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Lucini Mas A, Canalis AM, Pasqualini ME, Wunderlin DA, Baroni MV. The Effects of Chia Defatted Flour as a Nutritional Supplement in C57BL/6 Mice Fed a Low-Quality Diet. Foods 2024; 13:678. [PMID: 38472791 DOI: 10.3390/foods13050678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Today, consumption of diets rich in saturated fat and fructose, associated with a variety of metabolic deregulations, has increased. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation with a residue of defatted chia seed on a diet with low nutritional quality. To do this, C57BL/6 male mice were fed with the Control (C), Low-Nutritional-Quality (LNQ), or supplemented-with-chia-defatted-flour (LNQ+C) diets. After 12 weeks, the glucose and lactate levels were determined in the serum, liver, and kidney, along with reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, antioxidant enzyme activity, reduced glutathione (GSH), and protein oxidation (AOPP). The LNQ diet increased the glucose and lactate levels (+25% and +50% approx. in the liver, with respect to the control group) and generated oxidative stress by modifying the levels of ROS and the activity of antioxidant enzymes, causing oxidative damage to proteins (+12% in the liver, with respect to the control). Chia supplementation helped to restore the glucose to control levels and modulate the endogenous antioxidant system, resulting in a decrease in protein oxidation products with no differences compared to the control group. In conclusion, supplementation with chia showed beneficial effects on the general health of mice, even when fed a low-nutritional-quality diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustin Lucini Mas
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba (ICYTAC-CONICET), SeCyT-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000GYA, Argentina
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000GYA, Argentina
| | - Alejandra Mariel Canalis
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba (ICYTAC-CONICET), SeCyT-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000GYA, Argentina
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA-CONICET), Pabellón Biología Celular, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000GYA, Argentina
- Escuela de Nutrición, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000GYA, Argentina
| | - María Eugenia Pasqualini
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA-CONICET), Pabellón Biología Celular, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000GYA, Argentina
- Instituto de Biología Celular (IBC-UNC), Cátedra de Biología Celular, Histología y Embriología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000GYA, Argentina
| | - Daniel Alberto Wunderlin
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba (ICYTAC-CONICET), SeCyT-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000GYA, Argentina
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000GYA, Argentina
| | - María Verónica Baroni
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba (ICYTAC-CONICET), SeCyT-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000GYA, Argentina
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000GYA, Argentina
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Evaluation of Rosmarinic Acid on Broiler Growth Performance, Serum Biochemistry, Liver Antioxidant Activity, and Muscle Tissue Composition. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12233313. [PMID: 36496834 PMCID: PMC9739218 DOI: 10.3390/ani12233313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with different doses of rosmarinic acid (RA) on the growth performance, serum biochemical indices, liver antioxidant activity, and muscle nutritional component of broiler chickens during 1-20 days of age. A total of 1000 1-day-old Cobb 500 white-feathered broilers were divided into five groups. Each group included four replicates and 50 birds per replicate. The control group was the basic fodder group fed with a basal diet. The experimental groups included four levels of RA (100, 200, 300, and 400 mg/kg RA added to the basal diet, respectively). The results showed that a quadratic increase in final body weight (BW) and average daily gain (ADG) and a quadratic decrease in the feed/gain (F/G) ratio were observed with increasing dietary RA levels. At 200 mg/kg RA supplementation, growth performance was significantly improved. Moreover, under this RA treatment, the highest levels of total protein and globulin were detected in the serum, the activities of total superoxide dismutase and catalase in the liver of broilers were significantly increased, and the malondialdehyde content was significantly decreased, indicating a higher antioxidant capacity of the liver when 200 mg/kg RA was added to the basal diet. The flavor of the muscle meat was improved by dietary supplementation with 200 mg/kg RA. Therefore, adding 200 mg/kg of RA to the diet could significantly improve the growth performance of broilers, improve liver antioxidant capacity, and improve muscle quality, etc. The addition of RA to broiler feed as a natural antioxidant has great prospects.
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Bezerra IDMA, Souza JAT, Sousa Júnior AD, Alves MMDM, Nascimento IMRD, Lustosa AA, Castelo Branco YNTC, Sousa LDR, Arcanjo DDR, Costa APR. Effect of fortification of extender with α-terpineol and rosemary essential oil on post-thaw ovine semsen quality. Reprod Domest Anim 2022; 57:1056-1062. [PMID: 35686394 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The goal of the present study was to assess the viability of the cryopreserved ovine (Ovis aries) semen, upon supplementation with α-terpineol and rosemary essential oil (Rosmarinus officinalis). The collection of the semen from six rams formed the pool, collected once a week during 7 weeks. The diluted semen was packed into straws (0.25 ml) and frozen in a TK 3000® device. Both α-terpineol and rosemary essential oil were added in the concentrations of 6.25, 12.5 and 25 μg/ml to the TRIS-yolk extender forming six experimental groups; the control group received only the TRIS-yolk extender. The samples were analyzed after thawing regarding motility and vigor, integrity of the plasmatic membrane, thermoresistance test (TT), mitochondrial membrane potential, acrosomal integrity and computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA). The levels of the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances were also analyzed. According to the results obtained with the addition of the concentrations of 6.25, 12.5 and 25 μg/ml of α-terpineol, significantly reduced the parameters assessed through CASA (VSL, LIN and WOB) and TT. Rosemary essential oil did not have deleterious effects on the spermatozoa and did not reduce the oxidative stress in the concentrations studied, although it presented absolute values higher than those of the control in several parameters. Alpha-terpineol in the concentrations studied was not able to reduce the oxidative stress and had toxic effect over the ovine spermatozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Antonio de Sousa Júnior
- Universidade Federal do Piaui, Campus Universitario Ministro Petrônio Portella, Teresina, Brazil
| | | | | | - Anselmo Alves Lustosa
- Universidade Federal do Piaui, Campus Universitario Ministro Petrônio Portella, Teresina, Brazil
| | | | - Leonardo da Rocha Sousa
- Universidade Federal do Piaui, Campus Universitario Ministro Petrônio Portella, Teresina, Brazil
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Romo-Pérez A, Escandón-Rivera SM, Miranda LD, Andrade-Cetto A. Phytochemical Study of Eryngium cymosum F. Delaroche and the Inhibitory Capacity of Its Main Compounds on Two Glucose-Producing Pathway Enzymes. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11070992. [PMID: 35406972 PMCID: PMC9002393 DOI: 10.3390/plants11070992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
One undescribed acylated flavonol glucoside and five known compounds were isolated from the aerial parts of Eryngium cymosum F. Delaroche, a plant that is used in traditional Mexican medicine to treat type 2 diabetes. The chemical structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated using a variety of spectroscopic techniques, including 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS). Chlorogenic acid (1), rosmarinic acid (2), caffeic acid (3), protocatechuic acid (4), kaempferol-3-O-(2,6-di-O-trans-ρ-coumaryl)-β-d-glucopyranoside (5), and the new acylated flavonol glucoside quercetin-3-O-(2,6-di-O-trans-ρ-coumaryl)-β-d-glucopyranoside (6) were isolated. This is the first report on the natural occurrence of quercetin-3-O-(2,6-di-O-trans-ρ-coumaryl)-β-D-glucopyranoside (6). In addition, according to the HPLC profile obtained for the water extract (WE), chlorogenic acid (1) and rosmarinic acid (2) were identified as the main compounds, while kaempferol-3-O-(2,6-di-O-trans-ρ-coumaryl)-β-d-glucopyranoside (5) were the main compound in the butanolic extract. We demonstrate the important role of compound 5 over the inhibition of G6Pase and FBPase. The isolated compounds may play an important role in the hypoglycemic effect of the extract and may act in a synergic way, but more experiments are needed to corroborate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Romo-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Etnofarmacología, Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, Circuito Exterior S/N, Coyoacán, C.U., Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (A.R.-P.); (S.M.E.-R.)
