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Xu Y, Bao L, Cao S, Pang B, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Chen M, Wang Y, Sun Q, Zhao R, Guo S, Sun J, Cui X. Pharmacological effects and mechanism of Maxing Shigan decoction in the treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 320:117424. [PMID: 37984543 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Maxing Shigan Decoction (MXSG) is a traditional Chinese Medicine effectively used in respiratory infections and bacterial pneumonia. However, the mechanism of MXSG treating acute Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) pneumonia is still unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of MXSG on acute P. aeruginosa pneumonia and explore its potential mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS HPLC-MS analysis was performed to analyze the chemical composition. Antibacterial effects in vitro were evaluated by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Forty-five male BALB/c mice were divided into control group, model group, levofloxacin group, MXSG-L (7.7 g/kg/d), and MXSG-H group (15.4 g/kg/d). Mice were intranasal instillation with P. aeruginosa to induce acute P. aeruginosa pneumonia model. Levofloxacin and MXSG were administered by oral gavage once a day. After 3 days of treatment, the lung index measurement, micro-CT, arterial blood gas analysis, bacteria load determination, and HE staining were performed. Network pharmacological analysis and transcriptome sequencing were employed to predict the potential mechanisms of MXSG on bacterial pneumonia. The expressions of relating genes were detected by immunofluorescence, Western blot, and RT-PCR. RESULTS In vitro, MIC of P. aeruginosa is greater than 500 mg/mL. In the treatment of acute P. aeruginosa pneumonia model, MXSG significantly improved body weight loss, lung index, and pulmonary lesions. MXSG treatment also reduced the bacterial load and ameliorated oxygen saturation significantly. Transcriptomes, immunofluorescence, Western blot, and RT-PCR analysis showed MXSG treating acute P. aeruginosa pneumonia through the IL-17 signaling pathway and HIF-1α/IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated the efficacy and mechanism of MXSG in the treatment of acute P. aeruginosa pneumonia, which provides a scientific basis for its clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingli Xu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Lei Bao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Shan Cao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Bo Pang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Jingsheng Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Yu Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Mengping Chen
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Yaxin Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Qiyue Sun
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Ronghua Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Shanshan Guo
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Jing Sun
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiaolan Cui
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Xia R, Fei Y, Zhang L, Jie Z, Fan X, Dai M, Moore M, Willcox M, Hu X, Francis N, Liang C, Fei G, Liu J. Shufeng Jiedu capsule for acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a protocol of multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e070864. [PMID: 37775286 PMCID: PMC10546128 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-070864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) represents one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Published clinical trials suggest that the Chinese patent herbal medicine Shufeng Jiedu capsule (SFJD) is safe and may be effective for treating acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD). However, these effects have been reported with low or very low certainty evidence. This trial aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of SFJD for AECOPD. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This study is designed as a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Three hundred patients with moderate or severe hospitalised AECOPD will be recruited in Beijing, Shanghai and Hefei. Participants will be randomly assigned to SFJD and usual care or placebo and usual care at a ratio of 1:1. SFJD and placebo will be administered orally four capsules three times daily for 7 consecutive days followed by an 8-week follow-up period. The primary outcome will be COPD symptom severity as measured by the EXAcerbation of Chronic Pulmonary Disease Tool score. Secondary outcomes include clinical symptoms, quality of life, length of hospital stay, a total dose of antibiotics, the frequency of recurrence of AECOPD, haematological biomarkers, death and adverse events. This study will answer the question of whether SFJD was safe to use and will improve symptoms in people with AECOPD, and will therefore reduce the necessity for antibiotics, the risk and duration of admission to hospital, and the risk of recurrence. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The ethics committee of the first affiliated hospital of Anhui Medical University, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine affiliated Dongzhimen hospital and fifth people's hospital of Shanghai Fudan University approved the study protocol. Informed written consent will be obtained from all the participants. The results of this trial will be disseminated at academic conferences and in peer-reviewed publications. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ISRCTN99049821.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyu Xia
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yutong Fei
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lishan Zhang
- Respiratory Department, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhijun Jie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyun Fan
- Department of Geriatric Respiratory and Critical Care, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Mengyuan Dai
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Michael Moore
- Primary Care Research Centre, School of Primary Care, Population Sciences and Medical Education, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Merlin Willcox
- Primary Care Research Centre, School of Primary Care, Population Sciences and Medical Education, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Xiaoyang Hu
- Primary Care Research Centre, School of Primary Care, Population Sciences and Medical Education, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Nick Francis
- Primary Care Research Centre, School of Primary Care, Population Sciences and Medical Education, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Changhao Liang
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Guanghe Fei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jianping Liu
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Willcox ML, Hu XY, Oliver T, Thorne K, Boxall C, He G, Simpson C, Brotherwood B, O’Neil A, Waugh R, Tilt E, Trill J, Goward N, Francis N, Thomas M, Little P, Wilkinson T, Liu JP, Griffiths G, Moore M. Treating acute exacerbations of COPD with Chinese herbal medicine to aid antibiotic use reduction (Excalibur): a randomised double-blind, placebo-controlled feasibility trial. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1221905. [PMID: 37818189 PMCID: PMC10561384 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1221905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Although many acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD) are triggered by non-bacterial causes, they are often treated with antibiotics. Preliminary research suggests that the Chinese herbal medicine "Shufeng Jiedu" (SFJD), may improve recovery and therefore reduce antibiotic use in patients with AECOPD. Aims: To assess the feasibility of conducting a randomised placebo-controlled clinical trial of SFJD for AECOPD in UK primary care. Methods: GPs opportunistically recruited patients experiencing an AECOPD. Participants were randomised 1:1 to usual care plus SFJD or placebo for 14 days. Participants, GPs and research nurses were blinded to treatment allocation. GPs could prescribe immediate, delayed or no antibiotics, with delayed prescribing encouraged where appropriate. Participants were asked to complete a participant diary, including EXACT-PRO and CAT™ questionnaires for up to 4 weeks. Outcomes included recruitment rate and other measures of study feasibility described using only descriptive statistics and with no formal comparisons between groups. We also conducted qualitative interviews with recruited and non-recruited COPD patients and clinicians, analysed using framework analysis. Results: Over 6 months, 19 participants (6 SFJD, 13 placebo) were recruited. Sixteen (84%) participants returned diaries or provided a diary by recall. Overall, 1.3 participants were recruited per 1,000 patients on the COPD register per month open. Median duration of treatment was 9.8 days in the intervention group vs 13.3 days in the placebo group. The main reason for discontinuation in both groups was perceived side-effects. in both groups. Point estimates for both the EXACT-PRO and CAT™ outcomes suggested possible small benefits of SFJD. Most patients and clinicians were happy to try SFJD as an alternative to antibiotics for AECOPD. Recruitment was lower than expected because of the short recruitment period, the lower incidence of AECOPD during the COVID-19 pandemic, patients starting antibiotics from "rescue packs" before seeing their GP, and workforce challenges in primary care. Conclusion: Recruitment was impaired by the COVID-19 pandemic. Nevertheless, we were able to demonstrate the feasibility of recruiting and randomising participants and identified approaches to address recruitment challenges such as including the trial medication in COPD patients' "rescue packs" and delegating recruitment to a central trials team. Clinical Trial Registration: Identifier, ISRCTN26614726.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merlin L. Willcox
- Southampton Clinical Trials Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Xiao-Yang Hu
- Southampton Clinical Trials Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Tom Oliver
- Southampton Clinical Trials Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Kerensa Thorne
- Southampton Clinical Trials Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Cherish Boxall
- Southampton Clinical Trials Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - George He
- Phoenix Medical Ltd, Chelmsford, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine Simpson
- Southampton Clinical Trials Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Becci Brotherwood
- Southampton Clinical Trials Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Alice O’Neil
- Southampton Clinical Trials Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Waugh
- Southampton Clinical Trials Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Emma Tilt
