1
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Song D, Kim B, Kim M, Lee JK, Choi J, Lee H, Shin S, Shin D, Nam HY, Lee Y, Lee S, Kim Y, Seo J. Impact of Conjugation of the Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)-Generating Catalytic Moiety with Membrane-Active Antimicrobial Peptoids: Promoting Multitarget Mechanism and Enhancing Selectivity. J Med Chem 2024; 67:15148-15167. [PMID: 39207209 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) represent promising therapeutic modalities against multidrug-resistant bacterial infections. As a mimic of natural AMPs, peptidomimetic oligomers like peptoids (i.e., oligo-N-substituted glycines) have been utilized for antimicrobials with resistance against proteolytic degradation. Here, we explore the conjugation of catalytic metal-binding motifs─the amino terminal Cu(II) and Ni(II) binding (ATCUN) motif─with cationic amphipathic antimicrobial peptoids to enhance their efficacy. Upon complexation with Cu(II) or Ni(II), the conjugates catalyzed hydroxyl radical generation, and 22 and 22-Cu exhibited over 10-fold improved selectivity compared to the parent peptoid, likely due to reduced hydrophobicity. Cu-ATCUN-peptoids caused bacterial membrane disruption, aggregation of intracellular biomolecules, DNA oxidation, and lipid peroxidation, promoting multiple killing mechanisms. In a mouse sepsis model, 22 demonstrated antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory efficacy with low toxicity. This study suggests a strategy to improve the potency of membrane-acting antimicrobial peptoids by incorporating ROS-generating motifs, thereby adding oxidative damage as a killing mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dasom Song
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeongkwon Kim
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Minsang Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Kyeong Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jieun Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeju Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sujin Shin
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongmin Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Yeon Nam
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunho Lee
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongsoo Lee
- Gwangju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Gwangju 61751, Republic of Korea
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi 17546, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bio-Analysis Science, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Yangmee Kim
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Seo
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
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2
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Moule MG, Benjamin AB, Burger ML, Herlan C, Lebedev M, Lin JS, Koster KJ, Wavare N, Adams LG, Bräse S, Munoz-Medina R, Cannon CL, Barron AE, Cirillo JD. Peptide-mimetic treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a mouse model of respiratory infection. Commun Biol 2024; 7:1033. [PMID: 39174819 PMCID: PMC11341572 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06725-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The rise of drug resistance has become a global crisis, with >1 million deaths due to resistant bacterial infections each year. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, in particular, remains a serious problem with limited solutions due to complex resistance mechanisms that now lead to more than 32,000 multidrug-resistant (MDR) infections and over 2000 deaths in the U.S. annually. While the emergence of resistant bacteria has become ominously common, identification of useful new drug classes has been limited over the past over 40 years. We found that a potential novel therapeutic, the peptide-mimetic TM5, is effective at killing P. aeruginosa and displays sufficiently low toxicity in mammalian cells to allow for use in treatment of infections. Interestingly, TM5 kills P. aeruginosa more rapidly than traditional antibiotics, within 30-60 min in vitro, and is effective against a range of clinical isolates, including extensively drug resistant strains. In vivo, TM5 significantly reduced bacterial load in the lungs within 24 h compared to untreated mice and demonstrated few adverse effects. Taken together, these observations suggest that TM5 shows promise as an alternative therapy for MDR P. aeruginosa respiratory infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine G Moule
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M School of Medicine, Bryan, TX, USA
- Institute of Immunology & Infection Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Aaron B Benjamin
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M School of Medicine, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Melanie L Burger
- Institute of Immunology & Infection Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Claudine Herlan
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Maxim Lebedev
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M School of Medicine, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Jennifer S Lin
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University Schools of Medicine and of Engineering, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kent J Koster
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M School of Medicine, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Neha Wavare
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M School of Medicine, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Leslie G Adams
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M School of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Ricardo Munoz-Medina
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M School of Medicine, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Carolyn L Cannon
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M School of Medicine, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Annelise E Barron
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University Schools of Medicine and of Engineering, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Jeffrey D Cirillo
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M School of Medicine, Bryan, TX, USA.
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Bahatheg G, Kuppusamy R, Yasir M, Bridge S, Mishra SK, Cranfield CG, StC Black D, Willcox M, Kumar N. Dimeric peptoids as antibacterial agents. Bioorg Chem 2024; 147:107334. [PMID: 38583251 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Building upon our previous study on peptoid-based antibacterials which showed good activity against Gram-positive bacteria only, herein we report the synthesis of 34 dimeric peptoid compounds and the investigation of their activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens. The newly designed peptoids feature a di-hydrophobic moiety incorporating phenyl, bromo-phenyl, and naphthyl groups, combined with variable lengths of cationic units such as amino and guanidine groups. The study also underscores the pivotal interplay between hydrophobicity and cationicity in optimizing efficacy against specific bacteria. The bromophenyl dimeric guanidinium peptoid compound 10j showed excellent activity against S. aureus 38 and E. coli K12 with MIC of 0.8 μg mL-1 and 6.2 μg mL-1, respectively. Further investigation into the mechanism of action revealed that the antibacterial effect might be attributed to the disruption of bacterial cell membranes, as suggested by tethered bilayer lipid membranes (tBLMs) and cytoplasmic membrane permeability studies. Notably, these promising antibacterial agents exhibited negligible toxicity against mammalian red blood cells. Additionally, the study explored the potential of 12 active compounds to disrupt established biofilms of S. aureus 38. The most effective biofilm disruptors were ethyl and octyl-naphthyl guanidinium peptoids (10c and 10 k). These compounds 10c and 10 k disrupted the established biofilms of S. aureus 38 with 51 % at 4x MIC (MIC = 17.6 μg mL-1 and 11.2 μg mL-1) and 56 %-58 % at 8x MIC (MIC = 35.2 μg mL-1 and 22.4 μg mL-1) respectively. Overall, this research contributes insights into the design principles of cationic dimeric peptoids and their antibacterial activity, with implications for the development of new antibacterial compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghayah Bahatheg
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rajesh Kuppusamy
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; School of Optometry and Vision Science, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Muhammad Yasir
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Samara Bridge
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, PO Box 123, Ultimo 2007, Australia
| | - Shyam K Mishra
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Charles G Cranfield
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, PO Box 123, Ultimo 2007, Australia
| | - David StC Black
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Mark Willcox
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Naresh Kumar
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
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Gamna F, Cochis A, Mojsoska B, Kumar A, Rimondini L, Spriano S. Nano-topography and functionalization with the synthetic peptoid GN2-Npm 9 as a strategy for antibacterial and biocompatible titanium implants. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24246. [PMID: 38293435 PMCID: PMC10825347 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have attracted great interest in scientific research, especially for biomedical applications such as drug delivery and orthopedic applications. Since they are readily degradable in the physiological environment, scientific research has recently been trying to make AMPs more stable. Peptoids are synthetic N-substituted glycine oligomers that mimic the structure of peptides. They have a structure that does not allow proteolytic degradation, which makes them more stable while maintaining microbial activity. This structure also brings many advantages to the molecule, such as greater diversity and specificity, making it more suitable for biological applications. For the first time, a synthesized peptoid (GN2-Npm9) was used to functionalize a nanometric chemically pre-treated (CT) titanium surface for bone-contact implant applications. A preliminary characterization of the functionalized surfaces was performed using the contact angle measurements and zeta potential titration curves. These preliminary analyses confirmed the presence of the peptoid and its adsorption on CT. The functionalized surface had a hydrophilic behaviour (contact angle = 30°) but the hydrophobic tryptophan-like residues were also exposed. An electrostatic interaction between the lysine residue of GN2-Npm9 and the surface allowed a chemisorption mechanism. The biological characterization of the CT_GN2-Nmp9 surfaces demonstrated the ability to prevent surface colonization and biofilm formation by the pathogens Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus epidermidis thus showing a broad-range activity. The cytocompatibility was confirmed by human mesenchymal stem cells. Finally, a bacteria-cells co-culture model was applied to demonstrate the selective bioactivity of the CT_GN2-Nmp9 surface that was able to preserve colonizing cells adhered to the device surface from bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Cochis
- Università del Piemonte Orientale UPO, Department of Health Sciences, Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases–CAAD, Novara, Italy
| | - Biljana Mojsoska
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Università del Piemonte Orientale UPO, Department of Health Sciences, Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases–CAAD, Novara, Italy
| | - Lia Rimondini
- Università del Piemonte Orientale UPO, Department of Health Sciences, Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases–CAAD, Novara, Italy
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5
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Moule MG, Benjamin AB, Buger ML, Herlan C, Lebedev M, Lin JS, Koster KJ, Wavare N, Adams LG, Bräse S, Barron AE, Cirillo JD. Peptide-mimetic treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a mouse model of respiratory infection. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.30.564794. [PMID: 37961726 PMCID: PMC10634950 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.30.564794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
The rise of drug resistance has become a global crisis, with >1 million deaths due to resistant bacterial infections each year. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, in particular, remains a serious problem with limited solutions due to complex resistance mechanisms that now lead to more than 32,000 multidrug-resistant (MDR) infections and over 2,000 deaths annually. While the emergence of resistant bacteria has become concerningly common, identification of useful new drug classes has been limited over the past 40+ years. We found that a potential novel therapeutic, the peptide-mimetic TM5, is effective at killing P. aeruginosa and displays sufficiently low toxicity for mammalian cells to allow for use in treatment of infections. Interestingly, TM5 kills P. aeruginosa more rapidly than traditional antibiotics, within 30-60 minutes in vitro , and is effective against a range of clinical isolates. In vivo , TM5 significantly reduced bacterial load in the lungs within 24 hours compared to untreated mice and demonstrated few adverse effects. Taken together, these observations suggest that TM5 shows promise as an alternative therapy for MDR P. aeruginosa respiratory infections.
