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Alosaimi ME, Alotaibi BS, Abduljabbar MH, Alnemari RM, Almalki AH, Serag A. Unveiling the altered metabolic pathways induced by nivolumab in non-small cell lung cancer via GC-MS metabolomics approach coupled with multivariate analysis. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2024; 1240:124144. [PMID: 38703714 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2024.124144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
This research investigates the effects of the immunotherapeutic agent nivolumab on the metabolism of lung cancer cells (NCI-H1975) using GC-MS metabolomic profiling. Multivariate analysis such as unsupervised PCA and supervised OPLS-DA along with univariate analysis and pathway analysis were employed to explore the metabolomic data and identify altered metabolic pathways induced by nivolumab treatment. The study revealed distinct metabolic alterations in cancer cells, linked to proliferative and survival advantages, such as enhanced glycolysis, increased glutaminolysis, and modified amino acid metabolism. Key findings indicate elevated levels of glycolysis-related metabolites (glycine, alanine, pyruvate, and lactate) and TCA cycle intermediates (succinate, fumarate, malate) in cancer cells, with a significant decrease following nivolumab treatment. Additionally, lower levels of aspartic acid and citrate in cancer cells imply altered nucleotide synthesis and fatty acid production essential for tumor growth. Treatment with nivolumab also reduced oleic acid levels, indicative of its effect on disrupted lipid metabolism. Our research shows nivolumab's potential to modify metabolic pathways involved in lung cancer progression, suggesting its dual role in cancer therapy: as an immune response modulator and a metabolic pathway disruptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal E Alosaimi
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Badriyah S Alotaibi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maram H Abduljabbar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem M Alnemari
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atiah H Almalki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; Addiction and Neuroscience Research Unit, Health Science Campus, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Serag
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11751, Cairo, Egypt.
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2
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Sathish G, Monavarshini LK, Sundaram K, Subramanian S, Kannayiram G. Immunotherapy for lung cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 254:155104. [PMID: 38244436 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockers have transformed non-small-cell lung cancer treatment, but they can lead to autoimmune and inflammatory side effects, leading to the concurrent use of immunosuppressive treatments. In this analysis, we delve into the potential of antibodies checkpoint blockade, focusing on CTLA-4 inhibition using ipilimumab, as a groundbreaking cancer immunotherapy. We also concentrate on the role of biomarkers, particularly PD-L1 activity and mutation significance, in predicting the response to programmed cell death protein 1 blockage and the prevalence of side effects associated with immune-related side effects. In describing the patterns of cancer response to immunotherapy, we underline the limitations of response assessment criteria like RECIST and World Health Organization. We also stress the necessity of ongoing studies and clinical trials, standardized guidelines, and additional research to improve response assessment in the era of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Girshani Sathish
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Maduravoyal, Chennai 600095, India
| | - L K Monavarshini
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Maduravoyal, Chennai 600095, India
| | - Keerthi Sundaram
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Maduravoyal, Chennai 600095, India
| | - Sendilvelan Subramanian
- Deparment of Mechanical Engineering, Dr.MGR Educational and Research Institute, Maduravoyal, Chennai 600095, India
| | - Gomathi Kannayiram
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Maduravoyal, Chennai 600095, India.
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3
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Ren Z, Wang L, Leng C. PTPRD mutation is a prognostic biomarker for sensitivity to ICIs treatment in advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:8204-8219. [PMID: 37602864 PMCID: PMC10497019 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have become the standard treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). ICIs can provide durable responses and prolong survival for some patients. With the increasing routine of next-generation sequencing (NGS) in clinical practice, it is essential to integrate prognostic factors to establish novel nomograms to improve clinical prediction ability in NSCLC with ICIs treatment. METHODS Clinical information, response data, and genome data of advanced NSCLC treated ICIs were obtained from cBioPortal. The top 20 gene alterations in durable clinical benefit (DCB) were compared with those genes in no durable benefit (NDB). Survival analyses were performed using the Kaplan-Meier plot method and selected clinical variables to develop a novel nomogram. RESULTS The mutation of PTPRD was significantly related to progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in advanced NSCLC with ICIs treatment (PFS: p = 0.0441, OS: p = 0.0086). The PTPRD mutation was closely related to tumor mutational burden (TMB) and tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs). Two novel nomograms were built to predict the PFS and OS of advanced NSCLC patients with ICIs treatment. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggested that PTPRD mutations could serve as a predictive biomarker for the sensitivity to ICIs treatment and PFS and OS in advanced NSCLC with ICIs. Our systematic nomograms showed great potential value in clinical application to predict the PFS and OS for advanced NSCLC patients with ICIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixuan Ren
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital and Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Chaohui Leng
- Department of Oncology, Jiujiang University Affilliated Hospital, Jiujiang 332000, P.R. China
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4
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Meybodi SM, Farasati Far B, Pourmolaei A, Baradarbarjastehbaf F, Safaei M, Mohammadkhani N, Samadani AA. Immune checkpoint inhibitors promising role in cancer therapy: clinical evidence and immune-related adverse events. Med Oncol 2023; 40:243. [PMID: 37453930 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02114-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
The advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has led to noteworthy progressions in the management of diverse cancer types, as evidenced by the pioneering "ipilimumab" medication authorized by US FDA in 2011. Importantly, ICIs agents have demonstrated encouraging potential in bringing about transformation across diverse forms of cancer by selectively targeting the immune checkpoint pathways that are exploited by cancerous cells for dodging the immune system, culminating in progressive and favorable health outcomes for patients. The primary mechanism of action (MOA) of ICIs involves blocking inhibitory immune checkpoints. There are three approved categories including Programmed Death (PD-1) inhibitors (cemiplimab, nivolumab, and pembrolizumab), Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) (Ipilimumab), and Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PDL-1) (Avelumab). Although ICIs promisingly increase therapeutic response and cancer survival rates, using ICIs has demonstrated some limitations including autoimmune reactions and toxicities, requiring close monitoring. The present review endeavors to explicate the underlying principles of the MOA and pharmacokinetics of the approved ICIs in the realm of cancer induction, including an appraisal of their level of practice-based evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bahareh Farasati Far
- Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, 1684613114, Iran.
