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Yan W, Xia Y, Zhao H, Xu X, Ma X, Tao L. Stem cell-based therapy in cardiac repair after myocardial infarction: Promise, challenges, and future directions. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2024; 188:1-14. [PMID: 38246086 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2023.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Stem cells represent an attractive resource for cardiac regeneration. However, the survival and function of transplanted stem cells is poor and remains a major challenge for the development of effective therapies. As two main cell types currently under investigation in heart repair, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) indirectly support endogenous regenerative capacities after transplantation, while induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) functionally integrate into the damaged myocardium and directly contribute to the restoration of its pump function. These two cell types are exposed to a common microenvironment with many stressors in ischemic heart tissue. This review summarizes the research progress on the mechanisms and challenges of MSCs and iPSC-CMs in post-MI heart repair, introduces several randomized clinical trials with 3D-mapping-guided cell therapy, and outlines recent findings related to the factors that affect the survival and function of stem cells. We also discuss the future directions for optimization such as biomaterial utilization, cell combinations, and intravenous injection of engineered nucleus-free MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yunlong Xia
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Huishou Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Xiaoming Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Xinliang Ma
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States of America
| | - Ling Tao
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
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Csobonyeiova M, Smolinska V, Harsanyi S, Ivantysyn M, Klein M. The Immunomodulatory Role of Cell-Free Approaches in SARS-CoV-2-Induced Cytokine Storm-A Powerful Therapeutic Tool for COVID-19 Patients. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1736. [PMID: 37371831 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, there is still no effective and definitive cure for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the infection of the novel highly contagious severe acute respiratory syndrome virus (SARS-CoV-2), whose sudden outbreak was recorded for the first time in China in late December 2019. Soon after, COVID-19 affected not only the vast majority of China's population but the whole world and caused a global health public crisis as a new pandemic. It is well known that viral infection can cause acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and, in severe cases, can even be lethal. Behind the inflammatory process lies the so-called cytokine storm (CS), which activates various inflammatory cytokines that damage numerous organ tissues. Since the first outbreak of SARS-CoV-2, various research groups have been intensively trying to investigate the best treatment options; however, only limited outcomes have been achieved. One of the most promising strategies represents using either stem cells, such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)/induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), or, more recently, using cell-free approaches involving conditioned media (CMs) and their content, such as extracellular vesicles (EVs) (e.g., exosomes or miRNAs) derived from stem cells. As key mediators of intracellular communication, exosomes carry a cocktail of different molecules with anti-inflammatory effects and immunomodulatory capacity. Our comprehensive review outlines the complex inflammatory process responsible for the CS, summarizes the present results of cell-free-based pre-clinical and clinical studies for COVID-19 treatment, and discusses their future perspectives for therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Csobonyeiova
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Apel, Dunajská 52, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Regenmed Ltd., Medená 29, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Veronika Smolinska
- Regenmed Ltd., Medená 29, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Stefan Harsanyi
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | - Martin Klein
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia
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Chen S, Xia J, Zhan Q, Zhang Y. Microarray Analysis Reveals the Changes in Circular RNA Expression and Molecular Mechanisms in Mice With Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury. Front Physiol 2022; 13:838196. [PMID: 35360228 PMCID: PMC8960733 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.838196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNA (circRNA) expression profiles in lung tissues from mice with and without ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) were analyzed using high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics to clarify their potential role in VILI pathogenesis and provide valuable molecular markers for VILI diagnosis and treatment. A VILI mouse model was established using high-tidal volume ventilation, and lung tissue was stained with HE and TUNEL. The present study used high-throughput sequencing technology to analyze the expression profile of circRNAs in the lung tissue of mice with and without VILI. Bioinformatics was used to analyze the enrichment of differentially expressed circRNAs using Gene Ontology and KEGG to predict function. Among the top 10 circRNAs with significant differential expression, we used real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction technology (qRT-PCR) to verify the accuracy of the high-throughput sequencing results and constructed the corresponding circRNA-miRNA-mRNA-specific binding network map using software prediction. The most upregulated circRNAs were novel_circ_0000899 and novel_circ_0014815, and the most downregulated circRNAs were novel_circ_0015069. A total of 14,347 circRNAs were detected using high-throughput sequencing. Compared to the control group, 285 circRNAs were abnormally and significantly expressed in the lung tissues of VILI mice (|log2(FC)| > 1, p < 0.05). A total of 171 circRNAs were significantly upregulated, and 114 circRNAs were significantly downregulated. Gene ontology analyses indicated that the differentially expressed circRNAs were involved in multiple biological functions, such as regulation of metabolic processes, protein phosphorylation, and chromatin organization. KEGG pathway analyses revealed that the Ras signaling pathway, rap1 signaling pathway, PI3K − Akt signaling pathway, and ECM receiver interaction were related to the differentially expressed circRNAs. The qRT-PCR verification results were generally consistent with the circRNA expression trends of the high-throughput sequencing data. The circRNA-miRNA-mRNA interaction network suggested that miRNAs and mRNAs related to circRNAs played a key role in VILI. Differentially expressed circRNAs were identified in the tissues of VILI mice using high-throughput sequencing combined with bioinformatics analysis, and the results lay a foundation for further study of the mechanism of circRNAs in the occurrence and development of VILI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengsong Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Center of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Tobacco Cessation and Respiratory Diseases Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Jingen Xia
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Center of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, China
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Tobacco Cessation and Respiratory Diseases Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Qingyuan Zhan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Center of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Tobacco Cessation and Respiratory Diseases Prevention, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Qingyuan Zhan,
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Center of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, China
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Tobacco Cessation and Respiratory Diseases Prevention, Beijing, China
- Yi Zhang,
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Ding Y, Cui Y, Hou Y, Nie H. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned medium facilitates fluid resolution via miR-214-activating epithelial sodium channels. MedComm (Beijing) 2021; 1:376-385. [PMID: 34766129 PMCID: PMC8491198 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is featured with severe lung edema at the early exudative phase, resulting from the imbalance of alveolar fluid turnover and clearance. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) belong to multipotent stem cells, which have shown potential therapeutic effects during ALI. Of note, MSC‐conditioned medium (MSC‐CM) improved alveolar fluid clearance (AFC) in vivo, whereas the involvement of miRNAs is seldom known. We thus aim to explore the roles of miR‐214 in facilitating MSC‐CM mediated fluid resolution of impaired AFC. In this study, AFC was increased significantly by intratracheally administrated MSC‐CM in lipopolysaccharide‐treated mice. MSC‐CM augmented amiloride‐sensitive currents in intact H441 monolayers, and increased α‐epithelial sodium channel (α‐ENaC) expression level in H441 and mouse alveolar type 2 epithelial cells. Meanwhile, MSC‐CM increased the expression of miR‐214, which may participate in regulating ENaC expression and function. Our results suggested that MSC‐CM enhanced AFC in ALI mice in vivo through a novel mechanism, involving miR‐214 regulation of ENaC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ding
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine College of Basic Medical Science China Medical University Shenyang China
| | - Yong Cui
- Department of Anesthesiology the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang China
| | - Yapeng Hou
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine College of Basic Medical Science China Medical University Shenyang China
| | - Hongguang Nie
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine College of Basic Medical Science China Medical University Shenyang China
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Niazi V, Hussen BM, Omrani MD, Taheri M, Basiri A. The Emerging Role of Exosomes in the Treatment of Human Disorders With a Special Focus on Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Derived Exosomes. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:653296. [PMID: 34307345 PMCID: PMC8293617 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.653296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are produced by diverse eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. They have prominent roles in the modulation of cell-cell communication, inflammation versus immunomodulation, carcinogenic processes, cell proliferation and differentiation, and tissue regeneration. These acellular vesicles are more promising than cellular methods because of the lower risk of tumor formation, autoimmune responses and toxic effects compared with cell therapy. Moreover, the small size and lower complexity of these vesicles compared with cells have made their production and storage easier than cellular methods. Exosomes originated from mesenchymal stem cells has also been introduced as therapeutic option for a number of human diseases. The current review aims at summarization of the role of EVs in the regenerative medicine with a focus on their therapeutic impacts in liver fibrosis, lung disorders, osteoarthritis, colitis, myocardial injury, spinal cord injury and retinal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Niazi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Mir Davood Omrani
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Basiri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Callahan V, Hawks S, Crawford MA, Lehman CW, Morrison HA, Ivester HM, Akhrymuk I, Boghdeh N, Flor R, Finkielstein CV, Allen IC, Weger-Lucarelli J, Duggal N, Hughes MA, Kehn-Hall K. The Pro-Inflammatory Chemokines CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11 Are Upregulated Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection in an AKT-Dependent Manner. Viruses 2021; 13:1062. [PMID: 34205098 PMCID: PMC8226769 DOI: 10.3390/v13061062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a highly transmissible RNA virus that is the causative agent of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Patients with severe COVID-19 may develop acute lung injury (ALI) or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and require mechanical ventilation. Key features of SARS-CoV-2 induced pulmonary complications include an overexpression of pro-inflammatory chemokines and cytokines that contribute to a 'cytokine storm.' In the current study an inflammatory state in Calu-3 human lung epithelial cells was characterized in which significantly elevated transcripts of the immunostimulatory chemokines CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 were present. Additionally, an increase in gene expression of the cytokines IL-6, TNFα, and IFN-γ was observed. The transcription of CXCL9, CXCL10, IL-6, and IFN-γ was also induced in the lungs of human transgenic angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) mice infected with SARS-CoV-2. To elucidate cell signaling pathways responsible for chemokine upregulation in SARS-CoV-2 infected cells, small molecule inhibitors targeting key signaling kinases were used. The induction of CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 gene expression in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection was markedly reduced by treatment with the AKT inhibitor GSK690693. Samples from COVID-19 positive individuals also displayed marked increases in CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 transcripts as well as transcripts in the AKT pathway. The current study elucidates potential pathway specific targets for reducing the induction of chemokines that may be contributing to SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis via hyperinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Callahan
- National Center for Biodefense and Infectious Diseases, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA; (V.C.); (N.B.); (R.F.)
