1
|
Lin G, Zhao L, Lin J, Li X, Xu L. Clinical evidence of hyperbaric oxygen therapy for Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1360148. [PMID: 38577491 PMCID: PMC10991696 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1360148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the potential benefits of hyperbaric oxygen intervention on people with Alzheimer's disease (AD) based on the existing randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Methods A systematic search was conducted in nine databases until November 17, 2023, for RCTs assessing the effect of hyperbaric oxygen intervention for AD. The primary outcomes included Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive (ADAS-Cog), activities of daily living (ADL), and adverse events. All results were shown in forest plots, and sensitivity analysis was adopted to further verify the robustness of the pooled results. Results A total of 11 RCTs recruiting 847 participants were included in this meta-analysis. Based on the pooled evidence, hyperbaric oxygen could remarkably ameliorate MMSE [MD = 3.08, 95%CI (2.56, 3.61), p < 0.00001], ADAS-Cog [MD = -4.53, 95%CI (-5.05, -4.00), p < 0.00001], ADL [MD = 10.12, 95%CI (4.46, 15.79), p = 0.0005], MDA levels [SMD = -2.83, 95%CI (-5.27, -0.38), p = 0.02], SOD levels [SMD = 2.12, 95%CI (1.10, 3.15), p < 0.0001], IL-1-β levels [SMD = -1.00, 95%CI (-1.48, -0.53), p < 0.0001], and TGF-β1 levels [MD = 4.87, 95%CI (3.98, 5.76), p < 0.00001] without adverse events [OR = 1.17, 95%CI (0.68, 2.03), p = 0.58] for people with AD. The pooled results were robust after checking by sensitivity analysis. Conclusion These evidences suggest that hyperbaric oxygen is an effective and safe intervention for the treatment of AD. Further studies with more rigorous design will help to fully evaluate the clinical value of hyperbaric oxygen on cognition function in people with AD. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk, identifier CRD42023483726.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Lianwei Xu
- Department of Gynecology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhao R, Zhou X, Zhao Z, Liu W, Lv M, Zhang Z, Wang C, Li T, Yang Z, Wan Q, Xu R, Cui Y. Farrerol Alleviates Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Promoting Neuronal Survival and Reducing Neuroinflammation. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04031-9. [PMID: 38376762 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04031-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a key influencing factor in the outcome of stroke. Inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and neuronal apoptosis are among the main factors that affect the progression of I/R injury. Farrerol (FAR) is a natural compound that can effectively inhibit the inflammatory response and oxidative stress. However, the role of FAR in cerebral I/R injury remains unknown. In this study, we found that FAR reduced brain injury and neuronal viability after cerebral I/R injury. Meanwhile, administration of FAR also reduced the inflammatory response of microglia after brain injury. Mechanistically, FAR treatment directly reduced neuronal death after oxygen glucose deprivation/re-oxygenation (OGD/R) through enhancing cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) activation to increase the expression of downstream neurotrophic factors and anti-apoptotic genes. Moreover, FAR decreased the activation of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways, inhibited microglia activation, and reduced the production of inflammatory cytokines in microglia after OGD/R treatment or LPS stimulation. The compromised inflammatory response by FAR directly promoted the survival of neurons after OGD/R. In conclusion, FAR exerted a protective effect on cerebral I/R injury by directly decreasing neuronal death through upregulating CREB expression and attenuating neuroinflammation. Therefore, FAR could be a potentially effective drug for the treatment of cerebral I/R injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhao
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Jiangsu Road 16, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
- Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Institute of Neuroregeneration and Neurorehabilitation, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road 308, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
- Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhao
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Jiangsu Road 16, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
- Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Wenhao Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Jiangsu Road 16, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
- Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Mengfei Lv
- Institute of Neuroregeneration and Neurorehabilitation, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road 308, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
- Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Zhaolong Zhang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Jiangsu Road 16, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Changxin Wang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Jiangsu Road 16, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
- Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Tianli Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Jiangsu Road 16, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
- Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Zixiong Yang
- Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Qi Wan
- Institute of Neuroregeneration and Neurorehabilitation, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road 308, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Rui Xu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Jiangsu Road 16, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China.
- Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Yu Cui
- Institute of Neuroregeneration and Neurorehabilitation, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road 308, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China.
- Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu XJ, Su HG, Peng XR, Bi HC, Qiu MH. An updated review of the genus Rhododendron since 2010: Traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacology. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2024; 217:113899. [PMID: 37866447 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2023.113899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Rhododendron, the largest genus of Ericaceae, consists of approximately 1000 species that are widely distributed in Europe, Asia, and North America but mainly exist in Asia. Rhododendron plants have not only good ornamental and economic value but also significant medicinal potential. In China, many Rhododendron plants are used as traditional Chinese medicine or ethnic medicine for the treatment of respiratory diseases, pain, bleeding and inflammation. Rhododendron is known for its abundant metabolites, especially diterpenoids. In the past 13 years, a total of 610 chemical constituents were reported from Rhododendron plants, including 222 diterpenoids, 122 triterpenoids, 103 meroterpenoids, 71 flavonoids and 92 other constituents (lignans, phenylpropanoids, phenolic acids, monoterpenoids, sesquiterpenoids, coumarins, steroids, fatty acids). Moreover, the bioactivities of various extracts and isolates, both in vitro and in vivo, were also investigated. Our review summarized the research progress of Rhododendron regarding traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology in the past 13 years (2010 to December 2022), which will provide new insight for prompting further research on Rhododendron application and drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Jian Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Hai-Guo Su
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, 650201, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xing-Rong Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Hui-Chang Bi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Ming-Hua Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, 650201, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bulacios G, Cataldo PG, Naja JR, de Chaves EP, Taranto MP, Minahk CJ, Hebert EM, Saavedra ML. Improvement of Key Molecular Events Linked to Alzheimer's Disease Pathology Using Postbiotics. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:48042-48049. [PMID: 38144080 PMCID: PMC10734025 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c06805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
In the past 50 years, life expectancy has increased by more than 20 years. One consequence of this increase in longevity is the rise of age-related diseases such as dementia. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, accounting for 60-70% of cases. AD pathogenesis is not restricted to the neuronal compartment but includes strong interactions with other brain cells, particularly microglia triggering the release of inflammatory mediators, which contribute to disease progression and severity. There is growing evidence revealing the diverse clinical benefits of postbiotics in many prevalent conditions, including neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we tested the ability of bacterial conditioned media (BCM) derived from selected lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains to regulate core mechanisms relevant to AD pathophysiology in the microglia cell line BV-2. Levilactobacillus brevis CRL 2013, chosen for its efficient production of the neurotransmitter GABA, and Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis CRL 581, known for its anti-inflammatory properties, were selected alongside Enterococcus mundtii CRL 35, a LAB strain that can significantly modulate cytokine production. BCM from all 3 strains displayed antioxidant capabilities, reducing oxidative stress triggered by beta-amyloid oligomers (oAβ1-42). Additionally, BCM effectively mitigated the expression of inflammatory cytokines, namely, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 triggered by oAβ1-42. Furthermore, our study identified that BCM from CRL 581 inhibit the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), a crucial enzyme in AD progression, in both human erythrocytes and mouse brain tissues. Notably, the inhibitory effect was mediated by low-molecular-weight components of the BCM. L. delbrueckii subsp. lactis CRL 581 emerged as a favorable candidate for production of postbiotics with potential benefits for AD therapy since it demonstrated potent antioxidant activity, reduction of cytokine expression, and partial AChE inhibition. On the other hand, E. mundtii CRL 35 showed that the antioxidant activity failed to inhibit AChE and caused induction of iNOS expression, rendering it unsuitable as a potential therapeutic for AD. This study unveils the potential benefits of LAB-derived postbiotics for the development of new avenues for therapeutic interventions for AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela
Agustina Bulacios
- Laboratorio
de Genética y Biología Molecular,CERELA-CONICET, Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos, Chacabuco 145, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán T4000ILC, Argentina
| | - Pablo Gabriel Cataldo
- Laboratorio
de Tecnología, CERELA-CONICET, Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos,
Chacabuco 145, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán T4000ILC, Argentina
| | - Johana Romina Naja
- Laboratorio
de Genética y Biología Molecular,CERELA-CONICET, Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos, Chacabuco 145, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán T4000ILC, Argentina
| | - Elena Posse de Chaves
- Departments
of Pharmacology and Medicine and the Centre for Neuroscience, Faculty
of Medicine and Dentistry, University of
Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - María Pía Taranto
- Laboratorio
de Tecnología, CERELA-CONICET, Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos,
Chacabuco 145, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán T4000ILC, Argentina
| | - Carlos Javier Minahk
- Instituto
Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas, Chacabuco, San Miguel de Tucumán 461, Argentina
| | - Elvira María Hebert
- Laboratorio
de Tecnología, CERELA-CONICET, Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos,
Chacabuco 145, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán T4000ILC, Argentina
| | - María Lucila Saavedra
- Laboratorio
de Genética y Biología Molecular,CERELA-CONICET, Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos, Chacabuco 145, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán T4000ILC, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li Y, Wang T, Sun P, Zhu W, Chen Y, Chen M, Yang X, Du X, Zhao Y. Farrerol Alleviates Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy by Inhibiting Ferroptosis in Neonatal Rats via the Nrf2 Pathway. Physiol Res 2023; 72:511-520. [PMID: 37795893 PMCID: PMC10634562 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.935040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Farrerol (FA) is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine known for its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties in various diseases. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent oxidative stress-induced cell death. It is characterized by lipid peroxidation and glutathione depletion and is involved in neuronal injury. However, the role of FA in inhibiting ferroptosis in hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) and its underlying mechanisms are not yet completely elucidated. This study aimed to investigate whether FA could mediate ferroptosis and explore its function and molecular mechanism in HIE. A neonatal rat model of HIE was used, and rats were treated with FA, ML385 (a specific inhibitor of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 [Nrf2]), or a combination of both. Neurological deficits, infarction volume, brain water content, pathological changes, and iron ion accumulation in the brain tissues were measured using the Zea-Longa scoring system and triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC), hematoxylin-eosin (HE), and Perls' staining. The expression levels of GSH-Px, MDA, SOD, and ROS in brain tissues were also evaluated. Western blot analysis was performed to analyze the expression of the Nrf2 pathway and ferroptosis-related proteins. The results showed that FA administration significantly reduced neuronal damage, infarct volume, cerebral edema, and iron ion accumulation and inhibited MDA and ROS levels while promoting GSH-Px and SOD levels. FA also increased the expression levels of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11), Nrf2, and HO-1. Moreover, the combination of ML385 and FA in HIE abolished the FA protective effects. Therefore, the study concludes that FA exerts a neuroprotective effect after HIE by inhibiting oxidative stress and ferroptosis via the Nrf2 signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Li
