1
|
Peirow R, Adib M, Mahdavi M. A synthesis of pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles via one-pot cascade Ugi condensation and N-annulation under mild conditions. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.153547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
2
|
Zhang K, Tran C, Alami M, Hamze A, Provot O. Synthesis and Biological Activities of Pyrazino[1,2- a]indole and Pyrazino[1,2- a]indol-1-one Derivatives. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14080779. [PMID: 34451876 PMCID: PMC8399128 DOI: 10.3390/ph14080779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
This review concerns the synthesis and biological activities of pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles and pyrazino[1,2-a]indol-1-ones reported since 1997 and the discovery of biological activity of pyrazinoindole derivatives. In the first part, we first presented the synthetic routes that have been reported from a methodological point of view to access the pyrazinoindole unit according to cyclization reactions using or not using metal catalysts. Then, syntheses and neuropsychiatric, auto-immune, anti-infectious and anti-cancer properties of pyrazinoindoles were detailed. In the second part, we first reported the main accesses to pyrazinoindol-1-one substrates according to Michael reactions, metal-catalyzed and metal-free cyclization reactions. The syntheses and anti-cancer, anti-infectious, anti-allergenic and neuropsychiatric properties of pyrazinoindolones were next described and discussed.
Collapse
|
3
|
Faheem, Kumar BK, Sekhar KVGC, Kunjiappan S, Jamalis J, Balaña-Fouce R, Sankaranarayanan M. Recent Update on the Anti-infective Potential of β-carboline Analogs. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 21:398-425. [PMID: 33001013 DOI: 10.2174/1389557520666201001130114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
β-Carboline, a naturally occurring indole alkaloid, holds a momentous spot in the field of medicinal chemistry due to its myriad of pharmacological actions like anticancer, antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, antileishmanial, antimalarial, neuropharmacological, anti-inflammatory and antithrombotic among others. β-Carbolines exhibit their pharmacological activity via diverse mechanisms. This review provides a recent update (2015-2020) on the anti-infective potential of natural and synthetic β-carboline analogs focusing on its antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antimalarial, antileishmanial and antitrypanosomal properties. In cases where enough details are available, a note on its mechanism of action is also added.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faheem
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Vidya Vihar, Pilani-333031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Banoth Karan Kumar
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Vidya Vihar, Pilani-333031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Kondapalli Venkata Gowri Chandra Sekhar
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Shameerpet Mandal, R.R. Dist. Hyderabad, 500078, Telangana, India
| | - Selvaraj Kunjiappan
- Department of Biotechnology, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil 626126, India
| | - Joazaizulfazli Jamalis
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor 81310, Malaysia
| | | | - Murugesan Sankaranarayanan
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Vidya Vihar, Pilani-333031, Rajasthan, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Singh A, Kumar N, Singh S, Sewariya S, Sharma MK, Chandra R. High-valued pyrazinoindole analogues: Synthesis, antibacterial activity, structure activity relationship and molecular dynamics analyses. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2021.100194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
|
5
|
Zhu C, Liu N, Tian M, Ma L, Yang J, Lan X, Ma H, Niu J, Yu J. Effects of alkaloids on peripheral neuropathic pain: a review. Chin Med 2020; 15:106. [PMID: 33024448 PMCID: PMC7532100 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-020-00387-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain is a debilitating pathological pain condition with a great therapeutic challenge in clinical practice. Currently used analgesics produce deleterious side effects. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate alternative medicines for neuropathic pain. Chinese herbal medicines have been widely used in treating intractable pain. Compelling evidence revealed that the bioactive alkaloids of Chinese herbal medicines stand out in developing novel drugs for neuropathic pain due to multiple targets and satisfactory efficacy. In this review, we summarize the recent progress in the research of analgesic effects of 20 alkaloids components for peripheral neuropathic pain and highlight the potential underlying molecular mechanisms. We also point out the opportunities and challenges of the current studies and shed light on further in-depth pharmacological and toxicological studies of these bioactive alkaloids. In conclusion, the alkaloids hold broad prospects and have the potentials to be novel drugs for treating neuropathic pain. This review provides a theoretical basis for further applying some alkaloids in clinical trials and developing new drugs of neuropathic pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunhao Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia China.,Ningxia Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Characteristic Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, No. 692 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia China
| | - Miaomiao Tian
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia China
| | - Lin Ma
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Craniocerebral Diseases of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia China