- Laboratorio de Síntesis Orgánica, Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, Circuito Exterior S/N, Mexico City 04510, Mexico;
| | - Sonia Marlen Escandón-Rivera
- Laboratorio de Etnofarmacología, Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, Circuito Exterior S/N, Coyoacán, C.U., Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (A.R.-P.); (S.M.E.-R.)
| | - Luis D. Miranda
- Laboratorio de Síntesis Orgánica, Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, Circuito Exterior S/N, Mexico City 04510, Mexico;
| | - Adolfo Andrade-Cetto
- Laboratorio de Etnofarmacología, Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, Circuito Exterior S/N, Coyoacán, C.U., Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (A.R.-P.); (S.M.E.-R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-55-5622-4834
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Akbari S, Sohouli MH, Ebrahimzadeh S, Ghanaei FM, Hosseini AF, Aryaeian N. Effect of rosemary leaf powder with weight loss diet on lipid profile, glycemic status, and liver enzymes in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized, double-blind clinical trial. Phytother Res 2022; 36:2186-2196. [PMID: 35318738 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Experimental and some clinical studies have shown beneficial effects of rosemary leaf on liver function and biochemical parameters. The present study aimed to examine the impact of rosemary leaf powder with a weight loss diet in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. In a randomized double-blinded clinical trial, 110 patients were randomly assigned to receive either 4 g rosemary leaf or placebo (starch) powders for 8 weeks. In addition, all participants in the study were given weight loss diet and physical activity recommendations. Compared with baseline, alanine aminotransferase (p < .001), aspartate aminotransferase (p < .001), alkaline phosphatase (p < .001), gamma glutamyltransferase (p < .001), fasting blood glucose (p < .001), fasting insulin (p < .001), insulin resistance (p < .001), total cholesterol (p = .003), triglyceride (p < .001), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p < .001), and anthropometric indices (weight, body mass index, and waist circumferences) decreased significantly in the rosemary and placebo group with weight loss. However, after 8 weeks, no significant difference between the rosemary and placebo groups was detected in the variables as mentioned above except homeostasis model assessment of β-cell dysfunction (p = .014). The findings of the current clinical trial study revealed that rosemary group did produce changes, but they were not statistically different from those produced by the diet/activity intervention alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shayan Akbari
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hassan Sohouli
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology, Research Institute Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeedeh Ebrahimzadeh
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fariborz Mansour Ghanaei
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Agha Fatemeh Hosseini
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Naheed Aryaeian
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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The Use of Bioactive Compounds in Hyperglycemia- and Amyloid Fibrils-Induced Toxicity in Type 2 Diabetes and Alzheimer’s Disease. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14020235. [PMID: 35213966 PMCID: PMC8879577 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
It has become increasingly apparent that defective insulin signaling may increase the risk for developing Alzheimer’s disease (AD), influence neurodegeneration through promotion of amyloid formation or by increasing inflammatory responses to intraneuronal β-amyloid. Recent work has demonstrated that hyperglycemia is linked to cognitive decline, with elevated levels of glucose causing oxidative stress in vulnerable tissues such as the brain. The ability of β-amyloid peptide to form β-sheet-rich aggregates and induce apoptosis has made amyloid fibrils a leading target for the development of novel pharmacotherapies used in managing and treatment of neuropathological conditions such as AD-related cognitive decline. Additionally, deposits of β-sheets folded amylin, a glucose homeostasis regulator, are also present in diabetic patients. Thus, therapeutic compounds capable of reducing intracellular protein aggregation in models of neurodegenerative disorders may prove useful in ameliorating type 2 diabetes mellitus symptoms. Furthermore, both diabetes and neurodegenerative conditions, such as AD, are characterized by chronic inflammatory responses accompanied by the presence of dysregulated inflammatory biomarkers. This review presents current evidence describing the role of various small bioactive molecules known to ameliorate amyloidosis and subsequent effects in prevention and development of diabetes and AD. It also highlights the potential efficacy of peptide–drug conjugates capable of targeting intracellular targets.