- Southampton Clinical Trials Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Jeanne Trill
- Southampton Clinical Trials Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Neville Goward
- Patient and Public Representative, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Nick Francis
- Southampton Clinical Trials Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Thomas
- Southampton Clinical Trials Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Little
- Southampton Clinical Trials Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Tom Wilkinson
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Jian-Ping Liu
- Centre for Evidence-based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Gareth Griffiths
- Southampton Clinical Trials Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Moore
- Southampton Clinical Trials Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
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Han Y, Xu J, Zhu Q, Yang L, Wang Y, Luo H, Zhang T. Study on basic and clinical application of Shufeng Jiedu Capsule in treating respiratory tract infection. Chin Med 2023; 18:45. [PMID: 37098552 PMCID: PMC10127947 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-023-00749-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Shufeng Jiedu Capsule (SFJDC), composed of eight herbs, is a big brand traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for the treatment of different respiratory tract infectious diseases with good clinical efficacy and few side effects. It is clinically applied to acute upper respiratory tract infection(URI), influenza, acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD), community-acquired pneumonia(CAP) and other diseases, due to its antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, immunoregulatory and antipyretic activities. In particular, it has shown good clinical effects for COVID-19, and was included in the fourth to tenth editions of the 'Diagnosis and Treatment Protocol for COVID-19 (Trial)' by the National Health Commission. In recent years, studies on the secondary development which focus on the basic and clinical application of SFJDC have been widely reported. In this paper, chemical components, pharmacodynamic material basis, mechanisms, compatibility rule and clinical application were systematically summarized, in order to provide theoretical and experimental basis for further research and clinical application of SFJDC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqi Han
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research Co., Ltd, Tianjin, 300462, China
| | - Jun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research Co., Ltd, Tianjin, 300462, China
| | - Qiang Zhu
- Anhui Jiren Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Bozhou, 236800, Anhui, China
| | - Li Yang
- Anhui Jiren Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Bozhou, 236800, Anhui, China
| | - Yitao Wang
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, 999078, China
| | - Hua Luo
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, 999078, China.
| | - Tiejun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research Co., Ltd, Tianjin, 300462, China.
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Yang X, Wang S, Qi L, Chen S, Du K, Shang Y, Guo J, Fang S, Li J, Zhang H, Chang Y. An efficient method for qualitation and quantitation of multi-components of the herbal medicine Qingjin Yiqi Granules. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 227:115288. [PMID: 36796275 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
Qingjin Yiqi Granules (QJYQ) is a Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCMs) prescription for the patients with post-COVID-19 condition. It is essential to carry out the quality evaluation of QJYQ. A comprehensive investigation was conducted by establishing deep-learning assisted mass defect filter (deep-learning MDF) mode for qualitative analysis, ultra-high performance liquid chromatography and scheduled multiple reaction monitoring method (UHPLC-sMRM) for precise quantitation to evaluate the quality of QJYQ. Firstly, a deep-learning MDF was used to classify and characterize the whole phytochemical components of QJYQ based on the mass spectrum (MS) data of ultra-high performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time of flight tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS). Secondly, the highly sensitive UHPLC-sMRM data-acquisition method was established to quantify the multi-ingredients of QJYQ. Totally, nine major types of phytochemical compounds in QJYQ were intelligently classified and 163 phytochemicals were initially identified. Furthermore, fifty components were rapidly quantified. The comprehensive evaluation strategy established in this study would provide an effective tool for accurately evaluating the quality of QJYQ as a whole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Shuangqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Lina Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Shujing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Kunze Du
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Ye Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Jiading Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Shiming Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Jin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Han Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Yanxu Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
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Sheng X, Chen C, Jiang G, Ji Z, Guo Z, Hu H, Wang H, Zhai J, Zhang D, Zhang J, Guo L. The add-on effect of Shufeng Jiedu capsule for treating COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:1020286. [PMID: 36325392 PMCID: PMC9620801 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1020286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Shufeng Jiedu capsule (SFJD) is a commonly used Chinese patent medicine in China. Some studies have reported that SFJD has therapeutic effects in patients diagnosed with COVID-19. This systematic review aimed to critically evaluate the efficacy and safety of SFJD combined with western medicine (WM) for treating COVID-19. Methods A literature search by using WHO COVID-19 database, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, the Web of Science, CKNI, Wanfang, VIP, SinoMed, and clinical trial registries was conducted, up to 1 August 2022. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), non-RCTs, cohort studies and case series of SFJD combined with WM for COVID-19 were included. Literature screening, data extraction, and quality assessment were performed independently by two reviewers in line with the same criteria. We used the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations (GRADE) to assess the certainty of evidence. Meta-analyses were performed with Revman 5.3 if possible. The descriptive analysis was conducted when the studies could not be meta-analyzed. Results Totally 10 studies with 1,083 patients were included. Their methodological quality were moderate. The results demonstrated that compared to WM group, SFJD + WM group remarkably increased the nucleic acid negative conversion rate (RR = 1.40, 95%CI: 1.07-1.84), total effective rate (RR = 1.18, 95%CI: 1.07-1.31), cure rate (RR = 4.06, 95%CI: 2.19-7.53), and the chest CT improvement rate (RR = 1.19, 95%CI: 1.08-1.31), shorten nucleic acid negative conversion time (MD = -0.70, 95%CI: -1.14 to -0.26), reduced the clinical symptom disappearance time (fever, diarrhea, cough, fatigue, pharyngalgia, nasal congestion, and rhinorrhea), as well as improved the levels of laboratory outcomes (CRP, IL-6, Lym, and Neu). Additionally, the incidence of adverse reactions did not exhibit any statistically significant difference between SFJD + WM group and WM group. Conclusion SFJD combined with WM seems more effective than WM alone for the treatment of COVID-19. However, more well-designed RCTs still are warranted. Systematic review registration [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/], identifier [CRD42022306307].
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodi Sheng
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Chao Chen
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Guowang Jiang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhaochen Ji
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zehui Guo
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Haiyin Hu
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingbo Zhai
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Junhua Zhang
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Liping Guo
- Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin, China,*Correspondence: Liping Guo,
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Identifying Active Compounds and Mechanisms of Citrus changshan-Huyou Y. B. Chang against URTIs-Associated Inflammation by Network Pharmacology in Combination with Molecular Docking. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:2156157. [PMID: 35873643 PMCID: PMC9300271 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2156157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Purpose. The ripe fruits of Citrus changshan-huyou, known as Quzhou Fructus Aurantii (QFA), have been commonly used for respiratory diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigate their active compounds and demonstrate their mechanism in the treatment of upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) through network pharmacology and molecular docking. Methods. The prominent compounds of QFA were acquired from TCMSP database. Their targets were retrieved from SwissTargetPrediction database, and target genes associated with URTIs were collected from DisGeNET and GeneCards databases. The target protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed by using STRING database and Cytoscape. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were enriched. Visual compound-target-pathway network was established with Cytoscape. The effects of compounds were verified on the inhibitory activities against phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks). Finally, the molecular docking was carried out to confirm the binding affinity of the bioactive compounds and target proteins. Results. Five important active compounds, naringenin (NAR), tangeretin (TAN), luteolin (LUT), hesperetin (HES), and auraptene (AUR), were obtained. The enrichment analysis demonstrated that the pathways associated with inflammation mainly contained PI3K/Akt signalling pathway, TNF signalling pathway, and so on. The most important targets covering inflammation-related proteins might be PI3Ks. In vitro assays and molecular docking exhibited that TAN, LUT, and AUR acted as PI3Kγ inhibitors. Conclusion. The results revealed that QFA could treat URTIs through a multi-compound, multi-target, multi-pathway network, in which TAN, LUT, and AUR acted as PI3Kγ inhibitors, probably contributing to a crucial role in treatment of URTIs.