| | - Seth Hawks
- Department of Biomedical Science and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA; (S.H.); (C.W.L.); (H.A.M.); (I.A.); (I.C.A.); (J.W.-L.); (N.D.)
| | - Matthew A. Crawford
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; (M.A.C.); (M.A.H.)
| | - Caitlin W. Lehman
- Department of Biomedical Science and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA; (S.H.); (C.W.L.); (H.A.M.); (I.A.); (I.C.A.); (J.W.-L.); (N.D.)
| | - Holly A. Morrison
- Department of Biomedical Science and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA; (S.H.); (C.W.L.); (H.A.M.); (I.A.); (I.C.A.); (J.W.-L.); (N.D.)
| | - Hannah M. Ivester
- Graduate Program in Translational Biology, Medicine and Health, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Roanoke, VA 24061, USA;
| | - Ivan Akhrymuk
- Department of Biomedical Science and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA; (S.H.); (C.W.L.); (H.A.M.); (I.A.); (I.C.A.); (J.W.-L.); (N.D.)
| | - Niloufar Boghdeh
- National Center for Biodefense and Infectious Diseases, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA; (V.C.); (N.B.); (R.F.)
| | - Rafaela Flor
- National Center for Biodefense and Infectious Diseases, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA; (V.C.); (N.B.); (R.F.)
| | - Carla V. Finkielstein
- Integrated Cellular Responses Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences and Center for Drug Discovery, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA;
| | - Irving Coy Allen
- Department of Biomedical Science and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA; (S.H.); (C.W.L.); (H.A.M.); (I.A.); (I.C.A.); (J.W.-L.); (N.D.)
- Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24016, USA
- Center for Zoonotic and Arthropod-borne Pathogens, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
| | - James Weger-Lucarelli
- Department of Biomedical Science and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA; (S.H.); (C.W.L.); (H.A.M.); (I.A.); (I.C.A.); (J.W.-L.); (N.D.)
- Center for Zoonotic and Arthropod-borne Pathogens, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
| | - Nisha Duggal
- Department of Biomedical Science and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA; (S.H.); (C.W.L.); (H.A.M.); (I.A.); (I.C.A.); (J.W.-L.); (N.D.)
- Center for Zoonotic and Arthropod-borne Pathogens, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
| | - Molly A. Hughes
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; (M.A.C.); (M.A.H.)
| | - Kylene Kehn-Hall
- National Center for Biodefense and Infectious Diseases, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA; (V.C.); (N.B.); (R.F.)
- Department of Biomedical Science and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA; (S.H.); (C.W.L.); (H.A.M.); (I.A.); (I.C.A.); (J.W.-L.); (N.D.)
- Center for Zoonotic and Arthropod-borne Pathogens, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
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Monjezi M, Jamaati H, Noorbakhsh F. Attenuation of ventilator-induced lung injury through suppressing the pro-inflammatory signaling pathways: A review on preclinical studies. Mol Immunol 2021; 135:127-136. [PMID: 33895577 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2021.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Mechanical ventilation (MV) is a relatively common medical intervention in ICU patients. The main side effect of MV is the so-called "ventilator-induced lung injury" (VILI). The pathogenesis of VILI is not completely understood; however, it has been reported that MV might be associated with up-regulation of various inflammatory mediators within the lung tissue and that these mediators might act as pathogenic factors in lung tissue injury. One potential mechanism for the generation of inflammatory mediators is through the release of endogenous molecules known as damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). These molecules are released from injured tissues and can bind to pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). PRR activation generally leads to the production and release of inflammation-related molecules including innate immune cytokines and chemokines. It has been suggested that blocking DAMP/PRR signaling pathways might diminish the progression of VILI. Herein, we review the latest findings with regard to the effects of DAMP/PRRs and their blockade, as well as the potential therapeutic targets and future research directions in VILI. Results of studies performed on human samples, animal models of disease, as well as relevant in vitro systems will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojdeh Monjezi
- Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center (CRDRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Jamaati
- Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center (CRDRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Farshid Noorbakhsh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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He K, Han S, An L, Zhang J. Inhibition of MicroRNA-214 Alleviates Lung Injury and Inflammation via Increasing FGFR1 Expression in Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury. Lung 2021; 199:63-72. [PMID: 33389067 DOI: 10.1007/s00408-020-00415-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) is an additional inflammatory injury caused by mechanical ventilation (MV). This study aimed to determine the effects of microRNA-214 (miR-214) on VILI and its underlying mechanism of action. METHODS To develop a VILI mouse model, mice were subjected to MV. The expression of miR-214 was detected by qRT-PCR. The macrophages, fibroblasts, epithelial cells, and endothelial cells were isolated from lung tissues by fluorescence-activated cell sorting. The histopathological changes of lung, lung wet/dry weight (W/D) ratio, and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity were used to evaluate the degree of lung injury. The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed to determine the interactions between miR-214 and FGFR1. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of FGFR1, p-AKT, and p-PI3K. RESULTS The expression of miR-214 was increased in lung tissues and macrophages, fibroblasts, epithelial cells, and endothelial cells isolated from lung tissues in VILI mice. MiR-214 inhibition decreased the histopathological changes of lung, lung W/D ratio, MPO activity, and pro-inflammatory cytokines levels in BALF in VILI mice. FGFR1 was targeted by miR-214. The protein expression of FGFR1 was decreased in VILI mice. Ponatinib (FGFR1 inhibitor) reversed the suppressive effects of miR-214 inhibition on lung injury and inflammation of VILI mice. MiR-214 increased the activity of PI3K/AKT pathway by regulating FGFR1. CONCLUSIONS Inhibition of miR-214 attenuated lung injury and inflammation in VILI mice by increasing FGFR1 expression, providing a novel therapeutic target for VILI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun He
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, No. 206, Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China
| | - Shuang Han
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hebei General Hospital, No. 348, Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, China
| | - Li An
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, No. 206, Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China.
