1
|
Li K, Zhang L, Zhou F, Yang K, Zhan M, Su Y, Wu D, Xie B. Revealing mechanisms of NH 3 and N 2O emissions reduction in the rapid bio-drying of food waste: Insights from organic nitrogen composition and microbial activity. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 938:173353. [PMID: 38795999 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
Inevitably, aerobic biological treatment processes generate emissions of ammonia (NH3) and greenhouse gas (GHGs) emissions, especially nitrous oxide (N2O). The rapid bio-drying process (RBD) for food waste (FW) alleviates issues arising from its substantial growth. However, its emissions of NH3 and N2O remain unknown, and the correlation with nitrogen components in the substrate remains unclear, significantly impeding its widespread adoption. Here, the nitrogen loss and its mechanisms in RBD were investigated, and the results are as follows: The total emission of NH3 and N2O were1.42 and 1.16 mg/kg FW (fresh weight), respectively, achieving a 98 % reduction compared to prior studies. Structural equation modeling demonstrates that acid ammonium nitrogen (AN) decomposition chiefly generates NH3 in compost (p < 0.001). Strong correlation (p < 0.001) exists between amino acid nitrogen (AAN) and AN. In-depth analysis of microbial succession during the process reveals that the enrichment of Brevibacterium, Corynebacterium, Dietzia, Fastidiosipila, Lactobacillus, Mycobacterium, Peptoniphilus, and Truepera, are conducive to reducing the accumulation of AN and AAN in the substrate, minimizing NH3 emissions (p < 0.05). While Pseudomonas, Denitrobacterium, Nitrospira, and Bacillus are identified as key species contributing to N2O emissions during the process. Correlation analysis between physicochemical conditions and microbial succession in the system indicates that the moisture content and NO3- levels during the composting process provide suitable conditions for the growth of bacteria that contribute to NH3 and N2O emissions reduction, these enrichment in RBD process minimizing NH3 and N2O emissions. This study can offer crucial theoretical and data support for the resource utilization process of perishable organic solid waste, mitigating NH3 and GHGs emissions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyi Li
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China; Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China.
| | - Liangmao Zhang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China; Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China.
| | - Feng Zhou
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China; Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China.
| | - Kai Yang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China; Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
| | - Min Zhan
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China; Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, PR China; School of Civil, Environmental & Architectural Engineering, Korea University, 145, Anam-Ro, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yinglong Su
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China; Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
| | - Dong Wu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China; Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
| | - Bing Xie
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China; Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu Z, Cao S, He X, Liu G, Yao H, Ding S, Fang J. Effects of crayfish shell powder and bamboo-derived biochar on nitrogen conversion, bacterial community and nitrogen functional genes during pig manure composting. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 402:130783. [PMID: 38701980 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of crayfish shell powder (CSP) and bamboo-derived biochar (BDB) on nitrogen metabolism, bacterial community and nitrogen functional genes during pig manure composting. Four treatments were established: CP (with no additives), TP1 (5 % BDB), TP2 (5 % CSP) and TP3 (2.5 % BDB + 2.5 % CSP). Compared to CP, the germination index (GI) of TP reached > 85 % 10 days earlier. Meanwhile, TP3 reduced NH3 and N2O emissions by 42.90 % and 65.9 %, respectively, while increased TN (total nitrogen) concentration by 5.43 g/kg. Furthermore, additives changed the bacterial structure and formed a beneficial symbiotic relationship with essential N-preserving bacteria, thereby enhancing nitrogen retention throughout the composting process. Metagenomic analysis revealed that additives upregulated nitrification genes and downregulated denitrification and nitrate reduction genes, ultimately improving nitrogen cycling and mitigating NH3 and N2O emissions. In conclusion, the results confirmed that TP3 was the most effective treatment in reducing nitrogen loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuangzhuang Liu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, PR China; Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Swine Production, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Shuhua Cao
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, PR China; Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Swine Production, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Xi He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, PR China
| | - Gang Liu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, PR China; Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Swine Production, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Hao Yao
- Changsha IMADEK Intelligent Technology Co., LTD, PR China
| | - Sujuan Ding
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, PR China; Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Swine Production, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Jun Fang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, PR China; Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Swine Production, Changsha 410128, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Altieri R, Spaccini R, Pane C, Manganiello G, Cangemi S, Verrillo M, Stanzione V, Esposito A. Process and quality evaluation of different improved composts made with a smart laboratory pilot plant. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31059. [PMID: 38803888 PMCID: PMC11128855 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
This study monitored the process and investigated the quality of compost obtained from different biomasses. Five blends of agri-food waste were composted by a laboratory pilot plant named COMPOSTER, that is designed to optimize biodegradation, and produce compost efficiently. The COMPOSTER consists of two 35-liter nearly adiabatic, aerated bioreactors that simulate an industrial process involving the typical sequence of mesophilic-thermophilic-mesophilic phases. It continuously monitors and records temperature, internal pressure, and biomass weight, while controlling and quantifying oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide emissions resulting from aerobic biodegradation. All composts were characterized for their main chemical, physical, and molecular features, as well as their suppressiveness against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici (FOL), tested on tomato seedlings. Optimized biodegradation yielded 50-60 % mature compost with a cumulative oxygen consumption ranging from 282 to 456 gO2 per kg of dry matter, with peaks of 2.55 gO2 per kg of volatile solids per hour, and carbon dioxide emissions of 22-36 % of the initial carbon content, with peaks of 5.89 g CO2 per kg of volatile solids per hour. Blends containing more ligno-cellulosic ingredients showed higher yields and lower CO2 emissions. Most of the nitrogen present initially was retained in the final compost; indeed, all mixtures exhibited an apparent nitrogen concentration increase due to carbon loss. Composting determined deep modifications in the molecular structure of the organic matter. 13C CPMAS-NMR and off-line thermochemolysis GC-MS analyses highlighted decomposition degree of polysaccharides and peptidic moieties, selective preservation of aliphatic and aromatic recalcitrant compounds, and optimal ongoing humification. All composts were non-phytotoxic, except for that including pepper crop residues, and all resulted rich in macro- and micro-elements for plant nutrition and proved to be active in controlling FOL disease. Compost comprising 81.2 % tomato crop waste exhibited the best growth performance and pathogen control on tomato. Mature, non-phytotoxic, nutrient-rich, and suppressive composts represent promising by-products that can be successfully recycled in agriculture, including high-value applications, leading to lower use of fertilizers and pesticides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Altieri
- Institute for Agricultural and Forest Systems in the Mediterranean, National Research Council (CNR-ISAFOM), Perugia, Italy
| | - Riccardo Spaccini
- CERMANU - NMR Research Center, University of Napoli Federico II, Portici, Italy
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055, Portici, Italy
| | - Catello Pane
- Research Centre for Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Pontecagnano Faiano, Italy
| | - Gelsomina Manganiello
- Research Centre for Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Pontecagnano Faiano, Italy
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055, Portici, Italy
| | - Silvana Cangemi
- CERMANU - NMR Research Center, University of Napoli Federico II, Portici, Italy
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055, Portici, Italy
| | - Mariavittoria Verrillo
- CERMANU - NMR Research Center, University of Napoli Federico II, Portici, Italy
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055, Portici, Italy
| | - Vitale Stanzione
- Institute for Agricultural and Forest Systems in the Mediterranean, National Research Council (CNR-ISAFOM), Perugia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Esposito
