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Li T, Yang ZC, Wang ZQ, Peng ZZ, Mao GJ, Jiang YQ, Li CY. A Tumor-Targeting Dual-Modal imaging probe for nitroreductase in vivo. Bioorg Chem 2024; 149:107531. [PMID: 38850779 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Nitroreductase (NTR) overexpression often occurs in tumors, highlighting the significance of effective NTR detection. Despite the utilization of various optical methods for this purpose, the absence of an efficient tumor-targeting optical probe for NTR detection remains a challenge. In this research, a novel tumor-targeting probe (Cy-Bio-NO2) is developed to perform dual-modal NTR detection using near-infrared fluorescence and photoacoustic techniques. This probe exhibits exceptional sensitivity and selectivity to NTR. Upon the reaction with NTR, Cy-Bio-NO2 demonstrates a distinct fluorescence "off-on" response at 800 nm, with an impressive detection limit of 12 ng/mL. Furthermore, the probe shows on-off photoacoustic signal with NTR. Cy-Bio-NO2 has been successfully employed for dual-modal NTR detection in living cells, specifically targeting biotin receptor-positive cancer cells for imaging purposes. Notably, this probe effectively detects tumor hypoxia through dual-modal imaging in tumor-bearing mice. The strategy of biotin incorporation markedly enhances the probe's tumor-targeting capability, facilitating its engagement in dual-modal imaging at tumor sites. This imaging capacity holds substantial promise as an accurate tool for cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Li
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial University Key Laboratory for Environmental and Ecological Health, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China
| | - Zhi-Chao Yang
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial University Key Laboratory for Environmental and Ecological Health, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China
| | - Zhi-Qing Wang
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial University Key Laboratory for Environmental and Ecological Health, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China
| | - Zhen-Zhen Peng
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial University Key Laboratory for Environmental and Ecological Health, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China
| | - Guo-Jiang Mao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecule and Drug Innovation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, PR China
| | - Yu-Qin Jiang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecule and Drug Innovation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, PR China.
| | - Chun-Yan Li
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial University Key Laboratory for Environmental and Ecological Health, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China.
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2
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Zhou Y, Yang X, Zhang J, Xu S, Yan M. A near-infrared fluorescence probe with large Stokes shift for selectively monitoring nitroreductase in living cells and mouse tumor models. Talanta 2024; 274:125976. [PMID: 38579417 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Hypoxia is commonly regarded as a typical feature of solid tumors, which originates from the insufficient supply of oxygen. Herein, the development of an efficient method for assessing hypoxia levels in tumors is strongly desirable. Nitroreductase (NTR) is an overexpressed reductase in the solid tumors, has been served as a potential biomarker to evaluate the degrees of hypoxia. In this work, we elaborately synthesized a new near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence probe (MR) to monitor NTR activity for assessment of hypoxia levels in living cells and in tumors. Upon exposure of NTR, the nitro-unit of MR could be selectively reduced to amino-moiety with the help of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. Moreover, the obtained fluorophore emitted a prominent NIR fluorescence, because it possessed a classical "push-pull" structure. The MR displayed several distinguished characters toward NTR, including intense NIR fluorescent signals, large Stokes shift, high selectivity and low limit of detection (46 ng/mL). Furthermore, cellular confocal fluorescence imaging results validated that the MR had potential of detecting NTR levels in hypoxic cells. Significantly, using the MR, the elevated of NTR levels were successfully visualized in the tumor-bearing mouse models. Therefore, this detecting platform based on this probe may be tactfully constructed for monitoring the variations of NTR and estimating the degrees of hypoxia in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqing Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofeng Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, People's Republic of China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fluorine Chemistry and Chemical Materials, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, People's Republic of China.
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3
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Liu L, Zhang Y, Li X, Deng J. Microenvironment of pancreatic inflammation: calling for nanotechnology for diagnosis and treatment. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:443. [PMID: 37996911 PMCID: PMC10666376 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02200-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common and life-threatening digestive disorder. However, its diagnosis and treatment are still impeded by our limited understanding of its etiology, pathogenesis, and clinical manifestations, as well as by the available detection methods. Fortunately, the progress of microenvironment-targeted nanoplatforms has shown their remarkable potential to change the status quo. The pancreatic inflammatory microenvironment is typically characterized by low pH, abundant reactive oxygen species (ROS) and enzymes, overproduction of inflammatory cells, and hypoxia, which exacerbate the pathological development of AP but also provide potential targeting sites for nanoagents to achieve early diagnosis and treatment. This review elaborates the various potential targets of the inflammatory microenvironment of AP and summarizes in detail the prospects for the development and application of functional nanomaterials for specific targets. Additionally, it presents the challenges and future trends to develop multifunctional targeted nanomaterials for the early diagnosis and effective treatment of AP, providing a valuable reference for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Liu
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, 1 South Maoyuan Street, Nanchong, 637001, China
| | - Yiqing Zhang
- Institute of Burn Research Southwest Hospital State Key Lab of Trauma Burn and Combined Injury Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Division and the 4th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospita, PLA Medical College, 28 Fu Xing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Xinghui Li
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, 1 South Maoyuan Street, Nanchong, 637001, China.
| | - Jun Deng
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, 1 South Maoyuan Street, Nanchong, 637001, China.
- Institute of Burn Research Southwest Hospital State Key Lab of Trauma Burn and Combined Injury Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
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4
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Karan S, Cho MY, Lee H, Kim HM, Park HS, Han EH, Sessler JL, Hong KS. Hypoxia-Directed and Self-Immolative Theranostic Agent: Imaging and Treatment of Cancer and Bacterial Infections. J Med Chem 2023; 66:14175-14187. [PMID: 37823731 PMCID: PMC10614179 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
The impact of bacteria on cancer progression and treatment is becoming increasingly recognized. Cancer-associated bacteria are linked to metastases, reduced efficacy, and survival challenges. In this study, we present a sensitive hypoxia-activated prodrug, NR-NO2, which comprises an antibiotic combined with a chemotherapeutic. This prodrug demonstrates rapid and robust fluorescence enhancement and exhibits potent antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as tumor cells. Upon activation, NR-NO2 produces a distinct "fluorescence-on" signal, enabling real-time drug release monitoring. By leveraging elevated nitroreductase in cancer cells, NR-NO2 gives rise to heightened bacterial cytotoxicity while sparing normal cells. In A549 solid tumor-bearing mice, NR-NO2 selectively accumulated at tumor sites, displaying fluorescence signals under hypoxia superior to those of a corresponding prodrug-like control. These findings highlight the potential of NR-NO2 as a promising cancer therapy prodrug that benefits from targeted release, antibacterial impact, and imaging-based guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanu Karan
- Research
Center for Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea
Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Republic
of Korea
| | - Mi Young Cho
- Research
Center for Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea
Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Republic
of Korea
| | - Hyunseung Lee
- Research
Center for Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea
Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Republic
of Korea
| | - Hyun Min Kim
- Research
Center for Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea
Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Republic
of Korea
| | - Hye Sun Park
- Research
Center for Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea
Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Republic
of Korea
| | - Eun Hee Han
- Research
Center for Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea
Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Republic
of Korea
| | - Jonathan L. Sessler
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Texas at
Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1224, United States
| | - Kwan Soo Hong
- Research
Center for Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea
Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Republic
of Korea
- Graduate
School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
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5