- Department of Science and education, Pu'er People's Hospital, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sidiropoulou GA, Metaxas A, Kourti M. Natural antioxidants that act against Alzheimer's disease through modulation of the NRF2 pathway: a focus on their molecular mechanisms of action. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1217730. [PMID: 37465125 PMCID: PMC10351420 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1217730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Characterized by a complex pathophysiology that includes the intraneuronal formation of neurofibrillary tangles and the extracellular deposition of β-amyloid plaques, Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a terminal neurodegenerative disease that causes dementia in older adults. Oxidative stress in the brain is considered as one of the contributing factors to the pathogenesis of AD, and thus, antioxidants have attracted much interest as potential therapeutic agents against the disorder. Natural antioxidants are typically characterized by low acute and chronic toxicity, which facilitates their potential therapeutic application. One important molecular target for the beneficial effects of natural antioxidants is the nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-related factor 2 (NFE2L2/NRF2). NRF2 is a key transcription factor that orchestrates the cellular antioxidant response through regulating the expression of oxidative stress-related genes harboring the antioxidant response element (ARE) in their promoters. Indeed, in the case of excessive oxidative damage, NRF2 migrates to the nucleus and binds to ARE, activating the transcription of antioxidant protector genes. There is increasing evidence that NRF2 is implicated in AD pathology through dysfunction and altered localization, which renders it as a potential therapeutic target for AD. Thus, this review summarizes the most recent (2018-2023) advances on the NRF2-modulating activity of natural antioxidants observed in vitro and in AD animal models. This information will help elucidate the molecular mechanisms governing the antioxidant activity of such phytochemicals to highlight their therapeutic potential against common neurodegenerative diseases, such as AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grammatiki Alexandra Sidiropoulou
- Angiogenesis and Cancer Drug Discovery Group, Basic and Translational Cancer Research Centre, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Athanasios Metaxas
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Malamati Kourti
- Angiogenesis and Cancer Drug Discovery Group, Basic and Translational Cancer Research Centre, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang W, Wang M, Song Z, Fu Q, Chen J, Zhang W, Gao S, Sun X, Yang G, Zhang Q, Yang J, Tang H, Wang H, Kou X, Wang H, Mao Z, Xu X, Gao S, Jiang Y. Farrerol directly activates the deubiqutinase UCHL3 to promote DNA repair and reprogramming when mediated by somatic cell nuclear transfer. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1838. [PMID: 37012254 PMCID: PMC10070447 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37576-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Farrerol, a natural flavanone, promotes homologous recombination (HR) repair to improve genome-editing efficiency, but the specific protein that farrerol directly targets to regulate HR repair and the underlying molecular mechanisms have not been determined. Here, we find that the deubiquitinase UCHL3 is the direct target of farrerol. Mechanistically, farrerol enhanced the deubiquitinase activity of UCHL3 to promote RAD51 deubiquitination, thereby improving HR repair. Importantly, we find that embryos of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) exhibited defective HR repair, increased genomic instability and aneuploidy, and that the farrerol treatment post nuclear transfer enhances HR repair, restores transcriptional and epigenetic network, and promotes SCNT embryo development. Ablating UCHL3 significantly attenuates farrerol-mediated stimulation in HR and SCNT embryo development. In summary, we identify farrerol as an activator of the deubiquitinase UCHL3, highlighted the importance of HR and epigenetic changes in SCNT reprogramming and provide a feasible method to promote SCNT efficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weina Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, 200092, Shanghai, China
- Tsingtao Advanced Research Institute, Tongji University, 266071, Qingdao, China
| | - Mingzhu Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, 200092, Shanghai, China
- Jiaxing University Affiliated Women and Children Hospital, 314000, Jiaxing, China
| | - Zhiwei Song
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, 200092, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianzheng Fu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, 200092, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayu Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, 200092, Shanghai, China
| | - Weitao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 210009, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuai Gao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the MARA, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Sun
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, 200092, Shanghai, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, 200092, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the MARA, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaqing Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, 200092, Shanghai, China
| | - Huanyin Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, 200092, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, 200092, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaochen Kou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, 200092, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, 200092, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiyong Mao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, 200092, Shanghai, China.
- Tsingtao Advanced Research Institute, Tongji University, 266071, Qingdao, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 210009, Nanjing, China.
| | - Xiaojun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 210009, Nanjing, China.
| | - Shaorong Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, 200092, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ying Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, 200092, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
He J, Xu D, Wang L, Yu X. Farrerol prevents Angiotensin II-induced cardiac remodeling in vivo and in vitro. Front Pharmacol 2023; 13:1079251. [PMID: 36686707 PMCID: PMC9846078 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1079251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease has become the primary disease that threatens human health and is considered the leading cause of death. Cardiac remodeling, which is associated with cardiovascular disease, mainly manifests as cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Farrerol plays an important role in treating conditions such as inflammation, endothelial injury and tumors, and we speculated that Farrerol may also play an important role in mitigating cardiac hypertrophy and remodeling. We established a model of myocardial remodeling using Angiotensin II (Ang II) with concurrent intraperitoneal injection of Farrerol as an intervention. We used cardiac ultrasound, immunohistochemistry, Immunofluorescence, Wheat Germ Agglutinin, Dihydroethidium, Western Blot, qPCR and other methods to detect the role of Farrerol in cardiac remodeling. The results showed that Farrerol inhibited Ang II-induced cardiac hypertrophy; decreased the ratio of heart weight to tibia length in mice; reduced inflammation, fibrosis, and oxidative stress; and reduced the size of cardiomyocytes in vivo. Farrerol inhibited Ang II-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, levels of oxidative stress, and the proliferation and migration of fibroblast in vitro. Our results revealed that Farrerol could inhibit Ang II-induced cardiac remodeling. Farrerol may therefore be a candidate drug for the treatment of myocardial remodeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian He
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China,*Correspondence: Jian He, ; Xiaohong Yu,
| | - Dengyue Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaohong Yu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China,*Correspondence: Jian He, ; Xiaohong Yu,
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Li N, Pang Q, Zhang Y, Lin J, Li H, Li Z, Liu Y, Fang X, An Y, Bai H, Li D, Cao Z, Liu J, Yang Q, Hu S. Ginsenoside ompound K reduces neuronal damage and improves neuronal synaptic dysfunction by targeting Aβ. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1103012. [PMID: 36873999 PMCID: PMC9977807 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1103012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative condition worldwide, with amyloid ß (Aβ) fibrils presenting as its main pathological feature. This study investigated whether Ginsenoside Compound K (CK) has activity against Aβ and its mechanism in reducing synaptic damage and cognitive impairment. Methods: The binding capacity of CK to Aβ42 and Nrf2/Keap1 was determined using molecular docking. Transmission electron microscopy was used to monitor CK-mediated degradation of Aβ fibrils. The effect of CK on the survival of Aβ42-damaged HT22 cells was determined using a CCK-8 assay. The therapeutic efficacy of CK in a scopoletin hydrobromide (SCOP) induced cognitive dysfunction mouse model was measured using a step-down passive avoidance test. GO enrichment analysis of mouse brain tissue was peformed using Genechip. Hydroxyl radical scavenging and reactive oxygen species assays were performed to verify the antioxidant activity of CK. The effects of CK on the expression of Aβ42, the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway, and other proteins were determined by western blotting, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry. Results: Molecular docking results showed that CK interacts with Lys16 and Glu3 of Aβ42. CK reduced the aggregation of Aβ42 as observed using transmission electron microscopy. CK increased the level of insulin-degrading enzyme and decreased the levels ß-secretase and γ-secretase; therefore, it can potentially inhibit the accumulation of Aβ in neuronal extracellular space in vivo. CK improved cognitive impairment and increased postsynaptic density protein 95 and synaptophysin expression levels in mice with SCOP-induced cognitive dysfunction. Further, CK inhibited the expression of cytochrome C, Caspase-3, and cleaved Caspase-3. Based on Genechip data, CK was found to regulate molecular functions such as oxygen binding, peroxidase activity, hemoglobin binding, and oxidoreductase activity, thus affecting the production of oxidative free radicals in neurons. Further, CK regulated the expression of the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway through its interaction with the Nrf2/Keap1 complex. Conclusion: Our findings show that CK regulates the balance between Aβ monomers production and clearance, CK binds to Aβ monomer to inhibits the accumulation of Aβ, increases the level of Nrf2 in neuronal nuclei, reduces oxidative damage of neurons, improves synaptic function, thus ultimately protecting neurons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Qihang Pang
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Yanhong Zhang
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Jianan Lin
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of General Surgery, Qian Wei Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Yaxin Liu
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Xingyu Fang
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Yu An
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Haonan Bai
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Dianyu Li
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Zhanhong Cao
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Shaodan Hu
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Antioxidant, Anti-Apoptotic, and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Farrerol in a Mouse Model of Obstructive Uropathy. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:337-352. [PMID: 36661510 PMCID: PMC9857068 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Obstructive uropathy is a clinical condition that can lead to chronic kidney disease. However, treatments that can prevent the progression of renal injury and fibrosis are limited. Farrerol (FA) is a natural flavone with potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Here, we investigated the effect of FA on renal injury and fibrosis in a mouse model of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). Mice underwent a sham or UUO operation and received intraperitoneal injections of FA (20 mg/kg) daily for 8 consecutive days. Histochemistry, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining, TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling assay, Western blotting, gene expression analysis, and biochemical tests were performed. FA attenuated renal dysfunction (p < 0.05) and ameliorated renal tubular injury (p < 0.01) and interstitial fibrosis (p < 0.001) in UUO mice. FA alleviated 4-hydroxynonenal expression (p < 0.001) and malondialdehyde levels (p < 0.01) by regulating pro-oxidant and antioxidant enzymes. Apoptosis in the kidneys of UUO mice was inhibited by FA (p < 0.001), and this action was accompanied by decreased expression of cleaved caspase-3 (p < 0.01). Moreover, FA alleviated pro-inflammatory cytokine production (p < 0.001) and macrophage infiltration (p < 0.01) in the kidneys of UUO mice. These results suggest that FA ameliorates renal injury and fibrosis in the UUO model by inhibiting oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation.
