1
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Trojniak AE, Dang VQ, Czekner KM, Russo RJ, Mather LM, Stahl EL, Cameron MD, Bohn LM, Aubé J. Synthesis and evaluation of 3,4,5-trisubstituted triazoles as G protein-biased kappa opioid receptor agonists. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 276:116627. [PMID: 38971050 PMCID: PMC11316643 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Kappa opioid receptor (KOR) agonists represent promising therapeutics for pain relief due to their analgesic properties along with lower abuse potential than opioids that act at the mu opioid receptor. However, typical KOR agonists produce sedation and dysphoria. Previous studies have shown that G protein signaling-biased KOR agonists may present a means to untangle the desired analgesic properties from undesired side effects. In this paper, we report a new series of G protein signaling-biased KOR agonists entailing -S- → -CH2- replacement in a previously reported KOR agonist, triazole 1.1. With an optimized carbon linker in hand, further development of the scaffold was undertaken to investigate the appendages of the triazole core. The structure-activity relationship study of this series is described, including several analogues that display enhanced potency while maintaining G protein-signaling bias compared to triazole 1.1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley E Trojniak
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7363, USA
| | - Vuong Q Dang
- The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
| | - Kerri M Czekner
- The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA; The Skaggs Graduate School of Chemical and Biological Sciences at Scripps Research, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
| | - Robin J Russo
- The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA; The Skaggs Graduate School of Chemical and Biological Sciences at Scripps Research, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
| | - Lilyan M Mather
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7363, USA
| | - Edward L Stahl
- The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
| | - Michael D Cameron
- The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
| | - Laura M Bohn
- The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA; The Skaggs Graduate School of Chemical and Biological Sciences at Scripps Research, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
| | - Jeffrey Aubé
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7363, USA.
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2
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Gajewska A, Wasiak J, Sapeda N, Młynarska E, Rysz J, Franczyk B. SGLT2 Inhibitors in Kidney Diseases-A Narrative Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4959. [PMID: 38732178 PMCID: PMC11084583 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Some of the most common conditions affecting people are kidney diseases. Among them, we distinguish chronic kidney disease and acute kidney injury. Both entities pose serious health risks, so new drugs are still being sought to treat and prevent them. In recent years, such a role has begun to be assigned to sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors. They increase the amount of glucose excreted in the urine. For this reason, they are currently used as a first-line drug in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Due to their demonstrated cardioprotective effect, they are also used in heart failure treatment. As for the renal effects of SGLT2 inhibitors, they reduce intraglomerular pressure and decrease albuminuria. This results in a slower decline in glomelular filtration rate (GFR) in patients with kidney disease. In addition, these drugs have anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic effects. In the following article, we review the evidence for the effectiveness of this group of drugs in kidney disease and their nephroprotective effect. Further research is still needed, but meta-analyses indicate SGLT2 inhibitors' efficacy in kidney disease, especially the one caused by diabetes. Development of new drugs and clinical trials on specific patient subgroups will further refine their nephroprotective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Gajewska
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland; (A.G.); (J.W.); (N.S.)
| | - Jakub Wasiak
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland; (A.G.); (J.W.); (N.S.)
| | - Natalia Sapeda
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland; (A.G.); (J.W.); (N.S.)
| | - Ewelina Młynarska
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland; (A.G.); (J.W.); (N.S.)
| | - Jacek Rysz
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Beata Franczyk
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland; (A.G.); (J.W.); (N.S.)