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Yan J, Wang K, Gui L, Liu X, Ji Y, Lin J, Luo M, Xu H, Lv J, Tan F, Lin L, Yuan Z. Diagnosing Orthotopic Lung Tumor Using a NTR-Activatable Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probe by Tracheal Inhalation. Anal Chem 2023; 95:14402-14412. [PMID: 37698361 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c02760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Nitroreductase (NTR) is an enzyme that is upregulated under tumor-depleted oxygen conditions. The majority of studies have been conducted on NTR, but many existing fluorescent imaging tools for monitoring NTR inevitably suffer from weak targeting, low sensitivity, and simple tumor models. Research on diagnosing lung tumors has been very popular in recent years, but targeting assays in orthotopic lung tumors is still of great research value, as such models better mimic the reality of cancer in the organism. Here, we developed a novel near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probe IR-ABS that jointly targets NTR and carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX). IR-ABS has excellent sensitivity and selectivity and shows exceptional NTR response in spectroscopic tests. The measurements ensured that this probe has good biosafety in both cells and mice. A better NTR response was found in hypoxic tumor cells at the cellular level, distinguishing tumor cells from normal cells. In vivo experiments demonstrated that IR-ABS achieves a hypoxic response at the zebrafish level and enables rapid and accurate tumor margin distinguishment in different mouse tumor models. More importantly, we successfully applied IR-ABS for NTR detection in orthotopic lung tumor models, further combined with tracheal inhalation drug delivery to improve targeting. To the best of our knowledge, we present for the first time a near-infrared imaging method for targeting lung cancerous tumor in situ via tracheal inhalation drug delivery, in contrast to the reported literature. This NIR fluorescence diagnostic strategy for targeting orthotopic lung cancer holds exciting potential for clinical aid in cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Jiangning District, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Kaizhen Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Jiangning District, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lijuan Gui
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Jiangning District, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xian Liu
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, 11 Yuk Choi Road, Hung Hom, Kowloon, 999077 Hong Kong, China
| | - Yingying Ji
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Jiangning District, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jingjing Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Jiangning District, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Man Luo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Jiangning District, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hong Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Jiangning District, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jingxuan Lv
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Jiangning District, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Fang Tan
- Third Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295 Xichang Road, Wuhua District, 650000 Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Liangting Lin
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, 11 Yuk Choi Road, Hung Hom, Kowloon, 999077 Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhenwei Yuan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Jiangning District, Nanjing 210009, China
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6
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Sang M, Huang Y, Wang L, Chen L, Nawsherwan, Li G, Wang Y, Yu X, Dai C, Zheng J. An "AND" Molecular Logic Gate as a Super-Enhancers for De Novo Designing Activatable Probe and Its Application in Atherosclerosis Imaging. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2207066. [PMID: 36808894 PMCID: PMC10131802 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202207066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Developing activatable fluorescent probes with superlative fluorescence enhancement factor (F/F0 ) to improve the signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio is still an urgent issue. "AND" molecular logic gates are emerging as a useful tool for enhanced probes selectivity and accuracy. Here, an "AND" logic gate is developed as super-enhancers for designing activatable probes with huge F/F0 and S/N ratio. It utilizes lipid-droplets (LDs) as controllable background input and sets the target analyte as variable input. The fluorescence is tremendously quenching due to double locking, thus an extreme F/F0 ratio of target analyte is obtained. Importantly, this probe can transfer to LDs after a response occurs. The target analyte can be directly visualized through the spatial location without a control group. Accordingly, a peroxynitrite (ONOO- ) activatable probe (CNP2-B) is de novo designed. The F/F0 of CNP2-B achieves 2600 after reacting with ONOO- . Furthermore, CNP2-B can transfer from mitochondria to lipid droplets after being activated. The higher selectivity and S/N ratio of CNP2-B are obtained than commercial probe 3'-(p-hydroxyphenyl) fluorescein (HPFin vitro and in vivo. Therefore, the atherosclerotic plaques at mouse models are delineated clearly after administration with in situ CNP2-B probe gel. Such input controllable "AND" logic gate is envisioned to execute more imaging tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mangmang Sang
- Institute of Cardiovascular DiseasesXiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen UniversitySchool of MedicineXiamen UniversityNo. 2999 Jinshan Road, Huli DistrictXiamen361006China
| | - Yibo Huang
- Institute of Cardiovascular DiseasesXiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen UniversitySchool of MedicineXiamen UniversityNo. 2999 Jinshan Road, Huli DistrictXiamen361006China
| | - Lu Wang
- Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNo. 157, Daming Road, Qinhuai DistrictNanjing210000China
| | - Lei Chen
- School of PharmacyGannan Medical UniversityNo. 1 Medical College Road, Zhanggong DistrictGanzhou341000China
| | - Nawsherwan
- Institute of Cardiovascular DiseasesXiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen UniversitySchool of MedicineXiamen UniversityNo. 2999 Jinshan Road, Huli DistrictXiamen361006China
| | - Gang Li
- Institute of Cardiovascular DiseasesXiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen UniversitySchool of MedicineXiamen UniversityNo. 2999 Jinshan Road, Huli DistrictXiamen361006China
| | - Yan Wang
- Institute of Cardiovascular DiseasesXiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen UniversitySchool of MedicineXiamen UniversityNo. 2999 Jinshan Road, Huli DistrictXiamen361006China
| | - Xiu Yu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory DiseasesShenzhen People's HospitalSouthern University of Science and Technology3046 Shennan East Road, Luohu DistrictShenzhen518055China
| | - Cuilian Dai
- Institute of Cardiovascular DiseasesXiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen UniversitySchool of MedicineXiamen UniversityNo. 2999 Jinshan Road, Huli DistrictXiamen361006China
| | - Jinrong Zheng
- Institute of Cardiovascular DiseasesXiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen UniversitySchool of MedicineXiamen UniversityNo. 2999 Jinshan Road, Huli DistrictXiamen361006China
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7
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Lan T, Ji N, Tian QQ, Zhan Y, He W. An edoplasmic reticulum-targeted NIR fluorescent probe with a large Stokes shift for hypoxia imaging. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 288:122201. [PMID: 36463622 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.122201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia is closely linked to various diseases, including solid tumors. The level of nitroreductase (NTR) is usually abnormally upregulated in hypoxic conditions, which can be a biomarker of hypoxia. Herein, the first endoplasmic reticulum-targeting NIR fluorescent probe, ISO-NTR, was developed for highly selective and sensitive detection of NTR. It shows a large Stokes shift (185 nm) and a 5-fold increases in fluorescence intensity. Meanwhile, the ISO-NTR probe with a dicyanoisophorone derivative has excellent endoplasmic reticulum targeting in living systems with high Pearson's correlation coefficients (Rr = 0.9489). Molecular docking calculations and high binding energy between the probe and NTR (-10.78 kcal·mol-1) may explain the high selectivity of ISO-NTR. Additionally, it has been successfully applied to NTR imaging in vitro and vivo due to its good sensitivity, high selectivity and large Stokes shift, which may provide an effective method for studying the physiological and pathological functions of NTR in living systems. This probe could be developed as a potential imaging tool to further explore the pathogenesis of hypoxia-related diseases in endoplasmic reticulum stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Lan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, PR China
| | - Nan Ji
- Department of Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, PR China
| | - Qin-Qin Tian
- Department of Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, PR China
| | - Yu Zhan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, PR China
| | - Wei He
- Department of Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, PR China.
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8
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Zhang L, Zhang L, Zhang X, Liu P, Wang Y, Han X, Chen L. Fluorescent imaging to provide visualized evidences for mercury induced hypoxia stress. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 444:130374. [PMID: 36399820 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
As one typical toxic and dangerous heavy metal, mercury brings incalculable hazards to the environment and human, the mechanism at the molecular level is unclear. There is no visualized evidence to support directly that mercury ions (Hg2+) exposure may induce secondary stress, which is associated with the risk of hypoxia microenvironment in biological systems. Hypoxia occurs in many physiological and pathophysiological processes in the living system, accompanying overexpression of various biomarkers, such as nitroreductase (NTR). Hence, we had successfully developed two NTR-selective fluorescent probes with excellent performance for evaluating the hypoxia degree in vivo and in vitro. We visualized and qualitatively monitored the fluctuations of the endogenous NTR levels in living cells and zebrafish. The imaging results exhibited that different doses of Hg2+ exposure elevated the NTR levels and the same trend in changes of NTR as extrinsic hypoxia exposure, suggesting that Hg2+ exposure induced microenvironmental changes resulting in the hypoxia stress. This is the first time to provide visual evidence to support that Hg2+ stress may involve in the intracellular hypoxia microenvironment through monitoring the dynamic of NTR levels in the living systems. Our results may provide a novel insight into the molecular mechanisms of typical heavy metal element induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Liangwei Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Xia Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Ping Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yue Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaoyue Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lingxin Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China.