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, No. 206, Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China
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Improvement of Impaired Motor Functions by Human Dental Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth Stem Cell-Derived Factors in a Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21113807. [PMID: 32471263 PMCID: PMC7312764 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21113807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a long-term degenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that primarily affects the motor system. So far there is no effective treatment for PD, only some drugs, surgery, and comprehensive treatment can alleviate the symptoms of PD. Stem cells derived from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED), mesenchymal stem cells derived from dental pulp, may have promising potential in regenerative medicine. In this study, we examine the therapeutic effect of SHED-derived conditioned medium (SHED-CM) in a rotenone-induced PD rat model. Intravenous administration of SHED-CM generated by standardized procedures significantly improved the PD symptoms accompanied with increased tyrosine hydroxylase amounts in the striatum, and decreased α-synuclein levels in both the nigra and striatum, from rotenone-treated rats. In addition, this SHED-CM treatment decreased both Iba-1 and CD4 levels in these brain areas. Gene ontology analysis indicated that the biological process of genes affected by SHED-CM was primarily implicated in neurodevelopment and nerve regeneration. The major constituents of SHED-CM included insulin-like growth factor binding protein-6 (IGFBP-6), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-2, TIMP-1, and transforming growth factor 1 (TGF-1). RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) revealed that these factors may ameliorate PD symptoms through modulating the cholinergic synapses, calcium signaling pathways, serotoninergic synapses, and axon guidance. In conclusion, our data indicate that SHED-CM contains active constituents that may have promising efficacy to alleviate PD.
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10
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Xu B, Chen SS, Liu MZ, Gan CX, Li JQ, Guo GH. Stem cell derived exosomes-based therapy for acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome: A novel therapeutic strategy. Life Sci 2020; 254:117766. [PMID: 32418895 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common critical disease which can be caused by multiple pathological factors in clinic. However, feasible and effective treatment strategies of ALI/ARDS are limited. At present, the beneficial effect of stem cells (SCs)-based therapeutic strategies for ALI/ARDS can be attributed to paracrine. Exosomes, as a paracrine product, are regarded as a critical regulatory mediator. Furthermore, substantial evidence has indicated that exosomes from SCs can transmit bioactive components including genetic material and protein to the recipient cells and provide a protective effect. The protective role is played through a series of process including inflammation modulation, the reconstruction of alveolar epithelium and endothelium, and pulmonary fibrosis prevention. Therefore, SCs derived exosomes have the potential to be used for therapeutic strategies for ALI/ARDS. In this review, we discuss the present understanding of SCs derived exosomes related to ALI/ARDS and provide insights for developing a cell-free strategy for treating ALI/ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xu
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Si-Si Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Ming-Zhuo Liu
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Chun-Xia Gan
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Jia-Qi Li
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Guang-Hua Guo
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China.
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11
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Ren R, Ruan Z, Ding H, Du J, Yu W. Phosphoproteome profiling provides insight into the mechanisms of ventilator-induced lung injury. Exp Ther Med 2020; 19:3627-3633. [PMID: 32346427 PMCID: PMC7185165 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common health problem in the clinic and is projected to increase in prevalence in the future. Mechanical ventilation is commonly used to provide respiratory support and has become indispensable in emergency and critical medicine. However, ventilator use can result in lung tissue damage, collectively termed ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). In the present study, phosphoprotein profiling of blood and tissue samples from ventilated and non-ventilated mice was performed and key changes in protein levels and cell signaling during VILI were identified. Activation of the PI3K/AKT and mitogen activated protein kinase signaling pathways, in addition to changes in expression of cancer, inflammatory and cell-death related proteins were detected in response to mechanical ventilation. Focal adhesion-related protein levels and signaling pathways were also significantly altered in an injury model compared with control. VILI can affect patient mortality in ALI and ARDS cases, and no targeted treatment options currently exist. Identifying biomarkers and understanding the signaling pathways associated with VILI is critical for the development of future therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Ren
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, P.R. China.,Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xin Hua Hospital School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Zhengshang Ruan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xin Hua Hospital School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Haoshu Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xin Hua Hospital School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Junming Du
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xin Hua Hospital School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Weifeng Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, P.R. China
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12
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Liu A, Zhang X, He H, Zhou L, Naito Y, Sugita S, Lee JW. Therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem/stromal cell-derived secretome and vesicles for lung injury and disease. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2019; 20:125-140. [PMID: 31701782 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2020.1689954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: The acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a devastating clinical condition common in patients with respiratory failure. Based largely on numerous preclinical studies and recent Phase I/II clinical trials, administration of stem cells, specifically mesenchymal stem or stromal cells (MSC), as a therapeutic for acute lung injury (ALI) holds great promise. However, concern for the use of stem cells, specifically the risk of iatrogenic tumor formation, remains unresolved. Accumulating evidence now suggest that stem cell-derived conditioned medium (CM) and/or extracellular vesicles (EV) might constitute compelling alternatives.Areas covered: The current review focuses on the preclinical studies testing MSC CM and/or EV as treatment for ALI and other inflammatory lung diseases.Expert opinion: Clinical application of MSC or their secreted CM may be limited by the cost of growing enough cells, the logistic of MSC storage, and the lack of standardization of what constitutes MSC CM. However, the clinical application of MSC EV remains promising, primarily due to the ability of EV to maintain the functional phenotype of the parent cell as a therapeutic. However, utilization of MSC EV will also require large-scale production, the cost of which may be prohibitive unless the potency of the EV can be increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Airan Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiwen Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongli He
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Li Zhou
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yoshifumi Naito
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Shinji Sugita
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jae-Woo Lee
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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13
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Sun Z, Li L, Qu J, Li H, Chen H. Proteomic analysis of therapeutic effects of Qingyi pellet on rodent severe acute pancreatitis-associated lung injury. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 118:109300. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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14
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Gu J, Wang Y, Cui Z, Li H, Li S, Yang X, Yan X, Ding C, Tang S, Chen J. The Construction of Retinal Pigment Epithelium Sheets with Enhanced Characteristics and Cilium Assembly Using iPS Conditioned Medium and Small Incision Lenticule Extraction Derived Lenticules. Acta Biomater 2019; 92:115-131. [PMID: 31075513 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
In vitro generation of a functional retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) monolayer sheet is useful and promising for RPE cell therapy. Here, for the first time, we used induced pluripotent stem (iPS) supernatant as the conditioned medium (iPS-CM) and femtosecond laser intrastromal lenticule (FLI-lenticule) as a scaffold to construct an engineered RPE sheet. There are significant enhancements in RPE cell density, transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) and inhibitions of ultraviolet C (UVC)-irradiated apoptosis when RPE cells are cultured in iPS supernatant/Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM)-F12 of 1/2 (iPS-CM) compared with those in normal medium (NM, DMEM-F12). Using the assay of a panel of cytokines, combined with transcriptome and protein analyses, we discover that iPS-CM contains high levels of platelet-derived growth factor AA (PDGF-AA), insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP)-2, transforming growth factor (TGF)-α and IGFBP-6, which are responsible for the upregulation of gene and protein markers with RPE phenotypes and downregulation of gene and protein markers with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotypes for RPE cells in iPS-CM when compared to those in NM. Moreover, compared to cultures on tissue culture plates (TCP), RPE cells on FLI-lenticule display more microvilli and cilium in accordance with the results in terms of RNA-Seq data, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) expression, immunofluorescence staining, and western blot assays. Furthermore, acellular FLI-lenticule exhibits biocompatibility after rabbit subretinal implantation by 30 days through electroretinography and histological examination. Thus, we determined that engineered RPE sheets treated by iPS-CM in conjunction with FLI-lenticule scaffold aid in enhanced RPE characteristics and cilium assembly. Such a strategy to construct RPE sheets is a promising avenue for developing RPE cell therapy, disease models and drug screening tools. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In vitro generation of a functional RPE monolayer sheet is useful and promising for RPE cell therapy. Here, we constructed engineered RPE sheets treated by iPS-CM in conjunction with FLI-lenticule scaffolds to help in enhanced RPE characteristics and cilium assembly. Such a strategy to generate RPE sheets is a promising avenue for developing RPE cell therapy, disease models and drug screening tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Gu
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha 410015, Hunan, PR China; Aier Eye Institute, Changsha 410015, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Yini Wang
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha 410015, Hunan, PR China; Aier Eye Institute, Changsha 410015, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Zekai Cui
- Aier Eye Institute, Changsha 410015, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Hong Li
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha 410015, Hunan, PR China
| | - Shenyang Li
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha 410015, Hunan, PR China
| | - Xu Yang
- Aier Eye Institute, Changsha 410015, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Xin Yan
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha 410015, Hunan, PR China
| | - Chengcheng Ding
- Aier Eye Institute, Changsha 410015, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Shibo Tang
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha 410015, Hunan, PR China; Aier Eye Institute, Changsha 410015, Hunan Province, PR China.
| | - Jiansu Chen
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha 410015, Hunan, PR China; Aier Eye Institute, Changsha 410015, Hunan Province, PR China; Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China; Institute of Ophthalmology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China.