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Koprivica I, Jonić N, Diamantis D, Gajić D, Saksida T, Pejnović N, Tzakos AG, Stojanović I. Phenethyl ester of rosmarinic acid attenuates autoimmune responses during type 1 diabetes development in mice. Life Sci 2022; 288:120184. [PMID: 34838848 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a polyphenol that occurs in plants of the Lamiaceae family. Phenethyl ester of RA (PERA), a novel RA derivative, has been developed and evaluated in vivo in an animal model of type 1 diabetes (T1D). METHODS T1D was induced in male C57BL/6 mice using multiple low doses of streptozotocin (STZ) administered intraperitoneally for 5 consecutive days. Intraperitoneal administration of PERA (2.5 mg/kg bw) began from the first STZ injection and continued for 20 days. KEY FINDINGS PERA-treated mice exhibited lower incidence of T1D (monitored up to 38 days from the disease induction), and fluorescent histochemical analysis showed that their pancreatic islets expressed more insulin. PERA treatment significantly down-regulated the proportions of CD11b+ and CD11c+ myeloid cells in the immune cell infiltrates in the pancreatic islets early during T1D pathogenesis (on day 9 after T1D induction), while on day 15, PERA significantly reduced the proportions of CD11c+, CD8+, Th1 and Th17 cells. Simultaneously, it was found that the cells from the pancreatic infiltrates of PERA-treated mice produced significantly less reactive oxygen species than cells from the control group. SIGNIFICANCE These findings suggest that PERA efficiently prevented T1D development in mice. Interestingly, PERA attenuated the inflammatory process in the islets through temporally specific interference with the innate and adaptive immune response and therefore shows great promise for further clinical evaluation as a novel T1D therapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Koprivica
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Natalija Jonić
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dimitris Diamantis
- Section of Organic Chemistry & Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Dragica Gajić
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tamara Saksida
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nada Pejnović
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Andreas G Tzakos
- Section of Organic Chemistry & Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Ivana Stojanović
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
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Espinoza-Hernández F, Andrade-Cetto A, Escandón-Rivera S, Mata-Torres G, Mata R. Contribution of fasting and postprandial glucose-lowering mechanisms to the acute hypoglycemic effect of traditionally used Eryngium cymosum F.Delaroche. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 279:114339. [PMID: 34166734 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Eryngium cymosum F. Delaroche was detected as a traditional remedy against type 2 diabetes consumed by patients of Tlanchinol in the state of Hidalgo, Mexico. AIM OF THE STUDY Assessing the hypoglycemic effect and safety of the traditional extract of E. cymosum and relating it to key glucose-lowering mechanisms both in fasting and postprandial state. MATERIALS AND METHODS The aqueous extract of E. cymosum was subjected to HPLC analysis to identify its main components. Hyperglycaemic STZ-NA Wistar rats were administered with the extract to evaluate its effect on blood glucose levels and a possible dose-dependence. Afterward, it was evaluated in both pyruvate and maltose tolerance tests in STZ-NA rats to characterize its effect on gluconeogenesis and carbohydrate breakdown, two of the main mechanisms responsible for fasting and postprandial hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes patients. In addition, the inhibitory capacity of the extract was evaluated on key enzymes involved in gluconeogenesis and a-glucosidases. Moreover, insulin concentrations were measured in normoglycemic rats in both conditions to establish a link between the hypoglycaemic effect of the extract with insulin release and functioning. RESULTS Caffeic acid (1), chlorogenic acid (2), and rosmarinic acid (3) were identified as the main constituents of the aqueous extract of E. cymosum, which exerted a hypoglycaemic effect in hyperglycaemic STZ-NA rats. It has a significant antihyperglycemic effect in the pyruvate tolerance test, and it was able to reduce the postprandial hyperglycaemia in maltose tolerance tests significantly. Moreover, it effectively reduced the activity of both gluconeogenic enzymes reaching almost 100% of inhibition, while it presented a modest 32% inhibition of aglucosidases. On the other hand, the extract decreased insulin levels after its oral administration in healthy rats in both nutritional states, without affecting normoglycemia in normal curves and reducing the postprandial peak in glucose load curves. CONCLUSIONS The traditional consumed form of aerial parts of E. cymosum is safe and regulated glucose levels both in fasting and in postprandial state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Espinoza-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Etnofarmacología, Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, Circuito Exterior S/N, Delegación Coyoacán, C.P, 04510, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Adolfo Andrade-Cetto
- Laboratorio de Etnofarmacología, Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, Circuito Exterior S/N, Delegación Coyoacán, C.P, 04510, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Sonia Escandón-Rivera
- Laboratorio de Etnofarmacología, Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, Circuito Exterior S/N, Delegación Coyoacán, C.P, 04510, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Gerardo Mata-Torres
- Laboratorio de Etnofarmacología, Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, Circuito Exterior S/N, Delegación Coyoacán, C.P, 04510, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Rachel Mata
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, Circuito Exterior S/N, Delegación Coyoacán, C.P, 04510, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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Hypoglycemic Effect of Two Mexican Medicinal Plants. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10102060. [PMID: 34685869 PMCID: PMC8539009 DOI: 10.3390/plants10102060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is a worldwide prevalent disease that is due to a progressive loss of adequate β-cell insulin secretion, frequently against a background of insulin resistance. In Mexican traditional medicine, the therapeutic use of hypoglycemic plants to control the disease is a common practice among type 2 diabetic patients. In the present work, we examined the traditional use of the aerial parts of Eryngium longifolium and the rhizome of Alsophila firma, consumed by people use over the day (in fasting state) to control their blood glucose levels, therefore, we aimed to assess the acute hypoglycemic effect of both plants. First, basic phytochemical profiles of both plants were determined and, subsequently, acute toxicity tests were carried out. Then, in vivo hypoglycemic tests were performed in streptozotocin-nicotinamide (STZ-NA) induced hyperglycemic Wistar rats and finally the effect of the plants on three enzymes involved in glucose metabolism was assayed in vitro. Through HPLC-DAD chromatography, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, rosmarinic acid, isoflavones, and glycosylated flavonoids were identified in E. longifolium, while the possible presence of flavanones or dihydroflavonols was reported in A. firma. Both plants exhibited a statistically significant hypoglycemic effect, without a dose-dependent effect. Furthermore, they inhibited glucose 6-phosphatase and fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase in in vitro assays, which could be associated with the hypoglycemic effect in vivo. Thus, this study confirmed for the first time the traditional use of the aerial part of E. longifolium and the rhizome of A. firma as hypoglycemic agents in a hyperglycemic animal model. In addition, it was concluded that their ability to regulate hyperglycemia could involve the inhibition of hepatic glucose output, which mainly controls glucose levels in the fasting state.