| | - Ali Pourmolaei
- Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Shariati Ave, Babol, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Farid Baradarbarjastehbaf
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Maryam Safaei
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Eastern Mediterranean University, 99628, Famagusta, Turkey
| | - Niloufar Mohammadkhani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Samadani
- Guilan Road Trauma Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
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5
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Shen F, Guo W, Song X, Wang B. Molecular profiling and prognostic biomarkers in chinese non-small cell lung cancer cohort. Diagn Pathol 2023; 18:71. [PMID: 37301854 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-023-01349-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Comprehensive information about the genome analysis and its prognostic values of NSCLC patients in Chinese population are still needed. PATIENTS A total of 117 Chinese patients with NSCLC were enrolled in this study. Tumor tissues or blood were collected and sequenced by targeted next-generation sequencing of 556 cancer related genes. The associations between clinical outcomes and clinical characteristics, TMB, mutated genes, treatment therapies were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier methods and further evaluated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model. RESULTS A total of 899 mutations were identified by targeted NGS. The most frequently mutations included EGFR (47%), TP53 (46%), KRAS (18%), LRP1B (12%) and SPTA1 (10%). Patients with mutant TP53, PREX2, ARID1A, PTPRT and PIK3CG had lower median overall survival (OS) than those patients with wild-type (P = 0.0056, P < 0.001, P < 0.0001, P < 0.0001 and P = 0.036, respectively). Using a multivariate Cox regression model, PREX2 (P < 0.001), ARID1A (P < 0.001) and PIK3CG (P = 0.04) were independent prognostic factors in NSCLC. In the patients received chemotherapy, squamous patients had a significantly longer median OS than adenocarcinoma patients (P = 0.011). In the patients received targeted therapy, adenocarcinoma patients had a significantly longer survival period than squamous patients (P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Our study provided comprehensive genomic alterations in a cohort of Chinese NSCLC. We also identified new prognostic biomarkers, which could provide potential clues for targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Shen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Xia Song
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Bei Wang
- The Second Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China.
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Dehghani T, Shahrjerdi A, Kahrizi MS, Soleimani E, Ravandeh S, Merza MS, Rahnama N, Ebrahimzadeh F, Bakhshesh M. Targeting programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) for treatment of non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC); the recent advances. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 246:154470. [PMID: 37150133 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The immune system uses various immune checkpoint axes to adjust responses, support homeostasis, and deter self-reactivity and autoimmunity. Nevertheless, non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) can use protective mechanisms to facilitate immune evasion, which leads to potentiated cancer survival and proliferation. In this light, many blocking anti-bodies have been developed to negatively regulate checkpoint molecules, in particular, programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) / PD-ligand 1 (L1), and bypass these immune suppressive mechanisms. Meanwhile, anti-PD-1 anti-bodies such as nivolumab, pembrolizumab, cemiplimab, and sintilimab have shown excellent competence in successfully inspiring immune responses versus NSCLC. Accordingly, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has recently approved nivolumab (alone or in combination with ipilimumab) and pembrolizumab (alone or in combination with chemotherapy) as first-line treatment for advanced NSCLC patients. However, PD-1 blockade monotherapy remains inefficient in more than 60% of NSCLC patients, and many patients don't respond or acquire resistance to this modality. Also, toxicities related to anti-PD-1 anti-body have been progressively identified in clinical trials and oncology practice. Herein, we will outline the clinical benefits of PD-1 blockade therapy alone or in combination with other treatments (e.g., chemotherapy, radiotherapy, anti-angiogenic therapy) in NSCLC patients. Moreover, we will take a glimpse into the recently identified predictive biomarkers to determine patients most likely to suffer serious adverse events to decrease untoward toxicity risk and diminish treatment costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tannaz Dehghani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Lorestan, Iran
| | - Alireza Shahrjerdi
- National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), P.O. Box: 14965/161, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Elnaz Soleimani
- Departmant of Genetic, Babol University of Medical Science, Babol, Iran
| | | | - Muna S Merza
- Prosthetic Dental Techniques Department, Al-Mustaqbal university College, Babylon 51001, Iraq
| | - Negin Rahnama
- Department of Internal Medicine and Health Services, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Farnoosh Ebrahimzadeh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Morteza Bakhshesh
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran.