Collapse
|
11
|
Bai X, Bian Z, Zhang M. Targeting the Nrf2 signaling pathway using phytochemical ingredients: A novel therapeutic road map to combat neurodegenerative diseases. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 109:154582. [PMID: 36610130 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a classical nuclear transcription factor that regulates the system's anti-oxidative stress response. The activation of Nrf2 induces the expression of antioxidant proteins and improves the system's anti-oxidative stress ability. Accumulating evidence suggests that Nrf2-centered signaling pathways may be a key pharmacological target for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs). However, phytochemicals as new therapeutic agents against NDDs have not been clearly delineated. PURPOSE To review the therapeutic effects of phytochemical ingredients on NDDs by activating Nrf2 and reducing oxidative stress injury. METHODS A comprehensive search of published articles was performed using various literature databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. The search terms included "Nrf2", "phytochemical ingredients", "natural bioactive agents", "neurodegenerative diseases", "Antioxidant", "Alzheimer's disease", "Parkinson's disease", "Huntington's disease", "amyotrophic lateral sclerosis" "multiple sclerosis", "toxicity", and combinations of these keywords. A total of 769 preclinical studies were retrieved until August 2022, and we included 39 of these articless on phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicology and other fields. RESULTS Numerous in vivo and in vitro studies showed that phytochemical ingredients could act as an Nrf2 activator in the treatment of NDDs through the antioxidant defense mechanism. These phytochemical ingredients, such as salidroside, naringenin, resveratrol, sesaminol, ellagic acid, ginsenoside Re, tanshinone I, sulforaphane, curcumin, naringin, tetramethylpyrazine, withametelin, magnolol, piperine, and myricetin, had the potential to improve Nrf2 signaling, thereby combatting NDDs. CONCLUSION As Nrf2 activators, phytochemical ingredients may provide a novel potential strategy for the treatment of NDDs. Here, we reviewed the interaction between phytochemical ingredients, Nrf2, and its antioxidant damaging pathway in NDDs and explored the advantages of phytochemical ingredients in anti-oxidative stress, which provides a reliable basis for improving the treatment of NDDs. However, further clinical trials are needed to determine the safety and efficacy of Nrf2 activators for NDDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Bai
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, 110004, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Zhigang Bian
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, 110004, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, 110004, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Resveratrol Inhibits Oxidative Stress and Regulates M1/M2-Type Polarization of Microglia via Mediation of the Nrf2/Shh Signaling Cascade after OGD/R Injury In Vitro. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12122087. [PMID: 36556306 PMCID: PMC9782981 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12122087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Microglia are closely related to the occurrence and development of oxidative stress. Cerebral ischemia leads to abnormal activation of microglia. Resveratrol can regulate M1/M2-type microglia polarization, but the underlying mechanism is not well understood, although the Nrf2 and Shh signaling pathways may be involved. Given that resveratrol activates Shh, the present study examined whether this is mediated by Nrf2 signaling. METHODS N9 microglia were pretreated with drugs before oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R). HT22 neurons were also used for conditional co-culture with microglia. Cell viability was measured by CCK-8 assay. MDA levels and SOD activity in the supernatant were detected by TBA and WST-1, respectively. Immunofluorescence detected Nrf2 and Gli1 nuclear translocation. The levels of CD206, Arg1, iNOS, TNF-α, Nrf2, HO-1, NQO1, Shh, Ptc, Smo, Gli1 protein and mRNA were measured by Western blotting or RT-qPCR. Annexin V-FITC Flow Cytometric Analysis detected apoptosis. RESULTS Resveratrol and Nrf2 activator RTA-408 enhanced the viability of microglia, reduced oxidative stress, promoted M2-type microglia polarization and activated Nrf2 and Shh signaling. ML385, a selective inhibitor of Nrf2, decreased the viability of microglia, aggravated oxidative stress, promoted M1-type microglia polarization and inhibited Nrf2 and Shh signaling. Moreover, resveratrol and RTA-408-treated microglia can reduce the apoptosis and increase the viability of HT22 neurons, while ML385-treated microglia aggravated the apoptosis and weakened the viability of HT22 neurons. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrated that resveratrol may inhibit oxidative stress, regulate M1/M2-type polarization of microglia and decrease neuronal injury in conditional co-culture of neurons and microglia via the mediation of the Nrf2/Shh signaling cascade after OGD/R injury in vitro.
Collapse
|
13
|
Qin X, Xu X, Hou X, Liang R, Chen L, Hao Y, Gao A, Du X, Zhao L, Shi Y, Li Q. The pharmacological properties and corresponding mechanisms of farrerol: a comprehensive review. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2022; 60:9-16. [PMID: 34846222 PMCID: PMC8635655 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2021.2006723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Farrerol, a typical natural flavanone isolated from the traditional Chinese herb 'Man-shan-hong' [Rhododendron dauricum L. (Ericaceae)] with phlegm-reducing and cough-relieving properties, is widely used in China for treating bronchitis and asthma. OBJECTIVE To present the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, vasoactive, antitumor, and antimicrobial effects of farrerol and its underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS The literature was reviewed by searching PubMed, Medline, Web of Knowledge, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases between 2011 and May 2021. The following key words were used: 'farrerol,' 'flavanone,' 'anti-inflammatory,' 'antioxidant,' 'vasoactive,' 'antitumor,' 'antimicrobial,' and 'molecular mechanisms'. RESULTS Farrerol showed anti-inflammatory effects mainly mediated via the inhibition of interleukin (IL)-6/8, IL-1β, tumour necrosis factor(TNF)-α, NF-κB, NO, COX-2, JNK1/2, AKT, PI3K, ERK1/2, p38, Keap-1, and TGF-1β. Farrerol exhibited antioxidant effects by decreasing JNK, MDA, ROS, NOX4, Bax/Bcl-2, caspase-3, p-p38 MAPK, and GSK-3β levels and enhancing Nrf2, GSH, SOD, GSH-Px, HO-1, NQO1, and p-ERK levels. The vasoactive effects of farrerol were also shown by the reduced α-SMA, NAD(P)H, p-ERK, p-Akt, mTOR, Jak2, Stat3, Bcl-2, and p38 levels, but increased OPN, occludin, ZO-1, eNOS, CaM, IP3R, and PLC levels. The antitumor effects of farrerol were evident from the reduced Bcl-2, Slug, Zeb-1, and vimentin levels but increased p27, ERK1/2, p38, caspase-9, Bax, and E-cadherin levels. Farrerol reduced α-toxin levels and increased NO production and NF-κB activity to impart antibacterial activity. CONCLUSIONS This review article provides a theoretical basis for further studies on farrerol, with a view to develop and utilise farrerol for treating of vascular-related diseases in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojiang Qin
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- CONTACT Xiaojiang Qin School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xinrong Xu
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaomin Hou
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi, China
| | - Ruifeng Liang
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Liangjing Chen
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yuxuan Hao
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Anqi Gao
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xufeng Du
- Department of Exercise Rehabilitation, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Liangyuan Zhao
- Department of Exercise Rehabilitation, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yiwei Shi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanxi Medical University Affiliated First Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Qingshan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Chronic Inflammatory Targeted Drugs, School of Materia Medica, Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Qingshan Li School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wu Y, Qian J, Li K, Li W, Yin W, Jiang H. Farrerol alleviates collagenase-induced tendinopathy by inhibiting ferroptosis in rats. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:3483-3494. [PMID: 35582962 PMCID: PMC9189353 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Tendinopathy is mainly characterized by local pain, functional limitation and decreased athletic ability, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients and the career of athletes. Farrerol (FA), one of the main active compounds extracted from Rhododendron and plants in the Rhododendron family, has a wide range of pharmacological activities, such as immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and antiviral effects. However, the effect of FA on tendinopathy is unclear. Here, we investigated the pharmacological effect and mechanism of FA in tendon injury through collagenase-induced tendinopathy in vivo and RSL3-induced tenocytes injury in vitro. The results showed that FA alleviated the infiltration of inflammatory cells, promoted tenogenesis and improved mechanical properties of the Achilles tendon in rats. In addition, ferroptosis inducer RSL3 inhibits the tenogenesis in vitro and in vivo, which accelerates the progression of tendinopathy. Moreover, FA effectively inhibited iron accumulation and alleviated ferroptosis in the Achilles tendon. Using in vitro experiments, we found that FA antagonized ferroptosis by reducing lipid peroxidation and iron accumulation in tenocytes. Finally, we found that glutathione peroxidase 4 silencing could block the protective effect of FA on ferroptosis of tenocytes. Therefore, the results of this study suggest that FA can relieve collagenase-induced tendinopathy by inhibiting ferroptosis, and reveal that FA may be a potentially effective drug for the treatment of tendinopathy in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongfu Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Yuebei People's Hospital Affiliated to Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun Qian
- Department of Orthopaedic Spine SurgeryAffiliated Hengyang HospitalSouthern Medical University (Hengyang Central Hospital)HengyangHunanChina
| | - Kang Li
- Department of OrthopaedicsGeneral Hospital of Southern Theatre CommandGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Wenjun Li
- Department of OrthopaedicsYuebei People's Hospital Affiliated to Shantou University Medical CollegeShaoguanGuangdongChina
| | - Wenhua Yin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Yuebei People's Hospital Affiliated to Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Huaji Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Yuebei People's Hospital Affiliated to Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Xiong R, Zhang B. Association of HMOX-1 rs2071747 with sporadic Parkinson’s disease in southern Han Chinese. Neurol Sci 2022; 43:3671-3675. [DOI: 10.1007/s10072-021-05830-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
16
|
Avicularin Attenuates Memory Impairment in Rats with Amyloid Beta-Induced Alzheimer's Disease. Neurotox Res 2022; 40:140-153. [PMID: 35043380 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-021-00467-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid-beta-induced Alzheimer's disease (AD) and its further complications are well-established models in preclinical studies and demonstrated by many researchers. Intracerebroventricular injection of Aβ produces brain malfunction, including neurodegeneration and memory impairment. Avicularin is a bioactive flavonoid that has been found to prevent oxidative stress and proinflammatory cytokines. Alzheimer's disease treatment may benefit from inhibiting amyloid-beta and its related complications. Hence, by considering multiple actions of avicularin, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory, we demonstrated the neuroprotective action of avicularin against amyloid beta-induced neurotoxicity. Aβ1-42 (1 µg/µl) was dissolved in phosphate buffer solution (pH7.4) and incubated at 37 °C for 3 days to induce aggregation. A single intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of the Aβ1-42 was given to the animals utilizing stereotaxic equipment. Avicularin was dissolved in 0.5% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and treatment was given to the animals for 21 days at a dose of (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg, p.o.) after Aβ1-42 peptide (i.c.v.) injection. Several behavioral studies, acetylcholinesterase activity, oxidative stress, TNFα, IL-6, IL-1β, and expression of BDNF and amyloid-beta were measured. Avicularin treatment (50 and 100 mg/kg) showed cognition enhancement activity in behavioral studies and could reverse the effects of amyloid beta-induced inflammatory response and excessive oxidative stress. Furthermore, the findings reveal that avicularin can halt AD progression by targeting BDNF and amyloid-beta levels in the brain, suggesting that avicularin could be used for Alzheimer's disease treatment.
Collapse
|
17
|
Saikosaponin-D Mitigates Oxidation in SH-SY5Y Cells Stimulated by Glutamate Through Activation of Nrf2 Pathway: Involvement of PI3K. Neurotox Res 2022; 40:230-240. [PMID: 34994954 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-021-00438-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a typical neurodegenerative disease. Well-established studies have shown an elevated level of ROS (reactive oxygen species) that induces oxidative stress in AD. Saikosaponin-D exhibited significant therapeutic effects on neurodegenerative diseases. However, its in-depth molecular mechanisms against neurotoxicity remain not fully uncovered. Herein, the possible protective effects of saikosaponin-D on glutamate-induced neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells and the underlying mechanism were elucidated. Saikosaponin-D pretreatment could ameliorate glutamate-induced cytotoxicity according to MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay and depress apoptosis according to Hoechst 33,342 staining and Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining in SH-SY5Y cells. Additionally, saikosaponin-D administration suppressed oxidative stress in response to glutamate indicated by diminished intracellular ROS formation and reduced MDA (malondialdehyde) content in SH-SY5Y cells. These phenomena, appeared to correlate with the recovered cellular antioxidant enzyme activities and inducted HO-1 (heme oxygenase-1) expression accompanying the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 conduct by saikosaponin-D preconditioning which had been altered by glutamate, were correlated with its neuroprotective. Furthermore, addition of LY294002, a selective inhibitor of PI3K (phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase), blocked saikosaponin-D-caused Nrf2 nuclear translocation and reversed the protection of saikosaponin-D against glutamate in SH-SY5Y cells. Moreover, saikosaponin-D exhibited antioxidant potential with high free radical-scavenging activity as confirmed by a DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and TEAC (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity) in a cell-free system in vitro. Taken together, our results indicated that saikosaponin-D enhanced cellular antioxidant capacity through not only intrinsic free radical-scavenging activity but also induction of endogenous antioxidant enzyme activities and HO-1 expression mediated, at least in part, by activating PI3K and subsequently Nrf2 nuclear translocation, thereby protecting the SH-SY5Y cells from glutamate-induced oxidative cytotoxicity. In concert, these data raise the possibility that saikosaponin-D may be an attractive candidate for prevention and treatment of AD and other diseases related to oxidation in the future.
