1
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Nandana MB, Bharatha M, Praveen R, Nayaka S, Vishwanath BS, Rajaiah R. Dimethyl ester of bilirubin ameliorates Naja naja snake venom-induced lung toxicity in mice via inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome and MAPKs activation. Toxicon 2024; 244:107757. [PMID: 38740099 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Naja naja snake bite causes thousands of deaths worldwide in a year. N. naja envenomed victims exhibit both local and systemic reactions that potentially lead to death. In clinical practice, pulmonary complications in N. naja envenomation are commonly encountered. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying N. naja venom-induced lung toxicity remain unknown. Here, we reasoned that N. naja venom-induced lung toxicity is prompted by NLRP3 inflammasome and MAPKs activation in mice. Treatment with dimethyl ester of bilirubin (BD1), significantly inhibited the N. naja venom-induced activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and MAPKs both in vivo and in vitro (p < 0.05). Further, BD1 reduced N. naja venom-induced recruitment of inflammatory cells, and hemorrhage in the lung toxicity examined by histopathology. BD1 also diminished N. naja venom-induced local toxicities in paw edema and myotoxicity in mice. Furthermore, BD1 was able to enhance the survival time against N. naja venom-induced mortality in mice. In conclusion, the present data showed that BD1 alleviated N. naja venom-induced lung toxicity by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome and MAPKs activation. Small molecule inhibitors that intervene in venom-induced toxicities may have therapeutic applications complementing anti-snake venom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuganahalli B Nandana
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, Karnataka, 570006, India; Department of Studies in Molecular Biology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, Karnataka, 570006, India
| | - Madeva Bharatha
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, Karnataka, 570006, India
| | - Raju Praveen
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, Karnataka, 570006, India
| | - Spandan Nayaka
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, Karnataka, 570006, India
| | - Bannikuppe S Vishwanath
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, Karnataka, 570006, India.
| | - Rajesh Rajaiah
- Department of Studies in Molecular Biology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, Karnataka, 570006, India.
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2
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Al-Kuraishy HM, Mazhar Ashour MH, Saad HM, Batiha GES. COVID-19 and β-thalassemia: in lieu of evidence and vague nexus. Ann Hematol 2024; 103:1423-1433. [PMID: 37405444 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-023-05346-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing acute systemic disorders and multi-organ damage. β-thalassemia (β-T) is an autosomal recessive disorder leading to the development of anemia. β-T may lead to complications such as immunological disorders, iron overload, oxidative stress, and endocrinopathy. β-T and associated complications may increase the risk of SARS-CoV-2, as inflammatory disturbances and oxidative stress disorders are linked with COVID-19. Therefore, the objective of the present review was to elucidate the potential link between β-T and COVID-19 regarding the underlying comorbidities. The present review showed that most of the β-T patients with COVID-19 revealed mild to moderate clinical features, and β-T may not be linked with Covid-19 severity. Though patients with transfusion-dependent β-T (TDT) develop less COVID-19 severity compared to non-transfusion-depend β-T(NTDT), preclinical and clinical studies are recommended in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayder M Al-Kuraishy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutic Medicine, College of Medicine, Al-Mustansiriyiah University, Box 14132, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | - Hebatallah M Saad
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Matrouh University, Marsa Matruh, 51744, Egypt.