| | - Jiamei Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia China.,Ningxia Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Characteristic Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, No. 692 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia China
| | - Xiaobing Lan
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia China.,Ningxia Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Characteristic Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, No. 692 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia China
| | - Hanxiang Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, No. 804 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, 750004 Ningxia China
| | - Jianguo Niu
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Craniocerebral Diseases of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia China
| | - Jianqiang Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia China.,Ningxia Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Characteristic Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, No. 692 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia China.,Ningxia Key Laboratory of Craniocerebral Diseases of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Banoth KK, Faheem, ChandraSekhar KVG, Adinarayana N, Murugesan S. Recent evolution on synthesis strategies and anti-leishmanial activity of β-carboline derivatives - An update. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04916. [PMID: 32995612 PMCID: PMC7501441 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is the most widespread pathogenic disease in several countries. Currently, no effective vaccines are available, and the control of Leishmaniasis primarily relies on decade-old chemotherapy. The treatment for the Leishmaniasis is not up to the mark. Current therapy for Leishmaniasis is ancient and requires hospitalization for the administration. These medications are also highly toxic and resistant. β-carboline, a natural indole containing alkaloid, holds a vital position in the field of medicinal chemistry with a diversified pharmacological action. The current review focuses mainly on the anti-leishmanial effects of β-carboline analogs and their synthetic strategies, structural activity relationship studies (SAR). The past ten years alterations unveiled by β-carboline analogs present in phytoconstituents and various derivatives of synthesized analogs with the mechanism of action were briefly shortlisted and illustrated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karan Kumar Banoth
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus, Pilani, 333031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Faheem
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus, Pilani, 333031, Rajasthan, India
| | | | - Nandikolla Adinarayana
- Department of Chemistry, BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Shameerpet Mandal, R.R. Dist. Hyderabad, 500078, Telangana, India
| | - Sankaranarayanan Murugesan
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus, Pilani, 333031, Rajasthan, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial evaluation of novel urea, sulfonamide and acetamide 3,4-dihydropyrazino[1,2-a]indol-1(2H)-one derivatives. ARAB J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2015.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
|
8
|
Zhao F, Tang Q, Xu J, Wang S, Li S, Zou X, Cao Z. Dehydrocrenatidine Inhibits Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels and Ameliorates Mechanic Allodia in a Rat Model of Neuropathic Pain. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:E229. [PMID: 31003411 PMCID: PMC6521113 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11040229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Picrasma quassioides (D. Don) Benn, a medical plant, is used in clinic to treat inflammation, pain, sore throat, and eczema. The alkaloids are the main active components in P. quassioides. In this study, we examined the analgesic effect of dehydrocrenatidine (DHCT), a β-carboline alkaloid abundantly found in P. quassioides in a neuropathic pain rat model of a sciatic nerve chronic constriction injury. DHCT dose-dependently attenuated the mechanic allodynia. In acutely isolated dorsal root ganglion, DHCT completely suppressed the action potential firing. Further electrophysiological characterization demonstrated that DHCT suppressed both tetrodotoxin-resistant (TTX-R) and sensitive (TTX-S) voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) currents with IC50 values of 12.36 μM and 4.87 µM, respectively. DHCT shifted half-maximal voltage (V1/2) of inactivation to hyperpolarizing direction by ~16.7 mV in TTX-S VGSCs. In TTX-R VGSCs, DHCT shifted V1/2 of inactivation voltage to hyperpolarizing direction and V1/2 of activation voltage to more depolarizing potential by ~23.9 mV and ~12.2 mV, respectively. DHCT preferred to interact with an inactivated state of VGSCs and prolonged the repriming time in both TTX-S and TTX-R VGSCs, transiting the channels into a slow inactivated state from a fast inactivated state. Considered together, these data demonstrated that the analgesic effect of DHCT was likely though the inhibition of neuronal excitability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Qinglian Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Jian Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Shuangyan Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Shaoheng Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Xiaohan Zou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Zhengyu Cao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Dhanasekaran S, Kannaujiya VK, Biswas RG, Singh VK. Enantioselective A3-Coupling Reaction Employing Chiral CuI-iPrpyboxdiPh/N-Boc-(l)-Proline Complex under Cooperative Catalysis: Application in the Synthesis of (Indol-2-yl)methanamines. J Org Chem 2019; 84:3275-3292. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b03225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sivasankaran Dhanasekaran