- Institute for Agricultural and Forest Systems in the Mediterranean, National Research Council (CNR-ISAFOM), Perugia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xu J, Zhang Z, Wu Y, Liu B, Xia X, Chen Y. Effects of C/N ratio on N 2O emissions and nitrogen functional genes during vegetable waste composting. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:32538-32552. [PMID: 38656720 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33427-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Nitrous oxide (N2O) generation during composting not only leads to losses of nitrogen (N) but also reduces the agronomic values and environmental benefits of composting. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the C/N ratio on N2O emissions and its underlying mechanisms at the genetic level during the composting of vegetable waste. The experiment was set up with three treatments, including low C/N treatment (LT, C/N = 18), middle C/N treatment (MT, C/N = 30), and high C/N treatment (HT, C/N = 50). The results showed that N2O emission was mainly concentrated in the cooling and maturation periods, and the cumulative N2O emissions decreased as the C/N ratio increased. Specifically, the cumulative N2O emission was 57,401 mg in LT, significantly higher than 2155 mg in MT and 1353 mg in HT. Lowering the C/N ratio led to increasing TN, NH4+-N, and NO3--N contents throughout the composting process. All detected nitrification-related gene abundances in LT continued to increase during composting, significantly surpassing those in MT during the cooling period. By contrast, in HT, there was a slight increase in the abundance of detected nitrification-related genes but a significant decrease in the abundance of narG, napA, and norB genes in the thermophilic and cooling periods. The structural equation model revealed that hao and nosZ genes were vital in N2O emissions. In conclusion, increasing the C/N ratio effectively contributed to N2O reduction during vegetable waste composting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingang Xu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Fertilization From Agricultural Wastes, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Fertilizer, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064, Hubei, China
| | - Zhi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Fertilization From Agricultural Wastes, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Fertilizer, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064, Hubei, China
| | - Yupeng Wu
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Fertilization From Agricultural Wastes, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Fertilizer, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064, Hubei, China
| | - Xiange Xia
- Key Laboratory of Fertilization From Agricultural Wastes, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Fertilizer, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064, Hubei, China
| | - Yunfeng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Fertilization From Agricultural Wastes, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Fertilizer, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064, Hubei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Shi S, Bao J, Guo Z, Han Y, Xu Y, Egbeagu UU, Zhao L, Jiang N, Sun L, Liu X, Liu W, Chang N, Zhang J, Sun Y, Xu X, Fu S. Improving prediction of N 2O emissions during composting using model-agnostic meta-learning. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 922:171357. [PMID: 38431167 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Nitrous oxide (N2O) represents a significant environmental challenge as a harmful, long-lived greenhouse gas that contributes to the depletion of stratospheric ozone and exacerbates global anthropogenic greenhouse warming. Composting is considered a promising and economically feasible strategy for the treatment of organic waste. However, recent research indicates that composting is a source of N2O, contributing to atmospheric pollution and greenhouse effect. Consequently, there is a need for the development of effective, cost-efficient methodologies to quantify N2O emissions accurately. In this study, we employed the model-agnostic meta-learning (MAML) method to improve the performance of N2O emissions prediction during manure composting. The highest R2 and lowest root mean squared error (RMSE) values achieved were 0.939 and 18.42 mg d-1, respectively. Five machine learning methods including the backpropagation neural network, extreme learning machine, integrated machine learning method based on ELM and random forest, gradient boosting decision tree, and extreme gradient boosting were adopted for comparison to further demonstrate the effectiveness of the MAML prediction model. Feature analysis showed that moisture content of structure material and ammonium concentration during composting process were the two most significant features affecting N2O emissions. This study serves as proof of the application of MAML during N2O emissions prediction, further giving new insights into the effects of manure material properties and composting process data on N2O emissions. This approach helps determining the strategies for mitigating N2O emissions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Shi
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jiaxin Bao
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Zhiheng Guo
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yue Han
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yonghui Xu
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Ugochi Uzoamaka Egbeagu
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Liyan Zhao
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Nana Jiang
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Lei Sun
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xinda Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Wanying Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Nuo Chang
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jining Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yu Sun
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xiuhong Xu
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Song Fu
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150030, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Shaaban M. Microbial pathways of nitrous oxide emissions and mitigation approaches in drylands. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 354:120393. [PMID: 38364533 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Drylands refer to water scarcity and low nutrient levels, and their plant and biocrust distribution is highly diverse, making the microbial processes that shape dryland functionality particularly unique compared to other ecosystems. Drylands are constraint for sustainable agriculture and risk for food security, and expected to increase over time. Nitrous oxide (N2O), a potent greenhouse gas with ozone reduction potential, is significantly influenced by microbial communities in drylands. However, our understanding of the biological mechanisms and processes behind N2O emissions in these areas is limited, despite the fact that they highly account for total gaseous nitrogen (N) emissions on Earth. This review aims to illustrate the important biological pathways and microbial players that regulate N2O emissions in drylands, and explores how these pathways might be influenced by global changes for example N deposition, extreme weather events, and climate warming. Additionally, we propose a theoretical framework for manipulating the dryland microbial community to effectively reduce N2O emissions using evolving techniques that offer inordinate specificity and efficacy. By combining expertise from different disciplines, these exertions will facilitate the advancement of innovative and environmentally friendly microbiome-based solutions for future climate change vindication approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shaaban
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhao H, Li S, Pu J, Wang H, Dou X. Effects of Bacillus-based inoculum on odor emissions co-regulation, nutrient element transformations and microbial community tropological structures during chicken manure and sawdust composting. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 354:120328. [PMID: 38354615 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate whether different doses of Bacillus-based inoculum inoculated in chicken manure and sawdust composting will provide distinct effects on the co-regulation of ammonia (NH3) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S), nutrient conversions and microbial topological structures. Results indicate that the Bacillus-based inoculum inhibits NH3 emissions mainly by regulating bacterial communities, while promotes H2S emissions by regulating both bacterial and fungal communities. The inoculum only has a little effect on total organic carbon (TOC) and inhibits total sulfur (TS) and total phosphorus (TP) accumulations. Low dose inoculation inhibits total potassium (TK) accumulation, while high dose inoculation promotes TK accumulation and the opposite is true for total nitrogen (TN). The inoculation slightly affects the bacterial compositions, significantly alters the fungal compositions and increases the microbial cooperation, thus influencing the compost substances transformations. The microbial communities promote ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N), TN, available phosphorus (AP), total potassium (TK) and TS, but inhibit nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N), TP and TK. Additionally, the bacterial communities promote, while the fungal communities inhibit the nitrite nitrogen (NO2--N) production. The core bacterial and fungal genera regulate NH3 and H2S emissions through the secretions of metabolic enzymes and the promoting or inhibiting effects on NH3 and H2S emissions are always opposite. Hence, Bacillus-based inoculum cannot regulate the NH3 and H2S emissions simultaneously.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huaxuan Zhao
- Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Sciences, Yangzhou, 225125, China
| | - Shangmin Li
- Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Sciences, Yangzhou, 225125, China.