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9
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Ma X, Huang Y, Chen W, Liu J, Liu SH, Yin J, Yang GF. J-Aggregates Formed by NaCl Treatment of Aza-Coating Heptamethine Cyanines and Their Application to Monitoring Salt Stress of Plants and Promoting Photothermal Therapy of Tumors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202216109. [PMID: 36409066 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202216109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The cationic nature of heptamethine cyanines gives them the capacity to form aggregates with salts by electrostatic interactions. In this work, NaCl promoted J-aggregate formation of aza-coating heptamethine cyanines is explored. NaCl can induce the N-benzyloxycarbonyl Cy-CO2 Bz to assemble into a J-aggregate having an absorption at 890 nm. Its excellent fluorescence response to NaCl implies that it has great potential for use as a probe for tracing salt stress in plants. Moreover, NaCl also promotes formation of J-aggregates from the N-ethyloxycarbonyl Cy-CO2 Et. The aggregate shows an intense absorption at 910 nm compared to the monomer which absorbs at 766 nm. Its J-aggregated form can serve as a photothermal agent. And the photothermal conversion efficiency is increased from 29.37 % to 57.59 %. This effort leads to the development of two applications of new cyanine J-aggregates including one for tracing salt stress of plants and the other for promoting photothermal therapy of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxie Ma
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, P. R. China
| | - Yurou Huang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, P. R. China
| | - Weijie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, P. R. China
| | - Jia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, P. R. China
| | - Sheng Hua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, P. R. China
| | - Jun Yin
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, P. R. China
| | - Guang-Fu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, P. R. China
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10
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Li Y, Chen Q, Pan X, Lu W, Zhang J. New insight into the application of fluorescence platforms in tumor diagnosis: From chemical basis to clinical application. Med Res Rev 2022; 43:570-613. [PMID: 36420715 DOI: 10.1002/med.21932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Early and rapid diagnosis of tumors is essential for clinical treatment or management. In contrast to conventional means, bioimaging has the potential to accurately locate and diagnose tumors at an early stage. Fluorescent probe has been developed as an ideal tool to visualize tumor sites and to detect biological molecules which provides a requirement for noninvasive, real-time, precise, and specific visualization of structures and complex biochemical processes in vivo. Rencently, the development of synthetic organic chemistry and new materials have facilitated the development of near-infrared small molecular sensing platforms and nanoimaging platforms. This provides a competitive tool for various fields of bioimaging such as biological structure and function imaging, disease diagnosis, in situ at the in vivo level, and real-time dynamic imaging. This review systematically focused on the recent progress of small molecular near-infrared fluorescent probes and nano-fluorescent probes as new biomedical imaging tools in the past 3-5 years, and it covers the application of tumor biomarker sensing, tumor microenvironment imaging, and tumor vascular imaging, intraoperative guidance and as an integrated platform for diagnosis, aiming to provide guidance for researchers to design and develop future biomedical diagnostic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanchen Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
| | - Qinhua Chen
- Department of Pharmacy Shenzhen Baoan Authentic TCM Therapy Hospital Shenzhen China
| | - Xiaoyan Pan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
| | - Wen Lu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
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11
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Hu W, Qiang T, Li C, Ren L, Cheng F, Wang B, Li M, Song X, James TD. Imaging of hypochlorous acid in mitochondria using an asymmetric near-infrared fluorescent probe with large Stokes shift. Chem Sci 2022; 13:11140-11149. [PMID: 36320485 PMCID: PMC9516895 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc03833a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Small-molecule near-infrared (NIR) imaging facilitates deep tissue penetration, low autofluorescence, non-invasive visualization, and a relatively simple operation. As such it has emerged as a popular technique for tracking biological species and events. However, the small Stokes shift of most NIR dyes often results in a low signal-to-noise ratio and self-quenching due to crosstalk between the excitation and emission spectra. With this research, we developed a NIR-based fluorescent probe WD-HOCl for hypochlorous acid (HOCl) detection using the NIR dye TJ730 as the fluorophore, which exhibits a large Stokes shift of 156 nm, with no crosstalk between the excitation and emission spectra. It contains acyl hydrazide as the responsive group and a pyridinium cation as the mitochondria-targeting group. The fluorescence intensity of WD-HOCl was enhanced by 30.1-fold after reacting with HOCl. Imaging studies performed using BV-2 cells indicated that WD-HOCl could be used for endogenous HOCl detection and imaging in living cells exposed to glucose and oxygen deprivation/reperfusion. Finally, we demonstrated that inhibiting the expression of NOX2 reduced the HOCl levels and the severity of oxidative stress during stroke in a mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Hu
- College of Bioresources and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Industrial Auxiliary Chemistry & Technology, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology Xi'an 710021 China
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath Bath BA27AY UK
| | - Taotao Qiang
- College of Bioresources and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Industrial Auxiliary Chemistry & Technology, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology Xi'an 710021 China
| | - Chenchen Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, Hubei University for Nationalities Enshi 445000 China
| | - Longfang Ren
- College of Bioresources and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Industrial Auxiliary Chemistry & Technology, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology Xi'an 710021 China
| | - Fei Cheng
- College of Bioresources and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Industrial Auxiliary Chemistry & Technology, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology Xi'an 710021 China
| | - Baoshuai Wang
- College of Bioresources and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Industrial Auxiliary Chemistry & Technology, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology Xi'an 710021 China
| | - Mingli Li
- College of Bioresources and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Industrial Auxiliary Chemistry & Technology, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology Xi'an 710021 China
| | - Xinjian Song
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, Hubei University for Nationalities Enshi 445000 China
| | - Tony D James
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath Bath BA27AY UK
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University Xinxiang 453007 China
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12
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Yang DC, Wen LF, Du L, Luo CM, Lu ZY, Liu JY, Lin Z. A Hypoxia-Activated Prodrug Conjugated with a BODIPY-Based Photothermal Agent for Imaging-Guided Chemo-Photothermal Combination Therapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:40546-40558. [PMID: 36059107 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c09071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia-activated prodrugs (HAPs) have drawn increasing attention for improving the antitumor effects while minimizing side effects. However, the heterogeneous distribution of the hypoxic region in tumors severely impedes the curative effect of HAPs. Additionally, most HAPs are not amenable to optical imaging, and it is difficult to precisely trace them in tissues. Herein, we carefully designed and synthesized a multifunctional therapeutic BAC prodrug by connecting the chemotherapeutic drug camptothecin (CPT) and the fluorescent photothermal agent boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) via hypoxia-responsive azobenzene linkers. To enhance the solubility and tumor accumulation, the prepared BAC was further encapsulated into a human serum albumin (HSA)-based drug delivery system to form HSA@BAC nanoparticles. Since the CPT was caged by a BODIPY-based molecule at the active site, the BAC exhibited excellent biosafety. Importantly, the activated CPT could be quickly released from BAC and could perform chemotherapy in hypoxic cancer cells, which was ascribed to the cleavage of the azobenzene linker by overexpressed azoreductase. After irradiation with a 730 nm laser, HSA@BAC can efficiently generate hyperthermia to achieve irreversible cancer cell death by oxygen-independent photothermal therapy. Under fluorescence imaging-guided local irradiation, both in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that HSA@BAC exhibited superior antitumor effects with minimal side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Chao Yang
- National & Local Joint Biomedical Engineering Research Center on Photodynamic Technologies, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Lin-Feng Wen
- National & Local Joint Biomedical Engineering Research Center on Photodynamic Technologies, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Liyang Du
- National & Local Joint Biomedical Engineering Research Center on Photodynamic Technologies, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Cheng-Miao Luo
- National & Local Joint Biomedical Engineering Research Center on Photodynamic Technologies, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Zi-Yao Lu
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Jian-Yong Liu
- National & Local Joint Biomedical Engineering Research Center on Photodynamic Technologies, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, Fujian Province University, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Zhonghui Lin
- National & Local Joint Biomedical Engineering Research Center on Photodynamic Technologies, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
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13
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Yao L, Yin C, Huo F. Small-Molecule Fluorescent Probes for Detecting Several Abnormally Expressed Substances in Tumors. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:1328. [PMID: 36014250 PMCID: PMC9412406 DOI: 10.3390/mi13081328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Malignant tumors have always been the biggest problem facing human survival, and a huge number of people die from cancer every year. Therefore, the identification and detection of malignant tumors have far-reaching significance for human survival and development. Some substances are abnormally expressed in tumors, such as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), nitroreductase (NTR), pH, biothiols (GSH, Cys, Hcy), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), hydrogen sulfide (H2O2), hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and NADH. Consequently, it is of great value to diagnose and treat malignant tumors due to the identification and detection of these substances. Compared with traditional tumor detection methods, fluorescence imaging technology has the advantages of an inexpensive cost, fast detection and high sensitivity. Herein, we mainly introduce the research progress of fluorescent probes for identifying and detecting abnormally expressed substances in several tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Yao
- Research Institute of Applied Chemistry, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Caixia Yin
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Fangjun Huo
- Research Institute of Applied Chemistry, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
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14
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Morsby JJ, Atkinson KM, Shradha Reddy Kommidi S, Freel T, Janeková H, Štacko P, Smith BD. Structure-Activity Studies of Nitroreductase-Responsive Near-Infrared Heptamethine Cyanine Fluorescent Probes. European J Org Chem 2022; 2022:e202200270. [PMID: 38322783 PMCID: PMC10846533 DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Two new classes of near-infrared molecular probes were prepared and shown to exhibit "turn on" fluorescence when cleaved by the nitroreductase enzyme, a well-known biomarker of cell hypoxia. The fluorescent probes are heptamethine cyanine dyes with a central 4'-carboxylic ester group on the heptamethine chain that is converted by a self-immolative fragmentation mechanism to a 4'-caboxylate group that greatly enhances the fluorescence brightness. Each compound was prepared by ring opening of a Zincke salt. The chemical structures have either terminal benzoindolinenes or propargyloxy auxochromes, which provide favorable red-shifted absorption/emission wavelengths and a hyperchromic effect that enhances the photon output when excited by 808 nm light. A fluorescent probe with terminal propargyloxy-indolenines exhibited less self-aggregation and was rapidly activated by nitroreductase with large "turn on" fluorescence; thus, it is the preferred choice for translation towards in vivo applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janeala J. Morsby
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Kirk M. Atkinson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Sai Shradha Reddy Kommidi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Tristan Freel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, 5841 S Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Hana Janeková
