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Xu Z, Tian Y, Hao L. Exosomal miR‑194 from adipose‑derived stem cells impedes hypertrophic scar formation through targeting TGF‑β1. Mol Med Rep 2024; 30:216. [PMID: 39329201 PMCID: PMC11465438 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2024.13340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic scars, which result from aberrant fibrosis and disorganized collagen synthesis by skin fibroblasts, emerge due to disrupted wound healing processes. These scars present significant psychosocial and functional challenges to affected individuals. The current treatment limitations largely arise from an incomplete understanding of the underlying mechanisms of hypertrophic scar development. Recent studies, however, have shed light on the potential of exosomal non‑coding RNAs interventions to mitigate hypertrophic scar proliferation. The present study assessed the impact of exosomes derived from adipose‑derived stem cells (ADSCs‑Exos) on hypertrophic scar formation using a rabbit ear model. It employed hematoxylin and eosin staining, Masson's trichrome staining and immunohistochemical staining techniques to track scar progression. The comprehensive analysis of the present study encompassed the differential expression of non‑coding RNAs, enrichment analyses of functional pathways, protein‑protein interaction studies and micro (mi)RNA‑mRNA interaction investigations. The results revealed a marked alteration in the expression levels of long non‑coding RNAs and miRNAs following ADSCs‑Exos treatment, with little changes observed in circular RNAs. Notably, miRNA (miR)‑194 emerged as a critical regulator within the signaling pathways that govern hypertrophic scar formation. Dual‑luciferase assays indicated a significant reduction in the promoter activity of TGF‑β1 following miR‑194 overexpression. Reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR and immunoblotting assays further validated the decrease in TGF‑β1 expression in the treated samples. In addition, the treatment resulted in diminished levels of inflammatory markers IL‑1β, TNF‑α and IL‑10. In vivo evidence strongly supported the role of miR‑194 in attenuating hypertrophic scar formation through the suppression of TGF‑β1. The present study endorsed the strategic use of ADSCs‑Exos, particularly through miR‑194 modulation, as an effective strategy for reducing scar formation and lowering pro‑inflammatory and fibrotic indicators such as TGF‑β1. Therefore, the present study advocated the targeted application of ADSCs‑Exos, with an emphasis on miR‑194 modulation, as a promising approach to managing proliferative scarring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhishan Xu
- The Plastic and Cosmetic Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150000, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Tian
- The Plastic and Cosmetic Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150000, P.R. China
| | - Lijun Hao
- The Plastic and Cosmetic Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150000, P.R. China
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Zhang Y, Li X, Yu Q, Lv X, Li C, Wang L, Liu Y, Wang Q, Yang Z, Fu X, Xiao R. Using network pharmacology to discover potential drugs for hypertrophic scars. Br J Dermatol 2024; 191:592-604. [PMID: 38820210 DOI: 10.1093/bjd/ljae234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertrophic scarring is a disease of abnormal skin fibrosis caused by excessive fibroblast proliferation. Existing drugs have not achieved satisfactory therapeutic effects. OBJECTIVES To explore the molecular pathogenesis of hypertrophic scars and screen effective drugs for their treatment. METHODS Existing human hypertrophic scar RNA sequencing data were utilized to search for hypertrophic scar-related gene modules and key genes through weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Candidate compounds were screened in a compound library. Potential drugs were screened by molecular docking and verified in human hypertrophic scar fibroblasts and a mouse mechanical force hypertrophic scar model. RESULTS WGCNA showed that hypertrophic scar-associated gene modules influence focal adhesion, the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signalling pathway and other biologic pathways. Integrin β1 (ITGB1) is the hub protein. Among the candidate compounds obtained by computer virtual screening and molecular docking, crizotinib, sorafenib and SU11274 can inhibit the proliferation and migration of human hypertrophic scar fibroblasts and profibrotic gene expression. Crizotinib had the best effect on hypertrophic scar attenuation in mouse models. At the same time, mouse ITGB1 small interfering RNA can also inhibit mouse scar hyperplasia. CONCLUSIONS ITGB1 and TGF-β signalling pathways are important for hypertrophic scar formation. Crizotinib could be a potential treatment drug for hypertrophic scars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Research Center of Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of External Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xiu Li
- Research Center of Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of External Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Qian Yu
- Research Center of Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Lv
- Research Center of Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of External Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Chen Li
- Research Center of Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of External Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Lianzhao Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Qian Wang
- Research Center of Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of External Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Zhigang Yang
- Research Center of Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of External Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xin Fu
- Research Center of Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of External Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Ran Xiao
- Research Center of Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of External Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
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Huang H, Liu W, Lin J, Shu F, Xia Z, Zheng Y. Graphene Quantum Dots Reduce Hypertrophic Scar by Inducing Myofibroblasts To Be a Quiescent State. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:37530-37544. [PMID: 38989714 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c05731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Contrary to the initial belief that myofibroblasts are terminally differentiated cells, myofibroblasts have now been widely recognized as an activation state that is reversible. Therefore, strategies targeting myofibroblast to be a quiescent state may be an effective way for antihypertrophic scar therapy. Graphene quantum dots (GQDs), a novel zero-dimensional and carbon-based nanomaterial, have recently garnered significant interest in nanobiomedicine, owing to their excellent biocompatibility, tunable photoluminescence, and superior physiological stability. Although multiple nanoparticles have been used to alleviate hypertrophic scars, a GQD-based therapy has not been reported. Our in vivo studies showed that GQDs exhibited significant antiscar efficacy, with scar appearance improvement, collagen reduction and rearrangement, and inhibition of myofibroblast overproliferation. Further in vitro experiments revealed that GQDs inhibited α-SMA expression, collagen synthesis, and cell proliferation and migration, inducing myofibroblasts to become quiescent fibroblasts. Mechanistic studies have demonstrated that the effect of GQDs on myofibroblast proliferation blocked cell cycle progression by disrupting the cyclin-CDK-E2F axis. This study suggests that GQDs, which promote myofibroblast-to-fibroblast transition, could be a novel antiscar nanomedicine for the treatment of hypertrophic scars and other types of pathological fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongchao Huang
- Department of Burn Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenzhang Liu
- Department of Burn Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiezhi Lin
- Department of Burn Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Futing Shu
- Department of Burn Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaofan Xia
- Department of Burn Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
- Research Unit of Key Techniques for Treatment of Burns and Combined Burns and Trauma Injury, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongjun Zheng
- Department of Burn Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
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Xiang W, Guo Z, Zhang Y, Xu Y. The Role of Tenascin-C in Hypertrophic Scar Formation: Insights from Cell and Animal Experiments. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2024; 17:1637-1648. [PMID: 39045340 PMCID: PMC11264284 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s461760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Background Hypertrophic scars (HS) are dermal diseases characterized by excessive fibroblast proliferation and collagen deposition following burns or trauma. While Tenascin-C (TNC)'s role in promoting visceral fibrosis has been established, its impact on skin tissue fibrosis remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the effects of TNC on HS. Methods RNA sequence and IHC techniques were used to examine the upregulation of TNC gene in human hypertrophic scar tissue compared to normal tissues. Knockdown of TNC in Human skin fibroblasts (HFF-1) cells was achieved, and expression of Col1 and Col3 was evaluated using qPCR. Sirius red collagen staining assessed impact on total collagen content and ECM deposition. Effects on cell proliferation and migration were investigated through cck-8 and cell scratch experiments. Lentivirus infection was used to knock out TNC, and resulting samples were injected into ear wound of rabbits. Effects of TNC knockout on ear scar formation were measured using digital morphology, ultrasound, SEI, H&E, and Masson trichrome methods. Results Cell experiments: downregulation of TNC decreased Col1 and Col3 expression, leading to reduced collagen production and extracellular matrix deposition. It did not affect HFF-1 cell proliferation and migration. Animal experiments: TNC knockdown promoted wound healing and reduced collagen deposition in rabbit ears. Conclusion This study suggests that knocking down TNC inhibits collagen formation and extracellular matrix deposition, thereby inhibiting hypertrophic scar formation. Therefore, TNC can be considered a potential biomarker for HS formation and may offer promising treatment strategies for clinical management of hypertrophic scars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xiang
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhen Guo
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yiming Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanzhi Xu
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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Zhang QB, Huo L, Li M, Zhang R, Zhou T, Wang F, Zhou Y. Role of hypoxia-mediated pyroptosis in the development of extending knee joint contracture in rats. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:298. [PMID: 38802976 PMCID: PMC11129407 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-01890-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Joint contracture is one of the common diseases clinically, and joint capsule fibrosis is considered to be one of the most important pathological changes of joint contracture. However, the underlying mechanism of joint capsule fibrosis is still controversial. The present study aims to establish an animal model of knee extending joint contracture in rats, and to investigate the role of hypoxia-mediated pyroptosis in the progression of joint contracture using this animal model. 36 male SD rats were selected, 6 of which were not immobilized and were used as control group, while 30 rats were divided into I-1 group (immobilized for 1 week following 7 weeks of free movement), I-2 group (immobilized for 2 weeks following 6 weeks of free movement), I-4 group (immobilized for 4 weeks following 4 weeks of free movement), I-6 group (immobilized for 6 weeks following 2 weeks of free movement) and I-8 group (immobilized for 8 weeks) according to different immobilizing time. The progression of joint contracture was assessed by the measurement of knee joint range of motion, collagen deposition in joint capsule was examined with Masson staining, protein expression levels of HIF-1α, NLRP3, Caspase-1, GSDMD-N, TGF-β1, α-SMA and p-Smad3 in joint capsule were assessed using western blotting, and the morphological changes of fibroblasts were observed by transmission electron microscopy. The degree of total and arthrogenic contracture progressed from the first week and lasted until the first eight weeks after immobilization. The degree of total and arthrogenic contracture progressed rapidly in the first four weeks after immobilization and then progressed slowly. Masson staining indicated that collagen deposition in joint capsule gradually increased in the first 8 weeks following immobilization. Western blotting analysis showed that the protein levels of HIF-1α continued to increase during the first 8 weeks of immobilization, and the protein levels of pyroptosis-related proteins NLRP3, Caspase-1, GSDMD-N continued to increase in the first 4 weeks after immobilization and then decreased. The protein levels of fibrosis-related proteins TGF-β1, p-Smad3 and α-SMA continued to increase in the first 8 weeks after immobilization. Transmission electron microscopy showed that 4 weeks of immobilization induced cell membrane rupture and cell contents overflow, which further indicated the activation of pyroptosis. Knee extending joint contracture animal model can be established by external immobilization orthosis in rats, and the activation of hypoxia-mediated pyroptosis may play a stimulating role in the process of joint capsule fibrosis and joint contracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan-Bing Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.678 Furong Road, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Lei Huo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.678 Furong Road, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Mian Li
- Hefei Institute of Physical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.678 Furong Road, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Ting Zhou
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.678 Furong Road, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.678 Furong Road, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Yun Zhou
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.678 Furong Road, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China.