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3
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Ding Y, Xue X. Medicinal Chemistry Strategies for the Modification of Bioactive Natural Products. Molecules 2024; 29:689. [PMID: 38338433 PMCID: PMC10856770 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29030689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural bioactive compounds are valuable resources for drug discovery due to their diverse and unique structures. However, these compounds often lack optimal drug-like properties. Therefore, structural optimization is a crucial step in the drug development process. By employing medicinal chemistry principles, targeted molecular operations can be applied to natural products while considering their size and complexity. Various strategies, including structural fragmentation, elimination of redundant atoms or groups, and exploration of structure-activity relationships, are utilized. Furthermore, improvements in physicochemical properties, chemical and metabolic stability, biophysical properties, and pharmacokinetic properties are sought after. This article provides a concise analysis of the process of modifying a few marketed drugs as illustrative examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Ding
- Shenzhen Borui Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518055, China;
| | - Xiaoqian Xue
- Medi-X Pingshan, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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Bodnar P, Mazurkiewicz M, Chwalba T, Romuk E, Ciszek-Chwalba A, Jacheć W, Wojciechowska C. The Impact of Pharmacotherapy for Heart Failure on Oxidative Stress-Role of New Drugs, Flozins. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2236. [PMID: 37626732 PMCID: PMC10452694 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a multifactorial clinical syndrome involving many complex processes. The causes may be related to abnormal heart structure and/or function. Changes in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, the sympathetic nervous system, and the natriuretic peptide system are important in the pathophysiology of HF. Dysregulation or overexpression of these processes leads to changes in cardiac preload and afterload, changes in the vascular system, peripheral vascular dysfunction and remodeling, and endothelial dysfunction. One of the important factors responsible for the development of heart failure at the cellular level is oxidative stress. This condition leads to deleterious cellular effects as increased levels of free radicals gradually disrupt the state of equilibrium, and, as a consequence, the internal antioxidant defense system is damaged. This review focuses on pharmacotherapy for chronic heart failure with regard to oxidation-reduction metabolism, with special attention paid to the latest group of drugs, SGLT2 inhibitors-an integral part of HF treatment. These drugs have been shown to have beneficial effects by protecting the antioxidant system at the cellular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patryk Bodnar
- Student Research Team at the Second Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, M. C. Skłodowskiej 10 Street, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland; (P.B.); (T.C.); (A.C.-C.)
| | | | - Tomasz Chwalba
- Student Research Team at the Second Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, M. C. Skłodowskiej 10 Street, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland; (P.B.); (T.C.); (A.C.-C.)
| | - Ewa Romuk
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Jordana 19 Street, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Anna Ciszek-Chwalba
- Student Research Team at the Second Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, M. C. Skłodowskiej 10 Street, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland; (P.B.); (T.C.); (A.C.-C.)
| | - Wojciech Jacheć
- Second Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, M. C. Skłodowskiej 10 Street, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland; (W.J.); (C.W.)
| | - Celina Wojciechowska
- Second Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, M. C. Skłodowskiej 10 Street, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland; (W.J.); (C.W.)
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Sympatholytic Mechanisms for the Beneficial Cardiovascular Effects of SGLT2 Inhibitors: A Research Hypothesis for Dapagliflozin's Effects in the Adrenal Gland. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147684. [PMID: 34299304 PMCID: PMC8305388 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) remains the leading cause of morbidity and death in the western world, and new therapeutic modalities are urgently needed to improve the lifespan and quality of life of HF patients. The sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, originally developed and mainly indicated for diabetes mellitus treatment, have been increasingly shown to ameliorate heart disease, and specifically HF, in humans, regardless of diabetes co-existence. Indeed, dapagliflozin has been reported to reduce cardiovascular mortality and hospitalizations in patients with HF and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). This SGLT2 inhibitor demonstrates these benefits also in non-diabetic subjects, indicating that dapagliflozin's efficacy in HF is independent of blood glucose control. Evidence for the effectiveness of various SGLT2 inhibitors in providing cardiovascular benefits irrespective of their effects on blood glucose regulation have spurred the use of these agents in HFrEF treatment and resulted in FDA approvals for cardiovascular indications. The obvious question arising from all these studies is, of course, which molecular/pharmacological mechanisms underlie these cardiovascular benefits of the drugs in diabetics and non-diabetics alike. The fact that SGLT2 is not significantly expressed in cardiac myocytes (SGLT1 appears to be the dominant isoform) adds even greater perplexity to this answer. A variety of mechanisms have been proposed over the past few years and tested in cell and animal models and prominent among those is the potential for sympatholysis, i.e., reduction in sympathetic nervous system activity. The latter is known to be high in HF patients, contributing significantly to the morbidity and mortality of the disease. The present minireview first summarizes the current evidence in the literature supporting the notion that SGLT2 inhibitors, such as dapagliflozin and empagliflozin, exert sympatholysis, and also outlines the main putative underlying mechanisms for these sympatholytic effects. Then, we propose a novel hypothesis, centered on the adrenal medulla, for the sympatholytic effects specifically of dapagliflozin. Adrenal medulla is responsible for the production and secretion of almost the entire amount of circulating epinephrine and of a significant percentage of circulating norepinephrine in the human body. If proven true experimentally, this hypothesis, along with other emerging experimental evidence for sympatholytic effects in neurons, will shed new light on the pharmacological effects that mediate the cardiovascular benefits of SGLT2 inhibitor drugs, independently of their blood glucose-lowering effects.