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurestrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Peter Štacko
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurestrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bradley D. Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
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15
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Activatable near-infrared fluorescent probe triggered by nitroreductase for in vivo ulcerative colitis hypoxia imaging. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1221:340107. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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16
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Li C, Lin Q, Hu F, Bao R, Cai H, Gu Y. Based on lapatinib innovative near-infrared fluorescent probes targeting HER1/HER2 for in vivo tumors imaging. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 214:114503. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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17
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Karan S, Cho MY, Lee H, Park HS, Han EH, Song Y, Lee Y, Kim M, Cho JH, Sessler JL, Hong KS. Hypoxia-Responsive Luminescent CEST MRI Agent for In Vitro and In Vivo Tumor Detection and Imaging. J Med Chem 2022; 65:7106-7117. [PMID: 35580357 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia is a feature of most solid tumors and a key determinant of cancer growth and propagation. Sensing hypoxia effectively could lead to more favorable clinical outcomes. Here, we report a molecular antenna-based bimodal probe designed to exploit the complementary advantages of magnetic resonance (MR)- and optical-based imaging. Specifically, we describe the synthesis and evaluation of a dual-action probe (NO2-Eu) that permits hypoxia-activated chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MR and optical imaging. In CT26 cells, this NO2-Eu probe not only provides an enhanced CEST MRI signal but also turns "on" the optical signal under hypoxic conditions. Time-dependent in vivo CEST imaging in a hypoxic CT26 tumor xenograft mouse model revealed probe-dependent tumor detection by CEST MRI contrast in the tumor area. We thus suggest that dual-action hypoxia probes, like that reported here, could have a role to play in solid tumor diagnosis and monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanu Karan
- Research Center for Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Korea.,Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Mi Young Cho
- Research Center for Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Korea
| | - Hyunseung Lee
- Research Center for Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Korea
| | - Hye Sun Park
- Research Center for Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Korea
| | - Eun Hee Han
- Research Center for Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Korea
| | - Youngkyu Song
- Research Equipment Operations Division, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Korea
| | - Youlee Lee
- Research Equipment Operations Division, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Korea
| | - Mina Kim
- Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Science, London WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom
| | - Jee-Hyun Cho
- Research Equipment Operations Division, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Korea
| | - Jonathan L Sessler
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1224, United States
| | - Kwan Soo Hong
- Research Center for Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Korea.,Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
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18
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Zhang X, Gao Z, Xia Y, Dong Q, Cao Y, Jia Q, Sun F, Li Z, Tang C, Yu J. Insight into the spatial interaction of D-π-A bridge derived cyanines and nitroreductase for fluorescent cancer hypoxia detection. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 273:121031. [PMID: 35189489 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nitroreductase (NTR) detection in tumor is critical because NTR level is correlated with hypoxia degree and cancer prognosis. With the feature of high sensitivity and selectivity, fluorescence organic probes for NTR detection exhibited a promising future for tumor hypoxia detection. However, the discovery and design of such probes have been impeded due to the lack of the understanding of spatial match and mismatch of these probes with NTR. Here, we have developed two new nitrophenyl-functionalized trimethincyanine (Cy3) probes with para- or meta- positions of nitro-group in phenyl ring. Para-nitrophenyl substituted Cy3 (pNP-Cy3) exhibited a remarkable response to NTR (20-fold fluorescence enhancement) with good selectivity and sensitivity. Experimental and theoretical analysis verified that the substituent position of nitro group on phenyl ring of dyes altered the spatial arrangement of nitro-substituent group, thereby modulated the spatial match and mismatch between Cy3 dyes and binding domain of NTR, and consequently led to a different fluorescent turn-on response. In tumor-bearing mice model, hypoxia status of A549 xenografted tumor of mice was successfully delineated by using pNP-Cy3. These results may provide a clue for designing new cyanine-derived NTR probe to monitor NTR-overexpressed hypoxia cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghan Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular-Imaging and Neuro-Imaging of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710026, China
| | - Zhiqing Gao
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular-Imaging and Neuro-Imaging of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710026, China
| | - Yuqiong Xia
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular-Imaging and Neuro-Imaging of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710026, China
| | - Qunyan Dong
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular-Imaging and Neuro-Imaging of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710026, China
| | - Yutian Cao
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular-Imaging and Neuro-Imaging of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710026, China
| | - Qian Jia
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular-Imaging and Neuro-Imaging of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710026, China
| | - Fang Sun
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular-Imaging and Neuro-Imaging of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710026, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular-Imaging and Neuro-Imaging of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710026, China
| | - Chu Tang
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular-Imaging and Neuro-Imaging of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710026, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular-Imaging and Neuro-Imaging of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710026, China.
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19
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Zhu J, Zhu R, Miao Q. Polymeric agents for activatable fluorescence, self-luminescence and photoacoustic imaging. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 210:114330. [PMID: 35567882 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Numerous polymeric agents have been widely applied in biology and medicine by virtue of the facile chemical modification, feasible nano-engineering approaches and fine-tuned pharmacokinetics. To endow polymeric imaging agents with ability to monitor and measure subtle molecular or cellular alterations at diseased sites, activatable polymeric probes that can elicit signal changes in response to biomolecular interactions or the analytes of interest have to be developed. Herein, this review aims to provide a systemic interpretation and summarization of the design methodology and imaging utility of recently emerged activatable polymeric probes. An introduction of activatable probes allowing for precise imaging and classification of polymeric imaging agents is reported first. Then, we give a detailed discussion of the contemporary design approaches toward activatable polymeric probes in diverse imaging modes for the detection of various stimuli and their imaging applications. Finally, current challenges and future advances are discussed and highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieli Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Ran Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Qingqing Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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20
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Wang W, Cai J, Wong NK, Hong M, Deng J, Jin L, Ran Y, Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Guan BO. Visualizing nitroreductase activity in living cells and tissues under hypoxia and hepatic inflammation. Analyst 2022; 147:1449-1456. [PMID: 35266458 DOI: 10.1039/d1an01724a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Detecting nitroreductase (NTR) activity in hypoxic cells and tissues in situ represents an important step toward accurate delineation of hypoxic disease loci. However, it remains challenging to develop fluorescent probes with the necessary attributes of selectivity, sensitivity, precise targeting and aqueous solubility. Herein, two kinds of fluorescent probes (NNP and cRGD-NNP) built on a 2-nitroimidazole sensing platform were synthesized for the detection of NTR activity in cell and in vivo models of hypoxia. In the presence of NADH, NNP displayed high selectivity for NTR, a strong fluorescence enhancement (108 fold), and a low detection limit (3.6 ng mL-1). Benefiting from the hydrophilic structure and tumor-targeting properties of the cRGD cyclopeptide group, the probe cRGD-NNP efficiently detected NTR activity in MCF cancer cells under hypoxia. In addition, the liposome-encapsulated probe was successfully applied to visualize NTR during liver inflammation in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communication, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Jiexuan Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communication, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Nai-Kei Wong
- Clinical Pharmacology Section, Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Meijing Hong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communication, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Jianbin Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communication, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Long Jin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communication, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Yang Ran
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communication, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yaqi Zhou
- Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Bai-Ou Guan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communication, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
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21
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Feng X, Li Y, Zhang S, Li C, Tian J. Quantitative hypoxia mapping using a self-calibrated activatable nanoprobe. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:142. [PMID: 35303862 PMCID: PMC8931977 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01341-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a distinguished hallmark of the tumor microenvironment. Hypoxic signaling affects multiple gene expressions, resulting in tumor invasion and metastasis. Quantification of hypoxic status although challenging, can be useful for monitoring tumor development and aggressiveness. However, hypoxia-independent factors such as nonspecific binding and heterogenous probe delivery considerably influence the probe signal thereby disenabling reliable quantitative imaging in vivo. In this study, we designed a self-calibrated activatable nanoprobe Cy7-1/PG5-Cy5@LWHA that specifically detects nitroreductase activity upregulated in hypoxic tumor cells. Dual fluorescence emission of the nanoprobe enables ratiometric calibration and eliminates the target-independent interference. In orthotopic and metastatic breast cancer mouse models, Cy7-1/PG5-Cy5@LWHA demonstrated remarkable hypoxia sensing capability in vivo. Moreover, ratiometric processing provided quantitative hypoxia assessment at different tumor developmental stages and facilitated tumor burden assessment in the metastatic lymph nodes. Therefore, our study demonstrates that ratiometric imaging of Cy7-1/PG5-Cy5@LWHA can be a prospective noninvasive tool to quantitatively monitor tumor hypoxia, which would be beneficial for investigating the fundamental role of hypoxia in tumor progression and for evaluating response to novel anti-hypoxia therapeutics. Furthermore, successful detection of metastatic lymph nodes with the proposed imaging approach illustrates its potential clinical application in assessing lymph node status during surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Feng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, the State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100080, China
| | - Yuhao Li
- Institute of Bismuth Science and School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Shiyuan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, the State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Changjian Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, School of Medicine and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jie Tian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, the State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China. .,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, School of Medicine and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China. .,Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710126, China. .,Key Laboratory of Big Data-Based Precision Medicine (Beihang University), Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing, 100191, China.
