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Mitra D, Paul M, Thatoi H, Das Mohapatra PK. Potentiality of bioactive compounds as inhibitor of M protein and F protein function of human respiratory syncytial virus. In Silico Pharmacol 2023; 12:5. [PMID: 38148755 PMCID: PMC10749291 DOI: 10.1007/s40203-023-00178-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) creates a pandemic every year in several countries in the world. Lack of target therapeutics and absence of vaccines have prompted scientists to create novel vaccines or small chemical treatments against RSV's numerous targets. The matrix (M) protein and fusion (F) glycoprotein of RSV are well characterized and attractive drug targets. Five bioactive compounds from Alnus japonica (Thunb.) Steud. were taken into consideration as lead compounds. Drug-likeness characters of them showed the drugs are non-toxic and non-mutagenic and mostly lipophobic. Molecular docking reveals that all bioactive compounds have better binding and better inhibitory effect than ribavirin which is currently used against RSV. Praecoxin A appeared as the best lead compound between them. It creates 7 different types of bonds with amino acids of M protein and 5 different types of bonds with amino acids of F protein. Van der Waals interactions highly influenced the binding energies. Molecular dynamic simulations represent the non-deviated and less fluctuating nature of praecoxin A. Principal Component Analysis showed praecoxin A complex with RSV matrix protein is more stable than ribavirin complex. This study will help to develop a new drug to inhibit RSV. All ligands were minimized through semi-empirical PM3 process with MOPAC. Toxicity was tested by ProTox-II server. Molecular docking studies were carried out using AutoDock 4.2. Molecular dynamics simulations for 100 ns were carried out through GROMACS 5.12 MD and GROMOS96 43a1 force field. The graphs were produced by GROMACS's XMGrace program. Graphical abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Debanjan Mitra
- Department of Microbiology, Raiganj University, Raiganj, West Bengal 733134 India
| | - Manish Paul
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharaja Sriram Chandra Bhanja Deo University, Baripada, Odisha 757003 India
| | - Hrudayanath Thatoi
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharaja Sriram Chandra Bhanja Deo University, Baripada, Odisha 757003 India
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Khuda F, Gul M, Ali Khan Khalil A, Ali S, Ullah N, Shafiq Khan M, Nazir S, Irum Khan S, Mehtap Büyüker S, Almawash S, Shafique M, Shah SA. Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles Using Alnus nitida Leaf Extract as a Potential Antioxidant and Anticancer Agent. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:30221-30230. [PMID: 37636925 PMCID: PMC10448672 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using plant extracts is gaining attention as a substitute to the conventional physical and chemical synthesis methods. This study reports a facile, cost-effective, and ecofriendly synthesis of AgNPs using leaf extract of Alnus nitida (A. nitida) and their antioxidant and antiproliferative activities. The biosynthesized AgNPs were characterized using various analytical techniques including UV-visible spectroscopy, energy-dispersive spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and dynamic light scattering. The antioxidant and cytotoxic potential of the extract and AgNPs was evaluated using different in vitro models. The UV-vis analysis revealed a surface plasmon resonance peak of 400 nm corresponding to the synthesis of AgNPs. SEM analysis confirmed the formation of heterogeneously dispersed particles of nano size, while the XRD and FTIR spectra confirmed the crystallinity and existence of different functional groups that helped in capping and stability of AgNPs. The antioxidant activity of AgNPs and extract, studied by 1,1-diphenyl 2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP), 2, 2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), and H2O2 scavenging assays, showed a dose-dependent effect. The AgNPs at 1000 μg/mL significantly scavenged DPPH, FRAP, ABTS, and H2O2 by 66.45, 74.65, 78.81, and 72.56% with an average IC50 value of 33.31, 18.50, 16.46, and 15.65 μg/mL, respectively. The cytotoxic potential investigated by MTT assay revealed promising antiproliferative effects against different cancer cell lines. The IC50 values of AgNPs on MDA-MB-231, A549, and Hep-G2 cells were 14.88, 3.6, and 5.38 μg/mL, respectively. The results showed that AgNPs were more effective against lung and hepatocellular carcinoma. The selectivity index showed that AgNPs remained highly selective in retarding the growth of A549 and Hep-G2 cells as compared to normal cell lines HPAEpiC and HRPTEpiC. Overall, this study showed that biosynthesized AgNPs were associated with considerable antioxidant and cytotoxic effects. Our work suggests that A. nitida-mediated AgNPs should be evaluated further in order to develop safe and effective formulations for the treatment of different degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazli Khuda
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Meshal Gul
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Atif Ali Khan Khalil
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmacy, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Sajid Ali
- Department
of Biotechnology, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Ullah
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Swabi, Swabi 23430, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shafiq Khan
- Department
of Pharmacy, Abbottabad University of Science
and Technology, Havelian 22500, Pakistan
| | - Shabnam Nazir
- Department
of Pharmacy, Kohat University of Science
and Technology, Kohat 26000, Pakistan
| | - Sumaira Irum Khan
- Department
of Pharmacy, Mirpur University of Science
and Technology, Mirpur 10250, Pakistan
| | | | - Saud Almawash
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Shafique
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sayed Afzal Shah
- Department
of Biological Sciences, National University
of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
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Evaluation of Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Properties of Alnus nitida. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144582. [PMID: 35889458 PMCID: PMC9320741 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In the current study, the anti-inflammatory and analgesic potential of Alnus nitida (leaves and fruits) was evaluated in the Sprague-Dawley rat. Traditionally, A. nitida was used for the treatment of inflammatory ailments. However, A. nitida leaves and fruits have not been yet reported regarding any potential medicinal effects. Leaves/fruits of A. nitida were extracted with methanol and fractionated to attain n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and aqueous fractions. These extracts were then evaluated for in vivo analgesic and anti-inflammatory potential. For in vivo anti-inflammatory activity, carrageenan-induced paw edema assay, Freunds’ complete adjuvant-induced edema, xylene-induced ear edema and histamine-induced paw edema models were used in rats, which showed significant (p < 0.01) reduction (70−80%) in edema in comparison of inflammatory controls. On other hand, for the analgesic assessment, hot plate assay and acetic acid-induced writhing tests were used, which showed a significant (p < 0.01) rise in latency time (40−60%) as compared with pain-induced controls. These results were comparable with standard drugs in a concentration-dependent manner and no mortality or toxicity was observed during all experiments. Then, for the identification of chemical constituents gas chromatography−mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was performed, which indicated the presence of neophytadiene, 3,7,11,15-Tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol, phytol and vitamin E, justifying the use of A. nitida to treat inflammatory disorders.