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, AlBeheira, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt
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3
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Zhao X, Duan B, Wu J, Huang L, Dai S, Ding J, Sun M, Lin X, Jiang Y, Sun T, Lu R, Huang H, Lin G, Chen R, Yao Q, Kou L. Bilirubin ameliorates osteoarthritis via activating Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and suppressing NF-κB signalling. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18173. [PMID: 38494841 PMCID: PMC10945086 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disease that affects worldwide. Oxidative stress plays a critical role in the chronic inflammation and OA progression. Scavenging overproduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) could be rational strategy for OA treatment. Bilirubin (BR) is a potent endogenous antioxidant that can scavenge various ROS and also exhibit anti-inflammatory effects. However, whether BR could exert protection on chondrocytes for OA treatment has not yet been elucidated. Here, chondrocytes were exposed to hydrogen peroxide with or without BR treatment. The cell viability was assessed, and the intracellular ROS, inflammation cytokines were monitored to indicate the state of chondrocytes. In addition, BR was also tested on LPS-treated Raw264.7 cells to test the anti-inflammation property. An in vitro bimimic OA microenvironment was constructed by LPS-treated Raw264.7 and chondrocytes, and BR also exert certain protection for chondrocytes by activating Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and suppressing NF-κB signalling. An ACLT-induced OA model was constructed to test the in vivo therapeutic efficacy of BR. Compared to the clinical used HA, BR significantly reduced cartilage degeneration and delayed OA progression. Overall, our data shows that BR has a protective effect on chondrocytes and can delay OA progression caused by oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Zhao
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Department of PharmacyThe Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang ProvinceWenzhouChina
| | - Baiqun Duan
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Department of PharmacyThe Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang ProvinceWenzhouChina
| | - Jianing Wu
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Department of PharmacyThe Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang ProvinceWenzhouChina
| | - Lihui Huang
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Department of PharmacyThe Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang ProvinceWenzhouChina
| | - Sheng Dai
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Department of PharmacyThe Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang ProvinceWenzhouChina
| | - Jie Ding
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Department of PharmacyThe Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang ProvinceWenzhouChina
| | - Meng Sun
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Department of PharmacyThe Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang ProvinceWenzhouChina
| | - Xinlu Lin
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Department of PharmacyThe Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Yiling Jiang
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Department of PharmacyThe Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Tuyue Sun
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Department of PharmacyThe Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Ruijie Lu
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Department of PharmacyThe Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Huirong Huang
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Department of PharmacyThe Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Innovation and Application of Intelligent Radiotherapy TechnologyWenzhouChina
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Guangyong Lin
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Department of PharmacyThe Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Ruijie Chen
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Department of PharmacyThe Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang ProvinceWenzhouChina
- Zhejiang‐Hong Kong Precision Theranostics of Thoracic Tumors Joint LaboratoryWenzhouChina
| | - Qing Yao
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Department of PharmacyThe Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Longfa Kou
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Department of PharmacyThe Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang ProvinceWenzhouChina
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Innovation and Application of Intelligent Radiotherapy TechnologyWenzhouChina
- Zhejiang‐Hong Kong Precision Theranostics of Thoracic Tumors Joint LaboratoryWenzhouChina
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4
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Ramalingam V. NLRP3 inhibitors: Unleashing their therapeutic potential against inflammatory diseases. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 218:115915. [PMID: 37949323 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome has been linked to the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and is essential for innate defence against infection and danger signals. These secreted cytokines improve the inflammatory response caused by tissue damage and associated inflammation. Consequently, the development of NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors are viable option for the treatment of diverse inflammatory disorders. The significant anti-inflammatory effects of the NLRP3 inhibitors have severe side effects. Hence, the application of NLRP3 inhibitors against inflammatory disease has not yet been understood and most of the developed inhibitors are unsuccessful in clinical trials. The processes behind the NLRP3 complex, priming, and activation are the main emphasis of this review, which also covers therapeutical inhibitors of the NLRP3 inflammasome and potential therapeutic strategies for directing the NLRP3 inflammasome towards clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaikundamoorthy Ramalingam
- Department of Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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5
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Yazal T, Lee PY, Chen PR, Chen IC, Liu PL, Chen YR, Lin TC, Chen YT, Huang SP, Yeh HC, Liu CC, Lo J, Wu HE, Wang SC, Li CY. Kurarinone exerts anti-inflammatory effect via reducing ROS production, suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome, and protecting against LPS-induced sepsis. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115619. [PMID: 37804813 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Kurarinone, a major lavandulyl flavanone found in the roots of Sophora flavescens aiton, has been reported to exhibit anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activities in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophages; however, the effects of kurarinone on the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and the protective effects against sepsis have not been well investigated. In this study, we aimed to investigate the impacts of kurarinone on NLRP3 inflammasome activation in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophages and its protective effects against sepsis in vivo. Secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, activation of MAPKs and NF-κB signaling pathways, formation of NLRP3 inflammasome, and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by LPS-induced macrophages were examined; additionally, in vivo LPS-induced endotoxemia model was used to investigate the protective effects of kurarinone in sepsis-induced damages. Our experimental results demonstrated that kurarinone inhibited the expression of iNOS and COX-2, suppressed the phosphorylation of MAPKs, attenuated the production of TNF-α, IL-6, nitric oxide (NO) and ROS, repressed the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, and impeded the maturation and secretion of IL-1β and caspase-1. Furthermore, the administration of kurarinone attenuated the infiltration of neutrophils in the lung, kidneys and liver, reduced the expression of organ damage markers, and increased the survival rate in LPS-challenged mice. Collectively, our study demonstrated that kurarinone can protect against LPS-induced sepsis damage and exert anti-inflammatory effects via inhibiting MAPK/NF-κB pathways, attenuating NLRP3 inflammasome formation, and preventing intracellular ROS accumulation, suggesting that kurarinone might have potential for treating sepsis and inflammation-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taha Yazal
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yen Lee
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Rong Chen
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - I-Chen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Po-Len Liu
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Ru Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chieh Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Chen
- Department of Pathology, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 427213, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Pin Huang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Chih Yeh
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 80145, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chih Liu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Department of Ophthalmology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71004, Taiwan
| | - Jung Lo
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-En Wu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chi Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Yang Li
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan; Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan.