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhou L, Yang S, Zou X. Farrerol Alleviates Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Targeting Macrophages and NLRP3. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:879232. [PMID: 35496295 PMCID: PMC9043491 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.879232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is associated with high mortality and morbidity, however, it has no curative treatment. Farrerol (FA), an active compound extracted from rhododendron, has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities, but its effect and mechanism of FA in I/R injury remain unclear. Here, we found that FA alleviated myocardial I/R in vivo, and decreased the secretion of myocardial injury factors (CK-MB, LDH, troponin-1, and NT-proBNP) while inhibiting the release of inflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α). FA could also alleviate excessive oxidative stress by elevating the level of antioxidant enzymes and reducing oxidation products; and decreased reduced the expression of apoptosis-associated proteins (cleaved caspase-3, Bax, and Bcl-2). However, inhibiting the autophagic pathway or knocking out the Nrf2 gene did not eliminate the myocardial protective effect of FA, but interestingly, macrophage clearance and Nlrp3 deficiency effectively blocked the myocardial protective effect of FA. In addition, FA suppressed NLRP3 inflammasome activation by interfering with NLRP3 and NEK7. In conclusion, these results support drug-targeted macrophage therapy for myocardial I/R and indicate that FA may be used as an immunomodulator in clinical therapy for myocardial I/R.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhou
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Yuebei People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, China
| | - Shuhui Yang
- Department of Pathology, Yuebei People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, China
| | - Xiaoming Zou
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoming Zou,
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Fucoxanthin Pretreatment Ameliorates Visible Light-Induced Phagocytosis Disruption of RPE Cells under a Lipid-Rich Environment via the Nrf2 Pathway. Mar Drugs 2021; 20:md20010015. [PMID: 35049870 PMCID: PMC8780744 DOI: 10.3390/md20010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Fucoxanthin, a special xanthophyll derived from marine algae, has increasingly attracted attention due to its diverse biological functions. However, reports on its ocular benefits are still limited. In this work, the ameliorative effect of fucoxanthin on visible light and lipid peroxidation-induced phagocytosis disruption in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells was investigated in vitro. Marked oxidative stress, inflammation, and phagocytosis disruption were evident in differentiated RPE cells following their exposure to visible light under a docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-rich environment. Following pretreatment with fucoxanthin, however, the activated nuclear factor erythroid-derived-2-like 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway was observed and, furthermore, when the fucoxanthin -pretreated RPE cells were irradiated with visible light, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and inflammation were obviously suppressed, while phagocytosis was significantly improved. However, following the addition of Nrf2 inhibitor ML385, the fucoxanthin exhibited no ameliorative effects on the oxidative stress, inflammation, and phagocytosis disruption in the RPE cells, thus indicating that the ameliorative effect of fucoxanthin on the phagocytosis of RPE cells is closely related to the Nrf2 signaling pathway. In conclusion, these results suggest that fucoxanthin supplementation might be beneficial to the prevention of visible light-induced retinal injury.
Collapse
|
20
|
Wang Q, Yao H, Liu W, Ya B, Cheng H, Xing Z, Wu Y. Microglia Polarization in Alzheimer's Disease: Mechanisms and a Potential Therapeutic Target. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:772717. [PMID: 34819850 PMCID: PMC8606412 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.772717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation regulated by microglia is one of the important factors involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Activated microglia exhibited phenotypes termed as M1 and M2 phenotypes separately. M1 microglia contribute to the development of inflammation via upregulating pro-inflammatory cytokines, while M2 microglia exert anti-inflammation effects through enhancing the expression of anti-inflammation factors. Moreover, M1 and M2 microglia could be mutually transformed under various conditions. Both M1 and M2 microglia are implicated in AD. Amyloid-β (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated tau are two major components of AD pathological hallmarks, neuritic plaques, and neurofibrillary tangles. Both Aβ and hyperphosphorylated tau were involved in microglial activation and subsequent inflammation, which further contribute to neuronal and synaptic loss in AD. In this review, we summarized the roles of M1 and M2 microglia in AD and underlying mechanisms, which will provide an insight into the role of microglia in the pathogenesis of AD and highlight the therapeutic potential of modulating microglia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qinqin Wang
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Behavioral Interventions of Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Hongmei Yao
- Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Wenyan Liu
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Bailiu Ya
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Hongju Cheng
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Zhenkai Xing
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Behavioral Interventions of Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Yili Wu
- The Affiliated Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Oujiang Laboratory, Wenzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Piao C, Zhang Q, Xu J, Wang Y, Liu T, Ma H, Liu G, Wang H. Optimal intervention time of ADSCs for hepatic ischemia-reperfusion combined with partial resection injury in rats. Life Sci 2021; 285:119986. [PMID: 34592233 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury (HIRI) is a complication of liver surgery and liver transplantation. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) can inhibit oxidative stress and inflammation through a paracrine effect. This study aimed to determine the optimal time window of ADSCs transplantation to restore liver function after HIRI. MAIN METHODS A rat model of hepatic ischemia reperfusion combined with partial hepatectomy (HIR/PH) was established. The animals were injected intravenously with 2 × 106 rat ADSCs 2 h before, immediately after, or 6 h after surgery. Liver tissues and blood samples were collected for routine histological and biochemical assays. The molecular changes were analyzed by qRT-PCR and western blotting. KEY FINDINGS ADSCs significantly improved liver tissue structure and decreased the levels of AST, ALT and ALP, which was indicative of functional recovery. In addition, transplantation of ADSCs immediately after operation decreased the levels of inflammation-related cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6, and significantly increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes. At the same time, the expression of MDA was decreased. Mechanistically, ADSCs activated the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway in the injured liver. Transplantation of ADSCs pre- and 6 h post-operation did not significantly affect some indices such as mRNA and protein expression of HO-1, and protein expression of NQO1. SIGNIFICANCE Transplanting ADSCs immediately after surgery accelerated tissue repair and functional recovery of the liver by activating the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway, which inhibited hepatic inflammation and oxidative stress, and restored the hepatic microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Piao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Qianzhen Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Jiayuan Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Yue Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Tao Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Haiyang Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Guodong Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Hongbin Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Exposure to footshock stress downregulates antioxidant genes and increases neuronal apoptosis in an Aβ(1-42) rat model of Alzheimer's disease. Neurochem Int 2021; 150:105170. [PMID: 34419526 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a neuropsychiatric disorder that develops from exposure to trauma, mostly when normal psychological mechanisms fail. Studies have shown that people who have PTSD are susceptible to developing dementia, mostly Alzheimer's disease (AD), suggesting common underlying risk factors in the comorbidity. However, data elucidating links between these conditions is scarce. Here we show that footshock stress exacerbates AD-like pathology. To induce a trauma-like condition, the rats were exposed to multiple intense footshocks followed by a single reminder. This was followed by bilateral intrahippocampal lesions with amyloid-beta (Aβ) (1-42), to model AD-like pathology. We found that footshocks increased anxiety behavior and impaired fear memory extinction in Aβ(1-42) lesioned rats. We also found a reduced expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), NAD (P) H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and an increased expression of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) in the amygdala and hippocampus. Furthermore, oxidative stress level was sustained, which was associated with increased apoptosis in the amygdala and hippocampus. Our finding suggests that AD-like pathology can induce oxidative changes in the amygdala and hippocampus, which can be exaggerated by footshock stress.
Collapse
|
23
|
Huang SL, Huang ZC, Zhang CJ, Xie J, Lei SS, Wu YQ, Fan PZ. LncRNA SNHG5 promotes the glycolysis and proliferation of breast cancer cell through regulating BACH1 via targeting miR-299. Breast Cancer 2021; 29:65-76. [PMID: 34351577 PMCID: PMC8732815 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-021-01281-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in women. Accumulating studies have been reported that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) SNHG5 is highly expressed in BC. However, the specific molecular mechanism of SNHG5 in BC is unclear. Methods Gene and protein expressions in BC cell were detected by qRT-PCR and western blotting. The proliferation and cell cycle were measured using colony formation assay and flow cytometry analysis, separately. The glucose consumption and lactate production were determined by using the glucose assay kit and lactate assay kit. A dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed to measure the interaction between miR-299 and SNHG5 or BACH1. Results SNHG5 and BACH1 expressions were increased in BC cell while miR-299 level was decreased. SNHG5 increased BACH1 expression by directly targeting miR-299. SNHG5 silencing or miR-299 overexpression suppressed the proliferation of BC cell, arrested the cell cycle in the G1 cell phase, and decreased the glucose consumption and lactate production of BC cell. However, inhibition of miR-299 or overexpression of BACH1 could reverse the inhibitory effects of sh-SNHG5 on cell proliferation and glycolysis in BC. Conclusion SNHG5 promoted the BC cell growth and glycolysis through up-regulating BACH1 expression via targeting miR-299. These findings may improve the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to BC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Lin Huang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, No. 61, Jiefang West Road, Changsha, 410005, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Cheng Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410005, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao-Jie Zhang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, No. 61, Jiefang West Road, Changsha, 410005, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Xie
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, No. 61, Jiefang West Road, Changsha, 410005, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan-Shan Lei
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, No. 61, Jiefang West Road, Changsha, 410005, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Qin Wu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, No. 61, Jiefang West Road, Changsha, 410005, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei-Zhi Fan
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, No. 61, Jiefang West Road, Changsha, 410005, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Targeting the TLR4/NF-κB pathway in β-amyloid-stimulated microglial cells: A possible mechanism that oxysophoridine exerts anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects in an in vitro model of Alzheimer's disease. Brain Res Bull 2021; 175:150-157. [PMID: 34329731 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2021.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
β-amyloid (Aβ) accumulation is a major neuropathological characteristic of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and serves as an inflammatory stimulus for microglial cells. Oxysophoridine has multiple pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activities. In view of this, the current study aimed to investigate the effects of oxysophoridine on Aβ-induced activation of microglial BV-2 cells. Cell Counting Kit-8 assay showed that oxysophoridine concentration-dependently attenuated Aβ-induced viability reduction of BV-2 cells. Aβ stimulation reduced the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and elevated malondialdehyde (MDA) content in BV-2 cells, but these effects were attenuated by oxysophoridine. Oxysophoridine abolished Aβ-induced increase of mRNA expression, secretion, and protein expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin 1β (IL-1β) in BV-2 cells. Additionally, western blot suggested that oxysophoridine inhibited Aβ-induced activation of the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathways in BV-2 cells. Inhibition of the TLR4/NF-κB pathway by TAK-242 enhanced the effects of oxysophoridine on Aβ-induced viability reduction, oxidative stress, and inflammation in BV-2 cells. Taken together, oxysophoridine suppressed Aβ-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in BV-2 cells by inhibition of the TLR4/NF-κB pathway.
