1
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Wang L, Hao X, Jiang T, Li X, Yang J, Wang B. Feasibility of in-situ sludge fermentation coupled with partial denitrification: Key roles of initial organic matters and alkaline pH. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 401:130730. [PMID: 38657825 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Achieving partial denitrification (PD) by using fermentation products extracted from waste activated sludge (WAS) rather than commercial organic matters is a promising approach for providing nitrite for anammox, while sludge reduction could also be realized by WAS reutilization. This study proposed an In-situ Sludge Fermentation coupled with Partial Denitrification (ISFPD) system and explored its performance under different conditions, including initial pH, nitrate concentrations, and organic matters. Results showed that nitrite production increased with the elevation of initial pH (from 6 to 9), and the highest nitrate-to-nitrite transformation ratio (NTR) reached 77% at initial pH 9. The PD rates and NTR were observed to be minimally influenced by initial nitrate concentrations. Acetate was preferred by denitrifying bacteria, while macromolecules such as proteins necessitated be hydrolyzed to be suitable for further utilization. The insights gained through this study paved the way for efficient nitrite production and sustainable WAS reutilization in harmony.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Xiang Hao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Tan Jiang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Xiaodi Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Jiayi Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Bo Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China.
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2
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Jin B, Jia Y, Cheng K, Chu C, Wang J, Liu Y, Du J, Wang L, Pang L, Ji J, Cao X. Facilitating effects of the synergy with zero-valent iron and peroxysulfate on the sludge anaerobic fermentation system: Combined biological enzyme, microbial community and fermentation mechanism assessment. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 355:141805. [PMID: 38552797 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
This study evaluated a synergetic waste activated sludge treatment strategy with environmentally friendly zero-valent iron nanoparticles (Fe0) and peroxysulfate. To verify the feasibility of the synergistic treatment, Fe0, peroxysulfate, and the mixture of peroxysulfate and Fe0 (synergy treatment) were added to different sludge fermentation systems. The study demonstrated that the synergy treatment fermentation system displayed remarkable hydrolysis performance with 435.50 mg COD/L of protein and 197.67 mg COD/L of polysaccharide, which increased 1.13-2.85 times (protein) and 1.12-1.49 times (polysaccharide) for other three fermentation system. Additionally, the synergy treatment fermentation system (754.52 mg COD/L) exhibited a well acidification performance which was 1.35-41.73 times for other systems (18.08-557.27 mg COD/L). The synergy treatment fermentation system had a facilitating effect on the activity of protease, dehydrogenase, and alkaline phosphatase, which guaranteed the transformation of organic matter. Results also indicated that Comamonas, Soehngenia, Pseudomonas, and Fusibacter were enriched in synergy treatment, which was beneficial to produce SCFAs. The activation of Fe0 on peroxysulfate promoting electron transfer, improving the active groups, and increasing the enrichment of functional microorganisms showed the advanced nature of synergy treatment. These results proved the feasibility of synergy treatment with Fe0 and peroxysulfate to enhance waste activated sludge anaerobic fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baodan Jin
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Yusheng Jia
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Ken Cheng
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Chenchen Chu
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jiacheng Wang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Ye Liu
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jingjing Du
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Lan Wang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Long Pang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jiantao Ji
- College of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xia Cao
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
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3
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Chen L, Zhang X, Zhu J, Fan H, Qin Z, Li J, Xie H, Zhu H. Peroxydisulfate activation and versatility of defective Fe 3O 4@MOF-808 for enhanced carbon and phosphorus recovery from sludge anaerobic fermentation. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 254:121401. [PMID: 38447378 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Although being viewed as a promising technology for reclamation of carbon and phosphorus from excess sludge, anaerobic fermentation (AF) grapples with issues such as a low yield of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and high phosphorus recovery costs. In this study, we synthesized Fe3O4@MOF-808 (FeM) with abundant defects and employed it to simultaneously enhance VFAs and phosphorus recovery during sludge anaerobic fermentation. Through pre-oxidization of sludge catalyzed by FeM-induced peroxydisulfate, the soluble organic matter increased by 2.54 times, thus providing ample substrate for VFAs production. Subsequent AF revealed a remarkable 732.73 % increase in VFAs and a 1592.95 % increase in phosphate. Factors contributing to the high VFAs yield include the non-biological catalysis of unsaturated Zr active sites in defective FeM, enhancing protein hydrolysis, and the inhibition of methanogenesis due to electron competition arising from the transformation between Fe(III) and Fe(II) under Zr influence. Remarkably, FeM exhibited an adsorption capacity of up to 92.64 % for dissolved phosphate through ligand exchange and electrostatic attractions. Furthermore, FeM demonstrated magnetic separation capability from the fermentation broth, coupled with excellent stability and reusability in both catalysis and adsorption processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Chen
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Xiangyue Zhang
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Jianming Zhu
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Helin Fan
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Zimu Qin
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Jun Li
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Haijiao Xie
- Hangzhou Yanqu Information Technology Co., Ltd, Y2, 2nd Floor, Building 2, Xixi Legu Creative Pioneering Park, No. 712 Wen'er West Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310003, PR China
| | - Hongtao Zhu
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China.