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Cafaro V, Bosso A, Di Nardo I, D’Amato A, Izzo I, De Riccardis F, Siepi M, Culurciello R, D’Urzo N, Chiarot E, Torre A, Pizzo E, Merola M, Notomista E. The Antimicrobial, Antibiofilm and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of P13#1, a Cathelicidin-like Achiral Peptoid. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1386. [PMID: 37895857 PMCID: PMC10610514 DOI: 10.3390/ph16101386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAMPs) are powerful molecules with antimicrobial, antibiofilm and endotoxin-scavenging activities. These properties make CAMPs very attractive drugs in the face of the rapid increase in multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens, but they are limited by their susceptibility to proteolytic degradation. An intriguing solution to this issue could be the development of functional mimics of CAMPs with structures that enable the evasion of proteases. Peptoids (N-substituted glycine oligomers) are an important class of peptidomimetics with interesting benefits: easy synthetic access, intrinsic proteolytic stability and promising bioactivities. Here, we report the characterization of P13#1, a 13-residue peptoid specifically designed to mimic cathelicidins, the best-known and most widespread family of CAMPs. P13#1 showed all the biological activities typically associated with cathelicidins: bactericidal activity over a wide spectrum of strains, including several ESKAPE pathogens; the ability to act in combination with different classes of conventional antibiotics; antibiofilm activity against preformed biofilms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, comparable to that of human cathelicidin LL-37; limited toxicity; and an ability to inhibit LPS-induced proinflammatory effects which is comparable to that of "the last resource" antibiotic colistin. We further studied the interaction of P13#1 with SDS, LPSs and bacterial cells by using a fluorescent version of P13#1. Finally, in a subcutaneous infection mouse model, it showed antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities comparable to ampicillin and gentamicin without apparent toxicity. The collected data indicate that P13#1 is an excellent candidate for the formulation of new antimicrobial therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Cafaro
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (V.C.); (A.B.); (I.D.N.); (M.S.); (R.C.); (N.D.); (E.P.)
| | - Andrea Bosso
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (V.C.); (A.B.); (I.D.N.); (M.S.); (R.C.); (N.D.); (E.P.)
| | - Ilaria Di Nardo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (V.C.); (A.B.); (I.D.N.); (M.S.); (R.C.); (N.D.); (E.P.)
| | - Assunta D’Amato
- Department of Chemistry and Biology “A. Zambelli”, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (A.D.); (I.I.); (F.D.R.)
| | - Irene Izzo
- Department of Chemistry and Biology “A. Zambelli”, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (A.D.); (I.I.); (F.D.R.)
| | - Francesco De Riccardis
- Department of Chemistry and Biology “A. Zambelli”, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (A.D.); (I.I.); (F.D.R.)
| | - Marialuisa Siepi
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (V.C.); (A.B.); (I.D.N.); (M.S.); (R.C.); (N.D.); (E.P.)
| | - Rosanna Culurciello
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (V.C.); (A.B.); (I.D.N.); (M.S.); (R.C.); (N.D.); (E.P.)
| | - Nunzia D’Urzo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (V.C.); (A.B.); (I.D.N.); (M.S.); (R.C.); (N.D.); (E.P.)
| | | | | | - Elio Pizzo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (V.C.); (A.B.); (I.D.N.); (M.S.); (R.C.); (N.D.); (E.P.)
| | - Marcello Merola
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (V.C.); (A.B.); (I.D.N.); (M.S.); (R.C.); (N.D.); (E.P.)
| | - Eugenio Notomista
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (V.C.); (A.B.); (I.D.N.); (M.S.); (R.C.); (N.D.); (E.P.)
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Sang P, Cai J. Unnatural helical peptidic foldamers as protein segment mimics. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:4843-4877. [PMID: 37401344 PMCID: PMC10389297 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00395c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Unnatural helical peptidic foldamers have attracted considerable attention owing to their unique folding behaviours, diverse artificial protein binding mechanisms, and promising applications in chemical, biological, medical, and material fields. Unlike the conventional α-helix consisting of molecular entities of native α-amino acids, unnatural helical peptidic foldamers are generally comprised of well-defined backbone conformers with unique and unnatural structural parameters. Their folded structures usually arise from unnatural amino acids such as N-substituted glycine, N-substituted-β-alanine, β-amino acid, urea, thiourea, α-aminoxy acid, α-aminoisobutyric acid, aza-amino acid, aromatic amide, γ-amino acid, as well as sulfono-γ-AA amino acid. They can exhibit intriguing and predictable three-dimensional helical structures, generally featuring superior resistance to proteolytic degradation, enhanced bioavailability, and improved chemodiversity, and are promising in mimicking helical segments of various proteins. Although it is impossible to include every piece of research work, we attempt to highlight the research progress in the past 10 years in exploring unnatural peptidic foldamers as protein helical segment mimics, by giving some representative examples and discussing the current challenges and future perspectives. We expect that this review will help elucidate the principles of structural design and applications of existing unnatural helical peptidic foldamers in protein segment mimicry, thereby attracting more researchers to explore and generate novel unnatural peptidic foldamers with unique structural and functional properties, leading to more unprecedented and practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Sang
- Tianjian Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Jianfeng Cai
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA.
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8
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Kumar V, Lin JS, Molchanova N, Fortkort JA, Reckmann C, Bräse S, Jenssen H, Barron AE, Chugh A. Membrane-acting biomimetic peptoids against visceral leishmaniasis. FEBS Open Bio 2023; 13:519-531. [PMID: 36683396 PMCID: PMC9989931 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is among the most neglected tropical diseases in the world. Drug cell permeability is essential for killing the intracellular residing parasites responsible for VL, making cell-permeating peptides a logical choice to address VL. Unfortunately, the limited biological stability of peptides restricts their usage. Sequence-specific oligo-N-substituted glycines ('peptoids') are a class of peptide mimics that offers an excellent alternative to peptides in terms of ease of synthesis and good biostability. We tested peptoids against the parasite Leishmania donovani in both forms, that is, intracellular amastigotes and promastigotes. N-alkyl hydrophobic chain addition (lipidation) and bromination of oligopeptoids yielded compounds with good antileishmanial activity against both forms, showing the promise of these antiparasitic peptoids as potential drug candidates to treat VL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Kumar
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India
| | - Jennifer S Lin
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Schools of Medicine and of Engineering, CA, USA
| | | | - John A Fortkort
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Schools of Medicine and of Engineering, CA, USA
| | - Carolin Reckmann
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Germany
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Germany
| | - Håvard Jenssen
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Denmark
| | - Annelise E Barron
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Schools of Medicine and of Engineering, CA, USA
| | - Archana Chugh
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India
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9
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Efficacy of natural antimicrobial peptides versus peptidomimetic analogues: a systematic review. Future Med Chem 2022; 14:1899-1921. [PMID: 36421051 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2022-0160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: This systematic review was carried out to determine whether synthetic peptidomimetics exhibit significant advantages over antimicrobial peptides in terms of in vitro potency. Structural features - molecular weight, charge and length - were examined for correlations with activity. Methods: Original research articles reporting minimum inhibitory concentration values against Escherichia coli, indexed until 31 December 2020, were searched in PubMed/ScienceDirect/Google Scholar and evaluated using mixed-effects models. Results: In vitro antimicrobial activity of peptidomimetics resembled that of antimicrobial peptides. Net charge significantly affected minimum inhibitory concentration values (p < 0.001) with a trend of 4.6% decrease for increments in charge by +1. Conclusion: AMPs and antibacterial peptidomimetics exhibit similar potencies, providing an opportunity to exploit the advantageous stability and bioavailability typically associated with peptidomimetics.