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Moroccan antidiabetic medicinal plants: Ethnobotanical studies, phytochemical bioactive compounds, preclinical investigations, toxicological validations and clinical evidences; challenges, guidance and perspectives for future management of diabetes worldwide. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Abdel-Aty AM, Elsayed AM, Salah HA, Bassuiny RI, Mohamed SA. Egyptian chia seeds ( Salvia hispanica L.) during germination: Upgrading of phenolic profile, antioxidant, antibacterial properties and relevant enzymes activities. Food Sci Biotechnol 2021; 30:723-734. [PMID: 34123468 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-021-00902-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Little studies on chia sprouts were not deeply address the polyphenols profiles and their functional properties during long period of germination. This study aims to evaluate the impact of germination process on the phenolic profile, antioxidant and antibacterial properties and relevant enzymes activities of Egyptian chia seeds. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents of chia sprouts increased several times during ten days of germination and maximized on 7-day sprouts (6.4 and 11.5 folds, respectively). In HPLC analysis, seventeen phenolic compounds were detected on 7-day sprouts compared to fifteen in dry seeds, where two new phenolic compounds (p-coumaric acid and kaempferol) were detected. The concentrations of all the identified phenolic compounds increased several folds (1.8-27) on 7-day sprouts. The total antioxidant activity increased 10, 17, and 29 folds on 7-day sprouts using DPPH, ABTS and PMC antioxidant methods, respectively compared to the dry seeds. Both antioxidant and carbohydrate-cleaving enzymes increased in chia sprouts and correlated with their phenolic content and antioxidant activity. The phenolic content of 7-day sprouts showed a potent antibacterial activity against some human enteric pathogenic bacteria including Escherichia coli O157-H7, Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus with lower MIC values compared to the raw seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azza M Abdel-Aty
- Molecular Biology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Hala A Salah
- Molecular Biology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Roqaya I Bassuiny
- Molecular Biology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Saleh A Mohamed
- Molecular Biology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
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Impact of improving eating habits and rosmarinic acid supplementation on rat vascular and neuronal system in the metabolic syndrome model. Br J Nutr 2020; 125:757-767. [PMID: 32814604 DOI: 10.1017/s000711452000327x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Decreasing high fat and high carbohydrate intake, together with the administration of natural bioactive drugs, is assumed to have a protective effect in the prevention and amelioration of the metabolic syndrome (MetS). The aim of the study was to evaluate effects of diet improvement and/or a phenolic compound (rosmarinic acid; RA) administration (100 mg/kg per d) on metabolic as well as functional changes of vessels and hippocampus caused by the MetS-like conditions. The MetS-like conditions were induced by a high-fat-fructose diet (HFFD) in Prague hereditary hypertriacylglycerolaemic (HTG) rats. The effect of diet improvement and RA administration was studied using biochemical and functional measurements. Consumption of HFFD by HTG rats resulted in the development of conditions like the MetS. The fat and fructose restriction from the diet led to amelioration of basic indicators of metabolic state in rats fed HFFD and to amendment parameters of glucose tolerance test and reduction of the IL-1β serum levels. Moreover, aortic endothelial function was improved with an impact on blood pressure. The functional measurement of electrophysiology of the hippocampus showed that long-term potentiation of neuronal transmission course deteriorated after HFFD was improved by energy restriction. Oral administration of RA had a supporting effect not only on lipid and glucose metabolism but also on the vascular endothelium. Combination of both types of therapy induced beneficial effect on glucose tolerance and lipid peroxidation. Thus, combined improvement of diet habits and treatment with natural bioactive drugs is assumed to have protective effect in prevention and amelioration of the MetS.
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Liu X, Wang K, Zhou J, Sullivan MA, Liu Y, Gilbert RG, Deng B. Metformin and Berberine suppress glycogenolysis by inhibiting glycogen phosphorylase and stabilizing the molecular structure of glycogen in db/db mice. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 243:116435. [PMID: 32532388 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Glycogen is a branched glucose polymer involved in sustaining blood glucose homeostasis. Liver glycogen comprises α particles (up to 300 nm in diameter) made of joined β particles (∼20 nm in diameter). Glycogen α particles in a mouse model for diabetes are molecularly fragile, breaking down into smaller β particles more readily than in healthy mice. Glycogen phosphorylase (GP), a rate-limiting enzyme in glycogen degradation, is overexpressed in diabetic mice. This study shows that Metformin and Berberine, two common drugs, two common drugs used to treat diabetes, are able to revert the liver glycogen of diabetic mice to the stable structure seen in non-diabetic mice. It is also shown that these drugs reduce the GP level via the cAMP/PKA signaling pathway in diabetic livers and decrease the affinity of GP with the glycogen of db/db mice. These effects of these drugs may slow down the degradation of liver glycogen and improve glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocui Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Kaiping Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Mitchell A Sullivan
- Glycation and Diabetes Group, Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Yage Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Robert G Gilbert
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, 225009, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China; Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Bin Deng
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
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Giles-Rivas D, Estrada-Soto S, Aguilar-Guadarrama AB, Almanza-Pérez J, García-Jiménez S, Colín-Lozano B, Navarrete-Vázquez G, Villalobos-Molina R. Antidiabetic effect of Cordia morelosana, chemical and pharmacological studies. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 251:112543. [PMID: 31917279 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE CORDIA MORELOSANA: Standley (Boraginaceae) is commonly used in folk medicine for the treatment of diarrhoea, kidney inflammation, diabetes, lung pain, bronchitis, asthma, hoarseness, cough and fever. AIM Current work was conducted to develop a bio-guided isolation of antidiabetic compounds from ethanolic extract of Cordia morelosana (EECm). MATERIAL AND METHODS The phytochemical bio-guided study was conducted by successive chromatographic techniques, and isolated compounds were characterized by 1D and 2D-NMR experiments. The in vivo antihyperglycemic and antidiabetic activities of EECm (100 mg/kg), and methyl rosmarinate (MR, 50 mg/kg) were determined on normoglycemic and diabetic murine models. Additionally, the in vitro activity was conducted to determine α-glucosidase inhibitory effect, and PPARs, GLUT4 and FATP expression on 3T3-L1 cells by RT-PCR. Acute and sub-chronic toxicological studies for EECm were conducted on rats, following the OECD guidelines (No. 420 and 407). RESULTS EECm promotes significant α-glucosidase inhibition (55.6%) at 1 mg/kg respect to the control. Also, EECm (100 mg/kg) showed significant antihyperglycemic effect on oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and in non-insulin dependent type 2 diabetes (NIDD) model, had antidiabetic activity (p < 0.001) compared to controls. The bio-guided isolation allowed to obtain four known compounds described as rosmarinic acid (RA), methyl rosmarinate (MR), nicotiflorine and 1-O-methyl-scyllo-inositol. On the other hand, MR showed significant antidiabetic and anthiyperglycemic activities (p < 0.05), and overexpression of PPARγ, PPARα, GLUT-4 and FATP than control. Docking studies were conducted with PPARγ and PPARα, showing interesting binding mode profile on those targets. Finally, EECm displayed a LD50 > 2000 mg/kg and sub-chronic toxicological study reveals no toxic signs in animals tested compared to control. CONCLUSION EECm showed significant antihyperglycemic and antidiabetic actions being RA and MR the main antidiabetic metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Giles-Rivas
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Samuel Estrada-Soto
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
| | | | - Julio Almanza-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Depto. Ciencias de la Salud, D.C.B.S, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Sara García-Jiménez
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Blanca Colín-Lozano
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | | | - Rafael Villalobos-Molina
- Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Edo. de México, Mexico
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Ramalingam S, Karuppiah M, Thiruppathi M. Antihyperglycaemic potential of rosmarinic acid attenuates glycoprotein moiety in high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. ALL LIFE 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/26895293.2020.1733104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sundaram Ramalingam
- Department of Biochemistry, Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
- Central Research Laboratory, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Muthu Karuppiah
- Department of Chemistry, Manomanium Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli, India
| | - Muthusamy Thiruppathi
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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16
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Zych M, Wojnar W, Borymski S, Szałabska K, Bramora P, Kaczmarczyk-Sedlak I. Effect of Rosmarinic Acid and Sinapic Acid on Oxidative Stress Parameters in the Cardiac Tissue and Serum of Type 2 Diabetic Female Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:E579. [PMID: 31771099 PMCID: PMC6943504 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8120579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are one of the most common complications of type 2 diabetes. They are considered the leading cause of death among diabetics. One of the mechanisms underlying diabetic cardiovascular complications is oxidative stress. Many phenolic acids are regarded as antioxidants. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of rosmarinic acid (RA) and sinapic acid (SA) on oxidative stress parameters in the cardiac tissue and serum of type 2 diabetic female rats. Additionally, the effect of these compounds on glucose homeostasis and lipid profile in the serum was evaluated. Type 2 diabetes was induced with high-fat diet and streptozotocin. RA at the doses of 10 and 50 mg/kg and SA at the doses of 5 and 25 mg/kg were administrated orally for 28 days. Untreated diabetic rats exhibited unfavorable changes in glucose metabolism and lipid profile. Changes in the enzymatic and non-enzymatic markers indicated the onset of oxidative stress in these animals. The results showed that the higher doses of the tested phenolic acids-50 mg/kg of RA and 25 mg/kg of SA-revealed beneficial effects on oxidative stress in the cardiac tissue of diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Zych
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Jagiellońska 4, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland; (W.W.); (K.S.); (P.B.); (I.K.-S.)
| | - Weronika Wojnar
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Jagiellońska 4, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland; (W.W.); (K.S.); (P.B.); (I.K.-S.)
| | - Sławomir Borymski
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Jagiellońska 28, 40-032 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Szałabska
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Jagiellońska 4, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland; (W.W.); (K.S.); (P.B.); (I.K.-S.)
| | - Piotr Bramora
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Jagiellońska 4, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland; (W.W.); (K.S.); (P.B.); (I.K.-S.)
| | - Ilona Kaczmarczyk-Sedlak
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Jagiellońska 4, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland; (W.W.); (K.S.); (P.B.); (I.K.-S.)
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Bagetta D, Maruca A, Lupia A, Mesiti F, Catalano R, Romeo I, Moraca F, Ambrosio FA, Costa G, Artese A, Ortuso F, Alcaro S, Rocca R. Mediterranean products as promising source of multi-target agents in the treatment of metabolic syndrome. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 186:111903. [PMID: 31787360 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Alteration of nutritional habits play an essential role on the risk of developing Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). Several epidemiological studies have shown that assuming diets rich of foods included in the Mediterranean diet (MetDiet) pattern like, such as olive oil, nuts, fruit, fiber, vegetables, wine and grain cereals has protective effects on the different risk factors characterizing the MetS. The beneficial effects of the MetDiet in the MetS are mainly due to the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of the most abundant phytochemical components of such foods as polyphenols like resveratrol and oleuropein, allyl sulfides, ellagic acid, mono- and poly-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA and PUFA), tocopherols and flavonoids like quercetin, which have shown positive results in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), with related risk factors, like hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and obesity. In this review, we highlighted the multi-target activities of the bioactive components contained in some foods typical of the Mediterranean area like olive oil, onion, liquorice, rosemary, oregano, hazelnut, pistachio, "Melannurca" apple, red wine, hot pepper, Citrus sp. fruits, saffron and garlic, with particular focus on their impact on health outcomes in relation to MetS main key factors, such as insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), endothelial dysfunctions, inflammatory response, oxidative stress and dyslipidaemic and hypercholesterolemic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donatella Bagetta
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Annalisa Maruca
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonio Lupia
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesco Mesiti
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Raffaella Catalano
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Isabella Romeo
- Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, via Pietro Bucci, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Federica Moraca
- Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy.