| | - Junhua Pu
- Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Sciences, Yangzhou, 225125, China
| | - Hongzhi Wang
- Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Sciences, Yangzhou, 225125, China
| | - Xinhong Dou
- Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Sciences, Yangzhou, 225125, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Cao Y, Bai M, Han B, Butterly C, Hu H, He J, Griffith DWT, Chen D. NH 3 and greenhouse gas emissions during co-composting of lignite and poultry wastes and the following amendment of co-composted products in soil. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38379449 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2024.2306799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Ammonia (NH3) and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are substantial contributors to C and N loss in composting. Lignite can increase N retention by absorbing N H 4 + and NH3. However, the effects of co-composting on NH3 and GHG emissions in view of closing nutrient cycle are still poorly investigated. In the study, poultry litter was composted without (CK) or with lignite (T1) or dewatered lignite (T2), and their respective composts N H 4 + Com_CK, Com_T1, and Com_T2) were tested in a soil incubation to assess NH3 and GHG emission during composting and following soil utilization. The cumulative NH3 flux in T1 and T2 were reduced by 39.3% and 50.2%, while N2O emissions were increased by 7.5 and 15.6 times, relative to CK. The total GHG emission in T2 was reduced by 16.8% compared to CK. Lignite addition significantly increased nitrification and denitrification as evidenced by the increased abundances of amoA, amoB, nirK, and nirS. The increased reduction on NH3 emission by dewatered lignite could be attributed to reduced pH and enhanced cation exchangeable capacity than lignite. The increased N2O was related to enhanced nitrification and denitrification. In the soil incubation experiment, compost addition reduced NH3 emission by 72%∼83% while increased emissions of CO2 and N2O by 306%∼740% and 208%∼454%, compared with urea. Com_T2 strongly reduced NH3 and GHG emissions after soil amendment compared to Com_CK. Overall, dewatered lignite, as an effective additive, exhibits great potential to simultaneously mitigate NH3 and GHG secondary pollution during composting and subsequent utilization of manure composts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Cao
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Crop and Livestock Integrated Farming, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei Bai
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agriculture Science, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Bing Han
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agriculture Science, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Clayton Butterly
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agriculture Science, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Hangwei Hu
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agriculture Science, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jizheng He
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agriculture Science, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David W T Griffith
- Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, Centre for Atmospheric Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Deli Chen
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agriculture Science, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yin Y, Gu M, Zhang W, Yang C, Li H, Wang X, Chen R. Relationships between different types of biochar and N 2O emissions during composting based on roles of nosZ-carrying denitrifying bacterial communities enriched on compost and biochar particles. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 394:130214. [PMID: 38122996 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Biochar has demonstrated the potential in mitigating N2O emissions during composting. However, little is known about how microbial communities on biochar particles interact with N2O emissions. This study selected three types of biochar (corn stalk biochar (CSB), rape straw biochar (RSB), and bamboo charcoal (BC)) to investigate the relationship between N2O emissions and denitrifying bacterial communities on compost and biochar particles. The results showed that N2O emissions rate were higher in the thermophilic phase, and the average emissions rate of BC treatment were lower 40% and 26% than CSB and RSB, respectively. The nosZ-carrying denitrifying bacterial community played a key role in reducing N2O emissions, and the network indicated that Rhizobium and Paracoccus on compost particles may have played major roles in reducing N2O emissions, but only Paracoccus on biochar particles. Notably, BC enhanced the efficiency of N2O emission reduction by enhancing the abundance of these key genera.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Yin
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, PR China; International S&T Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development, Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, PR China.
| | - Mengjin Gu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Wenrong Zhang
- School of Building Services Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Chao Yang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Haichao Li
- Department of Soil and Environment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Lennart Hjelms Väg 9, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Xiaochang Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, PR China; International S&T Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development, Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Rong Chen
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, PR China; International S&T Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development, Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tan Z, Dong B, Xing M, Sun X, Xi B, Dai W, He C, Luo Y, Huang Y. Electric field applications enhance the electron transfer capacity of dissolved organic matter in sludge compost. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2024; 45:283-293. [PMID: 35900008 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2022.2107951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) plays an important role in heavy metal passivation and organic pollutant degradation owing to its redox ability. The structure and composition of DOM are determinants of redox ability changes during composting. Electric field-assisted aerobic composting (EAAC) has been shown to promote the degradation and humification of organic matter in compost. However, how EAAC affects the redox ability of DOM remains unclear. Hence, electron transfer capacity (ETC) of DOM extracted from EAAC was studied using the electrochemical method. Various spectral methods, such as excitation-emission matrix and ultraviolet and visible spectrophotometry were used to study the relationship of ETC with the compositional and structural changes of DOM. Results indicated that EAAC enhanced ETC of DOM at the later stage of composting, and ETC of DOM extracted from the final EAAC product was 10.4% higher than that of the control group. Spectral and correlation analyses showed that EAAC resulted in structural and compositional changes of DOM, and humification degree, aromatic compounds, molecular weight, and fulvic- and humic-like substance contents were improved in EAAC. This conversion increased ETC of DOM. Results of this study will contribute to the understanding of the redox of DOM and in expanding the application of EAAC products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihan Tan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Dong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Meiyan Xing
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojie Sun
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Beidou Xi
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, People's Republic of China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenfeng Dai
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaojie He
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yumu Luo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanmei Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Li X, Wang S, Zhao S, Chang H, Li Y, Zhao Y. Effects of an assistive electric field on heavy metal passivation during manure composting. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 901:165909. [PMID: 37524182 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Composting is one of main technologies for treating and thus utilizing livestock manure and sludge. However, heavy metals are major concerns in compost utilization due to their potential environmental hazards and health risks. This study aimed to investigate the effects of electric field-assisted composting on the variations of heavy metals and the affecting factors. The results showed that electric field significantly reduced the contents of bioavailable heavy metals including Mn, Zn, Cu, Ni, and Cd, with their bioavailable concentrations decreasing by 61.7, 63.8, 64.9, 83.7, and 63.8 %, respectively. The heavy metals being transformed into stable states were increased, indicating that the electric field also passivated these heavy metals and reduced their biological toxicity and stabilized their forms. Spearman's correlation analysis revealed that the changes in substances, temperature, and organic matter were the dominant environmental factors affecting the forms of heavy metals. Microbial community analysis indicated an increase in the abundance of metal-resistant bacteria such as Pseudomonas and Bacillus during electric field-assisted composting, with their relative abundances being increased to 2.66 % and 15.63 % in the pile of electric field-assisted composting, respectively, compared to the values of 1.88 % and 4.36 % respectively in the conventional composting. The current study suggests that electric field-assisted composting can significantly reduce the availability of heavy metals in the compost, and thus mitigate the health risks associated with its application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Shengwei Wang
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Silan Zhao