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10
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Engineering Antibacterial Activities and Biocompatibility of Hyperbranched Lysine-based Random Copolymers. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-022-2859-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Ma Z, Zhang D, Cheng Z, Niu Y, Kong L, Lu Z, Bie X. Designed symmetrical β-hairpin peptides for treating multidrug-resistant salmonella typhimurium infections. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 243:114769. [PMID: 36137364 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The rapid emergence and prevalence of multidrug-resistant salmonellosis lack effective therapies, which causes epidemic health problems and stimulates the development of antimicrobials with novel modes of action. In this research, 10 short symmetrical β-hairpin peptides are synthesized by combining the β-turn of Leucocin-A with recurring hydrophobic and cationic amino acid sequences. Those designed peptides exhibited potent antibacterial activities against drug-susceptible and drug-resistant Salmonella. One of the 10 peptides, WK2 ((WK)2CTKSGC(KW)2), displayed best cell selectivity towards Salmonella cells over macrophages and erythrocytes in a co-culture model. Fluorescent measurements and microscopic observations reflected that WK2 exerted its antimicrobial activity through a membrane-lytic mechanism. Moreover, the β-hairpin peptides can bind to endotoxin (LPS) and suppress the production of LPS-induced proinflammatory cytokines in RAW264.7 cells, indicating as a potent anti-inflammatory activity. The preliminary in vivo studies can also demonstrate that WK2 decreased loads of Salmonella in the liver and spleen, mitigated Salmonella-caused inflammation and maintained the integrity of intestinal mucosal surfaces. Ultimately, the results highlight that WK2 is a promising therapeutic agent to prevent multidrug-resistant S. Typhimurium infections in humans and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Ma
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Ziyi Cheng
- Faculty of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Yandong Niu
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6, Canada
| | - Liangyu Kong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhaoxin Lu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xiaomei Bie
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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12
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Cao M, Liu C, Li M, Zhang X, Peng L, Liu L, Liao J, Yang J. Recent Research on Hybrid Hydrogels for Infection Treatment and Bone Repair. Gels 2022; 8:306. [PMID: 35621604 PMCID: PMC9140391 DOI: 10.3390/gels8050306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The repair of infected bone defects (IBDs) is still a great challenge in clinic. A successful treatment for IBDs should simultaneously resolve both infection control and bone defect repair. Hydrogels are water-swollen hydrophilic materials that maintain a distinct three-dimensional structure, helping load various antibacterial drugs and biomolecules. Hybrid hydrogels may potentially possess antibacterial ability and osteogenic activity. This review summarizes the recent progress of different kinds of antibacterial agents (including inorganic, organic, and natural) encapsulated in hydrogels. Several representative hydrogels of each category and their antibacterial mechanism and effect on bone repair are presented. Moreover, the advantages and disadvantages of antibacterial agent hybrid hydrogels are discussed. The challenge and future research directions are further prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjiao Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (M.C.); (M.L.); (L.L.)
| | - Chengcheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;
| | - Mengxin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (M.C.); (M.L.); (L.L.)
| | - Xu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;
| | - Li Peng
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China;
| | - Lijia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (M.C.); (M.L.); (L.L.)
| | - Jinfeng Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;
| | - Jing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (M.C.); (M.L.); (L.L.)
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13
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Liu L, Wang C, Zhang M, Zhang Z, Wu Y, Zhang Y. An Efficient Evaluation System Accelerates α-Helical Antimicrobial Peptide Discovery and Its Application to Global Human Genome Mining. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:870361. [PMID: 35547131 PMCID: PMC9083330 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.870361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), as an important part of the innate immune system of an organism, is a kind of promising drug candidate for novel antibiotics due to their unique antibacterial mechanism. However, the discovery of novel AMPs is facing a great challenge due to the complexity of systematic experiments and the poor predictability of antimicrobial activity. Here, a novel and comprehensive screening system, the Multiple Descriptor Multiple Strategy (MultiDS), was proposed based on 59 physicochemical and structural parameters, three strategies, and four algorithms for the mining of α-helical AMPs. This approach was applied to mine the encrypted peptide antibiotics from the global human genome, including introns and exons. A library of approximately 70 billion peptides with 15–25 amino acid residues was screened by the MultiDS system and generated a list of peptides with the Multiple Descriptor Index (MD index) scores, which was the core part of the MultiDS system. Sixty peptides with top MD scores were chemically synthesized and experimentally tested their antimicrobial activity against 10 kinds of Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria (including drug-resistant pathogens). A total of fifty-nine out of 60 (98.3%) peptides exhibited antimicrobial activity (MIC ≤ 64 μg/mL), and 24 out of 60 (40%) peptides showed high activity (MIC ≤ 2 μg/mL), validating the MultiDS system was an effective and predictive screening tool with high hit rate and superior antimicrobial activity. For further investigation, AMPs S1, S2, and S3 with the highest MD scores were used to treat the skin infection mouse models in vivo caused by Escherichia coli, drug-resistance Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively. All of S1, S2, and S3 showed comparable therapeutic effects on promoting infection healing to or even better than the positive drug levofloxacin. A mechanism study discovered that rapid bactericidal action was caused by cell membrane disruption and content leakage. The MultiDS system not only provides a high-throughput approach that allows for the mining of candidate AMPs from the global genome sequence but also opens up a new route to accelerate the discovery of peptide antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Licheng Liu
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Caiyun Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Mengyue Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zixuan Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yingying Wu
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yixuan Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
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14
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Pandit G, Sarkar T, S. R. V, Debnath S, Satpati P, Chatterjee S. Delineating the Mechanism of Action of a Protease Resistant and Salt Tolerant Synthetic Antimicrobial Peptide against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:15951-15968. [PMID: 35571791 PMCID: PMC9097201 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Rapidly growing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) against antibiotics has propelled the development of synthetic antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) as potential antimicrobial agents. An antimicrobial peptide Nle-Dab-Trp-Nle-Dab-Dab-Nle-CONH2 (P36; Nle = norleucine, Dab = diaminobutyric acid, Trp = tryptophan) potent against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) has been developed in the present study. Rational design strategy adopted in this study led to the improvisation of the therapeutic qualities such as activity, salt tolerance, cytotoxicity, and protease resistance of the template peptide P4, which was earlier reported from our group. P36 exhibited salt tolerant antimicrobial potency against P. aeruginosa, along with very low cytotoxicity against mammalian cell lines. P36 was found to be nonhemolytic and resistant toward protease degradation which qualified it as a potent antimicrobial agent. We have investigated the mechanism of action of this molecule in detail using several experimental techniques (spectroscopic, biophysical, and microscopic) and molecular dynamics simulations. P36 was a membrane active AMP with membrane destabilization and deformation abilities, leading to leakage of the intracellular materials and causing eventual cell death. The interaction between P36 and the microbial membrane/membrane mimics was primarily driven by electrostatics. P36 was unstructured in water and upon binding to the microbial membrane mimic SDS, suggesting no influence of secondary structure on its antimicrobial potency. Positive charge, optimum hydrophobic-hydrophilic balance, and chain length remained the most important concerns to be addressed while designing small cationic antimicrobial peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopal Pandit
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology.
Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Tanumoy Sarkar
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology.
Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Vignesh S. R.
- Department
of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian
Institute of Technology. Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Swapna Debnath
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology.
Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Priyadarshi Satpati
- Department
of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian
Institute of Technology. Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Sunanda Chatterjee
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology.
Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
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15
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Green RM, Bicker KL. Development of an Anti-Biofilm Screening Technique Leads to the Discovery of a Peptoid with Efficacy against Candida albicans. ACS Infect Dis 2022; 8:310-320. [PMID: 35107257 PMCID: PMC9972850 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.1c00449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Bacteria and fungi can secrete and reside within a complex polysaccharide matrix, forming a biofilm that protects these pathogens from the immune response and conventional antibiotics. Because many microbial pathogens grow within biofilms in clinical settings, there is a need for antimicrobial agents effective against biofilm-protected infections. We report the adaptation of a phenotypic high-throughput assay for discovering antimicrobial peptoids toward the screening of combinatorial libraries against established biofilms. This method, termed the Inverted Peptoid Library Agar Diffusion (iPLAD) assay, required optimization of growth media, reducing reagent, and fungal viability reporter. Once optimized, iPLAD was used to screen a combinatorial peptoid library against Candida albicans, a biofilm-forming fungal pathogen responsible for most hospital-acquired infections. This screening resulted in a lipopeptoid termed RMG9-11 with excellent activity against several species of Candida, including drug-resistant strains of C. albicans and the emerging and dangerous C. auris. Additionally, the cytotoxicity of RMG9-11 against several mammalian cell lines was minimal. This work provides a new method for the identification of compounds effective against biofilm-protected pathogens and demonstrates its utility by identifying a promising anti-Candida peptoid.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Madison Green
- Department of Chemistry, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, Tennessee 37132, United States
| | - Kevin L. Bicker
- Department of Chemistry, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, Tennessee 37132, United States
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16
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Green RM, Bicker KL. Discovery and Characterization of a Rapidly Fungicidal and Minimally Toxic Peptoid against Cryptococcus neoformans. ACS Med Chem Lett 2021; 12:1470-1477. [PMID: 34531956 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.1c00327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
A limited number of antifungals are available to treat infections caused by fungal pathogens such as Cryptococcus neoformans and Candida albicans. Current clinical antifungals are generally toxic, and increasing resistance to these therapies is being observed, necessitating new, effective, and safe antifungals. Peptoids, or N-substituted glycines, have shown promise as antimicrobial agents against bacteria, fungi, and parasites. Herein we report the discovery and characterization of an antifungal peptoid termed RMG8-8. This compound was originally discovered from a combinatorial peptoid library using the Peptoid Library Agar Diffusion assay to screen against C. albicans. Though the efficacy of RMG8-8 against C. albicans was modest (25 μg/mL), the efficacy against C. neoformans was excellent (1.56 μg/mL). Cytotoxicity against a panel of cell lines proved RMG8-8 to be minimally toxic, with selectivity ratios ranging from 34 to 121. Additional studies were carried out to determine the pharmacological importance of each peptoid monomer in RMG8-8, characterize the killing kinetics of this compound against C. neoformans (t 1/2 = 6.5 min), and evaluate plasma protein binding and proteolytic stability. Finally, a liposomal lysis assay suggested that RMG8-8 likely exerts fungal killing through membrane permeabilization, the generally accepted mechanism of action for most antimicrobial peptides and peptoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Madison Green
- Department of Chemistry, Middle Tennessee State University, 1301 E. Main St., Murfreesboro, Tennessee 37132, United States
| | - Kevin L. Bicker
- Department of Chemistry, Middle Tennessee State University, 1301 E. Main St., Murfreesboro, Tennessee 37132, United States
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17
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Toole J, Bolt HL, Marley JJ, Patrick S, Cobb SL, Lundy FT. Peptoids with Antibiofilm Activity against the Gram Negative Obligate Anaerobe, Fusobacterium nucleatum. Molecules 2021; 26:4741. [PMID: 34443332 PMCID: PMC8398059 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptoids (oligo N-substituted glycines) are peptide analogues, which can be designed to mimic host antimicrobial peptides, with the advantage that they are resistant to proteolytic degradation. Few studies on the antimicrobial efficacy of peptoids have focused on Gram negative anaerobic microbes associated with clinical infections, which are commonly recalcitrant to antibiotic treatment. We therefore studied the cytotoxicity and antibiofilm activity of a family of peptoids against the Gram negative obligate anaerobe Fusobacterium nucleatum, which is associated with infections in the oral cavity. Two peptoids, peptoid 4 (NaeNpheNphe)4 and peptoid 9 (NahNspeNspe)3 were shown to be efficacious against F. nucleatum biofilms at a concentration of 1 μM. At this concentration, peptoids 4 and 9 were not cytotoxic to human erythrocytes or primary human gingival fibroblast cells. Peptoids 4 and 9 therefore have merit as future therapeutics for the treatment of oral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie Toole
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; (J.T.); (S.P.)
| | - Hannah L. Bolt
- Department of Chemistry, Biophysical Sciences Institute, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK;
| | - John J. Marley
- Department of Oral Surgery, Royal Victoria Hospital, Grosvenor Road, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK;
| | - Sheila Patrick
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; (J.T.); (S.P.)
| | - Steven L. Cobb
- Department of Chemistry, Biophysical Sciences Institute, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK;
| | - Fionnuala T. Lundy
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; (J.T.); (S.P.)
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18
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Yang W, Yoon Y, Lee Y, Oh H, Choi J, Shin S, Lee S, Lee H, Lee Y, Seo J. Photosensitizer-peptoid conjugates for photoinactivation of Gram-negative bacteria: structure-activity relationship and mechanistic studies. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:6546-6557. [PMID: 34259297 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00926e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Multitarget engagement is considered an effective strategy to overcome the threat of bacterial infection, and antimicrobials with multiple mechanisms of action have been successful as natural chemical weaponry. Here, we synthesized a library of photosensitizer-peptoid conjugates (PsPCs) as novel antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) agents. The peptoids, linkers, and photosensitizers were varied, and their structure-antimicrobial activity relationships against Escherichia coli were evaluated; PsPC 9 was indicated to be the most promising photoresponsive antimicrobial agent among the synthesized PsPCs. Spectroscopic analyses indicated that 9 generated singlet oxygen upon absorption of visible light (420 nm) while maintaining the weakly helical conformation of the peptoid. Mechanistic studies suggested that damage to the bacterial membrane and cleavage of DNA upon light irradiation were the main causes of bactericidal activity, which was supported by flow cytometry and DNA gel electrophoresis experiments. We demonstrated that the optimal combination of membrane-active peptoids and photosensitizers can generate an efficient aPDT agent that targets multiple sites of bacterial components and kills bacteria by membrane disruption and reactive oxygen species generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woojin Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, South Korea.
| | - Younggun Yoon
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, South Korea.
| | - Yunjee Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, South Korea.
| | - Hyeongyeol Oh
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, South Korea.
| | - Jieun Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, South Korea.
| | - Sujin Shin
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, South Korea.
| | - Seongsoo Lee
- Gwangju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), 49 Dosicheomdansaneopro, Nam-gu, Gwangju 61751, South Korea
| | - Hohjai Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, South Korea.
| | - Yunho Lee
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, South Korea.
| | - Jiwon Seo
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, South Korea.
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19
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Gan BH, Gaynord J, Rowe SM, Deingruber T, Spring DR. The multifaceted nature of antimicrobial peptides: current synthetic chemistry approaches and future directions. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:7820-7880. [PMID: 34042120 PMCID: PMC8689412 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00729c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial infections caused by 'superbugs' are increasing globally, and conventional antibiotics are becoming less effective against these bacteria, such that we risk entering a post-antibiotic era. In recent years, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have gained significant attention for their clinical potential as a new class of antibiotics to combat antimicrobial resistance. In this review, we discuss several facets of AMPs including their diversity, physicochemical properties, mechanisms of action, and effects of environmental factors on these features. This review outlines various chemical synthetic strategies that have been applied to develop novel AMPs, including chemical modifications of existing peptides, semi-synthesis, and computer-aided design. We will also highlight novel AMP structures, including hybrids, antimicrobial dendrimers and polypeptides, peptidomimetics, and AMP-drug conjugates and consider recent developments in their chemical synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bee Ha Gan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK.
| | - Josephine Gaynord
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK.
| | - Sam M Rowe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK.
| | - Tomas Deingruber
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK.
| | - David R Spring
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK.