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22
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Godet I, Doctorman S, Wu F, Gilkes DM. Detection of Hypoxia in Cancer Models: Significance, Challenges, and Advances. Cells 2022; 11:cells11040686. [PMID: 35203334 PMCID: PMC8869817 DOI: 10.3390/cells11040686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapid proliferation of cancer cells combined with deficient vessels cause regions of nutrient and O2 deprivation in solid tumors. Some cancer cells can adapt to these extreme hypoxic conditions and persist to promote cancer progression. Intratumoral hypoxia has been consistently associated with a worse patient prognosis. In vitro, 3D models of spheroids or organoids can recapitulate spontaneous O2 gradients in solid tumors. Likewise, in vivo murine models of cancer reproduce the physiological levels of hypoxia that have been measured in human tumors. Given the potential clinical importance of hypoxia in cancer progression, there is an increasing need to design methods to measure O2 concentrations. O2 levels can be directly measured with needle-type probes, both optical and electrochemical. Alternatively, indirect, noninvasive approaches have been optimized, and include immunolabeling endogenous or exogenous markers. Fluorescent, phosphorescent, and luminescent reporters have also been employed experimentally to provide dynamic measurements of O2 in live cells or tumors. In medical imaging, modalities such as MRI and PET are often the method of choice. This review provides a comparative overview of the main methods utilized to detect hypoxia in cell culture and preclinical models of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Godet
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA;
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; (S.D.); (F.W.)
- Johns Hopkins Institute for NanoBioTechnology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Steven Doctorman
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; (S.D.); (F.W.)
| | - Fan Wu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; (S.D.); (F.W.)
| | - Daniele M. Gilkes
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA;
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; (S.D.); (F.W.)
- Johns Hopkins Institute for NanoBioTechnology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Cellular and Molecular Medicine Program, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
- Correspondence:
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23
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Li L, Ding L, Zhang X, Wen D, Zhang M, Liu W, Wang H, Wang B, Yan L, Guo L, Diao H. A nitroreductase-responsive near-infrared phototheranostic probe for in vivo imaging of tiny tumor and photodynamic therapy. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 267:120579. [PMID: 34776373 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The hypoxia-activated and nitroreductase-responsive phototheranostic probe has been developed by incorporating a nitro group into a hemicyanine fluorophore. The probe displays extremely sensitive and selective near-infrared fluorescence enhancement to nitroreductase with the detection limit of 2.10 ng/mL. The detection mechanism relies on the nitroreductase-catalyzed reduction of the nitro group to an amino group, along with the generation of the fluorophore. The availability of the probe in fluorescence imaging and photodynamic therapy was demonstrated at cellular level and in vivo. The probe can image endogenous nitroreductase and the hypoxia status of living cells. The probe also exhibits significant phototoxicity to hypoxia tumor cells under the 660 nm laser irradiation. More importantly, the probe has been successfully utilized in imaging tiny tumor (about 6 mm3) and tumor photodynamic therapy in vivo. The proposed probe integrates accurate near-infrared fluorescence imaging and photodynamic therapy into the same molecule, which probably become a promising agent in the early diagnosis and therapy of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology (Shanxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, PR China; College of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, PR China.
| | - Lei Ding
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, PR China
| | - Xueyun Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, PR China
| | - Danning Wen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, PR China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, PR China
| | - Wen Liu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, PR China.
| | - Haojiang Wang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, PR China
| | - Bin Wang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, PR China
| | - Lili Yan
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, PR China
| | - Lixia Guo
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, PR China
| | - Haipeng Diao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology (Shanxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, PR China; College of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, PR China.
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24
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Zheng J, Zhao S, Mao Y, Du Z, Li G, Sang M. Lipid-Activatable Fluorescent Probe for Intraoperative Imaging of Atherosclerotic Plaque Using In Situ Patch. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2104471. [PMID: 34837454 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202104471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The surgical removal of lesions is among the most common and effective treatments for atherosclerosis. It is often the only curative treatment option, and the ability to visualize the full extent of atherosclerotic plaque during the operation has major implications for the therapeutic outcome. Fluorescence imaging is a promising approach for the inspection of atherosclerotic plaques during surgery. However, there is no systematic strategy for intraoperative fluorescent imaging in atherosclerosis. In this study, the in situ attachment of a lipid-activatable fluorescent probe (CN-N2)-soaked patch to the outer arterial surface is reported for rapid and precise localization of the atherosclerotic plaque in ApoE-deficient mouse during surgery. Stable imaging of the plaque is conducted within 5 min via rapid recognition of abnormally accumulated lipid droplets (LDs) in foam cells. Furthermore, the plaque/normal ratio (P/N) is significantly enhanced to facilitate surgical delineation of carotid atherosclerotic plaques. Visible fluorescence bioimaging using lipid-activatable probes can accurately delineate plaque sizes down to diameters of <0.5 mm, and the images can be swiftly captured within the stable plaque imaging time window. These findings on intraoperative fluorescent imaging of plaques via the in situ attachment of the CN-N2 patch hold promise for effective clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinrong Zheng
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University, 2999 Jinshan Road, Huli District, Xiamen, 361006, China
| | - Shanshan Zhao
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University, 2999 Jinshan Road, Huli District, Xiamen, 361006, China
| | - Yijie Mao
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University, 2999 Jinshan Road, Huli District, Xiamen, 361006, China
| | - Zhichao Du
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, 30 Shuangqing Road, Haiding District, Beijing, 100084, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Xilingol League Central Hospital, 9 Nadam Street, Xilinhot, 026000, China
| | - Gang Li
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University, 2999 Jinshan Road, Huli District, Xiamen, 361006, China
| | - Mangmang Sang
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University, 2999 Jinshan Road, Huli District, Xiamen, 361006, China
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25
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Das S, Indurthi HK, Asati P, Sharma DK. Small Molecule Fluorescent Probes for Sensing and Bioimaging of Nitroreductase. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202102895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samarpita Das
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engg. and Tech Indian Institute of Technology-Banaras Hindu University Varanasi, Up 221005
| | - Harish K. Indurthi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engg. and Tech Indian Institute of Technology-Banaras Hindu University Varanasi, Up 221005
| | - Pulkit Asati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engg. and Tech Indian Institute of Technology-Banaras Hindu University Varanasi, Up 221005
| | - Deepak K. Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engg. and Tech Indian Institute of Technology-Banaras Hindu University Varanasi, Up 221005
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26
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Zhang Q, Tang Y, Song S, Peng J, Lin W. A novel fluorescent probe for the detection of Golgi nitroreductase under hypoxic conditions. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj02326a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We present the first Golgi-targeted fluorescent probe Gol-NTR for NTR detection in living HeLa cells and tumor tissue slices of mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals and Materials, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Processing for Non-ferrous Metals and Featured Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yonghe Tang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals and Materials, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Processing for Non-ferrous Metals and Featured Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Sirui Song
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals and Materials, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Processing for Non-ferrous Metals and Featured Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Juanjuan Peng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals and Materials, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Processing for Non-ferrous Metals and Featured Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Weiying Lin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals and Materials, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Processing for Non-ferrous Metals and Featured Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
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27