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462066, India
| | - Vinod. K. Kannaujiya
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462066, India
| | - Rayhan G. Biswas
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462066, India
| | - Vinod K. Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Reddy POV, Shekar KPC, Khandagale SB, Hara D, Son A, Ito T, Tanabe K, Kumar D. Easy Access to Water-Soluble Cationic Porphyrin- β
-Carboline Conjugates as Potent Photocytotoxic and DNA Cleaving Agents. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201800649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - K. P. Chandra Shekar
- Department of Chemistry; Birla Institute of Technology and Science; Pilani- 333031 Rajasthan India
| | - Santosh B. Khandagale
- Department of Chemistry; Birla Institute of Technology and Science; Pilani- 333031 Rajasthan India
| | - Daiki Hara
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry; Kyoto University; Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Aoi Son
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry; Kyoto University; Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Takeo Ito
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry; Kyoto University; Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Kazuhito Tanabe
- College of Science and Engineering; Aoyama Gakuin University; Sagamihara 252-5258 Japan
| | - Dalip Kumar
- Department of Chemistry; Birla Institute of Technology and Science; Pilani- 333031 Rajasthan India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Schenberg EE, Alexandre JFM, Filev R, Cravo AM, Sato JR, Muthukumaraswamy SD, Yonamine M, Waguespack M, Lomnicka I, Barker SA, da Silveira DX. Acute Biphasic Effects of Ayahuasca. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0137202. [PMID: 26421727 PMCID: PMC4589238 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ritual use of ayahuasca, an amazonian Amerindian medicine turned sacrament in syncretic religions in Brazil, is rapidly growing around the world. Because of this internationalization, a comprehensive understanding of the pharmacological mechanisms of action of the brew and the neural correlates of the modified states of consciousness it induces is important. Employing a combination of electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings and quantification of ayahuasca's compounds and their metabolites in the systemic circulation we found ayahuasca to induce a biphasic effect in the brain. This effect was composed of reduced power in the alpha band (8-13 Hz) after 50 minutes from ingestion of the brew and increased slow- and fast-gamma power (30-50 and 50-100 Hz, respectively) between 75 and 125 minutes. Alpha power reductions were mostly located at left parieto-occipital cortex, slow-gamma power increase was observed at left centro-parieto-occipital, left fronto-temporal and right frontal cortices while fast-gamma increases were significant at left centro-parieto-occipital, left fronto-temporal, right frontal and right parieto-occipital cortices. These effects were significantly associated with circulating levels of ayahuasca's chemical compounds, mostly N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT), harmine, harmaline and tetrahydroharmine and some of their metabolites. An interpretation based on a cognitive and emotional framework relevant to the ritual use of ayahuasca, as well as it's potential therapeutic effects is offered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Renato Filev
- Departamento de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andre Mascioli Cravo
- Centro de Matemática, Computação e Cognição, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, Brazil
| | - João Ricardo Sato
- Centro de Matemática, Computação e Cognição, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, Brazil
| | | | - Maurício Yonamine
- Departamento de Análises Clinicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marian Waguespack
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Izabela Lomnicka
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Steven A. Barker
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Microwave-assisted synthesis of fused tricyclic pyrazino[1,2-a]indole derivatives. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-014-1216-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
13
|
Penta A, Chander S, Ganguly S, Murugesan S. De novo design and in-silico studies of novel 1-phenyl-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole-3-carboxylic acid derivatives as HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Med Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-014-0945-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
14
|
Laine AE, Lood C, Koskinen AMP. Pharmacological importance of optically active tetrahydro-β-carbolines and synthetic approaches to create the C1 stereocenter. Molecules 2014; 19:1544-67. [PMID: 24473212 PMCID: PMC6271216 DOI: 10.3390/molecules19021544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Revised: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-β-carbolines (THβCs) are a pharmacologically important group of compounds belonging to the indole alkaloids. C1-Substituted optically active THβCs have been the target of extensive synthetic efforts due to the presence of the scaffold in numerous natural products and synthetic targets. This review briefly summarizes the methods to obtain the C1 stereocenter and concentrates on evaluating the pharmacological importance of optically active C1-substituted THβCs, including their PDE5-inhibitory, antimalarial, antiviral and antitumor activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aino E Laine
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Tehcnology, Aalto University, PO Box 16100, Kemistintie 1, Aalto FI-00076, Finland.