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Zhu B, Tong G, Gao P, Yan M. Evaluating the impact of recombinant human epidermal growth factor on scar formation in oral and maxillofacial traumatic wound healing. Int Wound J 2024; 21:e14851. [PMID: 38563121 PMCID: PMC10985544 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.14851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Scarring following oral and maxillofacial trauma can have significant aesthetic and functional repercussions. Recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rhEGF) has emerged as a potential therapeutic agent to enhance wound healing and minimise scar formation. This retrospective study analysed data from March 2020 to June 2023 at a single institution. A total of 105 patients were divided into a control group (n = 70) receiving standard treatment and an observation group (n = 35) receiving standard treatment plus rhEGF. The primary outcomes were the incidence of scar hyperplasia and infection rates, with the secondary outcome being scar aesthetics measured by the visual analogue scale (VAS). No significant differences were found in baseline characteristics between the two groups. The observation group showed a significant reduction in scar hyperplasia (14.3% vs. 57.1%, χ2 = 20.98, p < 0.01) and infection rates (5.7% vs. 21.4%, χ2 = 4.246, p < 0.05) compared to the control group. VAS scores indicated a superior aesthetic outcome in the observation group at all post-treatment timepoints (p < 0.01). rhEGF treatment in oral and maxillofacial trauma patients resulted in favourable healing outcomes and reduced scar formation, improving aesthetic results. These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of rhEGF and underscore the need for larger-scale trials to further investigate its benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhu
- Oral Diagnosis and Treatment Center, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous PrefectureEnshi CityChina
| | - Guoyong Tong
- Oral Diagnosis and Treatment Center, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous PrefectureEnshi CityChina
| | - Peiyi Gao
- Oral Diagnosis and Treatment Center, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous PrefectureEnshi CityChina
| | - Mengxiong Yan
- Oral Diagnosis and Treatment Center, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous PrefectureEnshi CityChina
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Song B, Zhu Y, Zhao Y, Wang K, Peng Y, Chen L, Yu Z, Song B. Machine learning and single-cell transcriptome profiling reveal regulation of fibroblast activation through THBS2/TGFβ1/P-Smad2/3 signalling pathway in hypertrophic scar. Int Wound J 2024; 21:e14481. [PMID: 37986676 PMCID: PMC10898374 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.14481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic scar (HS) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix, and the mechanisms underlying their formation remain poorly understood. We analysed scRNA-seq data from samples of normal skin and HS. Using the hdWGCNA method, key gene modules of fibroblasts in HS were identified. Non-negative matrix factorization was employed to perform subtype analysis of HS patients using these gene modules. Multiple machine learning algorithms were applied to screen and validate accurate gene signatures for identifying and predicting HS, and a convolutional neural network (CNN) based on deep learning was established and validated. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were performed to measure mRNA and protein expression. Immunofluorescence was used for gene localization analysis, and biological features were assessed through CCK8 and wound healing assay. Single-cell sequencing revealed distinct subpopulations of fibroblasts in HS. HdWGCNA identified key gene characteristics of this population, and pseudotime analysis was conducted to investigate gene variation during fibroblast differentiation. By employing various machine learning algorithms, the gene range was narrowed down to three key genes. A CNN was trained using the expression of these key genes and immune cell infiltration, enabling diagnosis and prediction of HS. Functional experiments demonstrated that THBS2 is associated with fibroblast proliferation and migration in HS and affects the formation and development of HS through the TGFβ1/P-Smad2/3 pathway. Our study identifies unique fibroblast subpopulations closely associated with HS and provides biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binyu Song
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Yuhan Zhu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Ying Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital)Northwest UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Yixuan Peng
- School of Basic MedicineThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Zhou Yu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Baoqiang Song
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
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Tan Y, Zhang M, Kong Y, Zhang F, Wang Y, Huang Y, Song W, Li Z, Hou L, Liang L, Guo X, Liu Q, Feng Y, Zhang C, Fu X, Huang S. Fibroblasts and endothelial cells interplay drives hypertrophic scar formation: Insights from in vitro and in vivo models. Bioeng Transl Med 2024; 9:e10630. [PMID: 38435816 PMCID: PMC10905555 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic scar formation is influenced by the intricate interplay between fibroblasts and endothelial cells. In this study, we investigated this relationship using in vitro and in vivo models. Clinical observations revealed distinct morphological changes and increased vascularity at pathological scar sites. Further analysis using OCTA, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence confirmed the involvement of angiogenesis in scar formation. Our indirect co-culture systems demonstrated that endothelial cells enhance the proliferation and migration of fibroblasts through the secretion of cytokines including VEGF, PDGF, bFGF, and TGF-β. Additionally, a suspended co-culture multicellular spheroid model revealed molecular-level changes associated with extracellular matrix remodeling, cellular behaviors, inflammatory response, and pro-angiogenic activity. Furthermore, KEGG pathway analysis identified the involvement of TGF-β, IL-17, Wnt, Notch, PI3K-Akt, and MAPK pathways in regulating fibroblasts activity. These findings underscore the critical role of fibroblasts-endothelial cells crosstalk in scar formation and provide potential targets for therapeutic intervention. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying this interplay holds promise for the development of innovative approaches to treat tissue injuries and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxin Tan
- College of GraduateTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinPR China
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research DepartmentPLA General Hospital and PLA Medical CollegeBeijingPR China
| | - Mengde Zhang
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research DepartmentPLA General Hospital and PLA Medical CollegeBeijingPR China
| | - Yi Kong
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research DepartmentPLA General Hospital and PLA Medical CollegeBeijingPR China
| | - Fanliang Zhang
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research DepartmentPLA General Hospital and PLA Medical CollegeBeijingPR China
| | - Yuzhen Wang
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research DepartmentPLA General Hospital and PLA Medical CollegeBeijingPR China
| | - Yuyan Huang
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research DepartmentPLA General Hospital and PLA Medical CollegeBeijingPR China
| | - Wei Song
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research DepartmentPLA General Hospital and PLA Medical CollegeBeijingPR China
| | - Zhao Li
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research DepartmentPLA General Hospital and PLA Medical CollegeBeijingPR China
| | - Linhao Hou
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research DepartmentPLA General Hospital and PLA Medical CollegeBeijingPR China
| | - Liting Liang
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research DepartmentPLA General Hospital and PLA Medical CollegeBeijingPR China
| | - Xu Guo
- College of GraduateTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinPR China
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research DepartmentPLA General Hospital and PLA Medical CollegeBeijingPR China
| | - Qinghua Liu
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research DepartmentPLA General Hospital and PLA Medical CollegeBeijingPR China
| | - Yu Feng
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research DepartmentPLA General Hospital and PLA Medical CollegeBeijingPR China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research DepartmentPLA General Hospital and PLA Medical CollegeBeijingPR China
| | - Xiaobing Fu
- College of GraduateTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinPR China
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research DepartmentPLA General Hospital and PLA Medical CollegeBeijingPR China
| | - Sha Huang
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research DepartmentPLA General Hospital and PLA Medical CollegeBeijingPR China
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9
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Yang Z, Yang Z, Zuo Z. Early intervention of carbon dioxide fractional laser in hypertrophic scar through TGFβ-1/ Smad3 signaling pathway. Lasers Med Sci 2024; 39:78. [PMID: 38388742 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-024-04026-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Hypertrophic scars are usually the result of surgical trauma or burn,and more common in individuals with a darker skin color. They appear as red and raised lesions around the wound that continually expand over a period of weeks or months, causing itching, pain, burning sensation and discomfort. Severe scarring affects interpersonal and social relationships, and decreases the quality of life of the patients.The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of carbon dioxide fractional laser as an early intervention against hypertrophic scars using a rabbit ear scar model, and explore the role of the TGFβ-1/ Smad3 signaling pathway in scar hyperplasia. Four wounds were made into each ear of rabbits, and divided into the untreated control and three laser-treatment groups. The experimental groups received laser intervention once, twice and thrice respectively. laser treatment significantly inhibited the formation of hypertrophic scars, and maximum benefits were seen in the wounds that received three laser treatments. Immunohistochemical staining showed that the in situ expression of TGFβ-1 and Smad3 in the scars decreased by varying degrees after laser intervention, and was most obvious after three laser interventions. Furthermore, the expression levels were the lowest at the end of 6 months after modeling. Therefore, we can assume that early intervention with carbon dioxide fractional laser can prevent formation of hypertrophic scars by regulating the TGF-β1/Smad3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zizheng Yang
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Burns, Anhui No.2 Provincial People's Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhiguo Yang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zongbao Zuo
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Burns, Anhui No.2 Provincial People's Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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10
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Fei H, Qian Y, Pan T, Wei Y, Hu Y. Curcumin alleviates hypertrophic scarring by inhibiting fibroblast activation and regulating tissue inflammation. J Cosmet Dermatol 2024; 23:227-235. [PMID: 37400988 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertrophic scar (HS) that can lead to defects in appearance and function is often characterized by uncontrolled fibroblast proliferation and excessive inflammation. Curcumin has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects and to play an anti-fibrotic role by interfering transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)/Smads signaling pathways. AIM To study the effect and mechanism of curcumin on HS from the perspective of fibroblast activity and inflammation regulation. METHODS Cell proliferation, migration and the expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) of TGF-β1-induced human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) treated by curcumin were evaluated using Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine staining, Transwell assay, Western blotting and immunofluorescence, respectively. The expression of TGF-β1/Smad3 pathway-related molecules (TGF-β1, TGFβ-R1/2, p-Smad3, Smad4) was detected by Western blotting. In a rabbit ear model, hematoxylin and eosin and Masson's staining were conducted to assess scar elevation and collagen deposition, and immunohistochemistry was performed to detect the activation of fibroblasts and infiltration of inflammatory cells. RESULTS Curcumin inhibited proliferation, migration and α-SMA expression of HDFs in a dose-dependent manner. Curcumin (25 μm mol/L) did not regulate the expression of endogenous TGF-β1, but suppressed Smad3 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation, leading to lower α-SMA expression. Curcumin also reduced hypertrophic scarring of rabbit ear, accompanied by the inhibited TGF-β1/Smad3 pathway, inflammatory infiltration and M2 macrophage polarization. CONCLUSION Curcumin plays an anti-scar role through regulating fibroblast activation and tissue inflammation. Our findings provide scientific reference for the clinical use of curcumin in the treatment of HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Fei
- Department of Pathology, Huzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Huzhou, China
| | - Yao Qian
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated to Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Jiahui Medical Beauty Clinic Co.Ltd, Huzhou, China
| | - Tianyun Pan
- Department of Pathology, Huzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Huzhou, China
| | - Ying Wei
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated to Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Yun Hu
- Department of Pathology, Huzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Huzhou, China
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11
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Won P, Cooper M, Justin Gillenwater T, Yenikomshian HA. Treatment of Hypertrophic Burn Scars With Laser Therapy: A Review of Adverse Events. Ann Plast Surg 2023; 91:715-719. [PMID: 37856225 PMCID: PMC10840736 DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000003712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Hypertrophic scarring, characterized by excessive scar tissue formation, is a debilitating outcome that significantly impairs physical and psychosocial recovery after burn injury. Hypertrophic scarring affects a substantial proportion of burn survivors, with reported prevalence as high as 70%. Fractional CO 2 laser (FCL) therapy, a therapy commonly used in acne scar treatment or skin rejuvenation, has become popular in treating hypertrophic scars. Little is known regarding FCL's adverse events for burn scar treatment. We hypothesize that FCL is a safe treatment modality with minimal adverse events in the management of hypertrophic burn scars. This is a retrospective chart review of adverse events after FCL at 2 centers within a single institution. Burn patients undergoing FCL between May 1, 2019, and June 1, 2021 were included. Demographics, injury etiology, laser treatment details, and adverse events were collected. A total of 170 patients, 77 (45.3%) males and 93 (54.7%) females, underwent 544 FCL therapies for burn scars. The average number of treatments per patient was 3 ± 2.23, with a range of 1 to 17 sessions. From the total 544 laser therapy sessions, 13 adverse events (2.4%) were reported. There were 5 reports (0.9%) of increased postprocedural pain and 1 report (0.2%) of increased paresthesia/numbness to laser site. Three instances (0.6%) of increased erythema and 4 reports (0.7%) of epidermal sloughing or blistering were reported. All but 5 patients (2.9%) reported improvements to scar symptoms. This study demonstrates minimal adverse events associated with FCL for hypertrophic burn scar treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Won
