader
- Department of Orthopaedics, Research Laboratory for Biomechanics and Implant Technology, University Medicine Rostock, D-18057 Rostock, Germany
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17
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Song Y, Ren M, Wu Y, Li S, Song C, Wang F, Huang Y. The effect of different surface treatment methods on the physical, chemical and biological performances of a PGA scaffold. RSC Adv 2019; 9:20174-20184. [PMID: 35514696 PMCID: PMC9065566 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra02100k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to improve the adhesion between a PGA scaffold and islet cells, it is necessary to find a suitable method to modify the scaffold. In this study, the PGA scaffold surface was modified by plasma, polylysine coating and plasma combined with polylysine coating (P–P-PGA). The surface adhesion of the modified PGA scaffold was examined, and the stretchability and infiltration of the PGA scaffold were also tested. Then, the PGA scaffold treated under the optimal treatment conditions was selected to co-culture with rat islet cells, and the survival activity of the rat islet cells on the untreated PGA scaffold and the P–P-PGA scaffold was examined via the MTT method. Rhodamine staining and DAPI staining were used to detect the number of islet cells adhered to four groups of scaffolds at different culture time points. The PGA-islet graft in the leg muscle of rats was stained with HE to perform the PGA-islet graft pathological examination. The experimental results showed that when the plasma treatment power was 240 W, the processing time was 4 min; the concentration of the polylysine coating solution was 2 mg ml−1, the tensile strength of the PGA scaffold was 320.45 MPa and the amount of infiltration of the PGA scaffold by the serum medium presented the maximum value: 3.17 g g−1. The MTT survival activity test results showed that after 3 d of culture, the survival activity of the islet cells of the treated PGA scaffold culture group (2.02 ± 0.13) was significantly different from the survival activity of the islet cells of the untreated PGA scaffold culture group (1.93 ± 0.10). The survival activities of the islet cells in the experimental groups (1.60 ± 0.13, 1.40 ± 0.12) were still higher than those of the control groups (0.96 ± 013, 0.69 ± 0.09) at 15 and 21 d. The results of the rhodamine and DAPI staining showed that with the increase in culture time, the number of the adherent cells in each group increased, and the number of the adherent islet cells in the experimental group was higher than that in the untreated group. The HE staining results showed that the islet cells on the P–P-PGA scaffold were more than those on the untreated PGA scaffold. After modification of the PGA scaffold, the adhesion of the islet cells improved, which was conducive to the growth of islet cells. These results confirmed that the plasma combined with polylysine coating treatment could enhance the adhesion of the PGA scaffold surface, so that the scaffold and the islet cells exhibited better adhesion and biocompatibility, and the modified PGA scaffold (P–P-PGA) could be used as a promising islet cell scaffold. In order to improve the adhesion between a PGA scaffold and islet cells, it is necessary to find a suitable method to modify the scaffold.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimin Song
- Department of Health Medicine
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital
- Beijing 100730
- China
| | - Minghua Ren
- Surgery Department
- the Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation of Ministry of Health of the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University
- Harbin
- 150001 China
| | - Yadong Wu
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin
- China
| | - Siyu Li
- Surgery Department
- the Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation of Ministry of Health of the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University
- Harbin
- 150001 China
| | - Chun Song
- Surgery Department
- the Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation of Ministry of Health of the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University
- Harbin
- 150001 China
| | - Fang Wang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin
- China
| | - Yudong Huang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin
- China
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18
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Delaviz Y, Liu TW, Deonarain AR, Finer Y, Shokati B, Santerre JP. Physical properties and cytotoxicity of antimicrobial dental resin adhesives containing dimethacrylate oligomers of Ciprofloxacin and Metronidazole. Dent Mater 2018; 35:229-243. [PMID: 30502964 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2018.