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20
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Tetrahydropiperic acid (THPA) conjugated cationic hybrid dipeptides as antimicrobial agents. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2021; 74:480-483. [PMID: 33767455 DOI: 10.1038/s41429-021-00419-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The present work describes the synthesis of hybrid dipeptides H-Lys-Gpn-PEA, C1; H-Lys-β3,3AC6C-PEA, C2, and THPA conjugated dipeptides, THPA-Lys-Gpn-PEA, C3, and THPA-Lys-β3,3AC6C-PEA, C4. All the peptides were evaluated against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial strains. Among all, peptide C4 exhibited the most potent activity with MIC 1.56 μM against P. aeruginosa (MTCC 424) and S. aureus (MTCC 737). Further, time-kill kinetics, fluorescence assays, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies were performed in order to understand the mechanism of action and efficacy of peptide C4, The fluorescence assays and SEM images demonstrated the bacterial killing through membrane disruption. The peptide C4 exhibited very low hemolytic activity with negligible cytotoxicity against normal human breast cell line FR2.
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21
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Liu L, Courtney KC, Huth SW, Rank LA, Weisblum B, Chapman ER, Gellman SH. Beyond Amphiphilic Balance: Changing Subunit Stereochemistry Alters the Pore-Forming Activity of Nylon-3 Polymers. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:3219-3230. [PMID: 33611913 PMCID: PMC7944571 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c12731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Amphiphilic nylon-3 polymers have been reported to mimic the biological activities of natural antimicrobial peptides, with high potency against bacteria and minimal toxicity toward eukaryotic cells. Amphiphilic balance, determined by the proportions of hydrophilic and lipophilic subunits, is considered one of the most important features for achieving this activity profile for nylon-3 polymers and many other antimicrobial polymers. Insufficient hydrophobicity often correlates with weak activities against bacteria, whereas excessive hydrophobicity correlates with high toxicity toward eukaryotic cells. To ask whether factors beyond amphiphilic balance influence polymer activities, we synthesized and evaluated new nylon-3 polymers with two stereoisomeric subunits, each bearing an ethyl side chain and an aminomethyl side chain. Subunits that differ only in stereochemistry are predicted to contribute equally to amphiphilic balance, but we observed that the stereochemical difference correlates with significant changes in biological activity profile. Antibacterial activities were not strongly affected by subunit stereochemistry, but the ability to disrupt eukaryotic cell membranes varied considerably. Experiments with planar lipid bilayers and synthetic liposomes suggested that eukaryotic membrane disruption results from polymer-mediated formation of large pores. Collectively, our results suggest that factors other than amphiphilic balance influence the membrane activity profile of synthetic polymers. Subunits that differ in stereochemistry are likely to have distinct conformational propensities, which could potentially lead to differences in the average shapes of polymer chains, even when the subunits are heterochiral. These findings highlight a dimension of polymer design that should be considered more broadly in efforts to improve specificity and efficacy of antimicrobial polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Kevin C. Courtney
- Department
of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Howard
Hughes Medical Institute, University of
Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
| | - Sean W. Huth
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Leslie A. Rank
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Bernard Weisblum
- Department
of Pharmacology, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Edwin R. Chapman
- Department
of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Howard
Hughes Medical Institute, University of
Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
| | - Samuel H. Gellman
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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22
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Yokoo H, Hirano M, Misawa T, Demizu Y. Helical Antimicrobial Peptide Foldamers Containing Non-proteinogenic Amino Acids. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:1226-1233. [PMID: 33565721 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are potential novel therapeutic drugs against microbial infections. Most AMPs function by disrupting microbial membranes because of their amphipathic properties and ordered secondary structures. In this minireview, we describe recent efforts to develop helical AMP foldamers containing non-proteinogenic amino acids, such as α,α-disubstituted α-amino acids, β-amino acids, γ-amino acids, side-chain stapling and N-alkyl glycines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidetomo Yokoo
- Division of Organic Chemistry, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26, Tonomachi, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-9501, Japan
| | - Motoharu Hirano
- Division of Organic Chemistry, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26, Tonomachi, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-9501, Japan.,Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, 1-7-29, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Takashi Misawa
- Division of Organic Chemistry, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26, Tonomachi, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-9501, Japan
| | - Yosuke Demizu
- Division of Organic Chemistry, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26, Tonomachi, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-9501, Japan.,Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, 1-7-29, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
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23
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Falanga A, Del Genio V, Galdiero S. Peptides and Dendrimers: How to Combat Viral and Bacterial Infections. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:101. [PMID: 33466852 PMCID: PMC7830367 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13010101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The alarming growth of antimicrobial resistance and recent viral pandemic events have enhanced the need for novel approaches through innovative agents that are mainly able to attach to the external layers of bacteria and viruses, causing permanent damage. Antimicrobial molecules are potent broad-spectrum agents with a high potential as novel therapeutics. In this context, antimicrobial peptides, cell penetrating peptides, and antiviral peptides play a major role, and have been suggested as promising solutions. Furthermore, dendrimers are to be considered as suitable macromolecules for the development of advanced nanosystems that are able to complement the typical properties of dendrimers with those of peptides. This review focuses on the description of nanoplatforms constructed with peptides and dendrimers, and their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annarita Falanga
- Department of Agricultural Science, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via dell’Università 100, 80100 Portici, Italy
| | - Valentina Del Genio
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Stefania Galdiero
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy;
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24
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Nam HY, Choi J, Kumar SD, Nielsen JE, Kyeong M, Wang S, Kang D, Lee Y, Lee J, Yoon MH, Hong S, Lund R, Jenssen H, Shin SY, Seo J. Helicity Modulation Improves the Selectivity of Antimicrobial Peptoids. ACS Infect Dis 2020; 6:2732-2744. [PMID: 32865961 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The modulation of conformational flexibility in antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) has been investigated as a strategy to improve their efficacy against bacterial pathogens while reducing their toxicity. Here, we synthesized a library of helicity-modulated antimicrobial peptoids by the position-specific incorporation of helix-inducing monomers. The peptoids displayed minimal variations in hydrophobicity, which permitted the specific assessment of the effect of conformational differences on antimicrobial activity and selectivity. Among the moderately helical peptoids, the most dramatic increase in selectivity was observed in peptoid 17, providing more than a 20-fold increase compared to fully helical peptoid 1. Peptoid 17 had potent broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity that included clinically isolated multi-drug-resistant pathogens. Compared to pexiganan AMP, 17 showed superior metabolic stability, which could potentially reduce the dosage needed, alleviating toxicity. Dye-uptake assays and high-resolution imaging revealed that the antimicrobial activity of 17 was, as with many AMPs, mainly due to membrane disruption. However, the high selectivity of 17 reflected its unique conformational characteristics, with differential interactions between bacterial and erythrocyte membranes. Our results suggest a way to distinguish different membrane compositions solely by helicity modulation, thereby improving the selectivity toward bacterial cells with the maintenance of potent and broad-spectrum activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - S. Dinesh Kumar
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, and Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jiyoun Lee
- Department of Global Medical Science, Sungshin University, Seoul 01133, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Reidar Lund
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Oslo 0315, Norway
| | - Håvard Jenssen
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde DK-4000, Denmark
| | - Song Yub Shin
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, and Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
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25