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Huiming Chang
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yanxia Li
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Mi H, Shen C, Ding T, Zheng X, Tang J, Lin H, Zhou S. Identifying the role of array electrodes in improving the compost quality of food waste during electric field-assisted aerobic composting. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 388:129763. [PMID: 37704091 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Low composting temperature and long maturation periods are two major problems during food waste composting. In this study, a novel array-based electric field-assisted aerobic composting (Pin-EAC) process was tested on food waste compost. Pin-EAC increase the composting temperature to 69.3 °C, and improved the germination index by 15%. The Pin-EAC took at least 40% less time to reach the standard compost maturity. The fluorescent spectroscopy results showed that Pin-EAC could increase humic acid and fulvic acid by 33% and 37%, respectively. Pin-EAC could increase the diversity of thermophilic bacteria during composting. The co-occurrence network shown that Pin-EAC are more closely related to oxygen and temperature. This work has initially shown that the use of an electric field could improve food waste composting quality, suggesting that the Pin-EAC process is an effective strategy for high-water and high-oil organic solid waste aerobic composting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Mi
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Industrial Green Technology, College of Ecology and Resources Engineering, Wuyi University, Wuyi shan, 354300, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Chang Shen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Tingting Ding
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Industrial Green Technology, College of Ecology and Resources Engineering, Wuyi University, Wuyi shan, 354300, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xincheng Zheng
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Industrial Green Technology, College of Ecology and Resources Engineering, Wuyi University, Wuyi shan, 354300, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jiahuan Tang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Industrial Green Technology, College of Ecology and Resources Engineering, Wuyi University, Wuyi shan, 354300, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Hao Lin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Industrial Green Technology, College of Ecology and Resources Engineering, Wuyi University, Wuyi shan, 354300, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Shungui Zhou
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Li H, Tan L, Liu W, Li X, Zhang D, Xu Y. Unraveling the effect of added microbial inoculants on ammonia emissions during co-composting of kitchen waste and sawdust: Core microorganisms and functional genes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 874:162522. [PMID: 36868270 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Despite the role of microorganisms in nitrogen biotransformation has been extensively explored, how microorganisms mitigate NH3 emissions in the transformation of nitrogen throughout the composting system is rarely addressed. The present study explored the effect of microbial inoculants (MIs) and the contribution of different composted phases (solid, leachate, and gas) on NH3 emissions by constructing a co-composting system of kitchen waste and sawdust with and without the addition of MI. The results showed that NH3 emissions increased markedly after adding MIs, in which the contribution of leachate ammonia volatilization to NH3 emissions was most prominent. The core microorganisms of NH3 emission had a clear proliferation owing to the MIs reshaping community stochastic process. Also, MIs can strengthen the co-occurrence between microorganisms and functional genes of nitrogen to promote nitrogen metabolism. In particular, the abundances of nrfA, nrfH, and nirB genes, which could augment the dissimilatory nitrate reduction process, were increased, thus enhancing NH3 emissions. This study bolsters the fundamental, community-level understanding of nitrogen reduction treatments for agricultural.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Houyu Li
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Lu Tan
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department F.A. Forel for Environmental and Aquatic Sciences, Section of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Xiaojing Li
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China; Department F.A. Forel for Environmental and Aquatic Sciences, Section of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Geneva, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhu S, Deng J, Jin X, Wu H, Wei C, Qiu G, Preis S, Wei C. Diverse and distinct bacterial community involved in a full-scale A/O1/H/O2 combination of bioreactors with simultaneous decarbonation and denitrogenation of coking wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:2103-2117. [PMID: 35930152 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22103-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Taking into account difficulties in exhaustive simultaneous decarbonation and denitrogenation in biological treatment of coking wastewater (CWW), a novel full-scale CWW biological treatment sequentially combining anaerobic, aerobic, hydrolytic, and aerobic reactors (A/O1/H/O2) was designed performing excellent removal of carbon-containing pollutants in the bioreactors A and O1, while the nitrogen-containing compounds in the bioreactors H and O2. To provide an effective tool for the CWW treatment monitoring and control, the succession of microbial community in this unique toxic CWW habitat should be established and characterized in detail. The results of 16S rRNA genes revealed Acidobacteria dominating in the unique CWW habitat. The dominant groups in bioreactors A and O1 include Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Acidobacteria, while Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Nitrospirae, and Planctomycetes dominate in reactors H and O2. The genera of Rhodoplanes, Bacillus, and Leucobacter are rich in genes responsible for the xenobiotics biodegradation and metabolism pathway. The Mantel test and PCA results showed the microbial communities of A/O1/H/O2 sequence correlating strongly with SRT, and COD load and removal. The co-occurrence network analysis indicated decarbonation and denitrogenation driven by two network modules having the keystone taxa belonging to the Comamonadaceae and Hyphomicrobiaceae families. The results significantly expanded the knowledge on the diversity, structure, and function of the CWW active sludge differentiating the relationships between bacterial communities and environmental variables in CWW treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zhu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, School of Biosciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinsi Deng
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, School of Biosciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobao Jin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, School of Biosciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Haizhen Wu
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Wei
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanglei Qiu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Sergei Preis
- Department of Materials and Environmental Technology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Chaohai Wei
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Gong X, Zou L, Wang L, Zhang B, Jiang J. Biochar improves compost humification, maturity and mitigates nitrogen loss during the vermicomposting of cattle manure-maize straw. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 325:116432. [PMID: 36274337 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Maintaining humidification and inhibiting nitrogen losses during vermicomposting process have emerged to be key factors for high-quality productions. Previous data have showed outstanding functions of biochar addition in improving vermicomposting quality. In this study, the influence of bamboo biochar (BB) and rice husk biochar (RHB) addition on compost maturity, humification and nitrogen loss was evaluated in the vermicomposting of cattle manure and maize straw. Results revealed that BB or RHB amendment improved organic matter decomposition, enhanced humification and maturity of compost, particularly in the 10% BB treatment, which exerted the highest humic acids content and GI value. Furthermore, BB or RHB addition significantly reduced nitrogen losses, in which the volatilization of NH3 and N2O were reduced by 24.93%-66.23% and 14.91%-55.12%. The fewest nitrogen loss was detected in the treatment of 10% BB. Biochar inhibited nirK, nirS but promoted AOB-amoA, nosZ expression; fewer N2O producing bacteria (Pseudomonas, Devosia, Luteimonas genus) were observed in the biochar treatment, and thereby decreased the N2O emission. Therefore, 10% BB addition for co-vermicomposting cattle manure and maize straw is an efficient way to increase humification, maturity, and reduce nitrogen loss, and future applications following this strategy is believed to generate better productions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiang Gong
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Lan Zou