Collapse
|
25
|
Hu X, Mu L, Zhu L, Chang X, Nie L, Wang L, Li G. Lycium barbarum polysaccharides attenuate cardiovascular oxidative stress injury by enhancing the Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway in exhaustive exercise rats. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:643. [PMID: 34278476 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Moderate exercise is beneficial to physical and mental health. When the amount of exercise and exercise intensity exceeds a certain limit and reaches the state of exhaustion, oxidative stress levels in the body increase, which can lead to oxidative stress‑associated damage. Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) is one of the primary active ingredients extracted from wolfberry. Following exhausting exercise in rats, LBP supplements decrease damage to the myocardium and blood vessels, indicating that LBP exerts a protective effect on the cardiovascular system. The Kelch‑like ECH‑associated protein 1 (Keap1)/NF‑E2‑related factor 2 (Nrf2) anti‑oxidative stress signaling pathway improves total oxidizing ability; anti‑apoptosis and other aspects serve a vital role. In the present study, LBP intervention was performed in vivo and in vitro to observe its effect on the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway and oxidative stress‑associated indicators in order to clarify its protective mechanism. For the in vivo experiments, 60 male Sprague‑Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal control and aerobic, exhaustive and exhaustive exercise + LBP (200 mg/kg/day) groups. For the in vitro experiments, a rat thoracic aortic endothelial cell (RTAEC) oxidative stress model was established using angiotensin II (AngII) and divided into blank control, LBP (3,200 µg/ml), AngII (1x10‑4 mol/l) and AngII + LBP groups. For in vitro experiments, small interfering (si)RNA (50 nmol) was used to transfect RTAEC and induce gene silencing of Nrf2. ELISA, hematoxylin and eosin staining, TUNEL, immunofluorescence, western blotting, immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR were used to evaluate and verify the effect of LBP on oxidative stress indicators and the expression of Keap1/Nrf2 antioxidative stress signaling pathway. The in vivo experiments showed that LBP decreased the expression of serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and AngII, as well as apoptosis of blood vessels and cardiomyocytes and expression of TNF‑α in rats following exhaustive exercise. Meanwhile, LBP enhanced expression of the Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway and downstream associated protein glutamyl‑cysteine synthetase catalytic subunit (GCLC), quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) and glutamate‑cysteine ligase modified subunit (GCLM) in the thoracic aorta and myocardium of rats following exhaustive exercise. In RTAEC in vitro, LBP decreased the expression of MDA and TNF‑α in the supernatant, promoted the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and increased expression levels of GCLC, NQO1 and GCLM. Following siNrf2 transfection into endothelial cells, the anti‑inflammatory and antioxidant stress effects of LBP were decreased. LBP was found to enhance the expression of the Keap1/Nrf2 antioxidant stress signaling pathway in endothelial cells, decreasing oxidative stress and the inflammatory response. Moreover, LBP improved the antioxidant stress ability of endothelial cells and alleviated injury of myocardial vascular tissue, thereby protecting the cardiovascular system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Hu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Le Mu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Lingqin Zhu
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Chang
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Lihong Nie
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of General Practice, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Guanghua Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Huang Z, Ji H, Shi J, Zhu X, Zhi Z. Engeletin Attenuates Aβ1-42-Induced Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation by Keap1/Nrf2 Pathway. Inflammation 2021; 43:1759-1771. [PMID: 32445069 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-020-01250-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a serious neuropathologic disease characterized by aggregation of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide. Aβ-mediated oxidative stress and neuroinflammation play crucial role in the development of AD. Engeletin is a flavononol glycoside that possesses anti-inflammatory effect. However, the effects of engeletin on AD have not been investigated. In the present study, we investigated the role of engeletin in AD using an in vitro AD model. Murine microglia BV-2 cells were stimulated with Aβ1-42 (5 μM) for 24 h to induce oxidative stress and inflammation. Our results showed that treatment with engeletin suppressed Aβ1-42-induced viability reduction and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release in BV-2 cells. Engeletin attenuated Aβ1-42-induced oxidative stress in BV-2 cells, as proved by decreased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malonaldehyde (MDA) and increased glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities. Aβ1-42-induced nitric oxide (NO) production and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression were inhibited by engeletin treatment. Besides, engeletin inhibited Aβ1-42-induced production and mRNA levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), and interleukin 6 (IL-6). Engeletin enhanced Aβ1-42-induced activation of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1)/nuclear transcription factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway in BV-2 cells. Inhibition of Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway reversed the inhibitory effects of engeletin on Aβ1-42-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in BV-2 cells. Taken together, engeletin attenuated Aβ1-42-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in BV-2 cells via regulating the of Keap1/Nrf2 pathway. These findings indicated that engeletin might be served as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhixiong Huang
- Department of Neurology, Nanshi Hospital, Nanyang, 473065, China
| | - Hu Ji
- Department of Neurology, Lianshui People's Hospital Affiliated to Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, 223400, China
| | - Junfeng Shi
- Department of Neurology, Nanshi Hospital, Nanyang, 473065, China
| | - Xinchen Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Nanshi Hospital, Nanyang, 473065, China
| | - Zhongwen Zhi
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, The Second People's Hospital of Huai'an, No. 62 South Huaihai Road, Huai'an, 223002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Zhang B, Yu HX, Zhi N, Cui C, Han YY, Hu M, Shen H, Bao H, Li G. Association of HMOX-1 with sporadic Alzheimer's disease in southern Han Chinese. Eur J Neurol 2021; 28:2922-2926. [PMID: 33864416 DOI: 10.1111/ene.14870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The aim of this study was to discover the associations between HMOX-1 and Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS A total of 500 AD patients and 500 healthy controls were recruited in this study. Polymer chain reaction was used. RESULTS There was a statistically significant difference between AD patients and controls in both the dominant and recessive models of HMOX-1 rs2071746 after adjustment for age, gender and education (dominant model: p = 0.047, odds ratio [OR] 1.34, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.00-1.78, adjusted; recessive model: p = 0.049, OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.00-1.80, adjusted). There was also a trend for an association between the dominant model and late-onset AD after adjustment for age, gender and education (dominant model: p = 0.084, OR 1.37, 95% CI 0.96-1.95, adjusted). CONCLUSIONS We found an association between the dominant and recessive models of HMOX1 rs2071746 and AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Xiang Yu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Nan Zhi
- Department of Neurology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Can Cui
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying-Ying Han
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Hu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Shen
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huan Bao
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Zhang J, Zheng Y, Zhao Y, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Ma F, Wang X, Fu J. Andrographolide ameliorates neuroinflammation in APP/PS1 transgenic mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 96:107808. [PMID: 34162168 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder, with no disease-modifying treatment available yet. There is increasing evidence that neuroinflammation plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of AD. Andrographolide (Andro), a labdane diterpene extracted from the herb Andrographis paniculata, has been reported to exhibit neuroprotective property in central nervous system diseases. However, its effects on Aβ and Aβ-induced neuroinflammation have not yet been studied. In the present study, we found that Andro administration significantly alleviated cognitive impairments, reduced amyloid-β deposition, inhibited microglial activation, and decreased the secretion of proinflammatory factors in APP/PS1 mice. Furthermore, transcriptome sequencing analysis revealed that Andro could significantly decrease the expression of Itgax, TLR2, CD14, CCL3, CCL4, TLR1, and C3ar1 in APP/PS1 mice, which was further validated by qRT-PCR. Our results suggest that Andro might be a potential therapeutic drug for AD by regulating neuroinflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Yaling Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Yao Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Yaxuan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Medicine, Shanghai Eighth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200235, China
| | - Fang Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lushi People's Hospital, Henan 472200, China
| | - Xiuzhe Wang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Jianliang Fu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Tian Z, Zhang H, Shang C. Farrerol ameliorate adjuvant-induced ankle injury via alteration of PPAR-γ signal pathway. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13585. [PMID: 33844304 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the anti-inflammatory activity against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated mouse macrophages (in vitro) and assessed the protective effect of farrerol on arthritis caused by complete freund adjuvant (CFA) in rats. For the evaluation of the pharmacological effect of farrerol on the activity of nitric oxide (NO) and cyclooxygenase, pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β, RAW 264.7 cells were used. A 0.1 ml CFA was injected subcutaneously for the induction of arthritis. The paw volume, body weight and arthritic score were estimated at regular intervals. Pro-inflammatory cytokines, inflammatory mediators, and antioxidant parameters were also estimated. Farrerol suppressed NO production and COX-catalyzed prostaglandin (PGE2 ) in RAW 264.7. Farrerol also downregulated the p-p65, p-IκBα expression and upregulated the PPAR-γ expression in RAW 264.7 cells. Treatment of farrerol increased body weight substantially, and reduced paw edema and arthritic score. Farrerol treatment also significantly improved the level of hemoglobin (Hb), count of red blood cells (RBC), and decreased the rate of erythrocyte sedimentation (ESR), white blood cell (WBC) parameters, while the generation of pro-inflammatory cytokines inhibited. Together, farrerol also suppressed the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β. Obtained results directed that the farrerol exerted its therapeutic effect against CFA-induced arthritic rats through anti-inflammatory mechanism by regulation of the PPAR-γ. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Increase the arthritis disease worldwide day-by-day. The current research study showed the anti-arthritic effect of farrerol (flavonoid phytoconstituent) of Rhododendron dauricum Linn. In this study, farrerol considerably inhibited the NF-κB to show the anti-arthritic effect. The finding showed the potential effect against acute and chronic inflammation via inhibition of inflammatory mediators and oxidative stress. The result suggests the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effect of farrerol. On the basis of result, we can say that farrerol can be the beneficial drug to treat the arthritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Tian
- Department of Hand Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, China
| | - Hongxing Zhang
- Department of Hand Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, China
| | - Chi Shang
- Department of Hand Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
High fat suppresses SOD1 activity by reducing copper chaperone for SOD1 associated with neurodegeneration and memory decline. Life Sci 2021; 272:119243. [PMID: 33607157 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
High fat consumption leads to reactive oxygen species (ROS) which is associated with age-progressive neurological disorders. Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) is a critical enzyme against ROS. However, the relationship between SOD1 and the high-fat-induced ROS and neurodegeneration is poorly known. Here we showed that, upon treatment with a saturated fatty acid palmitic acid (PA), the SOD1 activity was decreased in mouse neuronal HT-22 cell line accompanied by elevation of ROS, but not in mouse microglial BV-2 cell line. We further showed that PA decreased the levels of copper chaperone for SOD1 (CCS) in HT-22 cells, which promoted the nuclear import of SOD1 and decreased its activity. We demonstrated that the reduction of CCS is involved in the PA-induced decrease of SOD1 activity and elevation of ROS. In addition, compared with the adult mice fed with a standard diet, the high-fat-diet adult mice presented an increase of plasma free fatty acids, reduction of hippocampal SOD1 activity and CCS, mitochondrial degeneration and long-term memory decline. Taken together, our findings suggest that the high-fat-induced lower CCS level is essential for SOD1 suppression which may be associated with neurodegeneration and cognitive decline.