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Bagde H, Dhopte A. Effects of Plant Metabolites on the Growth of COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease-19) Including Omicron Strain. Cureus 2022; 14:e26549. [PMID: 35936126 PMCID: PMC9348519 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.26549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
According to recent reports out of India, a new strain of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) B1.1.529 Omicron virus has emerged. In comparison to the Wuhan (WHU) strain and the delta variant, this variant showed a far stronger effect on the angiotensin converting enzyme2 (ACE2) receptor. There are several medicinal compounds in plant metabolites, and their diverse chemical structures make them ideal for the treatment of serious illnesses. It's possible that some of these could be useful alternative pharmaceuticals, as well as a starting point for the repurposing of existing medications and new chemical discoveries. SARS-CoV-2 infection triggered a worldwide epidemic of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). There have been trials for different therapies for SARS-CoV-2 and so also there are recent announcements of extensive research into the development of viable medicines for this global health calamity. After a thorough examination of plant-derived treatments for COVID-19, investigators in the current study decided to focus on plant-derived secondary metabolites (PSMs). According to some researchers, new MDR (Multi-Drug Resistant) antibiotics may one day be developed due to the adaptability of secondary metabolites. Identifying plant metabolites that can treat a wide range of viral infections was one of the study's aims. Many natural medications that could be recommended for the treatment of COVID-19 were discovered as a result of this research, including remedies from plant families, viral candidates that are susceptible, antiviral assays, and mechanisms of therapeutic action. The findings of this study will inspire further research and speed up the development of new antiviral plant-based medications.
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Ebob OT, Babiaka SB, Ntie-Kang F. Natural Products as Potential Lead Compounds for Drug Discovery Against SARS-CoV-2. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2021; 11:611-628. [PMID: 34515981 PMCID: PMC8435765 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-021-00317-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
For the past 2 years, the coronavirus responsible for the COVID-19 infection has become a world pandemic, ruining the lives and economies of several nations in the world. This has scaled up research on the virus and the resulting infection with the goal of developing new vaccines and therapies. Natural products are known to be a rich source of lead compounds for drug discovery, including against infectious diseases caused by microbes (viruses, bacteria and fungi). In this review article, we conducted a literature survey aimed at identifying natural products with inhibitory concentrations against the coronaviruses or their target proteins, which lie below 10 µM. This led to the identification of 42 compounds belonging to the alkaloid, flavonoid, terpenoid, phenolic, xanthone and saponin classes. The cut off concentration of 10 µM was to limit the study to the most potent chemical entities, which could be developed into therapies against the viral infection to make a contribution towards limiting the spread of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oyere Tanyi Ebob
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon
| | - Smith B. Babiaka
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon
| | - Fidele Ntie-Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon
- Institute for Pharmacy, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
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Gyebi GA, Ogunyemi OM, Ibrahim IM, Ogunro OB, Adegunloye AP, Afolabi SO. SARS-CoV-2 host cell entry: an in silico investigation of potential inhibitory roles of terpenoids. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2021; 19:113. [PMID: 34351542 PMCID: PMC8339396 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-021-00209-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Targeting viral cell entry proteins is an emerging therapeutic strategy for inhibiting the first stage of SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this study, 106 bioactive terpenoids from African medicinal plants were screened through molecular docking analysis against human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2), human transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2), and the spike (S) proteins of SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV. In silico absorption-distribution-metabolism-excretion-toxicity (ADMET) and drug-likeness prediction, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, binding free energy calculations, and clustering analysis of MD simulation trajectories were performed on the top docked terpenoids to respective protein targets. RESULTS The results revealed eight terpenoids with high binding tendencies to the catalytic residues of different targets. Two pentacyclic terpenoids (24-methylene cycloartenol and isoiguesteri) interacted with the hACE2 binding hotspots for the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, while the abietane diterpenes were found accommodated within the S1-specificity pocket, interacting strongly with the active site residues TMPRSS2. 3-benzoylhosloppone and cucurbitacin interacted with the RBD and S2 subunit of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein respectively. These interactions were preserved in a simulated dynamic environment, thereby, demonstrating high structural stability. The MM-GBSA binding free energy calculations corroborated the docking interactions. The top docked terpenoids showed favorable drug-likeness and ADMET properties over a wide range of molecular descriptors. CONCLUSION The identified terpenoids from this study provides core structure that can be exploited for further lead optimization to design drugs against SARS-CoV-2 cell-mediated entry proteins. They are therefore recommended for further in vitro and in vivo studies towards developing entry inhibitors against the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gideon A Gyebi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Bingham University, P.M.B 005, Karu, Nasarawa State, Nigeria.
| | - Oludare M Ogunyemi
- Human Nutraceuticals and Bioinformatics Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Salem University, Lokoja, Nigeria
| | - Ibrahim M Ibrahim
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biophysics Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Olalekan B Ogunro
- Department of Biological Sciences, KolaDaisi University, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Adegbenro P Adegunloye
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Saheed O Afolabi
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
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Siddiqui AJ, Danciu C, Ashraf SA, Moin A, Singh R, Alreshidi M, Patel M, Jahan S, Kumar S, Alkhinjar MIM, Badraoui R, Snoussi M, Adnan M. Plants-Derived Biomolecules as Potent Antiviral Phytomedicines: New Insights on Ethnobotanical Evidences against Coronaviruses. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9091244. [PMID: 32967179 PMCID: PMC7570315 DOI: 10.3390/plants9091244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19) is in focus over all known human diseases, because it is destroying the world economy and social life, with increased mortality rate each day. To date, there is no specific medicine or vaccine available against this pandemic disease. However, the presence of medicinal plants and their bioactive molecules with antiviral properties might also be a successful strategy in order to develop therapeutic agents against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Thus, this review will summarize the available literature and other information/data sources related to antiviral medicinal plants, with possible ethnobotanical evidence in correlation with coronaviruses. The identification of novel antiviral compounds is of critical significance, and medicinal plant based natural compounds are a good source for such discoveries. In depth search and analysis revealed several medicinal plants with excellent efficacy against SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV, which are well-known to act on ACE-2 receptor, 3CLpro and other viral protein targets. In this review, we have consolidated the data of several medicinal plants and their natural bioactive metabolites, which have promising antiviral activities against coronaviruses with detailed modes of action/mechanism. It is concluded that this review will be useful for researchers worldwide and highly recommended for the development of naturally safe and effective therapeutic drugs/agents against SARS-CoV-2 infection, which might be used in therapeutic protocols alone or in combination with chemically synthetized drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif Jamal Siddiqui
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail PO Box 2440, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (R.B.); (M.S.); (M.A.)