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4
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Ma M, Duan W, Huang X, Zeng D, Hu L, Gui W, Zhu G, Jiang J. Application of calcium peroxide in promoting resource recovery from municipal sludge: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 354:141704. [PMID: 38490612 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
The harmless disposal, resource recovery, and synergistic efficiency reduction of municipal sludge have been the research focuses for the last few years. Calcium peroxide (CaO2) is a multifunctional and safe peroxide that produces an alkaline oxidation environment to promote the fermentation of municipal sludge to produce hydrogen (H2) and volatile fatty acids (VFAs), thus realizing sludge resource recovery. This review outlines the research achievements of CaO2 in sludge resource recovery, improvement of sludge dewaterability, and removal of pollutants from sludge in recent years. Meanwhile, the mechanism of CaO2 and its influencing factors have also been comprehensively summarized. Finally, the future development direction of the application of CaO2 in municipal sludge is prospected. This review would provide theoretical reference for the potential engineering applications of CaO2 in improving sludge treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengsha Ma
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Weiyan Duan
- Ocean College of Hebei Agricultural University, Qinhuangdao, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xiao Huang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Water Resources Utilization and Environmental Pollution Control, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Daojing Zeng
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Liangshan Hu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Wenjing Gui
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Gaoming Zhu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Jiahong Jiang
- New York University, New York, NY, 10012, United States
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5
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You F, Tang M, Zhang J, Wang D, Fu Q, Zheng J, Ye B, Zhou Y, Li X, Yang Q, Liu X, Duan A, Liu J. Benzethonium chloride affects short chain fatty acids produced from anaerobic fermentation of waste activated sludge: Performance, biodegradation and mechanisms. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 250:121024. [PMID: 38113597 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.121024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Benzethonium chloride (BZC) is viewed as a promising disinfectant and widely applied in daily life. While studies related to its effect on waste activated sludge (WAS) anaerobic fermentation (AF) were seldom mentioned before. To understand how BZC affects AF of WAS, production of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), characteristics of WAS as well as microbial community were evaluated during AF. Results manifested a dose-specific relationship of dosages between BZC and SCFAs and the optimum yield arrived at 2441.01 mg COD/L with the addition of 0.030 g/g TSS BZC. Spectral results and protein secondary structure variation indicated that BZC denatured proteins in the solid phase into smaller proteins or amino acids with unstable structures. It was also found that BZC could stimulate the extracellular polymeric substances secretion and reduce the surface tension of WAS, leading to the enhancement of solubilization. Beside, BZC promoted the hydrolysis stage (increased by 7.09 % to 0.030 g/g TSS BZC), but inhibited acetogenesis and methanogenesis stages (decreased by 6.85 % and 14.75 % to 0.030 g/g TSS BZC). The microbial community was also regulated by BZC to facilitate the enrichment of hydrolytic and acidizing microorganisms (i.e. Firmicutes). All these variations caused by BZC were conducive to the accumulation of SCFAs. The findings contributed to investigating the effect of BZC on AF of WAS and provided a new idea for the future study of AF mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyuan You
- Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Mengge Tang
- Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Jiamin Zhang
- Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Dongbo Wang
- Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Qizi Fu
- Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Jiangfu Zheng
- Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Boqun Ye
- Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Yintong Zhou
- Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Xiaoming Li
- Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China.