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Li M, Gebremedhin KH, Ma D, Pu Z, Xiong T, Xu Y, Kim JS, Peng X. Conditionally Activatable Photoredox Catalysis in Living Systems. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 144:163-173. [PMID: 34963281 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c07372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The transformational effect of photoredox catalytic chemistries has inspired new opportunities, enabling us to interrogate nature in ways that are not possible otherwise and to unveil new biotechnologies in therapy and diagnosis. However, the deployment of artificial photoredox catalysis in living systems remains challenging, mired by the off-target risk and safety concerns of photocatalyst toxicity. Here, we present an appealing approach, namely conditionally activatable photoredox catalysis (ConAPC), and as a proof of concept design the first ConAPC architecture (Se-NO2) based upon classic self-immolative chemistry, in which the inherent photocatalytic properties can be temporarily caged while the species becomes active only at the tumor sites via sensing to specific biomarkers. Such a masking strategy allows a spatial-temporal control of photoresponsivity in vitro and in vivo. In particular, for ConAPC design, a new biologically benign metal-free photocatalyst (Se-NH2), which is able to initiate NIR photoredox catalysis to manipulate the cellular electron pool in an O2-independent mechanism of action, is identified. With this unique strategy, potent tumor-specific targeting photocatalytic eradication (TGI: 95%) is obtained in a mouse model. Impressively, favorable features such as high-resolution tumor recognition (SBR: 33.6) and excellent biocompatibility and safety are also achieved. This work therefore offers a new possibility for chemists to leverage artificial photocatalytic reactions toward the development of facile and intelligent photocatalytic theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingle Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, People's Republic of China.,Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Kalayou Hiluf Gebremedhin
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, People's Republic of China.,Department of Chemistry, CNCS, Mekelle University, 231 Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Dandan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongji Pu
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunjie Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Jong Seung Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Xiaojun Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, People's Republic of China.,Research Institute of Dalian University of Technology in Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518057, People's Republic of China
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28
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Sang M, Cai B, Qin S, Zhao S, Mao Y, Wang Y, Yu X, Zheng J. Lipid Droplet-Specific Probe for Rapidly Locating Atherosclerotic Plaques and Intraoperative Imaging via In Situ Spraying. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:58369-58381. [PMID: 34870406 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c17797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The ability to visualize the full extent of atherosclerotic plaques during surgery has major implications for therapeutic outcomes. Fluorescence imaging is a promising approach for atherosclerotic plaque inspection during surgery. However, a specific strategy for the intraoperative fluorescence imaging of atherosclerosis has not been established. This study presents an in situ spraying aerosol of a lipid droplet-specific probe to rapidly and precisely locate atherosclerotic plaques during surgery. Stable imaging of the plaque was achieved within 5 min by nebulizing the aqueous solution of the lipid droplet-specific probe (CN-PD) into 3 μm droplets and rapidly permeating it in situ. The visible fluorescence bioimaging of CN-PD can accurately delineate the plaque margins and size even with a diameter ≤0.5 mm, which are capable of being swiftly captured during the stable plaque imaging window (>2 h). This strategy combines the consideration of a specific probe design and an efficient in situ delivery, which results in weak interference from the background signals. Therefore, the plaque-to-normal tissue ratio (P/N) is sufficient to facilitate the surgical delineation of carotid atherosclerotic plaques. The originality of the intraoperative fluorescence imaging of the plaques via in situ delivery of the lipid droplet-specific probe holds promise for effective clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mangmang Sang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University, 2999 Jinshan Road, Huli District, Xiamen 361006, China
| | - Bicheng Cai
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, 3046 Shennan East Road, Luohu District, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Shuheng Qin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Lane, Gulou District, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shanshan Zhao
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University, 2999 Jinshan Road, Huli District, Xiamen 361006, China
| | - Yijie Mao
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University, 2999 Jinshan Road, Huli District, Xiamen 361006, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University, 2999 Jinshan Road, Huli District, Xiamen 361006, China
| | - Xiu Yu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, 3046 Shennan East Road, Luohu District, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jinrong Zheng
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University, 2999 Jinshan Road, Huli District, Xiamen 361006, China
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29
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Yin J, Huang L, Wu L, Li J, James TD, Lin W. Small molecule based fluorescent chemosensors for imaging the microenvironment within specific cellular regions. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:12098-12150. [PMID: 34550134 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00645b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The microenvironment (local environment), including viscosity, temperature, polarity, hypoxia, and acidic-basic status (pH), plays indispensable roles in cellular processes. Significantly, organelles require an appropriate microenvironment to perform their specific physiological functions, and disruption of the microenvironmental homeostasis could lead to malfunctions of organelles, resulting in disorder and disease development. Consequently, monitoring the microenvironment within specific organelles is vital to understand organelle-related physiopathology. Over the past few years, many fluorescent probes have been developed to help reveal variations in the microenvironment within specific cellular regions. Given that a comprehensive understanding of the microenvironment in a particular cellular region is of great significance for further exploration of life events, a thorough summary of this topic is urgently required. However, there has not been a comprehensive and critical review published recently on small-molecule fluorescent chemosensors for the cellular microenvironment. With this review, we summarize the recent progress since 2015 towards small-molecule based fluorescent probes for imaging the microenvironment within specific cellular regions, including the mitochondria, lysosomes, lipid drops, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi, nucleus, cytoplasmic matrix and cell membrane. Further classifications at the suborganelle level, according to detection of microenvironmental factors by probes, including polarity, viscosity, temperature, pH and hypoxia, are presented. Notably, in each category, design principles, chemical synthesis, recognition mechanism, fluorescent signals, and bio-imaging applications are summarized and compared. In addition, the limitations of the current microenvironment-sensitive probes are analyzed and the prospects for future developments are outlined. In a nutshell, this review comprehensively summarizes and highlights recent progress towards small molecule based fluorescent probes for sensing and imaging the microenvironment within specific cellular regions since 2015. We anticipate that this summary will facilitate a deeper understanding of the topic and encourage research directed towards the development of probes for the detection of cellular microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junling Yin
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Luling Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - Jiangfeng Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tony D James
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK. .,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiying Lin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, People's Republic of China.
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30
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Wang J, Liu J, Yang Z. Recent advances in peptide-based nanomaterials for targeting hypoxia. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:6027-6039. [PMID: 36133944 PMCID: PMC9418673 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00637a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia is a prominent feature of many severe diseases such as malignant tumors, ischemic strokes, and rheumatoid arthritis. The lack of oxygen has a paramount impact on angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis, and chemotherapy resistance. The potential of hypoxia as a therapeutic target has been increasingly recognized over the last decade. In order to treat these disease states, peptides have been extensively investigated due to their advantages in safety, target specificity, and tumor penetrability. Peptides can overcome difficulties such as low drug/energy delivery efficiency, hypoxia-induced drug resistance, and tumor nonspecificity. There are three main strategies for targeting hypoxia through peptide-based nanomaterials: (i) using peptide ligands to target cellular environments unique to hypoxic conditions, such as cell surface receptors that are upregulated in cells under hypoxic conditions, (ii) utilizing peptide linkers sensitive to the hypoxic microenvironment that can be cleaved to release therapeutic or diagnostic payloads, and (iii) a combination of the above where targeting peptides will localize the system to a hypoxic environment for it to be selectively cleaved to release its payload, forming a dual-targeting system. This review focuses on recent developments in the design and construction of novel peptide-based hypoxia-targeting nanomaterials, followed by their mechanisms and potential applications in diagnosis and treatment of hypoxic diseases. In addition, we address challenges and prospects of how peptide-based hypoxia-targeting nanomaterials can achieve a wider range of clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University Rizhao 276800 China
| | - Jing Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University Rizhao 276800 China
| | - Zhongxing Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University Rizhao 276800 China
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31
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Fan X, Ren T, Yang W, Zhang X, Yuan L. Activatable photoacoustic/fluorescent dual-modal probe for monitoring of drug-induced liver hypoxia in vivo. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:8644-8647. [PMID: 34369955 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc02999a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Effective monitoring of liver hypoxia status is crucial for the detection and treatment of drug-induced liver injury. Here, a novel photoacoustic and fluorescent dual-modal probe (NO2-CS) was rationally developed and applied to image isoniazid-induced liver hypoxia through detecting the over-expressed nitroreductase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China.