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15
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Liu Q, Guo Y, Liu S, Wang P, Xue Y, Cui Z, Chen J. Characterization of the iPSC-derived conditioned medium that promotes the growth of bovine corneal endothelial cells. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6734. [PMID: 31024764 PMCID: PMC6474332 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Corneal endothelial cells (CECs) maintain corneal transparency and visual acuity. However, the limited proliferative capability of these cells in vitro has prompted researchers to find efficient culturing techniques for them. The aim of our study was to evaluate the use of conditioned medium (CM) obtained from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) as a source for the effective proliferation of bovine CECs (B-CECs). In our study, the proliferative ability of B-CECs was moderately enhanced when the cells were grown in 25% iPSC conditioned medium (iPSC-CM). Additionally, hexagonal cell morphology was maintained until passage 4, as opposed to the irregular and enlarged shape observed in control corneal endothelial medium (CEM). B-CECs in both the 25% iPSC-CM and CEM groups expressed and Na+-K+-ATPase. The gene expression levels of NIFK, Na+-K+-ATPase, Col4A and Col8A and the percentage of cells entering S and G2 phases were higher in the iPSC-CM group. The number of apoptotic cells also decreased in the iPSC-CM group. In comparison to the control cultures, iPSC-CM facilitated cell migration, and these cells showed better barrier functions after several passages. The mechanism of cell proliferation mediated by iPSC-CM was also investigated, and phosphorylation of Akt was observed in B-CECs after exposure to iPSC-CM and showed sustained phosphorylation induced for up to 180 min in iPSC-CM. Our findings indicate that iPSC-CM may employ PI3-kinase signaling in regulating cell cycle progression, which can lead to enhanced cellular proliferation. Effective component analysis of the CM showed that in the iPSC-CM group, the expression of activin-A was significantly increased. If activin-A is added as a supplement, it could help to maintain the morphology of the cells, similar to that of CM. Hence, we conclude that activin-A is one of the effective components of CM in promoting cell proliferation and maintaining cell morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Liu
- Ophthalmology Department, The People’s Hospital of Yubei District of Chongqing city, Chongqing, China
| | - Yonglong Guo
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiwei Liu
- Ophthalmology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peiyuan Wang
- Ophthalmology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunxia Xue
- Institute of Ophthalmology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Jiansu Chen
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Ophthalmology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Aier Eye Institute, Changsha, China
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16
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Guo X, Gu X, Hareshwaree S, Rong X, Li L, Chu M. Induced pluripotent stem cell-conditional medium inhibits H9C2 cardiomyocytes apoptosis via autophagy flux and Wnt/β-catenin pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:4358-4374. [PMID: 30957422 PMCID: PMC6533467 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived conditioned medium (iPS‐CM) could improve cell viability in many types of cells and may be a better alternative for the treatment of myocardial infarction. This study aimed to examine the influence of iPS‐CM on anti‐apoptosis and the proliferation of H9C2 cardiomyocytes and investigate the underlying mechanisms. H9C2 cardiomyocytes were exposed to 200 μmol/L hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for 24 hours with or without pre‐treatment with iPS‐CM. The ratio of apoptotic cells, the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (△Ψm) and the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species were analysed by flow cytometric analysis. The expression levels of BCL‐2 and BAX proteins were analysed by Western blot. Cell proliferation was assessed using cell cycle and EdU staining assays. To study cell senescence, senescence‐associated β‐galactosidase (SA‐β‐gal) staining was conducted. The levels of malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase and glutathione were also quantified using commercially available enzymatic kits. The results showed that iPS‐CM containing basic fibroblast growth factor significantly reduced H2O2‐induced H9C2 cardiomyocyte apoptosis by activating the autophagy flux pathway, promoted cardiomyocyte proliferation by up‐regulating the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway and inhibited oxidative stress and cell senescence. In conclusion, iPS‐CM effectively enhanced the cell viability of H9C2 cardiomyocytes and could potentially be used to inhibit cardiomyocytes apoptosis to treat myocardial infarction in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Guo
- Center of Scientific Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaohong Gu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Sohun Hareshwaree
- Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xing Rong
- Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lei Li
- Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Maoping Chu
- Center of Scientific Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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17
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Liu YY, Li LF. Ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction in critical illness. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2018; 243:1329-1337. [PMID: 30453774 DOI: 10.1177/1535370218811950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT Mechanical ventilation (MV) is life-saving for patients with acute respiratory failure but also causes difficult liberation of patients from ventilator due to rapid decrease of diaphragm muscle endurance and strength, which is termed ventilator-induced diaphragmatic damage (VIDD). Numerous studies have revealed that VIDD could increase extubation failure, ICU stay, ICU mortality, and healthcare expenditures. However, the mechanisms of VIDD, potentially involving a multistep process including muscle atrophy, oxidative loads, structural damage, and muscle fiber remodeling, are not fully elucidated. Further research is necessary to unravel mechanistic framework for understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying VIDD, especially mitochondrial dysfunction and increased mitochondrial oxidative stress, and develop better MV strategies, rehabilitative programs, and pharmacologic agents to translate this knowledge into clinical benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Yang Liu
- 1 Chest Department, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan.,2 Institutes of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Li-Fu Li
- 3 Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.,4 Department of Respiratory Therapy, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
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18
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Chen G, Chen X, Niu C, Huang X, An N, Sun J, Huang S, Ye W, Li S, Shen Y, Liang J, Cong W, Jin L. Baicalin alleviates hyperglycemia-induced endothelial impairment 1 via Nrf2. J Endocrinol 2018; 240:JOE-18-0457.R1. [PMID: 30400057 DOI: 10.1530/joe-18-0457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Baicalin is the major component found in Scutellaria baicalensis root, a widely used herb in traditional Chinese medicine, which exhibits strong anti-inflammatory, anti-viral and anti-tumor activities. The present work was devoted to elucidate the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the protective effects of Baicalin against diabetes-induced oxidative damage, inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. Diabetic mice, induced by streptozotocin (STZ), were treated with intraperitoneal Baicalin injections. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured either in normal glucose (NG, 5.5 mM) or high glucose (HG, 33 mM) medium in the presence or absence of Baicalin for 72 h. We observed an obvious inhibition of hyperglycemia-triggered oxidative damage and inflammation in HUVECs and diabetic aortal vasculature by Baicalin, along with restoration of hyperglycemia-impaired nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) pathway activity. However, the protective effects of Baicalin almost completely abolished in HUVECs transduced with shRNA against Nrf2, but not with nonsense shRNA. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that HG decreased Akt and GSK3B phosphorylation, restrained nuclear export of Fyn and nuclear localization of Nrf2, blunted Nrf2 downstream target genes, and subsequently induced oxidative stress in HUVECs. However, those destructive cascade, were well prevented by Baicalin in HUVECs. Furthermore, LY294002 and ML385 (inhibitor of PI3K and Nrf2) attenuated Baicalin mediated Nrf2 activation and the ability of facilitates angiogenesis in vivo and ex vivo. Taken together, the endothelial protective effect of Baicalin under hyperglycemia condition could be partly attributed to its role in downregulating reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammation via the Akt/GSK3B/Fyn-mediated Nrf2 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gen Chen
- G Chen, School of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, P.R. China, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiangjuan Chen
- X Chen, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chao Niu
- C Niu, Department of pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaozhong Huang
- X Huang, Department of pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ning An
- N An, School of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, P.R. China, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jia Sun
- J Sun, School of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, P.R. China, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shuai Huang
- S Huang, School of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, P.R. China, Wenzhou, China
| | - Weijian Ye
- W Ye, Department of pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China, Wenzhou, China
| | - Santie Li
- S Li, School of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, P.R. China, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yingjie Shen
- Y Shen, School of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, P.R. China, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiaojiao Liang
- J Liang, School of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, P.R. China, Wenzhou, China
| | - Weitao Cong
- W Cong, School of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, P.R. China, Wenzhou, China
| | - Litai Jin
- L Jin, School of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, P.R. China, Wenzhou, China
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19
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Systemic delivery of mesenchymal stem cells condition media in repeated doses acts as magic bullets in restoring IFN-γ/IL-4 balance in asthmatic rats. Life Sci 2018; 212:30-36. [PMID: 30268855 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.09.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Revised: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
AIMS With respect to recent advantage in stem cell application, given the concern reported previously after stem cell transplantation, mesenchymal stem cell-derived conditioned media (MSC-CM) could be a potential approach to guarantee more safety and efficient outcomes than the current stem cell-based regenerative therapies. MAIN METHODS Male rats were assigned into four experimental groups (n = 6); healthy rats (C group), OVA sensitized rats (S group), OVA sensitized rats received a single dose of 50 μl CM intravenously (S group + SD-CM) and OVA sensitized rats received repeated doses of 50 μl CM intravenously (S group + RD-CM). Two weeks post-allergen challenge, the therapeutic effects of systemic administrated CM in single and repeated dosages were investigated by monitoring the transcription of T-bet, GATA-3, IL-4 and IFN-γ genes along with pathological changes in asthmatic lung tissue. IL-4 and IFN-γ levels and IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio were further evaluated in sera. KEY FINDINGS Our data revealed that the systemic introduction of CM in repeated dosages could significantly reduce pathological injures in OVA-sensitized rats by the modulation of expression of T-bet and GATA-3 in lung tissues and interleukins levels (p < 0.001 to p < 0.05). In contrary, CM in single dosage did not yield any beneficial effect. SIGNIFICANCE Overall, we indicated that systemic administration of CM in repeated dosages, but not in single dose, could be strategic approach in amelioration of asthmatic changes, presumably by the regulating the differentiation of naive CD4 T cells into Th1/Th2 effector cells via modulation of T-bet and GATA-3 expression in OVA-sensitized male rats.