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6
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Cui Y, Wu C, Li L, shi H, Li C, Yin S. Toward nanotechnology-enabled application of bilirubin in the treatment and diagnosis of various civilization diseases. Mater Today Bio 2023; 20:100658. [PMID: 37214553 PMCID: PMC10196858 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Bilirubin, an open chain tetrapyrrole, has powerful antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immuno-suppressive, metabolic-modulating and anti-proliferative activities. Bilirubin is a natural molecule that is produced and metabolized within the human body, making it highly biocompatible and well suited for clinical use. However, the use of bilirubin has been hampered by its poor water solubility and instability. With advanced construction strategies, bilirubin-derived nanoparticles (BRNPs) have not only overcome the disadvantages of bilirubin but also enhanced its therapeutic effects by targeting damaged tissues, passing through physiological barriers, and ensuring controlled sustained release. We review the mechanisms underlying the biological activities of bilirubin, BRNP preparation strategies and BRNP applications in various disease models. Based on their superior performance, BRNPs require further exploration of their efficacy, biodistribution and long-term biosafety in nonhuman primate models that recapitulate human disease to promote their clinical translation.
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7
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Salgar S, Bolívar BE, Flanagan JM, Anum SJ, Bouchier-Hayes L. The NLRP3 inflammasome fires up heme-induced inflammation in hemolytic conditions. Transl Res 2023; 252:34-44. [PMID: 36041706 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2022.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Overactive inflammatory responses are central to the pathophysiology of many hemolytic conditions including sickle cell disease. Excessive hemolysis leads to elevated serum levels of heme due to saturation of heme scavenging mechanisms. Extracellular heme has been shown to activate the NLRP3 inflammasome, leading to activation of caspase-1 and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18. Heme also activates the non-canonical inflammasome pathway, which may contribute to NLRP3 inflammasome formation and leads to pyroptosis, a type of inflammatory cell death. Some clinical studies indicate there is a benefit to blocking the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway in patients with sickle cell disease and other hemolytic conditions. However, a thorough understanding of the mechanisms of heme-induced inflammasome activation is needed to fully leverage this pathway for clinical benefit. This review will explore the mechanisms of heme-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation and the role of this pathway in hemolytic conditions including sickle cell disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suruchi Salgar
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Texas Children's Hospital William T. Shearer Center for Human Immunobiology, Houston, Texas
| | - Beatriz E Bolívar
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Texas Children's Hospital William T. Shearer Center for Human Immunobiology, Houston, Texas; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Jonathan M Flanagan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Texas Children's Hospital William T. Shearer Center for Human Immunobiology, Houston, Texas
| | - Shaniqua J Anum
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Texas Children's Hospital William T. Shearer Center for Human Immunobiology, Houston, Texas
| | - Lisa Bouchier-Hayes
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Texas Children's Hospital William T. Shearer Center for Human Immunobiology, Houston, Texas; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
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8
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Xia X, Lin H, Luo F, Wu X, Zhu L, Chen S, Luo H, Ye F, Peng X, Zhang Y, Yang G, Lin Q. Oryzanol Ameliorates DSS-Stimulated Gut Barrier Damage via Targeting the Gut Microbiota Accompanied by the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 Cascade Response In Vivo. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:15747-15762. [PMID: 36474430 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c04354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a global chronic disease with a long duration and repeated relapse. Currently, there is still a lack of effective approaches to prevent IBD. Food-derived oryzanol (ORY) possesses extensive biological activities, such as ameliorating bowel diseases, antioxidation, and antiobesity. However, the mechanism of ORY in preventing colitis remains unclear. The present research aims to explore the potential mechanism of ORY in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-stimulated colitis in a rat model. The results showed that the symptoms of colitis were significantly improved with the administration of ORY. Mechanismly, the expression levels of Zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), Claudin-1, Occludin, MUC2, and TFF3 were elevated through ORY treatment, suggesting that oral ORY relieved the degree of gut barrier damage of colitis rats. Meanwhile, 16S sequencing results found that ORY supplementation increased the abundances of Alloprevotella, Roseburia, Treponema, Muribaculaceae, and Ruminococcus, which are associated with the synthesis of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Moreover, GC-MS results confirmed that ORY supplementation reversed the DSS-induced reduction of acetic acid, butyric acid, and total acid. Further research indicated that ORY intervention downregulated the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway, which is closely linked to the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and colon injury. Taken together, ORY ameliorates DSS-stimulated gut barrier damage and inflammatory responses via the gut microbiota-TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Xia
- National Research Center of Rice Deep Process and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China