| | - Qi Yang
- Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Xuran Liu
- Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Abing Duan
- Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Junwu Liu
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Mining Site Pollution Remediation, Changsha 410082, PR China
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6
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Liu F, Cheng W, Xu J, Wang M, Wan T, Ren J, Li D, Xie Q. Promoting short-chain fatty acids production from sewage sludge via acidogenic fermentation: Optimized operation factors and iron-based persulfate activation system. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 342:140148. [PMID: 37714473 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Promoting short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production and ensuring the stability of SCFAs-producing process are becoming the two major issues for popularizing the acidogenic fermentation (AF). The key controlling operating and influencing factors during anaerobic fermentation process were thoroughly reviewed to facilitate better process performance prediction and to optimize the process control of SCFAs promotion. The wide utilization of iron salt flocculants during wastewater treatment could result in iron accumulating in sewage sludge which influenced AF performance. Additionally, appropriate ferric chloride (FC) could promote the SCFAs accumulation, while poly ferric sulfate (PFS) inhibited the bioprocess. Iron/persulfate (PS) system was proved to effectively enhance the SCFAs production while mechanism analysis revealed that the strong oxidizing radicals remarkably enhanced the solubilization and hydrolysis. Moreover, the changes of oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) and pH caused by iron/PS system exhibited more negative effects on the methanogens, comparing to the acidogenic bacteria. Furthermore, performance and mechanisms of different iron species-activating PS, organic chelating agents and iron-rich biochar derived from sewage sludge were also elucidated to extend and strengthen understanding of the iron/PS system for enhancing SCFAs production. Considering the large amount of generated Fe-sludge and the multiple benefits of iron activating PS system, carbon neutral wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) were proposed with Fe-sludge as a promising recycling composite to improve AF performance. It is expected that this review can deepen the knowledge of optimizing AF process and improving the iron/PS system for enhancing SCFAs production and provide useful insights to researchers in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faxin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, NO.5, South Jinhua Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710048, China
| | - Wen Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, NO.5, South Jinhua Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710048, China.
| | - Jianping Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, NO.5, South Jinhua Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710048, China
| | - Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, NO.5, South Jinhua Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710048, China
| | - Tian Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, NO.5, South Jinhua Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710048, China
| | - Jiehui Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, NO.5, South Jinhua Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710048, China
| | - Dong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, NO.5, South Jinhua Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710048, China
| | - Qiqi Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, NO.5, South Jinhua Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710048, China
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7
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Wu Z, Ji S, Li YY, Liu J. A review of iron use and recycling in municipal wastewater treatment plants and a novel applicable integrated process. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 379:129037. [PMID: 37037337 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Chemical methods are expected to play an increasingly important role in carbon-neutral municipal wastewater treatment plants. This paper briefly summarises the enhancement effects of using iron salts in wastewater and sludge treatment processes. The costs and environmental concerns associated with the widespread use of iron salts have also been highlighted. Fortunately, the iron recovery from iron-rich sludge provides an opportunity to solve these problems. Existing iron recovery methods, including direct acidification and thermal treatment, are summarised and show that acidification treatment of FeS digestate from the anaerobic digestion-sulfate reduction process can increase the iron and sulphur recycling efficiency. Therefore, a novel applicable integrated process based on iron use and recycling is proposed, and it reduces the iron salts dosage to 4.2 mg/L and sludge amount by 80%. Current experimental research and economic analysis of iron recycling show that this process has broad application prospects in resource recovery and sludge reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangsong Wu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 333 Nanchen Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Shenghao Ji
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 333 Nanchen Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yu-You Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Jianyong Liu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 333 Nanchen Road, Shanghai 200444, China.
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8
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Chai Y, Huang C, Sui M, Yin Y, Sun N, Chen Y, Liao Z, Sun X, Shen W, Tang S. Fe-loaded alginate hydrogel beads activating peroxymonosulfate for enhancing anaerobic fermentation of waste activated sludge: Performance and potential mechanism. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 341:118079. [PMID: 37150175 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The recovery of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) through anaerobic fermentation (AF) is usually restricted by the poor biodegradability of waste activated sludge (WAS). This study proposed a novel strategy, i.e. peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activated by Fe-loaded sodium alginate hydrogel beads (Fe-SA), to enhance AF performance. Experimental results demonstrated that the as-synthesized Fe-SA and PMS co-pretreatment synergistically enhanced WAS solubilization and VFAs production. The maximal VFAs yield of 2013 mg COD/L was achieved at the Fe-SA dosage of 4.0 mM/g TSS, which was 93.7% higher than that with sole PMS addition and 8.82 times higher than that of the control. Mechanistic studies elucidated that the generation of reactive radicals such as SO4•- and •OH from PMS was greatly induced by Fe-SA, which contributed to WAS disintegration and degradation of refractory compounds. Additionally, analysis of the key enzyme activities indicated that the Fe-SA could strengthen biological hydrolysis and acidogenesis of sludge during AF. Microbial analysis illustrated that Fe-SA evidently improved the abundances of fermentative microorganisms as well as functional gene expression via creating a favorable environment for microbial growth. This study demonstrated the applicable potential of Fe-SA hydrogel beads activating PMS for VFAs production and provides an important reference for developing advanced oxidation processes-based application in AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqian Chai
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212003, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212003, Jiangsu, China; Jiangxi Jindalai Environmental Protection Co., Ltd, Nanchang, 330100, Jiangxi, China; School of Environmental and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China.