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Zhang XW, Xia RY, Gao JQ, Liu JJ, Xu DH, Li X, Hu XY, Willcox M, Moore M, Dai MY, Trill J, Fei YT, Liu JP. Chinese Patent Medicine Shufeng Jiedu Capsules as an Adjuvant Therapy for Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:923395. [PMID: 35860018 PMCID: PMC9289368 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.923395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Shufeng Jiedu (SFJD) capsules can be used as adjunctive treatment for patients with community-acquired pneumonia, but the effectiveness and safety of SFJD are not clear. This review aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of SFJD based on randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Methods: A systematic review was conducted by searching PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, CENTRAL, CNKI, VIP, CBM, Wanfang and trial registry platforms from their inception to March 2022. Two reviewers screened studies, extracted the data and assessed risk of bias independently. The data were pooled for meta-analysis or presented narratively. Results: Seventeen RCTs involving 1840 participants were included. All trials compared SFJD plus antibiotics to antibiotics, or combined with symptomatic treatment in both groups. The overall certainty of evidence was assessed as moderate to very low certainty. Compared with routine treatment (antibiotics alone or antibiotics plus symptomatic treatment), SFJD plus routine treatment showed beneficial effects in resolution of fever (MD -1.20 days, 95%CI -1.73 to -0.67; 10 RCTs; very low certainty), cough (MD -1.02 days, 95%CI -1.23 to -0.81; 9 RCTs; moderate certainty), phlegm (MD -1.46 days, 95%CI -2.84 to -0.08; 6 RCTs; very low certainty), pulmonary crepitations (MD -1.61 days, 95%CI -2.64 to -0.59; 8 RCTs; low certainty), shortness of breath (MD -2.80 days, 95%CI -2.88 to -2.72; 2 RCTs; low certainty) and chest pain (MD -2.85 days, 95%CI -3.01 to -2.69; 1 RCT; low certainty). There was no significant difference in pathogen clearance (1 RCT). No serious adverse events were reported, but 2.60% (5/192) patients reported nausea in the SFJD groups, 1.04% (2/192) participants in routine group, and no significant difference was identified. Conclusions: Current evidence suggests that adding SFJD may shorten the duration of symptom relief in community-acquired pneumonia for 1-2 days. The adverse events were minor and controllable, and no serious adverse events were reported. Well-reported trials and potential of reducing antibiotics were expected in the future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Wen Zhang
- Centre for Evidence Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ru-Yu Xia
- Centre for Evidence Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Qi Gao
- School of Qi-Huang Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-Jun Liu
- School of Qi-Huang Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - De-Hao Xu
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xun Li
- Centre for Evidence Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Yang Hu
- Primary Care, Population Sciences and Medical Education, University of Southampton, Southampton, England, United Kingdom
| | - Merlin Willcox
- Primary Care, Population Sciences and Medical Education, University of Southampton, Southampton, England, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Moore
- Primary Care, Population Sciences and Medical Education, University of Southampton, Southampton, England, United Kingdom
| | - Meng-Yuan Dai
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jeanne Trill
- Primary Care, Population Sciences and Medical Education, University of Southampton, Southampton, England, United Kingdom
| | - Yu-Tong Fei
- Centre for Evidence Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Ping Liu
- Centre for Evidence Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- The National Research Center in Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NAFKAM) Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Science, UiT, the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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Xu Y, Yang L, Wang L, Chen F. Potential therapeutic effect of Shufeng Jiedu capsule and its major herbs on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A review. Drug Discov Ther 2022; 15:289-299. [PMID: 34980761 DOI: 10.5582/ddt.2021.01099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The outbreak and rapid spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) poses a huge threat to human health and social stability. Shufeng Jiedu capsule (SFJDC), a patented herbal drug composed of eight medicinal plants, is used to treat different viral respiratory tract infectious diseases. Based on its antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and immunoregulatory activities in acute lung injury, SFJDC can be effectively used as a treatment for COVID-19 patients according to the diagnosis and treatment plan issued in China and existing clinical data. SFJDC has been recommended in 15 therapeutic regimens for COVID-19 in China. This review summarizes current data on the ingredients, chemical composition, pharmacological properties, clinical efficacy, and potential therapeutic effect of SFJDC on COVID-19, to provide a theoretical basis for its anti-viral mechanism and the clinical treatment of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayun Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Li Yang
- School of food and biological engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Longfei Wang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Feihu Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
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10
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Li BH, Li ZY, Liu MM, Tian JZ, Cui QH. Progress in Traditional Chinese Medicine Against Respiratory Viruses: A Review. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:743623. [PMID: 34531754 PMCID: PMC8438140 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.743623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Respiratory viruses, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-1, SARS-CoV-2, influenza A viruses, and respiratory syncytial virus, pose a serious threat to society. Based on the guiding principles of “holism” and “syndrome differentiation and treatment”, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has unique advantages in the treatment of respiratory virus diseases owing to the synergistic effect of multiple components and targets, which prevents drug resistance from arising. According to TCM theory, there are two main strategies in antiviral treatments, namely “dispelling evil” and “fu zheng”. Dispelling evil corresponds to the direct inhibition of virus growth and fu zheng corresponds to immune regulation, inflammation control, and tissue protection in the host. In this review, current progress in using TCMs against respiratory viruses is summarized according to modern biological theories. The prospects for developing TCMs against respiratory viruses is discussed to provide a reference for the research and development of innovative TCMs with multiple components, multiple targets, and low toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Hong Li
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zhong-Yuan Li
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Miao-Miao Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jing-Zhen Tian
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Qing-Hua Cui
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.,Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, China
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11
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Pang Z, Zhu Q. Traditional Chinese Medicine is an Alternative Therapeutic Option for Treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infections. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:737252. [PMID: 34512364 PMCID: PMC8429605 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.737252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen causing life-threatening infections in cystic fibrosis patients and immunocompromised individuals, and it is a leading cause of nosocomial infections associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Treatment of P. aeruginosa infections is challenging due to the antibiotic resistance to most of the conventional antibiotics. Development of alternative therapeutic options is urgently demanded for the patients who have antibiotic-resistant infections. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a clinical history of thousands of years for prevention and treatment of infectious diseases in China, taking advantages of improving clinical outcomes, producing less side effects, inhibiting pathogen, and modulating host immunity. Recent research has revealed a variety of natural products derived from TCM showing significant antimicrobial effects on antibiotic-resistant strains of P. aeruginosa alone or combined with antibiotics in vitro or in animal models, suggesting that TCM is a promising complementary and alternative therapeutic approach for treatment of chronic P. aeruginosa infections. This review summarizes the recent findings attempting to dissect the mechanisms of TCM combating P. aeruginosa infections and highlights the molecular targets of TCM on P. aeruginosa and host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Pang
