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Harrison K, Loundagin L, Hiebert B, Panahifar A, Zhu N, Marchiori D, Arnason T, Swekla K, Pivonka P, Cooper D. Glucocorticoids disrupt longitudinal advance of cortical bone basic multicellular units in the rabbit distal tibia. Bone 2024; 187:117171. [PMID: 38901788 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2024.117171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are the leading cause of secondary osteoporosis. The emerging perspective, derived primarily from 2D histological study of trabecular bone, is that GC-induced bone loss arises through the uncoupling of bone formation and resorption at the level of the basic multicellular unit (BMU), which carries out bone remodeling. Here we explore the impact of GCs on cortical bone remodeling in the rabbit model. Based upon the rapid reduction of bone formation and initial elevation of resorption caused by GCs, we hypothesized that the rate of advance (longitudinal erosion rate; LER) of cortical BMUs would be increased. To test this hypothesis we divided 20 female New Zealand White rabbits into four experimental groups: ovariohysterectomy (OVH), glucocorticoid (GC), OVH + GC and SHAM controls (n = 5 animals each). Ten weeks post-surgery (OVH or sham), and two weeks after the initiation of dosing (daily subcutaneous injections of 1.5 mg/kg of methylprednisolone sodium succinate in the GC-treated groups and 1 ml of saline for the others), the right tibiae were scanned in vivo using Synchrotron Radiation (SR) in-line phase contrast micro-CT at the Canadian Light Source. After an additional 2 weeks of dosing, the rabbits were euthanized and ex vivo images were collected using desktop micro-CT. The datasets were co-registered in 3D and LER was calculated as the distance traversed by BMU cutting-cones in the 14-day interval between scans. Counter to our hypothesis, LER was greatly reduced in GC-treated rabbits. Mean LER was lower in GC (4.27 μm/d; p < 0.001) and OVH + GC (4.19 μm/d; p < 0.001), while similar in OVH (40.13 μm/d; p = 0.990), compared to SHAM (40.44 μm/d). This approximately 90 % reduction in LER with GCs was also associated with an overall disruption of BMU progression, with radial expansion of the remodeling space occurring in all directions. This unexpected outcome suggests that GCs do not simply uncouple formation and resorption within cortical BMUs and highlights the value of the time-lapsed 4D approach employed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Harrison
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Lindsay Loundagin
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Beverly Hiebert
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada; Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Arash Panahifar
- BioMedical Imaging and Therapy Beamline, Canadian Light Source, Saskatoon, Canada; Department of Medical Imaging, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Ning Zhu
- BioMedical Imaging and Therapy Beamline, Canadian Light Source, Saskatoon, Canada; Division of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Denver Marchiori
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Terra Arnason
- Medicine Dept of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Kurtis Swekla
- Animal Care and Research Support Office, Office of the Vice President of Research, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Peter Pivonka
- School of Mechanical, Medical, and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - David Cooper
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.
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Kolipaka R, Magesh I, Bharathy MA, Karthik S, Saranya I, Selvamurugan N. A potential function for MicroRNA-124 in normal and pathological bone conditions. Noncoding RNA Res 2024; 9:687-694. [PMID: 38577015 PMCID: PMC10990750 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2024.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Cells produce short single-stranded non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) called microRNAs (miRNAs), which actively regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level. Several miRNAs have been observed to exert significant impacts on bone health and bone-related disorders. One of these, miR-124, is observed in bone microenvironments and is conserved across species. It affects bone cell growth and differentiation by activating different transcription factors and signaling pathways. In-depth functional analyses of miR-124 have revealed several physiological and pathological roles exerted through interactions with other ncRNAs. Deciphering these RNA-mediated signaling networks and pathways is essential for understanding the potential impacts of dysregulated miRNA functions on bone biology. In this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive analysis of miR-124's involvement in bone physiology and pathology. We highlight the importance of miR-124 in controlling transcription factors and signaling pathways that promote bone growth. This review reveals therapeutic implications for the treatment of bone-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rushil Kolipaka
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Induja Magesh
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M.R. Ashok Bharathy
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S. Karthik
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - I. Saranya
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N. Selvamurugan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
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Wölfel EM, Fernandez-Guerra P, Nørgård MØ, Jeromdesella S, Kjær PK, Elkjær AS, Kassem M, Figeac F. Senescence of skeletal stem cells and their contribution to age-related bone loss. Mech Ageing Dev 2024; 221:111976. [PMID: 39111640 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2024.111976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/18/2024]
Abstract
Human aging is linked to bone loss, resulting in bone fragility and an increased risk of fractures. This is primarily due to an age-related decline in the function of bone-forming osteoblastic cells and accelerated cellular senescence within the bone microenvironment. Here, we provide a detailed discussion of the hypothesis that age-related defective bone formation is caused by senescence of skeletal stem cells, as they are the main source of bone forming osteoblastic cells and influence the composition of bone microenvironment. Furthermore, this review discusses potential strategies to target cellular senescence as an emerging approach to treat age-related bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva M Wölfel
- Molecular Endocrinology Unit, KMEB, Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Winsløws Vej 4, Odense C 5000, Denmark.
| | - Paula Fernandez-Guerra
- Molecular Endocrinology Unit, KMEB, Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Winsløws Vej 4, Odense C 5000, Denmark.
| | - Mikkel Ørnfeldt Nørgård
- Molecular Endocrinology Unit, KMEB, Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Winsløws Vej 4, Odense C 5000, Denmark.
| | - Shakespeare Jeromdesella
- Molecular Endocrinology Unit, KMEB, Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Winsløws Vej 4, Odense C 5000, Denmark.
| | - Pernille Kirkegaard Kjær
- Molecular Endocrinology Unit, KMEB, Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Winsløws Vej 4, Odense C 5000, Denmark.
| | - Anna Sofie Elkjær
- Molecular Endocrinology Unit, KMEB, Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Winsløws Vej 4, Odense C 5000, Denmark.
| | - Moustapha Kassem
- Molecular Endocrinology Unit, KMEB, Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Winsløws Vej 4, Odense C 5000, Denmark; Institute of Cellular and Molecular Medicine (ICMM), Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, 3B Blegdamsvej, Copenhagen N 2200, Denmark.
| | - Florence Figeac
- Molecular Endocrinology Unit, KMEB, Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Winsløws Vej 4, Odense C 5000, Denmark.
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Quarato ER, Salama NA, Calvi LM. Interplay Between Skeletal and Hematopoietic Cells in the Bone Marrow Microenvironment in Homeostasis and Aging. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2024; 22:416-432. [PMID: 38782850 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-024-00874-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW In this review, we discuss the most recent scientific advances on the reciprocal regulatory interactions between the skeletal and hematopoietic stem cell niche, focusing on immunomodulation and its interplay with the cell's mitochondrial function, and how this impacts osteoimmune health during aging and disease. RECENT FINDINGS Osteoimmunology investigates interactions between cells that make up the skeletal stem cell niche and immune system. Much work has investigated the complexity of the bone marrow microenvironment with respect to the skeletal and hematopoietic stem cells that regulate skeletal formation and immune health respectively. It has now become clear that these cellular components cooperate to maintain homeostasis and that dysfunction in their interaction can lead to aging and disease. Having a deeper, mechanistic appreciation for osteoimmune regulation will lead to better research perspective and therapeutics with the potential to improve the aging process, skeletal and hematologic regeneration, and disease targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily R Quarato
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
| | - Noah A Salama
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
| | - Laura M Calvi
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
- Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
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Wei Z, Zhou J, Shen J, Sun D, Gao T, Liu Q, Wu H, Wang X, Wang S, Xiao S, Han C, Yang D, Dong H, Wu Y, Zhang Y, Xu S, Wang X, Luo J, Dai Q, Zhu J, Lin S, Luo F, Tian Y, Xie Z. Osteostaticytes: A novel osteoclast subset couples bone resorption and bone formation. J Orthop Translat 2024; 47:144-160. [PMID: 39027343 PMCID: PMC11254843 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2024.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Osteomyelitis (OM) is an inflammatory condition of bone characterized by cortical bone devascularization and necrosis. Dysregulation of bone remodelling is triggered by OM. Bone remodelling is precisely coordinated by bone resorption and formation via a reversal phase. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying bone remodelling failure after osteomyelitis remain elusive. Methods To elucidate the cellular and molecular mechanism underlying bone healing after osteomyelitis, we employed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to depict the atlas of human cortical bone in normal, infected and reconstructed states. Dimensionality reduction by t-stochastic neighbourhood embedding (t-SNE) and graph-based clustering were applied to analyse the detailed clusters of osteoclast lineages. After trajectory analysis of osteoclast lineages over pseudotime, real-time PCR and immunofluorescence (IF) staining were applied to identify marker gene expression of various osteoclast lineages in the osteoclast induction model and human bone sections, respectively. The potential function and communication of osteoclasts were analysed via gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and CellChat. The chemotactic ability of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and osteoclast lineage cells in various differentiation states was determined by transwell assays and coculture assays. The effects of various osteoclast lineages on the osteogenic differentiation potential of MSCs were also determined by using this coculture system. A normal mouse tibia fracture model and an osteomyelitis-related tibia fracture model were generated via injection of luciferase-labelled Staphylococcus aureus to verify the relationships between a novel osteoclast lineage and MSCs. Then, the infection was detected by a bioluminescence imaging system. Finally, immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the expression of markers of MSCs and novel osteoclast lineages in different remodelling phases in normal and infected bone remodelling models. Results In this study, we constructed a cell atlas encompassing normal, infected, and reconstructed cortical bone. Then, we identified a novel subset at the earlier stage of the osteoclast lineage that exhibited increased expression of IDO1, CCL3, and CCL4. These IDO1highCCL3highCCL4high cells, termed osteostaticytes (OSCs), were further regarded as the reservoir of osteoclasts in the reversal phase. Notably, OSCs exhibited the highest chemotactic activity, surpassing other lineage subsets. We also discovered that cells at the earlier stage of the osteoclast lineage play a significant role in recruiting mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Finally, the data revealed that OSCs might be positively related to the occurrence of bone MSCs and the contribution of bone remodelling. Conclusion Collectively, our findings revealed a novel stage (OSC) within the osteoclast lineage, potentially representing elusive bone reversal cells due to its increased chemotactic ability towards MSCs and potential contribution to bone remodelling. This study provides valuable insights into the intricate mechanisms of the reversal phase during bone remodelling and unveils potential therapeutic strategies for diseases associated with bone uncoupling. Translational potential of this article This study identified a new subset, referred to as IDO1(plus symbol) CCL3(plus symbol) CCL4(plus symbol) osteostaticytes which displayed the highest chemotactic activity among all osteoclast lineages and may serve as reversal cells in bone remodelling. These findings offer new insights and insights for understanding bone reversal-related diseases and may serve as novel therapeutic targets for conditions such as osteomyelitis and delayed bone healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Biomedical Analysis Center, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
| | - Dong Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
| | - Tianbao Gao
- Biomedical Analysis Center, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
| | - Qin Liu
- Biomedical Analysis Center, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
| | - Hongri Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
| | - Xiaohua Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
| | - Shulin Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
| | - Shiyu Xiao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
| | - Chao Han
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
| | - Di Yang
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
| | - Hui Dong
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yuzhang Wu
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Chongqing International Institute for Immunology, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Shuai Xu
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
| | - Xian Wang
- Department of Immunology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, PR China
| | - Jie Luo
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
| | - Qijie Dai
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Shanghai Introncure Biotechnology, Inc., People's Republic of China, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Sien Lin
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Fei Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yi Tian
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
| | - Zhao Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
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Bouvard B, Mabilleau G. Gut hormones and bone homeostasis: potential therapeutic implications. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2024:10.1038/s41574-024-01000-z. [PMID: 38858581 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-024-01000-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Bone resorption follows a circadian rhythm, with a marked reduction in circulating markers of resorption (such as carboxy-terminal telopeptide region of collagen type I in serum) in the postprandial period. Several gut hormones, including glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1) and GLP2, have been linked to this effect in humans and rodent models. These hormones are secreted from enteroendocrine cells in the gastrointestinal tract in response to a variety of stimuli and effect a wide range of physiological processes within and outside the gut. Single GLP1, dual GLP1-GIP or GLP1-glucagon and triple GLP1-GIP-glucagon receptor agonists have been developed for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity. In addition, single GIP, GLP1 and GLP2 analogues have been investigated in preclinical studies as novel therapeutics to improve bone strength in bone fragility disorders. Dual GIP-GLP2 analogues have been developed that show therapeutic promise for bone fragility in preclinical studies and seem to exert considerable activity at the bone material level. This Review summarizes the evidence of the action of gut hormones on bone homeostasis and physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Béatrice Bouvard
- Univ Angers, Nantes Université, ONIRIS, Inserm, RMeS UMR 1229, Angers, France
- CHU Angers, Service de Rhumatologie, Angers, France
| | - Guillaume Mabilleau
- Univ Angers, Nantes Université, ONIRIS, Inserm, RMeS UMR 1229, Angers, France.