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Li Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Bo Zhang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Junxian Jiang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Deng L, Liu W, Chang N, Sun L, Zhang J, Bello A, Uzoamaka Egbeagu U, Shi S, Sun Y, Xu X. Disentangling the coupling relationships between functional denitrifiers and nitrogen transformation during cattle-manure and biochar composting: A novel perspective. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 367:128235. [PMID: 36332857 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study explored the coupling relationships between denitrifiers and N-transformation using multi-level (DNA, RNA and enzyme) and multi-aspect (abundance, diversity, structure, key community, network pattern, and functional module) analyses during cattle-manure (CM) and biochar (CMB) composting. Amino sugar-N (ASN, 0.914) and hydrolysable unknown-N (-0.724) were main organic-N components mediating NH4+-N in CM and CMB, respectively. Biochar lowered nirK, nirS, and nosZ genes copies, up-regulated nir gene transcripts, and inhibited nitrite reductase (NIR) activity. For nirK-denitrifiers, Luteimonas was predominant taxa influencing NO2--N and amino acid-N (AAN). Unclassified_k_norank_d_Bacteria and unclassified_p_Proteobacteria regulated NO3--N and ASN, respectively. These three genera played crucial roles in mediating NIR activity and nosZ/nirK. For nirS-denitrifiers, Paracoccus and Pseudomonas mediated NH4+-N and AAN, respectively, and they were vital genera regulating NO3--N, ASN and NIR activity. Furthermore, nirK-denitrifiers was major contributor to denitrification. Overall, functional denitrifiers might simultaneously participate in multiple N-transformation processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liting Deng
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Wanying Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Nuo Chang
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Lei Sun
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jizhou Zhang
- Institute of Natural Resources and Ecology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Ayodeji Bello
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Ugochi Uzoamaka Egbeagu
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Shuai Shi
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yu Sun
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xiuhong Xu
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Shangguan H, Fu T, Shen C, Mi H, Wei J, Tang J, Zhou S. In situ generated oxygen distribution causes maturity differentiation during electrolytic oxygen aerobic composting. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 850:157939. [PMID: 35952878 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Electrolytic oxygen aerobic composting (EOAC) is an effective treatment with greater technical superiority and cost advantages for organic solid waste using in situ electrolytic oxygen as a feasible strategy to replace conventional aeration. However, the unclear effects of distribution and variation of in situ electrolytic oxygen on compost maturation in different depth zones of EOAC need further exploration. This study demonstrated that the humification of organic matter was faster at the bottom than in the middle and at the top. The main reason was that the higher oxygen content and lower moisture content in the bottom promoted microbial degradation and heat production, resulting in higher temperatures. The microbial analysis showed that the abundance of typical thermophilic bacteria (such as Cerasibacillus, Lactobacillus, and Pseudogracilibacillus) that could promote compost maturation was higher at the bottom than in the middle and at the top. The finding provided in-depth molecular insights into differentiated humification from bottom to top in EOAC and revealed its further practical engineering applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huayuan Shangguan
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tao Fu
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences (Ministry of Education), College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Chang Shen
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Huan Mi
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Junrong Wei
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jiahuan Tang
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Shungui Zhou
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Li X, Zhao Y, Xu A, Chang H, Lin G, Li R. Conductive biochar promotes oxygen utilization to inhibit greenhouse gas emissions during electric field-assisted aerobic composting. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 842:156929. [PMID: 35753460 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The insufficient oxygen supply in partial materials commonly results in significant greenhouse gas emissions during composting, which is essentially attributed to the poor electron transfer in the composting systems. Electric field-assisted aerobic composting (EAC) is considered effective in mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions, but the poor conductivity of composting materials hampers its efficiency and applicability. In this study, conductive biochar was added in the EAC system to investigate its effects on the performance and greenhouse gas emissions during the composting processes. In the system of EAC with biochar, the electrochemical properties, O2 utilization and composting performance were improved compared to the systems without biochar or assisted electric field. The maximum current of EAC with biochar was 0.32 A, higher than that without biochar (0.28A). Particularly, the peak concentrations of CH4 and N2O in the EAC system with biochar were 0.86 mg·kg-1 and 1.43 mg·kg-1, which were 45 % and 27 % lower than those in the EAC without biochar, respectively. The direct global warming potential attributed to CO2, CH4, and N2O was 3.96 g CO2-equivalent·kg-1 dry mass, providing a 31.6 % reduction compared to conventional composting. Microbial analyses revealed that biochar increased the relative abundance of electroactive bacteria including Bacillus, Tepidimicrobium and Corynebacterium. In contrast, the abundances of potential nitrifying and denitrifying bacterial species of Pseudomonas, Corynebacterium, Acinetobacter, and Bacillus were significantly lowered in the biochar-assisted EAC system (11.35 %). The results showed that the addition of biochar was able to promote the electrical conductivity of composting materials and accelerate the organic oxidation process by increasing O2 consumption, and accordingly change the dominant microbial community on both composting and biochar particles. This study verified the mechanism of the effectiveness of biochar in greenhouse gas control in composting processes, and thus provided evidence for facilitating the sustainable development of composting technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Ankun Xu
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Huiming Chang
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Guangnv Lin
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Rong Li
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Wen X, Sun R, Cao Z, Huang Y, Li J, Zhou Y, Fu M, Ma L, Zhu P, Li Q. Synergistic metabolism of carbon and nitrogen: Cyanate drives nitrogen cycle to conserve nitrogen in composting system. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 361:127708. [PMID: 35907603 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, HCO3- was used as a co-substrate for cyanate metabolism to investigate its effect on nitrogen cycle in composting. The results showed that the carbamate content in experimental group (T) with HCO3- added was higher than that in control group (CP) during cooling period. Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria were the dominant phyla for cyanate metabolism, and the process was mediated by cyanase gene (cynS). The cynS abundance was 16.6% higher in T than CP. In cooling period, the nitrification gene hao in T was 8.125% higher than CP. Denitrification genes narG, narH, nirK, norB, and nosZ were 25.64%, 35.33%, 45.93%, 36.62%, and 36.12% less than CP, respectively. The nitrogen fixation gene nifH in T was consistently higher than CP in the late composting period. Conclusively, cyanate metabolism drove the nitrogen cycle by promoting nitrification, nitrogen fixation, and inhibiting denitrification, which improved nitrogen retention and compost quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Wen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Ru Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Ziyi Cao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yite Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Jixuan Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yucheng Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Mengxin Fu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Liangcai Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Pengfei Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Qunliang Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Huang D, Gao L, Cheng M, Yan M, Zhang G, Chen S, Du L, Wang G, Li R, Tao J, Zhou W, Yin L. Carbon and N conservation during composting: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 840:156355. [PMID: 35654189 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Composting, as a conventional solid waste treatment method, plays an essential role in carbon and nitrogen conservation, thereby reducing the loss of nutrients and energy. However, some carbon- and nitrogen-containing gases are inevitably released during the process of composting due to the different operating conditions, resulting in carbon and nitrogen losses. To overcome this obstacle, many researchers have been trying to optimize the adjustment parameters and add some amendments (i.e., pHysical amendments, chemical amendments and microbial amendments) to reduce the losses and enhance carbon and nitrogen conservation. However, investigation regarding mechanisms for the conservation of carbon and nitrogen are limited. Therefore, this review summarizes the studies on physical amendments, chemical amendments and microbial amendments and proposes underlying mechanisms for the enhancement of carbon and nitrogen conservation: adsorption or conversion, and also evaluates their contribution to the mitigation of the greenhouse effect, providing a theoretical basis for subsequent composting-related researchers to better improve carbon and nitrogen conservation measures. This paper also suggests that: assessing the contribution of composting as a process to global greenhouse gas mitigation requires a complete life cycle evaluation of composting. The current lack of compost clinker impact on carbon and nitrogen sequestration capacity of the application site needs to be explored by more research workers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danlian Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China.