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Basic Research, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Qingjun Zhu
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Basic Research, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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12
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Jiang F, Xu N, Zhou Y, Song J, Liu J, Zhu H, Jiang J, Xu Y, Li R. Contribution of traditional Chinese medicine combined with conventional western medicine treatment for the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), current evidence with systematic review and meta-analysis. Phytother Res 2021; 35:5992-6009. [PMID: 34256418 PMCID: PMC8441775 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This study provides current evidence for efficacy and safety of treating COVID‐19 with combined traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and conventional western medicine (CWM). Six databases were searched from January 1 to December 31, 2020. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), case–control studies (CCTs), and cohort studies on TCM or TCM combined with CWM treatment for COVID‐19 were included. The quality of included RCTs was assessed by Cochrane risk of bias tool, and the Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to assess the quality of cohort studies and CCTs. Review Manager 5.4 software was used to perform meta‐analysis. The quality of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. A total of 35 studies (3,808 patients) composing 19 RCTs and 16 observational studies were included. The results of meta‐analysis revealed that comparing with CWM alone, integrated TCM and CWM had significant improvement in total effective rate, improvement rate of chest CT, the rate of disease progression, as well as improvement of fever, fatigue and cough. The overall quality of evidence was very low to moderate. In conclusion, TCM combined with CWM was a potential treatment option for increasing clinical effective rate, improving the clinical symptoms, and preventing disease progression in COVID‐19 patients. High‐quality clinical trials are required in the further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Jiang
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province and School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Nana Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province and School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Morphology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yanxi Zhou
- School of Medical Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jinxing Song
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province and School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jinjuan Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province and School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Jihong Jiang
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province and School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yonghong Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province and School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Rongpeng Li
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province and School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
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13
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Wang WY, Xie Y, Zhou H, Liu L. Contribution of traditional Chinese medicine to the treatment of COVID-19. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 85:153279. [PMID: 32675044 PMCID: PMC7338274 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 as an epidemic disease has spread across the planet since December 2019. The somber situation reminds each country to take actions in preventing the spreading of the virus. China as one of the early affected countries has been fighting against the novel coronavirus with the achievements of nearly 80,000 cured confirmed patients. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has made contributions to the treatment of COVID-19 because of its efficacy and comprehensive therapeutic theory. In this commentary, the advantage, etiology and mechanism of TCM therapy were discussed in the aspect of its functions in reducing the harms brought by COVID-19 to human beings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Ying Wang
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau
| | - Ying Xie
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau
| | - Hua Zhou
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau.
| | - Liang Liu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau.
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14
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Xia L, Shi Y, Su J, Friedemann T, Tao Z, Lu Y, Ling Y, Lv Y, Zhao R, Geng Z, Cui X, Lu H, Schröder S. Shufeng Jiedu, a promising herbal therapy for moderate COVID-19:Antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties, pathways of bioactive compounds, and a clinical real-world pragmatic study. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 85:153390. [PMID: 33158717 PMCID: PMC7581328 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shufeng Jiedu capsules (SFJDC), a patented herbal drug composed of eight medicinal plants, is used for the treatment of different viral respiratory tract infectious diseases. Based on its antiviral, anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory activity in acute lung injury, SFJDC might be a promising candidate for the treatment of COVID-19. PURPOSE To evaluate the antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties and to discover the mechanism of action of SFJDC as a potential drug for the treatment of COVID-19. Furthermore, the study should determine the clinical effectiveness of SFJDC for the treatment of COVID-19. DESIGN We analyzed the antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects of SFJDC in a HCoV-229E mouse model on lung index, virus load in the lung, the release of cytokines, and on T- and B-lymphocytes. The mechanism of action was further investigated by network analysis. Additionally, we investigated data from a clinical pragmatic real-world study for patients with confirmed COVID-19, to evaluate the clinical effect of SFJDC and to determine the best time to start the treatment. RESULTS SFJDC significantly reduced the virus load in the lung of HCoV-229E mice (from 1109.29 ± 696.75 to 0 ± 0 copies/ml), decreased inflammatory factors IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and IFN-γ in the lung, and increased the amount of CD4+ and CD8+ cells in the blood compared to the model group. Network analysis revealed that SFJDC reduces the activity of NFκB via several signaling pathways. Quercetin, wogonin, and polydatin bind directly to the main protease (Mpro) of SARS-CoV-2. Clinical data showed that SFJDC, added to standard antiviral therapy (AVD), significantly reduced the clinical recovery time of COVID-19 and fatigue (from 3.55 ± 4.09 to 1.19 ± 2.28 days) as well as cough (from 5.67 ± 5.64 to 3.47 ± 3.75) days compared to AVD alone. SFJDC therapy was significantly more effective when used within the first 8 days after the onset of symptoms. CONCLUSION SFJDC might be a promising drug for the treatment of COVID-19, but large-scale randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trials are needed to complement the real-world evidence. It might be beneficial to start SFJDC treatment as early as possible in suspected cases of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Xia
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, P.R. China.
| | - Yujing Shi
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100025, P.R. China.
| | - Jie Su
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, 201210, P.R. China.
| | - Thomas Friedemann
- HanseMerkur Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine at the University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, 20251, Germany.
| | - Zhenggang Tao
- Emergency Department, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Yunfei Lu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, P.R. China
| | - Yun Ling
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, P.R. China
| | - Ying Lv
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, P.R. China
| | - Ronghua Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100025, P.R. China
| | - Zihan Geng
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100025, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolan Cui
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100025, P.R. China.
| | - Hongzhou Lu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, P.R. China
| | - Sven Schröder
- HanseMerkur Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine at the University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, 20251, Germany.