- CHU Angers, Departement de Pathologie Cellulaire et Tissulaire, Angers, France.
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Castoldi NM, Pickering E, Sansalone V, Cooper D, Pivonka P. Bone turnover and mineralisation kinetics control trabecular BMDD and apparent bone density: insights from a discrete statistical bone remodelling model. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2024; 23:893-909. [PMID: 38280951 PMCID: PMC11101591 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-023-01812-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
The mechanical quality of trabecular bone is influenced by its mineral content and spatial distribution, which is controlled by bone remodelling and mineralisation. Mineralisation kinetics occur in two phases: a fast primary mineralisation and a secondary mineralisation that can last from several months to years. Variations in bone turnover and mineralisation kinetics can be observed in the bone mineral density distribution (BMDD). Here, we propose a statistical spatio-temporal bone remodelling model to study the effects of bone turnover (associated with the activation frequency Ac . f ) and mineralisation kinetics (associated with secondary mineralisation T sec ) on BMDD. In this model, individual basic multicellular units (BMUs) are activated discretely on trabecular surfaces that undergo typical bone remodelling periods. Our results highlight that trabecular BMDD is strongly regulated by Ac . f and T sec in a coupled way. Ca wt% increases with lower Ac . f and short T sec . For example, aAc . f = 4 BMU/year/mm3 and T sec = 8 years result in a mean Ca wt% of 25, which is in accordance with Ca wt% values reported in quantitative backscattered electron imaging (qBEI) experiments. However, for lower Ac . f and shorter T sec (from 0.5 to 4 years) one obtains a high Ca wt% and a very narrow skew BMDD to the right. This close link between Ac . f and T sec highlights the importance of considering both characteristics to draw meaningful conclusion about bone quality. Overall, this model represents a new approach to modelling healthy and diseased bone and can aid in developing deeper insights into disease states like osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia M Castoldi
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
- UMR 8208, MSME, Univ Paris Est Creteil, Univ Gustave Eiffel, CNRS, Créteil, France.
| | - Edmund Pickering
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Vittorio Sansalone
- UMR 8208, MSME, Univ Paris Est Creteil, Univ Gustave Eiffel, CNRS, Créteil, France
| | - David Cooper
- Department of Anatomy Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Peter Pivonka
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
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Yang DH, Nah H, Lee D, Min SJ, Park S, An SH, Wang J, He H, Choi KS, Ko WK, Lee JS, Kwon IK, Lee SJ, Heo DN. A review on gold nanoparticles as an innovative therapeutic cue in bone tissue engineering: Prospects and future clinical applications. Mater Today Bio 2024; 26:101016. [PMID: 38516171 PMCID: PMC10952045 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone damage is a complex orthopedic problem primarily caused by trauma, cancer, or bacterial infection of bone tissue. Clinical care management for bone damage remains a significant clinical challenge and there is a growing need for more advanced bone therapy options. Nanotechnology has been widely explored in the field of orthopedic therapy for the treatment of a severe bone disease. Among nanomaterials, gold nanoparticles (GNPs) along with other biomaterials are emerging as a new paradigm for treatment with excellent potential for bone tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications. In recent years, a great deal of research has focused on demonstrating the potential for GNPs to provide for enhancement of osteogenesis, reduction of osteoclastogenesis/osteomyelitis, and treatment of bone cancer. This review details the latest understandings in regards to GNPs based therapeutic systems, mechanisms, and the applications of GNPs against various bone disorders. The present review aims to summarize i) the mechanisms of GNPs in bone tissue remodeling, ii) preparation methods of GNPs, and iii) functionalization of GNPs and its decoration on biomaterials as a delivery vehicle in a specific bone tissue engineering for future clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae Hyeok Yang
- Institute of Cell and Tissue Engineering, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Haram Nah
- Department of Dentistry, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-Ro, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghyun Lee
- Preclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF), 80 Cheombok-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu, 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Jun Min
- Department of Dentistry, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-Ro, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Seulki Park
- Preclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF), 80 Cheombok-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu, 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyun An
- Preclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF), 80 Cheombok-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu, 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Jianxin Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Huining He
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Kyu-Sun Choi
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, 222, Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan-Kyu Ko
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Jae Seo Lee
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Il Keun Kwon
- Department of Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-Ro, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Kyung Hee University Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, 23 Kyungheedae-Ro, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Jin Lee
- Biofunctional Materials, Division of Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 34 Hospital Road, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Dong Nyoung Heo
- Department of Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-Ro, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Biofriends Inc, 26 Kyungheedae-Ro, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
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Bohns FR, Akhtar R, Chuang YJ, Chen PY. Bone quality in zebrafish vertebrae improves after alendronate administration in a glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis model. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2024; 154:106521. [PMID: 38555661 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) changes the microarchitecture of bones and often leads to the reduction of bone-mineral density (BMD) and increased fracture rates. Zebrafish has been used as an alternative model for GIOP, however, the interaction of GIOP, and its treatment, with zebrafish bone morphometrics and mechanical properties, remains a challenge. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of prednisolone and alendronate on the properties of zebrafish vertebrae. Adult 7-month-old zebrafish were distributed into four groups: control (CTRL), prednisolone-only (PN), alendronate-only (ALN), and the sequential use of both medicines (PN + ALN). Fish skeletons were scanned via micro-tomography (n = 3) to obtain vertebra morphometrics (e.g., BMD). Bone morphology was assessed using scanning electron microscopy (n = 4) and the biomechanical behaviour with nanoindentation technique (n = 3). The BMD decreased in PN (426.08 ± 18.58 mg/cm3) and ALN (398.23 ± 10.20 mg/cm3) groups compared to the CTRL (490.43 ± 41.96 mg/cm3) (p < 0.001); however, administering the medicines in sequence recovered the values to healthy levels (495.43 ± 22.06 mg/cm3) (p > 0.05). The bone layered structures remain preserved in all groups. The vertebrae of the groups that received ALN and PN + ALN, displayed higher modulus of elasticity (27.27 ± 1.59 GPa and 25.68 ± 2.07 GPa, respectively) than the CTRL (22.74 ± 1.60 GP) (p < 0.001). ALN alone increased the hardness of zebrafish vertebrae to the highest value among the treatments (1.32 ± 0.13 GPa) (p < 0.001). Conversely, PN + ALN (1.25 ± 0.11 GPa) showed unaltered hardness from the CTRL (1.18 ± 0.13 GPa), but significantly higher than the PN group (1.08 ± 0.12 GPa) (p < 0.001). ALN administered after GIOP development, rescued osteoporotic condition by recovering the BMD and bone hardness in zebrafish vertebrae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Rocha Bohns
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK; International Intercollegiate Ph.D. Program, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Riaz Akhtar
- Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Yung-Jen Chuang
- School of Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yu Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
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10
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Lewis JW, Frost K, Neag G, Wahid M, Finlay M, Northall EH, Abudu O, Kemble S, Davis ET, Powell E, Palmer C, Lu J, Rainger GE, Iqbal AJ, Chimen M, Mahmood A, Jones SW, Edwards JR, Naylor AJ, McGettrick HM. Therapeutic avenues in bone repair: Harnessing an anabolic osteopeptide, PEPITEM, to boost bone growth and prevent bone loss. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101574. [PMID: 38776873 PMCID: PMC11148860 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The existing suite of therapies for bone diseases largely act to prevent further bone loss but fail to stimulate healthy bone formation and repair. We describe an endogenous osteopeptide (PEPITEM) with anabolic osteogenic activity, regulating bone remodeling in health and disease. PEPITEM acts directly on osteoblasts through NCAM-1 signaling to promote their maturation and formation of new bone, leading to enhanced trabecular bone growth and strength. Simultaneously, PEPITEM stimulates an inhibitory paracrine loop: promoting osteoblast release of the decoy receptor osteoprotegerin, which sequesters RANKL, thereby limiting osteoclast activity and bone resorption. In disease models, PEPITEM therapy halts osteoporosis-induced bone loss and arthritis-induced bone damage in mice and stimulates new bone formation in osteoblasts derived from patient samples. Thus, PEPITEM offers an alternative therapeutic option in the management of diseases with excessive bone loss, promoting an endogenous anabolic pathway to induce bone remodeling and redress the imbalance in bone turnover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan W Lewis
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2WB, UK
| | - Kathryn Frost
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2WB, UK
| | - Georgiana Neag
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2WB, UK
| | - Mussarat Wahid
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2WB, UK
| | - Melissa Finlay
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2WB, UK
| | - Ellie H Northall
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2WB, UK
| | - Oladimeji Abudu
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2WB, UK
| | - Samuel Kemble
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2WB, UK
| | - Edward T Davis
- Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Bristol Road, Birmingham B31 2AP, UK
| | - Emily Powell
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2WB, UK
| | - Charlotte Palmer
- Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LD, UK
| | - Jinsen Lu
- Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LD, UK
| | - G Ed Rainger
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Asif J Iqbal
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Myriam Chimen
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2WB, UK
| | - Ansar Mahmood
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2GW, UK
| | - Simon W Jones
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2WB, UK
| | - James R Edwards
- Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LD, UK
| | - Amy J Naylor
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2WB, UK
| | - Helen M McGettrick
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2WB, UK.
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11
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Dufrancais O, Verdys P, Métais A, Juzans M, Sanchez T, Bergert M, Plozza M, Halper J, Panebianco CJ, Mascarau R, Gence R, Arnaud G, Neji MB, Maridonneau-Parini I, Cabec VL, Boerckel JD, Pavlos NJ, Diz-Muñoz A, Lagarrigue F, Blin-Wakkach C, Carréno S, Poincloux R, Burkhardt JK, Raynaud-Messina B, Vérollet C. Moesin activation controls bone resorption and tunneling nanotube-dependent osteoclast fusion. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.13.593799. [PMID: 38798563 PMCID: PMC11118517 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.13.593799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Osteoclasts are multinucleated cells unique in their ability to resorb bone. Osteoclastogenesis involves several steps of actin-driven rearrangements that participate not only in the cell-cell fusion process, but also in the formation of the sealing zone, the adhesive structure determining the resorption area. Despite the importance of these actin cytoskeleton-based processes, their precise mechanisms of regulation are still poorly characterized. Here, we found that moesin, a member of the Ezrin/Radixin/Moesin (ERM) protein family, is activated during osteoclast maturation and plays an instrumental role for both osteoclast fusion and function. In mouse and human osteoclast precursors, moesin is negatively regulated to potentiate their ability to fuse and degrade bone. Accordingly, we demonstrated that moesin depletion decreases membrane-to-cortex attachment and enhances formation of tunneling nanotubes (TNTs), F-actin-containing intercellular bridges that we revealed to trigger osteoclast fusion. In addition, via a β3-integrin/RhoA/SLK pathway and independently of its role in fusion, moesin regulates the number and organization of sealing zones in mature osteoclast, and thus participates in the control of bone resorption. Supporting these findings, we found that moesin-deficient mice are osteopenic with a reduced density of trabecular bones and increased osteoclast abundance and activity. These findings provide a better understanding of the regulation of osteoclast biology, and open new opportunities to specifically target osteoclast activity in bone disease therapy.