Collapse
|
31
|
Guo J, Shen S, Zhang X, Wang G, Lu Y, Liu X, Wang S, Li Q, Cong Y, Shi B. Chemical compounds with a neuroprotective effect from the seeds of Celosia argentea L. Food Funct 2021; 12:83-96. [PMID: 33191416 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02033h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a central role in the common pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Parkinson's disease. Antioxidant therapy has been suggested for the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Compounds derived from natural sources may offer the potential for new treatment options. Semen Celosiae is a traditional Chinese edible herbal medicine with a long history in China and exhibits wide-reaching biological activities such as hepatoprotective, anti-tumor, anti-diarrheal, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, etc. In this study, nine saponins and two phenylacetonitrile glycosides were isolated from Semen Celosiae and their structures were identified using ESI-MS and NMR techniques. Among them, compounds 1 and 2 have not been previously reported. The total concentrations of the five triterpenoid saponins and the two phenylacetonitrile glycosides were 3.348 mg g-1 and 0.187 mg g-1, respectively, suggesting that Semen Celosiae is a novel viable source of the two kinds of compounds. These compounds were observed to significantly attenuate t-BHP-induced neuronal damage by effectively enhancing cell viability and decreasing reactive oxygen species generation and cell apoptosis rate in NSC-34 cells. Furthermore, compounds 1 and 7 reduced the ratios of cleaved caspase-3: caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-7: caspase-7 and the level of cytochrome C, while they increased the levels of SOD1 and Beclin 1. These findings suggest that compounds 1-11 are potent inhibitors of neuron injury elicited by t-BHP, possibly via inhibition of oxidative stress and apoptosis, and activation of autophagy; therefore they may be valuable leads for future therapeutic development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinggong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Shan Shen
- Institute of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China. and Ludong Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Guoying Wang
- Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Yiqing Lu
- Centre for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Xiping Liu
- Institute of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.
| | - Shuyun Wang
- Institute of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.
| | - Qin Li
- Institute of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.
| | - Yue Cong
- Institute of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.
| | - Bingyang Shi
- Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia. and International Joint Center for Biomedical Innovation, College of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Jia J, Zeng X, Xu G, Wang Z. The Potential Roles of Redox Enzymes in Alzheimer's Disease: Focus on Thioredoxin. ASN Neuro 2021; 13:1759091421994351. [PMID: 33557592 PMCID: PMC7876756 DOI: 10.1177/1759091421994351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative diseases. Increasing studies have demonstrated the critical importance for redox proteins mediating neuronal protection in models of AD. This review briefly describes some of the risk factors contributing to AD, specifically highlighting the important roles of oxidative stress in the pathology of AD. Then this article concisely introduces the dysregulation and functions of two main redox enzymes, peroxiredoxins and glutaredoxins, in AD models. This review emphasizes the neuroprotective role of the third redox enzyme thioredoxin (Trx), an important multifunctional protein regulating cellular redox status. This commentary not only summarizes the alterations of Trx expression in AD patients and models, but also reviews the potential effects and mechanisms of Trx, Trx-related molecules and Trx-inducing compounds against AD. In conclusion, Trx has a potential neuroprotection in AD and may be very promising for clinical therapy of AD in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinjing Jia
- Department of Physiology, Jiaxing University Medical
College, Jiaxing, China
- Forensic and Pathology Laboratory, Jiaxing University
Medical College, Jiaxing, China
| | - Xiansi Zeng
- Forensic and Pathology Laboratory, Jiaxing University
Medical College, Jiaxing, China
- Department of Biochemistry, Jiaxing University Medical
College, Jiaxing, China
| | - Guangtao Xu
- Forensic and Pathology Laboratory, Jiaxing University
Medical College, Jiaxing, China
| | - Zhanqi Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou,
China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Zhang W, Feng C, Jiang H. Novel target for treating Alzheimer's Diseases: Crosstalk between the Nrf2 pathway and autophagy. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 65:101207. [PMID: 33144123 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In mammals, the Keap1-Nrf2-ARE pathway (henceforth, "the Nrf2 pathway") and autophagy are major intracellular defence systems that combat oxidative damage and maintain homeostasis. p62/SQSTM1, a ubiquitin-binding autophagy receptor protein, links the Nrf2 pathway and autophagy. Phosphorylation of p62 dramatically enhances its affinity for Keap1, which induces Keap1 to release Nrf2, and the p62-Keap1 heterodimer recruits LC3 and mediates the permanent degradation of Keap1 in the selective autophagy pathway. Eventually, Nrf2 accumulates in the cytoplasm and then translocates into the nucleus to activate the transcription of downstream genes that encode antioxidant enzymes, which protect cells from oxidative damage. Since Nrf2 also upregulates the expression of the p62 gene, a p62-Keap1-Nrf2 positive feedback loop is created that further enhances the protective effect on cells. Studies have shown that the p62-activated noncanonical Nrf2 pathway is an important marker of neurodegenerative diseases. The p62-Keap1-Nrf2 positive feedback loop and the Nrf2 pathway are involved in eliminating the ROS and protein aggregates induced by AD. Therefore, maintaining the homeostasis of the p62-Keap1-Nrf2 positive feedback loop, which is a bridge between the Nrf2 pathway and autophagy, may be a potential target for the treatment of AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Health Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Feng
- Department of Health Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Health Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Dual prophylactic/therapeutic potential of date seed, and nigella and olive oils-based nutraceutical formulation in rats with experimentally-induced Alzheimer's disease: A mechanistic insight. J Chem Neuroanat 2020; 110:101878. [PMID: 33144183 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2020.101878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with a multifactorial etiology and significantly increasing incidence during the last decade. Hence, developing an effective therapy is crucial for public health. The current study aimed to examine the dual prophylactic/therapeutic potential of a nutraceutical formula based on aqueous extract of roasted date seeds, and nigella and virgin-olive oils against experimentally-induced Alzheimer's disease in rats. Alzheimer's disease-like pathology was induced in male Wistar rats using oral CuSO4 (200 mg/Kg/day for two months). The nutraceutical formula was given orally to experimental animals (10 mL/kg/d) for 14 days before (as prophylaxis) and after Alzheimer's disease induction and its therapeutic effect in both cases is tested in comparison to donepezil (0.5 mg/kg/d). The nutraceutical formula was found to ameliorate the CuSO4-induced neuronal damage and regenerate the affected hippocampus tissue and significantly improvemed in learning ability. The formula was also effective in decreasing brain amyloid-β, tau protein, TNF-α level, iNOS level in hippocampus, oxidative stress level, and inhibiting acetylcholinesterase activity and expression in brain and hippocampus, respectively. Further, an increase in GSH levels, activities of SOD, and GST and levels of hippocampus ADAM 17 and brain phospholipids was observed. In conclusion, the studied nutraceutical formula is proved to be effective in ameliorating Alzheimer's neurodegenerative progression with added-prophylactic potential.
Collapse
|
35
|
Fakhri S, Pesce M, Patruno A, Moradi SZ, Iranpanah A, Farzaei MH, Sobarzo-Sánchez E. Attenuation of Nrf2/Keap1/ARE in Alzheimer's Disease by Plant Secondary Metabolites: A Mechanistic Review. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25214926. [PMID: 33114450 PMCID: PMC7663041 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25214926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neuronal/cognitional dysfunction, leading to disability and death. Despite advances in revealing the pathophysiological mechanisms behind AD, no effective treatment has yet been provided. It urges the need for finding novel multi-target agents in combating the complex dysregulated mechanisms in AD. Amongst the dysregulated pathophysiological pathways in AD, oxidative stress seems to play a critical role in the pathogenesis progression of AD, with a dominant role of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/Kelch-like ECH-associated protein-1 (Keap1)/antioxidant responsive elements (ARE) pathway. In the present study, a comprehensive review was conducted using the existing electronic databases, including PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, and Scopus, as well as related articles in the field. Nrf2/Keap1/ARE has shown to be the upstream orchestrate of oxidative pathways, which also ameliorates various inflammatory and apoptotic pathways. So, developing multi-target agents with higher efficacy and lower side effects could pave the road in the prevention/management of AD. The plant kingdom is now a great source of natural secondary metabolites in targeting Nrf2/Keap1/ARE. Among natural entities, phenolic compounds, alkaloids, terpene/terpenoids, carotenoids, sulfur-compounds, as well as some other miscellaneous plant-derived compounds have shown promising future accordingly. Prevailing evidence has shown that activating Nrf2/ARE and downstream antioxidant enzymes, as well as inhibiting Keap1 could play hopeful roles in overcoming AD. The current review highlights the neuroprotective effects of plant secondary metabolites through targeting Nrf2/Keap1/ARE and downstream interconnected mediators in combating AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran; (S.F.); (S.Z.M.)
| | - Mirko Pesce
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio CH-PE, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Antonia Patruno
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio CH-PE, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
- Correspondence: (A.P.); (M.H.F.)
| | - Seyed Zachariah Moradi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran; (S.F.); (S.Z.M.)
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran
| | - Amin Iranpanah
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6714415153, Iran;
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran; (S.F.); (S.Z.M.)
- Correspondence: (A.P.); (M.H.F.)