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15
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Wei Y, Lin Y, Chen W, Liu S, Jin L, Huang D. Computational and In Vitro Analysis of Plumbagin's Molecular Mechanism for the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:594833. [PMID: 33912033 PMCID: PMC8072012 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.594833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common malignant tumor and the second leading cause of cancer-related death in the world. Plumbagin (PL) is a small molecule naphthoquinone compound isolated from Plumbago zeylanica L. that has important anticancer properties, but its mechanism requires further investigation. In this study, we used a comprehensive network pharmacology approach to study the mechanism of action of PL for the treatment of HCC. The method includes the construction of multiple networks; moreover, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed to identify biological processes and signaling pathways. Subsequently, in vitro experiments were performed to verify the predicted molecular mechanisms obtained from the network pharmacology-based analysis. Network pharmacological analysis showed that PL may exert anti-HCC effects by enhancing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production to generate oxidative stress and by regulating the PI3K/Akt and MAPK signaling pathways. In vitro experiments confirmed that PL mainly mediates the production of ROS, regulates the PI3K/Akt and MAPK signaling pathways to promote apoptosis and autophagy, and shows significant therapeutic effects on HCC. In conclusion, our work proposes a comprehensive systems pharmacology approach to explore the potential mechanism of PL for the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Wei
- Department of Physiology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Yuning Lin
- Department of Physiology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Wanjun Chen
- Department of Physiology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Shasha Liu
- Department of Physiology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Lijie Jin
- Department of Physiology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Delun Huang
- Department of Physiology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
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16
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Liao Q, Chen W, Tong Z, Xue M, Gu T, Yuan Y, Song Z, Tao Z. Shufeng Jiedu capsules protect rats against LPS-induced acute lung injury via activating NRF2-associated antioxidant pathway. Histol Histopathol 2021; 36:317-324. [PMID: 33346364 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Shufeng Jiedu capsule (SFJDC) is a traditional Chinese medicine, which has been used for the treatment of respiratory infections for more than thirty years in Hunan (China). SFJDC protected rats against LPS-induced acute lung injury (ALI); however, the molecular mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of SFJDC remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed at analyzing the major anti-inflammatory compounds of SFJDC and exploring the underlying molecular mechanisms. SFJDC dissolved in water was fingerprinted by UPLC/Q-TOF. Inflammation response was assessed by histopathological examination and ELISA assay. Arterial blood gases were also analyzed to evaluate the function of rat lungs. The expression levels of Kelch-like ECH-associating protein 1 (Keap1), Nrf2, heme oxygenase-1 (HO1), Cullin 3 (CUL3) and NQO1 were analyzed by Western blotting. Results indicated that SFJDC alleviated inflammation response by reducing the level of inflammatory cytokines, and upregulation of glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in lung tissues. Furthermore, SFJDC suppressed LPS-induced upregulation of Keap 1 and CUL3 in rat lungs. The expression of NRF2 HO1 and NQO1 were further upregulated by SFJDC in the presence of LPS, indicating that SFJDC might activate the NRF2-associated antioxidant pathway. In conclusion, SFJDC treatment may protect the rat lungs from LPS by alleviating the inflammation response via NRF2-associated antioxidant pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingwu Liao
- Department of Anesthesia, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenan Chen
- Emergency Department, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhufeng Tong
- Department of General Practice, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Anhui, China
| | - Mingming Xue
- Emergency Department, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianwen Gu
- Emergency Department, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Yuan
- Geriatrics Department, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenju Song
- Emergency Department, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengang Tao
- Emergency Department, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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17
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Ren H, Jiang Y, Wang S, Wang Y, Wang J. Efficacy and safety of Shufeng Jiedu Capsule in the treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e24198. [PMID: 33429809 PMCID: PMC7793378 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000024198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the outbreak of novel coronavirus, the treatment of respiratory diseases has been promoted. In particular, many traditional Chinese medicines, including Chinese patent medicines, have been found to be effective in the treatment of respiratory illness in China. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of most common respiratory condition. It is predicted that COPD will be become the third frequent cause of death by 2030. The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy and safety of Shufeng Jiedu Capsule in the treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). METHODS According to the search strategy, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of Shufeng Jiedu Capsule in the treatment of AECOPD were obtained from Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, Embase, CNKI, VIP, CBM, and WANGFANG. Studies were screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the Cochrane risk bias assessment tool was used to assess the quality of the study. Meta-analysis was performed using Revman 5.4 software. Finally, the evidence level of the results will be evaluated. RESULTS The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Shufeng Jiedu Capsule in the treatment of AECOPD, and to provide basis for clinical rational drug use. CONCLUSION Our research results of this study could provide reference for clinical decision-making and guiding development in the future COPD patient. INPLASY REGISTRATION NUMBER INPLASY2020120062.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijun Ren
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese medicine
- Chengdu Third People's Hospital
| | - Yuhao Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese medicine
| | - Shiyu Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese medicine
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18
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Xi ZC, Xu HX, Song ZJ, Nik Nabil W. Current global status and future development of traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019. WORLD JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/wjtcm.wjtcm_43_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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19
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Ma L, Song JN, Song YP, Zhao LT, Chen H. Efficacy and safety of Shufeng Jiedu capsule in the treatment of COVID-19: A protocol for systematic review and meta analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e23293. [PMID: 33327256 PMCID: PMC7738147 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000023293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic is spreading worldwide. Shufeng Jiedu capsule (SFJDC) is a commonly used drug in the treatment of COVID-19. However, there is insufficient evidence for clinical efficacy and safety. METHODS Two authors will independently search the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP database, Wanfang database, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, PubMed and Web of Science, in English and Chinese. All analysis will be performed based on the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Review Manager 5.3 and Stata 16.0 software will be used to analyze the eligible data. RESULTS This protocol will conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of literature listed above, and reliable outcomes about the clinical efficacy and safety of SFJDC in the treatment of COVID-19 will be obtained. CONCLUSIONS These findings will provide guidance for clinicians and patients using SFJDC for COVID-19 treatment. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020185764.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ma
- Pharmacy College, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ji-Ni Song
- Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, Arkansas
| | - Yan-Ping Song
- Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lin-Tao Zhao
- Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Pharmacy College, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
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20
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Patel S, Patel A, Patel M, Shah U, Patel M, Solanki N, Patel S. Review and Analysis of Massively Registered Clinical Trials of COVID-19 using the Text Mining Approach. Rev Recent Clin Trials 2020; 16:242-257. [PMID: 33267765 DOI: 10.2174/1574887115666201202110919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Immediately after the outbreak of nCoV, many clinical trials are registered for COVID-19. The numbers of registrations are now raising inordinately. It is challenging to understand which research areas are explored in this massive pool of clinical studies. If such information can be compiled, then it is easy to explore new research studies for possible contributions in COVID-19 research. METHODS In the present work, a text-mining technique of artificial intelligence is utilized to map the research domains explored through the clinical trials of COVID-19. With the help of the open-- source and graphical user interface-based tool, 3007 clinical trials are analyzed here. The dataset is acquired from the international clinical trial registry platform of WHO. With the help of hierarchical cluster analysis, the clinical trials were grouped according to their common research studies. These clusters are analyzed manually using their word clouds for understanding the scientific area of a particular cluster. The scientific fields of clinical studies are comprehensively reviewed and discussed based on this analysis. RESULTS More than three-thousand clinical trials are grouped in 212 clusters by hierarchical cluster analysis. Manual intervention of these clusters using their individual word-cloud helped to identify various scientific areas which are explored in COVID19 related clinical studies. CONCLUSION The text-mining is an easy and fastest way to explore many registered clinical trials. In our study, thirteen major clusters or research areas were identified in which the majority of clinical trials were registered. Many other uncategorized clinical studies were also identified as "miscellaneous studies". The clinical trials within the individual cluster were studied, and their research purposes are compiled comprehensively in the present work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swayamprakash Patel
- Ramanbhai Patel College of Pharmacy, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Vadodara, India
| | - Ashish Patel
- Ramanbhai Patel College of Pharmacy, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Vadodara, India
| | | | - Umang Shah
- Ramanbhai Patel College of Pharmacy, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Vadodara, India
| | - Mehul Patel
- Ramanbhai Patel College of Pharmacy, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Vadodara, India
| | - Nilay Solanki
- Ramanbhai Patel College of Pharmacy, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Vadodara, India
| | - Suchita Patel
- Institute of Science & Technology for Advanced Studies & Research (ISTAR), Sardar Patel University, Anand, India
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21
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Tao Z, Zhang L, Friedemann T, Yang G, Li J, Wen Y, Wang J, Shen A. Systematic analyses on the potential immune and anti-inflammatory mechanisms of Shufeng Jiedu Capsule against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-caused pneumonia. J Funct Foods 2020; 75:104243. [PMID: 33072190 PMCID: PMC7550105 DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A systematic study integrated is proposed to illustrate the potential immune and anti-inflammatory mechanisms of SFJDC against SARS-CoV-2. SFJDC regulates related targets, showing the potential anti-novel coronavirus effect. The work can provide a better understanding of the therapeutic mechanism of SFJDC for treating SARS-CoV-2.