- Correspondence: (A.J.S.); (C.D.); Tel.: +40-744-648-855 (C.D.)
| | - Corina Danciu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Correspondence: (A.J.S.); (C.D.); Tel.: +40-744-648-855 (C.D.)
| | - Syed Amir Ashraf
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, Hail PO Box 2440, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Afrasim Moin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail PO Box 2440, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ritu Singh
- Department of Environmental Sciences, School of Earth Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan 305817, India;
| | - Mousa Alreshidi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail PO Box 2440, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (R.B.); (M.S.); (M.A.)
| | - Mitesh Patel
- Bapalal Vaidya Botanical Research Centre, Department of Biosciences, Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Surat, Gujarat 395007, India;
| | - Sadaf Jahan
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majma’ah 15341, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sanjeev Kumar
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi 835205, India;
| | - Mulfi I. M. Alkhinjar
- Saudi Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Al Aarid, King Abdulaziz Rd, Riyadh 13354, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Riadh Badraoui
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail PO Box 2440, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (R.B.); (M.S.); (M.A.)
- Section of Histology-Cytology, Medicine College of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, La Rabta-Tunis 1007, Tunisia
- Laboratory of Histo-Embryology and Cytogenetic, Medicine College of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3029, Tunisia
| | - Mejdi Snoussi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail PO Box 2440, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (R.B.); (M.S.); (M.A.)
- Laboratory of Genetics, Biodiversity and Valorization of Bio-Resources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Mohd Adnan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail PO Box 2440, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (R.B.); (M.S.); (M.A.)
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Piccolella S, Crescente G, Faramarzi S, Formato M, Pecoraro MT, Pacifico S. Polyphenols vs. Coronaviruses: How Far Has Research Moved Forward? Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25184103. [PMID: 32911757 PMCID: PMC7570460 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The epidemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2 at the beginning of 2020, led us to a serious change in our lifestyle that for about three months has confined us to our homes, far from our laboratory routine. In this period, the belief that the work of a researcher should never stop has been the driving force in writing the present paper. It aims at reviewing the recent scientific knowledge about in vitro experimental data that focused on the antiviral role of phenols and polyphenols against different species of coronaviruses (CoVs), pointing up the viral targets potentially involved. In the current literature scenario, the papain-like and the 3-chymotrypsin-like proteases seem to be the most deeply investigated and a number of isolated natural (poly)phenols has been screened for their efficacy.
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Bhuiyan FR, Howlader S, Raihan T, Hasan M. Plants Metabolites: Possibility of Natural Therapeutics Against the COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:444. [PMID: 32850918 PMCID: PMC7427128 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19, a disease induced by SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2), has been the cause of a worldwide pandemic. Though extensive research works have been reported in recent days on the development of effective therapeutics against this global health crisis, there is still no approved therapy against SARS-CoV-2. In the present study, plant-synthesized secondary metabolites (PSMs) have been prioritized to make a review focusing on the efficacy of plant-originated therapeutics for the treatment of COVID-19. Plant metabolites are a source of countless medicinal compounds, while the diversity of multidimensional chemical structures has made them superior to treat serious diseases. Some have already been reported as promising alternative medicines and lead compounds for drug repurposing and discovery. The versatility of secondary metabolites may provide novel antibiotics to tackle MDR (Multi-Drug Resistant) microbes too. This review attempted to find out plant metabolites that have the therapeutic potential to treat a wide range of viral pathogens. The study includes the search of remedies belonging to plant families, susceptible viral candidates, antiviral assays, and the mode of therapeutic action; this attempt resulted in the collection of an enormous number of natural therapeutics that might be suggested for the treatment of COVID-19. About 219 plants from 83 families were found to have antiviral activity. Among them, 149 plants from 71 families were screened for the identification of the major plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) that might be effective for this pandemic. Our investigation revealed that the proposed plant metabolites can serve as potential anti- SARS-CoV-2 lead molecules for further optimization and drug development processes to combat COVID-19 and future pandemics caused by viruses. This review will stimulate further analysis by the scientific community and boost antiviral plant-based research followed by novel drug designing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhana Rumzum Bhuiyan
- Department of Botany, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Department of Botany, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Sabbir Howlader
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Topu Raihan
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Mahmudul Hasan
- Department of Pharmaceuticals and Industrial Biotechnology, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh
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Zhang Z, Morris‐Natschke SL, Cheng Y, Lee K, Li R. Development of anti‐influenza agents from natural products. Med Res Rev 2020; 40:2290-2338. [DOI: 10.1002/med.21707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi‐Jun Zhang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming China
| | - Susan L. Morris‐Natschke
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill North Carolina USA
| | - Yung‐Yi Cheng
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill North Carolina USA
| | - Kuo‐Hsiung Lee
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill North Carolina USA
- Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center China Medical University and Hospital Taichung Taiwan
| | - Rong‐Tao Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming China
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Zhang DW, Luo RH, Xu L, Yang LM, Xu XS, Zheng YT, Luo H. Natural-product-library-based screening for discovery of capsid C-terminal domain targeted HIV-1 inhibitors. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2020; 55:105926. [PMID: 32092396 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) can effectively suppress replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and limit disease progression. However, ART is unable to eradicate the virus, and the requirement for lifelong treatment may have side effects and may lead to the development of resistance. New approaches to prevent and treat HIV-1 infection should therefore be developed. HIV-1 capsid (CA) protein is an unexploited but attractive target for antiviral drug development. The hydrophobic cavity of the C-terminal domain of CA (CA CTD) has been validated as a potential target for antiviral drugs. Binding of compounds to this conserved non-polar groove in CA CTD allosterically disrupts the CA assembly. This study screened 2080 natural products to identify potential antiviral agents for further development to combat HIV-1 infection. From the primary screen at a fixed concentration of 50 µM, 16 compounds were found to be effective against this target. Six compounds observed in the primary screen were confirmed in dose-response experiments, and were tested against HIV-1-induced cytopathic effects. Two compounds were found to inhibit HIV-1 replication, and the most active compound - rubranol - inhibited viral replication at a moderate micromolar concentration (EC50 = 15.85 μM). The binding modes of rubranol and hirsutanonol to CA CTD were analysed by molecular docking, providing insight for the design of drugs targeting HIV-1 CA. This study reports, for the first time, identification of natural products that showed potential as anti-HIV-1 agents by targeting the conserved hydrophobic cavity of HIV-1 CA CTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Wei Zhang
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou, China
| | - Rong-Hua Luo
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province/Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, the National Kunming High Level Biosafety Research Center for Nonhuman Primates, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou, China
| | - Liu-Meng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province/Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, the National Kunming High Level Biosafety Research Center for Nonhuman Primates, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiao-Shuang Xu
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou, China
| | - Yong-Tang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province/Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, the National Kunming High Level Biosafety Research Center for Nonhuman Primates, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
| | - Heng Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.