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12
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Kim M, Park JH, Go M, Lee N, Seo J, Lee H, Kim D, Ha H, Kim T, Jeong MS, Kim S, Kim T, Kim HS, Kang D, Shim H, Lee SY. RUFY4 deletion prevents pathological bone loss by blocking endo-lysosomal trafficking of osteoclasts. Bone Res 2024; 12:29. [PMID: 38744829 PMCID: PMC11094054 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-024-00326-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Mature osteoclasts degrade bone matrix by exocytosis of active proteases from secretory lysosomes through a ruffled border. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying lysosomal trafficking and secretion in osteoclasts remain largely unknown. Here, we show with GeneChip analysis that RUN and FYVE domain-containing protein 4 (RUFY4) is strongly upregulated during osteoclastogenesis. Mice lacking Rufy4 exhibited a high trabecular bone mass phenotype with abnormalities in osteoclast function in vivo. Furthermore, deleting Rufy4 did not affect osteoclast differentiation, but inhibited bone-resorbing activity due to disruption in the acidic maturation of secondary lysosomes, their trafficking to the membrane, and their secretion of cathepsin K into the extracellular space. Mechanistically, RUFY4 promotes late endosome-lysosome fusion by acting as an adaptor protein between Rab7 on late endosomes and LAMP2 on primary lysosomes. Consequently, Rufy4-deficient mice were highly protected from lipopolysaccharide- and ovariectomy-induced bone loss. Thus, RUFY4 plays as a new regulator in osteoclast activity by mediating endo-lysosomal trafficking and have a potential to be specific target for therapies against bone-loss diseases such as osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhee Kim
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, South Korea
| | - Jin Hee Park
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, South Korea
- The Research Center for Cellular Homeostasis, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, South Korea
| | - Miyeon Go
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, South Korea
| | - Nawon Lee
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, South Korea
| | - Jeongin Seo
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, South Korea
| | - Hana Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju, 26493, South Korea
| | - Doyong Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju, 26493, South Korea
| | - Hyunil Ha
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, 34054, South Korea
| | - Taesoo Kim
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, 34054, South Korea
| | - Myeong Seon Jeong
- Chuncheon Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Suree Kim
- Fluorescence Core Imaging Center and Bioimaging Data Curation Center, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, South Korea
| | - Taesoo Kim
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, South Korea
- The Research Center for Cellular Homeostasis, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, South Korea
- Multitasking Macrophage Research Center, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, South Korea
| | - Han Sung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju, 26493, South Korea
| | - Dongmin Kang
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, South Korea
- Fluorescence Core Imaging Center and Bioimaging Data Curation Center, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, South Korea
| | - Hyunbo Shim
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, South Korea
| | - Soo Young Lee
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, South Korea.
- The Research Center for Cellular Homeostasis, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, South Korea.
- Multitasking Macrophage Research Center, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, South Korea.
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13
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Agostinete RR, Werneck AO, Narciso PH, Ubago-Guisado E, Coelho-E-Silva MJ, Bielemann RM, Gobbo LA, Lynch BT, Fernandes RA, Vlachopoulos D. Resistance training presents beneficial effects on bone development of adolescents engaged in swimming but not in impact sports: ABCD Growth Study. BMC Pediatr 2024; 24:247. [PMID: 38594697 PMCID: PMC11003018 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-024-04634-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sports practice during adolescence is important to enhance bone development, although it may provide different effects depending on the mechanical impact present in the sport. Besides, resistance training (RT) may also induce bone changes directly (via muscle contractions) and indirectly (via myokines). However, there have been no studies analyzing the longitudinal influence of engaging in sport with and without added mechanical load. Thus, this study aims to analyze the combined effects of sports participation and resistance training on areal bone mineral density (aBMD) accrual in adolescent athletes participating in swimming and impact sports for 12-months. METHODS This was a 12-month longitudinal study. The sample comprised 91 adolescents (21 females) aged 10 to 18 years, engaged in impact sports (basketball, tennis, track & field, baseball and gymnastics, n = 66) and non-impact sport (swimming, n = 25). The sample was divided according to resistance training participation: impact sports only (n = 45), impact sports + resistance training (n = 21), swimming-only (n = 17) and swimming + resistance training (n = 8). aBMD and soft tissues were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Generalized linear models analysis was used for the resistance training (RT) x type of sport interaction in predicting aBMD changes overtime, adjusting for maturation, sex and baseline aBMD. RESULTS After 12-months, all groups showed a significant increase in aBMD, except for the swimming groups (regardless of resistant training), which showed a significant loss in spine aBMD (-0.045 [-0.085 to -0.004] g/cm2 in swimming-only and - 0.047 [-0.073 to -0.021] g/cm2 in swimming + RT). In comparisons between groups, only swimming + RT group, compared with swimming-only group presented higher upper limbs aBMD (0.096 g/cm2 [0.074 to 0.118] in swimming + RT vs. 0.046 [0.032 to 0.060] g/cm2 in swimming only; p < 0.05) and whole body less head (WBLH) aBMD (0.039 [0.024 to 0.054] g/cm2 in swimming + RT vs. 0.017 [0.007 to 0.027] g/cm2 swimming-only; p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Despite the significant gain in aBMD in all groups and body sites after 12-months, except for the spine site of swimmers, the results indicate that participation in RT seems to improve aBMD accrual in swimmers at the upper limbs and WBLH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo R Agostinete
- Laboratory of Investigation in Exercise (LIVE), Department of Physical Education, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - André O Werneck
- Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pedro H Narciso
- Laboratory of Investigation in Exercise (LIVE), Department of Physical Education, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Esther Ubago-Guisado
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Renata M Bielemann
- Post-Graduate Program in Nutrition and Foods, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Luis Alberto Gobbo
- Skeletal Muscle Assessment Laboratory (LABSIM), Department of Physical Education, School of Technology and Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Bruna Turi Lynch
- Department of Physical Education and Exercise Science, Lander University, Greenwood, SC, USA
| | - Romulo Araújo Fernandes
- Laboratory of Investigation in Exercise (LIVE), Department of Physical Education, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Dimitris Vlachopoulos
- Children's Health and Exercise Research Centre, Public Health and Sport Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
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14
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Nielsen SSR, Pedersen JAZ, Sharma N, Wasehuus PK, Hansen MS, Møller AMJ, Borggaard XG, Rauch A, Frost M, Sondergaard TE, Søe K. Human osteoclasts in vitro are dose dependently both inhibited and stimulated by cannabidiol (CBD) and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). Bone 2024; 181:117035. [PMID: 38342278 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2024.117035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Legalized use of cannabis for medical or recreational use is becoming more and more common. With respect to potential side-effects on bone health only few clinical trials have been conducted - and with opposing results. Therefore, it seems that there is a need for more knowledge on the potential effects of cannabinoids on human bone cells. We studied the effect of cannabidiol (CBD) and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) (dose range from 0.3 to 30 μM) on human osteoclasts in mono- as well as in co-cultures with human osteoblast lineage cells. We have used CD14+ monocytes from anonymous blood donors to differentiate into osteoclasts, and human osteoblast lineage cells from outgrowths of human trabecular bone. Our results show that THC and CBD have dose-dependent effects on both human osteoclast fusion and bone resorption. In the lower dose ranges of THC and CBD, osteoclast fusion was unaffected while bone resorption was increased. At higher doses, both osteoclast fusion and bone resorption were inhibited. In co-cultures, both osteoclastic bone resorption and alkaline phosphatase activity of the osteoblast lineage cells were inhibited. Finally, we observed that the cannabinoid receptor CNR2 is more highly expressed than CNR1 in CD14+ monocytes and pre-osteoclasts, but also that differentiation to osteoclasts was coupled to a reduced expression of CNR2, in particular. Interestingly, under co-culture conditions, we only detected the expression of CNR2 but not CNR1 for both osteoclast as well as osteoblast lineage nuclei. In line with the existing literature on the effect of cannabinoids on bone cells, our current study shows both stimulatory and inhibitory effects. This highlights that potential unfavorable effects of cannabinoids on bone cells and bone health is a complex matter. The contradictory and lacking documentation for such potential unfavorable effects on bone health as well as other potential effects, should be taken into consideration when considering the use of cannabinoids for both medical and recreational use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone S R Nielsen
- Clinical Cell Biology, Pathology Research Unit, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark; Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, J.B. Winsløws Vej 15, 5000 Odense C, Denmark.
| | - Juliana A Z Pedersen
- Clinical Cell Biology, Pathology Research Unit, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark; Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, J.B. Winsløws Vej 15, 5000 Odense C, Denmark.
| | - Neha Sharma
- Clinical Cell Biology, Pathology Research Unit, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark; Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, J.B. Winsløws Vej 15, 5000 Odense C, Denmark; Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark.
| | - Pernille K Wasehuus
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Morten S Hansen
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory (KMEB), Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, J.B. Winsløws Vej 4, 5000 Odense C, Denmark; Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark.
| | - Anaïs M J Møller
- Clinical Cell Biology, Pathology Research Unit, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark; Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Lillebaelt Hospital, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Kabbeltoft 25, 7100 Vejle, Denmark.
| | - Xenia G Borggaard
- Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, J.B. Winsløws Vej 15, 5000 Odense C, Denmark; Molecular Bone Histology, Pathology Research Unit, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark.
| | - Alexander Rauch
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory (KMEB), Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, J.B. Winsløws Vej 4, 5000 Odense C, Denmark; Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark; Steno Diabetes Centre Odense, Odense University Hospital, Kløvervænget 10, 5000 Odense C, Denmark.
| | - Morten Frost
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory (KMEB), Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, J.B. Winsløws Vej 4, 5000 Odense C, Denmark; Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark; Steno Diabetes Centre Odense, Odense University Hospital, Kløvervænget 10, 5000 Odense C, Denmark.
| | - Teis E Sondergaard
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Kent Søe
- Clinical Cell Biology, Pathology Research Unit, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark; Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, J.B. Winsløws Vej 15, 5000 Odense C, Denmark; Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark.
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15
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Yang K, Zhu Y, Shao Y, Jiang Y, Zhu L, Liu Y, Zhang P, Liu Y, Zhang X, Zhou Y. Apoptotic Vesicles Derived from Dental Pulp Stem Cells Promote Bone Formation through the ERK1/2 Signaling Pathway. Biomedicines 2024; 12:730. [PMID: 38672086 PMCID: PMC11048106 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a common degenerative bone disease. The treatment of osteoporosis remains a clinical challenge in light of the increasing aging population. Human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), a type of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), are easy to obtain and have a high proliferation ability, playing an important role in the treatment of osteoporosis. However, MSCs undergo apoptosis within a short time when used in vivo; therefore, apoptotic vesicles (apoVs) have attracted increasing attention. Currently, the osteogenic effect of DPSC-derived apoVs is unknown; therefore, this study aimed to determine the role of DPSC-derived apoVs and their potential mechanisms in bone regeneration. We found that MSCs could take up DPSC-derived apoVs, which then promoted MSC osteogenesis in vitro. Moreover, apoVs could increase the trabecular bone count and bone mineral density in the mouse osteoporosis model and could promote bone formation in rat cranial defects in vivo. Mechanistically, apoVs promoted MSC osteogenesis by activating the extracellular regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 signaling pathway. Consequently, we propose a novel therapy comprising DPSC-derived apoVs, representing a promising approach to treat bone loss and bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunkun Yang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No. 22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China; (K.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (Y.J.); (L.Z.); (Y.L.); (P.Z.); (Y.L.)
- National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, No. 22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yuan Zhu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No. 22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China; (K.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (Y.J.); (L.Z.); (Y.L.); (P.Z.); (Y.L.)
- National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, No. 22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yuzi Shao
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No. 22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China; (K.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (Y.J.); (L.Z.); (Y.L.); (P.Z.); (Y.L.)
- National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, No. 22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yuhe Jiang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No. 22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China; (K.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (Y.J.); (L.Z.); (Y.L.); (P.Z.); (Y.L.)
- National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, No. 22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No. 22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China; (K.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (Y.J.); (L.Z.); (Y.L.); (P.Z.); (Y.L.)
- National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, No. 22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yaoshan Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No. 22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China; (K.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (Y.J.); (L.Z.); (Y.L.); (P.Z.); (Y.L.)