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7
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Wang Y, Li Y, Jiang X, Gu Y, Zheng H, Wang X, Zhang H, Wu J, Cheng Y. OPA1 supports mitochondrial dynamics and immune evasion to CD8 + T cell in lung adenocarcinoma. PeerJ 2022; 10:e14543. [PMID: 36573240 PMCID: PMC9789695 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mitochondrial fusion and fission were identified to play key roles during multiple biology process. Thus, we aim to investigate the roles of OPA1 in mitochondria fusion and immune evasion of non-small cell lung cancer cells. Methods The transcriptional activation of genes related to mitochondrial dynamics was determined by using multi-omics data in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). We elucidated the molecular mechanism and roles of OPA1 promoting lung cancer through single-cell sequencing and molecular biological experiments. Results Here, we found that copy number amplification of OPA1 and MFN1 were co-occurring and synergistically activated in tumor epithelial cells in lung cancer tissues. Both of OPA1 and MFN1 were highly expressed in LUAD tumor tissues and OPA1 high expression was associated with poor prognosis. In terms of mechanism, the damaged mitochondria activated the apoptotic signaling pathways, inducing cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis. More interestingly, OPA1 deficiency damaged mitochondrial dynamics and further blocked the respiratory function to increase the sensitivity of tumor epithelial to CD8+ T cells in non-small cell lung cancer. Conclusions Our study demonstrated the high co-occurrence of copy number amplification and co-expression of OPA1 and MFN1 in LUAD tissue, and further revealed the contribution of OPA1 in maintaining the mitochondria respiratory function and the ability of immune evasion to CD8+ T cells of LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Center for Health Management, Jiangsu Province Geriatric Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Yadong Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuanwei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yayun Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Zheng
- Center for Health Management, Jiangsu Province Geriatric Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Innovative Drug Development, Jiangsu Simcere Diagnostics Co., Ltd., Nanjing, China
| | - Haotian Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jixiang Wu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The Yancheng School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Yancheng, China,Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Yancheng, China
| | - Yang Cheng
- Center for Health Management, Jiangsu Province Geriatric Hospital, Nanjing, China
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Torrente-López A, Hermosilla J, Pérez-Robles R, Salmerón-García A, Cabeza J, Navas N. Combined use of UV and MS data for ICH Stability-Indication Method: Quantification and isoforms identification of intact nivolumab. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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9
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Carbone F, Ministrini S, Bonaventura A, Vecchié A, Minetti S, Bardi N, Elia E, Ansaldo AM, Ferrara D, Rijavec E, Dal Bello MG, Biello F, Rossi G, Tagliamento M, Alama A, Coco S, Spallarossa P, Grossi F, Genova C, Montecucco F. Serum levels of VCAM-1 are associated with survival in patients treated with nivolumab for NSCLC. Eur J Clin Invest 2022; 52:e13668. [PMID: 34390488 PMCID: PMC9286788 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High circulating levels of cellular adhesion molecules (CAMs) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have been supposed to act as a negative prognostic factor. Here, we explored the predictive role of pre-treatment levels of CAMs in previously treated patients receiving nivolumab for NSCLC. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seventy one patients with advanced NSCLC, treated with nivolumab at the dose of 3 mg/kg every 14 days, were enrolled. Maximum follow-up time was 3 years. Serum levels of Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and Intracellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM-1) were measured at baseline and before each nivolumab administration. Endpoints of the study were a composite outcome of survival ≥2 years or absence of disease progression at the end of the follow-up, and the overall survival. RESULTS Composite outcome and overall survival were positively associated with VCAM-1 baseline levels and with the reduction of VCAM-1 during the treatment. After adjustment for potential confounders, the change in VCAM-1 serum levels during the treatment was an independent predictor of overall survival. CONCLUSIONS High baseline serum levels of VCAM-1 are associated with a longer survival in patients treated with nivolumab as second line treatment for NSCLC. Surviving patients experience also a significant reduction in CAMs expression during the treatment. Hence, CAMs might be promising prognostic factors in patients with NSCLC underoing immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Carbone
- First Clinic of internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, Genoa, Italy
| | - Stefano Ministrini
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Universität Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland.,Internal Medicine, Angiology and Atherosclerosis, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Aldo Bonaventura
- First Clinic of internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Alessandra Vecchié
- First Clinic of internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Silvia Minetti
- First Clinic of internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Nicholas Bardi
- First Clinic of internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Edoardo Elia
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Ansaldo
- First Clinic of internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Daniele Ferrara
- First Clinic of internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Erika Rijavec
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Federico Biello
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DiMI), University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Rossi