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Daniel-Jambun D, Ong KS, Lim YY, Tan JBL, Yap SW, Lee SM. Bactericidal and cytotoxic activity of a diarylheptanoid (etlingerin) isolated from a ginger (Etlingera pubescens) endemic to Borneo. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 127:59-67. [PMID: 31006174 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial activities of Etlingera pubescens, and to isolate and identify the antimicrobial compound. METHODS AND RESULTS The crude extracts of E. pubescens were obtained through methanol extraction, and evaluated for antimicrobial activities. From this extract, 1,7-bis(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)heptan-3-yl acetate (etlingerin) was isolated. When compared to curcumin (a compound with a similar chemical structure), etlingerin showed twofold lower minimum inhibitory concentration values while also being bactericidal. Through time kill assay, etlingerin showed rapid killing effects (as fast as 60 min) against the Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 43300 and Bacillus subtilis ATCC 8188). Further assessment revealed that etlingerin caused leakage of intracellular materials, therefore suggesting alteration in membrane permeability as its antimicrobial mechanism. Cytotoxicity study demonstrated that etlingerin exhibited approximately 5- to 12-fold higher IC50 values against several cell lines, as compared to curcumin. CONCLUSIONS Etlingerin isolated from E. pubescens showed better antibacterial and cytotoxic activities when compared to curcumin. Etlingerin could be safe for human use, though further cytotoxicity study using animal models is needed. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Etlingerin has a potential to be used in treating bacterial infections due to its good antimicrobial activity, while having potentially low cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Daniel-Jambun
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - K S Ong
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
- Tropical Medicine and Biology, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Y Y Lim
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - J B L Tan
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - S W Yap
- Conservation and Environmental Management Division, Menara Tun Mustapha, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - S M Lee
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
- Tropical Medicine and Biology, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
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Motiur Rahman AFM, Lu Y, Lee HJ, Jo H, Yin W, Alam MS, Cha H, Kadi AA, Kwon Y, Jahng Y. Linear diarylheptanoids as potential anticancer therapeutics: synthesis, biological evaluation, and structure–activity relationship studies. Arch Pharm Res 2018; 41:1131-1148. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-018-1004-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Yang EJ, An JH, Son YK, Yeo JH, Song KS. The Cytotoxic Constituents ofBetula platyphyllaand their Effects on Human Lung A549 Cancer Cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.20307/nps.2018.24.4.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Ju Yang
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Hee An
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn Kyoung Son
- Biological and Genetic Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Hong Yeo
- Biological and Genetic Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Sik Song
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
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Ren X, He T, Chang Y, Zhao Y, Chen X, Bai S, Wang L, Shen M, She G. The Genus Alnus, A Comprehensive Outline of Its Chemical Constituents and Biological Activities. Molecules 2017; 22:E1383. [PMID: 28825681 PMCID: PMC6152317 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22081383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The genus Alnus (Betulaceae) is comprised of more than 40 species. Many species of this genus have a long history of use in folk medicines. Phytochemical investigations have revealed the presence of diarylheptanoids, polyphenols, flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids and other compounds. Diarylheptanoids, natural products with a 1,7-diphenylheptane structural skeleton, are the dominant constituents in the genus, whose anticancer effect has been brought into focus. Pure compounds and crude extracts from the genus exhibit a wide spectrum of pharmacological activities both in vitro and in vivo. This paper compiles 273 naturally occurring compounds from the genus Alnus along with their structures and pharmacological activities, as reported in 138 references.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyang Ren
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China.
| | - Ting He
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China.
| | - Yanli Chang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China.
| | - Yicheng Zhao
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China.
| | - Xiaoyi Chen
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China.
| | - Shaojuan Bai
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China.
| | - Le Wang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China.
| | - Meng Shen
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China.
| | - Gaimei She
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China.
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Barbosa GB, Jayasinghe NS, Natera SHA, Inutan ED, Peteros NP, Roessner U. From common to rare Zingiberaceae plants - A metabolomics study using GC-MS. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2017; 140:141-150. [PMID: 28499256 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Zingiberaceae plants, commonly known as gingers, have been popular for their medicinal and culinary uses since time immemorial. In spite of their numerous health-promoting applications, many Zingiberaceae plants still receive no scientific attention. Moreover, existing reports mostly focused only on the Zingiberaceae rhizomes. Here, untargeted metabolite profiling using Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to compare the metabolic composition of leaves and rhizomes of the more common gingers, Zingiber officinale Rosc. (ZO), Curcuma longa L. (CL), and Etlingera elatior (Jack) R.M. Smith (EE), and the rare gingers, Amomum muricarpum Elmer (AM), Etlingera philippinensis (Ridl.) R.M. Smith (EP), and Hornstedtia conoidea Ridl. (HC). Principal component analysis (PCA) demonstrated that different species show substantial chemical differentiation and revealed potential markers among the different Zingiberaceae plants. Interestingly, the leaves of AM, CL, EE, EP, and HC had significantly higher levels of chlorogenic acid than ZO. Moreover, rhizomes of EP and HC were found to contain significantly higher levels of amino acids than ZO. Sugars and organic acids were generally less abundant in ZO leaves and rhizomes than in the other gingers. The leaves of EP and rhizomes of AM were found most similar to the leaves and rhizomes of common gingers, respectively. Results of this study provide significant baseline information on assessing the possible usage of the leaves of common gingers and further propagation and exploration of EP and AM. This study, being the first metabolomics report on rare plants such as AM, EP and HC, affirms the usefulness of untargeted metabolite profiling in exploring under-investigated plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina B Barbosa
- Chemistry Department, College of Arts and Sciences, Central Mindanao University, University Town, Musuan, Maramag, Bukidnon, 8710, Philippines
| | | | - Siria H A Natera
- Metabolomics Australia, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Ellen D Inutan
- Chemistry Department, College of Science and Mathematics, Mindanao State University, Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City, 9200, Philippines
| | - Nonita P Peteros
- Chemistry Department, College of Science and Mathematics, Mindanao State University, Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City, 9200, Philippines
| | - Ute Roessner
- Metabolomics Australia, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
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Dong GZ, Jeong JH, Lee YI, Han YE, Shin JS, Kim YJ, Jeon R, Kim YH, Park TJ, Kim KI, Ryu JH. A lignan induces lysosomal dependent degradation of FoxM1 protein to suppress β-catenin nuclear translocation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45951. [PMID: 28378765 PMCID: PMC5380986 DOI: 10.1038/srep45951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer is one of the most common cancers. In this study, we isolated a lignan [(−)-(2R,3R)-1,4-O-diferuloylsecoisolariciresinol, DFS] from Alnus japonica (Betulaceae) and investigated its biological activity and mechanism of action on colon cancer. DFS reduced the viability of colon cancer cells and induced cell cycle arrest. DFS also suppressed β-catenin nuclear translocation and β-catenin target gene expression through a reduction in FoxM1 protein. To assess the mechanism of the action of DFS, we investigated the effect of DFS on endogenous and exogenous FoxM1 protein degradation in colon cancer cells. DFS-induced FoxM1 protein degradation was suppressed by lysosomal inhibitors, chloroquine and bafilomycin A1, but not by knock-down of proteasomal proteins. The mechanism of DFS for FoxM1 degradation is lysosomal dependent, which was not reported before. Furthermore, we found that FoxM1 degradation was partially lysosomal-dependent under normal conditions. These observations indicate that DFS from A. japonica suppresses colon cancer cell proliferation by reducing β-catenin nuclear translocation. DFS induces lysosomal-dependent FoxM1 protein degradation. This is the first report on the lysosomal degradation of FoxM1 by a small molecule. DFS may be useful in treating cancers that feature the elevated expression of FoxM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Zhi Dong