| | - Eduardo Sobarzo-Sánchez
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación en Salud, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Central de Chile, Santiago 8330507, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Moyano P, García JM, García J, Anadon MJ, Naval MV, Frejo MT, Sola E, Pelayo A, Pino JD. Manganese increases Aβ and Tau protein levels through proteasome 20S and heat shock proteins 90 and 70 alteration, leading to SN56 cholinergic cell death following single and repeated treatment. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 203:110975. [PMID: 32678756 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) produces cholinergic neuronal loss in basal forebrain (BF) region that was related to cognitive dysfunction induced after single and repeated Mn treatment. All processes that generate cholinergic neuronal loss in BF remain to be understood. Mn exposure may produce the reduction of BF cholinergic neurons by increasing amyloid beta (Aβ) and phosphorylated Tau (pTau) protein levels, altering heat shock proteins' (HSPs) expression, disrupting proteasome P20S activity and generating oxidative stress. These mechanisms, described to be altered by Mn in regions different than BF, could lead to the memory and learning process alteration produced after Mn exposure. The research performed shows that single and repeated Mn treatment of SN56 cholinergic neurons from BF induces P20S inhibition, increases Aβ and pTau protein levels, produces HSP90 and HSP70 proteins expression alteration, and oxidative stress generation, being the last two effects mediated by NRF2 pathway alteration. The increment of Aβ and pTau protein levels was mediated by HSPs and proteasome dysfunction. All these mechanisms mediated the cell decline observed after Mn treatment. Our results are relevant because they may assist to reveal the processes leading to the neurotoxicity and cognitive alterations observed after Mn exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Moyano
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary School, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Manuel García
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary School, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jimena García
- Department of Pharmacolgy, Health Sciences School, Alfonso X University, 28691, Madrid, Spain
| | - María José Anadon
- Department of Legal Medicine, Psychiatry and Pathology, Medicine School, Complutense University of Madrid, 28041, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Victoria Naval
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany, Pharmacy School, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Teresa Frejo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary School, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emma Sola
- Department of Legal Medicine, Psychiatry and Pathology, Medicine School, Complutense University of Madrid, 28041, Madrid, Spain
| | - Adela Pelayo
- Department of Legal Medicine, Psychiatry and Pathology, Medicine School, Complutense University of Madrid, 28041, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Del Pino
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary School, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Mhillaj E, Papi M, Paciello F, Silvestrini A, Rolesi R, Palmieri V, Perini G, Fetoni AR, Trabace L, Mancuso C. Celecoxib Exerts Neuroprotective Effects in β-Amyloid-Treated SH-SY5Y Cells Through the Regulation of Heme Oxygenase-1: Novel Insights for an Old Drug. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:561179. [PMID: 33134292 PMCID: PMC7550645 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.561179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation and aggregation of amyloid-β-peptide (Aβ) into soluble and insoluble species represent the pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Over the last few years, however, soluble Aβ (sAβ) prevailed over fibrillar Aβ (fAβ) as determinant of neurotoxicity. One of the main therapeutic strategies for challenging neurodegeneration is to fight against neuroinflammation and prevent free radical-induced damage: in this light, the heme oxygenase/biliverdin reductase (HO/BVR) system is considered a promising drug target. The aim of this work was to investigate whether or not celecoxib (CXB), a selective inhibitor of the pro-inflammatory cyclooxygenase-2, modulates the HO/BVR system and prevents lipid peroxidation in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. Both sAβ (6.25–50 nM) and fAβ (1.25–50 nM) dose-dependently over-expressed inducible HO (HO-1) after 24 h of incubation, reaching statistical significance at 25 and 6.25 nM, respectively. Interestingly, CXB (1–10 μM, for 1 h) further enhanced Aβ-induced HO-1 expression through the nuclear translocation of the transcriptional factor Nrf2. Furthermore, 10 μM CXB counteracted the Aβ-induced ROS production with a mechanism fully dependent on HO-1 up-regulation; nevertheless, 10 μM CXB significantly counteracted only 25 nM sAβ-induced lipid peroxidation damage in SH-SY5Y neurons by modulating HO-1. Both carbon monoxide (CORM-2, 50 nM) and bilirubin (50 nM) significantly prevented ROS production in Aβ-treated neurons and favored both the slowdown of the growth rate of Aβ oligomers and the decrease in oligomer/fibril final size. In conclusion, these results suggest a novel mechanism through which CXB is neuroprotective in subjects with early AD or mild cognitive impairment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Mhillaj
- Department of Healthcare Surveillance and Bioethics, Section of Pharmacology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Papi
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabiola Paciello
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Silvestrini
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Department of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensivological and Perioperative Clinics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Rolando Rolesi
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Palmieri
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Giordano Perini
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Fetoni
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Luigia Trabace
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Cesare Mancuso
- Department of Healthcare Surveillance and Bioethics, Section of Pharmacology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Aryal S, Skinner T, Bridges B, Weber JT. The Pathology of Parkinson's Disease and Potential Benefit of Dietary Polyphenols. Molecules 2020; 25:E4382. [PMID: 32987656 PMCID: PMC7582699 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25194382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized by a loss of dopaminergic neurons, leading to bradykinesia, rigidity, tremor at rest, and postural instability, as well as non-motor symptoms such as olfactory impairment, pain, autonomic dysfunction, impaired sleep, fatigue, and behavioral changes. The pathogenesis of PD is believed to involve oxidative stress, disruption to mitochondria, alterations to the protein α-synuclein, and neuroinflammatory processes. There is currently no cure for the disease. Polyphenols are secondary metabolites of plants, which have shown benefit in several experimental models of PD. Intake of polyphenols through diet is also associated with lower PD risk in humans. In this review, we provide an overview of the pathology of PD and the data supporting the potential neuroprotective capacity of increased polyphenols in the diet. Evidence suggests that the intake of dietary polyphenols may inhibit neurodegeneration and the progression of PD. Polyphenols appear to have a positive effect on the gut microbiome, which may decrease inflammation that contributes to the disease. Therefore, a diet rich in polyphenols may decrease the symptoms and increase quality of life in PD patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - John T. Weber
- School of Pharmacy, Memorial University, St. John’s, NL A1B 3V6, Canada; (S.A.); (T.S.); (B.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Hou L, Zhang L, Hong JS, Zhang D, Zhao J, Wang Q. Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate Oxidase and Neurodegenerative Diseases: Mechanisms and Therapy. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 33:374-393. [PMID: 31968994 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.8014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Significance: The growing incidence of neurodegenerative diseases significantly impacts the individuals who suffer from these disorders and is a major health concern globally. Although the specific mechanisms of neurodegenerative diseases are still far from being acknowledged, it is becoming clear that oxidative stress and neuroinflammation are critical contributing factors to the progression of neurodegeneration. Thus, it is conceivable that the inhibition of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation may represent promising therapeutic targets for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Recent Advances: Recently, the strategy for neurodegenerative disease therapy has shifted from the use of antioxidants and conventional anti-inflammatory targets to upstream mediators due to the failure of most antioxidants and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in clinical trials. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidases (NOXs), a family of superoxide-producing enzyme complexes, have been identified as an upstream factor that controls both oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. Genetic inactivation or pharmacological inhibition of NOX enzymes displays potent neuroprotective effects in a broad spectrum of neurodegenerative disease models. Critical Issues: The detailed mechanisms of how NOX enzymes regulate oxidative stress and neuroinflammation still remain unclear. Moreover, the currently available inhibitors of NOX enzymes exhibit nonspecificity, off-target effects, unsuitable pharmacokinetic properties, and even high toxicity, markedly limiting their potential clinical applications. Future Directions: This review provides novel insights into the roles of NOXs in neurodegenerative pharmacology, and indicates the types of NOX enzyme inhibitors that should be identified and developed as candidates for future applications, which might reveal novel neurodegenerative disease therapies based on NOXs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liyan Hou
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Drug-Research and Development (R&D) of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jau-Shyong Hong
- Neuropharmacology Section, Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Dan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functions, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Drug-Research and Development (R&D) of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qingshan Wang
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Drug-Research and Development (R&D) of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Sharma V, Kaur A, Singh TG. Counteracting role of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 pathway in Alzheimer's disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 129:110373. [PMID: 32603894 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A salient pathological features in Alzheimer's disease includes redox impairment and neuroinflammation. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-ҡB) are the two key transcription factors that regulate cellular responses to redox impairment and neuroinflammation respectively. An effective way to confer neuroprotection in central nervous system (CNS) is the activation of a transcription factor i.e Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). An enhancer element known as Antioxidant Response Element (ARE) mediates the expression of phase II detoxification enzymes. Nrf2 is a nuclear transcription factor that binds to ARE thereby transcribing expression of several antioxidant genes. Kelch ECH associating protein-1 (Keap1), a culin 3-based E3 ligase, polyubiquitinates Nrf2 and targets it for its degradation. Disruption in the interaction between Keap1/Nrf2 can increase the brain's endogenous antioxidant capacity and thereby responsible for cell defence against oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The current review discusses about Keap1-Nrf2-ARE structure and function with special emphasis on the various pathways involved in positive and negative modulation of Nrf2, namely Phosphoinositide 3- kinase (PI3K), Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β), Nuclear factor kappa-b (NF-ҡb), Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT),Tumour Necrosis Factor- α (TNF-α), p38Mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38MAPK), Cyclic AMP response element binding protein (CREB) and intrinsic & extrinsic apoptotic pathway. Furthermore, this review highlights the miscellaneous Nrf2 activators as promising therapeutic agents for slowingdown the progression of AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veerta Sharma
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Amarjot Kaur
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Farrerol Directly Targets GSK-3 β to Activate Nrf2-ARE Pathway and Protect EA.hy926 Cells against Oxidative Stress-Induced Injuries. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:5967434. [PMID: 32082480 PMCID: PMC7007950 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5967434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress-mediated endothelial injury is considered to be involved in the pathogenesis of various cardiovascular diseases. Farrerol, a typical natural flavanone from the medicinal plant Rhododendron dauricum L., has been reported to show protective effects against oxidative stress-induced endothelial injuries in our previous study. However, its action molecular mechanisms and targets are still unclear. In the present study, we determined whether farrerol can interact with glycogen synthase kinase 3β- (GSK-3β-) nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2- (Nrf2-) antioxidant response element (ARE) signaling, which is critical in defense against oxidative stress. Our results demonstrated that farrerol could specifically target Nrf2 negative regulator GSK-3β and inhibit its kinase activity. Mechanistic studies proved that farrerol could induce an inhibitory phosphorylation of GSK-3β at Ser9 without affecting the expression level of total GSK-3β protein and promote the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 as well as the mRNA and protein expression of its downstream target genes heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) in EA.hy926 cells. Further studies performed with GSK-3β siRNA and specific inhibitor lithium chloride (LiCl) confirmed that GSK-3β inhibition was involved in farrerol-mediated endothelial protection and Nrf2 signaling activation. Moreover, molecular docking and molecular dynamics studies revealed that farrerol could bind to the ATP pocket of GSK-3β, which is consistent with the ATP-competitive kinetic behavior. Collectively, our results firstly demonstrate that farrerol could attenuate endothelial oxidative stress by specifically targeting GSK-3β and further activating the Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway.
Collapse
|
42
|
Farrerol alleviates high glucose-induced renal mesangial cell injury through the ROS/Nox4/ERK1/2 pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2020; 316:108921. [PMID: 31838053 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.108921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hyperproliferation and oxidative stress induced by hyperglycemia in mesangial cells plays crucial roles in the pathological process of diabetic nephropathy. Farrerol, isolated from rhododendron leaves, possesses broad anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties towards several diseases, but its role in diabetic neuropathy remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of farrerol in high glucose induced mesangial cell injury, and to explore underlying molecular mechanisms. Our results showed that high glucose in vitro conditions significantly stimulated cell proliferation, inflammatory cytokine secretion, extracellular matrix deposition, excessive oxidative stress, and NADPH oxidase activity in mesangial cells. Levels of NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4) expression, ERK1/2 phosphorylation, and TGF-β1/Smad2 activation were significantly induced by high glucose conditions in mesangial cells. Inversely, farrerol treatments at 40, 60, and 80 μM concentrations, dose-dependently alleviated this molecular damage by high glucose in mesangial cells. We also found that restoration of Nox4 expression abolished the protective effects of farrerol on high glucose-induced proliferation and reactive oxygen species generation. Furthermore, pretreatment with the Nox4 inhibitor diphenyliodonium or the ERK1/2 pathway inhibitor PD98059, displayed similar ameliorated effects of farrerol on high glucose-induced mesangial cell damage. Taken together, these data suggest that farrerol displays protective effects on high glucose induced mesangial cell injury, partly through the Nox4-mediated ROS/ERK1/2 signaling pathway. These observations may provide novel insights into the application of farrerol as a diabetic neuropathy treatment.