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32
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Li H, Kim D, Yao Q, Ge H, Chung J, Fan J, Wang J, Peng X, Yoon J. Activity‐Based NIR Enzyme Fluorescent Probes for the Diagnosis of Tumors and Image‐Guided Surgery. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202009796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Haidong Li
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience Ewha Womans University Seoul 03760 Korea
| | - Dayeh Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience Ewha Womans University Seoul 03760 Korea
| | - Qichao Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology 2 Linggong Road, Hi-tech Zone Dalian 116024 China
| | - Haoying Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology 2 Linggong Road, Hi-tech Zone Dalian 116024 China
| | - Jeewon Chung
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience Ewha Womans University Seoul 03760 Korea
| | - Jiangli Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology 2 Linggong Road, Hi-tech Zone Dalian 116024 China
- Ningbo Institute of Dalian University of Technology 26 Yucai Road, Jiangbei District Ningbo 315016 China
| | - Jingyun Wang
- School of Bioengineering Dalian University of Technology 2 Linggong Road, Hi-tech Zone Dalian 116024 China
| | - Xiaojun Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology 2 Linggong Road, Hi-tech Zone Dalian 116024 China
- Ningbo Institute of Dalian University of Technology 26 Yucai Road, Jiangbei District Ningbo 315016 China
| | - Juyoung Yoon
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience Ewha Womans University Seoul 03760 Korea
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33
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Karan S, Cho MY, Lee H, Lee H, Park HS, Sundararajan M, Sessler JL, Hong KS. Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probe Activated by Nitroreductase for In Vitro and In Vivo Hypoxic Tumor Detection. J Med Chem 2021; 64:2971-2981. [PMID: 33711229 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c02162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Tumor hypoxia is correlated with increased resistance to chemotherapy and poor overall prognoses across a number of cancer types. We present here a cancer cell-selective and hypoxia-responsive probe (fol-BODIPY) designed on the basis of density functional theory (DFT)-optimized quantum chemical calculations. The fol-BODIPY probe was found to provide a rapid fluorescence "off-on" response to hypoxia relative to controls, which lack the folate or nitro-benzyl moieties. In vitro confocal microscopy and flow cytometry analyses, as well as in vivo near-infrared optical imaging of CT26 solid tumor-bearing mice, provided support for the contention that fol-BODIPY is more readily accepted by folate receptor-positive CT26 cancer cells and provides a superior fluorescence "off-on" signal under hypoxic conditions than the controls. Based on the findings of this study, we propose that fol-BODIPY may serve as a tumor-targeting, hypoxia-activatable probe that allows for direct cancer monitoring both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanu Karan
- Research Center for Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Young Cho
- Research Center for Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunseung Lee
- Research Center for Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwunjae Lee
- Research Center for Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Sun Park
- Research Center for Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Mahesh Sundararajan
- Theoretical Chemistry Section, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400 085, India
| | - Jonathan L Sessler
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1224, United States
| | - Kwan Soo Hong
- Research Center for Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
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34
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Activity‐Based NIR Enzyme Fluorescent Probes for the Diagnosis of Tumors and Image‐Guided Surgery. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:17268-17289. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202009796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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35
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A novel long-wavelength off-on fluorescence probe for nitroreductase analysis and hypoxia imaging. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1144:76-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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36
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Zheng J, Li J, Luo H, Sun L, Sang M, Yu X. Controlled "off-on" fluorescent probe for the specific detection of hyperhomocysteinemia. RSC Adv 2021; 11:4356-4364. [PMID: 35424387 PMCID: PMC8694285 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra08710f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperhomocysteinemia is an established risk factor for atherosclerosis and vascular disease. Therefore, designing a hyperhomocysteinemia specific probe is of great significance for the early warning of cardiovascular diseases. However, developing probes that can efficiently and specifically recognize homocysteine (Hcy) remains a tremendous challenge. Therefore, we designed an Hcy-specific fluorescent probe (HSFP) with excellent selectivity and anti-interference capability. Interestingly, this probe can automatically “off–on” in water solution, but the fluorescence of HSFP remains “off” when Hcy is present in the solution. The spectroscopic data demonstrated that the fluorescence of HSFP attenuated 13.8 folds toward Hcy in water without interference from other biothiols and amino acids. Furthermore, HSFP can sensitively reflect the change of Hcy content in cells. Therefore, HSFP was further applied to detect hyperhomocysteinemia in vivo with high efficiency. In summary, we have developed an Hcy-specific fluorescent probe to efficiently detect Hcy in vivo and in vitro, which may contribute to basic or clinical research. An Hcy-specific fluorescent probe (HSFP) with excellent selectivity and anti-interference capability was developed for the detection of hyperhomocysteinemia.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinrong Zheng
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University Xiamen 361006 China
| | - Jianlong Li
- Department of Imaging Radiology, Rizhao People's Hospital Rizhao 276800 China
| | - Hongli Luo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University Chongqing 400000 China
| | - Lingbin Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Mangmang Sang
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University Xiamen 361006 China
| | - Xiu Yu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases Shenzhen 518055 China +86-755-25533018
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37
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Mu S, Gao H, Li C, Li S, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Ma C, Zhang H, Liu X. A dual-response fluorescent probe for detection and bioimaging of hydrazine and cyanide with different fluorescence signals. Talanta 2021; 221:121606. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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38
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Wang S, Wu X, Zhang Y, Zhang D, Xie B, Pan Z, Ouyang K, Peng T. Discovery of a highly efficient nitroaryl group for detection of nitroreductase and imaging of hypoxic tumor cells. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:3469-3478. [PMID: 33899896 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00356a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia is a pathological hallmark of solid tumors. Detection of hypoxia is therefore of great interest for tumor diagnosis and treatment. As a well-established biomarker of hypoxia, nitroreductase (NTR) has been widely exploited in the development of hypoxia-responsive fluorescent probes on the basis of its enzymatic activity to reduce nitroaryl groups. However, studies on the relationship between the nitroaryl structure and the probe performance for optimal probe design are still rare. Here we report a comparative investigation of nitroaryl groups and identification of the optimal nitroaryl structure for developing new fluorescent probes with extremely high efficiency in the detection of NTR and the imaging of hypoxic tumor cells. Specifically, we synthesized a series of resorufin-based fluorescent probes containing different nitroaryl groups, compared their fluorescence responses to NTR, and identified 2-nitro-N-methyl-imidazolyl as the optimal nitroaryl group that is much more efficient than the most widely used 4-nitrophenyl for NTR detection. The structure-performance relationship was then studied by theoretical molecular docking, revealing the unique features of 2-nitro-N-methyl-imidazolyl in binding and reaction with NTR. We further incorporated the 2-nitro-N-methyl-imidazolyl group into a near-infrared (NIR) hemicyanine fluorophore and developed a NIR fluorescent probe NFP-7 for the detection of NTR and hypoxic tumor cells. NFP-7 exhibits a strong fluorescence increase toward NTR in vitro with an ultrafast (within 40 seconds to fluorescence maximum) and ultrasensitive (0.2 ng mL-1 detection limit) response. NFP-7 has also been demonstrated for imaging the degree of hypoxia in live tumor cells and, more importantly, in a murine tumor model. Our study provides important insights into hypoxia probe development and new tools for hypoxia imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shushu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Xiaojun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Yuqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Dong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Boyu Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Zhixiang Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Kunfu Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Tao Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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39
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Sun W, Tong M, Liu G, Wang X, Fan N, Song X, Yang D, Zhang D. A fluorescence sensor for nitroreductase detection in hypoxic cells and zebrafish. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2021.100177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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40
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41
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Zhang Z, Wang R, Huang X, Zhu W, He Y, Liu W, Liu F, Feng F, Qu W. A Simple Aggregation-Induced Emission Nanoprobe with Deep Tumor Penetration for Hypoxia Detection and Imaging-Guided Surgery in Vivo. Anal Chem 2020; 93:1627-1635. [PMID: 33377760 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The pan-cancer detection and precise visualization of tiny tumors in surgery still face great challenges. As tumors grow aggressively, hypoxia is a common feature of solid tumors and has supplied a general way for detecting tumors. Herein, we report a simple aggregation-induced emission nanoprobe-TPE-4NE-O that can specifically switch on their fluorescence in the presence of cytochrome P450 reductase, a reductase which is overexpressed under hypoxia conditions. The probe can selectively light up the hypoxia cells and has shown enhanced deep tumor penetration via charge conversion both in vitro and in vivo. After being modified with FA-DSPE-PEG, higher tumor uptake can be seen and FA-DSPE/TPE-4NE-O showed specific visualization to the hypoxia cancer cells. Excitingly, much brighter fluorescence was accumulated at the tumors in the FA-DSPE/TPE-4NE-O group, even though the tumor was as small as 2.66 mm. The excellent performance of FA-DSPE/TPE-4NE-O in detecting tiny tumors has made it possible for imaging-guided tumor resection. More importantly, the probe exhibited good biocompatibility with negligible organ damage and eliminated a hemolysis risk. The simple but promising probe has supplied a new strategy for pan-cancer detection and tiny tumor visualization, which have shown great potential in clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongtao Zhang
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Ruyi Wang
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Xiaoxian Huang
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Wanfang Zhu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yanjun He
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Wenyuan Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.,Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Fulei Liu
- The Joint Laboratory of China Pharmaceutical University and Taian City Central Hospital, Taian City Central Hospital, Taian 271000, China.,Pharmaceutical Department, Taian City Central Hospital, Taian 271000, China
| | - Feng Feng
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.,Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, Huaian 223003, China
| | - Wei Qu
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.,Key Laboratory of Biomedical Functional Materials, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
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42