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michael Cooper
- LAC+USC Hospital, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - T. Justin Gillenwater
- Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Haig A. Yenikomshian
- Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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12
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Yang X, Guo D, Ji X, Shi C, Luo J. Engineering Nanotrap Hydrogel for Immune Modulation in Wound Healing. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2300322. [PMID: 37533180 PMCID: PMC10834856 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Imbalanced immune regulation leads to the abnormal wound healing process, e.g., chronic unhealing wound or hypertrophic scar formation. Thus, the attenuation of the overflowing inflammatory factors is a viable approach to maintain the homeostatic immune regulation to facilitate normal wound healing. A versatile telodendrimer (TD) nanotrap (NT) platform is developed for efficient biomolecular protein binding. The conjugation of TD NT in size-exclusive biocompatible hydrogel resin allows for topical application for cytokine scavenging. Fine-tuning the TD NT density/valency in hydrogel resin controls resin swelling, optimizes molecular diffusion, and improves cytokine capture for effective immune modulation. The hydrogel with reduced TD NT density allows for higher protein/cytokine adsorption capacity with faster kinetics, due to the reduced barrier of TD NT nano-assembly. The positively charged TD NT hydrogel exhibits superior removal of negatively charged proinflammatory cytokines from the lipopolysaccharide (LPS, a potent endotoxin) primed immune cell culture medium. The negatively charged TD NT hydrogel removes positively charged anti-inflammatory cytokines efficiently from cell culture medium. TD NT hydrogel effectively constrains the local inflammation induced by subcutaneous LPS injection in mice. These results indicate the great potential applications of the engineered TD NT hydrogel as topical immune modulatory treatments to attenuate local inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiguang Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Dandan Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Xiaotian Ji
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Changying Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Juntao Luo
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
- Department of Surgery, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
- Upstate Cancer Center, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
- Upstate Sepsis Interdisciplinary Research Center, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
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13
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Jia L, Guo R, Ying J, Xiong J, Jiang H. A bibliometric and visualized research on global trends of scar, 2011-2021. Burns 2023; 49:1557-1565. [PMID: 37217380 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2023.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pathological scars are the results of abnormal wound healing, which not only affect the appearance, but may also be accompanied by significant psychosocial burdens. In this study, we aimed to conduct a bibliometric and visualized analysis on pathological scars and provide directions for future research. METHODS The articles on scar research from 2011 to 2021 in the Web of Science Core Collection database were collected. The bibliometrics records were retrieved and analyzed with Excel, CiteSpace V and VOSviewer. RESULTS A total of 944 scar research records published between 2011 and 2021 were collected. Publication output has shown an upward trend as a whole. China ranked first in terms of country contributions (418 publications, 5176 citations), while Germany, with only 22 studies published, had the highest average citation rate (57.18). Shanghai Jiaotong University was the institution with the largest number of related articles published, followed by the fourth military medical university, the University of Alberta and the Second military medical university. Wound repair and regeneration, Burns, Journal of Burn Care & Research, Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology published the most research in this field. Dahai Hu was the most prolific author, while Rei Ogawa was the most cited. The cluster analysis of the reference contributions and keywords indicated that current research hotspots mainly include pathogenesis, treatment strategies, and the safety evaluation of new scar treatment options. CONCLUSION This study provides a comprehensive summary and analysis of the current status and research trends of pathological scars. International research interest in pathological scars is on the rise, and high-quality studies related to the field have also increased in the last decade. The pathogenesis of pathological scars, treatment strategies, such as fractional ablative CO2 laser and molecular targeted therapy, and the safety evaluation of new treatment options will be the focus of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Jia
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Rong Guo
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Jianghui Ying
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Jiachao Xiong
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai 200120, China.
| | - Hua Jiang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai 200120, China.
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Li M, Xia W, Khoong YM, Huang L, Huang X, Liang H, Zhao Y, Mao J, Yu H, Zan T. Smart and versatile biomaterials for cutaneous wound healing. Biomater Res 2023; 27:87. [PMID: 37717028 PMCID: PMC10504797 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-023-00426-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The global increase of cutaneous wounds imposes huge health and financial burdens on patients and society. Despite improved wound healing outcomes, conventional wound dressings are far from ideal, owing to the complex healing process. Smart wound dressings, which are sensitive to or interact with changes in wound condition or environment, have been proposed as appealing therapeutic platforms to effectively facilitate wound healing. In this review, the wound healing processes and features of existing biomaterials are firstly introduced, followed by summarizing the mechanisms of smart responsive materials. Afterwards, recent advances and designs in smart and versatile materials of extensive applications for cutaneous wound healing were submarined. Finally, clinical progresses, challenges and future perspectives of the smart wound dressing are discussed. Overall, by mapping the composition and intrinsic structure of smart responsive materials to their individual needs of cutaneous wounds, with particular attention to the responsive mechanisms, this review is promising to advance further progress in designing smart responsive materials for wounds and drive clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minxiong Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Wenzheng Xia
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Yi Min Khoong
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Lujia Huang
- Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Hsin Liang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Yun Zhao
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Jiayi Mao
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Haijun Yu
- Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Tao Zan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
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15
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Zhong Y, Zhang Y, Yu A, Zhang Z, Deng Z, Xiong K, Wang Q, Zhang J. Therapeutic role of exosomes and conditioned medium in keloid and hypertrophic scar and possible mechanisms. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1247734. [PMID: 37781228 PMCID: PMC10536244 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1247734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes, ranging from 40 to 160 nm in diameter, are extracellular lipid bilayer microvesicles that regulate the body's physiological and pathological processes and are secreted by cells that contain proteins, nucleic acids, amino acids and other metabolites. Previous studies suggested that mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes could either suppress or support keloid and hypertrophic scar progression. Although previous research has identified the potential value of MSC-exosomes in keloid and hypertrophic scar, a comprehensive analysis of different sources of MSC-exosome in keloid and hypertrophic scar is still lacking. This review mainly discusses different insights regarding the roles of MSC-exosomes in keloid and hypertrophic scar treatment and summarizes possible underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixiu Zhong
- Department of Dermatology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Youfan Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aijiao Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiwen Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenjun Deng
- Department of Dermatology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Kaifen Xiong
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianglin Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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16
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Song B, Liu W, Zhu Y, Peng Y, Cui Z, Gao B, Chen L, Yu Z, Song B. Deciphering the contributions of cuproptosis in the development of hypertrophic scar using single-cell analysis and machine learning techniques. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1207522. [PMID: 37409114 PMCID: PMC10318401 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1207522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic scar (HS) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix, but the exact mechanisms related to its formation remain unclear, making it difficult to treat. This study aimed to investigate the potential role of cuproptosis in the information of HS. To this end, we used single-cell sequencing and bulk transcriptome data, and screened for cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) using differential gene analysis and machine learning algorithms (random forest and support vector machine). Through this process, we identified a group of genes, including ATP7A, ULK1, and MTF1, as novel therapeutic targets for HS. Furthermore, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was conducted to confirm the mRNA expression of ATP7A, ULK1, and MTF1 in both HS and normal skin (NS) tissues. We also constructed a diagnostic model for HS and analyzed the immune infiltration characteristics. Additionally, we used the expression profiles of CRGs to perform subgroup analysis of HS. We focused mainly on fibroblasts in the transcriptional profile at single-cell resolution. By calculating the cuproptosis activity of each fibroblast, we found that cuproptosis activity of normal skin fibroblasts increased, providing further insights into the pathogenesis of HS. We also analyzed the cell communication network and transcription factor regulatory network activity, and found the existence of a fibroblast-centered communication regulation network in HS, where cuproptosis activity in fibroblasts affects intercellular communication. Using transcription factor regulatory activity network analysis, we obtained highly active transcription factors, and correlation analysis with CRGs suggested that CRGs may serve as potential target genes for transcription factors. Overall, our study provides new insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms of HS, which may inspire new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Lin Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhou Yu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Baoqiang Song
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
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17
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Xiong Y, Huang X, Jiao Y, Zhou C, Yu T. Synergistic effect of Mn-Si-COS on wound immune microenvironment by inhibiting excessive skin fibrosis mediated with ROS/TGF-β1/Smad7 signal. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 152:213497. [PMID: 37321008 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Excessive oxidative stress and inflammation often impede wound healing and ultimately lead to excessive skin fibrosis formation. It was known that the structural properties of biomaterials can affect the healing and immune response of surrounding tissues. In this work, a composite structure of Mn-Si-chitooligosaccharides (COS) was designed (COS@Mn-MSN) and the ability of regulating wound microenvironment for inhibiting skin fibrosis was investigated. In order to reduce the negative effects of Mn, the nano-level Mn was doped into MSN to minimize its content. The results show that Mn in COS@Mn-MSN showed significant ability of scavenging excess intracellular ROS within 1 d. The Si released from COS@Mn-MSN can shift M2 macrophage polarization in the later stage (1-3 d), showing anti-inflammatory effect. Macrophage (RAW264.7) were activated alternatively by COS released from COS@Mn-MSN, with upregulated expression of anti-inflammatory factors (IL-10 and CD206) and downregulated expression of pro-inflammatory factors (TNF-α, CD80, and IL-1β) in the whole time. The expression of fibrosis associated factor TGF-β1 and CD26 in fibroblast cells (L929) were inhibited by COS and Si. Besides, the inflammatory microenvironment mediated by COS@Mn-MSN downregulated Smad-7 gene expression and upregulated Col-1α gene expression. With the function of reducing oxidative stress (0-1 d), the TGF-β1 inhibition (1-3 d) and anti-inflammatory effects (0-3 d), COS@Mn-MSN could inhibit excessive skin fibrosis formation mediated with ROS/TGF-β1/Smad7 signal. Therefore, the prepared COS@Mn-MSN shows great potential to active scarless wound therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xiong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Artificial Organs and Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xiuhong Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Artificial Organs and Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yanpeng Jiao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Artificial Organs and Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Changren Zhou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Artificial Organs and Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Artificial Organs and Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Guandgong Provincial Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Reconstruction, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital (Heyuan Shenhe People's Hospital), Jinan University, Heyuan 517000, China.