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Frederiksen N, Hansen PR, Zabicka D, Tomczak M, Urbas M, Domraceva I, Björkling F, Franzyk H. Alternating Cationic-Hydrophobic Peptide/Peptoid Hybrids: Influence of Hydrophobicity on Antibacterial Activity and Cell Selectivity. ChemMedChem 2020; 15:2544-2561. [PMID: 33029927 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The influence of hydrophobicity on antibacterial activity versus the effect on the viability of mammalian cells for peptide/peptoid hybrids was examined for oligomers based on the cationic Lys-like peptoid residue combined with each of 28 hydrophobic amino acids in an alternating sequence. Their relative hydrophobicity was correlated to activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive species, human red blood cells, and HepG2 cells. This identified hydrophobic side chains that confer potent antibacterial activity (e. g., MICs of 2-8 μg/mL against E. coli) and low toxicity toward mammalian cells (<10 % hemolysis at 400 μg/mL and IC50 >800 μg/mL for HepG2 viability). Most peptidomimetics retained activity against drug-resistant strains. These findings corroborate the hypothesis that for related peptidomimetics two hydrophobicity thresholds may be identified: i) it should exceed a certain level in order to confer antibacterial activity, and ii) there is an upper limit, beyond which cell selectivity is lost. It is envisioned that once identified for a given subclass of peptide-like antibacterials such thresholds can guide further optimisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicki Frederiksen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 162, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Paul R Hansen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 162, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dorota Zabicka
- Department of Epidemiology and Clinical Microbiology, National Medicines Institute, ul. Chełmska 30/34, 00-725, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Tomczak
- Department of Epidemiology and Clinical Microbiology, National Medicines Institute, ul. Chełmska 30/34, 00-725, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Urbas
- Department of Epidemiology and Clinical Microbiology, National Medicines Institute, ul. Chełmska 30/34, 00-725, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ilona Domraceva
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, 1006, Riga, Latvia
| | - Fredrik Björkling
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 162, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Franzyk
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 162, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
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26
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Molchanova N, Nielsen JE, Sørensen KB, Prabhala BK, Hansen PR, Lund R, Barron AE, Jenssen H. Halogenation as a tool to tune antimicrobial activity of peptoids. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14805. [PMID: 32908179 PMCID: PMC7481290 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71771-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides have attracted considerable interest as potential new class of antibiotics against multi-drug resistant bacteria. However, their therapeutic potential is limited, in part due to susceptibility towards enzymatic degradation and low bioavailability. Peptoids (oligomers of N-substituted glycines) demonstrate proteolytic stability and better bioavailability than corresponding peptides while in many cases retaining antibacterial activity. In this study, we synthesized a library of 36 peptoids containing fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine atoms, which vary by length and level of halogen substitution in position 4 of the phenyl rings. As we observed a clear correlation between halogenation of an inactive model peptoid and its increased antimicrobial activity, we designed chlorinated and brominated analogues of a known peptoid and its shorter counterpart. Short brominated analogues displayed up to 32-fold increase of the activity against S. aureus and 16- to 64-fold against E. coli and P. aeruginosa alongside reduced cytotoxicity. The biological effect of halogens seems to be linked to the relative hydrophobicity and self-assembly properties of the compounds. By small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) we have demontrated how the self-assembled structures are dependent on the size of the halogen, degree of substitution and length of the peptoid, and correlated these features to their activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Molchanova
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Josefine Eilsø Nielsen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, 0315, Oslo, Norway
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Kristian B Sørensen
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Bala Krishna Prabhala
- Institute of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Section for Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Paul Robert Hansen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Reidar Lund
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, 0315, Oslo, Norway
| | - Annelise E Barron
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Medicine and School of Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
| | - Håvard Jenssen
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark.
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27
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Morton LD, Hillsley A, Austin MJ, Rosales AM. Tuning hydrogel properties with sequence-defined, non-natural peptoid crosslinkers. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:6925-6933. [PMID: 32436556 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb00683a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The native extracellular matrix (ECM) is composed of hierarchically structured biopolymers containing precise monomer sequences and chain shapes to yield bioactivity. Recapitulating this structure in synthetic hydrogels is of particular interest for tissue engineering and in vitro disease models to accurately mimic biological microenvironments. However, despite extensive research on hydrogels, it remains a challenge to recapitulate the hierarchical structure of native ECM with completely synthetic hydrogel platforms. Toward this end, this work presents a synthetic hydrogel system using commercially available poly(ethylene glycol) macromers with sequence-defined poly(N-substituted glycines) (peptoids) as crosslinkers. We demonstrate that bulk hydrogel mechanics, specifically as shear storage modulus, can be controlled by altering peptoid sequence and structure. Notably, the helical peptoid sequence investigated here increases the storage modulus of the resulting hydrogels with increasing helical content and chain length, in a fashion similar to helical peptide-crosslinked hydrogels. In addition, the resulting hydrogels are shown to be hydrolytically and enzymatically stable due to the N-substituted peptidomimetic backbone of the crosslinkers. We further demonstrate the potential utility of these peptoid-crosslinked hydrogels as a viable cell culture platform using seeded human dermal fibroblasts in comparison to peptide-crosslinked hydrogels as a control. Taken together, our system offers a strategy toward ECM mimics that replicate the hierarchy of biological matrices with completely synthetic, sequence-defined molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Logan D Morton
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
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28
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Lone A, Arnous A, Hansen PR, Mojsoska B, Jenssen H. Synthesis of Peptoids Containing Multiple Nhtrp and Ntrp Residues: A Comparative Study of Resin, Cleavage Conditions and Submonomer Protection. Front Chem 2020; 8:370. [PMID: 32411678 PMCID: PMC7201050 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptoids hold status as peptide-mimetics with versatile biological applications due to their proteolytic stability and structural diversity. Among those that have been studied in different biological systems, are peptoids with dominant balanced hydrophobic and charge distribution along the backbone. Tryptophan is an important amino acid found in many biologically active peptides. Tryptophan-like side chains in peptoids allow H-bonding, which is absent from the parent backbone, due to the unique indole ring. Furthermore, the rigid hydrophobic core and flat aromatic system influence the positioning in the hydrocarbon core and allows accommodating tryptophan-like side chains into the interfacial regions of bacterial membranes and causing bacterial membrane damage. Incorporating multiple tryptophan-like side chains in peptoids can be tricky and there is a lack of suitable, synthetic routes established. In this paper, we investigate the synthesis of peptoids rich in Nhtrp and Ntrp residues using different resins, cleavage conditions, and unprotected as well as tert-butyloxycarbonyl-protected amines suitable for automated solid-phase submonomer peptoid synthesis protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Lone
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark.,Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anis Arnous
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Paul Robert Hansen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Biljana Mojsoska
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Håvard Jenssen
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
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29
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Chen G, Miao Y, Ma C, Zhou M, Shi Z, Chen X, Burrows JF, Xi X, Chen T, Wang L. Brevinin-2GHk from Sylvirana guentheri and the Design of Truncated Analogs Exhibiting the Enhancement of Antimicrobial Activity. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9020085. [PMID: 32075067 PMCID: PMC7168151 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9020085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Brevinins are an important antimicrobial peptide (AMP) family discovered in the skin secretions of Ranidae frogs. The members demonstrate a typical C-terminal ranabox, as well as a diverse range of other structural characteristics. In this study, we identified a novel brevinin-2 peptide from the skin secretion of Sylvirana guentheri, via cloning transcripts, and identifying the expressed mature peptide, in the skin secretion. The confirmed amino acid sequence of the mature peptide was designated brevinin-2GHk (BR2GK). Moreover, as a previous study had demonstrated that the N-terminus of brevinin-2 is responsible for exerting antimicrobial activity, we also designed a series of truncated derivatives of BR2GK. The results show that the truncated derivatives exhibit significantly improved antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity compared to the parent peptide, except a Pro14 substituted analog. The circular dichroism (CD) analysis of this analog revealed that it did not fold into a helical conformation in the presence of either lipopolysaccharides (LPS) or TFE, indicating that position 14 is involved in the formation of the α-helix. Furthermore, three more analogs with the substitutions of Ala, Lys and Arg at the position 14, respectively, revealed the influence on the membrane disruption potency on bacteria and mammalian cells by the structural changes at this position. Overall, the N-terminal 25-mer truncates demonstrated the potent antimicrobial activity with low cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanzhu Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Northern Ireland BT9 7BL, UK; (G.C.); (Y.M.); (C.M.); (M.Z.); (X.C.); (J.F.B.); (T.C.); (L.W.)