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Revised: 10/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Antimicrobial oligomers synthesized from ciprofloxacin (CF) and metronidazole (MN) were investigated for their potential use in dental adhesives. METHODS Susceptibility of the cariogenic bacterium Streptococcus mutans UA159 to CF, MN, and CF/MN combination was evaluated. Hydrolytic stability and drug release from the oligomers was studied in buffer and simulated human salivary esterase conditions. Cytotoxicity of films with 15wt% drug oligomers co-polymerized with commercial monomers were assessed using human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs). In-house adhesives were prepared and characterized for viscosity. Polymerized films were analysed for gel content and water swelling. Interfacial fracture toughness (KIC) of composites bonded to dentin by either a 2 or 3-step etch-and-rinse approach using the in-house formulated adhesives was measured. RESULTS The respective minimum inhibitory concentration for CF and MN against S. mutans was 0.7 and 2400μg/mL, with the combination having an additive effect (0.35μg/mL CF with 1200μg/mL MN). Antibiotics were released upon hydrolysis of the oligomers. Films containing the drug oligomers were not cytotoxic against HGFs. Replacing 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate with the drug oligomers increased the viscosity of the experimental adhesives, reduced gel content, and decreased swelling of films in water. Antimicrobial adhesives demonstrated bonding to dentin with interfacial KIC values comparable to the in-house control in the 2-step application, and with slightly lower KIC values in the 3-step approach. SIGNIFICANCE The antimicrobial oligomers can be incorporated into dental adhesive systems using formulations that show comparable fracture toughness to commercial materials, and may provide a means to deliver local antimicrobial drug release at the marginal interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasaman Delaviz
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Timothy W Liu
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Yoav Finer
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Babak Shokati
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - J Paul Santerre
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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19
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Hou W, Liu Y, Zhang B, He X, Li H. Adsorption-associated orientational changes of immunoglobulin G and regulated phagocytosis of Staphylococcus epidermidis. J Biomed Mater Res A 2018; 106:2838-2849. [PMID: 30194904 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the adsorption of immunoglobulin G (IgG) on biomaterials surfaces is crucial for design and modification of the surfaces to alleviate inflammatory responses after implantation. Here, we report direct visualization and two-dimensional (2D) image interpretation of the IgG molecule adsorbed on simplified surfaces by single particle electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. Influence of the orientational changes in adsorbed IgG on phagocytosis of macrophages against Staphylococcus epidermidis is further examined. Untreated amorphous carbon film and -COOH and -NH2 grafted carbon films are employed as the model surfaces for the adsorption testing. Results show that IgG displays flat orientation lying on the untreated surface, while forms vertical orientations standing on the functionalized surfaces. These specific spatial alignments are associated with altered unfolding extent and structure rearrangement of IgG domains, which are influenced synergistically by surface charge and wettability of the substrata. The changes in interdomain distance of IgG molecules subsequently regulate immune behaviors of macrophages and phagocytosis of S. epidermidis. The results would give insight into appropriate design of biomaterial surfaces in nanoscales for desired inflammatory responses. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 2838-2849, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjia Hou
- Key laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Key laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Botao Zhang
- Key laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Xiaoyan He
- Key laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Hua Li
- Key laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
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Abstract
BACKGROUND A foreign body reaction (FBR) is a typical tissue response to a biomaterial that has been injected or implanted in human body tissue. There has been a lack of data on the classification of foreign body reaction to silicone injection, which can describe the pattern of body tissue responses to silicone. OBJECTIVE Determine the foreign body reaction to silicone injection. METHOD We modified the classification proposed by Duranti and colleagues, which has categorized a FBR to hyaluronic acid injection into a new classification of an FBR to silicone injection. A cohort study of 31 women suffering from silicone-induced granulomas on their chin was conducted. Granulomatous tissue and submental skin were stained with hematoxylin–eosin and evaluated. RESULTS Our data revealed that there were at least 7 categories of FBRs to silicone injection that could be developed. Categories 1 to 4 showed inflammatory activity, and categories 5 to 8 showed tissue repair by fibrosis. CONCLUSION Using histopathological staining, we are able to sequence the steps of body reactions to silicone injection. Initial inflammatory reaction is then replaced by fibrosis process repairing the damaged tissues. The process depends on the host immune tolerance.