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18
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Zhou X, Ye H, Wang X, Sun J, Tu J, Lv J. Ursolic acid inhibits human dermal fibroblasts hyperproliferation, migration, and collagen deposition induced by TGF-β via regulating the Smad2/3 pathway. Gene 2023; 867:147367. [PMID: 36931410 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Hypertrophic scar (HS) is a skin condition characterized by excessive fibrosis with disordered collagens from skin fibroblasts, which causes abnormal esthetic and even functional symptoms, thereby affecting millions of people. Ursolic acid (UA) is widely used in skincare and exerts anti-fibrotic effects. The present study aimed to delve into the impact of UA on HS and the mechanism. Fibroblasts (FBs) were incubated with TGF-β to investigate physiological characteristics compared with FBs isolated from normal skin (NSFBs) and hyperplastic scars (HSFBs). TGF-β-incubated FBs were subjected to treatment with UA (0-20 μM). The expressions of Vimentin, α-SMA, Collagen I, and Collagen III were examined using immunofluorescence, RT-qPCR, and western blot. Cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and contractility were examined by CCK-8, EdU, Annexin V-FITC/PI, Transwell, and collagen gel contraction assays, respectively. The activation of Smad2/3 signaling was also determined by western blot. The binding sites for UA of TGF-βR1 (ALK5) were predicted by the Autodock tool. Compared with NSFBs, the cell proliferation, migration, and contractility of both HSFBs and TGF-β-incubated FBs were all significantly up-regulated. UA markedly impaired the TGF-β-induced increase in cell proliferation, migration, and contractility, α-SMA, collagen I, and Collagen III expression of FBs. UA significantly inhibited the phosphorylation levels of Smad2/3 in TGF-β-incubated FBs with no influence on TGF-βR1 and TGF-βR2 expressions, which might be because of the binding of UA to the catalytic domain of ALK5 protein. UA attenuated TGF-β1-induced hyperproliferation, migration, and collagen deposition in FBs via regulating the Smad2/3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoliang Zhou
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Hua Ye
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Xianlin Wang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Junfeng Sun
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Jiajin Tu
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Jing Lv
- Department of Rheumatic and Immunity, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China.
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19
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Mony MP, Harmon KA, Hess R, Dorafshar AH, Shafikhani SH. An Updated Review of Hypertrophic Scarring. Cells 2023; 12:cells12050678. [PMID: 36899815 PMCID: PMC10000648 DOI: 10.3390/cells12050678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic scarring (HTS) is an aberrant form of wound healing that is associated with excessive deposition of extracellular matrix and connective tissue at the site of injury. In this review article, we provide an overview of normal (acute) wound healing phases (hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling). We next discuss the dysregulated and/or impaired mechanisms in wound healing phases that are associated with HTS development. We next discuss the animal models of HTS and their limitations, and review the current and emerging treatments of HTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjula P. Mony
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Kelly A. Harmon
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Ryan Hess
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Amir H. Dorafshar
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Sasha H. Shafikhani
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology and Cell Therapy, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Cancer Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Correspondence:
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20
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Čoma M, Manning JC, Kaltner H, Gál P. The sweet side of wound healing: galectins as promising therapeutic targets in hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and maturation/remodeling. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2023; 27:41-53. [PMID: 36716023 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2023.2175318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Understanding the molecular and cellular processes involved in skin wound healing may pave the way for the development of innovative approaches to transforming the identified natural effectors into therapeutic tools. Based on the extensive involvement of the ga(lactoside-binding)lectin family in (patho)physiological processes, it has been well established that galectins are involved in a wide range of cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. AREAS COVERED In the present paper, we provide an overview of the biological role of galectins in repair and regeneration, focusing on four main phases (hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and maturation/remodeling) of skin repair using basic wound models (open excision vs. sutured incision). EXPERT OPINION The reported data make a strong case for directing further efforts to treat excisional and incisional wounds differently. Functions of galectins essentially result from their modular presentation. In fact, Gal-1 seems to play a role in the early phases of healing (anti-inflammatory) and wound contraction, Gal-3 accelerates re-epithelization and increases tensile strength (scar inductor). Galectins have also become subject of redesigning by engineering to optimize the activity. Clinically relevant, these new tools derived from the carbohydrate recognition domain platform may also prove helpful for other purposes, such as potent antibacterial agglutinins and opsonins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matúš Čoma
- Department of Biomedical Research, East-Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Inc, Košice, Slovak Republic.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Joachim C Manning
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Herbert Kaltner
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Gál
- Department of Biomedical Research, East-Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Inc, Košice, Slovak Republic.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Košice, Slovak Republic.,Prague Burn Center, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Královske Vinohrady, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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21
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Hao M, Duan M, Yang Z, Zhou H, Li S, Xiang J, Wu H, Liu H, Chang L, Wang D, Liu W. Engineered stem cell exosomes for oral and maxillofacial wound healing. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1038261. [PMID: 36353739 PMCID: PMC9637828 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1038261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Wound healing of the oral and maxillofacial area affects the quality of life and mental health of the patient; therefore, effective therapies are required to promote wound healing. However, traditional treatment methods have limited efficacy. Exosomes secreted by stem cells used for oral and maxillofacial wound healing have shown outstanding results. Stem cell-derived exosomes possess the regenerative and repair ability of stem cells. Moreover, they are nontumorigenic and have good biosafety. However, the application of natural stem cell exosomes is limited owing to their low yield, impurity, lack of targeting, and low drug delivery rate. Many modification methods have been developed to engineered stem cell exosomes with beneficial properties, such as modifying parent cells and directly processing stem cell exosomes. These methods include coincubation, genetic engineering, electroporation, ultrasound, and artificial synthesis of engineered stem cell exosomes. These engineered stem cell exosomes can cargo nucleic acids, proteins, and small molecules. This gives them anti-inflammatory and cell proliferation regulatory abilities and enables the targeted promotion of efficient soft tissue repair after trauma. Engineered stem cell exosomes can decrease inflammation, promote fibroblast proliferation, and angiogenesis, and decrease scar formation to promote oral and maxillofacial wound healing, including diabetic and burn wounds. Thus, engineered stem cell exosomes are an effective treatment that has the potential for oral and maxillofacial wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Hao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - MengNa Duan
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zhijing Yang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hengzong Zhou
- Laboratory Animal Center, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shuangji Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jingcheng Xiang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Han Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Huimin Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lu Chang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dongxu Wang
- Laboratory Animal Center, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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22
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Interleukin-10-Modified Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Prevent Hypertrophic Scar Formation via Regulating the Biological Characteristics of Fibroblasts and Inflammation. Mediators Inflamm 2022; 2022:6368311. [PMID: 35774067 PMCID: PMC9239815 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6368311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic scar causes serious functional and cosmetic problem, but no treatment method is known to achieve a satisfactory therapeutic effect. However, mesenchymal stem cells show a possible cure prospect. Here, we investigated the effect of interleukin-10-modified adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (IL-10-ADMSC) on the formation of hypertrophic scar. In vitro, IL-10-ADMSC could highly express IL-10 and exhibited stronger inhibition of hypertrophic scar fibroblasts (HSFs) proliferation, migration, and extracellular matrix synthesis (the expression of collagen I, collagen III, FN, and α-SMA protein) than ADMSC. In vivo, we found that IL-10-ADMSC speeded up wound healing time and reduced scar area and scar outstanding height. Same as in vitro, IL-10-ADMSC also exhibited stronger inhibition of extracellular matrix synthesis (the expression of collagen I, collagen III protein) in wound than ADMSC. In addition, we also found that IL-10-ADMSC is also a stronger inhibitory effect on inflammation in wound than ADMSC, and IL-10-ADMSC inhibited TGF-β/Smads and NF-κB pathway. In conclusion, IL-10-ADMSC demonstrated the ability to prevent hypertrophic scar formation. And its possible molecular mechanism might be related to IL-10-ADMSC inhibiting the proliferation and migration of the synthesis of extracellular matrix of HSFs, and IL-10-ADMSC inhibited the inflammation during the wound healing.
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23
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Soliman WE, Elsewedy HS, Younis NS, Shinu P, Elsawy LE, Ramadan HA. Evaluating Antimicrobial Activity and Wound Healing Effect of Rod-Shaped Nanoparticles. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14132637. [PMID: 35808682 PMCID: PMC9269196 DOI: 10.3390/polym14132637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Presently, the nanotechnology approach has gained a great concern in the media of drug delivery. Gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) specially having a non-spherical structure, such as gold nanorods (GNR), are attracting much interest as antibacterial agent and many other medical fields. The aim of the current investigation was to characterize Au-NPs and investigate their antimicrobial and wound healing efficacy in diabetic animals. Material and methods: Au-NPs were characterized using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer, estimating their particle size, polydispersity (PDI), and assessing their morphological characters. Further, Au-NPs were estimated for their antibacterial and antifungal behavior. Ultimately, in vivo activity of Au-NPs was evaluated against excision wound healing in STZ-induced diabetic animals. Results: Au-NPs were found to show maximum absorption at 520 nm. They exhibited a particle size of 82.57 nm with a PDI value of 0.323. Additionally, they exhibited good antimicrobial activity against different bacterial strains. Topical application of Au-NPs caused a significantly increased percentage of wound area reduction, lesser time needed for epithelialization, and augmented hydroxyproline, collagen, and hexosamine levels demonstrating enhanced healing processes. Furthermore, Au-NPs displayed a significant intensification in angiogenesis-related factors (HIF-1α, TGF-β1, and VEGF), and antioxidant enzymes activities (CAT, SOD, GPx) as well as mitigated inflammatory mediators IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, and NF-κB) and lipid peroxidation (MDA). Conclusion: Au-NPs exhibited proper particle size, and rod-shaped particles, with efficient antimicrobial behavior against different bacterial strains. Furthermore, Au-NPs demonstrated a promising wound healing activity in STZ-induced diabetic animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafaa E. Soliman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Alhofuf 36362, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Mansoura 11152, Egypt; (L.E.E.); (H.A.R.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Heba S. Elsewedy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Alhofuf 36362, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia; (H.S.E.); (N.S.Y.)
| | - Nancy S. Younis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Alhofuf 36362, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia; (H.S.E.); (N.S.Y.)
| | - Pottathil Shinu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Alhofuf 36362, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Lamis E. Elsawy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Mansoura 11152, Egypt; (L.E.E.); (H.A.R.)
| | - Heba A. Ramadan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Mansoura 11152, Egypt; (L.E.E.); (H.A.R.)
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24
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Jiang K, Zhao D, Ye R, Liu X, Gao C, Guo Y, Zhang C, Zeng J, Wang S, Song J. Transdermal delivery of poly-hyaluronic acid-based spherical nucleic acids for chemogene therapy. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:1834-1846. [PMID: 35040454 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr06353g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Spherical nucleic acid (SNA), as a good gene delivery system, has a good application prospect for transdermal administration in skin disorder treatment. However, most of the traditional SNA core materials are non-degradable materials, so it is worthy of further research. Herein, we report a spherical nucleic acid based on poly-hyaluronic acid (PHA) for the co-delivery of a typical chemotherapeutic drug, doxorubicin (DOX), and an antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) against the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1 (TIMP-1) for the treatment of hypertrophic scars (HS) which are caused by abnormal fibroblast proliferation. Our study showed that PHA-based SNAs simultaneously bearing TIMP-1 ASO and DOX (termed PHAAD) could significantly promote skin penetration, improve the cellular uptake, and effectively down-regulate the TIMP-1 expression and enhance the cytotoxicity of DOX. Moreover, PHAAD nanoparticles facilitated the apoptosis of hypertrophic scar cells, and reduced the burden and progression of hypertrophic scars in a xenografted mouse model without adverse side effects. Thus, our PHA-based SNA represents a new transdermal delivery vehicle for efficient combinatorial chemo and gene therapy, which is expected to treat various skin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Jiang
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China.
| | - Di Zhao
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Ye
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xinlong Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Gao
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuanyuan Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zeng
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (ICBM), Chinese Academy of Sciences; The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi Wang
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (ICBM), Chinese Academy of Sciences; The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Song
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China.