- UOS Tumori Polmonari, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Marco Tagliamento
- UOS Tumori Polmonari, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DiMI), University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Angela Alama
- UOS Tumori Polmonari, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Simona Coco
- UOS Tumori Polmonari, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paolo Spallarossa
- Cardiovascular Disease Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesco Grossi
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Genova
- UOS Tumori Polmonari, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DiMI), University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- First Clinic of internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, Genoa, Italy
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10
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Jiang H, Xu A, Xia W, Xia X, Li P, Zhang B, Zhu K, Zhou S, Wang R. Nivolumab monotherapy or combination therapy with ipilimumab for lung cancer: a systemic review and meta-analysis. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:426. [PMID: 34391428 PMCID: PMC8364020 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02100-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The high incidence and mortality of lung cancer have seriously affected human life and health. Nivolumab is a monoclonal antibody that can inhibit programmed death 1 (PD-1) and Ipilimumab is a monoclonal antibody against CTLA-4(cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4), both of which can prevent the immune escape of tumor cells. Our goal was to synthesize evidence from published randomized controlled trials involving the safety and efficacy of either Nivolumab alone or in combination for the treatment of unresectable lung cancer. METHODS We searched the following electronic databases: PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane libraries, and screened the retrieved records for eligibility. We used the Stata16 software for the analyses. The results of the analysis are expressed as hazard ratios (HRs) or risk ratios (RRs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS The final analysis included seven trials involving 3817 patients. Among patients with advanced lung cancer, patients using immunotherapy had better overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and an objective response rate (ORR) than patients receiving chemotherapy. The HR of Nivolumab monotherapy or combination therapy with OS was compared with that of chemotherapy (HR: 0.73, 95% CI 0.64-0.83; HR: 0.67, 95% CI 0.55-0.81), and the HR of PFS was (HR: 0.81, 95% CI 0.69-0.94; HR: 0.67, 95% CI 0.55-0.82). CONCLUSIONS Immunotherapy has been shown to have more clinically meaningful survival benefits for patients with lung cancer, whether monotherapy or combination immunotherapy. CRD42020213440.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Jiang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Aiqun Xu
- Department of General Medicine, Hefei Second People's Hospital, Hefei, 230001, China
| | - Wanli Xia
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Xingyuan Xia
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Pulin Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Binbin Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Ke Zhu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Sijing Zhou
- Hefei Third Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China. .,Hefei Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Hefei, 230022, China.
| | - Ran Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China.
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11
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Liu T, Luo H, Zhang J, Hu X, Zhang J. Molecular identification of an immunity- and Ferroptosis-related gene signature in non-small cell lung Cancer. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:783. [PMID: 34229636 PMCID: PMC8259362 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08541-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lung cancer is one of the dominant causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of programmed cell death, plays a key role in cancer immunotherapy. However, the role of immunity- and ferroptosis-related gene signatures in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remain unclear. Methods RNA-seq data and clinical information pertaining to NSCLC were collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to identify ferroptosis-related genes. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) model was established for sensitivity and specificity evaluation. Gene ontology enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses were performed to explore the function roles of differentially expressed genes. Results A signature composed of five ferroptosis-related genes was established to stratify patients into high- and low-risk subgroups. In comparison with patients in the low-risk group, those in the high-risk one showed significantly poor overall survival in the training and validation cohorts (P < 0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated risk score to be an independent predictor of overall survival (P < 0.01). Further, the 1-, 2-, and 3-year ROCs were 0.623 vs. 0.792 vs. 0.635, 0.644 vs. 0.792 vs. 0.634, and 0.631 vs. 0.641 vs. 0.666 in one training and two validation cohorts, respectively. Functional analysis revealed that immune-related pathways were enriched and associated with abnormal activation of immune cells. Conclusions We identified five immunity- and ferroptosis-related genes that may be involved in NSCLC progression and prognosis. Targeting ferroptosis-related genes seems to be an alternative to clinical therapy for NSCLC. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-021-08541-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taisheng Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, P. R. China
| | - Honglian Luo
- College of Oncology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, P. R. China
| | - Jinye Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoshan Hu
- Internal Medicine of Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, P. R. China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, 510095, P. R. China.