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20
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Guo X, Chen Y, Hong T, Chen X, Duan Y, Li C, Ge R. Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived conditional medium promotes Leydig cell anti-apoptosis and proliferation via autophagy and Wnt/β-catenin pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:3614-3626. [PMID: 29667777 PMCID: PMC6010900 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Leydig cell transplantation is a better alternative in the treatment of androgen-deficient males. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived conditioned medium (iPS-CM) on the anti-apoptosis, proliferation and function of immature Leydig cells (ILCs), and illuminate the underlying mechanisms. ILCs were exposed to 200 μmol/L hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) for 24 hours with or without iPS-CM treatments. Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometric analysis. Cell proliferation was assessed using cell cycle assays and EdU staining. The steroidogenic enzyme expressions were quantified with Western blotting. The results showed that iPS-CM significantly reduced H2 O2 -induced ILC apoptosis through down-regulation of autophagic and apoptotic proteins LC3-I/II, Beclin-1, P62, P53 and BAX as well as up-regulation of BCL-2, which could be inhibited by LY294002 (25 μmol/L). iPS-CM could also promote ILC proliferation through up-regulation of β-catenin and its target proteins cyclin D1, c-Myc and survivin, but was inhibited by XAV939 (10 μmol/L). The level of bFGF in iPS-CM was higher than that of DMEM-LG. Exogenous bFGF (20 ng/mL) or Wnt signalling agonist lithium chloride (LiCl) (20 mmol/L) added into DMEM-LG could achieve the similar effects of iPS-CM. Meanwhile, iPS-CM could improve the medium testosterone levels and up-regulation of LHCGR, SCARB1, STAR, CYP11A1, HSD3B1, CYP17A1, HSD17B3 and SF-1 in H2 O2 -induced ILCs. In conclusion, iPS-CM could reduce H2 O2 -induced ILC apoptosis through the activation of autophagy, promote proliferation through up-regulation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway and enhance testosterone production through increasing steroidogenic enzyme expressions, which might be used in regenerative medicine for future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Guo
- Center of Scientific ResearchThe Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of AnesthesiologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Tingting Hong
- Center of Scientific ResearchThe Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Xianwu Chen
- Center of Scientific ResearchThe Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Yue Duan
- Center of Scientific ResearchThe Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Chao Li
- Center of Scientific ResearchThe Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Renshan Ge
- Center of Scientific ResearchThe Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiangChina
- Department of AnesthesiologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiangChina
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21
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Gazdhar A, Ravikumar P, Pastor J, Heller M, Ye J, Zhang J, Moe OW, Geiser T, Hsia CCW. Alpha-Klotho Enrichment in Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Secretome Contributes to Antioxidative Protection in Acute Lung Injury. Stem Cells 2017; 36:616-625. [PMID: 29226550 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have been reported to alleviate organ injury, although the mechanisms of action remain unclear and administration of intact cells faces many limitations. We hypothesized that cell-free conditioned media (CM) containing the secretome of iPSCs possess antioxidative constituents that can alleviate pulmonary oxidant stress damage. We derived iPSCs from human dermal fibroblasts and harvested the CM. Addition of iPSC CM to cultured human alveolar type-1 epithelial cells mitigated hyperoxia-induced depletion of endogenous total antioxidant capacity while tracheal instillation of iPSC CM into adult rat lungs enhanced hyperoxia-induced increase in TAC. In both the in vitro and in vivo models, iPSC CM ameliorated oxidative damage to DNA, lipid, and protein, and activated the nuclear factor (erythroid 2)-related factor 2 (Nrf2) network of endogenous antioxidant proteins. Compared with control fibroblast-conditioned or cell-free media, iPSC CM is highly enriched with αKlotho at a concentration up to more than 10-fold of that in normal serum. αKlotho is an essential antioxidative cell maintenance and protective factor and an activator of the Nrf2 network. Immunodepletion of αKlotho reduced iPSC CM-mediated cytoprotection by ∼50%. Thus, the abundant αKlotho content significantly contributes to iPSC-mediated antioxidation and cytoprotection. Results uncover a major mechanism of iPSC action, suggest a fundamental role of αKlotho in iPSC maintenance, and support the translational potential of airway delivery of cell-free iPSC secretome for protection against lung injury. The targeted cell-free secretome-based approach may also be applicable to the amelioration of injury in other organs. Stem Cells 2018;36:616-625.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amiq Gazdhar
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Priya Ravikumar
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.,Charles and Jane Pak Center of Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Johanne Pastor
- Charles and Jane Pak Center of Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Manfred Heller
- Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jianfeng Ye
- Charles and Jane Pak Center of Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Jianning Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.,Charles and Jane Pak Center of Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Orson W Moe
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.,Charles and Jane Pak Center of Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.,Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Thomas Geiser
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Connie C W Hsia
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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22
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Shafa M, Ionescu LI, Vadivel A, Collins JJP, Xu L, Zhong S, Kang M, de Caen G, Daneshmand M, Shi J, Fu KZ, Qi A, Wang Y, Ellis J, Stanford WL, Thébaud B. Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived lung progenitor and alveolar epithelial cells attenuate hyperoxia-induced lung injury. Cytotherapy 2017; 20:108-125. [PMID: 29056548 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Revised: 09/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a chronic lung disease characterized by disrupted lung growth, is the most common complication in extreme premature infants. BPD leads to persistent pulmonary disease later in life. Alveolar epithelial type 2 cells (AEC2s), a subset of which represent distal lung progenitor cells (LPCs), promote normal lung growth and repair. AEC2 depletion may contribute to persistent lung injury in BPD. We hypothesized that induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived AECs prevent lung damage in experimental oxygen-induced BPD. METHODS Mouse AECs (mAECs), miPSCs/mouse embryonic stem sells, human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells (hUCMSCs), human (h)iPSCs, hiPSC-derived LPCs and hiPSC-derived AECs were delivered intratracheally to hyperoxia-exposed newborn mice. Cells were pre-labeled with a red fluorescent dye for in vivo tracking. RESULTS Airway delivery of primary mAECs and undifferentiated murine pluripotent cells prevented hyperoxia-induced impairment in lung function and alveolar growth in neonatal mice. Similar to hUCMSC therapy, undifferentiated hiPSCs also preserved lung function and alveolar growth in hyperoxia-exposed neonatal NOD/SCID mice. Long-term assessment of hiPSC administration revealed local teratoma formation and cellular infiltration in various organs. To develop a clinically relevant cell therapy, we used a highly efficient method to differentiate hiPSCs into a homogenous population of AEC2s. Airway delivery of hiPSC-derived AEC2s and hiPSC-derived LPCs, improved lung function and structure and resulted in long-term engraftment without evidence of tumor formation. CONCLUSIONS hiPSC-derived AEC2 therapy appears effective and safe in this model and warrants further exploration as a therapeutic option for BPD and other lung diseases characterized by AEC injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Shafa
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | | | - Arul Vadivel
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Jennifer J P Collins
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Liqun Xu
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Shumei Zhong
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Martin Kang
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Geneviève de Caen
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Manijeh Daneshmand
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada
| | - Jenny Shi
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Katherine Z Fu
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Andrew Qi
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Ying Wang
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - James Ellis
- Program in Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - William L Stanford
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Bernard Thébaud
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada; Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Canada.