- National Center of Dark Tea Product Quality Inspection & Testing (Hunan), Yiyang Testing Institute of Product and Commodity Quality Supervision, Yiyang 413000, Hunan, China
| | - Hai Lin
- National Center of Dark Tea Product Quality Inspection & Testing (Hunan), Yiyang Testing Institute of Product and Commodity Quality Supervision, Yiyang 413000, Hunan, China
| | - Feijun Luo
- National Research Center of Rice Deep Process and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Xiuxiu Wu
- National Research Center of Rice Deep Process and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Lingfeng Zhu
- National Research Center of Rice Deep Process and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China
- Hunan Agricultural Product Processing Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Shuilian Chen
- National Center of Dark Tea Product Quality Inspection & Testing (Hunan), Yiyang Testing Institute of Product and Commodity Quality Supervision, Yiyang 413000, Hunan, China
| | - Han Luo
- National Research Center of Rice Deep Process and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Fan Ye
- National Research Center of Rice Deep Process and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Xia Peng
- National Center of Dark Tea Product Quality Inspection & Testing (Hunan), Yiyang Testing Institute of Product and Commodity Quality Supervision, Yiyang 413000, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- National Center of Dark Tea Product Quality Inspection & Testing (Hunan), Yiyang Testing Institute of Product and Commodity Quality Supervision, Yiyang 413000, Hunan, China
| | - Guliang Yang
- National Research Center of Rice Deep Process and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Qinlu Lin
- National Research Center of Rice Deep Process and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China
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9
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Li Y, Sheng H, Yan Z, Guan B, Qiang S, Qian J, Wang Y. Bilirubin stabilizes the mitochondrial membranes during NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 203:115204. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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10
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Qiu Y, Huang Y, Chen M, Yang Y, Li X, Zhang W. Mitochondrial DNA in NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 108:108719. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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11
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Seyed Khoei N, Wagner KH, Sedlmeier AM, Gunter MJ, Murphy N, Freisling H. Bilirubin as an indicator of cardiometabolic health: a cross-sectional analysis in the UK Biobank. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2022; 21:54. [PMID: 35436955 PMCID: PMC9017025 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-022-01484-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mildly elevated bilirubin, a by-product of hemoglobin breakdown, might mitigate cardiometabolic risk factors including adiposity, dyslipidemia, and high blood pressure (BP). We investigated the cross-sectional relationship between (total) bilirubin and baseline cardiometabolic risk factors in 467,519 UK Biobank study participants. METHODS We used multivariable-adjusted linear regression to estimate associations between bilirubin levels and risk factors of cardiometabolic diseases including body mass index (BMI), waist and hip circumferences (WC, HC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), fat mass (FM), and trunk FM, and the blood lipids: apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I), apolipoprotein B (apoB), apoB/apoA-I, lipoprotein (a), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), LDL/HDL, TC/HDL, triglycerides (TG). Log-transformed bilirubin was modelled with restricted cubic splines and predicted mean values with 99% confidence intervals (CI) for each risk marker were estimated, separately. Second, we applied principal component analysis (PCA) for dimension reduction to in turn six anthropometric traits (height, weight, BMI, WC, HC, and WHR) and all above lipids. Last, we estimated associations (99%CI) between bilirubin and three components of the metabolic syndrome, i.e. WC, TG, and BP using logistic regression. RESULTS After multivariable adjustments, higher levels of bilirubin were inversely associated with indicators of general adiposity (BMI and FM) and of body fat distribution (WC, HC, WHR, and trunk FM) in both men and women. For example, women with mildly elevated bilirubin (95th percentile equal to 15.0 µmol/L), compared to women with low bilirubin (5th percentile equal to 4.5 µmol/L), had on average a 2.0 kg/m2 (99% CI 1.9-2.1) lower BMI. Inverse associations were also observed with dyslipidemia among men and women. For example, mildly elevated bilirubin among men (95th percentile equal to 19.4 µmol/L) compared to low levels of bilirubin (5th percentile equal to 5.5 µmol/L) were associated with approx. 0.55 mmol/L (99% CI 0.53-0.56) lower TG levels, with similar inverse associations among women. Multiple-trait analyses using PCA confirmed single-trait analyses. Men and women with mildly elevated bilirubin levels ≥ 17.1 µmol/L, compared to low-normal bilirubin < 10 µmol/L had 13% (99% CI 8%-18%) and 11% (99% CI 4%-17%) lower odds of exceeding systolic BP levels of ≥ 130 mm Hg, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Higher levels of bilirubin were inversely associated with cardiometabolic risk factors including adiposity, dyslipidemia, and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazlisadat Seyed Khoei
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Research Platform of Active Ageing, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karl-Heinz Wagner
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Research Platform of Active Ageing, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anja M Sedlmeier
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Marc J Gunter
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372, Lyon CEDEX 08, France
| | - Neil Murphy
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372, Lyon CEDEX 08, France
| | - Heinz Freisling
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372, Lyon CEDEX 08, France.