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12
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To KKW, Fong W, Cho WCS. Immunotherapy in Treating EGFR-Mutant Lung Cancer: Current Challenges and New Strategies. Front Oncol 2021; 11:635007. [PMID: 34113560 PMCID: PMC8185359 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.635007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, including monoclonal antibodies against programmed death-1 (PD-1) and programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1), have dramatically improved the survival and quality of life of a subset of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Multiple predictive biomarkers have been proposed to select the patients who may benefit from the immune checkpoint inhibitors. EGFR-mutant NSCLC is the most prevalent molecular subtype in Asian lung cancer patients. However, patients with EGFR-mutant NSCLC show poor response to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatment. While small-molecule EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are the preferred initial treatment for EGFR-mutant NSCLC, acquired drug resistance is severely limiting the long-term efficacy. However, there is currently no further effective treatment option for TKIs-refractory EGFR-mutant NSCLC patients. The reasons mediating the poor response of EGFR-mutated NSCLC patients to immunotherapy are not clear. Initial investigations revealed that EGFR-mutated NSCLC has lower PD-L1 expression and a low tumor mutational burden, thus leading to weak immunogenicity. Moreover, the use of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade prior to or concurrent with osimertinib has been reported to increase the risk of pulmonary toxicity. Furthermore, emerging evidence shows that PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in NSCLC patients can lead to hyperprogressive disease associated with dismal prognosis. However, it is difficult to predict the treatment toxicity. New biomarkers are urgently needed to predict response and toxicity associated with the use of PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy in EGFR-mutated NSCLC. Recently, promising data have emerged to suggest the potentiation of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapy by anti-angiogenic agents and a few other novel therapeutic agents. This article reviews the current investigations about the poor response of EGFR-mutated NSCLC to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy, and discusses the new strategies that may be adopted in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth K W To
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Winnie Fong
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - William C S Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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13
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Zheng S, Wang X, Fu Y, Li B, Xu J, Wang H, Huang Z, Xu H, Qiu Y, Shi Y, Li K. Targeted next-generation sequencing for cancer-associated gene mutation and copy number detection in 206 patients with non-small-cell lung cancer. Bioengineered 2021; 12:791-802. [PMID: 33629637 PMCID: PMC8291840 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1890382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The knowledge of genetic variation in Chinese patients with non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is still limited. We aimed to profile this genetic variation in 206 Chinese patients with NSCLC using next-generation sequencing. Tumor tissues or whole-blood samples were collected and subjected to whole-exome targeted next-generation sequencing, which included 565 tumor-associated genes, for somatic gene mutation screening and copy number variation (CNV) detection. Potential functions of most commonly mutated genes and genes with CNV were predicted by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses. Atotal of 18,749 mutations were identified using targeted next-generation sequencing, and 85.3% of them were missense mutations. Among the mutation, conversions between pyrimidine and purine were predominant, and C> T/G > A was the most common substitution type. High frequencies of mutations were noted in TP53 (47.6%), EGFR (41.7%), CREBBP (23.1%), KMT2C (16.9%), MUC2 (16.6%), DNMT3A (15.5%), LRP1B (15.5%), MUC4 (15.5%), CDC27 (15.2%), and KRAS (12.8%). EGFR and KRAS mutations were mutually exclusive. The tumor mutation load showed differences depending on gender and tumor type. CNV analysis showed that BCORL1 and ARAF have the highest copy number amplification, whereas KDM6A and RBM10 showed the highest copy number deletion. GO and KEGG analyses indicated that high-frequency mutations and CNV genes were concentrated in tumor-related PI3K-Akt, FoxO, and Ras signaling pathway. Cumulatively, we studied somatic gene mutations involved in NSCLC and predicted their clinical significance in Chinese population. These findings may provide clues for etiology and drug target of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songbai Zheng
- Translational Medicine Research Institute, Guangzhou Huayin Medical Laboratory Center Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaodan Wang
- Translational Medicine Research Institute, Guangzhou Huayin Medical Laboratory Center Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Fu
- Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.,Research and Development Institute, Sinotech Genomics, Shanghai, China
| | - Beibei Li
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Shunde Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory Medicine Center, The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Xu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Shunde Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haifang Wang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Huang
- Translational Medicine Research Institute, Guangzhou Huayin Medical Laboratory Center Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Technical Service Department, Guangzhou Huayin Medical Research Institute Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Yurong Qiu
- Translational Medicine Research Institute, Guangzhou Huayin Medical Laboratory Center Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaozhou Shi
- Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kui Li
- Translational Medicine Research Institute, Guangzhou Huayin Medical Laboratory Center Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China.,Technical Service Department, Guangzhou Huayin Medical Research Institute Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
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Wang L, Ren Z, Yu B, Tang J. Development of nomogram based on immune-related gene FGFR4 for advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients with sensitivity to immune checkpoint inhibitors. J Transl Med 2021; 19:22. [PMID: 33407583 PMCID: PMC7788998 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02679-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have become a frontier in the field of clinical technology for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Currently, the predictive biomarker of ICIs mainly including the expression of PD-L1, TMB, TIICs, MMR and MSI-H. However, there are no official biomarkers to guide the treatment of ICIs and to determine the prognosis. Therefore, it is essential to explore a systematic nomogram to predict the prognosis of ICIs treatment in NSCLC METHODS: In this work, we obtained gene expression and clinical data of NSCLC patients from the TCGA database. Immune-related genes (IRGs) were downloaded from the ImmPort database. The detailed clinical annotation and response data of 240 advanced NSCLC patients who received ICIs treatment were obtained from the cBioPortal for Cancer Genomics. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to perform survival analyses, and selected clinical variables to develop a novel nomogram. The prognostic significance of FGFR4 was validated by another cohort in cBioPortal for Cancer Genomics. RESULTS 3% of the NSCLC patients harbored FGFR4 mutations. The mutation of FGFR4 were confirmed to be associated with PD-L1, and TMB. Patients harbored FGFR4 mutations were found to have a better prolonged progression-free survival (PFS) to ICIs treatment (FGFR4: P = 0.0209). Here, we built and verified a novel nomogram to predict the prognosis of ICIs treatment for NSCLC patients. CONCLUSION Our results showed that FGFR4 could serve as novel biomarkers to predict the prognosis of ICIs treatment of advanced NSCLC. Our systematic prognostic nomogram showed a great potential to predict the prognosis of ICIs for advanced NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Precision Medicine Center of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Zhixuan Ren
- Department of Oncology, TCM-Integrated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Bentong Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, China
| | - Jian Tang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, China.