- Research Center for Cell Fate Control and College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Korea
| | - Ji Hye Jeong
- Research Center for Cell Fate Control and College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Korea
| | - Yu-Ih Lee
- Research Center for Cell Fate Control and College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Korea
| | - Yeong Eun Han
- Research Center for Cell Fate Control and College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Korea
| | - Jung Sook Shin
- Research Center for Cell Fate Control and College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Korea
| | - Yoon-Jung Kim
- Research Center for Cell Fate Control and College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Korea
| | - Raok Jeon
- Research Center for Cell Fate Control and College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Korea
| | - Young Hwa Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Korea
| | - Tae Jun Park
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Korea
| | - Keun Il Kim
- Department of Biological Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Korea
| | - Jae-Ha Ryu
- Research Center for Cell Fate Control and College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Korea
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Sajid M, Khan MR, Shah SA, Majid M, Ismail H, Maryam S, Batool R, Younis T. Investigations on anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of Alnus nitida Spach (Endl). stem bark in Sprague Dawley rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 198:407-416. [PMID: 28119101 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Stem bark of Alnus nitida (Spach) Endl. (family Betulaceae) is used by local communities in northern areas of Pakistan as a remedy for swelling, injuries and pain. However no pharmacological study of this plant has been reported to confirm these activities. In this study anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect of A. nitida stem bark have been evaluated. METHODS Powder of the stem bark of A. nitida was extracted with methanol (ANBM) and partitioned in escalating polarity to get the n-hexane (ANBH), chloroform (ANBC), ethyl acetate (ANBE) and the residual soluble aqueous (ANBA) fractions. The methanol extract and derived fractions were evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity by using in vitro heat induced albumin denaturation assay and various in vivo assays; carrageenan-induced hind paw edema method, Freunds' complete adjuvant induced arthritis, histamine induced paw edema and xylene induced ear edema in Sprague Dawley rat. The extracts/fractions were also evaluated for analgesic effects by using hot plate analgesic test and acetic acid induced writhing test in rat. The ANBM composition was analyzed by HPLC-DAD and GC-MS analysis. RESULTS Results of heat induced albumin denaturation activity indicated that among the extract/fractions ANBC at concentration range of 100-500µg/ml remarkably protected the heat induced albumin denaturation. The pretreatment with ANBC significantly reduced the carrageenan induced edema with 90.81±1.6% after 4h, comparing with 86.63±3.42% reduction produced by the reference drug diclofenac potassium. Histopathological alterations of the gastric and hind paw were decreased with the extract/fractions. Furthermore, anti-inflammatory effects of ANBC were evident in Freunds' complete adjuvant induced arthritis, histamine induced paw edema and xylene induced ear edema. The latency time in hot plate analgesic assay with ANBC (61.59±0.38%) after 90min was comparable to standard drug morphine (69.31±2.67%) and aspirin (67.24±2.08%). Similarly ANBC significantly (p<0.01) inhibited the pain sensation in acetic acid induced writhing test in rat. HPLC-DAD analysis of ANBM indicated the presence of gallic acid, catechin and rutin while the GC-MS analysis of ANBM indicated the presence of 30 compounds predominantly of neophytadiene, 3,7,11,15 tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol, phytol, vitamin E and linalool. CONCLUSION The results of this study suggested that the presence of polyphenols, sterols, terpenoids and other constituents might contributed towards the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of the crude methanol extract of A. nitida bark and its derived fractions. This study endorsed the folklore use of A. nitida bark for inflammation related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moniba Sajid
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Rashid Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
| | - Sayed Afzal Shah
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Majid
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
| | - Hammad Ismail
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gujrat, 50700 Gujrat, Pakistan.
| | - Sonia Maryam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
| | - Riffat Batool
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
| | - Tahira Younis
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
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Sajid M, Khan MR, Shah NA, Shah SA, Ismail H, Younis T, Zahra Z. Phytochemical, antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of Alnus nitida bark in carbon tetrachloride challenged Sprague Dawley rats. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 16:268. [PMID: 27488054 PMCID: PMC4972964 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1245-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alnus nitida (Spach) Endl. is traditionally used for inflammatory disorders. Diarylheptanoids constituents having diverse therapeutically importance including hepato-protective was reported in A. nitida. The aim of this study was to explore the antioxidant and hepato-protective profile of A. nitida stem bark's crude methanol extract (ANM). METHODS Crude methanol extract of A. nitida stem bark and its derived fractions were assessed for phytochemical classes and in vitro antioxidant profiling by multidimensional assays. Hepato-protective assessment of ANM was investigated on rats, which were made hepatotoxic using carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Additionally HPLC-DAD analysis of ANM, and its derived ethyl acetate and aqueous fraction was carried out to determine the presence of active constituents. RESULTS Qualitative analysis of crude extract-and its fractions depicted the presence of terpenoids, saponins, coumarins, phenols and flavonoids. Maximum quantity of total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) was recorded in ANM and its derived fractions; n-hexane (ANH), chloroform (ANC), ethyl acetate (ANE) and the residual aqueous (ANA). ANM exhibited the best total antioxidant capacity, total reducing power, and scavenging of DPPH and OH radicals. ANE and ANA exhibited strong scavenging potential for iron chelation, nitric oxide and β-carotene bleaching assay. ANM treatment converse the activities of serum-marker enzymes and lipid profile, altered by CCl4 treatment in rat. CCl4 induced hepatic-cirrhosis in rat resulted in decrease of antioxidant enzyme activities such as catalase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase and glutathione reductase-which were restored towards the normal level with ANM. Similarly diminished level of reduced glutathione while enhanced level of lipid peroxides, hydrogen peroxide and nitrite in liver of cirrhotic rats was normalized by treatment of ANM. The histopathological studies of liver tissues also represented that ANM possessed the hepato-protective activity. HPLC-DAD analysis against eight known standards confirmed the presence of gallic acid, catechin and rutin in ANM and in ANA while in ANE gallic acid was only detected. CONCLUSION Based on the results of antioxidants, restoration of various antioxidant enzymes and histopathological studies, the recent study concludes that antioxidant potential of A. nitida bark might protect the liver damages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moniba Sajid
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rashid Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Naseer Ali Shah
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sayed Afzal Shah
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Hammad Ismail