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12
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Biliverdin/Bilirubin Redox Pair Protects Lens Epithelial Cells against Oxidative Stress in Age-Related Cataract by Regulating NF- κB/iNOS and Nrf2/HO-1 Pathways. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:7299182. [PMID: 35480872 PMCID: PMC9036166 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7299182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Age-related cataract (ARC) is the leading cause of vision impairment globally. It has been widely accepted that excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in lens epithelial cells (LECs) is a critical risk factor for ARC formation. Biliverdin (BV)/bilirubin (BR) redox pair is the active by-product of heme degradation with robust antioxidative stress and antiapoptotic effects. Thus, we purpose that BV and BR may have a therapeutic effect on ARC. In the present study, we determine the expression levels of enzymes regulating BV and BR generation in human lens anterior capsule samples. The therapeutic effect of BV/BR redox pair on ARC was assessed in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-damaged mouse LECs in vitro. The NF-κB/inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) signaling pathways were evaluated to illustrate the molecular mechanism. The results revealed that the mRNA expressions of Nrf2, HO-1, and biliverdin reductase A (BVRA) were all decreased in human samples of age-related nuclear cataract. BV/BR redox pair pretreatment protected LECs against H2O2 damage by prohibiting NF-κB p65 nuclear trafficking, ameliorating iNOS expression, reducing intracellular and mitochondrial ROS levels, and restoring glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels. BV and BR pretreatment also regulated the expression of apoptotic molecules (Bax, Bcl-2, and cleaved caspase-3), thus decreasing the apoptosis of LECs. In addition, BV/BR pair promoted Nrf2 nuclear accumulation and HO-1 induction, whereas the knockdown of BVRA counteracted the effect of BV on activating Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and antiapoptosis. These findings implicated that BV/BR redox pair protects LECs against H2O2-induced apoptosis by regulating NF-κB/iNOS and Nrf2/HO-1 pathways. Moreover, BVRA is responsible for BV-mediated cytoprotection by reductive conversion of BV to BR. This trial is registered with ChiCTR2000036059.
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13
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Huang Z, Shi Y, Wang H, Chun C, Chen L, Wang K, Lu Z, Zhao Y, Li X. Protective Effects of Chitosan-Bilirubin Nanoparticles Against Ethanol-Induced Gastric Ulcers. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 16:8235-8250. [PMID: 34992363 PMCID: PMC8709796 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s344805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Gastric ulcers (GU) are a disease of the gastrointestinal tract that can be caused by excessive alcohol consumption and heavy use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. GU manifests predominantly as pathological damage, such as extensive inflammatory erosion and superficial bleeding of the gastric mucosa. Oxidative stress damage and the inflammatory response are now considered important predisposing factors for GU, suggesting that antioxidant and anti-inflammatory drugs could be treatments for GU. Nanoparticle drug carriers offer many advantages over conventional drugs, such as improved drug efficiency, increased drug stability, and increased half-life. Methods We designed chitosan-bilirubin conjugate (CS-BR) nanoparticles and assessed the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant abilities of CS-BR in gastric epithelial cells. Then, we evaluated the intragastric retention time and the anti-ulcer effects of CS-BR in vivo. Results The in vitro data showed that CS-BR nanoparticles protect gastric epithelial cells against oxidative/inflammatory injury. The in vivo study demonstrated that CS-BR nanoparticles accumulate permanently in the stomach and exert powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects against GU. Conclusion This study applied bilirubin to the treatment of GU and confirmed that CS-BR nanoparticles are effective at alleviating acute GU in an experimental model. The findings provide innovative ideas for prophylaxis against or treatment of GU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Huang
- Department of Emergency, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, People's Republic of China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, People's Republic of China.,Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Yannan Shi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, People's Republic of China
| | - Hengcai Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, People's Republic of China
| | - Changju Chun
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Longwang Chen
- Department of Emergency, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, People's Republic of China.,Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Wenzhou, 325035, People's Republic of China
| | - Kang Wang
- Department of Emergency, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, People's Republic of China.,Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Wenzhou, 325035, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongqiu Lu
- Department of Emergency, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, People's Republic of China.,Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Wenzhou, 325035, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingzheng Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinze Li
- Department of Emergency, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, People's Republic of China.,Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Wenzhou, 325035, People's Republic of China
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14