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (ICBM), Chinese Academy of Sciences; The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, People's Republic of China
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25
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Nikonorova VG, Chrishtop VV, Rumyantseva TA. Transforming growth factor beta-1 and vascular endothelial growth factor in the recovery and formation of skin scars. RUDN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.22363/2313-0245-2021-25-3-235-242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Relevance. Scars are multi-tissue structures that significantly reduce the quality of life of the young, able-bodied population. The most socially significant variants are represented by hypertrophic and keloid postoperative scars and scars after burns, atrophic scars after acne vulgaris and striae. Growth factors, which are also used for their treatment, play a significant role in their formation and progression. The aim of this work is to summarize data on the participation of growth factors (transforming growth factor beta-1 and vascular endothelial growth factor) in the formation of a hypertrophic or atrophic scar. Materials and Methods. The study of literary sources of scientometric scientific bases was carried out. Results and Discussion . The study showed that the duration of the scarring phases preceding it is of great importance in scar formation, their prolongation leads to chronic inflammation and the attachment of an autoimmune component, an increase in the number of myofibroblasts due to inhibition of apoptosis and an increase in the synthesis of intercellular substance and immature forms of collagen, as well as thinning of the epidermis over scar. Growth factors such as growth factor beta-1 and vascular endothelial growth factor are capable of shifting the balance of these two main pathways or towards proliferative processes, contributing to an increase in the number of blood vessels in the hemomicrocirculatory bed, the number of mast cells and total cellularity, as well as, in some cases, the synthesis of keloid - that is, the formation of a hypertrophic or keloid scar. On the contrary, the prevalence of inflammatory processes leads to a decrease in cellularity, a decrease in blood vessels and intercellular substance, as well as damage to elastin and collagen fibers, forming the phenotype of an atrophic scar or striae. Conclusion. Growth factors play a key role in scar formation, contributing to an increase in the number of blood vessels in the hemomicrocirculatory bed, the number of mast cells and total cellularity, as well as, in some cases, the synthesis of keloid - that is, the formation of a hypertrophic or keloid scar.
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Liu X, Gao X, Li H, Li Z, Wang X, Zhang L, Wang B, Chen X, Meng X, Yu J. Ellagic acid exerts anti-fibrotic effects on hypertrophic scar fibroblasts via inhibition of TGF-β1/Smad2/3 pathway. APPLIED BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY 2021; 64:67. [DOI: 10.1186/s13765-021-00641-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 09/08/2024]
Abstract
AbstractHypertrophic scar (HS) is a kind of serious pathological scar with no currently effective treatment. HS fibroblasts (HSFs) are the main effector cells for HS formation. Ellagic acid (EA) exerts regulatory effects in some diseases, but its role in HS remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of EA on the fibrotic phenotypes of HSFs and to further investigate the downstream signaling mechanism. The cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was used to perform cytotoxicity and proliferation assays. HSFs migration was assessed using wound healing and transwell assays. HSFs contraction was measured by a collagen lattice contraction assay and detection of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression. The levels of mRNA and protein were determined by qPCR and western blotting, respectively. The results showed that EA inhibited the proliferation, migration, and contraction of HSFs and collagen expression in HSFs in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, EA not only suppressed the Smad2/3 pathway but also reversed TGF-β1-induced activation of the Smad2/3 pathway and up-regulation of the fibrotic cellular phenotypes in HSFs. These findings demonstrate that EA exerts anti-fibrotic effects on HSFs by blocking the TGF-β1/Smad2/3 pathway, which indicates that EA is a potential therapeutic candidate for treatment of HS.
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27
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Zhou S, Wang Q, Huang A, Fan H, Yan S, Zhang Q. Advances in Skin Wound and Scar Repair by Polymer Scaffolds. Molecules 2021; 26:6110. [PMID: 34684690 PMCID: PMC8541489 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26206110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Scars, as the result of abnormal wound-healing response after skin injury, may lead to loss of aesthetics and physical dysfunction. Current clinical strategies, such as surgical excision, laser treatment, and drug application, provide late remedies for scarring, yet it is difficult to eliminate scars. In this review, the functions, roles of multiple polymer scaffolds in wound healing and scar inhibition are explored. Polysaccharide and protein scaffolds, an analog of extracellular matrix, act as templates for cell adhesion and migration, differentiation to facilitate wound reconstruction and limit scarring. Stem cell-seeded scaffolds and growth factors-loaded scaffolds offer significant bioactive substances to improve the wound healing process. Special emphasis is placed on scaffolds that continuously release oxygen, which greatly accelerates the vascularization process and ensures graft survival, providing convincing theoretical support and great promise for scarless healing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Shuqin Yan
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China; (S.Z.); (Q.W.); (A.H.); (H.F.)
| | - Qiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China; (S.Z.); (Q.W.); (A.H.); (H.F.)
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28
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Putri KT, Prasetyono TOH. A critical review on the potential role of adipose-derived stem cells for future treatment of hypertrophic scars. J Cosmet Dermatol 2021; 21:1913-1919. [PMID: 34619011 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) have recently gained researchers' interest as a solution to various diseases and conditions, including hypertrophic scar. This literature review aims to elucidate ASCs as a potential solution to alleviate hypertrophic scar in human subjects. METHODS Literature search was done in databases which includes PubMed, MEDLINE, and ProQuest using terms 'adipose derived stem cells', 'adipose cells', 'fat graft', 'fat grafting', 'autologous fat graft', 'fat injection', 'lipofilling', 'scar management', 'scar treatment', 'burn scar', and 'wound management'. The included articles which were published during year 2000-November 2020 must describe the use of ASCs or fat grafting or lipofilling as an attempt to alleviate hypertrophic scar. REMARKS Clinically, ASCs improve hypertrophic scars in terms of scar color, elasticity, texture, thickness, and size. Histologically, ASCs promotes healthy tissue regeneration, reduction in fibroblasts, and reorganisation of collagen, resembling those of normal skin. In terms of molecular aspects, ASCs alleviates hypertrophic scars through direct differentiation and paracrine mechanisms. CONCLUSION Adipose-derived stem cells, emerge to be a potential solution for alleviating hypertrophic scar, as demonstrated in various studies. However, there has been no studies conducted in human subjects to investigate the effect of ASCs on hypertrophic scar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Teja Putri
- Undergraduate Study Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Theddeus Octavianus Hari Prasetyono
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital/Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
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29
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Sun H, Wang Y, He T, He D, Hu Y, Fu Z, Wang Y, Sun D, Wang J, Liu Y, Shu L, He L, Deng Z, Yang X. Hollow polydopamine nanoparticles loading with peptide RL-QN15: a new pro-regenerative therapeutic agent for skin wounds. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:304. [PMID: 34600530 PMCID: PMC8487533 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-01049-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the treatments of skin wounds have greatly improved with the increase in therapeutic methods and agents, available interventions still cannot meet the current clinical needs. Therefore, the development of new pro-regenerative therapies remains urgent. Owing to their unique characteristics, both nanomaterials and peptides have provided novel clues for the development of pro-regenerative agents, however, more efforts were still be awaited and anticipated. RESULTS In the current research, Hollow polydopamine (HPDA) nanoparticles were synthesized and HPDA nanoparticles loading with RL-QN15 (HPDAlR) that was an amphibian-derived peptide with obvious prohealing activities were prepared successfully. The characterization, biodistribution and clearance of both HPDA nanoparticles and HPDAlR were evaluated, the loading efficiency of HPDA against RL-QN15 and the slow-releasing rate of RL-QN15 from HPDAlR were also determined. Our results showed that both HPDA nanoparticles and HPDAlR exerted no obvious toxicity against keratinocyte, macrophage and mice, and HPDA nanoparticles showed no prohealing potency in vivo and in vitro. Interestingly, HPDAlR significantly enhanced the ability of RL-QN15 to accelerate the healing of scratch of keratinocytes and selectively modulate the release of healing-involved cytokines from macrophages. More importantly, in comparison with RL-QN15, by evaluating on animal models of full-thickness injured skin wounds in mice and oral ulcers in rats, HPDAlR showed significant increasing in the pro-regenerative potency of 50 and 10 times, respectively. Moreover, HPDAlR also enhanced the prohealing efficiency of peptide RL-QN15 against skin scald in mice and full-thickness injured wounds in swine. CONCLUSIONS HPDA obviously enhanced the pro-regenerative potency of RL-QN15 in vitro and in vivo, hence HPDAlR exhibited great potential in the development of therapeutics for skin wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiling Sun
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicine Resource, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, School of Ethno-Medicine and Ethno-Pharmacy, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650504, Yunnan, China
| | - Tiantian He
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Dingwei He
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Yan Hu
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhe Fu
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Yinglei Wang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Dandan Sun
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Junsong Wang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Yixiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicine Resource, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, School of Ethno-Medicine and Ethno-Pharmacy, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650504, Yunnan, China
| | - Longjun Shu
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicine Resource, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, School of Ethno-Medicine and Ethno-Pharmacy, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650504, Yunnan, China
| | - Li He
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China.
| | - Ziwei Deng
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, National Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Xinwang Yang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China.