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gujrat, 50700 Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Tahira Younis
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Zartash Zahra
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Saxena A, Yadav D, Mohanty S, Cheema HS, Gupta MM, Darokar MP, Bawankule DU. Diarylheptanoids Rich Fraction of Alnus nepalensis Attenuates Malaria Pathogenesis: In-vitro and In-vivo Study. Phytother Res 2016; 30:940-8. [PMID: 26969854 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Revised: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Diarylheptanoids from Alnus nepalensis leaves have been reported for promising activity against filariasis, a mosquito-borne disease, and this has prompted us to investigate its anti-malarial and safety profile using in-vitro and in-vivo bioassays. A. nepalensis leaf extracts were tested in-vitro against chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium falciparum NF54 by measuring the parasite specific lactate dehydrogenase activity. Among all, the chloroform extract (ANC) has shown promising anti-plasmodial activity (IC50 8.06 ± 0.26 µg/mL). HPLC analysis of ANC showed the presence of diarylheptanoids. Efficacy and safety of ANC were further validated in in-vivo system using Plasmodium berghei-induced malaria model and acute oral toxicity in mice. Malaria was induced by intra-peritoneal injection of P. berghei infected red blood cells to the female Balb/c mice. ANC was administered orally at doses of 100 and 300 mg/kg/day following Peter's 4 day suppression test. Oral administration of ANC showed significant reduction of parasitaemia and increase in mean survival time. It also attributed to inhibition of the parasite induced pro-inflammatory cytokines as well as afford to significant increase in the blood glucose and haemoglobin level when compared with vehicle-treated infected mice. In-vivo safety evaluation study revealed that ANC is non-toxic at higher concentration. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archana Saxena
- Molecular Bioprospection Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Deepti Yadav
- Analytical Chemistry Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Shilpa Mohanty
- Molecular Bioprospection Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Harveer Singh Cheema
- Molecular Bioprospection Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Madan M Gupta
- Analytical Chemistry Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Mahendra P Darokar
- Molecular Bioprospection Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Dnyaneshwar U Bawankule
- Molecular Bioprospection Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
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Dinić J, Novaković M, Podolski-Renić A, Vajs V, Tešević V, Isaković A, Pešić M. Structural differences in diarylheptanoids analogues from Alnus viridis and Alnus glutinosa influence their activity and selectivity towards cancer cells. Chem Biol Interact 2016; 249:36-45. [PMID: 26944434 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2016.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Diarylheptanoids represent a group of plant secondary metabolites that possess multiple biological properties and are increasingly recognized for their therapeutic potential. A comparative study was performed on structurally analogous diarylheptanoids isolated from the bark of green (Alnus viridis) and black alder (Alnus glutinosa) to address their biological effects and determine structure-activity relationship. The structures and configurations of all compounds were elucidated by NMR, HR-ESI-MS, UV and IR. Diarylheptanoids actions were studied in human non-small cell lung carcinoma cells (NCI-H460) and normal keratinocytes (HaCaT). A. viridis compounds 3v, 5v, 8v and 9v that possess a carbonyl group at C-3 were considerably more potent than compounds without this group. A. viridis/A. glutinosa analogue pairs, 5v/5g and 9v/9g, which differ in the presence of 3' and 3″-OH groups, were evaluated for anticancer activity and selectivity. 5v and 9v that do not possess 3' and 3″-OH groups showed significantly higher cytotoxicity compared to analogues 5g and 9g. In addition, these two A. viridis compounds induced a more prominent apoptosis in both cell lines and an increase in subG0 cell cycle phase, compared to their A. glutinosa analogues. 5v and 9v treatment triggered intracellular superoxide anion accumulation and notably decreased mitochondrial transmembrane potential. In HaCaT cells, 9v and 9g with a 4,5 double bond caused a more prominent loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential compared to 5v and 5g which possess a 5-methoxy group instead. Although green alder diarylheptanoids 5v and 9v displayed higher cytotoxicity, their analogues from black alder 5g and 9g could be more favorable for therapeutic use since they were more active in cancer cells than in normal keratinocytes. These results indicate that minor differences in the chemical structure can greatly influence the effect of diarylheptanoids on apoptosis and redox status and determine their selectivity towards cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Dinić
- Institute for Biological Research, Department of Neurobiology, University of Belgrade, Despota Stefana 142, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Miroslav Novaković
- Institute for Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Studentski Trg 12-16, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ana Podolski-Renić
- Institute for Biological Research, Department of Neurobiology, University of Belgrade, Despota Stefana 142, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vlatka Vajs
- Institute for Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Studentski Trg 12-16, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vele Tešević
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski Trg 12-16, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Isaković
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Doktora Subotića 8, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Pešić
- Institute for Biological Research, Department of Neurobiology, University of Belgrade, Despota Stefana 142, Belgrade, Serbia
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Saxena A, Yadav D, Maurya AK, Kumar A, Mohanty S, Gupta MM, Lingaraju MC, Yatoo MI, Thakur US, Bawankule DU. Diarylheptanoids from Alnus nepalensis attenuates LPS-induced inflammation in macrophages and endotoxic shock in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2015; 30:129-136. [PMID: 26679675 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Diarylheptanoids, a group of plant secondary metabolites are increasingly recognized as potential therapeutic agents. The aim of study was to ascertain the anti-inflammatory profile of diarylheptanoids from Alnus nepalensis against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in macrophages and endotoxic shock in mice. Extracts prepared from dried leaves of A. nepalensis using standard solvents were tested against LPS-induced inflammation in macrophages. Among all, butanol extract (ANB) has shown most significant inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines without any cytotoxicity. HPLC analysis of ANB showed the presence of diarylheptanoids. The diarylheptanoids were further isolated and tested in-vitro for anti-inflammatory activity. Treatment of isolated diarylheptanoids (HOG, ORE and PLS) was able to reduce the production and mRNA level of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6). Furthermore, we demonstrated that it inhibited the expression of NF-kB protein in LPS-induced inflammation in macrophages. In-vivo efficacy and safety profile of ANB revealed that oral treatment of ANB was able to improve the survival rate, and inhibited the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in serum, attenuated vital organ injury in a dose dependent manner without any toxic effect at higher dose in mice. The results suggest that diarylheptanoids from A. nepalensis can be considered as potential therapeutic candidates for the management of inflammation related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archana Saxena
- Molecular Bioprospection Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, India
| | - Deepti Yadav
- Analytical Chemistry Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, India
| | - Anil K Maurya
- Molecular Bioprospection Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, India
| | - Anant Kumar
- Molecular Bioprospection Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, India
| | - Shilpa Mohanty
- Molecular Bioprospection Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, India
| | - Madan M Gupta
- Analytical Chemistry Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, India
| | - Madhu C Lingaraju
- Department of Pharmacology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122, India
| | - M I Yatoo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122, India
| | - Uttam S Thakur
- Department of Pharmacology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122, India
| | - Dnyaneshwar U Bawankule
- Molecular Bioprospection Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, India.