| | - Christopher Lood
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Tehcnology, Aalto University, PO Box 16100, Kemistintie 1, Aalto FI-00076, Finland.
| | - Ari M P Koskinen
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Tehcnology, Aalto University, PO Box 16100, Kemistintie 1, Aalto FI-00076, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
3D-QSAR and Docking Studies of a Series ofβ-Carboline Derivatives as Antitumor Agents of PLK1. J CHEM-NY 2014. [DOI: 10.1155/2014/323149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
An alignment-free, three dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) analysis has been performed on a series ofβ-carboline derivatives as potent antitumor agents toward HepG2 human tumor cell lines. A highly descriptive and predictive 3D-QSAR model was obtained through the calculation of alignment-independent descriptors (GRIND descriptors) using ALMOND software. For a training set of 30 compounds, PLS analyses result in a three-component model which displays a squared correlation coefficient (r2) of 0.957 and a standard deviation of the error of calculation (SDEC) of 0.116. Validation of this model was performed using leave-one-out,q2looof 0.85, and leave-multiple-out. This model gives a remarkably highr2pred(0.66) for a test set of 10 compounds. Docking studies were performed to investigate the mode of interaction betweenβ-carboline derivatives and the active site of the most probable anticancer receptor, polo-like kinase protein.
Collapse
|
16
|
Granger BA, Wang Z, Kaneda K, Fang Z, Martin SF. Multicomponent assembly processes for the synthesis of diverse yohimbine and corynanthe alkaloid analogues. ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE 2013; 15:379-86. [PMID: 23697376 DOI: 10.1021/co400055b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A strategy involving a Mannich-type multicomponent assembly process followed by a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition has been developed for the rapid and efficient construction of parent heterocyclic scaffolds bearing indole and isoxazolidine rings. These key intermediates were then readily elaborated using well-established protocols for refunctionalization and cross-coupling to access a diverse 180-member library of novel pentacyclic and tetracyclic compounds related to the Yohimbine and Corynanthe alkaloids. Several other new multicomponent assembly processes were developed to access dihydro-β-carboline-fused benzodiazepines, pyrimidinediones, and rutaecarpine derivatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brett A. Granger
- Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, The Texas Institute for Drug and Diagnostic Development, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712,
United States
| | - Zhiqian Wang
- Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, The Texas Institute for Drug and Diagnostic Development, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712,
United States
| | - Kyosuke Kaneda
- Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, The Texas Institute for Drug and Diagnostic Development, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712,
United States
| | - Zhenglai Fang
- Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, The Texas Institute for Drug and Diagnostic Development, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712,
United States
| | - Stephen F. Martin
- Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, The Texas Institute for Drug and Diagnostic Development, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712,
United States
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wang Z, Kaneda K, Fang Z, Martin SF. Diversity Oriented Synthesis: Concise Entry to Novel Derivatives of Yohimbine and Corynanthe Alkaloids. Tetrahedron Lett 2012; 53:477-479. [PMID: 22544982 PMCID: PMC3335433 DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.10.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
A novel MCAP-cycloaddition sequence has been applied to the facile synthesis of β-carboline intermediates to gain rapid access to novel derivatives of yohimbine-like and corynanthe-like compounds that may be easily diversified by cross-coupling reactions and N-derivatizations to generate small compound libraries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqian Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Texas Institute for Drug and Diagnostic Development, The University of Texas, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Kyosuke Kaneda
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Texas Institute for Drug and Diagnostic Development, The University of Texas, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Zhenglai Fang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Texas Institute for Drug and Diagnostic Development, The University of Texas, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Stephen F. Martin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Texas Institute for Drug and Diagnostic Development, The University of Texas, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wang Y, Jin Q, Lin G, Yang T, Wang Z, Lu Y, Tang Y, Liu L, Lu T. Synthesis and Structure of the β-Carboline Derivatives and Their Binding Intensity with Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2012; 60:435-41. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.60.435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University
- Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, College of Basic Science, China Pharmaceutical University
| | - Qiaomei Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University
| | - Guowu Lin
- Department of Structural Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
| | - Taotao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University
| | - Zhanwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University
| | - Yi Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University
| | - Yimin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University
| | - Lifang Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, College of Basic Science, China Pharmaceutical University
| | - Tao Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University
- Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, College of Basic Science, China Pharmaceutical University
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Li C, Zhang X, Zhao M, Wang Y, Wu J, Liu J, Zheng M, Peng S. A class of novel N-(1-methyl-β-carboline-3-carbonyl)-N′-(aminoacid-acyl)-hydrazines: Aromatization leaded design, synthesis, in vitro anti-platelet aggregation/in vivo anti-thrombotic evaluation and 3D QSAR analysis. Eur J Med Chem 2011; 46:5598-608. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2011] [Revised: 09/11/2011] [Accepted: 09/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
20
|
Yao K, Zhao M, Zhang X, Wang Y, Li L, Zheng M, Peng S. A class of oral N-[(1S,3S)-1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-β-carboline-3-carbonyl]- N′-(amino-acid-acyl)hydrazine: Discovery, synthesis, in vitro anti-platelet aggregation/in vivo anti-thrombotic evaluation and 3D QSAR analysis. Eur J Med Chem 2011; 46:3237-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2011] [Revised: 04/05/2011] [Accepted: 04/12/2011] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
|
21
|
Chen Z, Cao R, Yu L, Shi B, Sun J, Guo L, Ma Q, Yi W, Song X, Song H. Synthesis, cytotoxic activities and DNA binding properties of β-carboline derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2010; 45:4740-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2010.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2010] [Revised: 04/16/2010] [Accepted: 07/19/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
22
|
Liu J, Jiang X, Zhao M, Zhang X, Zheng M, Peng L, Peng S. A class of 3S-2-aminoacyltetrahydro-beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acids: their facile synthesis, inhibition for platelet activation, and high in vivo anti-thrombotic potency. J Med Chem 2010; 53:3106-16. [PMID: 20329729 DOI: 10.1021/jm901816j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
3S-Tetrahydro-beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid (TCCA) effectively inhibits ADP-induced platelet activation. This paper used TCCA as a lead, modified its 2-position with amino acids, and provided 20 novel 3S-2-aminoacyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acids (5a-t). With the in vitro assay, it was demonstrated that this modification diminished the IC(50) values from 701 nM of TCCA to 10 nM of 5a-t. With the in vivo assay, it was demonstrated that this modification reduced the efficacious dose from 5.0 micromol/kg of TCCA to 0.1 micromol/kg of 5a-t. Comparing the Cerius based conformation of them with that of their analogues, the 3-position modified TCCA, it was suggested that the comparatively unfolded conformation was one of the important factors of enhancing the in vivo antithrombotic potency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiawang Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Cao R, Guan X, Shi B, Chen Z, Ren Z, Peng W, Song H. Design, synthesis and 3D-QSAR of beta-carboline derivatives as potent antitumor agents. Eur J Med Chem 2010; 45:2503-15. [PMID: 20304536 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2010.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2009] [Revised: 02/13/2010] [Accepted: 02/16/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In a continuing effort to develop novel beta-carbolines endowed with better pharmacological profiles, a series of beta-carboline derivatives were designed and synthesized based on the previously developed SARs. Cytotoxicities in vitro of these compounds against a panel of human tumor cell lines were also investigated. The results demonstrated that the N2-benzylated beta-carbolinium bromides 56-60 represented the most potent compounds with IC50 values lower than 10 microM. The application of 3D-QSAR to these compounds explored the structural basis for their biological activities. CoMFA (q2=0.513, r2=0.862) and CoMSIA (q2=0.503, r2=0.831) models were developed for a set of 47 beta-carbolines. The results indicated that the antitumor pharmacophore of these molecules were marked at position-1, -2, -3, -7 and -9 of beta-carboline ring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rihui Cao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xin Gang West Road, Guangzhou 510275, PR China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ohta Y, Chiba H, Oishi S, Fujii N, Ohno H. Construction of Nitrogen Heterocycles Bearing an Aminomethyl Group by Copper-Catalyzed Domino Three-Component Coupling−Cyclization. J Org Chem 2009; 74:7052-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jo901328q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Ohta