- National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, No. 22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No. 22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China; (K.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (Y.J.); (L.Z.); (Y.L.); (P.Z.); (Y.L.)
- National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, No. 22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yunsong Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No. 22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China; (K.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (Y.J.); (L.Z.); (Y.L.); (P.Z.); (Y.L.)
- National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, No. 22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No. 22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China; (K.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (Y.J.); (L.Z.); (Y.L.); (P.Z.); (Y.L.)
- National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, No. 22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yongsheng Zhou
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No. 22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China; (K.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (Y.J.); (L.Z.); (Y.L.); (P.Z.); (Y.L.)
- National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, No. 22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
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16
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Robin M, Djediat C, Bardouil A, Baccile N, Chareyron C, Zizak I, Fratzl P, Selmane M, Haye B, Genois I, Krafft J, Costentin G, Azaïs T, Artzner F, Giraud‐Guille M, Zaslansky P, Nassif N. Acidic Osteoid Templates the Plywood Structure of Bone Tissue. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2304454. [PMID: 38115757 PMCID: PMC10916609 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202304454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Bone is created by osteoblasts that secrete osteoid after which an ordered texture emerges, followed by mineralization. Plywood geometries are a hallmark of many trabecular and cortical bones, yet the origin of this texturing in vivo has never been shown. Nevertheless, extensive in vitro work revealed how plywood textures of fibrils can emerge from acidic molecular cholesteric collagen mesophases. This study demonstrates in sheep, which is the preferred model for skeletal orthopaedic research, that the deeper non-fibrillar osteoid is organized in a liquid-crystal cholesteric geometry. This basophilic domain, rich in acidic glycosaminoglycans, exhibits low pH which presumably fosters mesoscale collagen molecule ordering in vivo. The results suggest that the collagen fibril motif of twisted plywood matures slowly through self-assembly thermodynamically driven processes as proposed by the Bouligand theory of biological analogues of liquid crystals. Understanding the steps of collagen patterning in osteoid-maturation processes may shed new light on bone pathologies that emerge from collagen physico-chemical maturation imbalances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Robin
- CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Collège de FranceLaboratoire Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (LCMCP)ParisF‐75005France
| | - Chakib Djediat
- Muséum National d'Histoire NaturelleUMR CNRS 7245, Bâtiment 39, CP 39, 57 rue CuvierParis75231France
| | - Arnaud Bardouil
- Université de Rennes, CNRSInstitut de Physique de Rennes (IPR)RennesF‐35000France
| | - Niki Baccile
- CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Collège de FranceLaboratoire Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (LCMCP)ParisF‐75005France
| | - Camille Chareyron
- CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Collège de FranceLaboratoire Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (LCMCP)ParisF‐75005France
| | - Ivo Zizak
- Helmholtz‐Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie – Speicherring BESSY IIAlbert‐Einstein Str. 15D‐12349BerlinGermany
| | - Peter Fratzl
- Department of BiomaterialsMax Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfacesam Mühlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
| | - Mohamed Selmane
- Institut des Matériaux de Paris CentreSorbonne UniversitéParisF‐75005France
| | - Bernard Haye
- CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Collège de FranceLaboratoire Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (LCMCP)ParisF‐75005France
| | - Isabelle Genois
- CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Collège de FranceLaboratoire Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (LCMCP)ParisF‐75005France
| | - Jean‐Marc Krafft
- Sorbonne Université, CNRSLaboratoire Réactivité de Surface (LRS)ParisF‐75005France
| | - Guylène Costentin
- Sorbonne Université, CNRSLaboratoire Réactivité de Surface (LRS)ParisF‐75005France
| | - Thierry Azaïs
- CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Collège de FranceLaboratoire Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (LCMCP)ParisF‐75005France
| | - Franck Artzner
- Université de Rennes, CNRSInstitut de Physique de Rennes (IPR)RennesF‐35000France
| | - Marie‐Madeleine Giraud‐Guille
- CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Collège de FranceLaboratoire Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (LCMCP)ParisF‐75005France
| | - Paul Zaslansky
- Department for OperativePreventive and Pediatric DentistryCharité – Universitätsmedizin BerlinAßmannshauser Str. 4–614197BerlinGermany
| | - Nadine Nassif
- CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Collège de FranceLaboratoire Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (LCMCP)ParisF‐75005France
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17
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Hegarty-Cremer SGD, Borggaard XG, Andreasen CM, van der Eerden BCJ, Simpson MJ, Andersen TL, Buenzli PR. How osteons form: A quantitative hypothesis-testing analysis of cortical pore filling and wall asymmetry. Bone 2024; 180:116998. [PMID: 38184100 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2023.116998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Osteon morphology provides valuable information about the interplay between different processes involved in bone remodelling. The correct quantitative interpretation of these morphological features is challenging due to the complexity of interactions between osteoblast behaviour, and the evolving geometry of cortical pores during pore closing. We present a combined experimental and mathematical modelling study to provide insights into bone formation mechanisms during cortical bone remodelling based on histological cross-sections of quiescent human osteons and hypothesis-testing analyses. We introduce wall thickness asymmetry as a measure of the local asymmetry of bone formation within an osteon and examine the frequency distribution of wall thickness asymmetry in cortical osteons from human iliac crest bone samples from women 16-78 years old. Our measurements show that most osteons possess some degree of asymmetry, and that the average degree of osteon asymmetry in cortical bone evolves with age. We then propose a comprehensive mathematical model of cortical pore filling that includes osteoblast secretory activity, osteoblast elimination, osteoblast embedment as osteocytes, and osteoblast crowding and redistribution along the bone surface. The mathematical model is first calibrated to symmetric osteon data, and then used to test three mechanisms of asymmetric wall formation against osteon data: (i) delays in the onset of infilling around the cement line; (ii) heterogeneous osteoblastogenesis around the bone perimeter; and (iii) heterogeneous osteoblast secretory rate around the bone perimeter. Our results suggest that wall thickness asymmetry due to off-centred Haversian pores within osteons, and that nonuniform lamellar thicknesses within osteons are important morphological features that can indicate the prevalence of specific asymmetry-generating mechanisms. This has significant implications for the study of disruptions of bone formation as it could indicate what biological bone formation processes may become disrupted with age or disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solene G D Hegarty-Cremer
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Australia; Department of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Xenia G Borggaard
- Clinical Cell Biology, Pathology Research Unit, Dept. of Clinical Research, and Dept. of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Dept. of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Christina M Andreasen
- Clinical Cell Biology, Pathology Research Unit, Dept. of Clinical Research, and Dept. of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Dept. of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Matthew J Simpson
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Australia
| | - Thomas L Andersen
- Clinical Cell Biology, Pathology Research Unit, Dept. of Clinical Research, and Dept. of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Dept. of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Dept. of Forensic Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Pascal R Buenzli
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Australia.
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18
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Ozanne H, Moubri L, Abou-Nassif L, Thoumire O, Echalard A, Morin-Grognet S, Atmani H, Ladam G, Labat B. Active Osteoblasts or Quiescent Bone Lining Cells? Preosteoblasts Fate Orchestrated by Curvature and Stiffness of an In Vitro 2.5D Biomimetic Culture System. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2302222. [PMID: 37929897 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202302222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Biomimetic cell culture systems are required to provide more physiologically relevant microenvironments for bone cells. Here, a simple 2.5D culture platform is proposed, combining adjustable stiffness and surface features that mimic bone topography by using sandpaper grits as master molds with two stiffness formulations of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). The subsequent replicas perfectly conform the grits and reproduce the corresponding negative relief with cavities separated by convex edges. Biomimicry is also provided by an extracellular matrix (ECM)-like thin film coating, using the layer-by-layer (LbL) method. The topographical features, alternating concave, and convex structures drive preosteoblasts organization and morphology. Strikingly, curvature orchestrates the commitment of preosteoblasts, with i) maturation to active osteoblasts able to produce a dense collagenous matrix that ultimately mineralizes in the cavities, and ii) edges hosting quiescent cells that synthetize a very thin immature collagen layer with no mineralization. In summary, the present in vitro culture system model offers a cell-instructive 2.5D microenvironment that controls preosteoblasts fate, leading to two coexisting subpopulations: mature osteoblasts and bone lining cells (BLC). This promising culture system opens new avenues to advanced tissue-engineered modeling and can be applied to precellularized bone biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Ozanne
- Univ Rouen Normandie, INSA Rouen Normandie, CNRS, PBS UMR 6270, Evreux, F-27000, France
| | - Loïc Moubri
- Univ Rouen Normandie, INSA Rouen Normandie, CNRS, PBS UMR 6270, Evreux, F-27000, France
| | - Léa Abou-Nassif
- Univ Rouen Normandie, INSA Rouen Normandie, CNRS, PBS UMR 6270, Evreux, F-27000, France
| | - Olivier Thoumire
- Univ Rouen Normandie, INSA Rouen Normandie, CNRS, PBS UMR 6270, Evreux, F-27000, France
| | - Aline Echalard
- Univ Rouen Normandie, INSA Rouen Normandie, CNRS, PBS UMR 6270, Evreux, F-27000, France
| | | | - Hassan Atmani
- Univ Rouen Normandie, INSA Rouen Normandie, CNRS, PBS UMR 6270, Evreux, F-27000, France
| | - Guy Ladam
- Univ Rouen Normandie, INSA Rouen Normandie, CNRS, PBS UMR 6270, Evreux, F-27000, France
| | - Béatrice Labat
- Univ Rouen Normandie, INSA Rouen Normandie, CNRS, PBS UMR 6270, Evreux, F-27000, France
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19
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Chmielewska A, Dean D. The role of stiffness-matching in avoiding stress shielding-induced bone loss and stress concentration-induced skeletal reconstruction device failure. Acta Biomater 2024; 173:51-65. [PMID: 37972883 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
It is well documented that overly stiff skeletal replacement and fixation devices may fail and require revision surgery. Recent attempts to better support healing and sustain healed bone have looked at stiffness-matching of these devices to the desired role of limiting the stress on fractured or engrafted bone to compressive loads and, after the reconstructed bone has healed, to ensure that reconstructive medical devices (implants) interrupt the normal loading pattern as little as possible. The mechanical performance of these devices can be optimized by adjusting their location, integration/fastening, material(s), geometry (external and internal), and surface properties. This review highlights recent research that focuses on the optimal design of skeletal reconstruction devices to perform during and after healing as the mechanical regime changes. Previous studies have considered auxetic materials, homogeneous or gradient (i.e., adaptive) porosity, surface modification to enhance device/bone integration, and choosing the device's attachment location to ensure good osseointegration and resilient load transduction. By combining some or all of these factors, device designers work hard to avoid problems brought about by unsustainable stress shielding or stress concentrations as a means of creating sustainable stress-strain relationships that best repair and sustain a surgically reconstructed skeletal site. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Although standard-of-care skeletal reconstruction devices will usually allow normal healing and improved comfort for the patient during normal activities, there may be significant disadvantages during long-term use. Stress shielding and stress concentration are amongst the most common causes of failure of a metallic device. This review highlights recent developments in devices for skeletal reconstruction that match the stiffness, while not interrupting the normal loading pattern of a healthy bone, and help to combat stress shielding and stress concentration. This review summarises various approaches to achieve stiffness-matching: application of materials with modulus close to that of the bone; adaptation of geometry with pre-defined mechanical properties; and/or surface modification that ensures good integration and proper load transfer to the bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Chmielewska
- The Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - David Dean
- The Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43212, USA
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20
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Karkache IY, Molstad DHH, Vu E, Jensen ED, Bradley EW. Phlpp1 Expression in Osteoblasts Plays a Modest Role in Bone Homeostasis. JBMR Plus 2023; 7:e10806. [PMID: 38130760 PMCID: PMC10731110 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Prior work demonstrated that Phlpp1 deficiency alters limb length and bone mass, but the cell types involved and requirement of Phlpp1 for this effect were unclear. To understand the function of Phlpp1 within bone-forming osteoblasts, we crossed Phlpp1 floxed mice with mice harboring type 1 collagen (Col1a12.3kb)-Cre. Mineralization of bone marrow stromal cell cultures derived from Phlpp1 cKOCol1a1 was unchanged, but levels of inflammatory genes (eg, Ifng, Il6, Ccl8) and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand/osteoprotegerin (RANKL/OPG) ratios were enhanced by either Phlpp1 ablation or chemical inhibition. Micro-computed tomography of the distal femur and L5 vertebral body of 12-week-old mice revealed no alteration in bone volume per total volume, but compromised femoral bone microarchitecture within Phlpp1 cKOCol1a1 conditional knockout females. Bone histomorphometry of the proximal tibia documented no changes in osteoblast or osteoclast number per bone surface but slight reductions in osteoclast surface per bone surface. Overall, our data show that deletion of Phlpp1 in type 1 collagen-expressing cells does not significantly alter attainment of peak bone mass of either males or females, but may enhance inflammatory gene expression and the ratio of RANKL/OPG. Future studies examining the role of Phlpp1 within models of advanced age, inflammation, or osteocytes, as well as functional redundancy with the related Phlpp2 isoform are warranted. © 2023 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismael Y Karkache