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21
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Gossart A, Battiston KG, Gand A, Pauthe E, Santerre JP. Mono vs multilayer fibronectin coatings on polar/hydrophobic/ionic polyurethanes: Altering surface interactions with human monocytes. Acta Biomater 2018; 66:129-140. [PMID: 29127068 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 10/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Monocyte interactions with materials that are biofunctionalized with fibronectin (Fn) are of interest because of the documented literature which associates this protein with white blood cell function at implant sites. A degradable-polar hydrophobic ionic polyurethane (D-PHI), has been reported to promote an anti-inflammatory response from human monocytes. The aim of the current work was to study the influence of intrinsic D-PHI material chemistry on Fn adsorption (mono and multi-layer structures), and to investigate the influence of such chemistry on the structural state of the Fn, as well as the latter's influence on the activity of human monocytes on the protein coated substrates. Significant differences in Fn adsorption, surface hydrophobicity and the availability of defined peptide sequences (N terminal, C terminal or Cell Binding Domain) for the Fn in mono vs multilayer structures were observed as a function of the changes in intrinsic material chemistry. A D-PHI-formulated polyurethane substrate with subtle changes in anionic and hydrophobic domain content relative to the polar non-ionic urethane/carbonate groups within the polymer matrix promoted the lowest activation of monocytes, in the presence of multi-layer Fn constructs. These results highlight the importance of chemical heterogeneity as a design parameter for biomaterial surfaces, and establishes a desired strategy for controlling human monocyte activity at the surface of devices, when these are coated with multi-layer Fn structures. The latter is an important step towards functionalizing the materials with multi-layer protein drug carriers as interventional therapeutic agents. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The control of the behavior of monocytes, especially migration and activation, is of crucial interest to modulate the inflammatory response at the site of implanted biomaterial. Several studies report the influence of adsorbed serum proteins on the behavior of monocytes on biomaterials. However, few studies show the influence of surface chemical group distribution on the controlled adsorption and the subsequent induced conformation- of mono versus multi-layer assembled structures generated from specific proteins implicated in wound repair. The current research considered the role of Fn adsorption and conformation in thin films while interacting with the intrinsic chemistry of segmented block polyurethanes; and the influence of the former on modulation and activation of human monocytes.
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Zhang X, Battiston KG, Simmons CA, Santerre JP. Differential Regulation of Extracellular Matrix Components Using Different Vitamin C Derivatives in Mono- and Coculture Systems. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2017; 4:3768-3778. [PMID: 33429598 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.7b00389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Vascular tissue engineering strategies using cell-seeded scaffolds require uniformly distributed vascular cells and sufficient extracellular matrix (ECM) production. However, acquiring sufficient ECM deposition on synthetic biomaterial scaffolds during the in vitro culture period prior to tissue implantation still remains challenging for vascular constructs. Two forms of vitamin C derivatives, ascorbic acid (AA) and sodium ascorbate (SA), are commonly supplemented in cell culture to promote ECM accumulation. However, the literature often refers to AA and SA interchangeably, and their differential effects on cell growth and ECM molecule (glycosaminoglycan, collagen, elastin) accumulation have never been reported when used in monoculture or coculture systems developed with synthetic three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds. In this study, it was found that 200 μM AA stimulated an increase in cell number, whereas SA (50, 100, and 200 μM) supported more calponin expression (immunostaining) and higher ECM accumulation from vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) after 1 week in the degradable polar hydrophobic ionic polyurethane scaffold. The influence of AA and SA on ECM deposition was also studied in VSMC-monocyte cocultures to replicate some aspects of a wound healing environment in vitro and compared to their effects in respective VSMC monocultures after 4 weeks. Although 100 μM SA promoted ECM deposition in coculture, the condition of 100 μM AA + 100 μM SA was more effective toward enhancing ECM accumulation in VSMC monoculture after 4 weeks. The results demonstrated that AA and SA are not interchangeable, and the different effects of AA and/or SA on ECM deposition were both culture system (co- vs monoculture) and culture period (1 vs 4 week) dependent. This study provides further insight into practical vascular tissue engineering strategies when using 3D synthetic biomaterial-based constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Zhang
- Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 661 University Avenue, 14th Floor, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Kyle G Battiston
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, 124 Edward Street, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1G6, Canada
| | - Craig A Simmons
- Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 661 University Avenue, 14th Floor, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1M1, Canada.,Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada.,Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, 124 Edward Street, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1G6, Canada
| | - J Paul Santerre
- Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 661 University Avenue, 14th Floor, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1M1, Canada.,Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, 124 Edward Street, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1G6, Canada
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Zhang X, Battiston KG, Labow RS, Simmons CA, Santerre JP. Generating favorable growth factor and protease release profiles to enable extracellular matrix accumulation within an in vitro tissue engineering environment. Acta Biomater 2017; 54:81-94. [PMID: 28242454 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 02/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering (particularly for the case of load-bearing cardiovascular and connective tissues) requires the ability to promote the production and accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) components (e.g., collagen, glycosaminoglycan and elastin). Although different approaches have been attempted in order to enhance ECM accumulation in tissue engineered constructs, studies of underlying signalling mechanisms that influence ECM deposition and degradation during tissue remodelling and regeneration in multi-cellular culture systems have been limited. The current study investigated vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC)-monocyte co-culture systems using different VSMC:monocyte ratios, within a degradable polyurethane scaffold, to assess their influence on ECM generation and degradation processes, and to elucidate relevant signalling molecules involved in this in vitro vascular tissue engineering system. It was found that a desired release profile of growth factors (e.g. insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1)) and hydrolytic proteases (e.g. matrix-metalloproteinases 2, 9, 13 and 14 (MMP2, MMP9, MMP13 and MMP14)), could be achieved in co-culture systems, yielding an accumulation of ECM (specifically for 2:1 and 4:1 VSMC:monocyte culture systems). This study has significant implications for the tissue engineering field (including vascular tissue engineering), not only because it identified important cytokines and proteases that control ECM accumulation/degradation within synthetic tissue engineering scaffolds, but also because the established culture systems could be applied to improve the development of different types of tissue constructs. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Sufficient extracellular matrix accumulation within cardiovascular and connective tissue engineered constructs is a prerequisite for their appropriate function in vivo. This study established co-culture systems with tissue specific cells (vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs)) and defined ratios of immune cells (monocytes) to investigate extracellular matrix (ECM) generation and degradation processes, revealing important mechanisms underlying ECM turnover during vascular tissue regeneration/remodelling. A specific growth factor (IGF-1), as well as hydrolytic proteases (e.g. MMP2, MMP9, MMP13 and MMP14), were identified as playing important roles in these processes. ECM accumulation was found to be dependent on achieving a desired release profile of these ECM-promoting and ECM-degrading factors within the multi-cellular microenvironment. The findings enhance our understanding of ECM deposition and degradation during in vitro tissue engineering and would be applicable to the repair or regeneration of a variety of tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Zhang
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada; Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Kyle G Battiston
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada; Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Rosalind S Labow
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Craig A Simmons
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada; Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada; Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1G6, Canada; Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - J Paul Santerre
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada; Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1G6, Canada; Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1M1, Canada.