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Chen M, Hu D, Li X, Yang S, Zhang W, Li P, Song B. Antiviral activity and interaction mechanisms study of novel glucopyranoside derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:3840-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.07.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Revised: 07/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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25
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Dinić J, Ranđelović T, Stanković T, Dragoj M, Isaković A, Novaković M, Pešić M. Chemo-protective and regenerative effects of diarylheptanoids from the bark of black alder (Alnus glutinosa) in human normal keratinocytes. Fitoterapia 2015; 105:169-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2015.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Revised: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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26
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Sung SH, Lee M. Anti-adipogenic activity of a new cyclic diarylheptanoid isolated from Alnus japonica on 3T3-L1 cells via modulation of PPARγ, C/EBPα and SREBP1c signaling. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:4648-51. [PMID: 26341132 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Revised: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Total methanolic extract of Alnus japonica fruits exhibited significant anti-adipogenic activities in 3T3-L1 cells. A new cyclic diarylheptanoid (1) along with ten known compounds (2-11) were isolated by activity-guided fractionation. Compound 1, determined to be 4-hydroxy-alnus-3,5-dione, showed the most potent anti-adipogenic effect. Compound 1 significantly down-regulated expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α (C/EBPα), and sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP1c) in 3T3-L1 cells, as determined by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot analysis. Furthermore, compound 1 suppressed mRNA expression of C/EBPβ and C/EBPδ during the early stage of adipogenesis as well as stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase 1 (SCD-1) and fatty acid synthase (FAS), target genes of SREBP1c. Upon investigating the mechanism of natural products, we propose that cyclic diarylheptanoid (1), the most potent constituent of A. japonica, can be a potent therapeutic agent against obesity through anti-adipogenesis via down-regulation of PPARγ, C/EBPα, and SREBP1c signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hyun Sung
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Seoul National University, 1, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mina Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Seoul National University, 1, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea; College of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, 255 Jungang-ro, Suncheon-si, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea.
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27
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Ibrahim SR, Fouad MA, Abdel-Lateff A, Okino T, Mohamed GA. Alnuheptanoid A: a new diarylheptanoid derivative from Alnus japonica. Nat Prod Res 2014; 28:1765-71. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2014.947489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrin R.M. Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al Madinah Al Munawwarah, 30078, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt
| | - Mostafa A. Fouad
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519, Minia, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Abdel-Lateff
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519, Minia, Egypt
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Tatsufumi Okino
- Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan
| | - Gamal A. Mohamed
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, 71524, Egypt
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28
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Novaković M, Stanković M, Vučković I, Todorović N, Trifunović S, Apostolović D, Mandić B, Veljić M, Marin P, Tešević V, Vajs V, Milosavljević S. Diarylheptanoids from Green Alder Bark and Their Potential for DNA Protection. Chem Biodivers 2014; 11:872-85. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201300277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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29
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Novaković M, Pešić M, Trifunović S, Vučković I, Todorović N, Podolski-Renić A, Dinić J, Stojković S, Tešević V, Vajs V, Milosavljević S. Diarylheptanoids from the bark of black alder inhibit the growth of sensitive and multi-drug resistant non-small cell lung carcinoma cells. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2014; 97:46-54. [PMID: 24290194 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2013.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Revised: 10/25/2013] [Accepted: 11/03/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
An extended study of minor diarylheptanoids from the bark of black alder has resulted in the isolation of twenty diarylheptanoids, ten of which have not previously been reported (14-18, 20-24). The structures and configurations of all compounds were elucidated by NMR, HRESIMS, UV, IR, and CD. The anti-cancer potency of twenty diarylheptanoids and four previously isolated compounds (7, 10, 12, 13) was investigated in human non-small cell lung carcinoma cell lines (sensitive and multi-drug resistant variants) as well as in normal human keratinocytes. Diarylheptanoids with a p-coumaroyl group, 14 and 18, platyphylloside (1), platyphyllonol-5-O-β-D-xylopyranoside (2), alnuside B (4) and hirsutenone (9) exhibited strong anti-cancer activity, considerably higher than diarylheptanoid curcumin, which served as a positive control. Compounds 4, 9, 14, and 18 displayed significant selectivity towards the cancer cells. Structure/activity analysis of twenty-four closely related diarylheptanoids revealed a high dependence of cytotoxic action on the presence of a carbonyl group at C-3. Substitution of a heptane chain on C-5 and a number of hydroxyl groups in the aromatic rings also emerged as a significant structural feature that influenced their cytotoxic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Novaković
- Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11058 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Milica Pešić
- Institute for Biological Research, Department of Neurobiology, University of Belgrade, Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Snežana Trifunović
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11058 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivan Vučković
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11058 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nina Todorović
- Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11058 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ana Podolski-Renić
- Institute for Biological Research, Department of Neurobiology, University of Belgrade, Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Dinić
- Institute for Biological Research, Department of Neurobiology, University of Belgrade, Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sonja Stojković
- Institute for Biological Research, Department of Neurobiology, University of Belgrade, Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vele Tešević
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11058 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vlatka Vajs
- Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11058 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Slobodan Milosavljević
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11058 Belgrade, Serbia
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30
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Yadav D, Gupta MM. Simultaneous Quantification of Diarylheptanoids in Alnus nepalensis Using a Validated HPTLC Method. J Chromatogr Sci 2013; 52:905-10. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmt115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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31
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Yadav D, Singh SC, Verma RK, Saxena K, Verma R, Murthy PK, Gupta MM. Antifilarial diarylheptanoids from Alnus nepalensis leaves growing in high altitude areas of Uttarakhand, India. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 20:124-132. [PMID: 23219341 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2012.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2012] [Revised: 10/25/2012] [Accepted: 10/29/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Lymphatic filariasis continues to be a major health problem in tropical and subtropical countries. A macrofilaricidal agent capable of eliminating adult filarial parasites is urgently needed. Platyphyllenone (A), alusenone (B), hirustenone (C) and hirsutanonol (D) are important biologically active diarylheptanoids present in Alnus nepalensis. In the present study, we report the antifilarial activity in diarylheptanoids isolated from the leaves of A. nepalensis. Out of four compounds (A-D) tested in vitro one has shown promising anti-filarial activity both in vitro and in vivo studies. This is the first ever report on antifilarial efficacy of a compound of the plant and warrants further studies around this scaffold. In addition, a sensitive, selective and robust densitometric high-performance thin-layer chromatographic method was developed and validated for the above four biomarker compounds. The separation was performed on silica gel 60F(254) high-performance thin layer chromatography plates using chloroform:methanol (9:1, v/v) as mobile phase. The quantitation of marker compounds was carried out using densitometric reflection/absorption mode at 600 nm after post-chromatographic derivatization using vanillin-sulfuric acid reagent. The method was validated for peak purity, precision, robustness, limit of detection (LOD) and quantitation (LOQ) etc., as per the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepti Yadav