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15
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Wang L, Jiang M, Qu J, Zhou N, Zhang X. Clinical management of lung cancer patients during the outbreak of COVID-19 epidemic. Infect Agent Cancer 2020; 15:56. [PMID: 32983254 PMCID: PMC7509820 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-020-00322-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapid growth of 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak in Wuhan, China, at the early December 2019. COVID-19 spread all over the word just a few months. The outbreak of COVID-19 infection poses major threat to international health and economy. World Health Organization (WHO) announced that the new coronavirus was an international public health emergency on January 30, 2020. However, with the spread of COVID-19, the routine medical care of lung cancer patients was affected. Because lung cancer patients have low immunity after anti-tumor treatment, they should become the main targets for epidemic prevention. Lung cancer patients are increasingly concerned about the prevention of COVID-19. It is necessary to provide individualized medical treatment and management for lung cancer patients based on patients' conditions and regional epidemic patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Precision Medicine Center of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003 China
| | - Man Jiang
- Precision Medicine Center of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003 China
| | - Jialin Qu
- Precision Medicine Center of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003 China
| | - Na Zhou
- Precision Medicine Center of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003 China
| | - Xiaochun Zhang
- Precision Medicine Center of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003 China
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16
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Wang L, Qu J, Zhou N, Hou H, Jiang M, Zhang X. Effect and biomarker of immune checkpoint blockade therapy for ARID1A deficiency cancers. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 130:110626. [PMID: 32791396 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The AT-rich interaction domain 1A (ARID1A) are frequently mutates across a broad spectrum of cancers. The majority of ARID1A mutations are inactivating mutations and lead to loss expression of the ARID1A protein. To date, clinical applicable targeted cancer therapy based on ARID1A mutational status has not been described. With increasing number of studies reported that the ARID1A deficiency may be a novel predictive biomarker for immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) treatment. ARID1A deficiency would compromise mismatch repair pathway and increase the number of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, tumor mutation burden and expression of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) in some cancers, which would suggested cooperate with ICB treatment. In this review, we summarize the relationship between ARID1A deficiency and ICB treatment including potential mechanisms, potential therapeutic combination, and the biomarker value of ARID1A deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Precision Medicine Center of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Jialin Qu
- Precision Medicine Center of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Na Zhou
- Precision Medicine Center of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Helei Hou
- Precision Medicine Center of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Man Jiang
- Precision Medicine Center of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xiaochun Zhang
- Precision Medicine Center of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China.
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17
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Gao Y, Zhou X. Analysis of clinical features and prognostic factors of lung cancer patients: A population-based cohort study. THE CLINICAL RESPIRATORY JOURNAL 2020; 14:712-724. [PMID: 32191390 DOI: 10.1111/crj.13188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This paper analyses clinical features of lung cancer patients and discusses factors influencing the lung cancer occurrence and prognosis. METHODS Patients diagnosed with lung cancer from 1975 to 2016 are analysed based on SEER database. The samples are divided into groups according to the number of positive lymph nodes of LN > 3 and LN ≤ 3. Univariate and multivariate Cox risk models are performed. After balancing the clinicopathological features of the two groups with the propensity score matching (PSM) method, the survival rates of the two groups are compared. RESULTS A total of 30 864 patients are included in this study. Kaplan-Meier curves show that the survival rate of patients with LN ≤ 3 is higher than that of patients with LN > 3 (P < 0.0001). Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional risk model analysis suggests that the number of lymph nodes is an independent prognostic risk factor for lung cancer. LN ≤ 3 group shows better OS (HR2.066; 95% CI 1.941-2.199, P < 0.01) and better CSS (HR 2.461; 95% CI 2.304-2.629, P < 0.01). In addition, age at diagnosis, gender, Laterality, Derived AJCC T, 7th ed (2010-2015), Derived AJCC N, 7th ed (2010-2015) and Derived AJCC M, 7th ed, (2010-2015) have also been proved to be potential prognostic factors. A total of 1,851 pairs of patients are screened after 1:1 PSM matching. Patients with LN ≤ 3 have significant improvements in OS and CSS (HR 1.09; 95% CI 1.001-1.187, P < 0.05 and HR 1.127; 95% CI 1.03-1.232, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION The number of lymph nodes is an independent prognostic risk factor for lung cancer. Patients with fewer lymph node positives have a better survival prognosis than patients with more lymph nodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Gao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shen Yang, China
| | - Xinjia Zhou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shen Yang, China
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18
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Hochmair MJ. Resistance to chemoimmunotherapy in non-small-cell lung cancer. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2020; 3:445-453. [PMID: 35582443 PMCID: PMC8992480 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2020.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Recent clinical trials evaluating the combination of chemotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibition for the primary treatment of lung cancer showed increased progression-free and overall survival compared with chemotherapy alone. However, the combination of these two modalities is less than additive and the mechanisms of resistance to this therapeutic intervention are discussed here. So far, the conventional biomarkers for immunotherapy, namely programmed death-ligand 1 expression or tumor mutational burden are poor predictors of the efficacy of immunochemotherapy, and the optimal sequence of chemotherapy and immunotherapy has yet to be defined.