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6
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Zhang E, Zhao Y, Hu H. Impact of Sodium Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Complicated by Diabetes Mellitus. Hepatol Commun 2021; 5:736-748. [PMID: 34027265 PMCID: PMC8122372 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2), a type of membrane protein highly expressed in the kidney, can regulate plasma glucose through the glomerular filtration process by reabsorption from the kidney. SGLT2 inhibitors, which are newly developed oral antidiabetic drugs, can play a role in liver diseases by inhibiting SGLT2-mediated renal glucose reabsorption and inducing glycosuria. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common type of liver disease, resulting in severe liver dysfunction. During the progression of NAFLD, there are some hallmark complications, including lipid metabolism disorders, inflammation induction, and hepatocyte death. Herein, we review several SGLT2 inhibitors that are capable of protecting individuals with NAFLD from severe complications by inhibiting de novo lipogenesis, oxidative responses, inflammation induction, and hepatocyte death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enxiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Transformation Research of Zhejiang ProvinceSchool of Life SciencesWestlake Institute for Advanced StudyWestlake UniversityShilongshanHangzhouChina.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human HealthCollege of Food Science and Nutritional EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina.,Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and BiophysicsUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of CardiologyZhejiang Provincial People's HospitalHangzhouChina.,Cardiovascular DivisionDepartment of MedicineUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN
| | - Hongbo Hu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human HealthCollege of Food Science and Nutritional EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
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7
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Kshirsagar RP, Kulkarni AA, Chouthe RS, Pathan SK, Une HD, Reddy GB, Diwan PV, Ansari SA, Sangshetti JN. SGLT inhibitors as antidiabetic agents: a comprehensive review. RSC Adv 2020; 10:1733-1756. [PMID: 35494673 PMCID: PMC9048284 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra08706k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is one of the most common disorders that substantially contributes to an increase in global health burden. As a metabolic disorder, diabetes is associated with various medical conditions and diseases such as obesity, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, and atherosclerosis. In this review, we cover the scientific studies on sodium/glucose cotransporter (SGLT) inhibitors published during the last decade. Our focus on providing an exhaustive overview of SGLT inhibitors enabled us to present their chemical classification for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rashmi S Chouthe
- Srinath Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Bajaj Nagar Waluj Aurangabad 431136 India
| | | | - Hemant D Une
- Y. B. Chavan College of Pharmacy Aurangabad Maharashtra India - 431001
| | - G Bhanuprakash Reddy
- Department of Biochemistry, National Institute of Nutrition (ICMR) Hyderabad Telangana India - 500007
| | - Prakash V Diwan
- Maratha Mandal Research Centre Belagavi Karnataka India - 590019
| | - Siddique Akber Ansari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University Po Box 2454 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
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8
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Development of sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors with novel structure by molecular docking and dynamics simulation. J Mol Model 2019; 25:175. [PMID: 31154518 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-019-4067-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, molecular docking studies were carried out to explore the binding interactions of sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) with its inhibitors. A correlation between the docking scores and the experimental bioactivity was observed (R2 = 0.8368, N = 24). The new inhibitors were designed using the 3D quantitative structure activity relationship (3D-QSAR) method, and the activities were predicted by the docking method. In order to understand the structure-activity correlation of compound 1 m (the highest score of docking) and compound 1 t (the lowest score), we carried out a combined molecular dynamics simulation and MM-GBSA method. It was found that, in the system of SGLT2-1 m, the interaction between Gln271 and Val272 exhibited significant effects, which were absent in the SGLT2-1 t system. This study is expected to shed light on the mechanism of action of compound 1 m, leading to development of active drug candidates targeting SGLT2.