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24
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Brockman KS, Kizhakkedathu JN, Santerre JP. Hemocompatibility studies on a degradable polar hydrophobic ionic polyurethane (D-PHI). Acta Biomater 2017; 48:368-377. [PMID: 27818307 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 10/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Biomaterial blood compatibility is a complex process that involves four key pathways, including the coagulation cascade, the complement system, platelets, and leukocytes. While many studies have addressed the initial contact of blood with homopolymeric (e.g. Teflon) or simple copolymeric (e.g. Dacron) biomaterials, relatively less attention has been given to investigating blood coagulation with respect to complex copolymeric systems containing well defined and diverse function. The current study sought to assess the hemocompatibility of a complex polyurethane (PU) containing a unique combination of polar, hydrophobic, and ionic domains (D-PHI). This included a whole blood (WB) study, followed by tests on the intrinsic and extrinsic coagulation pathways, complement activation, platelet activation, and an assessment of the effect of leukocytes on platelet-biomaterial interactions. A small increase in blood clot formation was observed on D-PHI in WB; however, there was no significant increase in clotting via the intrinsic coagulation cascade. No significant increase in platelet adhesion and only a very slight increase in platelet activation were observed in comparison to albumin-coated substrates (negative control). D-PHI showed mild complement activation and increased initiation of the extrinsic pathway of coagulation, along with the observation that leukocytes were important in mediating platelet-biomaterial interactions. It is proposed that complement is responsible for activating coagulation by inciting leukocytes to generate tissue factor (TF), which causes extrinsic pathway activation. This low level of blood clotting on D-PHI's surface may be necessary for the beneficial wound healing of vascular constructs that has been previously reported for this material. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Understanding the hemocompatibility of devices intended for blood-contacting applications is important for predicting device failure. Hemocompatibility is a complex parameter (affected by at least four different mechanisms) that measures the level of thrombus generation and immune system activation resulting from blood-biomaterial contact. The complexity of hemocompatibility implies that homopolymers are unlikely to solve the clotting challenges that face most biomaterials. Diversity in surface chemistry (containing hydrophobic, ionic, and polar domains) obtained from engineered polyurethanes can lead to favourable interactions with blood. The current research considered the effect of a highly functionalized polyurethane biomaterial on all four mechanisms in order to provide a comprehensive in vitro measure of the hemocompatibility of this unique material and the important mechanisms at play.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryne S Brockman
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3R5, Canada; Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Jayachandran N Kizhakkedathu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada; Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - J Paul Santerre
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3R5, Canada; Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada; Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1G6, Canada.
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25
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Zhou G, Liedmann A, Chatterjee C, Groth T. In vitro study of the host responses to model biomaterials via a fibroblast/macrophage co-culture system. Biomater Sci 2017; 5:141-152. [DOI: 10.1039/c6bm00247a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages promote wound healing/fibrotic responses by up-regulation of fibroblast outgrowth and α-SMA expression to different levels on different model biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoying Zhou
- Biomedical Materials Group
- Institute of Pharmacy
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
- 06120 Halle
- Germany
| | - Andrea Liedmann
- Biomedical Materials Group
- Institute of Pharmacy
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
- 06120 Halle
- Germany
| | - Chandralekha Chatterjee
- Biomedical Materials Group
- Institute of Pharmacy
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
- 06120 Halle
- Germany
| | - Thomas Groth
- Biomedical Materials Group
- Institute of Pharmacy
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
- 06120 Halle
- Germany
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26
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Fibronectin adsorption on surface-modified polyetherurethanes and their differentiated effect on specific blood elements related to inflammatory and clotting processes. Biointerphases 2016; 11:029809. [PMID: 27246517 DOI: 10.1116/1.4950887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
After the introduction of a medical device into the body, adhesive proteins such as fibronectin (Fn) will adsorb to the surface of the biomaterial. Monocytes (MCs) will interact with these adsorbed proteins, and adopt either a proinflammatory and/or prowound healing phenotype, thereby influencing many blood interaction events including thrombogenesis. In this work, Fn adsorption as well as subsequent MC response and thrombus formation were investigated on two surfaces-modified polyetherurethanes (PEUs) using different surface modifiers: an anionic/dihydroxyl oligomeric (ADO) additive, known to enable cell adhesion, and a fluorinated polypropylene oxide oligomer (PPO), known to reduce platelet adhesion. Results indicated that at 24 h of MC culture, PEU-ADO and PEU-PPO promoted an anti-inflammatory character relative to the base PEU. Longer clotting times, based on a free hemoglobin assay, were also found on the two surface-modified PEUs relative to the native one, suggesting their potential for the reduction of thrombus formation. In presence of a Fn monolayer, the surface-modified PEUs conserved a lower thrombogenic character than the base PEU, and was however significantly decreased when compared to prior protein adsorption. Furthermore, Fn coatings increased the MC production levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-10 at 24 h, while not affecting the anti-inflammatory effect of the modifications relative to the base PEU. This finding was most prominent on PEU-PPO, suggesting that the interaction of the adsorbed Fn with blood cells was different for the two additives. Hence, the results highlighted differentiating effects of Fn adsorption on specific blood activating processes related to inflammatory and thrombotic responses.