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19
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Lin Z, Zhang Y, Zhang L. Construction of an integrated prognostic classifier model for predicting the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2020; 40:370-373. [PMID: 32639662 PMCID: PMC7427306 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihuan Lin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Yaxiong Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China
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20
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Zhang F, Huang D, Zhao L, Li T, Zhang S, Zhang G, Yuan F, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Zhao Z, Cui L, Zhao J, Wang G, Cai S, Bai Y, Wang J, Hu Y. Efficacy and safety of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors plus nab-paclitaxel for patients with non-small cell lung cancer who have progressed after platinum-based chemotherapy. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2020; 12:1758835920936882. [PMID: 32670420 PMCID: PMC7338650 DOI: 10.1177/1758835920936882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Immunotherapy combined with platinum-based chemotherapy is now the standard first-line treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. However, limited evidence exists to show the efficacy of immunotherapy plus taxanes for patients who have progressed after platinum-based chemotherapy. Methods The immunotherapy naïve patients with metastatic NSCLC who received anti-PD-1/PD-L1 monotherapy or combined with nab-paclitaxel after prior platinum-based chemotherapy from 2015 to 2018 in PLA General Hospital were identified. The progression-free survival, overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR) and safety were assessed. Results Of 57 patients, 40 were treated with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 monotherapy and 17 were treated with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 plus nab-paclitaxel. With a median OS follow-up of 16.3 months, the nab-paclitaxel group showed significantly longer OS compared with the immune monotherapy group (median, 28.6 months versus 15.9 months, log-rank p = 0.020). When adjusted by covariates in COX proportional regression model, both the treatment group [p = 0.009, hazard ratio (HR) 0.361; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.168-0.773] and performance status (p = 0.003, HR 0.372; 95% CI 0.192-0.721) demonstrated independent association with the longer OS from combination therapy. In addition, ORR was 23.5% (4/17) in the immune checkpoints inhibitors (ICIs) plus nab-paclitaxel group versus 13.5% (5/37) in immune monotherapy group (p = 0.439), with a DCR of 88.2% (15/17) and 59.5% (22/37) (p = 0.034), respectively. The incidence of grade 3/4 adverse events was 23.5% (4/17) in the combination group and 2.5% (1/40) in the immune monotherapy group. Conclusion PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor plus nab-paclitaxel resulted in significantly longer OS and higher response versus ICI single agent in metastatic NSCLC patients who have progressed after platinum-based chemotherapy. These findings need to be further explored by prospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, PLA School of Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Huang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Translational Medicine Center, National Clinical Research Center for Normal Aging and Geriatric & The Key Lab of Normal Aging and Geriatric, Institute of Geriatric, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, PLA School of Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Sujie Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, PLA School of Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqing Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, PLA School of Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Yuan
- Department of Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, PLA School of Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Nursing Department, Chinese PLA General Hospital, PLA School of Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuzi Zhang
- The Medical Department, 3D Medicines Inc., Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengyi Zhao
- The Medical Department, 3D Medicines Inc., Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Longgang Cui
- The Medical Department, 3D Medicines Inc., Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhao
- The Medical Department, 3D Medicines Inc., Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqiang Wang
- The Medical Department, 3D Medicines Inc., Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Shangli Cai
- The Medical Department, 3D Medicines Inc., Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuezong Bai
- The Medical Department, 3D Medicines Inc., Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinliang Wang
- Department of Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Yi Hu
- Department of Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian, Beijing 100853, People's Republic of China
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21
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Maung TZ, Ergin HE, Javed M, Inga EE, Khan S. Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Lung Cancer: Role of Biomarkers and Combination Therapies. Cureus 2020; 12:e8095. [PMID: 32542150 PMCID: PMC7292688 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.8095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, with a poor prognosis. Despite aggressive treatment, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival are limited. Recently, various kinds of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have emerged for several cancers, targeting PD1, PDL1, and CTLA-4. ICIs have made a significant breakthrough in cancer and revolutionized the management of cancer including lung cancer. However, there are a lot of controversies regarding which group of patients is most suitable to be treated with ICIs in terms of monotherapy, combination, and predictive biomarkers. We reviewed various kinds of studies, such as meta-analysis, randomized control trials, multi-center cohort studies, and case-control studies from PubMed written in English from the last five years. ICIs have significant benefits in the overall survival compared with traditional chemotherapy. Patients with