- Analytical Chemistry Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
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Sati SC, Sati N, Sati OP. Bioactive constituents and medicinal importance of genus Alnus. Pharmacogn Rev 2012; 5:174-83. [PMID: 22279375 PMCID: PMC3263052 DOI: 10.4103/0973-7847.91115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2010] [Revised: 02/22/2011] [Accepted: 12/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Alnus has been reviewed for its chemical constituents and biological activities including traditional importance of some common species. The plants of this genus contain terpenoids, flavonoids, diarylheptanoids, phenols, steroids, and tannins. Diarylheptanoids are the dominant constituents within the genus Alnus, few of them exhibited antioxidant effects and inhibitory activity against nuclear factor kappaB activation, nitric oxide and tumor necrosis factor-α production, human umbilical vein endothelial cells, farnesyl protein transferase, cell-mediated low-density lipoprotein oxidation, HIF-1 in AGS cells, and the HIV-1-induced cytopathic effect in MT-4 cells. Some ellagitannines showed hepatoprotective activity even in a dose of 1 mg/kg which is ten-fold smaller compared with the dose of traditional flavonoid-based drugs. The members of genus Alnus are well known for their traditional uses in the treatment of various diseases like cancer, hepatitis, inflammation of uterus, uterine cancer, rheumatism, dysentery, stomachache, diarrhea, fever, etc. The aim of the present review is to summarize the various researches related to the chemistry and pharmacology of genus Alnus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushil Chandra Sati
- Department of Chemistry, H.N.B. Garhwal University, Srinagar Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India
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Park JY, Jeong HJ, Kim JH, Kim YM, Park SJ, Kim D, Park KH, Lee WS, Ryu YB. Diarylheptanoids from Alnus japonica inhibit papain-like protease of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. Biol Pharm Bull 2012; 35:2036-42. [PMID: 22971649 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b12-00623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The papain-like protease (PL(pro)), which controls replication of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), has been identified as a potential drug target for the treatment of SARS. An intensive hunt for effective anti-SARS drugs has been undertaken by screening for natural product inhibitors that target SARS-CoV PL(pro). In this study, diarylheptanoids 1-9 were isolated from Alnus japonica, and the inhibitory activities of these compounds against PL(pro) were determined. Of the isolated diarylheptanoids, hirsutenone (2) showed the most potent PL(pro) inhibitory activity, with an inhibitory concentration (IC(50)) value of 4.1 µM. Structure-activity analysis showed that catechol and α,β-unsaturated carbonyl moiety in the molecule were the key requirement for SARS-CoV cysteine protease inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Young Park
- Infection Control Material Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup 580–185, Republic of Korea
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34
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Dao TT, Nguyen PH, Won HK, Kim EH, Park J, Won BY, Oh WK. Curcuminoids from Curcuma longa and their inhibitory activities on influenza A neuraminidases. Food Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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35
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Lai YC, Chen CK, Lin WW, Lee SS. A comprehensive investigation of anti-inflammatory diarylheptanoids from the leaves of Alnus formosana. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2012; 73:84-94. [PMID: 21388646 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2011.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2010] [Revised: 10/20/2010] [Accepted: 02/07/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
This study was aimed to investigate thoroughly the diarylheptanoids in the n-BuOH soluble fraction of leaves of Alnus formosana in order to examine their anti-inflammatory activities. The application of HPLC-SPE-NMR as a preliminary chemical screening led to characterization of eleven compounds. Further separation resulted in isolation of 28 compounds, of which 10 diarylheptanoids and 2-coumaroylxyloside are new natural products. Compound 1 and alnuside A (27) were found to possess good activities against LPS-induced NO production with respective IC(50) values of 7.99 and 8.08 μM, and which were devoid of significant cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chun Lai
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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36
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Aguilar MI, Rovelo R, Verjan JG, Illescas O, Baeza AE, De La Fuente M, Avila I, Navarrete A. Anti-inflammatory activities, triterpenoids, and diarylheptanoids of Alnus acuminata ssp. arguta. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2011; 49:1052-1057. [PMID: 21595588 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2011.564634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The main use of stem bark infusions of Alnus acuminata ssp. arguta (Schlecht.) Furlow (Betulaceae) includes treatments for acute inflammation in Mexican traditional medicine. OBJECTIVE n-Hexane (CHE), chloroform (CCE), and methanol (CME) extracts of the stem bark were investigated for anti-inflammatory activity and its safety. MATERIALS AND METHODS The anti-inflammatory effects of the orally administered CME, CCE, and CHE extracts, using carrageenan-induced rat hind paw edema model, and acute oral toxicity in mice, using Lorke's method, were determined. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The column chromatographic fraction (CME-3) showed a higher anti-inflammatory activity (92.2%) (IC(50): 60.8 mg/mL) as compared with CME (76.9%); both were in the same order of magnitude as that of indomethacin, the positive control drug. Safety parameters for acute oral toxicity test showed that CME was not toxic (LD(50): >5000). Several triterpenoids (1-7) from hexane extracts and diarylheptanoids (10-14) from methanol extracts of A. acuminata ssp. arguta were isolated and characterized. CONCLUSIONS These results confirm the traditional uses of A. acuminata in acute inflammatory conditions and its safety for consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- María I Aguilar
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Farmacia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria Coyoacan, México D.F., México
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Tung NH, Ra JC, Sohn DH, Kim YH. A new diarylheptanoid from the bark of Alnus japonica. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2010; 12:921-924. [PMID: 20924906 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2010.507196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A new diarylheptanoid, epihirsutanonol (1), was isolated from the bark of Alnus japonica, along with two known ones (2 and 3). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic evidence. The new compound 1 showed significant hepatoprotective activity on the basis of t-butylhydroperoxide-induced hepatocyte injury in vitro assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Huu Tung
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
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38
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Abstract
Diarylheptanoids, natural products with a 1,7-diphenylheptane structural skeleton, are mainly distributed in the roots, rhizomes and bark of Alpinia, Zingiber, Curcuma and Alnus species. They have become of interest in natural product research over the past twenty years because of their remarkable anticancer, anti-emetic, estrogenic, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. This paper compiles all 307 naturally occurring diarylheptanoids from 46 plants as reported in 137 references with their distributions, physiological activities and 13C-NMR spectral data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haining Lv
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Gaimei She
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
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