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Zhang J, Zhou S, Xia Z, Peng Z, Cheng X, Yang X, Luo W, Yang R. 595-nm pulsed dye laser combined with fractional CO 2 laser reduces hypertrophic scar through down-regulating TGFβ1 and PCNA. Lasers Med Sci 2021; 36:1625-1632. [PMID: 34117539 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-020-03240-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
595-nm pulsed dye laser and fractional CO2 laser have been demonstrated effective to treat hypertrophic scar. The underlying mechanism may involve transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGFβ1) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), but remains to be clarified. Our study was performed to investigate how 595-nm pulsed dye laser combined with fractional CO2 laser treats hypertrophic scars in a rabbit model through regulating the expression of TGFβ1 and PCNA. Twenty-four New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into control group, pulsed dye laser group, fractional CO2 laser group, and pulsed dye laser + fractional CO2 laser (combination) group. Surgical wounds were made and allowed to grow into hypertrophic scars at day 28. Next, 595-nm pulsed dye laser (fluence: 15 J/cm2; square: 7 mm; pulse duration: 10 ms) was used in pulsed dye laser and combination group, while fractional CO2 laser (combo mode, deep energy: 12.5 mJ; super energy: 90 mJ) in fractional CO2 laser and combination groups, once every 4 weeks for 3 times. The appearance and thickness of hypertrophic scar samples were measured with hematoxylin-eosin and Van Gieson's straining. The expressions of TGFβ1 and PCNA were evaluated by immunohistochemical and western blot analysis. A significant improvement was noted in the thickness, size, hardness, and histopathology of hypertrophic scar samples after laser treatment, especially in combination group. Scar Elevation Index (SEI), fiber density (NA), and collagen fiber content (AA) decreased most significantly in combination group (2.10 ± 0.14; 2506 ± 383.00; 22.98 ± 2.80%) compared to 595-nm pulsed dye laser group (3.35 ± 0.28; 4857 ± 209.40; 42.83 ± 1.71%) and fractional CO2 laser group (2.60 ± 0.25; 3995 ± 224.20; 38.33 ± 3.01%) (P < 0.001). Furthermore, TGFβ1 and PCNA expressions were more suppressed in combination group (8.78 ± 1.03; 7.81 ± 1.51) than in 595-nm pulsed dye laser (14.91 ± 1.68; 15.73 ± 2.53) and fractional CO2 laser alone group (15.96 ± 1.56; 16.13 ± 1.72) (P < 0.001). The combination of 595-nm pulsed dye laser with fractional CO2 laser can improve the morphology and histology of hypertrophic scars in a rabbit model through inhibiting the expression of TGFβ1 and PCNA protein. Our findings can pave the way for new clinical treatment strategies for hypertrophic scars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxia Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Shuanglin Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Zhikuan Xia
- Department of Dermatology, Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Zhuoying Peng
- Department of Dermatology, Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Xiaoxian Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Wanting Luo
- Department of Dermatology, Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Rongya Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100700, China.
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Yang S, Luo YJ, Luo C. Network Meta-Analysis of Different Clinical Commonly Used Drugs for the Treatment of Hypertrophic Scar and Keloid. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:691628. [PMID: 34568361 PMCID: PMC8458741 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.691628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: There is no uniform treatment for pathological scars, including keloids and hypertrophic scars, in clinic currently. Previously, multiple randomized controlled trials have examined the clinical efficacy of different treatments. Nonetheless, the results are inconsistent, and many treatments have not been directly compared. This makes it difficult to conclude which approach is more favorable, in terms of efficacy and safety, for the treatment of pathological scarring. This study aimed at evaluating the efficacy of different injection and topical treatment strategies for hypertrophic scar and keloid. Methods: Relevant literature from PubMed, Medline, Embase, Scopus, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CCRCT), and WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (WHO-ICTRP) were searched, from database inception through November 2020. Randomized clinical trials evaluating different treatment strategies of pathological scars, including triamcinolone acetonide (TAC), verapamil (VER), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), botulinum toxin A (BTA), bleomycin (BLM), and silicone gels were included in the study. Results: The network meta-analysis included a total of 2,009 patients from 29 studies. A network meta-analysis of injection and topical treatment strategies showed that the efficacy of TAC combined with BTA was best in the treatment of pathological scars. Combination therapies of TAC with 5-FU and TAC with BTA significantly improved the clinical efficiency. However, there was no statistically significant difference between other treatment strategies. The order of efficacy predicted by the surface under the cumulative ranking (SUCRA) curve was as follows: TAC+BTA (82.2%) > TAC+5-FU (69.8%) > BTA (67.3%) > 5-FU+silicone (59.4%) > TAC+silicone (58.3%) > 5-FU (49.8%) > BLM (42.0%) > TAC (26.7%) > VER (26.2%) > silicone (18.3%). There was no publication bias revealed based on the funnel diagram. Conclusion: This study recommends intralesional injection of TAC-BTA and TAC-5-FU combined therapies. But for patients who cannot tolerate the side effects, the use of silicone gels in combination with TAC is recommended. However, these conclusions need to be further confirmed by more randomized controlled trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell Therapy, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yujia J Luo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell Therapy, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Neurosurgeons, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Cong Luo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell Therapy, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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32
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Ding J, Mellergaard M, Zhu Z, Kwan P, Edge D, Ma Z, Hebert L, Alrobaiea S, Iwasaki T, Nielsen MCE, Tredget EE. Fluorescent light energy modulates healing in skin grafted mouse model. Open Med (Wars) 2021; 16:1240-1255. [PMID: 34522783 PMCID: PMC8402934 DOI: 10.1515/med-2021-0329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin grafting is often the only treatment for skin trauma when large areas of tissue are affected. This surgical intervention damages the deeper dermal layers of the skin with implications for wound healing and a risk of scar development. Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy modulates biological processes in different tissues, with a positive effect on many cell types and pathways essential for wound healing. This study investigated the effect of fluorescent light energy (FLE) therapy, a novel type of PBM, on healing after skin grafting in a dermal fibrotic mouse model. Split-thickness human skin grafts were transplanted onto full-thickness excisional wounds on nude mice. Treated wounds were monitored, and excised xenografts were examined to assess healing and pathophysiological processes essential for developing chronic wounds or scarring. Results demonstrated that FLE treatment initially accelerated re-epithelialization and rete ridge formation, while later reduced neovascularization, collagen deposition, myofibroblast and mast cell accumulation, and connective tissue growth factor expression. While there was no visible difference in gross morphology, we found that FLE treatment promoted a balanced collagen remodeling. Collectively, these findings suggest that FLE has a conceivable effect at balancing healing after skin grafting, which reduces the risk of infections, chronic wound development, and fibrotic scarring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ding
- Wound Healing Research Group, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 161 HMRC, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Maiken Mellergaard
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Research and Development, Klox Technologies Europe Ltd, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Zhensen Zhu
- Wound Healing Research Group, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 161 HMRC, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Peter Kwan
- Wound Healing Research Group, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 161 HMRC, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Deirdre Edge
- Department of Research and Development, Klox Technologies Europe Ltd, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Zengshuan Ma
- Wound Healing Research Group, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 161 HMRC, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Lise Hebert
- Department of Research and Development, Klox Technologies Inc., Laval, Canada
| | - Saad Alrobaiea
- Wound Healing Research Group, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 161 HMRC, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Takashi Iwasaki
- Wound Healing Research Group, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 161 HMRC, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Michael Canova Engelbrecht Nielsen
- Department of Research and Development, Klox R&D Center, Guangdong Klox Biomedical Group Co., Ltd, Room 603, 6/F, Building 8, No. 6, Nanjiang Second Road, Zhujiang Street, Nansha District, Guangzhou, China
| | - Edward E. Tredget
- Divisions of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and Critical Care, 2D2.28 Walter C MacKenzie Health Sciences Centre & Wound Healing Research Group, 161 HMRC, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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33
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Abdul Kareem N, Aijaz A, Jeschke MG. Stem Cell Therapy for Burns: Story so Far. Biologics 2021; 15:379-397. [PMID: 34511880 PMCID: PMC8418374 DOI: 10.2147/btt.s259124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Burn injuries affect approximately 11 million people annually, with fatalities amounting up to 180,000. Burn injuries constitute a global health issue associated with high morbidity and mortality. Recent years have seen advancements in regenerative medicine for burn wound healing encompassing stem cells and stem cell-derived products such as exosomes and conditioned media with promising results compared to current treatment approaches. Sources of stem cells used for treatment vary ranging from hair follicle stem cells, embryonic stem cells, umbilical cord stem cells, to mesenchymal stem cells, such as adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, and even stem cells harvested from discarded burn tissue. Stem cells utilize various pathways for wound healing, such as PI3/AKT pathway, WNT-β catenin pathway, TGF-β pathway, Notch and Hedgehog signaling pathway. Due to the paracrine signaling mechanism of stem cells, exosomes and conditioned media derived from stem cells have also been utilized in burn wound therapy. As exosomes and conditioned media are cell-free therapy and contain various biomolecules that facilitate wound healing, they are gaining popularity as an alternative treatment strategy with significant improvement in outcomes. The treatment is provided either as direct injections or embedded in a natural/artificial scaffold. This paper reviews in detail the different sources of stem cells, stem cell-derived products, their efficacy in burn wound repair, associated signaling pathways and modes of delivery for wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ayesha Aijaz
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Marc G Jeschke
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Ross Tilley Burn Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
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34
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Carney BC, Dougherty RD, Moffatt LT, Simbulan-Rosenthal CM, Shupp JW, Rosenthal DS. Promoter Methylation Status in Pro-opiomelanocortin Does Not Contribute to Dyspigmentation in Hypertrophic Scar. J Burn Care Res 2021; 41:339-346. [PMID: 31541238 DOI: 10.1093/jbcr/irz168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Burn injuries frequently result in hypertrophic scars (HTSs), specifically when excision and grafting are delayed due to limited resources or patient complications. In patient populations with dark baseline pigmentation, one symptom of HTS that often occurs is dyspigmentation. The mechanism behind dyspigmentation has not been explored, and, as such, prevention and treatment strategies for this morbidity are lacking. The mechanism by which cells make pigment is controlled at the apex of the pathway by pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC), which is cleaved to its products alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) and adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH). α-MSH and ACTH secreted by keratinocytes bind to melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R), expressed on melanocytes, to initiate melanogenesis. POMC protein expression is upregulated in hyperpigmented scar compared to hypopigmented scar by an unknown mechanism in a Duroc pig model of HTS. POMC RNA levels, as well as the POMC gene promoter methylation status were investigated as a possible mechanism. DNA was isolated from biopsies obtained from distinct areas of hyper- or hypopigmented scar and normal skin. DNA was bisulfite-converted, and amplified using two sets of primers to observe methylation patterns in two different CpG islands near the POMC promoter. Amplicons were then sequenced and methylation patterns were evaluated. POMC gene expression was significantly downregulated in hypopigmented scar compared to normal skin, consistent with previously reported protein expression levels. There were significant changes in methylation of the POMC promoter; however, none that would account for the development of hyper- or hypopigmentation. Future work will focus on other areas of POMC transcriptional regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonnie C Carney
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC.,Firefighters' Burn and Surgical Research Laboratory, MedStar Health Research Institute, Washington, DC
| | - Ryan D Dougherty
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC
| | - Lauren T Moffatt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC.,Firefighters' Burn and Surgical Research Laboratory, MedStar Health Research Institute, Washington, DC
| | - Cynthia M Simbulan-Rosenthal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC
| | - Jeffrey W Shupp
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC.,Firefighters' Burn and Surgical Research Laboratory, MedStar Health Research Institute, Washington, DC.,The Burn Center, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC.,Department of Surgery, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC
| | - Dean S Rosenthal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC
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35
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Zou ML, Teng YY, Wu JJ, Liu SY, Tang XY, Jia Y, Chen ZH, Zhang KW, Sun ZL, Li X, Ye JX, Xu RS, Yuan FL. Fibroblasts: Heterogeneous Cells With Potential in Regenerative Therapy for Scarless Wound Healing. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:713605. [PMID: 34354997 PMCID: PMC8329665 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.713605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, research on wound healing has become increasingly in-depth, but therapeutic effects are still not satisfactory. Occasionally, pathological tissue repair occurs. Influencing factors have been proposed, but finding the turning point between normal and pathological tissue repair is difficult. Therefore, we focused our attention on the most basic level of tissue repair: fibroblasts. Fibroblasts were once considered terminally differentiated cells that represent a single cell type, and their heterogeneity was not studied until recently. We believe that subpopulations of fibroblasts play different roles in tissue repair, resulting in different repair results, such as the formation of normal scars in physiological tissue repair and fibrosis or ulcers in pathological tissue repair. It is also proposed that scarless healing can be achieved by regulating fibroblast subpopulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Li Zou