a higher level of PDL1 expression and high tumor mutational burden (TMB) have a higher response rate, and those with EGFR-/ALK- were better than those with EGFR+/ALK+. The patient who responded to immunotherapy completely can still maintain the efficacy after two years of treatment. Neoadjuvant immunotherapy in patients with resectable non-small cell lung cancer resulted in a 45% major pathology response (MPR) and 40% downstaging. Combined therapy (ICIs + chemotherapy) was better than chemotherapy alone, irrespective of PD-L1 expression. A combination of ICIs such as CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1 improved PFS as well. Radiochemotherapy ahead of ICIs is promising as well. However, ICIs combined with EGFR/ALK-TKI (tyrosine kinase inhibitor) are not suggested for the time being. PDL1 expression, TMB, and EGFR/ALK mutations are promising predictive biomarkers. Gut microbiota, galectin-3, and intensity of CD8 cell infiltration are other potential predictive biomarkers. These are very important in the future management of lung cancers as they can prevent unnecessary toxicities and cost of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tun Zan Maung
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences and Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Huseyin Ekin Ergin
- Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences and Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Mehwish Javed
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences and Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Evelyn E Inga
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences and Psychology, Fairfield, USA.,Internal Medicine, LaSante Health Center, Brooklyn, USA
| | - Safeera Khan
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences and Psychology, Fairfield, USA
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Ding YY, Luan JJ, Fan Y, Olatunji OJ, Song J, Zuo J. α-Mangostin reduced the viability of A594 cells in vitro by provoking ROS production through downregulation of NAMPT/NAD. Cell Stress Chaperones 2020; 25:163-172. [PMID: 31898286 PMCID: PMC6985413 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-019-01063-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
α-Mangostin (MAN) is a bioactive compound isolated from the inedible pericarp of a tropical fruit mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana Linn). It exhibits notable therapeutic potentials on lung cancers, but the underlying mechanisms are still largely unknown. This study was designed to further explore the mechanisms involved in cytotoxicity of MAN on A549 cells. Apoptosis and cell cycle distribution were analyzed by flow cytometry methods. The fluorescent probes DCFH-DA and JC-1 were used to assess the intracellular reactive oxidative species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential statuses, respectively. The regulation of MAN on relevant pathways was investigated by immunoblotting assays. The results obtained indicated that MAN caused significant apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in A549 cells, which eventually resulted in inhibition on cell proliferation in vitro. All these phenomena were synchronized with escalated oxidative stress and downregulation of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase/nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAMPT/NAD). Supplementation with nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) efficiently eased MAN-induced ROS accumulation, and potently antagonized MAN-elicited apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. The pro-apoptotic effect of MAN was further confirmed by increased expressions of cleaved caspase 3, 6, 7, and 9, and its effect on cell cycle progression was validated by the altered expressions of p-p38, p-p53, CDK4, and cyclin D1. The immunoblotting assays also demonstrated that NAC/NMN effectively restored these molecular changes elicited by MAN treatment. Collectively, this study revealed a unique anti-tumor mechanism of MAN by provoking ROS production through downregulation of NAMPT/NAD signaling and further validated MAN as a potential therapeutic reagent for lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Yun Ding
- Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, China
| | - Jia-Jie Luan
- Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, China
| | - Yan Fan
- Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, China
| | - Opeyemi Joshua Olatunji
- Faculty of Traditional Thai Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90112, Thailand
| | - Jing Song
- Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, China
| | - Jian Zuo
- Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, China.
- Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, China.
- Department of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, No 2nd West Zheshan Road, Wuhu, 241000, China.
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Yu X, Liu J. Effects of high-quality nursing care for patients with lung cancer during the perioperative period: A protocol of systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e18132. [PMID: 31770247 PMCID: PMC6890368 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000018132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study will explore the effects of high-quality nursing care (HQNC) for patients with lung cancer (LC) during the perioperative period (PPP). METHODS A literature search will be performed at Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure since its inception until October 1, 2019. All electronic databases will be searched with no restrictions of language and publication status. Two authors will perform study selection, data collection, and study quality assessment, respectively. We will use RevMan 5.3 software for statistical analysis. RESULTS This study will summarize the latest evidence on assessing the depression, anxiety, quality of life, and adverse events of HQNC in patients with LC during PPP. CONCLUSION The results of this study may provide helpful evidence of HQNC on psychological effects in patients with LC during PPP. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER PROSPERO CRD42019155982.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Yu
- Department of Acupuncture and Rehabilitation
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
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