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Lan Z, Chen L, Feng J, Xie Z, Liu Z, Wang F, Liu P, Yue X, Du L, Zhao Y, Yang P, Luo J, Zhu Z, Hu X, Cao L, Lu P, Sah R, Lavine K, Kim B, Hu H. Mechanosensitive TRPV4 is required for crystal-induced inflammation. Ann Rheum Dis 2021; 80:1604-1614. [PMID: 34663597 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-220295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Crystal structures activate innate immune cells, especially macrophages and initiate inflammatory responses. We aimed to understand the role of the mechanosensitive TRPV4 channel in crystal-induced inflammation. Real-time RT-PCR, RNAscope in situ hybridisation, and Trpv4eGFP mice were used to examine TRPV4 expression and whole-cell patch-clamp recording and live-cell Ca2+ imaging were used to study TRPV4 function in mouse synovial macrophages and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Both genetic deletion and pharmacological inhibition approaches were used to investigate the role of TRPV4 in NLRP3 inflammasome activation induced by diverse crystals in vitro and in mouse models of crystal-induced pain and inflammation in vivo. TRPV4 was functionally expressed by synovial macrophages and human PBMCs and TRPV4 expression was upregulated by stimulation with monosodium urate (MSU) crystals and in human PBMCs from patients with acute gout flares. MSU crystal-induced gouty arthritis were significantly reduced by either genetic ablation or pharmacological inhibition of TRPV4 function. Mechanistically, TRPV4 mediated the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome by diverse crystalline materials but not non-crystalline NLRP3 inflammasome activators, driving the production of inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β which elicited TRPV4-dependent inflammatory responses in vivo. Moreover, chemical ablation of the TRPV1-expressing nociceptors significantly attenuated the MSU crystal-induced gouty arthritis. In conclusion, TRPV4 is a common mediator of inflammatory responses induced by diverse crystals through NLRP3 inflammasome activation in macrophages. TRPV4-expressing resident macrophages are critically involved in MSU crystal-induced gouty arthritis. A neuroimmune interaction between the TRPV1-expressing nociceptors and the TRPV4-expressing synovial macrophages contributes to the generation of acute gout flares.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Lan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Center for the Study of Itch and Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA.,School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Lvyi Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA .,Center for the Study of Itch and Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Center for the Study of Itch and Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Zili Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Center for the Study of Itch and Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Zhiyong Liu
- Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Center for the Study of Itch and Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA.,Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Peng Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueping Yue
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Center for the Study of Itch and Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Lixia Du
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Center for the Study of Itch and Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Yonghui Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Center for the Study of Itch and Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Pu Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Center for the Study of Itch and Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Jialie Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Center for the Study of Itch and Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Zhe Zhu
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xueming Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Center for the Study of Itch and Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Liang Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Center for the Study of Itch and Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Ping Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Center for the Study of Itch and Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Rajan Sah
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Kory Lavine
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Brian Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Center for the Study of Itch and Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA.,Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA.,Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Hongzhen Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA .,Center for the Study of Itch and Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA.,Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA
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15
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Patients with Gilbert syndrome and type 2 diabetes have lower prevalence of microvascular complications. Metabol Open 2021; 11:100114. [PMID: 34386764 PMCID: PMC8346683 DOI: 10.1016/j.metop.2021.100114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Accumulating clinical evidence indicates an inverse relationship between oxidative stress and unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia. This study aimed to compare the prevalence of diabetes microvascular complications in patients with Gilbert syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). Methods A total of 1200 electronic records with T2D were reviewed. From them, 50 patients with Gilbert syndrome (cases [indirect bilirubin ≥1.2 mg/dl without evidence of hemolysis or liver disease]) and 50 controls (T2D without hyperbilirubinemia) were included. Linear and logistic regression models were performed to evaluate the independent association between indirect hyperbilirubinemia with microvascular complications related with T2D. Results Both case and control group had the same proportion of gender (female = 20 [40 %]) and diabetes duration (14.0 ± 6.5 years) and similar mean of age (60 ± 9.6 and 60 ± 9.2 years, respectively, p = 0.91). The median of unconjugated bilirubin of case and control group was 1.4 (1.2–1.6) vs. 0.4 (0.2–0.6) mg/dl (p < 0.001), respectively. Patients with elevated unconjugated bilirubin had less urine albumin-creatinine ratio compared with control group (8.5 [4.3–23] vs. 80 [8–408] mg/g, p < 0.001), and lower rate of diabetes microvascular complications and metabolic syndrome. After adjustment for BMI, age, HbA1c, blood pressure, triglycerides, and the metabolic syndrome, the lineal regression analysis showed that unconjugated bilirubin protects against microalbuminuria in T2D patients (β = −414.11, 95 % CI [-747.9, −80.3], p = 0.006. Also, unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia was independently associated with a better glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (β = 9.87, 95 % CI [1.5, 18.3], P = 0.02). Conclusions Patients with Gilbert syndrome and T2D had a lower prevalence of diabetes microvascular complications.