| | - Mengya Sui
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212003, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuqi Yin
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212003, Jiangsu, China
| | - Nan Sun
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212003, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Jiangxi Jindalai Environmental Protection Co., Ltd, Nanchang, 330100, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhiming Liao
- School of Environmental and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Xiuyun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province for Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environment and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Wei Shen
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212003, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Sheng Tang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212003, Jiangsu, China.
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9
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Zhang X, Huang X, Li X, Zhang J, Tang M, Liu X, Wang D, Yang Q, Duan A, Liu J. Performance and mechanisms of citric acid improving biotransformation of waste activated sludge into short-chain fatty acids. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 373:128754. [PMID: 36801444 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.128754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Numerous effective chemical strategies have been explored for short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production from waste activated sludge (WAS), but many technologies have been questioned due to the chemical residues. This study proposed a citric acid (CA) treatment strategy for improving SCFAs production from WAS. The optimum SCFAs yield reached 384.4 mg COD/g VSS with 0.08 g CA/g TSS addition. Meanwhile, CA biodegradation occurred and its contribution to the yield of total SCFAs, especially acetic acid, cannot be ignored. Intensive exploration indicated the sludge decomposition, the biodegradability of fermentation substrates, as well as the abundance of fermenting microorganisms were definitely enhanced in the existence of CA. The optimization of SCFAs production techniques based on this study deserved further study. This study comprehensively revealed the performance and mechanisms of CA enhancing biotransformation of WAS into SCFAs and the findings promotes the research of carbon resource recovery from sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Xiaoding Huang
- College of Resources and Environment, Anqing Normal University, Anhui 246011, PR China; Key Laboratory of Aqueous Environment Protection and Pollution Control of Yangtze River of Anhui Provincial Education Department, Anqing, Anhui 246011, PR China
| | - Xiaoming Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China.
| | - Jiamin Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Mengge Tang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Xuran Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Dongbo Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Qi Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Abing Duan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Junwu Liu
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Mining Site Pollution Remediation, Changsha 410082, PR China
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10
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Zhang C, Lu Q, Li Y. A review on sulfur transformation during anaerobic digestion of organic solid waste: Mechanisms, influencing factors and resource recovery. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 865:161193. [PMID: 36581268 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion (AD) is an economical and environment-friendly technology for treating organic solid wastes (OSWs). OSWs with high sulfur can lead to the accumulation of toxic and harmful hydrogen sulfide (H2S) during AD, so a considerable amount of studies have focused on removing H2S emissions. However, current studies have found that sulfide induces phosphate release from the sludge containing iron‑phosphorus compounds (FePs) and the feasibility of recovering elemental sulfur (S0) during AD. To tap the full potential of sulfur in OSWs resource recovery, deciphering the sulfur transformation pathway and its influencing factors is required. Therefore, in this review, the sulfur species and distributions in OSWs and the pathway of sulfur transformation during AD were systematically summarized. Then, the relationship between iron (ferric compounds and zero-valent iron), phosphorus (FePs) and sulfur were analyzed. It was found that the reaction of iron with sulfide during AD drove the conversion of sulfide to S0 and iron sulfide compounds (FeSx), and consequently iron was applied in sulfide abatement. In particular, ferric (hydr)oxide granules offer possibilities to improve the economic viability of hydrogen sulfide control by recovering S0. Sulfide is an interesting strategy to release phosphate from the sludge containing FePs for phosphorus recovery. Critical factors affecting sulfur transformation, including the carbon source, free ammonia and pretreatment methods, were summarized and discussed. Carbon source and free ammonia affected sulfur-related microbial diversity and enzyme activity and different sulfur transformation pathways in response to varying pretreatment methods. The study on S0 recovery, organic sulfur conversion, and phosphate release mechanism triggered by sulfur deserves further investigation. This review is expected to enrich our knowledge of the role of sulfur during AD and inspire new ideas for recovering phosphorus and sulfur resources from OSWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Qinyuan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Yongmei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
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11