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23
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Beckers PAJ, Gielis JF, Van Schil PE, Adriaensen D. Lung ischemia reperfusion injury: the therapeutic role of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibition. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2017; 5:129. [PMID: 28462209 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2017.01.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) is a cell surface protease that has been reported to play a role in glucose homeostasis, cancer, HIV, autoimmunity, immunology and inflammation. A role for DPP4 in ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in the heart has been established. Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibition (DPP4i) appeared to decrease infarct size, improves cardiac function and promotes myocardial regeneration. Lung ischemia reperfusion injury is caused by a complex mechanism in which macrophages and neutrophils play an important role. Generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), uncoupling of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), activation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate metabolism, and generation of pro-inflammatory cytokines lead to acute lung injury (ALI). In this review we present the current knowledge on DPP4 as a target to treat IRI in the lung. We also provide evidence of the roles of the DPP4 substrates glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α) in protection against oxidative stress through activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) 1/2 and phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signal transduction pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A J Beckers
- Antwerp Surgical Training, Anatomy & Research Center, Department of Medicine, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Jan F Gielis
- Antwerp Surgical Training, Anatomy & Research Center, Department of Medicine, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Paul E Van Schil
- Antwerp Surgical Training, Anatomy & Research Center, Department of Medicine, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Dirk Adriaensen
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
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24
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-conditioned Medium Suppressed Melanoma Tumorigenicity Through the Enhancement of Natural-Killer Cellular Immunity. J Immunother 2016; 39:153-9. [PMID: 27023059 DOI: 10.1097/cji.0000000000000117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can secrete cytokines that are involved in T-cell development and affect cytotoxic activity. To assess the effect of iPSC-conditioned medium on tumorigenicity, we retrieved splenocytes from B6 mice and cocultured them with or without irradiated B16 melanoma cells, mouse interleukin-2 (mIL-2), or iPSC-conditioned medium. Splenocyte cytotoxicity assays against B16 melanoma cells [as cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity] and P815 cells [as natural killer (NK) activity] were performed. IL-10 and interferon-γ concentrations were measured. An in vivo subcutaneous B16 melanoma growth model was performed in B6 mice and treated with iPSC-conditioned medium. The lymphocyte subpopulation depletion test was performed to determine effectors against B16 melanoma cells. We found that unstimulated splenocytes had little cytotoxic activity. Without tumor cells, mIL-2 could augment iPSC-conditioned medium-treated CTL and NK activities (P<0.01). With irradiated tumor cells, mIL-2 treatment of splenocytes could not enhance CTL or NK activity, but iPSC-conditioned medium could enhance CTL and NK activity (P<0.001). Irradiated tumor cells induced mice splenocytes to secrete more IL-10, similar to mIL-2 treatment, but not iPSC-conditioned medium treatment. mIL-2 had better efficacy than conditioned medium in inducing splenocyte interferon-γ production. The CTL and NK cell depletion test showed that the immunostimulating effect of iPSC-conditioned medium on splenocytes was through the enhancement of NK cellular activity (P<0.05). The subcutaneous melanoma growth model showed that B16-bearing mice treated with an iPSC-conditioned medium intraperitoneal injection had a decreased tumor growth rate (P<0.01). Our study suggests that iPSC-conditioned medium had a protective effect against tumor-induced immunosuppression through the enhancement of host NK cellular activity.
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25
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Zhang Y, Liu H, Yao J, Huang Y, Qin S, Sun Z, Xu Y, Wan S, Cheng H, Li C, Zhang X, Ke Y. Manipulating the air-filled zebrafish swim bladder as a neutrophilic inflammation model for acute lung injury. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2470. [PMID: 27831560 PMCID: PMC5260887 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2016] [Revised: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) and its more severe form, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), are life-threatening diseases that are associated with high mortality rates due to treatment limitations. Neutrophils play key roles in the pathogenesis of ALI/ARDS by promoting the inflammation and injury of the alveolar microenvironment. To date, in vivo functional approaches have been limited by the inaccessibility to the alveolar sacs, which are located at the anatomical terminal of the respiratory duct in mammals. We are the first to characterize the swim bladder of the zebrafish larva, which is similar to the mammalian lung, as a real-time in vivo model for examining pulmonary neutrophil infiltration during ALI. We observed that the delivery of exogenous materials, including lipopolysaccharide (LPS), Poly IC and silica nanoparticles, by microinjection triggered significant time- and dose-dependent neutrophil recruitment into the swim bladder. Neutrophils infiltrated the LPS-injected swim bladder through the blood capillaries around the pneumatic duct or a site near the pronephric duct. An increase in the post-LPS inflammatory cytokine mRNA levels coincided with the in vivo neutrophil aggregation in the swim bladder. Microscopic examinations of the LPS-injected swim bladders further revealed in situ injuries, including epithelial distortion, endoplasmic reticulum swelling and mitochondrial injuries. Inhibitor screening assays with this model showed a reduction in neutrophil migration into the LPS-injected swim bladder in response to Shp2 inhibition. Moreover, the pharmacological suppression and targeted disruption of Shp2 in myeloid cells alleviated pulmonary inflammation in the LPS-induced ALI mouse model. Additionally, we used this model to assess pneumonia-induced neutrophil recruitment by microinjecting bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from patients into swim bladders; this injection enhanced neutrophil aggregation relative to the control. In conclusion, our findings highlight the swim bladder as a promising and powerful model for mechanistic and drug screening studies of alveolar injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuefei Zhang
- Research Center of Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Program in Molecular Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Hongcui Liu
- Hunter Biotechnology Corporation, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Junlin Yao
- Research Center of Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Program in Molecular Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yanfeng Huang
- Hunter Biotechnology Corporation, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Shenlu Qin
- Research Center of Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Program in Molecular Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Zheng Sun
- Research Center of Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Program in Molecular Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yingchun Xu
- Department of Pulmonology, Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Shu Wan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The 1st Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Hongqiang Cheng
- Research Center of Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Program in Molecular Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Chunqi Li
- Hunter Biotechnology Corporation, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Research Center of Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Program in Molecular Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Yuehai Ke
- Research Center of Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Program in Molecular Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China
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26
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Li LF, Chang YL, Chen NH, Wang CY, Chang GJ, Lin MC, Chang CH, Huang CC, Chuang JH, Yang YP, Chiou SH, Liu YY. Inhibition of Src and forkhead box O1 signaling by induced pluripotent stem-cell therapy attenuates hyperoxia-augmented ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction. Transl Res 2016; 173:131-147.e1. [PMID: 27055225 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2016.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Revised: 03/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Mechanical ventilation (MV) with hyperoxia is required for providing life support to patients with acute lung injury (ALI). However, MV may cause diaphragm weakness through muscle injury and atrophy, an effect termed ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction (VIDD). Src protein tyrosine kinase and class O of forkhead box 1 (FoxO1) mediate acute inflammatory responses and muscle protein degradation induced by oxidative stress. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have been reported to improve hyperoxia-augmented ALI; however, the mechanisms regulating the interactions among VIDD, hyperoxia, and iPSCs are unclear. In this study, we hypothesized that iPSC therapy can ameliorate hyperoxia-augmented VIDD by suppressing the Src-FoxO1 pathway. Male C57BL/6 mice, either wild-type or Src-deficient, aged between 6 and 8 weeks were exposed to MV (6 or 10 mL/kg) with or without hyperoxia for 2-8 h after the administration of 5 × 10(7) cells/kg Oct4/Sox2/Parp1 mouse iPSCs or iPSC-derived conditioned medium (iPSC-CM). Nonventilated mice were used as controls. MV during hyperoxia aggravated VIDD, as demonstrated by the increases in Src activation, FoxO1 dephosphorylation, malondialdehyde, caspase-3, atrogin-1 and muscle ring finger-1 production, microtubule-associated protein light chain 3-II, disorganized myofibrils, disrupted mitochondria, autophagy, and myonuclear apoptosis; however, MV with hyperoxia reduced mitochondrial cytochrome C, diaphragm muscle fiber size, and contractility (P < 0.05). Hyperoxia-exacerbated VIDD was attenuated in Src-deficient mice and by iPSCs and iPSC-CM (P < 0.05). Our data indicate that iPSC therapy attenuates MV-induced diaphragmatic injury that occurs during hyperoxia-augmented VIDD by inhibiting the Src-FoxO1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Fu Li
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Respiratory Therapy, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Lih Chang
- Department of Medical Research & Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ning-Hung Chen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Respiratory Therapy, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ying Wang
- Department of Medical Research & Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Gwo-Jyh Chang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Chih Lin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hao Chang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Chi Huang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Respiratory Therapy, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Hua Chuang
- Department of Medical Research & Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Pin Yang
- Department of Medical Research & Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hwa Chiou
- Department of Medical Research & Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Yang Liu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Chest Department, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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27
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Yang C, Jiang J, Yang X, Wang H, Du J. Stem/progenitor cells in endogenous repairing responses: new toolbox for the treatment of acute lung injury. J Transl Med 2016; 14:47. [PMID: 26865361 PMCID: PMC4750219 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-016-0804-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The repair of organs and tissues has stepped into a prospective era of regenerative medicine. However, basic research and clinical practice in the lung regeneration remains crawling. Owing to the complicated three dimensional structures and above 40 types of pulmonary cells, the regeneration of lung tissues becomes a great challenge. Compelling evidence has showed that distinct populations of intrapulmonary and extrapulmonary stem/progenitor cells can regenerate epithelia as well as endothelia in various parts of the respiratory tract. Recently, the discovery of human lung stem cells and their relevant studies has opened the door of hope again, which might put us on the path to repair our injured body parts, lungs on demand. Herein, we emphasized the role of endogenous and exogenous stem/progenitor cells in lungs as well as artificial tissue repair for the injured lungs, which constitute a marvelous toolbox for the treatment of acute lung injury. Finally, we further discussed the potential problems in the pulmonary remodeling and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ce Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Changjiang Zhilu, Daping, 400042, Chongqing, China.