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16
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Yang Z, Lin Y, Su C, Wang S, Gao L, Lin J, Wang Z, Wu B. Pharmacokinetics-based chronoefficacy of Fuzi against chronic kidney disease. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021; 73:535-544. [PMID: 33793835 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgaa060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Identifying drugs with time-varying efficacy or toxicity, and understanding the underlying mechanisms would help to improve treatment efficacy and reduce adverse effects. In this study, we uncovered that the therapeutic effect of Fuzi (the lateral root of Aconitum carmichaelii Debeaux) depended on the dosing time in mice with adenine-induced chronic kidney disease (CKD). METHODS The Fuzi efficacy was determined by biomarker measurements [i.e. plasma creatinine (CRE), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and urinary N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG)], as well as inflammation, fibrosis and histological analyses. Circadian regulation of Fuzi pharmacokinetics and efficacy was evaluated using brain and muscle Arnt-like protein-1 (Bmal1)-deficient (Bmal1-/-) mice. KEY FINDINGS The Fuzi efficacy was higher when the drug was dosed at ZT10 and was lower when the drug was dosed at other times (ZT2, ZT6, ZT14, ZT18 and ZT22) according to measurements of plasma CRE, BUN and urinary NAG. Consistently, ZT10 (5 PM) dosing showed a stronger protective effect on the kidney (i.e. less extensive tubular injury) as compared to ZT22 (5 AM) dosing. This was supported by lower levels of inflammatory and fibrotic factors (IL-1β, IL-6, Tnf-α, Ccl2, Tgfb1 and Col1a1) at ZT10 than at ZT22. Pharmacokinetic analyses showed that the area under the curve (AUC) values (reflective of systemic exposure) and renal distribution of aconitine, hypaconitine and mesaconitine (three putative active constituents) for Fuzi dosing at ZT10 were significantly higher than those for herb dosing at ZT22, suggesting a role of circadian pharmacokinetics in Fuzi chronoefficacy. Drug efficacy studies confirmed that aconitine, hypaconitine and mesaconitine possessed a kidney-protecting effect. In addition, genetic knockout of Bmal1 in mice abolished the time-dependency of Fuzi pharmacokinetics and efficacy. This reinforced the existence of chronoefficacy for Fuzi and supported the role of circadian pharmacokinetics in Fuzi chronoefficacy. CONCLUSIONS The efficacy of Fuzi against CKD depends on the dosing time in mice, which is associated with circadian pharmacokinetics of the three main active constituents (i.e. aconitine, hypaconitine and mesaconitine). These findings highlight the relevance of dosing time in the therapeutic outcomes of herbal medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zemin Yang
- Research Center for Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanke Lin
- Research Center for Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chong Su
- Research Center for Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Zhuhai United Laboratories, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Research Center for Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lu Gao
- Research Center for Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingpan Lin
- Research Center for Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baojian Wu
- Research Center for Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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17
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Al-Kuraishy HM, Al-Gareeb AI, Abdullah SM, Cruz-Martins N, Batiha GES. Case Report: Hyperbilirubinemia in Gilbert Syndrome Attenuates Covid-19-Induced Metabolic Disturbances. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:642181. [PMID: 33681310 PMCID: PMC7925614 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.642181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Gilbert syndrome (GS) is a liver disorder characterized by non-hemolytic unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia. On the other hand, Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) is a recent viral infectious disease presented as clusters of pneumonia, triggered by the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Little is known on the association between SARS-CoV-2 and GS, despite different studies have recently stated a link between hyperbilirubinemia and SARS-CoV-2 severity. In this case-report study we described a 47-year-old man, a known case of GS since the age of 4, presented to the emergency department with fever (39.8°C), dry cough, dyspnea, headache, myalgia, sweating and jaundice diagnosed with Covid-19-induced pneumonia. Interestingly, GS patient exhibited a rapid clinical recovery and short hospital stay compared to other SARS-CoV-2 positive patient, seeming that hyperbilirubinemia may exert a protective effect of against Covid-19 induced-cardiometabolic disturbances. Data obtained here underlines that the higher resistance against Covid-19 evidenced by the GS patient seems to be due to the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral effects of unconjugated bilirubin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayder M Al-Kuraishy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Al-Mustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali I Al-Gareeb
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Al-Mustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Saleh M Abdullah
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Natália Cruz-Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Metabolism, Nutrition and Endocrinology, Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Laboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