| | - Francesca Alessandra Ambrosio
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Giosuè Costa
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Anna Artese
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesco Ortuso
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Stefano Alcaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Roberta Rocca
- Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, "Magna Græcia" University, Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
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18
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Farkhondeh T, Samarghandian S, Pourbagher-Shahri AM. Hypolipidemic effects of Rosmarinus officinalis L. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:14680-14688. [PMID: 30693502 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Dyslipidemia is one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Current strategies are not effective in the management of dyslipidemia. Thus, there is a necessity to find new preventative and therapeutic approaches. In recent years, herbal medicine has drawn great attention regarding the prevention and management of dyslipidemia. Rosmarinus officinalis, commonly known as rosemary, is an evergreen shrub containing several polyphenols. The plant grows in the Mediterranean and South American regions. Rosemary and its main components have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and lipid-lowering properties. The present review has focused on in vivo and in vitro studies on the hypolipidemic effects of rosemary and its main constituents as well as their functional mechanisms. Studies have described lipid-scavenging activities of rosemary through its flavonoid contents. Modulating inflammation and oxidative stress have been described as possible mechanisms by which rosemary ameliorates dyslipidemia. However, the exact mechanisms are not fully understood yet. Conducting experimental and clinical trial studies are recommended to confirm the safety and efficacy of rosemary in the prevention and management of dyslipidemia and other cardio-metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahereh Farkhondeh
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
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19
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Piwowar A, Rorbach-Dolata A, Fecka I. The Antiglycoxidative Ability of Selected Phenolic Compounds-An In Vitro Study. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24152689. [PMID: 31344905 PMCID: PMC6696369 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24152689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia and oxidative stress may be observed in different diseases as important factors connected with their development. They often occur simultaneously and are considered together as one process: Glycoxidation. This can influence the function or structure of many macromolecules, for example albumin, by changing their physiological properties. This disturbs the homeostasis of the organism, so the search for natural compounds able to inhibit the glycoxidation process is a current and important issue. The aim of this study was the examination of the antiglycoxidative capacity of 16 selected phenolic compounds, belonging to three phenolic groups, as potential therapeutic agents. Their antiglycoxidative ability, in two concentrations (2 and 20 µM), were examined by in vitro study. The inhibition of the formation of both glycoxidative products (advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs)) were assayed. Stronger antiglycoxidative action toward the formation of both AOPPs and AGEs was observed for homoprotocatechuic and ferulic acids in lower concentrations, as well as catechin, quercetin, and 8-O-methylurolithin A in higher concentrations. Homoprotocatechuic acid demonstrated the highest antiglycoxidative capacity in both examined concentrations and amongst all of them. A strong, significant correlation between the percentage of AOPPs and AGEs inhibition by compounds from all phenolic groups, in both examined concentrations, was observed. The obtained results give an insight into the antiglycoxidative potential of phenolic compounds and indicate homoprotocatechuic acid to be the most promising antiglycoxidative agent, but further biological and pharmacological studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Piwowar
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska Str. 211, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Anna Rorbach-Dolata
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska Str. 211, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Izabela Fecka
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska Str. 211A, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland
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20
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TUNÇİL YE, ÇELİK ÖF. Total phenolic contents, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of chia seeds (Salvia hispanica L.) having different coat color. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.29278/azd.593853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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21
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Zych M, Wojnar W, Dudek S, Kaczmarczyk-Sedlak I. Rosmarinic and Sinapic Acids May Increase the Content of Reduced Glutathione in the Lenses of Estrogen-Deficient Rats. Nutrients 2019; 11:E803. [PMID: 30970573 PMCID: PMC6521282 DOI: 10.3390/nu11040803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is believed to be associated with both postmenopausal disorders and cataract development. Previously, we have demonstrated that rosmarinic and sinapic acids, which are diet-derived antioxidative phenolic acids, counteracted some disorders induced by estrogen deficiency. Other studies have shown that some phenolic acids may reduce cataract development in various animal models. However, there is no data on the effect of phenolic acids on oxidative stress markers in the lenses of estrogen-deficient rats. The study aimed to investigate whether administration of rosmarinic acid and sinapic acid affects the antioxidative abilities and oxidative damage parameters in the lenses of estrogen-deficient rats. The study was conducted on three-month-old female Wistar rats. The ovariectomized rats were orally treated with rosmarinic acid at doses of 10 and 50 mg/kg or sinapic acid at doses of 5 and 25 mg/kg, for 4 weeks. The content of reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione and amyloid β1-42, as well as products of protein and lipid oxidation, were assessed. Moreover, the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and some glutathione-related enzymes in the lenses were determined. Rosmarinic and sinapic acids in both doses resulted in an increase in the GSH content and glutathione reductase activity. They also improved parameters connected with protein oxidation. Since GSH plays an important role in maintaining the lens transparency, the increase in GSH content in lenses after the use of rosmarinic and sinapic acids seems to be beneficial. Therefore, both the investigated dietary compounds may be helpful in preventing cataract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Zych
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Jagiellońska 4, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland.
| | - Weronika Wojnar
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Jagiellońska 4, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland.
| | - Sławomir Dudek
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Jagiellońska 4, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland.
| | - Ilona Kaczmarczyk-Sedlak
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Jagiellońska 4, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland.