- Department of OrthopedicsUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA
- College of Veterinary SciencesUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA
| | - David HH Molstad
- Department of OrthopedicsUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA
| | - Elizabeth Vu
- Department of OrthopedicsUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA
| | | | - Elizabeth W Bradley
- Department of OrthopedicsUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA
- College of Veterinary SciencesUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryStem Cell Institute, University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA
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21
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van Dijk Christiansen P, Andreasen CM, El-Masri BM, Laursen KS, Delaisse JM, Andersen TL. Osteoprogenitor recruitment and differentiation during intracortical bone remodeling of adolescent humans. Bone 2023; 177:116896. [PMID: 37699496 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2023.116896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recruitment and proliferation of osteoprogenitors during the reversal-resorption phase, and their differentiation into mature bone-forming osteoblasts is crucial for initiation of bone formation during bone remodeling. This study investigates the osteoprogenitors' gradual recruitment, proliferation, and differentiation into bone-forming osteoblasts within intracortical remodeling events of healthy adolescent humans. METHODS The study was conducted on cortical bone specimens from 11 adolescent human controls - patients undergoing surgery due to coxa valga. The osteoprogenitor recruitment route and differentiation into osteoblasts were backtracked using immunostainings and in situ hybridizations with osteoblastic markers (CD271/NGFR, osterix/SP7, COL3A1 and COL1A1). The osteoblastic cell populations were defined based on the pore surfaces, and their proliferation index (Ki67), density and number/circumference were estimated in multiplex-immunofluorescence (Ki67, TRAcP, CD34) stained sections. RESULTS During the reversal-resorption phase, osteoclasts are intermixed with (COL3A1+NFGR+) osteoblastic reversal cells, which are considered to be osteoprogenitors of (COL1A1+SP7+) bone-forming osteoblasts. Initiation of bone formation requires a critical density of these osteoprogenitors (43 ± 9 cells/mm), which is reached though proliferation (4.4 ± 0.5 % proliferative) and even more so through recruitment of osteoprogenitors, but challenged by the ongoing expansion of the canal circumference. These osteoprogenitors most likely originate from osteoblastic bone lining cells and mainly lumen osteoprogenitors, which expand their population though proliferation (4.6 ± 0.3 %) and vascular recruitment. These lumen osteoprogenitors resemble canopy cells above trabecular remodeling sites, and like canopy cells they extend above bone-forming osteoblasts where they may rejuvenate the osteoblast population during bone formation. CONCLUSION Initiation of bone formation during intracortical remodeling requires a critical density of osteoprogenitors on eroded surfaces, which is reached though proliferation and recruitment of local osteoprogenitors: bone lining cells and lumen osteoprogenitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pernille van Dijk Christiansen
- Clinical Cell Biology, Research Unit of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital and Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Christina Møller Andreasen
- Clinical Cell Biology, Research Unit of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital and Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Danish Spatial Imaging Consortium (DanSIC).
| | - Bilal Mohamad El-Masri
- Clinical Cell Biology, Research Unit of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital and Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Danish Spatial Imaging Consortium (DanSIC).
| | - Kaja Søndergaard Laursen
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Danish Spatial Imaging Consortium (DanSIC).
| | - Jean-Marie Delaisse
- Clinical Cell Biology, Research Unit of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital and Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Thomas Levin Andersen
- Clinical Cell Biology, Research Unit of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital and Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Department of Forensic Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Danish Spatial Imaging Consortium (DanSIC).
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22
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van Dijk Christiansen P, Sikjær T, Andreasen CM, Thomsen JS, Brüel A, Hauge EM, Delaisse J, Rejnmark L, Andersen TL. Transitory Activation and Improved Transition from Erosion to Formation within Intracortical Bone Remodeling in Hypoparathyroid Patients Treated with rhPTH(1-84). JBMR Plus 2023; 7:e10829. [PMID: 38130746 PMCID: PMC10731115 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
In hypoparathyroidism, lack of parathyroid hormone (PTH) leads to low calcium levels and decreased bone remodeling. Treatment with recombinant human PTH (rhPTH) may normalize bone turnover. This study aimed to investigate whether rhPTH(1-84) continued to activate intracortical bone remodeling after 30 months and promoted the transition from erosion to formation and whether this effect was transitory when rhPTH(1-84) was discontinued. Cortical histomorphometry was performed on 60 bone biopsies from patients (aged 31 to 78 years) with chronic hypoparathyroidism randomized to either 100 μg rhPTH(1-84) a day (n = 21) (PTH) or similar placebo (n = 21) (PLB) for 6 months as add-on to conventional therapy. This was followed by an open-label extension, where patients extended their rhPTH(1-84) (PTH) (n = 5), continued conventional treatment (CON) (n = 5), or withdrew from rhPTH(1-84) and resumed conventional therapy (PTHw) for an additional 24 months (n = 8). Bone biopsies were collected at months 6 (n = 42) and 30 (n = 18). After 6 and 30 months, the overall cortical microarchitecture (cortical porosity, thickness, pore density, and mean pore diameter) in the PTH group did not differ from that of the PLB/CON and PTHw groups. Still, the PTH group had a significantly and persistently higher percentage of pores undergoing remodeling than the PLB/CON groups. A significantly higher percentage of these pores was undergoing bone formation in the PTH compared with the PLB/CON groups, whereas the percentage of pores with erosion only was not different. This resulted in a shift in the ratio between formative and eroded pores, reflecting a faster transition from erosion to formation in the PTH-treated patients. In the rhPTH(1-84) withdrawal group PTHw, the latter effects of PTH were completely reversed in comparison to those of the PLB/CON groups. In conclusion, rhPTH(1-84) replacement therapy in hypoparathyroidism patients promotes intracortical remodeling and its transition from erosion to formation without affecting the overall cortical microstructure. The effect persists for at least 30 months and is reversible when treatment is withdrawn. © 2023 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pernille van Dijk Christiansen
- Department of PathologyOdense University HospitalOdenseDenmark
- Molecular Bone Histology (MBH) Lab, Research Unit of Pathology, Department of Clinical Research and Department of Molecular MedicineUniversity of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark
| | - Tanja Sikjær
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineAarhus University HospitalAarhusDenmark
- Department of Clinical MedicineAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
| | - Christina Møller Andreasen
- Department of PathologyOdense University HospitalOdenseDenmark
- Molecular Bone Histology (MBH) Lab, Research Unit of Pathology, Department of Clinical Research and Department of Molecular MedicineUniversity of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark
| | | | | | - Ellen Margrethe Hauge
- Department of Clinical MedicineAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
- Department of RheumatologyAarhus University HospitalAarhusDenmark
| | - Jean‐Marie Delaisse
- Department of PathologyOdense University HospitalOdenseDenmark
- Molecular Bone Histology (MBH) Lab, Research Unit of Pathology, Department of Clinical Research and Department of Molecular MedicineUniversity of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark
| | - Lars Rejnmark
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineAarhus University HospitalAarhusDenmark
- Department of Clinical MedicineAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
| | - Thomas Levin Andersen
- Department of PathologyOdense University HospitalOdenseDenmark
- Molecular Bone Histology (MBH) Lab, Research Unit of Pathology, Department of Clinical Research and Department of Molecular MedicineUniversity of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark
- Molecular Bone Histology (MBH) Lab, Department of Forensic MedicineAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
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23
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Cooper DML, Harrison KD, Hiebert BD, King GA, Panahifar A, Zhu N, Swekla KJ, Pivonka P, Chapman LD, Arnason T. Daily administration of parathyroid hormone slows the progression of basic multicellular units in the cortical bone of the rabbit distal tibia. Bone 2023; 176:116864. [PMID: 37574096 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2023.116864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Basic Multicellular Units (BMUs) conduct bone remodeling, a critical process of tissue turnover which, if imbalanced, can lead to disease, including osteoporosis. Parathyroid hormone (PTH 1-34; Teriparatide) is an osteoanabolic treatment for osteoporosis; however, it elevates the rate of intra-cortical remodeling (activation frequency) leading, at least transiently, to increased porosity. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that PTH not only increases the rate at which cortical BMUs are initiated but also increases their progression (Longitudinal Erosion Rate; LER). Two groups (n = 7 each) of six-month old female New Zealand white rabbits were both administered 30 μg/kg of PTH once daily for a period of two weeks to induce remodeling. Their distal right tibiae were then imaged in vivo by in-line phase contrast micro-CT at the Canadian Light Source synchrotron. Over the following two weeks the first group (PTH) received continued daily PTH while the second withdrawal group (PTHW) was administrated 0.9 % saline. At four weeks all animals were euthanized, their distal tibiae were imaged by conventional micro-CT ex vivo and histomorphometry was performed. Matching micro-CT datasets (in vivo and ex vivo) were co-registered in 3D and LER was measured from 612 BMUs. Counter to our hypothesis, mean LER was lower (p < 0.001) in the PTH group (30.19 ± 3.01 μm/day) versus the PTHW group (37.20 ± 2.77 μm/day). Despite the difference in LER, osteonal mineral apposition rate (On.MAR) did not differ between groups indicating the anabolic effect of PTH was sustained after withdrawal. The slowing of BMU progression by PTH warrants further investigation; slowed resorption combined with elevated bone formation rate, may play an important role in how PTH enhances coupling between resorption and formation within the BMU. Finally, the prolonged anabolic response following withdrawal may have utility in terms of optimizing clinical dosing regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M L Cooper
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
| | - Kim D Harrison
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Beverly D Hiebert
- Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Gavin A King
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Arash Panahifar
- BioMedical Imaging and Therapy Beamline, Canadian Light Source, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada; Department of Medical Imaging, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Ning Zhu
- BioMedical Imaging and Therapy Beamline, Canadian Light Source, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Kurtis J Swekla
- Animal Care and Research Support Office, Office of the Vice-President of Research, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Peter Pivonka
- School of Mechanical, Medical, and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - L Dean Chapman
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Terra Arnason
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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24
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Regner AM, DeLeon M, Gibbons KD, Howard S, Nesbitt DQ, Lujan TJ, Fitzpatrick CK, Farach-Carson MC, Wu D, Uzer G. Increased deformations are dispensable for cell mechanoresponse in engineered bone analogs mimicking aging bone marrow. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.24.559187. [PMID: 37905032 PMCID: PMC10614733 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.24.559187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Aged individuals and astronauts experience bone loss despite rigorous physical activity. Bone mechanoresponse is in-part regulated by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that respond to mechanical stimuli. Direct delivery of low intensity vibration (LIV) recovers MSC proliferation in senescence and simulated microgravity models, indicating that age-related reductions in mechanical signal delivery within bone marrow may contribute to declining bone mechanoresponse. To answer this question, we developed a 3D bone marrow analog that controls trabecular geometry, marrow mechanics and external stimuli. Validated finite element (FE) models were developed to quantify strain environment within hydrogels during LIV. Bone marrow analogs with gyroid-based trabeculae of bone volume fractions (BV/TV) corresponding to adult (25%) and aged (13%) mice were printed using polylactic acid (PLA). MSCs encapsulated in migration-permissive hydrogels within printed trabeculae showed robust cell populations on both PLA surface and hydrogel within a week. Following 14 days of LIV treatment (1g, 100 Hz, 1 hour/day), type-I collagen and F-actin were quantified for the cells in the hydrogel fraction. While LIV increased all measured outcomes, FE models predicted higher von Mises strains for the 13% BV/TV groups (0.2%) when compared to the 25% BV/TV group (0.1%). Despite increased strains, collagen-I and F-actin measures remained lower in the 13% BV/TV groups when compared to 25% BV/TV counterparts, indicating that cell response to LIV does not depend on hydrogel strains and that bone volume fraction (i.e. available bone surface) directly affects cell behavior in the hydrogel phase independent of the external stimuli. Overall, bone marrow analogs offer a robust and repeatable platform to study bone mechanobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M Regner
- Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering Department, Boise State University
| | - Maximilien DeLeon
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, UTHealth Houston School of Dentistry
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University
- Department of Biosciences, Rice University
| | - Kalin D. Gibbons
- Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering Department, Boise State University
| | - Sean Howard
- Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering Department, Boise State University
| | | | - Trevor J. Lujan
- Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering Department, Boise State University
| | | | - Mary C Farach-Carson
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, UTHealth Houston School of Dentistry
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University
- Department of Biosciences, Rice University
| | - Danielle Wu
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, UTHealth Houston School of Dentistry
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University
- Department of Biosciences, Rice University
| | - Gunes Uzer
- Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering Department, Boise State University
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25