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9
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Berwaldt GA, Gouvêa DP, da Silva DS, das Neves AM, Soares MSP, Azambuja JH, Siqueira GM, Spanevello RM, Cunico W. Synthesis and biological evaluation of benzothiazin-4-ones: a possible new class of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2019; 34:197-203. [PMID: 30482059 PMCID: PMC6263113 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2018.1543286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of nineteen benzothiazin-4-ones from N-(3-aminopropyl) piperidine, 4-(2-aminoethyl)morpholine or 1-(2-aminoethyl)piperidine, aliphatic or aromatic aldehyde and thiosalicylic acid, were synthesized in good yields by multicomponent one-pot reactions. The solvent was toluene and this efficient procedure afforded the desired heterocycles in 5 h. Identification and characterization were achieved by NMR and GC-MS techniques. In vitro AChE activities of all compounds were evaluated in cerebral cortex and hippocampus of rats and in general, the results in cortex were more promising than hippocampus. The benzothiazinone 5Bd showed the best AChE inhibition activity IC50 8.48 μM (cortex) and IC50 39.80 μM (hippocampus). The cytotoxicity of seven compounds in MCR-5 human fibroblast cell by SRB test in 24 h were evaluated and 5Bd suggest preliminary safety, showing no cytotoxicity at 100 µM. Finally, these important findings could be a starting point for the development of new AChE inhibitors agents and will provide the basis for new studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele A Berwaldt
- a Laboratório de Química Aplicada a Bioativos, Centro Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas , Prédio 32, Laboratório 410, Campus Universitário S/N , Capão do Leão , RS , CEP 96160-000 , Brazil
| | - Daniela P Gouvêa
- a Laboratório de Química Aplicada a Bioativos, Centro Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas , Prédio 32, Laboratório 410, Campus Universitário S/N , Capão do Leão , RS , CEP 96160-000 , Brazil
| | - Daniel S da Silva
- a Laboratório de Química Aplicada a Bioativos, Centro Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas , Prédio 32, Laboratório 410, Campus Universitário S/N , Capão do Leão , RS , CEP 96160-000 , Brazil.,b Laboratório de Neuroquímica, Inflamação e Câncer, Centro de Ciências Químicas Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas , Prédio 29, Sala 303, Campus Universitário S/N , Capão do Leão , RS , CEP 96160-000 , Brazil
| | - Adriana M das Neves
- a Laboratório de Química Aplicada a Bioativos, Centro Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas , Prédio 32, Laboratório 410, Campus Universitário S/N , Capão do Leão , RS , CEP 96160-000 , Brazil
| | - Mayara S P Soares
- b Laboratório de Neuroquímica, Inflamação e Câncer, Centro de Ciências Químicas Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas , Prédio 29, Sala 303, Campus Universitário S/N , Capão do Leão , RS , CEP 96160-000 , Brazil
| | - Juliana H Azambuja
- b Laboratório de Neuroquímica, Inflamação e Câncer, Centro de Ciências Químicas Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas , Prédio 29, Sala 303, Campus Universitário S/N , Capão do Leão , RS , CEP 96160-000 , Brazil
| | - Geonir M Siqueira
- a Laboratório de Química Aplicada a Bioativos, Centro Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas , Prédio 32, Laboratório 410, Campus Universitário S/N , Capão do Leão , RS , CEP 96160-000 , Brazil
| | - Roselia M Spanevello
- b Laboratório de Neuroquímica, Inflamação e Câncer, Centro de Ciências Químicas Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas , Prédio 29, Sala 303, Campus Universitário S/N , Capão do Leão , RS , CEP 96160-000 , Brazil
| | - Wilson Cunico
- a Laboratório de Química Aplicada a Bioativos, Centro Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas , Prédio 32, Laboratório 410, Campus Universitário S/N , Capão do Leão , RS , CEP 96160-000 , Brazil
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10
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Bollu R, Banu S, Kasaboina S, Bantu R, Nagarapu L, Polepalli S, Jain N. Potential anti-proliferative agents from 1,4-benzoxazinone-quinazolin-4(3H)-one templates. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:5481-5484. [PMID: 29089233 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
A novel synthetic protocol has been developed for the synthesis of 1,4-benzoxazinone-acetylphenylallyl quinazolin-4(3H)-one hybrids 7a-n by employing Pd-catalyzed CH arylation in presence of 5-10% phosphine ligand in good to excellent yields and evaluated for their anti-proliferative activity against three cancer cell lines such as A549 (lung), HeLa (cervical), MDA-MB-231 (breast). Compounds 7d, 7f, 7l and 7n exhibited promising anti-proliferative activity with GI50 values ranging from 0.37 to 2.73 µM respectively against A549, HeLa, and MDA-MB-231, while compound 7f showed significant activity against MDA-MB-231 with GI50 value 0.58 µM, 7j showed significant activity against A549 with GI50 value 0.32 µM and 7l showed significant activity against HeLa with GI50 value 0.37 µM. This is the first report on the synthesis and in vitro anti-proliferative evaluation of 1,4-benzoxazinone-acetylphenylallyl quinazolin-4(3H)-one hybrids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajitha Bollu
- Organic Chemistry Division-II (CPC), CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Saleha Banu
- Organic Chemistry Division-II (CPC), CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Suresh Kasaboina
- Organic Chemistry Division-II (CPC), CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Rajashaker Bantu
- Organic Chemistry Division-II (CPC), CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Lingaiah Nagarapu
- Organic Chemistry Division-II (CPC), CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India.