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27
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Zhou G, Niepel MS, Saretia S, Groth T. Reducing the inflammatory responses of biomaterials by surface modification with glycosaminoglycan multilayers. J Biomed Mater Res A 2015; 104:493-502. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Revised: 10/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guoying Zhou
- Biomedical Materials Group; Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg; Heinrich-Damerow-Strasse 4 Halle (Saale) 06120 Germany
| | - Marcus S. Niepel
- Biomedical Materials Group; Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg; Heinrich-Damerow-Strasse 4 Halle (Saale) 06120 Germany
| | - Shivam Saretia
- Biomedical Materials Group; Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg; Heinrich-Damerow-Strasse 4 Halle (Saale) 06120 Germany
| | - Thomas Groth
- Biomedical Materials Group; Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg; Heinrich-Damerow-Strasse 4 Halle (Saale) 06120 Germany
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Zhou G, Loppnow H, Groth T. A macrophage/fibroblast co-culture system using a cell migration chamber to study inflammatory effects of biomaterials. Acta Biomater 2015; 26:54-63. [PMID: 26292266 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Revised: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory reactions hamper the use of biomaterials after implantation. Thus, the aim of the study was to develop a novel predictive in vitro macrophage/fibroblast co-culture model based on cell migration chambers that allows a timely and locally controlled interaction of both cell types to study the inflammatory responses of biomaterials in vitro. Here, self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) with different wettability and charge properties were used as model biomaterials on which co-cultures were established by use of fence chambers having internal and external compartments. This allowed establishing separated and mixed co-cultures of both cell types before and after removal of the chamber, respectively. The key advantages of this novel co-culture model included not only to establish a timely-resolved study of cytokine release, but also the ability to assess individual macrophage migration in both macrophage mono-cultures and co-cultures. All inflammatory reactions in terms of macrophage adhesion, macrophage migration, foreign body giant cell (FBGC) formation, β1 integrin expression and pro-inflammatory cytokine production were found strongly surface property dependent. The results show that the hydrophobic CH3 surface caused the strongest inflammatory reactions, whereas the hydrophilic/anionic COOH surface caused the least inflammatory response, indicating low and high biocompatibility of the surfaces, respectively. Most importantly, we found that both macrophage motility and directional movement were increased in the presence of fibroblasts in co-cultures compared with macrophage mono-cultures. Overall, the novel co-culture system provides access to a range of parameters for studying inflammatory reactions and reveals how material surface properties affect the inflammatory responses.
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29
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Battiston K, Ouyang B, Honarparvar E, Qian J, Labow R, Simmons C, Santerre J. Interaction of a block-co-polymeric biomaterial with immunoglobulin G modulates human monocytes towards a non-inflammatory phenotype. Acta Biomater 2015; 24:35-43. [PMID: 26074158 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Revised: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Monocyte interactions with implanted biomaterials can contribute significantly to the ability of a biomaterial to support tissue integration and wound healing, as opposed to a chronic pro-inflammatory foreign body reaction, provided the materials are designed to do so. However, there are few biomaterials available designed to regulate immune cell response with the intention of reducing the pro-inflammatory activation state. Material chemistry is a powerful tool for regulating protein and cell interactions that can be incorporated into surfaces while maintaining desired mechanical properties. The aspects of material chemistry that can support monocyte activation away from a pro-inflammatory state are still poorly understood. Protein adsorption is a key initial event that transforms the surface of a biomedical device into a biological substrate that will govern subsequent cellular interactions. In this study, the chemistry of degradable block polyurethanes, termed degradable polar hydrophobic ionic (D-PHI) polyurethanes, were studied for their unique interactions with bound immunoglobulin G (IgG), a pro-inflammatory protein that supports monocyte-biomaterial interactions. The specific immunological active sites of the polyurethane-adsorbed protein were compared with IgG's adsorbed state on a homopolymeric material with surface chemistry conducive to cell interactions, e.g. tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS). IgG-coated TCPS supported sustained monocyte adhesion and enhanced monocyte spreading, effects not observed with IgG-coated PU. The degradable PU was subsequently shown to reduce the number of exposed IgG-Fab sites following pre-adsorption vs. IgG adsorbed to TCPS, with antibody