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Zhang Y, Cheng Z, Liu Z, Shen X, Cai C, Li M, Luo Z. Functionally Tailored Metal-Organic Framework Coatings for Mediating Ti Implant Osseointegration. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2303958. [PMID: 37705110 PMCID: PMC10582459 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202303958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Owing to their mechanical resilience and non-toxicity, titanium implants are widely applied as the major treatment modality for the clinical intervention against bone fractures. However, the intrinsic bioinertness of Ti and its alloys often impedes the effective osseointegration of the implants, leading to severe adverse complications including implant loosening, detachment, and secondary bone damage. Consequently, new Ti implant engineering strategies are urgently needed to improve their osseointegration after implantation. Remarkably, metalorganic frameworks (MOFs) are a class of novel synthetic material consisting of coordinated metal species and organic ligands, which have demonstrated a plethora of favorable properties for modulating the interfacial properties of Ti implants. This review comprehensively summarizes the recent progress in the development of MOF-coated Ti implants and highlights their potential utility for modulating the bio-implant interface to improve implant osseointegration, of which the discussions are outlined according to their physical traits, chemical composition, and drug delivery capacity. A perspective is also provided in this review regarding the current limitations and future opportunities of MOF-coated Ti implants for orthopedic applications. The insights in this review may facilitate the rational design of more advanced Ti implants with enhanced therapeutic performance and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- Joint Disease & Sport Medicine CentreDepartment of OrthopaedicsXinqiao HospitalArmy Medical UniversityChongqing400038China
| | - Zhuo Cheng
- School of Life ScienceChongqing UniversityChongqing400044China
| | - Zaiyang Liu
- Joint Disease & Sport Medicine CentreDepartment of OrthopaedicsXinqiao HospitalArmy Medical UniversityChongqing400038China
| | - Xinkun Shen
- Department of OrthopaedicsRuian People's HospitalThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou325016China
| | - Chunyuan Cai
- Department of OrthopaedicsRuian People's HospitalThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou325016China
| | - Menghuan Li
- School of Life ScienceChongqing UniversityChongqing400044China
| | - Zhong Luo
- School of Life ScienceChongqing UniversityChongqing400044China
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26
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Bussola Tovani C, Divoux T, Manneville S, Azaïs T, Laurent G, de Frutos M, Gloter A, Ciancaglini P, Ramos AP, Nassif N. Strontium-driven physiological to pathological transition of bone-like architecture: A dose-dependent investigation. Acta Biomater 2023; 169:579-588. [PMID: 37516416 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Whilst strontium (Sr2+) is widely investigated for treating osteoporosis, it is also related to mineralization disorders such as rickets and osteomalacia. In order to clarify the physiological and pathological effects of Sr2+ on bone biomineralization , we performed a dose-dependent investigation in bone components using a 3D scaffold that displays the hallmark features of bone tissue in terms of composition (osteoblast, collagen, carbonated apatite) and architecture (mineralized collagen fibrils hierarchically assembled into a twisted plywood geometry). As the level of Sr2+ is increased from physiological-like to excess, both the mineral and the collagen fibrils assembly are destabilized, leading to a drop in the Young modulus, with strong implications on pre-osteoblastic cell proliferation. Furthermore, the microstructural and mechanical changes reported here correlate with that observed in bone-weakening disorders induced by Sr2+ accumulation, which may clarify the paradoxical effects of Sr2+ in bone mineralization. More generally, our results provide physicochemical insights into the possible effects of inorganic ions on the assembly of bone extracellular matrix and may contribute to the design of safer therapies for treating osteoporosis. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Physiological-like (10% Sr2+) and excess accumulation-like (50% Sr2+) doses of Sr2+ are investigated in 3D biomimetic assemblies possessing the high degree of organization found in the extracellular of bone. Above the physiological dose, the organic and inorganic components of the bone-like scaffold are destabilized, resulting in impaired cellular activity, which correlates with bone-weakening disorders induced by Sr2+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Bussola Tovani
- Laboratoire Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Collège de France, LCMCP, F-75005 Paris, France; Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Thibaut Divoux
- Laboratoire de Physique, ENSL, CNRS, F-69342 Lyon, France
| | | | - Thierry Azaïs
- Laboratoire Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Collège de France, LCMCP, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Laurent
- Laboratoire Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Collège de France, LCMCP, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Marta de Frutos
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides (LPS), CNRS, Université Paris Saclay, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Alexandre Gloter
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides (LPS), CNRS, Université Paris Saclay, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Pietro Ciancaglini
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana P Ramos
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Nadine Nassif
- Laboratoire Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Collège de France, LCMCP, F-75005 Paris, France.
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Zhao S, Chen Z, Li T, Sun Q, Leng H, Huo B. Numerical simulations of fluid flow in trabecular-lacunar cavities under cyclic loading. Comput Biol Med 2023; 163:107144. [PMID: 37315384 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Under external loading, the fluid shear stress (FSS) in the porous structures of bones, such as trabecular or lacunar-canalicular cavity, can influence the biological response of bone cells. However, few studies have considered both cavities. The present study investigated the characteristics of fluid flow at different scales in cancellous bone in rat femurs, as well as the effects of osteoporosis and loading frequency. METHODS Sprague Dawley rats (3 months old) were divided into normal and osteoporotic groups. A multiscale 3D fluid-solid coupling finite element model considering trabecular system and lacunar-canalicular system was established. Cyclic displacement loadings with frequencies of 1, 2, and 4 Hz were applied. FINDINGS Results showed that the wall FSS around the adhesion complexes of osteocyte on the canaliculi was higher than that on the osteocyte body. Under the same loading conditions, the wall FSS of the osteoporotic group was smaller than that of the normal group. The fluid velocity and FSS in trabecular pores exhibited a linear relationship with loading frequency. Similarly, the FSS around osteocytes also showed the loading frequency-dependent phenomenon. INTERPRETATION The high cadence in movement can effectively increase the FSS level on osteocytes for osteoporotic bone, i.e., expand the space within the bone with physiological load. This study might help in understanding the process of bone remodeling under cyclic loading and provide the fundamental data for the development of strategies for osteoporosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Zhao
- Biomechanics Lab, Department of Mechanics, School of Aerospace Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Zebin Chen
- Biomechanics Lab, Department of Mechanics, School of Aerospace Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Taiyang Li
- Biomechanics Lab, Department of Mechanics, School of Aerospace Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Qing Sun
- Biomechanics Lab, Department of Mechanics, School of Aerospace Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Huijie Leng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Bo Huo
- Biomechanics Lab, Department of Mechanics, School of Aerospace Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, PR China; Institute of Artificial Intelligence in Sports, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing, 100091, PR China.
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28
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Krasnova O, Neganova I. Assembling the Puzzle Pieces. Insights for in Vitro Bone Remodeling. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2023; 19:1635-1658. [PMID: 37204634 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10558-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
As a highly dynamic organ, bone changes during throughout a person's life. This process is referred to as 'bone remodeling' and it involves two stages - a well-balanced osteoclastic bone resorption and an osteoblastic bone formation. Under normal physiological conditions bone remodeling is highly regulated that ensures tight coupling between bone formation and resorption, and its disruption results in a bone metabolic disorder, most commonly osteoporosis. Though osteoporosis is one of the most prevalent skeletal ailments that affect women and men aged over 40 of all races and ethnicities, currently there are few, if any safe and effective therapeutic interventions available. Developing state-of-the-art cellular systems for bone remodeling and osteoporosis can provide important insights into the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in skeletal homeostasis and advise better therapies for patients. This review describes osteoblastogenesis and osteoclastogenesis as two vital processes for producing mature, active bone cells in the context of interactions between cells and the bone matrix. In addition, it considers current approaches in bone tissue engineering, pointing out cell sources, core factors and matrices used in scientific practice for modeling bone diseases and testing drugs. Finally, it focuses on the challenges that bone regenerative medicine is currently facing.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Krasnova
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - I Neganova
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint-Petersburg, Russia.
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29
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Ormazabal ME, Pavan E, Vaena E, Ferino D, Biasizzo J, Mucci JM, Serra F, Cifù A, Scarpa M, Rozenfeld PA, Dardis AE. Exploring the Pathophysiologic Cascade Leading to Osteoclastogenic Activation in Gaucher Disease Monocytes Generated via CRISPR/Cas9 Technology. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11204. [PMID: 37446383 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Gaucher disease (GD) is caused by biallelic pathogenic variants in the acid β-glucosidase gene (GBA1), leading to a deficiency in the β-glucocerebrosidase (GCase) enzyme activity resulting in the intracellular accumulation of sphingolipids. Skeletal alterations are one of the most disabling features in GD patients. Although both defective bone formation and increased bone resorption due to osteoblast and osteoclast dysfunction contribute to GD bone pathology, the molecular bases are not fully understood, and bone disease is not completely resolved with currently available specific therapies. For this reason, using editing technology, our group has developed a reliable, isogenic, and easy-to-handle cellular model of GD monocytes (GBAKO-THP1) to facilitate GD pathophysiology studies and high-throughput drug screenings. In this work, we further characterized the model showing an increase in proinflammatory cytokines (Interleukin-1β and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α) release and activation of osteoclastogenesis. Furthermore, our data suggest that GD monocytes would display an increased osteoclastogenic potential, independent of their interaction with the GD microenvironment or other GD cells. Both proinflammatory cytokine production and osteoclastogenesis were restored at least, in part, by treating cells with the recombinant human GCase, a substrate synthase inhibitor, a pharmacological chaperone, and an anti-inflammatory compound. Besides confirming that this model would be suitable to perform high-throughput screening of therapeutic molecules that act via different mechanisms and on different phenotypic features, our data provided insights into the pathogenic cascade, leading to osteoclastogenesis exacerbation and its contribution to bone pathology in GD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximiliano Emanuel Ormazabal
- Regional Coordinator Centre for Rare Diseases, Academic Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
- Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos (IIFP), UNLP, CONICET, Asociado CIC PBA, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, La Plata 1900, Argentina
| | - Eleonora Pavan
- Regional Coordinator Centre for Rare Diseases, Academic Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Emilio Vaena
- Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos (IIFP), UNLP, CONICET, Asociado CIC PBA, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, La Plata 1900, Argentina
| | - Dania Ferino
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Jessica Biasizzo
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Juan Marcos Mucci
- Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos (IIFP), UNLP, CONICET, Asociado CIC PBA, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, La Plata 1900, Argentina
| | - Fabrizio Serra
- Regional Coordinator Centre for Rare Diseases, Academic Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Adriana Cifù
- Dipartimento di Area Medica, Università degli Studi di Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Maurizio Scarpa
- Regional Coordinator Centre for Rare Diseases, Academic Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Paula Adriana Rozenfeld
- Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos (IIFP), UNLP, CONICET, Asociado CIC PBA, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, La Plata 1900, Argentina
| | - Andrea Elena Dardis
- Regional Coordinator Centre for Rare Diseases, Academic Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
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30
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Yang R, Cao D, Suo J, Zhang L, Mo C, Wang M, Niu N, Yue R, Zou W. Premature aging of skeletal stem/progenitor cells rather than osteoblasts causes bone loss with decreased mechanosensation. Bone Res 2023; 11:35. [PMID: 37407584 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-023-00269-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A distinct population of skeletal stem/progenitor cells (SSPCs) has been identified that is indispensable for the maintenance and remodeling of the adult skeleton. However, the cell types that are responsible for age-related bone loss and the characteristic changes in these cells during aging remain to be determined. Here, we established models of premature aging by conditional depletion of Zmpste24 (Z24) in mice and found that Prx1-dependent Z24 deletion, but not Osx-dependent Z24 deletion, caused significant bone loss. However, Acan-associated Z24 depletion caused only trabecular bone loss. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) revealed that two populations of SSPCs, one that differentiates into trabecular bone cells and another that differentiates into cortical bone cells, were significantly decreased in Prx1-Cre; Z24f/f mice. Both premature SSPC populations exhibited apoptotic signaling pathway activation and decreased mechanosensation. Physical exercise reversed the effects of Z24 depletion on cellular apoptosis, extracellular matrix expression and bone mass. This study identified two populations of SSPCs that are responsible for premature aging-related bone loss. The impairment of mechanosensation in Z24-deficient SSPCs provides new insight into how physical exercise can be used to prevent bone aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruici Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Dandan Cao
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jinlong Suo
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Lingli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Chunyang Mo
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Miaomiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Ningning Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Rui Yue
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Weiguo Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China.