| | - Lan Gao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Min Cheng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Ming Yan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Gaoxia Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Sha Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Li Du
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Guangfu Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Ruijin Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Jiaxi Tao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Wei Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Lingshi Yin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Hoang HG, Thuy BTP, Lin C, Vo DVN, Tran HT, Bahari MB, Le VG, Vu CT. The nitrogen cycle and mitigation strategies for nitrogen loss during organic waste composting: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 300:134514. [PMID: 35398076 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Composting is a promising technology to decompose organic waste into humus-like high-quality compost, which can be used as organic fertilizer. However, greenhouse gases (N2O, CO2, CH4) and odorous emissions (H2S, NH3) are major concerns as secondary pollutants, which may pose adverse environmental and health effects. During the composting process, nitrogen cycle plays an important role to the compost quality. This review aimed to (1) summarizes the nitrogen cycle of the composting, (2) examine the operational parameters, microbial activities, functions of enzymes and genes affecting the nitrogen cycle, and (3) discuss mitigation strategies for nitrogen loss. Operational parameters such as moisture, oxygen content, temperature, C/N ratio and pH play an essential role in the nitrogen cycle, and adjusting them is the most straightforward method to reduce nitrogen loss. Also, nitrification and denitrification are the most crucial processes of the nitrogen cycle, which strongly affect microbial community dynamics. The ammonia-oxidizing bacteria or archaea (AOB/AOA) and the nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB), and heterotrophic and autotrophic denitrifiers play a vital role in nitrification and denitrification with the involvement of ammonia monooxygenase (amoA) gene, nitrate reductase genes (narG), and nitrous oxide reductase (nosZ). Furthermore, adding additives such as struvite salts (MgNH4PO4·6H2O), biochar, and zeolites (clinoptilolite), and microbial inoculation, namely Bacillus cereus (ammonium strain), Pseudomonas donghuensis (nitrite strain), and Bacillus licheniformis (nitrogen fixer) can help control nitrogen loss. This review summarized critical issues of the nitrogen cycle and nitrogen loss in order to help future composting research with regard to compost quality and air pollution/odor control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Giang Hoang
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Finance - Accounting, Dong Nai Technology University, Bien Hoa, Dong Nai, 76100, Viet Nam
| | - Bui Thi Phuong Thuy
- Faculty of Basic Sciences, Van Lang University, 68/69 Dang Thuy Tram Street, Ward 13, Binh Thanh District, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam
| | - Chitsan Lin
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, 81157, Taiwan
| | - Dai-Viet N Vo
- Center of Excellence for Green Energy and Environmental Nanomaterials (CE@GrEEN), Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam; School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Huu Tuan Tran
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, 81157, Taiwan.
| | - Mahadi B Bahari
- Faculty of Science, Universiti Technoloki Malaysia, 81310, UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Van Giang Le
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Chi Thanh Vu
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL, 35899, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Fu T, Tang J, Wu J, Shen C, Shangguan H, Zeng RJ, Zhou S. Alternating electric field enables hyperthermophilic composting of organic solid wastes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 828:154439. [PMID: 35288129 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Hyperthermophilic composting (HTC) achieves compost temperatures above 80 °C, usually depending on the inoculated hyperthermophilic bacteria, which has been well used in full-scale plants. However, the scarcity of hyperthermophilic bacteria and the high cultivation cost hinder the development of HTC. Recently, a direct-current electric field applied on conventional aerobic composting raised compost temperature to 70-75 °C, but gradient moisture distribution under the action of the direct-current electric field affected microbial metabolic heat and limited the temperature rise. Herein the effects of alternating electric field (AEF) promoting a uniform water distribution and further raising the temperature to achieve HTC were investigated. Our results demonstrated that AEF raised the compost temperature to 90 °C, and the period with temperatures above 80 °C lasted 4 days. The physicochemical properties and maturity index showed that the AEF improved the biodegradation and humification of organic matter due to the generation of metabolic heat. The AEF enriched thermophilic bacteria (Ureibacillus: by 52.36% on day 3; Navibacillus: by 46.54% on day 41). A techno-economic analysis indicated that the proposed approach with the AEF had a cost advantage over HTC with the inoculation of hyperthermophilic bacteria. Therefore, the AEF composting system represents a novel and applicable strategy for HTC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Fu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jiahuan Tang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Jiaxiong Wu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Chang Shen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Huayuan Shangguan
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Raymond Jianxiong Zeng
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Shungui Zhou
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhang G, Pang Y, Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Zhu DZ. Effect of dissolved oxygen on N 2O release in the sewer system during controlling hydrogen sulfide by nitrate dosing. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 816:151581. [PMID: 34774952 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate dosing is commonly used for controlling hydrogen sulfide in sewer systems. However, it may potentially facilitate N2O emission due to the denitrification process promoted by nitrate addition. In this study, lab-scale sewer reactors were operated to investigate the impact of nitrate addition on N2O production in sewer systems. Results showed that the N2O flux even increased by six times with the addition of nitrate when dissolved oxygen (DO) in the wastewater exceeded 0.4 mg/L. Principal component analysis showed that the N2O concentration was notably affected by DO and oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) in the wastewater. Furthermore, it was founded that N2O flux had a strong linear relationship with the DO concentration in the batch test. The microbial analysis found that the nosZ possessing organisms decreased significantly in the micro-aerobic condition and the copy numbers of nosZ gene declined consequently. It indicated that the inhibition of N2O reduced to N2 was responsible for significant accumulation and emission of N2O in the micro-aerobic condition. Given the gravity sewers are not completely anaerobic, the DO concentration is ranged from 0.1 to 2.4 mg/L in gravity sewers with the partially filled flow. Therefore, more attention should be paid to the N2O production when nitrate dosing for hydrogen sulfide controlling in gravity sewers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guijiao Zhang
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yao Pang
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yongchao Zhou
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Yiping Zhang
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - David Z Zhu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2W2, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Fu T, Shangguan H, Wei J, Wu J, Tang J, Zeng RJ, Zhou S. In-situ electrolytic oxygen is a feasible replacement for conventional aeration during aerobic composting. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 426:127846. [PMID: 34838365 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Aerobic composting is an effective recycling method for the disposal and resource utilization of organic solid waste. However, the inappropriate aeration mode used during conventional aerobic composting (CAC) often results in low oxygen utilization efficiency and loss of temperature, which further leads to a long maturation period and large odorous gas (NH3) pollution. Herein, a novel electrolytic oxygen aerobic composting (EOAC) process was invented first using in-situ oxygen generation for aeration by the electrolysis of water in compost. Our results demonstrated that the germination index (GI) significantly increased during EOAC, and the maturation time of compost was shortened by nearly 50% during EOAC compared to CAC, indicating higher oxygen utilization efficiency during EOAC. Meanwhile, NH3 emissions, N2O emissions, and nitrogen loss during the EOAC process decreased by 61%, 46%, and 21%, respectively, compared to CAC. The total relative abundance of thermophilic and electroactive bacteria during EOAC increased remarkably. EOAC inhibited ammoniation, nitrification, and denitrification, and weakened N-associated functional genes. A techno-economic analysis indicated that EOAC had greater technical superiority and cost advantages compared to CAC. This study represents proof-of-principle for EOAC and suggests that in-situ electrolytic oxygen is a feasible replacement for conventional aeration during aerobic composting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Fu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Huayuan Shangguan