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Chiba
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Shinya Oishi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Fujii
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ohno
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
|
26
|
Cao R, Yi W, Wu Q, Guan X, Feng M, Ma C, Chen Z, Song H, Peng W. Synthesis and cytotoxic activities of 1-benzylidine substituted beta-carboline derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:6558-61. [PMID: 18952426 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2008] [Revised: 09/21/2008] [Accepted: 10/10/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of new beta-carboline derivatives, bearing a benzylidine substituent at position-1, has been prepared and evaluated in vitro against a panel of human cell lines. The N(2)-benzylated beta-carbolinium bromates represented the most interesting cytotoxic activities. In particular, compounds 19 were found to be the most potent compounds with IC(50) values lower than 5 microM against 10 strains human tumor cell lines. These results confirmed that the N(2)-benzyl substituent on the beta-carboline ring played an important role in the modulation of the cytotoxic activities and suggested that further development of such compounds may be interest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rihui Cao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen (Zhongshan) University, 135 Xin Gang Xi Road, Guangzhou 510275, PR China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Ohno H, Ohta Y, Oishi S, Fujii N. Direct Synthesis of 2-(Aminomethyl)indoles through Copper(I)-Catalyzed Domino Three-Component Coupling and Cyclization Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:2295-8. [PMID: 17300118 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200604342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Ohno
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Ohno H, Ohta Y, Oishi S, Fujii N. Direct Synthesis of 2-(Aminomethyl)indoles through Copper(I)-Catalyzed Domino Three-Component Coupling and Cyclization Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200604342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
29
|
Saczewski F, Tabin P, Tyacke RJ, Maconie A, Saczewski J, Kornicka A, Nutt DJ, Hudson AL. 2-(4,5-Dihydroimidazol-2-yl)benzimidazoles as highly selective imidazoline I2/adrenergic α2 receptor ligands. Bioorg Med Chem 2006; 14:6679-85. [PMID: 16782348 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2006.05.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2006] [Revised: 05/19/2006] [Accepted: 05/31/2006] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
2-(4,5-Dihydroimidazol-2-yl)benzimidazoles have been identified as selective imidazoline I2/alpha2-adrenoceptor ligands. 4-Methyl (2) and 4-chloro (4) derivatives display I2 affinity at nanomolar concentration (Ki=4.4 and 17.7 nM, respectively) and high I2/alpha2 selectivity ratio=4226 and 5649, respectively. An evidence has been obtained that pKa value influences considerably the I2/alpha2-selectivity ratio of this class of imidazoline I2 receptor ligands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francieszek Saczewski
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Brandt SD, Mansell D, Freeman S, Fleet IA, Alder JF. Analytical characterisation of the routes by thermolytic decarboxylation from tryptophan to tryptamine using ketone catalysts, resulting in tetrahydro-β-carboline formation. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2006; 41:872-82. [PMID: 16569488 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2006.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2005] [Revised: 02/01/2006] [Accepted: 02/02/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
N-Alkylated tryptamines have complex psychoactive properties. Routes for clandestine synthesis are described on Internet websites one of which involves the thermolytic decarboxylation of tryptophan to tryptamine as a precursor to psychoactive compounds. High boiling solvents and ketone catalysts have been employed to facilitate the decarboxylation of tryptophan. The present study has revealed that there is formation of tetrahydro-beta-carboline (THBC) derivatives which may originate from reaction with both the solvent and the ketone catalyst. The application of gas chromatography electron- and chemical-ionisation ion trap tandem mass spectrometry (GC-IT-MS-MS), in combination with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), led to the isolation and identification of 1,1-disubstituted-tetrahydro-beta-carbolines formed as major impurities in the tryptamine. Confirmation was by synthesis of the THBC derivatives from tryptamine using Pictet-Spengler cyclisation. Under EI-conditions, mass spectral characterisation of the THBCs suggests predominance of alkyl cleavage. These impurities will yield a useful profile for identification of the synthetic pathway and likely reagents employed, particularly a "fingerprint" of the ketone catalyst and an insight into the influence of solvents and catalysts on the formation of by-products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon D Brandt