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31
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Messina OD, Vidal M, Adami G, Vidal LF, Clark P, Torres JAM, Lems W, Zerbini C, Arguissain C, Reginster JY, Lane NE. Chronic arthritides and bone structure: focus on rheumatoid arthritis-an update. Aging Clin Exp Res 2023:10.1007/s40520-023-02432-9. [PMID: 37222927 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-023-02432-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Normal bone remodeling depends of a balance between bone forming cells, osteoblasts and bone resorbing cells, the osteoclasts. In chronic arthritides and some inflammatory and autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, there is a great constellation of cytokines produced by pannus that impair bone formation and stimulate bone resorption by inducing osteoclast differentiation and inhibiting osteoblast maturation. Patients with chronic inflammation have multiple causes that lead to low bone mineral density, osteoporosis and a high risk of fracture including circulating cytokines, impaired mobility, chronic administration of glucocorticoids, low vitamin D levels and post-menopausal status in women, among others. Biologic agents and other therapeutic measures to reach prompt remission might ameliorate these deleterious effects. In many cases, bone acting agents need to be added to conventional treatment to reduce the risk of fractures and to preserve articular integrity and independency for daily living activities. A limited number of studies related to fractures in chronic arthritides were published, and future investigation is needed to determine the risk of fractures and the protective effects of different treatments to reduce this risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osvaldo Daniel Messina
- Collaborating Centre WHO, Investigaciones Reumatológicas y Osteológicas (IRO), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maritza Vidal
- Centro de Diagnóstico de Osteoporosis y Enfermedades Reumáticas (CEDOR), Lima, Peru.
| | - Giovanni Adami
- Rheumatology Section, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Luis Fernando Vidal
- Centro de Diagnóstico de Osteoporosis y Enfermedades Reumáticas (CEDOR), Lima, Peru
- Regional Advisory Council for Latin America - International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF), Lima, Peru
| | - Patricia Clark
- International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Chief of Clinical Epidemiology Unit-Hospital Federico Gomez School of Medicine UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - William Lems
- Department of Rheumatology, Amsterdam UMC, Location VU University Medical Centre Amsterdam, Amsterdam, North-Holland, The Netherlands
| | | | - Constanza Arguissain
- Collaborating Centre WHO, Investigaciones Reumatológicas y Osteológicas (IRO), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jean-Yves Reginster
- Division of Public Health, Epidemiology and Health Economics, WHO Collaborating Centre for Public Health, Aspects of Musculoskeletal Health and Ageing, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Nancy E Lane
- Center for Musculoskeletal Health, University of California at Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
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32
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Marahleh A, Kitaura H, Ohori F, Noguchi T, Mizoguchi I. The osteocyte and its osteoclastogenic potential. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1121727. [PMID: 37293482 PMCID: PMC10244721 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1121727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The skeleton is an organ of dual functionality; on the one hand, it provides protection and structural competence. On the other hand, it participates extensively in coordinating homeostasis globally given that it is a mineral and hormonal reservoir. Bone is the only tissue in the body that goes through strategically consistent bouts of bone resorption to ensure its integrity and organismal survival in a temporally and spatially coordinated process, known as bone remodeling. Bone remodeling is directly enacted by three skeletal cell types, osteoclasts, osteoblasts, and osteocytes; these cells represent the acting force in a basic multicellular unit and ensure bone health maintenance. The osteocyte is an excellent mechanosensory cell and has been positioned as the choreographer of bone remodeling. It is, therefore, not surprising that a holistic grasp of the osteocyte entity in the bone is warranted. This review discusses osteocytogenesis and associated molecular and morphological changes and describes the osteocytic lacunocanalicular network (LCN) and its organization. We highlight new knowledge obtained from transcriptomic analyses of osteocytes and discuss the regulatory role of osteocytes in promoting osteoclastogenesis with an emphasis on the case of osteoclastogenesis in anosteocytic bones. We arrive at the conclusion that osteocytes exhibit several redundant means through which osteoclast formation can be initiated. However, whether osteocytes are true "orchestrators of bone remodeling" cannot be verified from the animal models used to study osteocyte biology in vivo. Results from studying osteocyte biology using current animal models should come with the caveat that these models are not osteocyte-specific, and conclusions from these studies should be interpreted cautiously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aseel Marahleh
- Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences (FRIS), Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hideki Kitaura
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Fumitoshi Ohori
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takahiro Noguchi
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Itaru Mizoguchi
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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Tomaszewska E, Rudyk H, Muszyński S, Hułas-Stasiak M, Leszczyński N, Mielnik-Błaszczak M, Donaldson J, Dobrowolski P. Prenatal Fumonisin Exposure Impairs Bone Development via Disturbances in the OC/Leptin and RANKL/RANK/OPG Systems in Weaned Rat Offspring. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108743. [PMID: 37240089 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The goal of the current study was to examine the effects of prenatal exposure to fumonisins (FBs) on bone properties and metabolism in weaned rat offspring divided into groups intoxicated with FBs at either 0 (the 0 FB group), 60 (the 60 FB group), or 90 mg/kg b.w. 0 (the 90 FB group). Female and male offspring exposed to FBs at a dose of 60 mg/kg b.w. had heavier femora. Mechanical bone parameters changed in a sex and FBs dose-dependent manner. Growth hormone and osteoprotegerin decreased in both sexes, regardless of FBs dose. In males osteocalcin decreased, while receptor activator for nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand increased regardless of FBs dose; while in females changes were dose dependent. Leptin decreased in both male FBs-intoxicated groups, bone alkaline phosphatase decreased only in the 60 FB group. Matrix metalloproteinase-8 protein expression increased in both female FBs-intoxicated groups and decreased in male 90 FB group. Osteoprotegerin and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 2 protein expression decreased in males, regardless of FBs dose, while nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand expression increased only in the 90 FB group. The disturbances in bone metabolic processes seemed to result from imbalances in the RANKL/RANK/OPG and the OC/leptin systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Tomaszewska
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Halyna Rudyk
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
- Laboratory of Feed Additives and Premixtures Control, State Research Control Institute of Veterinary Drugs and Feed Additives, 79000 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Siemowit Muszyński
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Environmental Biology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Monika Hułas-Stasiak
- Department of Functional Anatomy and Cytobiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| | - Norbert Leszczyński
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Transport Machinery, Faculty of Production Engineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-612 Lublin, Poland
| | - Maria Mielnik-Błaszczak
- Chair and Department of Developmental Dentistry, Medical University of Lublin, 20-081 Lublin, Poland
| | - Janine Donaldson
- School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa
| | - Piotr Dobrowolski
- Department of Functional Anatomy and Cytobiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
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Andreasen CM, El-Masri BM, MacDonald B, Laursen KS, Nielsen MH, Thomsen JS, Delaisse JM, Andersen TL. Local coordination between intracortical bone remodeling and vascular development in human juvenile bone. Bone 2023; 173:116787. [PMID: 37150243 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2023.116787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Although failure to establish a vascular network has been associated with many skeletal disorders, little is known about what drives development of vasculature in the intracortical bone compartments. Here, we show that intracortical bone resorption events are coordinated with development of the vasculature. We investigated the prevalence of vascular structures at different remodeling stages as well as their 3D organization using proximal femoral cortical bone from 5 girls and 6 boys (aged 6-15 years). A 2D analysis revealed that non-quiescent intracortical pores contained more vascular structures than quiescent pores (p < 0.0001). Type 2 pores, i.e., remodeling of existing pores, had a higher density of vascular structures than type 1 pores, i.e., de novo created pores (p < 0.05). Furthermore, pores at the eroded-formative remodeling stage, had more vascular structures than pores at any other remodeling stage (p < 0.05). A 3D reconstruction of an intracortical remodeling event showed that osteoclasts in the advancing tip of the cutting cone as well as preosteoclasts in the lumen expressed vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGFA), while VEGFA-receptors 1 and 2 mainly were expressed in endothelial cells in the adjacent vasculature. Consequently, we propose that the progression of the vascular network in intracortical remodeling events is driven by osteoclasts expressing VEGFA. Moreover, the vasculature is continuously reconfigured according to the demands of the remodeling events at the surrounding bone surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Møller Andreasen
- Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Molecular Bone Histology lab, Pathology Research Unit, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark; Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark.
| | - Bilal Mohamad El-Masri
- Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Molecular Bone Histology lab, Pathology Research Unit, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark; Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark.
| | - Birgit MacDonald
- Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Molecular Bone Histology lab, Pathology Research Unit, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark; Clinical Cell Biology, Vejle Hospital - Lillebaelt Hospital, Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | - Kaja Søndergaard Laursen
- Clinical Cell Biology, Vejle Hospital - Lillebaelt Hospital, Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark; Molecular Bone Histology lab, Department of Forensic Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Malene Hykkelbjerg Nielsen
- Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Molecular Bone Histology lab, Pathology Research Unit, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark; Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark.
| | | | - Jean-Marie Delaisse
- Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Molecular Bone Histology lab, Pathology Research Unit, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark; Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark; Clinical Cell Biology, Vejle Hospital - Lillebaelt Hospital, Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark.