| | - Sowjanya Polepalli
- Centre for Chemical Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Nishant Jain
- Centre for Chemical Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
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11
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Combined HQSAR, topomer CoMFA, homology modeling and docking studies on triazole derivatives as SGLT2 inhibitors. Future Med Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2017-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) is a promising target for diabetes therapy. We aimed to develop computational approaches to identify structural features for more potential SGLT2 inhibitors. Materials & methods: In this work, 46 triazole derivatives as SGLT2 inhibitors were studied using a combination of several approaches, including hologram quantitative structure–activity relationships (HQSAR), topomer comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA), homology modeling, and molecular docking. HQSAR and topomer CoMFA were used to construct models. Molecular docking was conducted to investigate the interaction of triazole derivatives and homology modeling of SGLT2, as well as to validate the results of the HQSAR and topomer CoMFA models. Results: The most effective HQSAR and topomer CoMFA models exhibited noncross-validated correlation coefficients of 0.928 and 0.891 for the training set, respectively. External predictions were made successfully on a test set and then compared with previously reported models. The graphical results of HQSAR and topomer CoMFA were proven to be consistent with the binding mode of the inhibitors and SGLT2 from molecular docking. Conclusion: The models and docking provided important insights into the design of potent inhibitors for SGLT2.
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12
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Su CL, Tseng CL, Ramesh C, Liu HS, Huang CYF, Yao CF. Using gene expression database to uncover biology functions of 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazole analogues synthesized via a copper (I)-catalyzed reaction. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 132:90-107. [PMID: 28342400 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We have synthesized bioactive 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazole analogues containing 2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3-(4H)-one derivatives via 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition in the presence of CuI. All the reactions proceeded smoothly and afforded its desired products in excellent yields. Among these analogues, 3y exhibited a better cytotoxic effect on human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) Hep 3B cells and displayed less cytotoxicity on normal human umbilical vein endothelial cells, compared with Sorafenib, a targeted therapy for advanced HCC. 3y also induced stronger apoptosis and autophagy. Addition of curcumin enhanced 3y-induced cytotoxicity by further induction of autophagy. Using gene expression signatures of 3y to query Connectivity Map, a glycogen synthase kinase-3 inhibitor (AR-A014418) was predicted to display similar molecular action of 3y. Experiments further demonstrate that AR-A014418 acted like 3y, and vice versa. Overall, our data suggest the chemotherapeutic potential of 3y on HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Li Su
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Ling Tseng
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Chintakunta Ramesh
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Sheng Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; Center of Infectious Disease and Signaling Research Center, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ying F Huang
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Ching-Fa Yao
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 116, Taiwan.