The outbreak of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-caused pneumonia (Coronavirus disease −19, COVID-19), has resulted in a global health emergency. However, there is no vaccine or effective antiviral treatment against the newly emerged coronavirus and identifying the available therapeutics as soon as possible is critical for the response to the spread of SARS-CoV-2. Shufeng Jiedu Capsule (SFJDC), a well-known prescription of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in China, has been widely used in treating upper respiratory tract infections and acute lung injury, owing to its immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects. Despite the definite evidence of effective use of SFJDC in the diagnosis and treatment of pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2, the underlying action mechanism remains unknown. Currently, a systematic study integrated with absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) evaluation, target prediction, network construction and functional bioinformatics analyses is proposed to illustrate the potential immune and anti-inflammatory mechanisms of SFJDC against SARS-CoV-2. Additionally, to further validate the reliability of the interactions and binding affinities between drugs and targets, docking, Molecular dynamics Simulations (MD) simulations and Molecular Mechanics/Poisson-Boltzmann Surface Area approach (MM-PBSA) calculations were carried out. The results demonstrate that SFJDC regulates the immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory related targets on multiple pathways through its active ingredients, showing the potential anti-novel coronavirus effect. Overall, the work can provide a better understanding of the therapeutic mechanism of SFJDC for treating SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia from multi-scale perspectives, and may also offer a valuable clue for developing novel pharmaceutical strategies to control the current coronavirus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengang Tao
- Emergency Department, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China.,Anhui Provincial Cardiovascular Institute, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China
| | - Thomas Friedemann
- HanseMerkur Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine at the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Guangshan Yang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China
| | - Jinhu Li
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China
| | - Yaocai Wen
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China
| | - Jinghui Wang
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230038, China
| | - Aizong Shen
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China.,Anhui Provincial Cardiovascular Institute, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China
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22
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Liu Y, Yu Y, Dai H, Fei A. Efficacy of Shufeng Jiedu Capsules in the treatment of sepsis: A prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Eur J Integr Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2020.101172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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23
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Li C, Wang L, Ren L. Antiviral mechanisms of candidate chemical medicines and traditional Chinese medicines for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Virus Res 2020; 286:198073. [PMID: 32592817 PMCID: PMC7313518 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2020.198073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has rapidly become a global pandemic. Up to now, numerous medicines have been applied or approved for the prevention and control of the virus infection. However, the efficiency of each medicine or combination is completely different or still unknown. In this review, we discuss the types, characteristics, antiviral mechanisms, and shortcomings of recommended candidate medicines for SARS-CoV-2 infection, as well as perspectives of the drugs for the disease treatment, which may provide a theoretical basis for drug screening and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Li
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Military Veterinary Institute, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun, 130122, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Key Lab for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Linzhu Ren
- Key Lab for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
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24
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Zhuang W, Fan Z, Chu Y, Wang H, Yang Y, Wu L, Sun N, Sun G, Shen Y, Lin X, Guo G, Xi S. Chinese Patent Medicines in the Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1066. [PMID: 32848729 PMCID: PMC7396557 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging and rapidly evolving disease, with no recommended effective anti-coronavirus drug treatment. Traditional Chinese Patent Medicines (CPMs) have, however, been widely used to treat COVID-19 in China, and a number of clinical practice results have shown them to have a significant role in its treatment. Consequently, numerous guidelines and expert consensus have recommended the use of CPMs to treat COVID-19. Aim of the Study The objectives of this review are to provide up-to-date information on the pharmacology and clinical research on CPMs in the treatment of COVID-19, discuss the research findings, and to better guide clinical application and scientific research on CPMs in the treatment of COVID-19. Methods The frequencies of CPM recommendations by guidelines and expert consensus for treatment of COVID-19 in China were ranked. This report identifies the top 10 CPMs, which include Huoxiang Zhengqi capsule (HXZQC), Lianhua Qingwen capsule (LHQWC), Jinhua Qinggan granule (JHQGG), Shufeng Jiedu capsule (SFJDC), Tanreqing injection (TRQI), Xiyanping injection (XYPI), Xuebijing injection (XBJI), Shenfu injection (SFI), Shengmai injection (SMI), and Angong Niuhuang pill (AGNHP). Relevant studies from 2000 to 2020 on these top 10 CPMs, covering usage, dosage, mechanism, curative effect, and precautions, were collected from pharmacopoeia, reports, and theses via library and digital databases (including PubMed, CNKI, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Elsevier). Results The properties of the top 10 CPMs included antiviral, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic, anti-acute lung injury, anti-shock, immune regulation, and enhancement of pulmonary function. In addition, clinical research results and Chinese treatment data showed that the CPMs had good therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of COVID-19, and adverse reactions were minimal. Conclusions Knowledge of the characteristics of the top 10 CPMs and precautions that should be taken may help clinicians to rationally improve therapeutic efficacy, and promote the role of Chinese Medicine in the control of the COVID-19 global epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhuang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Fan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanqi Chu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Haizheng Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Mentougou District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Sun
- Pharmacy Department, Beijing Mentougou Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ge Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuqiao Shen
- Pharmaceutical Department, Guangdong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolan Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Guiming Guo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shengyan Xi
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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25
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Tu H, Tu S, Gao S, Shao A, Sheng J. Current epidemiological and clinical features of COVID-19; a global perspective from China. J Infect 2020; 81:1-9. [PMID: 32315723 PMCID: PMC7166041 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and represents a potentially fatal disease of great global public health importance. As of March 26, 2020, the outbreak of COVID-19 has resulted in 462,801 confirmed cases and 20,839 deaths globally, which is more than those caused by SARS and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) in 2003 and 2013, respectively. The epidemic has posed considerable challenges worldwide. Under a strict mechanism of massive prevention and control, China has seen a rapid decrease in new cases of coronavirus; however, the global situation remains serious. Additionally, the origin of COVID-19 has not been determined and no specific antiviral treatment or vaccine is currently available. Based on the published data, this review systematically discusses the etiology, epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and current intervention measures related to COVID-19 in the hope that it may provide a reference for future studies and aid in the prevention and control of the COVID-19 epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huilan Tu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Sheng Tu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shiqi Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Anwen Shao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China,Corresponding authors
| | - Jifang Sheng
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China,Corresponding authors
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26