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Chen X, Bian Y, Li M, Zhang Y, Gao X, Su D. Activatable Off-on Near-Infrared QCy7-based Fluorogenic Probes for Bioimaging. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:3983-3994. [PMID: 33034939 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202001057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The activatable off-on near-infrared QCy7-based fluorogenic probes have emerged as powerful modalities for detecting and monitoring biological analytes and understanding their biological processes in cells and organisms. The use of biomarker-activated QCy7-based probes enables simple synthesis, minimum photo-damage to biological samples, and minimum background interference from biological systems. In this minireview, we aim to provide a rigorous but concise overview of activatable QCy7-based fluorogenic probes by reporting the significant progress made in recent years. The design strategies and the main applications of accurate detection and imaging of disease-related biomarkers (including ROS/RSS, enzymes, metal ions, and other related species) were reasonably analyzed and discussed. The potential challenges and prospects of activatable QCy7-based fluorogenic probes are also emphasized to further advance the development of new methods for biomarker detection and bioimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqian Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, P. R. China
| | - Yongning Bian
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, P. R. China
| | - Mingrui Li
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, P. R. China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, P. R. China
| | - Xueyun Gao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, P. R. China
| | - Dongdong Su
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, P. R. China
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43
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Recent progress in the design principles, sensing mechanisms, and applications of small-molecule probes for nitroreductases. Coord Chem Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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44
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He M, Li C, Pang Z, Chen K, Tan Y, Huang Y, Lu Z. A New Phenolate-Ion-Type Two-Photon Near Infrared Fluorophore-Based Biosensor for High-Performance Detection of HNO. Chemistry 2020; 26:12140-12144. [PMID: 32573863 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Although (E)-4-(2-(4-(dicyanomethylene)-4H-chromen-2-yl)vinyl)phenolate anion (DCPO- ) has recently emerged as a potential near infrared (NIR) biosensor signaling unit, the pKa value of its conjugate acid is relatively high (∼9); this will lead to relatively low concentrations of DCPO- under physiological conditions and, hence, unsatisfactory sensitivity of DCPO- -based bio-probes. By difluoro-substitution on DCPO- , we have exploited a new fluorophore of o-FDCPO- whose conjugate acid has a much lower pKa value of 7.42. Meanwhile, o-FDCPO- is NIR emissive with λem =693 nm and has a 0.76-fold higher fluorescence efficiency than DCPO- . The significant superiority of o-FDCPO- over DCPO- in sensitivity for NIR biosensor applications was confirmed by comparative studies on two HNO probes, namely o-FDCPO-P and DCPO-P, which bear signaling units of o-FDCPO- and DCPO- , respectively. Moreover, o-FDCPO-P has been demonstrated to be a high-performance HNO probe with high selectivity, high sensitivity (detection limit: 50 nm), and a rapid response, together with a two-photon NIR-excitation imaging capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moyun He
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Chenghui Li
- Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Zhenguo Pang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Kuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Yanfei Tan
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Yan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyun Lu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
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45
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Xu L, Sun L, Zeng F, Wu S. Activatable fluorescent probe based on aggregation-induced emission for detecting hypoxia-related pathological conditions. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1125:152-161. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.05.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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46
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Zheng J, Xu Y, Fan L, Qin S, Li H, Sang M, Li R, Chen H, Yuan Z, Li B. A Bioresponsive Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probe for Facile and Persistent Live-Cell Tracking. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2002211. [PMID: 32686298 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202002211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Molecular imaging significantly transforms the field of biomedical science and facilitates the visualization, characterization, and quantification of biologic processes. However, it is still challenging to monitor cell localization in vivo, which is essential to the study of tumor metastasis and in the development of cell-based therapies. While most conventional small-molecule fluorescent probes cannot afford durable cell labeling, transfection of cells with fluorescent proteins is limited by their fixed fluorescence, poor tissue penetration, and interference of autofluorescence background. Here, a bioresponsive near-infrared fluorescent probe is reported as facile and reliable tool for real-time cell tracking in vivo. The design of this probe relies on a new phenomenon observed upon fluorobenzene-conjugated fluorescent dyes, which can form complexes with cytosolic glutathione and actively translocates to lysosomes, exhibiting enhanced and stable cell labeling. Fluorobenzene-coupled hemicyanine, a near-infrared fluorophore manifests to efficiently staining tumor cells without affecting their invasive property and enables persistent monitoring of cell migration in metastatic tumor murine models at high resolution for one week. The method of fluorobenzene functionalization also provides a simple and universal "add-on" strategy to render ordinary fluorescent probes suitable for long-term live-cell tracking, for which currently there is a deficit of suitable molecular tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinrong Zheng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Lane, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Sanyi Biotechnology Co., Ltd., 228 East Tianyuan Road, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211100, China
| | - Yue Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Lane, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Lixue Fan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Lane, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Shuheng Qin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Lane, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Hua Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Lane, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Mangmang Sang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Lane, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ruixi Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Lane, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Haiyan Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Lane, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Zhenwei Yuan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Lane, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Bowen Li
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
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47
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Zheng J, Liu Y, Song F, Jiao L, Wu Y, Peng X. A nitroreductase-activatable near-infrared theranostic photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy under mild hypoxia. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:5819-5822. [PMID: 32329480 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc02019b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a near-infrared (NIR) theranostic photosensitizer was developed based on a heptamethine aminocyanine dye with a long-lived triplet state. This theranostic molecule can be activated by nitroreductase under mild hypoxia to be used in fluorescence imaging and highly efficient photodynamic therapy (PDT) both in 2D and 3D (spheroids) HeLa cell culture models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, High-tech District, Dalian, 116024, China.
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48
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Yin J, Jiao Y, Peng X, He H, Duan C. Ionic fluorescent sensor targeting receptor tyrosine kinases for biosystems imaging and application in flow cytometry. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 153:112026. [PMID: 31989936 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent imaging of receptor tyrosine kinases in living biosystems is an important means for the early diagnosis of cancer, herein an ionic fluorescent sensor (SNB) composed of targeting unit (sunitinib) and nile blue fluorophore linked via long flexible chain has been designed and evaluated. The SNB sensor exhibits distinct fluorescence responses to receptor tyrosine kinases derived from unfolding strategy and targeting ability, which were evaluated through 2D NMR analyses, optical studies, kinase activity assays. The SNB sensor has excellent membrane fluorescent imaging by electrostatic adsorption and can selectively insert into receptor tyrosine kinases domain pocket on the membrane of cancer cell lines. The SNB sensor has been successfully applied in flow cytometry for cell sorting and fluorescence imaging with tumor mouse model in vivo. The SNB senor may help transition the technology into a widely suitable tool for flow cytometry, imaging with confocal microscopes, whole animal imaging and possibly facilitating early diagnoses and treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiqiu Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China; College of Medical Laboratory, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Yang Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
| | - Xiaojun Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Haiyang He
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Chunying Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
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49
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Xing P, Niu Y, Mu R, Wang Z, Xie D, Li H, Dong L, Wang C. A pocket-escaping design to prevent the common interference with near-infrared fluorescent probes in vivo. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1573. [PMID: 32218438 PMCID: PMC7099068 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15323-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probes are among the most attractive chemical tools for biomedical imaging. However, their in vivo applications are hindered by albumin binding, generating unspecific fluorescence that masks the specific signal from the analyte. Here, combining experimental and docking methods, we elucidate that the reason for this problem is an acceptor (A) group-mediated capture of the dyes into hydrophobic pockets of albumin. This pocket-capturing phenomenon commonly applies to dyes designed under the twisted intramolecular charge-transfer (TICT) principle and, therefore, represents a generic but previously unidentified backdoor problem. Accordingly, we create a new A group that avoids being trapped into the albumin pockets (pocket-escaping) and thereby construct a NIR probe, BNLBN, which effectively prevents this backdoor problem with increased imaging accuracy for liver fibrosis in vivo. Overall, our study explains and overcomes a fundamental problem for the in vivo application of a broad class of bioimaging tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panfei Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, SAR, China
| | - Yiming Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, SAR, China
| | - Ruoyu Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, SAR, China
| | - Zhenzhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, 210093, Nanjing, China
| | - Daping Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, SAR, China
| | - Huanling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, 210093, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, 210093, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, SAR, China.
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50
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Tian Y, Li Y, Wang WX, Jiang WL, Fei J, Li CY. Novel Strategy for Validating the Existence and Mechanism of the “Gut–Liver Axis” in Vivo by a Hypoxia-Sensitive NIR Fluorescent Probe. Anal Chem 2020; 92:4244-4250. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Tian
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, PR China
| | - Yongfei Li
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, PR China
- College of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, PR China
| | - Wen-Li Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, PR China
| | - Junjie Fei
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, PR China
| | - Chun-Yan Li
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, PR China
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