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13
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Shaikh MH, Subhedar DD, Arkile M, Khedkar VM, Jadhav N, Sarkar D, Shingate BB. Synthesis and bioactivity of novel triazole incorporated benzothiazinone derivatives as antitubercular and antioxidant agent. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 26:561-569. [PMID: 26642768 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.11.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Revised: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In search of new active molecules against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) H37Ra and M. bovis BCG, a small focused library of benzothiazinone based 1,2,3-triazoles has been efficiently prepared via click chemistry approach. Several derivatives were found to be promising inhibitors of MTB and M. bovis BCG characterized by lower MIC values (27.34-29.37μg/mL). Among all the synthesized compounds, 6c and 6e is the most active compound against MTB and M. bovis BCG. The compounds were further tested for anti-proliferative activity against HeLa, A549 and A431 cell lines using MTT assay and showed no significant cytotoxic activity at the maximum concentration evaluated. Further, the synthesized compounds were found to have potential antioxidant activity with IC50 range=14.14-47.11μg/mL. Furthermore, to rationalize the observed biological activity data, the molecular docking study also been carried out against a potential target MTB DprE1, which revealed a significant correlation between the binding score and biological activity for these compounds. The results of the in vitro and in silico study suggest that the triazole incorporated benzothiazinone may possess the ideal structural requirements for further development of novel therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mubarak H Shaikh
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad 431 004, India
| | - Dnyaneshwar D Subhedar
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad 431 004, India
| | - Manisha Arkile
- Combi Chem Bio Resource Centre, National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411 008, India
| | - Vijay M Khedkar
- Combi Chem Bio Resource Centre, National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411 008, India; School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Nandadeep Jadhav
- Combi Chem Bio Resource Centre, National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411 008, India
| | - Dhiman Sarkar
- Combi Chem Bio Resource Centre, National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411 008, India
| | - Bapurao B Shingate
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad 431 004, India.
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14
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Microwave-Assisted Synthesis and Antifungal Activity of Some Novel Thioethers Containing 1,2,4-Triazole Moiety. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/app5041211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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15
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16
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Abdul-Ghani MA, Norton L, DeFronzo RA. Renal sodium-glucose cotransporter inhibition in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2015; 309:F889-900. [PMID: 26354881 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00267.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia is the primary factor responsible for the microvascular, and to a lesser extent macrovascular, complications of diabetes. Despite this well-established relationship, approximately half of all type 2 diabetic patients in the US have a hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) ≥7.0%. This is associated in part with the side effects, i.e., weight gain and hypoglycemia, of currently available antidiabetic agents and in part with the failure to utilize medications that reverse the basic pathophysiological defects present in patients with type 2 diabetes. The kidney has been shown to play a central role in the development of hyperglycemia by excessive production of glucose throughout the sleeping hours and enhanced reabsorption of filtered glucose by the renal tubules secondary to an increase in the threshold at which glucose spills into the urine. Recently, a new class of antidiabetic agents, the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, has been developed and approved for the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes. In this review, we examine their mechanism of action, efficacy, safety, and place in the therapeutic armamentarium. Since the SGLT2 inhibitors have a unique mode of action that differs from all other oral and injectable antidiabetic agents, they can be used at all stages of the disease and in combination with all other antidiabetic medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad A Abdul-Ghani
- Division of Diabetes, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Luke Norton
- Division of Diabetes, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Ralph A DeFronzo
- Division of Diabetes, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
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17
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Khan A, Prasad S, Parmar VS, Sharma SK. Design and Synthesis of Novel Triazolyl Benzoxazine Derivatives and Evaluation of Their Antiproliferative and Antibacterial Activity. J Heterocycl Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.2387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Khan
- Department of Chemistry; University of Delhi; Delhi 110007 India
| | - Suchita Prasad
- Department of Chemistry; University of Delhi; Delhi 110007 India
| | | | - Sunil K. Sharma
- Department of Chemistry; University of Delhi; Delhi 110007 India
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18
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Wu SH, Yao CH, Hsieh CJ, Liu YW, Chao YS, Song JS, Lee JC. Development and application of a fluorescent glucose uptake assay for the high-throughput screening of non-glycoside SGLT2 inhibitors. Eur J Pharm Sci 2015; 74:40-4. [PMID: 25819489 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2015.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Sodium-dependent glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are of current interest as a treatment for type 2 diabetes. Efforts have been made to discover phlorizin-related glycosides with good SGLT2 inhibitory activity. To increase structural diversity and better understand the role of non-glycoside SGLT2 inhibitors on glycemic control, we initiated a research program to identify non-glycoside hits from high-throughput screening. Here, we report the development of a novel, fluorogenic probe-based glucose uptake system based on a Cu(I)-catalyzed [3+2] cycloaddition. The safer processes and cheaper substances made the developed assay our first priority for large-scale primary screening as compared to the well-known [(14)C]-labeled α-methyl-D-glucopyranoside ([(14)C]-AMG) radioactive assay. This effort culminated in the identification of a benzimidazole, non-glycoside SGLT2 hit with an EC50 value of 0.62 μM by high-throughput screening of 41,000 compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szu-Huei Wu
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chun-Hsu Yao
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chieh-Jui Hsieh
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Wei Liu
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Sheng Chao
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jen-Shin Song
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Jinq-Chyi Lee
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan, ROC.