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Tao Z, Chen J, Su J, Wu S, Yuang Y, Yao H, Wong CC, Lu H. Quantitative Proteomics Analysis of Systemic Responses and Biological Mechanisms of ShuFengJieDu Capsule Using H1N1-Infected RAW264.7 Cells. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:15417-15423. [PMID: 32637816 PMCID: PMC7331074 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) are a significant burden on global economies and public health to any country in the world. With the extensive application of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) for EID treatment, the underlying molecular mechanisms have caught more attention than before. The ShuFengJieDu capsule (abbreviated as SFJD) is a TCM prescription used for treating upper respiratory infection (URI) with symptoms of fever, sore throat, headaches, nasal congestion, and cough for more than 30 years in China. SFJD is also widely used for the prevention and treatment of viral infectious diseases, especially for the EIDs. In this study, a bioactivity-integrated method of ultraperformance liquid chromatography quadrapole/time-of-flight mass spectrometry combined with methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay was applied to screen potential antivirus compounds in SFJD on the H1N1-infected RAW264.7 cell models. Three compounds (forsythoside E, verbenalin, and emodin) exert the advantages of protective effects in cell vitality during H1N1 infection. The isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ)-coupled liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis and the subsequent quantitative proteome analysis were performed to investigate the potential molecular mechanisms triggered by these three bioactive compound-triggered molecular mechanisms in H1N1-infected RAW264.7 cells. Dysregulated proteins were involved in regulating the levels of proinflammatory cytokines, the IFN (interferon)-stimulated gene signal in the Type I IFN, TBK/IRF3, and MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathways. In conclusion, we identified the main bioactive compounds in SFJD exerting antiviral effects and illuminated that Type I IFN and MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathways are involved in the anti-H1N1 infection effects of SFJD. Our study not only provides solid theoretical support for the clinic application of SFJD but also sheds light on the novel research methods for TCM study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengang Tao
- Department
of Emergency, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department
of Infectious Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jie Su
- Shanghai
Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Shifei Wu
- Center
for Precision Medicine Multiomics Research, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ying Yuang
- Department
of Presbyatrics, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hebing Yao
- Shanghai
Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Catherine C.L. Wong
- Center
for Precision Medicine Multiomics Research, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
- . Fax: +86-2077-8073
| | - Hongzhou Lu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Department
of Infectious Disease, Huashan Hospital
Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- . Fax: +86-2077-8881
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27
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Liu CX. Pay attention to situation of SARS-CoV-2 and TCM advantages in treatment of novel coronavirus infection. CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES 2020; 12:97-103. [PMID: 32518555 PMCID: PMC7270776 DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2020.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the outbreak of the new coronavirus epidemic, novel coronavirus has infected nearly 100,000 people in more than 110 countries. How to face this new coronavirus epidemic outbreak is an important issue. Basic reproduction number (R0) is an important parameter in epidemiology; The basic reproduction number of an infection can be thought of as the expected number of cases directly generated by one case in a population where all individuals are susceptible to infection. Epidemiology dynamics is a mathematical model based on a susceptibility-infection-recovery epidemic model. Researchers analyzed the epidemiological benefits of different transmission rates for the establishment of effective strategy in prevention and control strategies for epidemic infectious diseases. In this review, the early use of TCM for light and ordinary patients, can rapidly improve symptoms, shorten hospitalization days and reduce severe cases transformed from light and normal. Many TCM formulas and products have wide application in treating infectious and non-infectious diseases. The TCM theoretical system of treating epidemic diseases with TCM and the treatment scheme of integrated Chinese and Western medicine have proved their effectiveness in clinical practice. TCM can cure COVID-19 pneumonia, and also shows that the role of TCM in blocking the progress of COVID-19 pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Xiao Liu
- Innovation Research Station, Research Center of Modern Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin 300462, China.,State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin 300462, China.,Tianjin Binhai Research Center for Food and Drug Regulatory Science, Tianjin 300462, China
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28
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Mei J, Kong H, Zhao Z, Chen Z, Wang Y, Yang J. Shufengjiedu capsules protect against neuronal loss in olfactory epithelium and lung injury by enhancing autophagy in rats with allergic rhinitis. Biosci Trends 2019; 13:530-538. [PMID: 31866616 DOI: 10.5582/bst.2019.01332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Shufengjiedu capsules (SFJDCs), a traditional Chinese medicine, have been widely used as an antiviral, antibacterial, antitumor, and anti-inflammatory drug. However, the roles of SFJDCs in allergic rhinitis remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of SFJDCs in olfaction and lung injury in rats with allergic rhinitis. An animal model of allergic rhinitis was created by intraperitoneal injection and intranasal administration of ovalbumin to rats. All rats were divided into seven groups: a model group, a low-dose SFJDC group, a medium-dose SFJDC group, a high-dose SFJDC group, a cetirizine group, and a control group. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining was used to observe pathological changes in rat lung and olfactory epithelium (OE) tissue, and peripheral blood was collected and subjected to an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect IgE, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and IL-1ꞵ levels. Western blotting, immunohistochemistry staining, and immunofluorescence staining were performed to detect inflammatory cytokines and levels of the autophagy biomarker beclin1 and the apoptosis biomarker cleaeved-caspased3 in lung and OE tissue. ELISA indicated that SFJDCs significantly decreased IgE, TNF-α, and IL-1ꞵ levels in peripheral blood, the lungs, and OE tissue. In addition, Western blotting and staining indicated that SFJDCs repair lung injury, protect against neuronal apoptosis in OE, and rescue impaired autophagy in the lungs and OE tissue. In conclusion, results indicated that SFJDCs might protect against neuronal loss in the OE and lung injury by enhancing autophagy and decreasing apoptosis in rats with allergic rhinitis. Therefore, SFJDCs might serve as an alternative treatment for allergic rhinitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyu Mei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hua Kong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhentao Zhao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ziyu Chen
- The Second Clinical College of Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yatang Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jianming Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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29
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Ji S, Bai Q, Wu X, Zhang DW, Wang S, Shen JL, Fei GH. Unique synergistic antiviral effects of Shufeng Jiedu Capsule and oseltamivir in influenza A viral-induced acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 121:109652. [PMID: 31734578 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to investigate the synergistic effects and interactive mechanisms of Shufeng Jiedu Capsule (SFJDC) combined with oseltamivir in the treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) induced by the influenza A virus (IAV). METHODS The extraction of SFJDC was analyzed by UHPLC/ESI Q-Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry. Human bronchial epithelial cells were isolated from COPD (DHBE) bronchial tissues, co-cultured with IAV for 24 h, and were subsequently treated with SFJDC and/or oseltamivir. Cell viability was detected by MTT assay. A rat model of COPD with IAV infection was established and treated with SFJDC and/or oseltamivir. Interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were measured by ELISA. Additionally, mRNA and protein levels of NLRP3 inflammasome pathway were measured by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting, respectively. RESULTS SFJDC and/or oseltamivir, at their optimal concentrations, had no significant cytotoxicity against DHBEs. The levels of NLRP3-inflammasome-associated components were significantly elevated after cells were inoculated with IAV, whereas the mRNA and protein levels of these components were significantly decreased after treatment with SFJDC and/or oseltamivir in vitro. Moreover, in vivo, the combination of SFJDC and oseltamivir improved survival rates, attenuated clinical symptoms, induced weight gain, alleviated lung damage, and significantly reduced IL-1β and IL-18 levels in serum and BALF, as well as reduced the expression levels of NLRP3-associated components and viral titers in lung homogenates. CONCLUSION SFJDC combined with oseltamivir treatment significantly attenuated IAV-induced airway inflammation and lung viral titers. Hence, our findings may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for IAV-induced respiratory infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Ji
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui Province, PR China
| | - Qin Bai
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui Province, PR China
| | - Xu Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui Province, PR China
| | - Da-Wei Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui Province, PR China
| | - Sheng Wang
- The Center for Scientific Research of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, PR China
| | - Ji-Long Shen
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Provincial Laboratories of Pathogen Biology and Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, PR China
| | - Guang-He Fei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui Province, PR China.