| | - Jianxin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Changjiang Zhilu, Daping, 400042, Chongqing, China.
| | - Xuetao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Changjiang Zhilu, Daping, 400042, Chongqing, China.
| | - Haiyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Changjiang Zhilu, Daping, 400042, Chongqing, China.
| | - Juan Du
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Changjiang Zhilu, Daping, 400042, Chongqing, China.
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28
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Effects of induced pluripotent stem cells-derived conditioned medium on the proliferation and anti-apoptosis of human adipose-derived stem cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2016; 413:69-85. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-015-2640-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Abstract
Paraquat (PQ) is a widely used herbicide associated with a high mortality rate, yet, there are no effective treatments for PQ poisoning. PQ may damage alveolar type II cells leading to moderate to severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The present study was undertaken to show that PQ causes alveolar type II (A549) cell death and to evaluate whether chloroquine (CQ) can protect A549 cells against PQ-induced cell death. The results showed that high concentrations of PQ resulted in toxicity, as indicated by a decrease in cell viability. More importantly, for the first time, CQ was found to improve cell viability of PQ treated A549 cells. Moreover, our data demonstrated that CQ increased lysosome-associated membrane protein-1, lysosome-associated membrane protein-2 and light chain-3 expressions, suggesting that the mechanism by which CQ rescues PQ-induced cytotoxicity may be through protection of the lysosomal membrane or up-regulation of autophagy. In conclusion, our study indicates that CQ may be used as a potential drug to rescue PQ-induced ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingjie Xu
- a Department of Emergency Medicine , Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , China and
| | - Zhong Wang
- b Beijing Tsinghua Hospital, Tsinghua University , Beijing , China
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30
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Tarng DC, Tseng WC, Lee PY, Chiou SH, Hsieh SL. Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Conditioned Medium Attenuates Acute Kidney Injury by Downregulating the Oxidative Stress-Related Pathway in Ischemia-Reperfusion Rats. Cell Transplant 2015; 25:517-30. [PMID: 26132529 DOI: 10.3727/096368915x688542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Teratoma-like formation addresses a critical safety concern for the potential utility of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Therefore, therapy utilizing iPSC-derived conditioned medium (iPSC-CM) for acute kidney injury (AKI) has attracted substantial interest. A recent study showed that iPSC-CM effectively alleviated ventilator-induced lung injury in rats. It prompts us to assess the therapeutic effects of iPSC-CM on ischemic AKI. First, we assessed the changes in renal function and tubular cell apoptosis by intraperitoneal administration of iPSC-CM to ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) rats. Second, we explored the oxidative stress-related pathway in the apoptosis of renal tubular cells subjected to hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R). Administration of iPSC-CM significantly improved renal function and protected tubular cells against apoptosis in rats with I/R-AKI, and the optimal effect was observed at the 50-fold concentrated iPSC-CM. iPSC-CM also mitigated the H/R-induced apoptosis of NRK-52E cells in vitro. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was augmented in kidneys following I/R and in NRK-52E cells subjected to H/R. Meanwhile, expressions of phosphorylated p38 MAPK, TNF-α, and cleaved caspase 3 and NF-κB activity were consistently increased in vivo and in vitro. Following administration of iPSC-CM, ROS production was abolished, and inflammatory cytokine expression was significantly suppressed. Annexin V-propidium iodide flow cytometry and in situ TUNEL assay further showed that iPSC-CM markedly attenuated H/R- or I/R-induced tubular cell apoptosis. Intriguingly, treatment with iPSC-CM significantly improved the survival of rats with I/R-induced AKI. iPSC-CM represents a favorable source of stem cell-based therapy and may serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for kidney repair in ischemic AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Der-Cherng Tarng
- Department and Institute of Physiology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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31
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Reddy NM, Potteti HR, Vegiraju S, Chen HJ, Tamatam CM, Reddy SP. PI3K-AKT Signaling via Nrf2 Protects against Hyperoxia-Induced Acute Lung Injury, but Promotes Inflammation Post-Injury Independent of Nrf2 in Mice. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129676. [PMID: 26075390 PMCID: PMC4467869 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung epithelial and endothelial cell death accompanied by inflammation contributes to hyperoxia-induced acute lung injury (ALI). Impaired resolution of ALI can promote and/or perpetuate lung pathogenesis, including fibrosis. Previously, we have shown that the transcription factor Nrf2 induces cytoprotective gene expression and confers protection against hyperoxic lung injury, and that Nrf2-mediated signaling is also crucial for the restoration of lung homeostasis post-injury. Although we have reported that PI3K/AKT signaling is required for Nrf2 activation in lung epithelial cells, significance of the PI3K/AKT-Nrf2 crosstalk during hyperoxic lung injury and repair remains unclear. Thus, we evaluated this aspect using Nrf2 knockout (Nrf2–/–) and wild-type (Nrf2+/+) mouse models. Here, we show that pharmacologic inhibition of PI3K/AKT signaling increased lung inflammation and alveolar permeability in Nrf2+/+ mice, accompanied by decreased expression of Nrf2-target genes such as Nqo1 and Hmox1. PI3K/AKT inhibition dampened hyperoxia-stimulated Nqo1 and Hmox1 expression in lung epithelial cells and alveolar macrophages. Contrasting with its protective effects, PI3K/AKT inhibition suppressed lung inflammation in Nrf2+/+ mice during post-injury. In Nrf2–/– mice exposed to room-air, PI3K/AKT inhibition caused lung injury and inflammation, but it did not exaggerate hyperoxia-induced ALI. During post-injury, PI3K/AKT inhibition did not augment, but rather attenuated, lung inflammation in Nrf2–/– mice. These results suggest that PI3K/AKT-Nrf2 signaling is required to dampen hyperoxia-induced lung injury and inflammation. Paradoxically, the PI3K/AKT pathway promotes lung inflammation, independent of Nrf2, during post-injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narsa M. Reddy
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Haranatha R. Potteti
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Suryanarayana Vegiraju
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Hsin-Jou Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Chandra Mohan Tamatam
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Sekhar P. Reddy
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Guo X, Lian R, Guo Y, Liu Q, Ji Q, Chen J. bFGF and Activin A function to promote survival and proliferation of single iPS cells in conditioned half-exchange mTeSR1 medium. Hum Cell 2015; 28:122-32. [DOI: 10.1007/s13577-015-0113-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Osteogenic differentiation and gene expression profile of human dental follicle cells induced by human dental pulp cells. J Mol Histol 2014; 46:93-106. [PMID: 25520056 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-014-9604-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Dental follicle cells (DFCs) differentiate into cementoblasts or osteoblasts under appropriate triggering. However, the mechanism(s) for osteogenic differentiation of DFCs are still unclear. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of dental papilla-derived human dental pulp cells (hDPCs) on osteogenic differentiation of human DFCs (hDFCs) in vitro and in vivo and to compare gene expression in hDFCs in the presence or absence of hDPCs. To evaluate the osteogenic differentiation of hDFCs induced by hDPCs, hDFCs were cultured in osteogenic medium with or without hDPCs-conditioned medium (CM) in vitro and the cells transplanted into the subcutaneous tissue of immunodeficient mice in vivo. The hDPCs-CM enhanced alkaline phosphatase promoter activity of hDFCs in osteogenic culture. The expression of several osteoblast marker genes was increased in hDFCs treated with hDPCs-CM compared to hDFCs in normal medium. The hDFCs induced by hDPCs-CM also produced more calcified nodules than hDFCs in normal medium. In transplantation experiments, hDPCs-CM promoted the osteogenic induction and bone formation of hDFCs. Microarray analysis and quantitative real-time PCR showed that osteogenesis-related genes including WNT2, VCAN, OSR2, FOSB, and POSTN in hDFCs were significantly upregulated after induction by hDPCs-CM compared to hDFCs in normal medium. These findings indicate that hDPCs could increase the expression of osteogenic genes in hDFCs and stimulate their osteogenesis and could be a cellular resource for bone regeneration therapy when induced by hDPCs-derived factors.