inhibition experiments demonstrating that Fab-site exposure appears to dominate monocyte-biomaterial interactions. Minor changes in chemical segments within the PU molecular chains were subsequently investigated for their influence on directing IgG interactions towards reducing pro-inflammatory activity. A reduction in chemical heterogeneity within the PU, without significant differences in other material properties known to regulate monocyte response, was shown to increase Fab exposure and subsequently led to monocyte interactions similar to those observed for IgG-coated TCPS. These results infer that reduced IgG-Fab site exposure can be directed by material chemistry to attenuate pro-inflammatory monocyte interactions with biomaterial surfaces, and identify the chemical features of polymeric biomaterial design responsible for this process. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE There is currently limited understanding of material design features that can regulate protein-material interactions in order to prevent adverse inflammatory responses to implanted biomaterials. In this paper, monocyte interactions with biomaterials (specifically a block co-polymeric degradable polyurethane [D-PHI] and tissue culture polystyrene [TCPS]) were investigated as a function of their interactions with adsorbed immunoglobulin G (IgG). D-PHI was shown to attenuate IgG-induced monocyte retention and spreading by reducing IgG-Fab site exposure upon adsorption relative to TCPS. Aspects of D-PHI chemistry important in regulating Fab site exposure were determined. This study thus identifies features of biomaterials, using D-PHI as a case study, which can contribute to the development of new immunomodulatory biomaterial design.
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Chai Q, Huang Y, Ayres N. Shape memory biomaterials prepared from polyurethane/ureas containing sulfated glucose. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.27668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qinyuan Chai
- Department of Chemistry; The University of Cincinnati; Cincinnati Ohio 45221-0172
| | - Yongshun Huang
- Department of Chemistry; The University of Cincinnati; Cincinnati Ohio 45221-0172
| | - Neil Ayres
- Department of Chemistry; The University of Cincinnati; Cincinnati Ohio 45221-0172
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31
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Iu J, Santerre JP, Kandel RA. Inner and Outer Annulus Fibrosus Cells Exhibit Differentiated Phenotypes and Yield Changes in Extracellular Matrix Protein Composition In Vitro on a Polycarbonate Urethane Scaffold. Tissue Eng Part A 2014; 20:3261-9. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2013.0777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Iu
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- BioEngineering of Skeletal Tissues Team, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - J. Paul Santerre
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Rita A. Kandel
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- BioEngineering of Skeletal Tissues Team, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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32
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An R, Zhuang W, Yang Z, Lu X, Zhu J, Wang Y, Dong Y, Wu N. Protein adsorptive behavior on mesoporous titanium dioxide determined by geometrical topography. Chem Eng Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2014.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Thorfve A, Bergstrand A, Ekström K, Lindahl A, Thomsen P, Larsson A, Tengvall P. Gene expression profiling of peri-implant healing of PLGA-Li+ implants suggests an activated Wnt signaling pathway in vivo. PLoS One 2014; 9:e102597. [PMID: 25047349 PMCID: PMC4105622 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone development and regeneration is associated with the Wnt signaling pathway that, according to literature, can be modulated by lithium ions (Li+). The aim of this study was to evaluate the gene expression profile during peri-implant healing of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) implants with incorporated Li+, while PLGA without Li+ was used as control, and a special attention was then paid to the Wnt signaling pathway. The implants were inserted in rat tibia for 7 or 28 days and the gene expression profile was investigated using a genome-wide microarray analysis. The results were verified by qPCR and immunohistochemistry. Histomorphometry was used to evaluate the possible effect of Li+ on bone regeneration. The microarray analysis revealed a large number of significantly differentially regulated genes over time within the two implant groups. The Wnt signaling pathway was significantly affected by Li+, with approximately 34% of all Wnt-related markers regulated over time, compared to 22% for non-Li+ containing (control; Ctrl) implants. Functional cluster analysis indicated skeletal system morphogenesis, cartilage development and condensation as related to Li+. The downstream Wnt target gene, FOSL1, and the extracellular protein-encoding gene, ASPN, were significantly upregulated by Li+ compared with Ctrl. The presence of β-catenin, FOSL1 and ASPN positive cells was confirmed around implants of both groups. Interestingly, a significantly reduced bone area was observed over time around both implant groups. The presence of periostin and calcitonin receptor-positive cells was observed at both time points. This study is to the best of the authors' knowledge the first report evaluating the effect of a local release of Li+ from PLGA at the fracture site. The present study shows that during the current time frame and with the present dose of Li+ in PLGA implants, Li+ is not an enhancer of early bone growth, although it affects the Wnt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Thorfve