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30
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Combining use of Phillyrin and autophagy blocker alleviates laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma via AMPK/mTOR/p70S6K signaling. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20190459. [PMID: 31147451 PMCID: PMC6616054 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20190459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Phillyrin (PHN), one of the major active constituents of Forsythia suspensa and F. koreana, has been reported to produce antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-obesity and anti-inflammatory effects. However, no study has demonstrated the role of PHN in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). We aimed to investigate the effects of PHN on the proliferation and apoptosis of HEp-2 cells. In the present study, PHN alone showed little effect on HEp-2 cell proliferation and apoptosis. Subsequent tests showed that PHN could largely enhance the level of autophagy on HEp-2 cells. Combining use of PHN and autophagy blockers including 3-methyladenine (3-MA) and chloroquine (CQ) significantly inhibited HEp-2 cell proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner and induced apoptosis after 24 h in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, we found that the possible underlying molecular mechanism of PHN-induced autophagy might be through the AMPK/mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathway. Taken together, our study indicates that combining use of PHN and autophagy blockers may serve as a novel strategy in LSCC treatment.
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31
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Sawakami T, Xia J, Song P. Researchers of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease gathered at the 2017 Japan-China Joint Medical Workshop on Aging and Health. Biosci Trends 2018; 11:706-709. [PMID: 29311453 DOI: 10.5582/bst.2017.01323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
As the number of elderly and the size of the total population increase, population aging will become a major problem because of an increase in diseases associated with aging, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The 2017 Japan-China Joint Medical Workshop on Aging and Health was held at The University of Tokyo on December 2, 2017 with a focus on management of COPD. More than 50 experts in the fields of respiratory medicine, emergency medicine, traditional Chinese medicine, and Kampo (traditional Japanese medicine) from Japan and China presented the results of their research and shared their experiences treating COPD from different perspectives. Guidelines for diagnosis and management of COPD in different countries were described at the workshop, and advances in recent research into the treatment of COPD with Kampo and traditional Chinese medicine were fully discussed. The results of the workshop should help to improve GOLD guidelines and they should greatly help to optimize COPD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jufeng Xia
- Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo
| | - Peipei Song
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo.,Shanghai Health Development Research Center, Shanghai Medical Information Center
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32
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Huang H, Zhang G, Zhou Y, Lin C, Chen S, Lin Y, Mai S, Huang Z. Reverse Screening Methods to Search for the Protein Targets of Chemopreventive Compounds. Front Chem 2018; 6:138. [PMID: 29868550 PMCID: PMC5954125 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This article is a systematic review of reverse screening methods used to search for the protein targets of chemopreventive compounds or drugs. Typical chemopreventive compounds include components of traditional Chinese medicine, natural compounds and Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs. Such compounds are somewhat selective but are predisposed to bind multiple protein targets distributed throughout diverse signaling pathways in human cells. In contrast to conventional virtual screening, which identifies the ligands of a targeted protein from a compound database, reverse screening is used to identify the potential targets or unintended targets of a given compound from a large number of receptors by examining their known ligands or crystal structures. This method, also known as in silico or computational target fishing, is highly valuable for discovering the target receptors of query molecules from terrestrial or marine natural products, exploring the molecular mechanisms of chemopreventive compounds, finding alternative indications of existing drugs by drug repositioning, and detecting adverse drug reactions and drug toxicity. Reverse screening can be divided into three major groups: shape screening, pharmacophore screening and reverse docking. Several large software packages, such as Schrödinger and Discovery Studio; typical software/network services such as ChemMapper, PharmMapper, idTarget, and INVDOCK; and practical databases of known target ligands and receptor crystal structures, such as ChEMBL, BindingDB, and the Protein Data Bank (PDB), are available for use in these computational methods. Different programs, online services and databases have different applications and constraints. Here, we conducted a systematic analysis and multilevel classification of the computational programs, online services and compound libraries available for shape screening, pharmacophore screening and reverse docking to enable non-specialist users to quickly learn and grasp the types of calculations used in protein target fishing. In addition, we review the main features of these methods, programs and databases and provide a variety of examples illustrating the application of one or a combination of reverse screening methods for accurate target prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbin Huang
- Key Laboratory for Medical Molecular Diagnostics of Guangdong Province, Dongguan Scientific Research Center, Guangdong Medical University Dongguan, China.,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Medical University Dongguan, China
| | - Guigui Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Medical Molecular Diagnostics of Guangdong Province, Dongguan Scientific Research Center, Guangdong Medical University Dongguan, China.,School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University Dongguan, China
| | - Yuquan Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Medical Molecular Diagnostics of Guangdong Province, Dongguan Scientific Research Center, Guangdong Medical University Dongguan, China.,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Medical University Dongguan, China
| | - Chenru Lin
- Key Laboratory for Medical Molecular Diagnostics of Guangdong Province, Dongguan Scientific Research Center, Guangdong Medical University Dongguan, China.,School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University Dongguan, China
| | - Suling Chen
- Key Laboratory for Medical Molecular Diagnostics of Guangdong Province, Dongguan Scientific Research Center, Guangdong Medical University Dongguan, China.,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Medical University Dongguan, China
| | - Yutong Lin
- Key Laboratory for Medical Molecular Diagnostics of Guangdong Province, Dongguan Scientific Research Center, Guangdong Medical University Dongguan, China.,School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University Dongguan, China
| | - Shangkang Mai
- Key Laboratory for Medical Molecular Diagnostics of Guangdong Province, Dongguan Scientific Research Center, Guangdong Medical University Dongguan, China.,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Medical University Dongguan, China
| | - Zunnan Huang
- Key Laboratory for Medical Molecular Diagnostics of Guangdong Province, Dongguan Scientific Research Center, Guangdong Medical University Dongguan, China.,School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University Dongguan, China
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33
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Sun HY, Huang MZ, Mo ZQ, Chen LS, Chen G, Yang M, Ni LY, Li YW, Dan XM. Characterization and expression patterns of ERK1 and ERK2 from Epinephelus coioides against Cryptocaryon irritans infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 74:393-400. [PMID: 29292199 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.12.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), a group of serine-threonine protein kinases, play a crucial role in immunoreaction response to extra environmental stresses. In this study, two novel MAPKs, Ec-ERK1 and Ec-ERK2, were identified from Epinephelus coioides. Both Ec-ERK1 and Ec-ERK2 sequences contain a highly conserved Thr-Glu-Tyr (TEY) motif, an HRD domain, and an ATP binding loop containing GXGXXG. An analysis of phylogenetic relationships demonstrated that ERK amino acid sequences were conserved between different species indicating that the functions may be similar. Ec-ERK1 and Ec-ERK2 mRNA can be detected in all thirteen tissues examined, but the expression level is different in these tissues. The expression patterns of these two genes in E. coioides were also detected against Cryptocaryon irritans infection, which is capable of killing large numbers of fish in a short time and has a serious impact on aquaculture. The expression was up-regulated in most of the tissues examined, with the highest expressions of Ec-ERK1 (3.9 times) occurring in the head kidney and Ec-ERK2 (3.5 times) occurring in the spleen. There was no significant correlation between the expression of Ec-ERK1/Ec-ERK2 and the expression of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kB). The results indicated the sequences and the characters of Ec-ERK1/ERK2 were conserved, Ec-ERK1/ERK2 showed tissue-specific expression patterns in healthy grouper, and their expressions were significantly varied post C. irritans infection, suggesting Ec-ERK1/ERK2 may play important roles in these tissues during pathogen-caused inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yan Sun
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Mian-Zhi Huang
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Ze-Quan Mo
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Liang-Shi Chen
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Guo Chen
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Man Yang
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Lu-Yun Ni
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Yan-Wei Li
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China.
| | - Xue-Ming Dan
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China.
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