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Junrong Wei
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jiaxiong Wu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jiahuan Tang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Raymond Jianxiong Zeng
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Shungui Zhou
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Fu T, Shangguan H, Shen C, Mi H, Wu J, Li L, Tang J, Zeng RJ, Zhou S. Moisture migration driven by the electric field causes the directional differentiation of compost maturity. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 811:152415. [PMID: 34923006 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Electric field-assisted aerobic composting (EAC) has been recently believed as a novel and effective process for the resource utilization of organic solid waste. However, the effect of electric field in composting process needs to be further clarified. Herein, moisture migration and compost maturity along electric-field-direction (from anode to cathode) in EAC was first to be explored. It was found that moisture content and compost maturity changed regularly from anode to cathode. At the end of composting, the moisture content of S3 (cathodic zone) was 30% and 62% higher than that of S2 (middle zone) and S1 (anodic zone), respectively. The germination index (a key parameter for compost maturity) in S3 (138.92%) was significantly higher than that of S2 (104.98%) and S1 (84.45%). However, temperatures in S3 were lower than that of S1 and S2, indicating the moisture content played a more important role than temperature for compost maturity in EAC. Furthermore, the microbial activities in S3 were also higher than that of S1 and S2, supporting the trend of compost maturity. This pioneering study demonstrates the electric field can drive moisture gradient migration to control the directional differentiation of compost maturity, showing a great application potential in aerobic composting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Fu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Huayuan Shangguan
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Chang Shen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Huan Mi
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jiaxiong Wu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Long Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jiahuan Tang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Raymond Jianxiong Zeng
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Shungui Zhou
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Zhou S, Kong F, Lu L, Wang P, Jiang Z. Biochar - An effective additive for improving quality and reducing ecological risk of compost: A global meta-analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:151439. [PMID: 34742793 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Biochar is considered as a promising additive with multi-benefits to compost production. However, how the biochar properties and composting conditions affect the composting process and quality and ecological risk of compost is still unclear. In the present study, we conducted a global meta-analysis based on 876 observations from 84 studies. Overall, regardless of biochar properties and composting conditions, biochar addition could significantly increase the pH (5.90%), germination index (26.6%), contents of nitrate nitrogen (56.6%), total nitrogen (9.50%), and total potassium (10.1%), and degree of polymerization (29.4%) while decrease the electrical conductivity (-5.70%), contents of ammonium nitrogen (-33.7%), bioavailable zinc (-22.9%), and bioavailable copper (-38.6%), and emissions of ammonia (-44.2%), nitrous oxide (-68.4%), and methane (-61.7%). Other compost indicators, including the carbon to nitrogen ratio and total phosphorus content, were found to be insignificantly affected by biochar addition. The responses of tested compost indicators affected by the biochar properties and composting conditions were further explored, based on which the addition of straw biochars at a rate of 10-15% was recommended due to its greater potential to improve quality of compost and reduce its ecological risk. Combining the results of linear regression analysis and structural equation model, the increase in compost pH caused by biochar addition was identified as the key mechanism for the increased nutrient content and decreased heavy metal bioavailability. These results could guide us to choose suitable kinds of biochar or develop engineered biochars with specific functionality to realize an optimal compost production mode.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shunxi Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Fanlong Kong
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Lun Lu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Business School, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Zhixiang Jiang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Meng L, Li W, Zhao Y, Chen L, Zhang S, Zhang X. Insights into influences of sucrose amendment on nitrification and denitrification in sewage sludge composting. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 276:130245. [PMID: 34088102 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sucrose amendment could promote ammonia assimilation and reduce nitrogen loss in sewage sludge (SS) composting, but the effects of sucrose amendment on nitrification and denitrification are still unknown that were firstly researched in present paper. Result showed that sucrose amendment reduced 33.0% of N2O emission by changing the physicochemical indexes, nitrogen forms, related bacteria and functional genes. In the sucrose treatment, the higher nitrifying bacteria community, amoA and nxrA genes abundance were, the lower hao, narG、nirS、nirK and norB genes abundance were. Based on the correlation analysis, the number of nitrifying bacteria was significantly positively correlated with NO3- and nxrA abundance, indicating that sucrose amendment promoted the growth of nitrifying bacteria, the contents of NO3- and the activity of nitrite oxidation. Moreover, contents of NO2- were positively correlated with N2O emission, narG, nirS and norB abundance, indicating that denitrification was the main path of N2O generated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liqiang Meng
- Institute of Microbiology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, 150010, Harbin, China; Institute of Advanced Technology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, 150020, Harbin, China
| | - Weiguang Li
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150090, Harbin, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Enviroment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150090, Harbin, China.
| | - Yi Zhao
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150090, Harbin, China
| | - Li Chen
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150090, Harbin, China
| | - Shumei Zhang
- Institute of Microbiology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, 150010, Harbin, China; Institute of Advanced Technology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, 150020, Harbin, China
| | - Xiancheng Zhang
- Institute of Microbiology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, 150010, Harbin, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Li X, Shi X, Feng Q, Lu M, Lian S, Zhang M, Peng H, Guo R. Gases emission during the continuous thermophilic composting of dairy manure amended with activated oil shale semicoke. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 290:112519. [PMID: 33862318 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
NH3 and greenhouse gases emission are big problems during composting, which can cause great nitrogen nutrient loss and environmental pollution. This study investigated effects of the porous bulking agent of oil shale semicoke and its activated material on the gases emission during the continuous thermophilic composting. Results showed addition of semicoke could significantly reduce the NH3 emission by 74.65% due to its great adsorption capacity to NH4+-N and NH3, further the effect could be enhanced to 85.92% when utilizing the activated semicoke with larger pore volume and specific surface area. In addition, the CH4 emission in the semicoke and activated semicoke group was also greatly mitigated, with a reduction of 67.23% and 87.62% respectively, while the N2O emission was significantly increased by 93.14% and 100.82%. Quantification analysis of the functional genes found the abundance of mcrA was high at the massive CH4-producing stage and the archaeal amoA was dominant at the N2O-producing stage in all the composting groups. Correlation and redundancy analysis suggested there was a positive correlation between the CH4 emission and mcrA. Addition of semicoke especially activated semicoke could reduce the CH4 production by inhibiting the methanogens. For the NH3 and N2O, it was closely related with the nitrification process conducted by archaeal amoA. Addition of semicoke especially activated semicoke was beneficial for the growth of ammonia-oxidizing archaea, causing the less NH4+-N transformation to NH3 but more N2O emission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Li
- Shandong Industrial Engineering Laboratory of Biogas Production & Utilization, Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266101, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Xiaoshuang Shi
- Shandong Industrial Engineering Laboratory of Biogas Production & Utilization, Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266101, PR China.