- Wuxi Clinical Medicine School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Ying-Ying Teng
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jun-Jie Wu
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Si-Yu Liu
- Wuxi Clinical Medicine School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Tang
- Wuxi Clinical Medicine School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Yuan Jia
- Wuxi Clinical Medicine School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhong-Hua Chen
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Third Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Wuxi, China
| | - Kai-Wen Zhang
- Wuxi Clinical Medicine School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Zi-Li Sun
- Wuxi Clinical Medicine School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Xia Li
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jun-Xing Ye
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Rui-Sheng Xu
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Feng-Lai Yuan
- Wuxi Clinical Medicine School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, China.,Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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36
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Chen X, Zhou Y, Sun Y, Ji T, Dai H. Transplantation of decellularized and lyophilized amniotic membrane inhibits endometrial fibrosis by regulating connective tissue growth factor and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-2. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:968. [PMID: 34335910 PMCID: PMC8290472 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrauterine adhesion (IUA) is a disease characterized by endometrial fibrosis caused by injury to the endometrium. In the present study, decellularized and lyophilized human amniotic membrane (DL-AM) material was transplanted in a rat model to explore the preventive effect against IUA. A total of 24 Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into an IUA (n=12) group and an IUA + DL-AM (n=12) group. To establish the model, the endometrium of the left uterus was scraped, while that of the right uterus was used as a control. In the IUA group, scraped uteri were sutured without any other treatment, whereas DL-AM was transplanted onto the scraped uteri in the IUA + DL-AM group. Uteri were resected for histological and immunohistochemical evaluation at 3, 7, 14 and 28 days after surgery. The results confirmed the development of IUA, which was accompanied by an increase in the rate of fibrotic area. Integral optical density (IOD) values of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) were elevated in the IUA group, while matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) decreased relative to the control group (P<0.05). After DL-AM transplantation, the IOD value of CTGF dropped, while MMP-2 increased compared with the IUA group (P<0.05). However, compared with that in the control group, the IOD value of CTGF was still higher, whereas MMP-2 was still lower in the IUA + DL-AM group (P<0.05). Furthermore, no evidence of endometrial regeneration was detected in both the IUA and IUA + DL-AM groups. Overall, these results indicated that in the rat model of IUA, transplantation of DL-AM had the potential to prevent the formation of fibrosis to a certain extent and may thus be an alternative strategy for managing the condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Chen
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210036, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210036, P.R. China
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210036, P.R. China
| | - Tonghui Ji
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210036, P.R. China
| | - Huihua Dai
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210036, P.R. China
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37
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Marconi GD, Fonticoli L, Rajan TS, Pierdomenico SD, Trubiani O, Pizzicannella J, Diomede F. Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT): The Type-2 EMT in Wound Healing, Tissue Regeneration and Organ Fibrosis. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071587. [PMID: 34201858 PMCID: PMC8307661 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an essential event during cell development, in which epithelial cells acquire mesenchymal fibroblast-like features including reduced intercellular adhesion and increased motility. EMT also plays a key role in wound healing processes, which are mediated by inflammatory cells and fibroblasts. These cells secrete specific factors that interact with molecules of the extracellular matrix (ECM) such as collagens, laminins, elastin and tenascins. Wound healing follows four distinct and successive phases characterized by haemostasis, inflammation, cell proliferation and finally tissue remodeling. EMT is classified into three diverse subtypes: type-1 EMT, type-2 EMT and type-3 EMT. Type-1 EMT is involved in embryogenesis and organ development. Type-2 EMT is associated with wound healing, tissue regeneration and organ fibrosis. During organ fibrosis, type-2 EMT occurs as a reparative-associated process in response to ongoing inflammation and eventually leads to organ destruction. Type-3 EMT is implicated in cancer progression, which is linked to the occurrence of genetic and epigenetic alterations, in detail the ones promoting clonal outgrowth and the formation of localized tumors. The current review aimed at exploring the role of EMT process with particular focus on type-2 EMT in wound healing, fibrosis and tissue regeneration, as well as some recent progresses in the EMT and tissue regeneration field, including the modulation of EMT by biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guya D. Marconi
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Luigia Fonticoli
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (L.F.); (S.D.P.)
| | - Thangavelu Soundara Rajan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore 641021, India;
| | - Sante D. Pierdomenico
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (L.F.); (S.D.P.)
| | - Oriana Trubiani
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (L.F.); (S.D.P.)
- Correspondence: (O.T.); (F.D.); Tel.: +39-08713554097 (O.T.); +39-08713554080 (F.D.)
| | | | - Francesca Diomede
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (L.F.); (S.D.P.)
- Correspondence: (O.T.); (F.D.); Tel.: +39-08713554097 (O.T.); +39-08713554080 (F.D.)
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38
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Li Y, Yu Z, Zhao D, Han D. Corilagin alleviates hypertrophic scars via inhibiting the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β/Smad signal pathway. Life Sci 2021; 277:119483. [PMID: 33862115 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Exploring the effects of corilagin on hypertrophic scar (HS) and its underlying mechanisms. MAIN METHODS Human HS-derived fibroblasts (HSFs) were isolated and treated with corilagin. To investigate the effects of corilagin on HSFs, quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), western blotting, wound healing, and immunofluorescence assays were performed. These effects were confirmed in a rabbit ear scar model by histological and immunohistochemical studies. Lastly, western blot assay was performed to detect the protein levels of several components of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β/Smad signaling pathway, as well as the protein levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). KEY FINDINGS Corilagin showed multiple effects on HSFs, including does-dependent inhibition of collagen production, cell proliferation, and migration, besides suppression of the activation of HSFs. Moreover, corilagin suppressed HS formation and collagen deposition in a rabbit ear scar model. Corilagin also inhibited fibroblast proliferation and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression in vivo. Finally, western blot analysis revealed that corilagin downregulated the protein levels of TGF-β1 and TGF-β receptor type I (TGFβRI), thus lowering the level of p-smad2/3, also affected the protein levels of MMPs and TIMP1. SIGNIFICANCE Corilagin could be a potential agent for HS treatment through the inhibition of extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and multiple functions of fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Li
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhencheng Yu
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Danyang Zhao
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Dong Han
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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39
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Zhang J, Xia Z, Zhou S, Luo W, Peng Z, Yang R. Effect of Artesunate Combined With Fractional CO 2 Laser on the Hypertrophic Scar in a Rabbit Model. Lasers Surg Med 2021. [PMID: 33644924 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.23384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Hypertrophic scar (HS), a common complication in wound healing, is characterized by the disarrangement of collagen, fibers, and extracellular matrix. Artesunate (ART) can inhibit the abnormal formation of fibroblasts and collagens. Fractional CO2 laser (FCO2 L) can facilitate tissue remodeling and the absorption of drugs into ablative microthermal columns in HS. So far, no research has investigated the efficacy of ART combined with an FCO2 L in treating HS. To investigate the theoretical basis and clinical significance of this combination, we established a rabbit model of HS to observe the change in the expression of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into four groups: control group, ART group, FCO2 L group, and ART + FCO2 L (combination) group. Four wounds were surgically established in the ear of each rabbit and allowed to develop into HS. ART (20 μL/cm2 ) was injected in ART and combination groups, and FCO2 L (combo mode, deep energy:10m J, super energy: 50 mJ) in FCO2 L and combination groups on the 28th day after HS occurred. Three rounds of treatment were applied (once every 14 days). HS samples were measured by hematoxylin and eosin staining, Van Gieson staining, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot analysis on the 70th day. RESULTS The morphological and histopathological changes in HS were significant. HSs were smoother and smaller and the collagen fibers were thinner and less disordered in the combination group than those in ART and FCO2 L groups. Meanwhile, the hypertrophic index (HI), fiber density (NA), and collagen fiber content (AA) were lower in the combination group (1.54 ± 0.15, 3.30 ± 0.22, 30.37 ± 1.41%) than in the ART group (2.51 ± 0.22, 4.69 ± 0.16, 44.68 ± 2.30%) and FCO2 L group (1.99 ± 0.14, 4.13 ± 0.12, 37.74 ± 1.38%) (P < 0.01). Additionally, the expressions of TGF-β1 and PCNA protein were suppressed in the ART group (0.30 ± 0.03, 0.25 ± 0.03) and FCO2 L group (0.35 ± 0.03, 0.32 ± 0.05), and the suppression was more significant in the combination group(0.07 ± 0.02, 0.07 ± 0.02) (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The combination of ART and FCO2 L can effectively reduce HS in the rabbit model. This is the first report about this combination in the treatment of HS. A novel treatment is expected to be based on our findings. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxia Zhang
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, China
- The Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Zhikuan Xia
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, China
- The Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Shuanglin Zhou
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, China
- The Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Wanting Luo
- The Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Zhuoying Peng
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, China
| | - Rongya Yang
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, China
- The Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100700, China
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40
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Ruotsalainen SE, Partanen JJ, Cichonska A, Lin J, Benner C, Surakka I, Reeve MP, Palta P, Salmi M, Jalkanen S, Ahola-Olli A, Palotie A, Salomaa V, Daly MJ, Pirinen M, Ripatti S, Koskela J. An expanded analysis framework for multivariate GWAS connects inflammatory biomarkers to functional variants and disease. Eur J Hum Genet 2021; 29:309-324. [PMID: 33110245 PMCID: PMC7868371 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-020-00730-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Multivariate methods are known to increase the statistical power to detect associations in the case of shared genetic basis between phenotypes. They have, however, lacked essential analytic tools to follow-up and understand the biology underlying these associations. We developed a novel computational workflow for multivariate GWAS follow-up analyses, including fine-mapping and identification of the subset of traits driving associations (driver traits). Many follow-up tools require univariate regression coefficients which are lacking from multivariate results. Our method overcomes this problem by using Canonical Correlation Analysis to turn each multivariate association into its optimal univariate Linear Combination Phenotype (LCP). This enables an LCP-GWAS, which in turn generates the statistics required for follow-up analyses. We implemented our method on 12 highly correlated inflammatory biomarkers in a Finnish population-based study. Altogether, we identified 11 associations, four of which (F5, ABO, C1orf140 and PDGFRB) were not detected by biomarker-specific analyses. Fine-mapping identified 19 signals within the 11 loci and driver trait analysis determined the traits contributing to the associations. A phenome-wide association study on the 19 representative variants from the signals in 176,899 individuals from the FinnGen study revealed 53 disease associations (p < 1 × 10-4). Several reported pQTLs in the 11 loci provided orthogonal evidence for the biologically relevant functions of the representative variants. Our novel multivariate analysis workflow provides a powerful addition to standard univariate GWAS analyses by enabling multivariate GWAS follow-up and thus promoting the advancement of powerful multivariate methods in genomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanni E Ruotsalainen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juulia J Partanen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna Cichonska
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Computer Science, Helsinki Institute for Information Technology HIIT, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
- Department of Future Technologies, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jake Lin
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Christian Benner
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ida Surakka
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Mary Pat Reeve
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Priit Palta
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Marko Salmi
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Sirpa Jalkanen
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Ari Ahola-Olli
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aarno Palotie
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mark J Daly
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matti Pirinen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Public Health, Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Samuli Ripatti
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Public Health, Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Jukka Koskela
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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Abstract
Scars affect millions of patients worldwide, yet their treatment efficacy and options clinically remain limited. In recent years, increased understanding of scar formation pathways leading to developments in nanotechnology have opened many opportunities for scar detection, prevention, and treatment due to the nanoscale features and therapeutic delivery capabilities of such technologies. Led by nanoparticles (NPs) and nanofibers, these novel strategies can aid in reducing scar contracture, improving wound-healing efficacy, and advancing progress towards scarless wound healing.