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19
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Abstract
Maintaining normoglycaemia not only reduces the risk of diabetic microvascular complications but also corrects the metabolic abnormalities that contribute to the development and progression of hyperglycaemia, that is insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction. Progressive beta-cell failure, in addition to side effects associated with many current antidiabetic agents, for example hypoglycaemia and weight gain, presents major obstacles to the achievement of the recommended goal of glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Thus, novel effective therapies are needed for optimal glucose control in subjects with T2DM. Most recently, specific inhibitors of the renal sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) have been developed to produce glucosuria and lower the plasma glucose concentration. Because of the iR unique mechanism of action, which is independent of insulin secretion and insulin action, these agents are effective in lowering the plasma glucose concentration in all stages of the disease and can be combined with all other antidiabetic agents. In this review, we will summarize the available data concerning the mechanism of action, efficacy and safety of this novel class of antidiabetic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Abdul-Ghani
- Division of Diabetes, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
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20
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Majumdar K, Ghosh D. An efficient ligand-free ferric chloride catalyzed synthesis of annulated 1,4-thiazine-3-one derivatives. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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21
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Huang WS, Xu R, Dodd R, Shakespeare WC. Expeditious synthesis of C2- or N4-aryl-1,4-benzothiazin-3-one via orthogonal Pd-catalyzed C-arylation and Cu-catalyzed N-arylation. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.11.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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22
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Facile synthesis of 1,4-benzothiazin-3-ones from Cu-catalyzed coupling of 2-iodoanilines and 2-mercaptoacetate. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.07.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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23
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Han YT, Yang SM, Wang XY, Li FN. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of B-region modified diarylalkyl amide analogues as novel TRPV1 antagonists. Arch Pharm Res 2013; 37:440-51. [PMID: 23943439 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-013-0228-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2013] [Accepted: 07/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of B-region, known to be a dipolar interacting pharmacophore, modified diarylalkyl amide analogues for novel TRPV1 (transient receptor potential channel, vanilloid subfamily member 1) antagonists was described. A variety of moieties including guanidines, heterocyclic rings, cinnamides, and α-substituted acetamides were introduced at the B-region. TRPV1 antagonistic activities of these analogues were evaluated by (45)Ca(2+) uptake assay in rat DRG neuron. In particular, α,α-difluoroamide 53 exhibited 3-fold more potent TRPV1 antagonistic activity (IC50 = 0.058 μM) than the parent amide analogue 6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Taek Han
- College of Pharmacy, Woosuk University, Wanju, 565-701, Republic of Korea
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24
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Chaudhury T. Safety and efficacy of SGLT2 inhibitors in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. APOLLO MEDICINE 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apme.2013.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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25
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Abdul-Ghani MA, Norton L, DeFronzo RA. Efficacy and safety of SGLT2 inhibitors in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Curr Diab Rep 2012; 12:230-8. [PMID: 22528597 DOI: 10.1007/s11892-012-0275-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
In addition to its central role in the development of microvascular complications, hyperglycemia plays an important role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by means of glucotoxicity. Thus, effective glycemic control not only reduces the incidence of microvascular complications but also corrects the metabolic abnormalities that contribute to the progression of the disease. Progressive β-cell failure and multiple side effects, including hypoglycemia and weight gain, associated with many current therapies present obstacles to the achievement of optimal and durable glycemic control in subjects with T2DM. Most recently, inhibitors of the renal sodium-glucose cotransporter have been developed to reduce the plasma glucose concentration by producing glucosuria. Because the mechanism of action of these oral antidiabetic agents is independent of β-cell function and tissue sensitivity to insulin, they improve glycemic control while avoiding hypoglycemia and promoting weight loss. In this review, we summarize the available data concerning the mechanism of action, efficacy, and safety of this novel antidiabetic class of therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad A Abdul-Ghani
- Division of Diabetes, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
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26
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Du X, Lizarzaburu M, Turcotte S, Lee T, Greenberg J, Shan B, Fan P, Ling Y, Medina JC, Houze J. Optimization of triazoles as novel and potent nonphlorizin SGLT2 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:3774-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.04.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2011] [Revised: 04/06/2011] [Accepted: 04/12/2011] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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