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Guo L, Zhao L, Tang Y, Zhou J, Shi B. Chrome shaving-derived biochar as efficient persulfate activator: Ti-induced charge distribution modulation for 1O 2 dominated nonradical process. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 862:160838. [PMID: 36521598 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Efficient degradation of organic contaminants by oxidative radicals remains a challenge due to invalid consumption of radicals and easy generation of secondary halogenated pollutants. In this work, an efficient and recyclable bimetallic biochar (Cr-Ti/BC) was developed through peroxydisulfate (PDS) activation via nonradical pathway for sulfamethoxazole (SMX) degradation. The Cr-Ti/BC exhibited excellent catalytic activity for 99.9 % of SMX removal with a high kobs of 0.13 min-1, and negligible inhibitory effects were observed under various pH condition. The activation mechanisms were (i) metastable reactive intermediates (Cr-Ti/BC-PDS) formation via an interaction between Cr-Ti/BC and PDS on the active defective sites (e.g., OH/COC, COOH, CO, nitric oxides, graphitic N, and pyridinic N), and (ii) 1O2 generation through electron transfer between Cr-Ti/BC-PDS intermediates and dissolved oxygen. The high reusability and strong stability of Cr-Ti/BC also verified the outstanding advantage of the Cr-Ti/BC during practical application. This study not only is the first study the catalytic performance of Cr and Ti co-doped biochar for PDS activation, but also successfully provides a promising strategy to induce a nonradical pathway for PDS activation, which is of great significance for the subsequent method design, and thus paving the path for exploiting advanced oxidation systems in practical application for organic contaminant removal toward polluted site remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Guo
- National Engineering Laboratory for Clean Technology of Leather Manufacture, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Liming Zhao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Clean Technology of Leather Manufacture, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Yuling Tang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Clean Technology of Leather Manufacture, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China.
| | - Jianfei Zhou
- National Engineering Laboratory for Clean Technology of Leather Manufacture, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Bi Shi
- National Engineering Laboratory for Clean Technology of Leather Manufacture, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China; Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
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12
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Li X, Wang B, Ma Y, Jiang T, Peng Y. Enhanced mesophilic fermentation of waste activated sludge by integration with in-situ nitrate reduction. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 368:128317. [PMID: 36375702 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the reduction of nitrate in a mesophilic waste activated sludge (WAS) fermentation system and determined the effect of nitrate reduction on the hydrolysis, acidogenesis and acetogenesis. Experimental results showed that the initial nitrate concentrations of 100, 200 and 400 mg/L were completely reduced in 1, 2 and 7 days, respectively. The destruction of volatile suspended solids was 1.2, 1.8 and 2.8 times, respectively, that without nitrate, demonstrating nitrate promoted the release of organic matter in sludge and enhanced the biodegradability of sludge organics. Moreover, batch tests using model substrates illustrated nitrate reduction promoted sludge hydrolysis and acetogenesis, but slightly inhibited acidogenesis. This study offers a feasible method to address two major problems currently faced by biological wastewater treatment plants, i.e. the overabundance of WAS and the lack of carbon sources for the denitrification process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodi Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Bo Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China.
| | - Yuqing Ma
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Tan Jiang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
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13
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Wang Y, Hou J, Guo H, Zhu T, Zhang Y, Liu Y. New insight into mechanisms of ferroferric oxide enhancing medium-chain fatty acids production from waste activated sludge through anaerobic fermentation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 360:127629. [PMID: 35850392 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Medium chain fatty acids (MCFAs) production from waste activated sludge (WAS) is restricted by poor biodegradability of WAS and low electron transfer efficiency. Herein, a novel ferroferric oxide (Fe3O4) technique was proposed. Results indicated that the MCFAs yield and selectivity were respectively enhanced by 155.4% and 66.7% in the Fe3O4-mediated WAS. Mechanistic studies disclosed that Fe3O4 promoted substrates degradation through conducting dissimilatory iron reduction (DIR) and stimulating hydrolase activity, providing precursors for chain elongation (CE). Generally, Fe3O4 improved the key processes for MCFA production at different degrees, i.e., hydrolysis, acidification and CE. Interestingly, MCFAs yield enhancement was primarily ascribed to facilitated electron transfer rather than DIR or produced ferrous iron, which could be supported by the analyses of electrochemical properties, electron transfer system activity and morphology. Further, Fe3O4 shifted the key microorganisms in favor of MCFAs production. Overall, this strategy could improve MCFAs production, sludge dewatering and phosphorus removal, concurrently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufen Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jiaqi Hou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Haixiao Guo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Tingting Zhu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yaobin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yiwen Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
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