Collapse
|
43
|
Li H, Lv L, Wu C, Qi J, Shi B. Methyl Jasmonate Protects Microglial Cells Against β-Amyloid-Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammation via Nrf2-Dependent HO-1 Pathway. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2020; 16:1399-1410. [PMID: 32606694 PMCID: PMC7283234 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s241142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND β-Amyloid (Aβ) induces oxidative stress and inflammation of microglial cells, thus leading to Alzheimer's disease. Methyl jasmonate (MeJA) is reported to have anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects. However, the potential roles of MeJA in Aβ-induced cell activities and the underlying mechanism are unclear. METHODS Microglial cell line BV-2 was stimulated by 20 μM Aβ and/or 20 μM MeJA and then divided into four groups (control, Aβ, MeJA, and Aβ+MeJA). Cell viability was detected by MTT assay. MDA, SOD activity, and ROS were detected by fluorescence spectrophotometry and immunofluorescence assay. Nrf2 and HO-1 were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot. Furthermore, inflammatory cytokines (p-NFκB, TLR4, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) and apoptosis factors (Bcl-2, Bax, and cl-casp-3) were detected by Western blot. TUNEL assay was applied to investigate apoptosis rate. Moreover, the mechanism of how MeJA played anti-oxidative stress and anti-inflammatory roles was investigated by silencing of Nrf2 via siRNA. RESULTS The result of MTT assay showed that MeJA improved the decreased viability of BV-2 cells induced by Aβ. The detection of MDA, SOD activity, and ROS showed the oxidative stress levels were decreased in Aβ+MeJA group compared with Aβ group. Nrf2, HO-1, and SOD were significantly up-regulated in Aβ+MeJA group compared with Aβ group (p<0.01). In contrast, inflammatory cytokines were significantly down-regulated in Aβ+MeJA group compared with Aβ group (p<0.05). Similarly, the expressions of apoptosis cytokines and TUNEL assay suggested a decreased apoptosis rate in Aβ+MeJA group compared to Aβ group (p<0.01). Finally, results of Nrf2 knockdown experiment showed down-regulations of anti-oxidative stress factors (Nrf2, HO-1 and SOD), up-regulations of inflammatory cytokines, and increased ratio of Bax to Bcl in Aβ+MeJA+si-Nrf2 group compared with Aβ+MeJA group (p<0.01). CONCLUSION MeJA could relieve Aβ-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory response in microglial cells by activating Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Li
- Department of Neurology, Anqiu People's Hospital, Anqiu 262100, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Limei Lv
- Department of Neurology, Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Anqiu, Anqiu 262100, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyan Wu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical College, Weifang 261031, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jisheng Qi
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shandong Rongjun General Hospital, Jinan 250000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Baolin Shi
- Department of Neurology, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang 261031, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Zhang J, Cai W, Fan Z, Yang C, Wang W, Xiong M, Ma C, Yang J. MicroRNA-24 inhibits the oxidative stress induced by vascular injury by activating the Nrf2/Ho-1 signaling pathway. Atherosclerosis 2019; 290:9-18. [PMID: 31539718 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The process of endothelial repair in diabetic patients after stent implantation was significantly delayed compared with that in non-diabetic patients, and oxidative stress is increasingly considered to be relevant to the pathogenesis of diabetic endothelial repair. However, the mechanisms linking diabetes and reendothelialization after vascular injury have not been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of microRNA-24 (miR-24) up-regulation in delayed endothelial repair caused by oxidative stress after balloon injury in diabetic rats. METHODS In vitro, vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) isolated from the thoracic aorta were stimulated with high glucose (HG) after miR-24 recombinant adenovirus (Ad-miR-24-GFP) transfection for 3 days. In vivo, diabetic rats induced using high-fat diet (HFD) and low-dose streptozotocin (30 mg/kg) underwent carotid artery balloon injury followed by Ad-miR-24-GFP transfection for 20 min. RESULTS The expression of miR-24 was decreased in HG-stimulated VSMCs and balloon-injured carotid arteries of diabetic rats, which was accompanied by increased expression of Ogt and Keap1 and decreased expression of Nrf2 and Ho-1. Up-regulation of miR-24 suppressed VSMC oxidative stress induced by HG in vitro, and miR-24 up-regulation promoted reendothelialization in balloon-injured diabetic rats. The underlying mechanism was related to the activation of the Nrf2/Ho-1 signaling pathway, which subsequently suppressed intracellular reactive oxidative species (ROS) production and malondialdehyde (MDA) and NADPH oxidase (Nox) activity, and to the restoration of Sod and Gsh-px activation. CONCLUSIONS The up-regulation of miR-24 significantly promoted endothelial repair after balloon injury through inhibition of oxidative stress by activating the Nrf2/Ho-1 signaling pathway.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Blood Glucose/metabolism
- Carotid Artery Injuries/enzymology
- Carotid Artery Injuries/genetics
- Carotid Artery Injuries/pathology
- Cell Proliferation
- Cells, Cultured
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/enzymology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology
- Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing)/metabolism
- Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1/genetics
- Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1/metabolism
- Male
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/enzymology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/enzymology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases/genetics
- N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases/metabolism
- NF-E2-Related Factor 2/metabolism
- Oxidative Stress
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Re-Epithelialization
- Signal Transduction
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Central Laboratory, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University & Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, 443003, China; Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University & Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, 443003, China; Yichang Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Translational Medicine, China
| | - Wanyin Cai
- Central Laboratory, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University & Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, 443003, China; Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University & Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, 443003, China; Yichang Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Translational Medicine, China
| | - Zhixing Fan
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University & Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, 443003, China; Yichang Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Translational Medicine, China
| | - Chaojun Yang
- Central Laboratory, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University & Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, 443003, China; Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University & Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, 443003, China; Yichang Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Translational Medicine, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Central Laboratory, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University & Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, 443003, China; Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University & Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, 443003, China; Yichang Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Translational Medicine, China
| | - Mengting Xiong
- Central Laboratory, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University & Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, 443003, China; Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University & Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, 443003, China; Yichang Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Translational Medicine, China
| | - Cong Ma
- Central Laboratory, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University & Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, 443003, China; Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University & Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, 443003, China; Yichang Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Translational Medicine, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University & Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, 443003, China; Yichang Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Translational Medicine, China.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Isoflurane preconditioning protects hepatocytes from oxygen glucose deprivation injury by regulating FoxO6. J Biosci 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-019-9967-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
46
|
Liu X, Song Z, Bai J, Nauwynck H, Zhao Y, Jiang P. Xanthohumol inhibits PRRSV proliferation and alleviates oxidative stress induced by PRRSV via the Nrf2-HMOX1 axis. Vet Res 2019; 50:61. [PMID: 31506103 PMCID: PMC6737628 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-019-0679-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is a prevalent and endemic swine pathogen that causes significant economic losses in the global swine industry. Commercial vaccines provide limited protection against this virus, and no highly effective therapeutic drugs are yet available. In this study, we first screened a library of 386 natural products and found that xanthohumol (Xn), a prenylated flavonoid found in hops, displayed high anti-PRRSV activity by inhibiting PRRSV adsorption onto and internalization into cells. Transcriptome sequencing revealed that Xn treatment stimulates genes associated with the antioxidant response in the nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signalling pathway. Xn causes increased expression of Nrf2, HMOX1, GCLC, GCLM, and NQO1 in Marc-145 cells. The action of Xn against PRRSV proliferation depends on Nrf2 in Marc-145 cells and porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs). This finding suggests that Xn significantly inhibits PRRSV proliferation and decreases viral-induced oxidative stress by activating the Nrf2–HMOX1 pathway. This information should be helpful for developing a novel prophylactic and therapeutic strategy against PRRSV infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuewei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Diagnostics and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, MOE International Joint Collaborative Research Laboratory for Animal Health & Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhongbao Song
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Diagnostics and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, MOE International Joint Collaborative Research Laboratory for Animal Health & Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Juan Bai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Diagnostics and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, MOE International Joint Collaborative Research Laboratory for Animal Health & Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Hans Nauwynck
- Laboratory of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Yongxiang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Diagnostics and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, MOE International Joint Collaborative Research Laboratory for Animal Health & Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ping Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Diagnostics and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, MOE International Joint Collaborative Research Laboratory for Animal Health & Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China. .,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Ye C, Jin M, Jin C, Wang R, Wang J, Zhang Y, Li S, Sun J, Zhou W, Li G. Two novel flavonoids from the leaves of Rhododendron dauricum L. with their inhibition of TNF-α production in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. Nat Prod Res 2019; 35:1331-1339. [PMID: 31385536 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1648455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Two new flavonoids, (2S)-6,8-dimethyl-5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyflavanone 4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1) and quercetin 3-O-β-D-(6''-p-methoxybenzoyl)-galactopyranoside (2), together with ten known flavonoids (3-12) were isolated from the leaves of Rhododendron dauricum L. The structures of the flavonoids were characterized from spectroscopic data (1D and 2D NMR and HR-ESI-MS). The isolated flavonoids were evaluated for their inhibitory effects on the production of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Compound 11 exhibited inhibitory activity against TNF-α production with an IC50 value of 46.2 ± 1.2 µM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ye
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, P. R. China
| | - Mei Jin
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, P. R. China.,Department of Pharmacy, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, P. R. China
| | - Chunshi Jin
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, P. R. China
| | - Rongshen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, P. R. China
| | - Jiaming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, P. R. China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, P. R. China
| | - Sainan Li
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, P. R. China
| | - Jinfeng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, P. R. China
| | - Gao Li
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Wei R, Enaka M, Muragaki Y. Activation of KEAP1/NRF2/P62 signaling alleviates high phosphate-induced calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells by suppressing reactive oxygen species production. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10366. [PMID: 31316111 PMCID: PMC6637199 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46824-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification is a complication of diseases and conditions such as chronic kidney disease, diabetes, and aging. Previous studies have demonstrated that high concentrations of inorganic phosphate (Pi) can induce oxidative stress and vascular smooth muscle cell calcification. KEAP1 (Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1)/NF-E2-related factor 2 (NRF2) signaling has been shown to play important roles in protecting cells from oxidative stress. The current study aims to investigate the possible involvement of the KEAP1/NRF2/P62 -mediated antioxidant pathway in vascular calcification induced by high Pi levels. Exposure of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) to high Pi concentrations promoted the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the nuclear translocation of NRF2, along with an increase in P62 levels and a decrease in KEAP1 levels. A classic NRF2 activator, tert-butylhydroquinone (tBHQ), significantly decreased ROS levels and calcium deposition in VSMCs by promoting the nuclear translocation of NRF2 and upregulating P62 and KEAP1 expression. In contrast, silencing NRF2 and P62 with siRNAs increased the levels of ROS and calcium deposition in VSMCs. In conclusion, VSMC calcification can be alleviated by the activation of the KEAP1/NRF2/P62 antioxidative pathway, which could have a protective role when it is exogenously activated by tBHQ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ran Wei
- Department of Pathology, Wakayama Medical University School of Medicine, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Mayu Enaka
- Department of Pathology, Wakayama Medical University School of Medicine, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Yasuteru Muragaki
- Department of Pathology, Wakayama Medical University School of Medicine, Wakayama, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|