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18
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Creeden JF, Gordon DM, Stec DE, Hinds TD. Bilirubin as a metabolic hormone: the physiological relevance of low levels. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2021; 320:E191-E207. [PMID: 33284088 PMCID: PMC8260361 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00405.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Recent research on bilirubin, a historically well-known waste product of heme catabolism, suggests an entirely new function as a metabolic hormone that drives gene transcription by nuclear receptors. Studies are now revealing that low plasma bilirubin levels, defined as "hypobilirubinemia," are a possible new pathology analogous to the other end of the spectrum of extreme hyperbilirubinemia seen in patients with jaundice and liver dysfunction. Hypobilirubinemia is most commonly seen in patients with metabolic dysfunction, which may lead to cardiovascular complications and possibly stroke. We address the clinical significance of low bilirubin levels. A better understanding of bilirubin's hormonal function may explain why hypobilirubinemia might be deleterious. We present mechanisms by which bilirubin may be protective at mildly elevated levels and research directions that could generate treatment possibilities for patients with hypobilirubinemia, such as targeting of pathways that regulate its production or turnover or the newly designed bilirubin nanoparticles. Our review here calls for a shift in the perspective of an old molecule that could benefit millions of patients with hypobilirubinemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin F Creeden
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio
| | - Darren M Gordon
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio
| | - David E Stec
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Cardiorenal and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Terry D Hinds
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky
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19
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YILMAZ N, ÖZ C, EREN E, TEKELİ SÖ. Bilirubin metabolism and its role in atherosclerosis. ARCHIVES OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.25000/acem.699424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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20
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Activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in RAW 264.7 cells by polysaccharides extracted from Grateloupia livida (Harv.) Yamada. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 85:106630. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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21
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Novák P, Jackson AO, Zhao GJ, Yin K. Bilirubin in metabolic syndrome and associated inflammatory diseases: New perspectives. Life Sci 2020; 257:118032. [PMID: 32621920 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is one of the major global health issues, which is closely related to metabolic dysfunction and the chronic inflammatory diseases. Multiple studies have demonstrated that serum bilirubin is negatively correlated with metabolic syndrome and associated inflammatory diseases, including atherosclerosis, hypertension, etc. However, the roles of bilirubin in metabolic syndrome and associated inflammatory diseases still remain unclear. Here, we explain the role of bilirubin in metabolic syndrome and chronic inflammatory diseases and its therapeutic potential. Understanding the role of bilirubin activities in diabetes may serve as a therapeutic target for the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Novák
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541000, Guangxi, China
| | - Ampadu O Jackson
- International College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province 421001, China
| | - Guo-Jun Zhao
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan City People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong 511518, China.
| | - Kai Yin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541000, Guangxi, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541100, China.
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22
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Hinds TD, Stec DE. Bilirubin Safeguards Cardiorenal and Metabolic Diseases: a Protective Role in Health. Curr Hypertens Rep 2019; 21:87. [PMID: 31599366 DOI: 10.1007/s11906-019-0994-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To discuss recent advances indicating that bilirubin safeguards against cardiorenal and metabolic diseases. RECENT FINDINGS Several investigations from human patient populations and experimental animal models have shown that bilirubin improves cardiorenal and metabolic dysfunction. The latest studies found an entirely new function of bilirubin suggesting that it acts as a hormone signaling molecule capable of activating nuclear receptors for burning fat, which may explain several of its protective actions. This review highlights the current findings (within the last 3 years) regarding cardiorenal and metabolic protective effects of bilirubin and the latest mechanism(s) that may be mediating these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry D Hinds
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA
| | - David E Stec
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Mississippi Center for Obesity Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State St, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA.
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