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna Bergstrand
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
- SuMo BIOMATERIALS VINN Excellence Center, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Stiftelsen Chalmers Industriteknik, Chalmers Teknikpark, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karin Ekström
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anders Lindahl
- BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Peter Thomsen
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anette Larsson
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
- SuMo BIOMATERIALS VINN Excellence Center, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Pentti Tengvall
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Mathieu E, Battiston KG, McBane JE, Davidson L, Suuronen EJ, Santerre JP, Labow RS. Characterization of a degradable polar hydrophobic ionic polyurethane with circulating angiogenic cells in vitro. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2014; 25:1159-73. [PMID: 24898697 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2014.923367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the interaction of human circulating angiogenic cells (CACs) with a degradable polar hydrophobic ionic polyurethane (D-PHI) which has been previously shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory character and favorable interactions with human endothelial cells (ECs). Given the implication of the CACs in microvessel development it was of intrinsic interest to expand our knowledge of D-PHI biocompatibility with this relevant primary cell involved in angiogenesis. The findings will be compared to a well-established benchmark substrate for CACs, fibronectin-coated tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS). Immunoblotting analysis showed that CACs were a heterogeneous population of cells composed mostly of monocytic cells expressing the CD14 marker. Assessment of the cytokine release profile, using ELISA, showed that D-PHI supported a higher concentration of interleukin-10 (IL-10) when compared to the concentration of tumor necrosis factor alpha, which is indicative of an anti-inflammatory phenotype, and was different from the response with TCPS. It was found that the CACs were attached to D-PHI and remained viable and functional (nitric oxide production) during the seven days of culture. However, there did not appear to be any significant proliferation on D-PHI, contrary to the CAC growth on fibronectin-coated TCPS. It was concluded that D-PHI displayed some of the qualities suitable to enable the retention of CACs onto this substrate, as well as maintaining an anti-inflammatory phenotype, characteristics which have been reported to be important for angiogenesis in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Mathieu
- a Division of Cardiac Surgery , University of Ottawa Heart Institute , Ottawa , Canada
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35
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Bourbia M, Ma D, Cvitkovitch DG, Santerre JP, Finer Y. Cariogenic bacteria degrade dental resin composites and adhesives. J Dent Res 2013; 92:989-94. [PMID: 24026951 DOI: 10.1177/0022034513504436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A major reason for dental resin composite restoration replacement is related to secondary caries promoted by acid production from bacteria including Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans). We hypothesized that S. mutans has esterase activities that degrade dental resin composites and adhesives. Standardized specimens of resin composite (Z250), total-etch (Scotchbond Multipurpose, SB), and self-etch (Easybond, EB) adhesives were incubated with S. mutans UA159 or uninoculated culture medium (control) for up to 30 days. Quantification of the BisGMA-derived biodegradation by-product, bishydroxy-propoxy-phenyl-propane (BisHPPP), was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Surface analysis of the specimens was performed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). S. mutans was shown to have esterase activities in levels comparable with those found in human saliva. A trend of increasing BisHPPP release throughout the incubation period was observed for all materials and was more elevated in the presence of bacteria vs. control medium for EB and Z250, but not for SB (p < .05). SEM confirmed the increased degradation of all materials with S. mutans UA159 vs. control. S. mutans has esterase activities at levels that degrade resin composites and adhesives; degree of degradation was dependent on the material's chemical formulation. This finding suggests that the resin-dentin interface could be compromised by oral bacteria that contribute to the progression of secondary caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bourbia
- Dental Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
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