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22
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Progress in the discovery of naturally occurring anti-diabetic drugs and in the identification of their molecular targets. Fitoterapia 2019; 134:270-289. [PMID: 30840917 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2019.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM), a chronic metabolic disease, severely affects patients' life and intensively increases risks of developing other diseases. It is estimated that 0.4 billion individuals worldwide are subjected to diabetes, especially type 2 diabetes mellitus. At present, although various synthetic drugs for diabetes such as Alogliptin and Rosiglitazone, etc. have been used to manage diabetes, some of them showed severe side effects. Given that the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus, natural occurring drugs are beneficial alternatives for diabetes therapy with low adverse effects or toxicity. Recently, more and more plant-derived extracts or compounds were evaluated to have anti-diabetic activities. Their anti-diabetic mechanisms involve certain key targets like α-glucosidase, α-amylase, DPP-4, PPAR γ, PTP1B, and GLUT4, etc. Here, we summarize the newly found anti-diabetic (type 2 diabetes mellitus) natural compounds and extracts from 2011-2017, and give the identification of their molecular targets. This review could provide references for the research of natural agents curing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
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Zhang Y, He Z, Liu X, Chen Z, Sun J, Wu Z, Yang X, Chen X, Tang Z, Wang K. Oral administration of Angelica sinensis polysaccharide protects against pancreatic islets failure in type 2 diabetic mice: Pancreatic β-cell apoptosis inhibition. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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Fonte-Faria T, Citelli M, Atella GC, Raposo HF, Zago L, de Souza T, da Silva SV, Barja-Fidalgo C. Chia oil supplementation changes body composition and activates insulin signaling cascade in skeletal muscle tissue of obese animals. Nutrition 2019; 58:167-174. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2018.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Sankaranarayanan C, Nishanthi R, Pugalendi P. Ameliorating effect of berbamine on hepatic key enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism in high-fat diet and streptozotocin induced type 2 diabetic rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 103:539-545. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.04.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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Honari N, Pouraboli I, Gharbi S. Antihyperglycemic property and insulin secreting activity of hydroalcoholic shoot extract of Thymus caramanicus Jalas: A wild predominant source of food additive in folk medicine. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.04.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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Casanova LM, Gu W, Costa SS, Jeppesen PB. Phenolic Substances from Ocimum Species Enhance Glucose-Stimulated Insulin Secretion and Modulate the Expression of Key Insulin Regulatory Genes in Mice Pancreatic Islets. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2017; 80:3267-3275. [PMID: 29192771 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.7b00699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Ocimum gratissimum and Ocimum basilicum are plants ethnopharmacologically used to treat diabetes mellitus, a life-threatening disease that affects millions of people worldwide. In order to further understand their antidiabetic potential, which has been previously demonstrated in animal models, we aimed to investigate the acute and chronic effects of major phenolic substances from both plants on insulin secretion and gene expression in pancreatic islets isolated from NMRI mice. Insulin secretion was measured after acute (1 h) and long-term (72 h) incubation of islets with one of four cinnamic acid derivatives (caftaric, caffeic, chicoric, and rosmarinic acids) or a C-glucosylated flavonoid (vicenin-2). All substances acutely enhanced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) from islets at concentrations from 10-10 to 10-6 M. They also increased GSIS after chronic incubation (10-8 M). None of them increased insulin secretion in the presence of low glucose concentration. Furthermore, these substances markedly changed the gene expression profile of key insulin regulatory genes INS1, INS2, PDX1, INSR, IRS1, and proliferative genes as well as glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2), in treated islets. Thus, they may play an important role in diabetes treatment. This is the first report on the insulin-secretory activity of caftaric acid, rosmarinic acid, and vicenin-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Marques Casanova
- Instituto de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Bloco H, Cidade Universitária, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , 21 941-902 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus University , Tage-Hansens Gade 2, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Wenqian Gu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus University , Tage-Hansens Gade 2, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Sônia Soares Costa
- Instituto de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Bloco H, Cidade Universitária, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , 21 941-902 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Per Bendix Jeppesen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus University , Tage-Hansens Gade 2, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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Alagawany M, Abd El-Hack ME, Farag MR, Gopi M, Karthik K, Malik YS, Dhama K. Rosmarinic acid: modes of action, medicinal values and health benefits. Anim Health Res Rev 2017; 18:167-176. [PMID: 29110743 DOI: 10.1017/s1466252317000081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The supplementation of livestock rations with herbs containing bioactive components, such as rosmarinic acid (RA), have shown promising results as a natural feed additive in promoting growth, productive and reproductive performance, feed utilization, fertility, anti-oxidant status and immunologic indices. Furthermore, RA reportedly reduces the risks of various animal diseases and mitigates side effects of chemical and synthetic drugs. RA is a natural polyphenol present in several Lamiaceae herbs like Perilla frutescens, and RA is becoming an integral component of animal nutrition as it counters the effect of reactive oxygen species induced in the body as a consequence of different kinds of stressors. Studies have further ascertained the capability of RA to work as an anti-microbial, immunomodulatory, anti-diabetic, anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, hepato- and renal-protectant agent, as well as to have beneficial effects during skin afflictions. Additionally, RA is favored in meat industries due to enhancing the quality of meat products by reportedly improving shelf-life and imparting desirable flavor. This review describes the beneficial applications and recent findings with RA, including its natural sources, modes of action and various useful applications in safeguarding livestock health as well as important aspects of human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Alagawany
- Poultry Department,Faculty of Agriculture,Zagazig University,Zagazig 44511,Egypt
| | | | - Mayada Ragab Farag
- Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Department,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,Zagazig University,Zagazig 44511,Egypt
| | - Marappan Gopi
- Division of Avian Physiology and Reproduction,ICAR-Central Avian Research Institute,Izatnagar-243122, Uttar Pradesh,India
| | - Kumaragurubaran Karthik
- Central University Laboratory,Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University,Chennai, Tamil Nadu,India
| | - Yashpal Singh Malik
- Division of Biological Standardization,ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute,Izatnagar,Bareilly, 243122 Uttar Pradesh,India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology,ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute,Izatnagar,Bareilly, 243122 Uttar Pradesh,India
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Characterization of phenolic compounds in chia (Salvia hispanica L.) seeds, fiber flour and oil. Food Chem 2017; 232:295-305. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Casanova LM, Espíndola-Netto JM, Tinoco LW, Sola-Penna M, Costa SS. The Use of NMR Metabolite Profiling andin vivoHypoglycemic Assay for Comparison of Unfractionated Aqueous Leaf Extracts of TwoOcimumSpecies. Chem Biodivers 2016; 13:686-94. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201500180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Livia Marques Casanova
- Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais Bioativos - LPN-Bio; Instituto de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro 21941-902 RJ Brazil
| | - Jair Machado Espíndola-Netto
- Laboratório de Enzimologia e Controle do Metabolismo - LabECoM; Faculdade de Farmácia; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro 21941-902 RJ Brazil
| | - Luzineide Wanderley Tinoco
- Laboratório Multiusuário de Análises por RMN - LAMAR; Instituto de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro 21941-902 RJ Brazil