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Molecular Changes Underlying Hypertrophic Scarring Following Burns Involve Specific Deregulations at All Wound Healing Stages (Inflammation, Proliferation and Maturation). Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020897. [PMID: 33477421 PMCID: PMC7831008 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive connective tissue accumulation, a hallmark of hypertrophic scaring, results in progressive deterioration of the structure and function of organs. It can also be seen during tumor growth and other fibroproliferative disorders. These processes result from a wide spectrum of cross-talks between mesenchymal, epithelial and inflammatory/immune cells that have not yet been fully understood. In the present review, we aimed to describe the molecular features of fibroblasts and their interactions with immune and epithelial cells and extracellular matrix. We also compared different types of fibroblasts and their roles in skin repair and regeneration following burn injury. In summary, here we briefly review molecular changes underlying hypertrophic scarring following burns throughout all basic wound healing stages, i.e. during inflammation, proliferation and maturation.
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Catanzano O, Quaglia F, Boateng JS. Wound dressings as growth factor delivery platforms for chronic wound healing. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2021; 18:737-759. [PMID: 33338386 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2021.1867096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Years of tissue engineering research have clearly demonstrated the potential of integrating growth factors (GFs) into scaffolds for tissue regeneration, a concept that has recently been applied to wound dressings. The old concept of wound dressings that only take a passive role in wound healing has now been overtaken, and advanced dressings which can take an active part in wound healing, are of current research interest.Areas covered: In this review we will focus on the recent strategies for the delivery of GFs to wound sites with an emphasis on the different approaches used to achieve fine tuning of spatial and temporal concentrations to achieve therapeutic efficacy.Expert opinion: The use of GFs to accelerate wound healing and reduce scar formation is now considered a feasible therapeutic approach in patients with a high risk of infections and complications. The integration of micro - and nanotechnologies into wound dressings could be the key to overcome the inherent instability of GFs and offer adequate control over the release rate. Many investigations have led to encouraging outcomes in various in vitro and in vivo wound models, and it is expected that some of these technologies will satisfy clinical needs and will enter commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ovidio Catanzano
- Institute for Polymers Composites and Biomaterials (IPCB) - CNR, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Fabiana Quaglia
- Drug Delivery Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Joshua S Boateng
- School of Science, Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Medway, Central Avenue, Chatham Maritime, Kent, UK
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Takagi S, Oyama T, Jimi S, Saparov A, Ohjimi H. A Novel Autologous Micrografts Technology in Combination with Negative Pressure Wound Therapy (NPWT) for Quick Granulation Tissue Formation in Chronic/Refractory Ulcer. Healthcare (Basel) 2020; 8:healthcare8040513. [PMID: 33255590 PMCID: PMC7712274 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare8040513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) has been commonly used over the years for a wide range of chronic/refractory lesions. Alternatively, autologous micrografting technology is recently becoming a powerful modality for initiating wound healing. The case presented is of a patient with a lower leg ulcer that had responded poorly to NPWT alone for three weeks. Consequently, the patient was put on a combination therapy of NPWT and micrografting. After injection of a dermal tissue micrografts suspension into the entire wound bed, NPWT was performed successively for two weeks, resulting in fresh granulation tissue formation. Thereafter, the autologous skin graft was taken well. This case study indicates that for a chronic/refractory ulcer patient with poor NPWT outcome, combination therapy using micrografting treatment and NPWT could rapidly initiate and enhance granulation tissue formation, creating a favorable bedding for subsequent skin grafting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Takagi
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan; (T.O.); (H.O.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Takuto Oyama
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan; (T.O.); (H.O.)
| | - Shiro Jimi
- Central Lab for Pathology and Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan;
| | - Arman Saparov
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan;
| | - Hiroyuki Ohjimi
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan; (T.O.); (H.O.)
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Pan BH, Zhang Q, Lam CH, Yin Yuen H, Kuang S, Zhao X. WITHDRAWN: Petite miracles: insight into the nano-management of scarless wound healing. Drug Discov Today 2020; 25:1772. [PMID: 32268202 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and/or editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Ho Pan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chun Hei Lam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ho Yin Yuen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shifeng Kuang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China.
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Kim DH, Han SH, Suh HS, Choi YS. Benefits of extracorporeal shock waves for keloid treatment: A pilot study. Dermatol Ther 2020; 33:e13653. [DOI: 10.1111/dth.13653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hee Kim
- Department of Dermatology Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine Ulsan South Korea
| | - Seok Hyun Han
- Department of Dermatology Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine Ulsan South Korea
| | - Ho Seok Suh
- Department of Dermatology Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine Ulsan South Korea
| | - Yu Sung Choi
- Department of Dermatology Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine Ulsan South Korea
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Targeted apoptosis of myofibroblasts by elesclomol inhibits hypertrophic scar formation. EBioMedicine 2020; 54:102715. [PMID: 32251998 PMCID: PMC7132150 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hypertrophic scar (HS) is characterized by the increased proliferation and decreased apoptosis of myofibroblasts. Myofibroblasts, the main effector cells for dermal fibrosis, develop from normal fibroblasts. Thus, the stimulation of myofibroblast apoptosis is a possible treatment for HS. We aimed to explore that whether over-activated myofibroblasts can be targeted for apoptosis by anticancer drug elesclomol. Methods 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining, flow cytometry, western blotting, collagen gel contraction and immunofluorescence assays were applied to demonstrate the proapoptotic effect of elesclomol in scar derived myofibroblasts and TGF-β1 induced myofibroblasts. The therapeutic potential of elesclomol was investigated by establishing rabbit ear hypertrophic scar models. Findings Both 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining and flow cytometry indicated that elesclomol targets myofibroblasts in vitro. Collagen gel contraction assay showed that elesclomol inhibited myofibroblast contractility. Flow cytometry and western blot analysis revealed that elesclomol resulted in excessive intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species(ROS), and caspase-3 and cytochrome c proteins. Moreover, compared with the control group, the elesclomol group had a significantly lower scar elevation index in vivo. Immunofluorescence assays for TUNEL and α-smooth muscle actin indicated that elesclomol treatment increased the number of apoptotic myofibroblasts. Interpretation The above results indicate that elesclomol exerted a significant inhibitory effect on HS formation via targeted myofibroblast apoptosis associated with increased oxidative stress. Thus, elesclomol is a promising candidate drug for the treatment of myofibroblast-related diseases such as HS.
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Activator Protein-1 Transcriptional Activity Drives Soluble Micrograft-Mediated Cell Migration and Promotes the Matrix Remodeling Machinery. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:6461580. [PMID: 32082384 PMCID: PMC7012246 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6461580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Impaired wound healing and tissue regeneration have severe consequences on the patient's quality of life. Micrograft therapies are emerging as promising and affordable alternatives to improve skin regeneration by enhancing the endogenous wound repair processes. However, the molecular mechanisms underpinning the beneficial effects of the micrograft treatments remain largely unknown. In this study, we identified the active protein-1 (AP-1) member Fos-related antigen-1 (Fra-1) to play a central role in the extracellular signal-regulated kinase- (ERK-) mediated enhanced cell migratory capacity of soluble micrograft-treated mouse adult fibroblasts and in the human keratinocyte cell model. Accordingly, we show that increased micrograft-dependent in vitro cell migration and matrix metalloprotease activity is abolished upon inhibition of AP-1. Furthermore, soluble micrograft treatment leads to increased expression and posttranslational phosphorylation of Fra-1 and c-Jun, resulting in the upregulation of wound healing-associated genes mainly involved in the regulation of cell migration. Collectively, our work provides insights into the molecular mechanisms behind the cell-free micrograft treatment, which might contribute to future advances in wound repair therapies.
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49
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Liu N, Li Z, Meng B, Bian W, Li X, Wang S, Cao X, Song Y, Yang M, Wang Y, Tang J, Yang X. Accelerated Wound Healing Induced by a Novel Amphibian Peptide (OA-FF10). Protein Pept Lett 2019; 26:261-270. [PMID: 30678611 DOI: 10.2174/0929866526666190124144027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the continued development of modern medicine, chronic wounds are still a critical issue in clinical treatment, placing a great physiological, psychological, and financial burden on patients. Researchers have investigated many methods to solve this problem, with bioactive peptides gaining increasing attention due to their considerable advantages and diverse functions, as well as low cost, simple storage, and easy transportation. METHODS In this research, a novel peptide (named OA-FF10) was identified from the skin secretions of the odorous frog species Odorrana andersonii. The sequence of mature OA-FF10 was "FFTTSCRSGC", which was produced by the post-translational processing of a 61-residue prepropeptide. RESULTS Similar to most frog peptides, OA-FF10 showed an intramolecular disulfide bridge at the C-terminus. OA-FF10 demonstrated no antibacterial, antioxidant, hemolytic, or acute toxic activity, but promoted wound healing and proliferation of human keratinocytes (HaCaT) both time- and dose-dependently. Furthermore, while OA-FF10 had no effect on wound healing of Human Skin Fibroblasts (HSF), it did accelerate healing in a full-thickness skin-wound mouse model. CONCLUSION Our research revealed the strong wound-healing activity of OA-FF10 in vivo and in vitro, thus providing a new candidate for the development of novel wound-healing drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naixin Liu
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Zhe Li
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Buliang Meng
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Wenxin Bian
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Xiaojie Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Siyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicine Resource, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, School of Ethnomedicine and Ethnopharmacy, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Xiaoqing Cao
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Yongli Song
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Meifeng Yang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicine Resource, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, School of Ethnomedicine and Ethnopharmacy, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Jing Tang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Xinwang Yang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
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50
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Bhawal UK, Li X, Suzuki M, Taguchi C, Oka S, Arikawa K, Tewari N, Liu Y. Treatment with low‐level sodium fluoride on wound healing and the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Dent Traumatol 2019; 36:278-284. [DOI: 10.1111/edt.12532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ujjal K. Bhawal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo Chiba Japan
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo Chiba Japan
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction School of Stomatology Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Masatoshi Suzuki
- Department of Anesthesiology Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo Chiba Japan
| | - Chieko Taguchi
- Department of Community Oral Health Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo Chiba Japan
| | - Shunichi Oka
- Department of Anesthesiology Nihon University School of Dentistry Tokyo Japan
| | - Kazumune Arikawa
- Department of Community Oral Health Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo Chiba Japan
| | - Nitesh Tewari
- Division of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry Centre for Dental Education and Research All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India
| | - Yi Liu
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction School of Stomatology Capital Medical University Beijing China
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