| | - Yuxi Miao
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Northern Ireland BT9 7BL, UK; (G.C.); (Y.M.); (C.M.); (M.Z.); (X.C.); (J.F.B.); (T.C.); (L.W.)
| | - Chengbang Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Northern Ireland BT9 7BL, UK; (G.C.); (Y.M.); (C.M.); (M.Z.); (X.C.); (J.F.B.); (T.C.); (L.W.)
| | - Mei Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Northern Ireland BT9 7BL, UK; (G.C.); (Y.M.); (C.M.); (M.Z.); (X.C.); (J.F.B.); (T.C.); (L.W.)
| | - Zhanzhong Shi
- Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Middlesex University, London NW4 4BT, UK;
| | - Xiaoling Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Northern Ireland BT9 7BL, UK; (G.C.); (Y.M.); (C.M.); (M.Z.); (X.C.); (J.F.B.); (T.C.); (L.W.)
| | - James F. Burrows
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Northern Ireland BT9 7BL, UK; (G.C.); (Y.M.); (C.M.); (M.Z.); (X.C.); (J.F.B.); (T.C.); (L.W.)
| | - Xinping Xi
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Northern Ireland BT9 7BL, UK; (G.C.); (Y.M.); (C.M.); (M.Z.); (X.C.); (J.F.B.); (T.C.); (L.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-28-9097-1673
| | - Tianbao Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Northern Ireland BT9 7BL, UK; (G.C.); (Y.M.); (C.M.); (M.Z.); (X.C.); (J.F.B.); (T.C.); (L.W.)
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Northern Ireland BT9 7BL, UK; (G.C.); (Y.M.); (C.M.); (M.Z.); (X.C.); (J.F.B.); (T.C.); (L.W.)
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30
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Bicker KL, Cobb SL. Recent advances in the development of anti-infective peptoids. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:11158-11168. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc04704j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This feature article highlights the progress that has been made towards the development of novel anti-infective peptoids and the key areas for future development within this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin L. Bicker
- Department of Chemistry
- Middle Tennessee State University
- Murfreesboro
- USA
| | - Steven L Cobb
- Deparment of Chemistry
- Biophysical Sciences Institute
- Durham University
- Durham
- UK
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31
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Frederiksen N, Hansen PR, Björkling F, Franzyk H. Peptide/Peptoid Hybrid Oligomers: The Influence of Hydrophobicity and Relative Side-Chain Length on Antibacterial Activity and Cell Selectivity. Molecules 2019; 24:E4429. [PMID: 31817108 PMCID: PMC6943742 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24244429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous optimisation studies of peptide/peptoid hybrids typically comprise comparison of structurally related analogues displaying different oligomer length and diverse side chains. The present work concerns a systematically constructed series of 16 closely related 12-mer oligomers with an alternating cationic/hydrophobic design, representing a wide range of hydrophobicity and differences in relative side-chain lengths. The aim was to explore and rationalise the structure-activity relationships within a subclass of oligomers displaying variation of three structural features: (i) cationic side-chain length, (ii) hydrophobic side-chain length, and (iii) type of residue that is of a flexible peptoid nature. Increased side-chain length of cationic residues led to reduced hydrophobicity till the side chains became more extended than the aromatic/hydrophobic side chains, at which point hydrophobicity increased slightly. Evaluation of antibacterial activity revealed that analogues with lowest hydrophobicity exhibited reduced activity against E. coli, while oligomers with the shortest cationic side chains were most potent against P. aeruginosa. Thus, membrane-disruptive interaction with P. aeruginosa appears to be promoted by a hydrophobic surface of the oligomers (comprised of the aromatic groups shielding the cationic side chains). Peptidomimetics with short cationic side chains exhibit increased hemolytic properties as well as give rise to decreased HepG2 (hepatoblastoma G2 cell line) cell viability. An optimal hydrophobicity window could be defined by a threshold of minimal hydrophobicity conferring activity toward E. coli and a threshold for maximal hydrophobicity, beyond which cell selectivity was lost.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Henrik Franzyk
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 162, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (N.F.); (P.R.H.); (F.B.)
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32
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Zheng S, Wang Y, Liu W, Chang W, Liang G, Xu Y, Lin F. In Silico Prediction of Hemolytic Toxicity on the Human Erythrocytes for Small Molecules by Machine-Learning and Genetic Algorithm. J Med Chem 2019; 63:6499-6512. [PMID: 31282671 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Hemolytic toxicity of small molecules, as one of the important ADMET end points, can cause the lysis of erythrocytes membrane and leaking of hemoglobin into the blood plasma, which leads to various side effects. Thus, it is very crucial to assess the hemolytic potential of small molecules during the early stage of drug development process. However, so far there is no computational model to predict the human hemolytic toxicity of small molecules. To this end, we manually curate the hemolytic toxicity data set for the small molecules experimentally evaluated on the human erythrocytes, develop the first machine-learning (ML) based models to predict the human hemolytic toxicity of small molecules, harness the genetic algorithm (GA) and ML based model to optimize human hemolytic toxicity based on the molecular fingerprint to derive "optimal virtual fingerprints (OVFs)" with the desired hemolytic/nonhemolytic property, and finally implement a free software for the users to predict/optimize the human hemolytic toxicity with ML and GA in the automatic manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suqing Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang P. R. China.,Chemical Biology Research Center, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Yibing Wang
- Genetic Screening Center, National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing 102206, P. R. China.,Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Wenxin Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang P. R. China
| | - Wenping Chang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang P. R. China
| | - Guang Liang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang P. R. China.,Chemical Biology Research Center, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Yong Xu
- Center of Chemical Biology, Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, Guangdong P. R. China
| | - Fu Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang P. R. China
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33
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Andreev K, Martynowycz MW, Gidalevitz D. Peptoid drug discovery and optimization via surface X-ray scattering. Biopolymers 2019; 110:e23274. [PMID: 30892696 PMCID: PMC6661014 DOI: 10.1002/bip.23274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic polymers mimicking antimicrobial peptides have drawn considerable interest as potential therapeutics. N-substituted glycines, or peptoids, are recognized by their in vivo stability and ease of synthesis. Peptoids are thought to act primarily on the negatively charged lipids that are abundant in bacterial cell membranes. A mechanistic understanding of lipid-peptoid interaction at the molecular level will provide insights for rational design and optimization of peptoids. Here, we highlight recent studies that utilize synchrotron liquid surface X-ray scattering to characterize the underlying peptoid interactions with bacterial and eukaryotic membranes. Cellular membranes are highly complex, and difficult to characterize at the molecular level. Model systems including Langmuir monolayers, are used in these studies to reduce system complexity. The general workflow of these systems and the corresponding data analysis techniques are presented alongside recent findings. These studies investigate the role of peptoid physicochemical characteristics on membrane activity. Specifically, the roles of cationic charge, conformational constraint via macrocyclization, and hydrophobicity are shown to correlate their membrane interactions to biological activities in vitro. These structure-activity relationships have led to new insights into the mechanism of action by peptoid antimicrobials, and suggest optimization strategies for future therapeutics based on peptoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Andreev
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
| | | | - David Gidalevitz
- Center for the Molecular Study of Condensed Soft Matter and Department of Physics, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois
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34
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Austin MJ, Rosales AM. Tunable biomaterials from synthetic, sequence-controlled polymers. Biomater Sci 2019; 7:490-505. [PMID: 30628589 DOI: 10.1039/c8bm01215f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Polymeric biomaterials have many applications including therapeutic delivery vehicles, medical implants and devices, and tissue engineering scaffolds. Both naturally-derived and synthetic materials have successfully been used for these applications in the clinic. However, the increasing complexity of these applications requires materials with advanced properties, especially customizable or tunable materials with bioactivity. To address this issue, there have been recent efforts to better recapitulate the properties of natural materials using synthetic biomaterials composed of sequence-controlled polymers. Sequence control mimics the primary structure found in biopolymers, and in many cases, provides an extra handle for functionality in synthetic polymers. Here, we first review the advances in synthetic methods that have enabled sequence-controlled biomaterials on a relevant scale, and discuss strategies for choosing functional sequences from a biomaterials engineering context. Then, we highlight several recent studies that show strong impact of sequence control on biomaterial properties, including in vitro and in vivo behavior, in the areas of hydrogels, therapeutic materials, and novel applications such as molecular barcodes for medical devices. The role of sequence control in biomaterials properties is an emerging research area, and there remain many opportunities for investigation. Further study of this topic may significantly advance our understanding of bioactive or smart materials, as well as contribute design rules to guide the development of synthetic biomaterials for future applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariah J Austin
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
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35