- School of Pharmacy and Chemistry, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Tiwari RK, Singh D, Singh J, Yadav V, Pathak AK, Dabur R, Chhillar AK, Singh R, Sharma GL, Chandra R, Verma AK. Synthesis and antibacterial activity of substituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrazino [1,2-a] indoles. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2006; 16:413-6. [PMID: 16246547 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2005.09.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2005] [Revised: 09/12/2005] [Accepted: 09/24/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A series of substituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrazino [1,2-a] indole derivatives have been synthesized and tested against the Gram positive and Gram negative strains of bacteria namely Staphylococcus aureus (MTCCB 737), Salmonella typhi (MTCCB 733), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MTCCB 741), Streptomyces thermonitrificans (MTCCB 1824) and Escherichia coli (MTCCB 1652). All synthesized compounds showed mild to moderate activity. However, compounds 4d-f were found to have potent activity against pathogenic bacteria used in the study. Their MIC ranged from 3.75 to 60 microg/disc. In vitro toxicity tests demonstrated that toxicity of 4d-f was not significantly different than that of gentamycin. However, at higher concentration (1000-4000 microg/ml) difference was highly significant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Kumar Tiwari
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Research Laboratory, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Highly efficient one-pot synthesis of 1-substituted-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrazino[1,2-a]indoles. Tetrahedron 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2005.07.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
33
|
Miralles A, Esteban S, Sastre-Coll A, Moranta D, Asensio VJ, García-Sevilla JA. High-affinity binding of beta-carbolines to imidazoline I2B receptors and MAO-A in rat tissues: norharman blocks the effect of morphine withdrawal on DOPA/noradrenaline synthesis in the brain. Eur J Pharmacol 2005; 518:234-42. [PMID: 16061219 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2005.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2005] [Revised: 06/14/2005] [Accepted: 06/20/2005] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to determine the affinity and binding profile of beta-carbolines for imidazoline I2 receptors and catalytic sites of monoamine oxidase (MAO)-A/B in rat brain and liver. The aim was also directed to assess the in vivo effects of norharman (beta-carboline) and LSL 60101 (I2 ligand) on brain 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) synthesis in morphine-dependent rats. Competition experiments against [3H]2-BFI revealed that beta-carbolines recognize the high- and low-affinity components of the brain imidazoline I2 receptor with the rank order of potency (K(iH) in nM): noreleagnine (12)>norharman (20)>harmalol (82)>harmaline (177)>>harmine (630)>harman (700)>>FG-7142 (>100,000). In liver, this rank was different: harmine (51)>harmaline (103)=noreleagnine (103)>>harmalol (1290)>harman (2000)>>norharman (12,382)>>FG-7142 (>100,000). In brain and liver, competition curves for beta-carbolines against [3H]Ro41-1049 (MAO-A) and [3H]Ro19-6327 (MAO-B) were monophasic and resulted in different drug potencies for the two MAO isozymes (higher affinities for MAO-A) and in similar pharmacological profiles in both tissues. In morphine-dependent rats, naloxone (2 mg/kg, 2 h)-precipitated withdrawal increased the synthesis of DOPA in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus (50%). Pretreatment with norharman (20 mg/kg) or LSL 60101 (20 mg/kg) (30 min before naloxone) fully prevented the stimulatory effect of opiate withdrawal on DOPA synthesis. Norharman and LSL 60101 also attenuated the severity of the withdrawal syndrome. The results indicate that beta-carbolines bind with high affinity to imidazoline I2B receptors, and similarly to I2 ligands (LSL 60101) can block the behavioural and biochemical effects of opiate withdrawal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Miralles
- Laboratori de Neurofarmacologia, Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Ctra. Valldemossa km 7.5, E-07122, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Chang-Fong J, Tyacke RJ, Lau A, Westaway J, Hudson AL, Glennon RA. Pyrazino[1,2- a ]indoles as novel high-affinity and selective imidazoline I 2 receptor ligands. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2004; 14:1003-5. [PMID: 15013010 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2003.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2003] [Accepted: 12/01/2003] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydropyrazino[1,2-a]indoles are described as a novel class of I(2) imidazoline receptor ligands. In particular, 8-methoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrazino[1,2-a]indole (8-OMe THPI; 3c) binds with high affinity at I(2) imidazoline receptors (K(i)=6.2 nM) and with exceptional (> or =1000-fold) selectivity relative to its affinity for I(1) imidazoline receptors, alpha(2)adrenergic receptors, and 5-HT(2A) and 5-HT(2C) serotonin receptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jean Chang-Fong
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0540 USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|