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Ren Y, Deng CL, Wan WD, Zheng JH, Mao GY, Yang SL. Suppressive effects of induced pluripotent stem cell-conditioned medium on in vitro hypertrophic scarring fibroblast activation. Mol Med Rep 2014; 11:2471-6. [PMID: 25524174 PMCID: PMC4337479 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.3115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic scarring (HS) is a type of fibrosis that occurs in the skin, and is characterized by fibroblast activation and excessive collagen production. However, at present, therapeutic strategies for this condition are ineffective. Previous studies have identified that the mutual regulation of chronic inflammation, mechanical force and fibroblast activation leads to the formation of HS. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are novel bioengineered embryonic-like stem cells, initially created from mouse adult fibroblasts. The current study demonstrated that iPSC-conditioned medium (iPSC-CM) may significantly suppress hypertrophic scar fibroblast activation. It was observed that in the presence of iPSC-CM, the level of collagen I was markedly reduced and α-smooth muscle actin, a marker for myofibroblasts (activated fibroblasts that mediate mechanical force-induced HS formation), exhibited a significantly lower level of expression in human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) activated with transforming growth factor-β1. Additionally, iPSC-CM attenuated the local inflammatory cell response by blocking the adhesion of human acute monocytic leukemia cell monocytes and fibroblasts in vitro. In addition, the contractile ability of HDFs may be reduced by iPSC-CM. These observations suggest that iPSC-CM may protect against processes leading to hypertrophic scarring by attenuating fibroblast activation, blocking inflammatory cell recruitment and adhesion and reducing the contractile ability of fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Ren
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Chen-Liang Deng
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Dong Wan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Jiang-Hong Zheng
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Guang-Yu Mao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Song-Lin Yang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
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Zhang Y, Deng C, Qian J, Zhang M, Li X. Improvement of radiotherapy-induced lacrimal gland injury by induced pluripotent stem cell-derived conditioned medium via MDK and inhibition of the p38/JNK pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:18407-21. [PMID: 25314301 PMCID: PMC4227222 DOI: 10.3390/ijms151018407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Revised: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 09/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation therapy is the most widely used and effective treatment for orbital tumors, but it causes dry eye due to lacrimal gland damage. Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived conditioned medium (iPSC-CM) has been shown to rescue different types of tissue damage. The present study investigated the mechanism of the potential radioprotective effect of IPS cell-derived conditioned medium (iPSC-CM) on gamma-irradiation-induced lacrimal gland injury (RILI) in experimental mice. In this study, we found that iPSC-CM ameliorated RILI. iPSC-CM markedly decreased radiotherapy induced inflammatory processes, predominantly through suppressing p38/JNK signaling. Further signaling pathway analyses indicated that iPSC-CM could suppress Akt (Protein Kinase B, PKB) phosphorylation. High levels of midkine (MDK) were also found in iPSC-CM and could be involved in lacrimal gland regeneration by promoting cell migration and proliferation. Thus, our study indicates that inhibiting the p38/JNK pathway or increasing the MDK level might be a therapeutic target for radiation-induced lacrimal gland injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqing Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China.
| | - Chenliang Deng
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200031, China.
| | - Jiang Qian
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China.
| | - Mingui Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China.
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Prospect of stem cell conditioned medium in regenerative medicine. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:965849. [PMID: 25530971 PMCID: PMC4229962 DOI: 10.1155/2014/965849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 266] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2014] [Revised: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stem cell-derived conditioned medium has a promising prospect to be produced as pharmaceuticals for regenerative medicine. OBJECTIVE To investigate various methods to obtain stem cell-derived conditioned medium (CM) to get an insight into their prospect of application in various diseases. METHODS Systematic review using keywords "stem cell" and "conditioned medium" or "secretome" and "therapy." Data concerning treated conditions/diseases, type of cell that was cultured, medium and supplements to culture the cells, culture condition, CM processing, growth factors and other secretions that were analyzed, method of application, and outcome were noted, grouped, tabulated, and analyzed. RESULTS Most of CM using studies showed good results. However, the various CM, even when they were derived from the same kind of cells, were produced by different condition, that is, from different passage, culture medium, and culture condition. The growth factor yields of the various types of cells were available in some studies, and the cell number that was needed to produce CM for one application could be computed. CONCLUSION Various stem cell-derived conditioned media were tested on various diseases and mostly showed good results. However, standardized methods of production and validations of their use need to be conducted.
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Fang IM, Yang CH, Chiou SH, Yang CM. Induced pluripotent stem cells without c-Myc ameliorate retinal oxidative damage via paracrine effects and reduced oxidative stress in rats. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2014; 30:757-70. [PMID: 25121987 DOI: 10.1089/jop.2014.0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the efficacy and mechanisms of non-c-Myc induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) transplantation in a rat model of retinal oxidative damage. METHODS Paraquat was intravitreously injected into Sprague-Dawley rats. After non-c-Myc iPSC transplantation, retinal function was evaluated by electroretinograms (ERGs). The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was determined by lucigenin- and luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence. The expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, ciliary neurotrophic factor, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), stromal cell-derived factor (SDF)-1α, and CXCR4 was measured by immunohistochemistry and ELISA. An in vitro study using SH-SY5Y cells was performed to verify the protective effects of SDF-1α. RESULTS Transplantation of non-c-Myc iPSCs effectively promoted the recovery of the b-wave ratio in ERGs and significantly ameliorated retinal damage. Non-c-Myc iPSC transplantation decreased ROS production and increased the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase, thereby reducing retinal oxidative damage and apoptotic cells. Moreover, non-c-Myc iPSC transplantation resulted in significant upregulation of SDF-1α, followed by bFGF, accompanied by a significant improvement in the ERG. In vitro studies confirmed that treatment with SDF-1α significantly reduced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner in SH-SY5Y cells. Most transplanted cells remained in the subretinal space, with spare cells expressing neurofilament M markers at day 28. Six months after transplantation, no tumor formation was seen in animals with non-c-Myc iPSC grafts. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated the potential benefits of non-c-Myc iPSC transplantation for treating oxidative-damage-induced retinal diseases. SDF-1α and bFGF play important roles in facilitating the amelioration of retinal oxidative damage after non-c-Myc iPSC transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Mo Fang
- 1 Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei City Hospital Zhongxiao Branch , Taipei City, Taiwan
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