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Zheng S, Wang Y, Liu H, Chang W, Xu Y, Lin F. Prediction of Hemolytic Toxicity for Saponins by Machine-Learning Methods. Chem Res Toxicol 2019; 32:1014-1026. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.8b00347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suqing Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P. R. China
- Chemical Biology Research Center, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P. R. China
| | - Yibing Wang
- Genetic Screening Center, National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing 102206, P. R. China
- Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Hongmei Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P. R. China
| | - Wenping Chang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P. R. China
| | - Yong Xu
- Center of Chemical Biology, Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Fu Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P. R. China
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36
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Greco I, Emborg AP, Jana B, Molchanova N, Oddo A, Damborg P, Guardabassi L, Hansen PR. Characterization, mechanism of action and optimization of activity of a novel peptide-peptoid hybrid against bacterial pathogens involved in canine skin infections. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3679. [PMID: 30842436 PMCID: PMC6403271 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39042-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Integumentary infections like pyoderma represent the main reason for antimicrobial prescription in dogs. Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are frequently identified in these infections, and both bacteria are challenging to combat due to resistance. To avoid use of important human antibiotics for treatment of animal infections there is a pressing need for novel narrow-spectrum antimicrobial agents in veterinary medicine. Herein, we characterize the in vitro activity of the novel peptide-peptoid hybrid B1 against canine isolates of S. pseudintermedius and P. aeruginosa. B1 showed potent minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) against canine S. pseudintermedius and P. aeruginosa isolates as well rapid killing kinetics. B1 was found to disrupt the membrane integrity and affect cell-wall synthesis in methicillin-resistant S. pseudintermedius (MRSP). We generated 28 analogues of B1, showing comparable haemolysis and MICs against MRSP and P. aeruginosa. The most active analogues (23, 26) and B1 were tested against a collection of clinical isolates from canine, of which only B1 showed potent activity. Our best compound 26, displayed activity against P. aeruginosa and S. pseudintermedius, but not the closely related S. aureus. This work shows that design of target-specific veterinary antimicrobial agents is possible, even species within a genus, and deserves further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Greco
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Agnete Plahn Emborg
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk, Brennum Park 1, 3400, Hilleroed, Denmark
| | - Bimal Jana
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, 1870, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Natalia Molchanova
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Roskilde University, Department of Science and Environment, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Alberto Oddo
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Krogshøjvej 44, 2820, Bagsværd, Denmark
| | - Peter Damborg
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, 1870, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Luca Guardabassi
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, 1870, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, AL9 7TA, Hatfield, Herts, United Kingdom
| | - Paul R Hansen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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37
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Middleton MP, Armstrong SA, Bicker KL. Improved potency and reduced toxicity of the antifungal peptoid AEC5 through submonomer modification. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:3514-3519. [PMID: 30297282 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
As proteolytically stable peptidomimetics, peptoids could serve as antifungal agents to supplement a therapeutic field wrought with toxicity issues. We report the improvement of an antifungal peptoid, AEC5, through an iterative structure-activity relationship study. A sarcosine scan was used to first identify the most pharmacophorically important peptoid building blocks of AEC5, followed by sequential optimization of each building block. The optimized antifungal peptoid from this study, β-5, has improved potency towards Cryptococcus neoformans and decreased toxicity towards mammalian cells. For example, the selectivity ratio for C. neoformans over mammalian fibroblasts was improved from 8 for AEC5 to 37 for β-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madyson P Middleton
- Middle Tennessee State University, Department of Chemistry, 1301 E. Main St., Murfreesboro, TN 37132, United States
| | - Scott A Armstrong
- Middle Tennessee State University, Department of Chemistry, 1301 E. Main St., Murfreesboro, TN 37132, United States
| | - Kevin L Bicker
- Middle Tennessee State University, Department of Chemistry, 1301 E. Main St., Murfreesboro, TN 37132, United States.
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38
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Lee Y, Seo J. Oxopiperazine capping: Formation of oxopiperazine-containing peptoids via C-terminal cyclization. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.09.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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39
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Yang G, Huang T, Wang Y, Wang H, Li Y, Yu K, Dong L. Sustained Release of Antimicrobial Peptide from Self-Assembling Hydrogel Enhanced Osteogenesis. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2018; 29:1812-1824. [PMID: 30035666 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2018.1504191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Biomaterials have been widely used in bone infection and osteomyelitis resulting from their versatile functionalities. As far as we know, the appearance of osteomyelitis was mainly caused by bacteria. Therefore, a biomaterial that can cure bone infection and promote osteogenesis may become an ideal candidate for the treatment of osteomyelitis. Cationic antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been proved to have an excellent ability to kill bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites. However, the application of AMPs in bone infection and osteomyelitis is quite limited. Here, we designed a new hydrogel that has an inhibitory effect on the proliferation of S. aureus and enhances osteogenesis. RADA16 self-assembling peptide has been applied for AMPs delivery. In this study, we demonstrated that RADA16 could form a stable structure and afford the sustained release of AMPs. The interwoven nanofiber morphology was detected by field emission scanning electron microscopy. The sustained release study revealed that the release of AMPs could be obtained until 28 days. In vitro research showed this new self-assembling hydrogel could promote the proliferation of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and inhibited the growth of S. aureus. More importantly, the results in vivo also proved that RADA16-AMP self-assembling peptide had an excellent effect on bone formation. Our findings implied that we successfully combined RADA16 and AMPs together and laid the foundation for the application of this new hydrogel and open new avenues for biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoli Yang
- a Department of Implantology , Stomatology Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , P. R. China
| | - Tingben Huang
- a Department of Implantology , Stomatology Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , P. R. China
| | - Ying Wang
- c Department of Oral Medicine , Stomatology Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , P. R. China
| | - Huiming Wang
- b Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery , Stomatology Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , P. R. China
| | - Yongzheng Li
- a Department of Implantology , Stomatology Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , P. R. China
| | - Ke Yu
- a Department of Implantology , Stomatology Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , P. R. China
| | - Lingling Dong
- c Department of Oral Medicine , Stomatology Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , P. R. China
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40
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Gavel PK, Dev D, Parmar HS, Bhasin S, Das AK. Investigations of Peptide-Based Biocompatible Injectable Shape-Memory Hydrogels: Differential Biological Effects on Bacterial and Human Blood Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:10729-10740. [PMID: 29537812 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b00501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Here, we report the self-assembly of Amoc (9-anthracenemethoxycarbonyl)-capped dipeptides, which self-assemble to form injectable, self-healable, and shape-memory hydrogels with inherent antibacterial properties. Amoc-capped dipeptides self-assemble to form nanofibrillar networks, which are established by several spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. The inherent antibacterial properties of hydrogels are evaluated using two Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and three Gram-negative Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonella typhi bacteria. These hydrogels exhibit potent antibacterial efficacy against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC50) for the hydrogels on Gram-positive bacteria are in the range of 10-200 μM hydrogelator concentrations. The biocompatibility and cytotoxicity of the hydrogels are evaluated using 3-(4,5-dimethythiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT), hemolysis, and lipid peroxidation (LPO) assay on human blood cells. The hydrogels are hemocompatible and they decrease LPO values on human red blood cells probably via increased cellular stability against oxidative stress. Furthermore, MTT data show that the hydrogels are biocompatible and promote cell viability and proliferation on cultured human white blood cells. Taken together, these results may suggest that our designed injectable hydrogels could be useful to prevent localized bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pramod K Gavel
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Indore , Indore 453552 , India
| | - Dharm Dev
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Indore , Indore 453552 , India
| | - Hamendra S Parmar
- School of Biotechnology , Devi Ahilya University , Indore 452001 , India
| | - Sheetal Bhasin
- Department of Biosciences , Maharaja Ranjit Singh College of Professional Studies , Indore 452001 , India
| | - Apurba K Das
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Indore , Indore 453552 , India
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