| | - Mauro Sola-Penna
- Laboratório de Enzimologia e Controle do Metabolismo - LabECoM; Faculdade de Farmácia; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro 21941-902 RJ Brazil
| | - Sônia Soares Costa
- Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais Bioativos - LPN-Bio; Instituto de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro 21941-902 RJ Brazil
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Hassani FV, Shirani K, Hosseinzadeh H. Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) as a potential therapeutic plant in metabolic syndrome: a review. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2016; 389:931-49. [PMID: 27178264 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-016-1256-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is defined by a constellation of complex coexisting cardiometabolic risk factors such as hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, inflammation, abdominal obesity, coagulopathies, and hypertension that raise the risk of diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. Recently, there has been an increasing interest in the use of herbs and natural compounds in prevention and treatment of diseases and a large number of published articles have focused on this issue. Rosmarinus officinalis L. or rosemary (Lamiaceae) is a rich source of phenolic phytochemicals having significant anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, hypotensive, anti-atherosclerotic, anti-thrombotic, hepatoprotective, and hypocholesterolemic effects. The purpose of this review is to highlight the interesting pharmacological effects of rosemary, and its active compounds, and the related mechanisms in the management of metabolic syndrome that are documented in in vitro and in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Vahdati Hassani
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Kobra Shirani
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Hu X, Cheng D, Zhang Z. Antidiabetic activity of Helicteres angustifolia root. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2016; 54:938-44. [PMID: 26866383 PMCID: PMC11132717 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2015.1077871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2015] [Revised: 07/05/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Context The root of Helicteres angustifolia L. (Sterculiaceae) has been used as folk herbal drug to treat cancer, bacterial infections, inflammatory, and flu in China. However, there is no report on its antidiabetic activity. Objective This study evaluates the antidiabetic activity of ethanol extract from H. angustifolia root. Materials and methods The promoting effect of H. angustifolia root ethanol extract (25, 50, and 100 μg/mL) on glucose uptake was evaluated using HepG2 cell, differentiated C2C12 myotubes, and differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The antidiabetic activity of the extract was assessed in vivo using STZ-induced diabetic rats by orally administration of the extract (200 and 400 mg/kg b.w.) once per day for 28 d. Blood glucose, TG, TC, TP, HDL-C, UA, BUN, AST, ALT, insulin, and HOMA-IR were analyzed. Results The results showed that the extract increased glucose uptake in C2C12 myotubes and 3T3-L1 adipocytes with an IC50 value of 79.95 and 135.96 μg/mL, respectively. And about 12%, 19%, and 10% (p < 0.05) in HepG2 cells when compared with the control at the concentration of 25, 50, and 100 μg/mL, respectively. After 28 days' treatment with the extract, significant reduction was observed in blood glucose, HOMA-IR, TC, TG, UA, BUN, AST, and ALT levels, while the levels of TP and HDL cholesterol increased. Discussion and conclusion These results suggest that H. angustifolia root ethanol extract possess potent antidiabetic activity, which is the first report on antidiabetic activity of this plant.
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MESH Headings
- 3T3-L1 Cells
- Animals
- Cell Culture Techniques
- Cell Differentiation/drug effects
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/isolation & purification
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/toxicity
- Glucose/metabolism
- Hep G2 Cells
- Humans
- Hypoglycemic Agents/isolation & purification
- Hypoglycemic Agents/pharmacology
- Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use
- Hypoglycemic Agents/toxicity
- Malvaceae/chemistry
- Mice
- Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/cytology
- Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/drug effects
- Plant Roots/chemistry
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Toxicity Tests, Acute
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuansheng Hu
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | | | - Zhenya Zhang
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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Vinayagam R, Jayachandran M, Xu B. Antidiabetic Effects of Simple Phenolic Acids: A Comprehensive Review. Phytother Res 2015; 30:184-99. [PMID: 26634804 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2015] [Revised: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) has become a major public health threat across the globe. Current antidiabetic therapies are based on synthetic drugs that very often have side effects. It has been widely acknowledged that diet plays an important role in the management of diabetes. Phenolic acids are widely found in daily foods such as fruits, vegetables, cereals, legumes, and wine and they provide biological, medicinal, and health properties. Simple phenolic acids have been shown to increase glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis, improve glucose and lipid profiles of certain diseases (obesity, cardiovascular diseases, DM, and its complication). The current review is an attempt to list out the antidiabetic effects of simple phenolic acids from medicinal plants and botanical foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramachandran Vinayagam
- Food Science and Technology Program, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519085, China
| | - Muthukumaran Jayachandran
- Food Science and Technology Program, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519085, China
| | - Baojun Xu
- Food Science and Technology Program, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519085, China
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Govindaraj J, Sorimuthu Pillai S. Rosmarinic acid modulates the antioxidant status and protects pancreatic tissues from glucolipotoxicity mediated oxidative stress in high-fat diet: streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Mol Cell Biochem 2015; 404:143-59. [PMID: 25735949 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-015-2374-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Persistent hyperglycemia and elevated levels of free fatty acids (FFA) contribute to oxidative stress, a proximate cause for the onset and progression of diabetes and its complications. The present study was hypothesized to evaluate the anti-diabetic potential of Rosmarinic acid (RA) during high-fat diet (HFD)-streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 2 Diabetes (T2D) in wistar albino rats. Oral administration of RA (100 mg/kg b.w) significantly (p < 0.05) increased the insulin sensitivity index (ISI0,120), while the levels of blood glucose, HbA1c, advanced glycation end products (AGE), TNF-α, IL-1β, IL 6, NO, p-JNK, P38 MAPK and NF-κB were significantly reduced, with a concomitant elevation in the plasma insulin levels in diabetic rats. Furthermore, RA treatment significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the levels of triglycerides, FFA and cholesterol in serum, and reduced the levels of lipid peroxides, AOPP's and protein carbonyls in the plasma and pancreas of diabetic rats. The diminished activities of pancreatic superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and the decreased levels of plasma ceruloplasmin, vitamin C, vitamin E and reduced glutathione (GSH) in diabetic rats were also significantly (p < 0.05) recovered upon RA treatment denoting its antioxidant potential which was confirmed by Nrf-2, hemeoxyenase (HO-1) levels. Histological, ultrastructural and immunohistochemical data demonstrate that oral administration of RA protects pancreatic β-cells from oxidative niche in HFD-STZ-induced experimental diabetes. Our findings suggest that the oral treatment with RA alleviates pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and glucolipotoxicity-mediated oxidative stress during HFD-STZ-induced T2DM, perhaps through its antioxidant potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayanthy Govindaraj
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, 600 025, Tamilnadu, India
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Jayanthy G, Subramanian S. RA abrogates hepatic gluconeogenesis and insulin resistance by enhancing IRS-1 and AMPK signalling in experimental type 2 diabetes. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra04605j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
RA abrogates hyperglycemia and insulin resistance, the primary features of type 2 diabetes (T2DM).
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Jayanthy
- Department of Biochemistry
- University of Madras
- Guindy Campus
- Chennai
- India
| | - S. Subramanian
- Department of Biochemistry
- University of Madras
- Guindy Campus
- Chennai
- India
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