| | - Quan Feng
- Shandong Industrial Engineering Laboratory of Biogas Production & Utilization, Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266101, PR China
| | - Mingyi Lu
- Shandong Industrial Engineering Laboratory of Biogas Production & Utilization, Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266101, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Shujuan Lian
- Shandong Industrial Engineering Laboratory of Biogas Production & Utilization, Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266101, PR China
| | - Mengdan Zhang
- Shandong Industrial Engineering Laboratory of Biogas Production & Utilization, Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266101, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Hui Peng
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China.
| | - Rongbo Guo
- Shandong Industrial Engineering Laboratory of Biogas Production & Utilization, Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266101, PR China; Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian, 116023, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Wu J, Shangguan H, Fu T, Chen J, Tang J, Zeng RJ, Ye W, Zhou S. Alternating magnetic field mitigates N 2O emission during the aerobic composting of chicken manure. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 406:124329. [PMID: 33158658 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nitrous oxide (N2O) emission is an environmental problem related to composting. Recently, the electric field-assisted aerobic composting process has been found to be effective for enhancing compost maturity and mitigating N2O emission. However, the insertion of electrodes into the compost pile causes electrode erosion and inconvenience in practical operation. In this study, a novel alternating magnetic field-assisted aerobic composting (AMFAC) process was tested by applying an alternating magnetic field (AMF) to a conventional aerobic composting (CAC) process. The total N2O emission of the AMFAC process was reduced by 39.8% as compared with that of the CAC process. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that the AMF weakened the expressions of the amoA, narG, and nirS functional genes (the maximum reductions were 96%, 83.7%, and 95.5%, respectively), whereas it enhanced the expression of the nosZ functional gene by a maximum factor of 36.5 as compared with that in CAC. A correlation analysis revealed that the nitrification and denitrification processes for N2O emission were suppressed in AMFAC, the main source of N2O emission of which was denitrification. The findings imply that AMFAC is an effective strategy for the reduction of N2O emission during aerobic composting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxiong Wu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Huayuan Shangguan
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Tao Fu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jinjie Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jiahuan Tang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Raymond Jianxiong Zeng
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Wenyuan Ye
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Shungui Zhou
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Improving sewage sludge compost process and quality by carbon sources addition. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1319. [PMID: 33446686 PMCID: PMC7809052 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79443-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
In present study, the effects of carbon sources on compost process and quality were evaluated in the lab-scale sewage sludge (SS) composting. The composting experiments were performed for 32 days in 5 L reactors. The results showed that carbon sources could change the nitrogen conversion and improve the compost quality. Especially, the readily degradable carbon source could promote organic matter degradation, improve nitrogen conversion process and accelerate compost maturation. The addition of glucose and sucrose could increase dissolved organic carbon, CO2 emission, dehydrogenase activity, nitrification and germination index during the SS composting. That's because glucose and sucrose could be quickly used by microbes as energy and carbon source substance to increase activity of microbes and ammonia assimilation. What's more, the NH3 emission was reduced by 26.9% and 32.1% in glucose and sucrose treatments, respectively. Therefore, the addition of readily degradable carbon source could reduce NH3 emission and improve compost maturity in the SS composting.
Collapse
|
31
|
Lv B, Cui Y, Wei H, Chen Q, Zhang D. Elucidating the role of earthworms in N 2O emission and production pathway during vermicomposting of sewage sludge and rice straw. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 400:123215. [PMID: 32593023 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Vermicomposting is a sustainable option for the recycling of biodegradable organic waste. However, it also produces nitrous oxide (N2O), which is a highly potent greenhouse gas. In this study, the N2O stable isotope and functional genes for nitrogen cycling were determined to investigate the sources of N2O during vermicomposting. The results showed that vermicomposting promoted the organic degradation and nitrogen nitrification, and the presence of earthworms increased the emission of N2O during vermicomposting compared to that during the control treatment with no earthworms. The site preference analysis of N2O stable isotope showed that both nitrification and denitrification were present during the early stages of vermicomposting, while nitrification was the dominant contributor to N2O production in the later stages. Moreover, earthworms increased the gene copies of amoA, and stimulated the nitrifying bacteria, and hence, increased the N2O emission via nitrification. In addition, the activity of earthworms reduced the gene number of nosZ during vermicomposting, while the denitrification was the main source of N2O in the earthworm gut, as the conditions inside the gut inhibited nosZ. Overall, nitrification was the major pathway (55.8-88.7 %) for N2O production, which was promoted by the introduction of earthworms through nitrification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baoyi Lv
- College of Ocean Science and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Yuxue Cui
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Huawei Wei
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Qihao Chen
- College of Ocean Science and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Di Zhang
- College of Ocean Science and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China; International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Zheng J, Liu J, Han S, Wang Y, Wei Y. N 2O emission factors of full-scale animal manure windrow composting in cold and warm seasons. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 316:123905. [PMID: 32777720 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Emission of nitrous oxide (N2O) during animal manure composting is of great concern, and its emission factor (EF) is important for greenhouse gas emission inventory, while the EF is still uncertain due to limited on-site full-scale observations worldwide. In this study, N2O emissions were monitored during different seasons in a full-scale swine manure windrow composting with pile volume of about 76.5 m3. The results showed that the maximum N2O flux during the cold season (CS) was 23 times higher than during the warm season (WS), significant differences in the contribution to direct N2O emissions were observed in three composting stages, and shaded-side N2O emission was higher than sunny-side emission. The direct N2O emission factors of animal manure composting were 0.0046, 0.0002 kg N2O-N/kgTN (dry weight) in the CS and WS, respectively. Scenario analysis results showed that windrow composting is a suitable manure management that emits less N2O than solid storage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxi Zheng
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Laboratory of Water Pollution Control Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Jibao Liu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Laboratory of Water Pollution Control Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Shenghui Han
- Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yawei Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Laboratory of Water Pollution Control Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yuansong Wei
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Laboratory of Water Pollution Control Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Institute of Energy, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330096, China.
| |
Collapse
|