| | - Thomas Levin Andersen
- Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Molecular Bone Histology lab, Pathology Research Unit, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark; Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark; Clinical Cell Biology, Vejle Hospital - Lillebaelt Hospital, Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark; Molecular Bone Histology lab, Department of Forensic Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
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Wang R, Luo H, Yang D, Yu B, Guo J, Shao L, Okamura H, Qiu L. Osteoblast Jmjd3 regulates osteoclastogenesis via EphB4 and RANKL signalling. Oral Dis 2023; 29:1613-1621. [PMID: 35181970 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoblasts suppress osteoclastogenesis during the reversal phase of bone remodelling and the mechanism needs to be further investigated. Here, we investigated the role of histone demethylase Jumonji domain-containing 3 (Jmjd3) in osteoblasts on regulating osteoclastogenesis. METHODS Jmjd3 expression was silenced in osteoblasts. Osteoblasts and osteoclasts were co-cultured in direct or indirect contact ways, and osteoclastogenesis was determined by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining and Western blotting. Additionally, Ephrin receptor B4 (EphB4) and receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa Β ligand (RANKL) expression were quantified in osteoblasts via real-time PCR, Western blotting, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Subsequently, EphB4 was overexpressed in osteoblasts and RANKL expression and osteoclastogenesis was quantified. RESULTS Osteoclastogenesis and marker protein expression levels was promoted when osteoclasts were co-cultured with Jmjd3-silenced osteoblasts. Silencing of Jmjd3 expression in osteoblasts decreased EphB4 expression, owing to suppression of demethylation of H3K27me3 on the promoter region of EphB4. Whereas RANKL expression was upregulated in Jmjd3-silenced osteoblasts. Overexpression of EphB4 in osteoblasts inhibited osteoclastogenesis and RANKL expression. CONCLUSION Jmjd3 in osteoblasts is a crucial regulator of osteoblast-to-osteoclast communication through EphB4-EphrinB2, RANKL-RANK and EphB4-RANKL signalling axes, suggesting the pivotal role of Jmjd3 in bone remodelling process in bone destruction disease such as chronic apical periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Department of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Huikun Luo
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Department of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Di Yang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Department of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Department of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jiajie Guo
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Department of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lina Shao
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Department of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hirohiko Okamura
- Department of Oral Morphology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Lihong Qiu
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Department of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Ramtani S, Sánchez JF, Boucetta A, Kraft R, Vaca-González JJ, Garzón-Alvarado DA. A coupled mathematical model between bone remodeling and tumors: a study of different scenarios using Komarova's model. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2023; 22:925-945. [PMID: 36922421 PMCID: PMC10167202 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-023-01689-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
This paper aims to construct a general framework of coupling tumor-bone remodeling processes in order to produce plausible outcomes of the effects of tumors on the number of osteoclasts, osteoblasts, and the frequency of the bone turnover cycle. In this document, Komarova's model has been extended to include the effect of tumors on the bone remodeling processes. Thus, we explored three alternatives for coupling tumor presence into Komarova's model: first, using a "damage" parameter that depends on the tumor cell concentration. A second model follows the original structure of Komarova, including the tumor presence in those equations powered up to a new parameter, called the paracrine effect of the tumor on osteoclasts and osteoblasts; the last model is replicated from Ayati and collaborators in which the impact of the tumor is included into the paracrine parameters. Through the models, we studied their stability and considered some examples that can reproduce the tumor effects seen in clinic and experimentally. Therefore, this paper has three parts: the exposition of the three models, the results and discussion (where we explore some aspects and examples of the solution of the models), and the conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salah Ramtani
- Laboratoire CSPBAT, equipe LBPS, CNRS (UMR 7244), Universit e Sorbonne Paris Nord, Paris, France
| | | | - Abdelkader Boucetta
- Laboratoire CSPBAT, equipe LBPS, CNRS (UMR 7244), Universit e Sorbonne Paris Nord, Paris, France
| | - Reuben Kraft
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Penn State University, University Park, USA
| | - Juan Jairo Vaca-González
- Escuela de Pregrado - Direccion Académica, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede de La Paz, Cesar, Colombia
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Lungu O, Toscani D, Burroughs-Garcia J, Giuliani N. The Metabolic Features of Osteoblasts: Implications for Multiple Myeloma (MM) Bone Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054893. [PMID: 36902326 PMCID: PMC10003241 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The study of osteoblast (OB) metabolism has recently received increased attention due to the considerable amount of energy used during the bone remodeling process. In addition to glucose, the main nutrient for the osteoblast lineages, recent data highlight the importance of amino acid and fatty acid metabolism in providing the fuel necessary for the proper functioning of OBs. Among the amino acids, it has been reported that OBs are largely dependent on glutamine (Gln) for their differentiation and activity. In this review, we describe the main metabolic pathways governing OBs' fate and functions, both in physiological and pathological malignant conditions. In particular, we focus on multiple myeloma (MM) bone disease, which is characterized by a severe imbalance in OB differentiation due to the presence of malignant plasma cells into the bone microenvironment. Here, we describe the most important metabolic alterations involved in the inhibition of OB formation and activity in MM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oxana Lungu
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Denise Toscani
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | | | - Nicola Giuliani
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
- Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Lombardi G, Delvin E. Micro-RNA: A Future Approach to Personalized Diagnosis of Bone Diseases. Calcif Tissue Int 2023; 112:271-287. [PMID: 35182198 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-022-00959-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a highly prevalent bone disease worldwide and the most studied bone-associated pathological condition. Although its diagnosis makes use of advanced and clinically relevant imaging and biochemical tools, the information suffers from several limitations and has little or no prognostic value. In this context, circulating micro-RNAs represent a potentially attractive alternative or a useful addition to the diagnostic arsenal and offer a greater prognostic potential than the conventional approaches. These short non-coding RNA molecules act as inhibitors of gene expression by targeting messenger RNAs with different degrees of complementarity, establishing a complex multilevel network, the basis for the fine modulation of gene expression that finally regulates every single activity of a cell. Micro-RNAs may passively and/or actively be released in the circulation by source cells, and being measurable in biological fluids, their concentrations may be associated to specific pathophysiological conditions. Mounting, despite debatable, evidence supports the use of micro-RNAs as markers of bone cell metabolic activity and bone diseases. Indeed, several micro-RNAs have been associated with bone mineral density, fractures and osteoporosis. However, concerns such as absence of comparability between studies and, the lack of standardization and harmonization of the methods, limit their application. In this review, we describe the pathophysiological bases of the association between micro-RNAs and the deregulation of bone cells activity and the processes that led to the identification of potential micro-RNA-based markers associated with metabolic bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Lombardi
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via Riccardo Galeazzi 4, 20161, Milano, Italy.
- Department of Athletics, Strength and Conditioning, Poznań University of Physical Education, Królowej Jadwigi 27/39, 61-871, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Edgard Delvin
- Ste-Justine University Hospital Research Centre & Department of Biochemistry, Université de Montreal, Montreal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada
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Zhang Y, Yu T, Ding J, Li Z. Bone-on-a-chip platforms and integrated biosensors: Towards advanced in vitro bone models with real-time biosensing. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 219:114798. [PMID: 36257118 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Bone diseases, such as osteoporosis and bone defects, often lead to structural and functional deformities of the patient's body. Understanding the complicated pathophysiology and finding new drugs for bone diseases are in dire need but challenging with the conventional cell and animal models. Bone-on-a-chip (BoC) models recapitulate key features of bone at an unprecedented level and can potentially shift the paradigm of future bone research and therapeutic development. Nevertheless, current BoC models predominantly rely on off-chip analysis which provides only endpoint measurements. To this end, integrating biosensors within the BoC can provide non-invasive, continuous monitoring of the experiment progression, significantly facilitating bone research. This review aims to summarize research progress in BoC and biosensor integrations and share perspectives on this exciting but rudimentary research area. We first introduce the research progress of BoC models in the study of bone remodeling and bone diseases, respectively. We then summarize the need for BoC characterization and reported works on biosensor integration in organ chips. Finally, we discuss the limitations and future directions of BoC models and biosensor integrations as next-generation technologies for bone research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- School of Dentistry, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China; School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Taozhao Yu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Jingyi Ding
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Zida Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
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Oguchi S, Sakamoto T, Hoshi K, Hikita A. Quantitative analyses of matrices, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts during bone remodeling using an in vitro system. J Bone Miner Metab 2023; 41:3-16. [PMID: 36344637 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-022-01381-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bone remodeling plays a central role in the maintenance of bone homeostasis. Our group has established an in vitro system by which the cellular events during bone remodeling can be observed longitudinally. This study used this system to quantitatively analyze osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and matrices to elucidate their temporal changes and correlations. MATERIALS AND METHODS Osteoblasts from EGFP mice were cultured to form calcified nodules, followed by co-culture with bone marrow macrophages from Tnfrsf11aCre/+ x Ai14 mice for 3 weeks (resorption phase). Then cells were cultured with osteoblast differentiation medium for 3 weeks (formation phase). The same sites were observed weekly using 2-photon microscopy. Matrices were detected using second harmonic generation. Parameters related to matrices, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts were quantified and statistically analyzed. RESULTS Resorption and replenishment of the matrix were observed at the same sites by 2 photon microscopy. Gross quantification revealed that matrix and osteoblast parameters decreased in the resorption phase and increased in the formation phase, while osteoclast parameters showed the opposite pattern. When one field of view was divided into 16 regions of interest (ROIs) and correlations between parameters were analyzed in each ROI, decreased and increased matrix volumes were moderately correlated. Parameters of matrices and osteoblasts, and those of matrices and osteoclasts exhibited moderate correlations, while those of osteoblasts and osteoclasts were only weakly correlated. CONCLUSION Several correlations between cells and matrix during remodeling were demonstrated quantitatively. This system may be a powerful tool for the research of bone remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuya Oguchi
- Department of Sensory and Motor System Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113‑8655, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Sakamoto
- Department of Tissue Engineering, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, 113‑8655, Japan
| | - Kazuto Hoshi
- Department of Sensory and Motor System Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113‑8655, Japan
- Department of Tissue Engineering, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, 113‑8655, Japan
- Department of Oral‑Maxillofacial Surgery, and Orthodontics, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, 113‑8655, Japan
| | - Atsuhiko Hikita
- Department of Tissue Engineering, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, 113‑8655, Japan.
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Liu L, Zhang Z, Aimaijiang M, Liu M, Huang L, Pan Z, Liu S, Qi S, Zhang X, Wang H, Li D, Zhou Y. Strontium-Incorporated Carbon Nitride Nanosheets Modulate Intracellular Tension for Reinforced Bone Regeneration. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:9723-9731. [PMID: 36459114 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c04078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Strontium-containing agents have been demonstrated to elicit both bone anabolic and antiosteoporotic effects, showing great potential for the treatment of bone loss. However, an increased incidence of strontium-induced side effects restricts their clinical applications. Herein, oxidized carbon nitride nanosheets (CN) are delicately used to incorporate Sr2+ for the first time to achieve high osteogenic efficacy. The lamellar structure and enriched nitrogen species of CN provide them with a high surface area-to-volume ratio and abundant anchoring sites for Sr2+ incorporation. Importantly, Sr2+-incorporated CN (CNS) could synergistically promote osteoblast differentiation and bone regeneration at a single, very low Sr2+ dose. Mechanically, CNS could activate the FAK/RhoA signaling pathway to modulate the intracellular tension that stimulates osteoblasts differentiation. The present study will provide a new paradigm to enhance the efficacy of osteogenic metal ions by using lamellar nanocarriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Liu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, 1500 Qinghua Road, Changchun 130021, People's Repbulic of China
| | - Zhiying Zhang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, 1500 Qinghua Road, Changchun 130021, People's Repbulic of China
| | - Maierhaba Aimaijiang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, 1500 Qinghua Road, Changchun 130021, People's Repbulic of China
| | - Manxuan Liu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, 1500 Qinghua Road, Changchun 130021, People's Repbulic of China
| | - Lei Huang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, 1500 Qinghua Road, Changchun 130021, People's Repbulic of China
| | - Ziyi Pan
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, 1500 Qinghua Road, Changchun 130021, People's Repbulic of China
| | - Shuchen Liu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, 1500 Qinghua Road, Changchun 130021, People's Repbulic of China
| | - Shuangyan Qi
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, 1500 Qinghua Road, Changchun 130021, People's Repbulic of China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, 1500 Qinghua Road, Changchun 130021, People's Repbulic of China
| | - Huan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resources Utilization and Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, People's Repbulic of China
| | - Daowei Li
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, 1500 Qinghua Road, Changchun 130021, People's Repbulic of China
| | - Yanmin Zhou
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, 1500 Qinghua Road, Changchun 130021, People's Repbulic of China
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Faienza MF, Pontrelli P, Brunetti G. Type 2 diabetes and bone fragility in children and adults. World J Diabetes 2022; 13:900-911. [PMID: 36437868 PMCID: PMC9693736 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v13.i11.900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a global epidemic disease. The prevalence of T2D in adolescents and young adults is increasing alarmingly. The mechanisms leading to T2D in young people are similar to those in older patients. However, the severity of onset, reduced insulin sensitivity and defective insulin secretion can be different in subjects who develop the disease at a younger age. T2D is associated with different complications, including bone fragility with consequent susceptibility to fractures. The purpose of this systematic review was to describe T2D bone fragility together with all the possible involved pathways. Numerous studies have reported that patients with T2D show preserved, or even increased, bone mineral density compared with controls. This apparent paradox can be explained by the altered bone quality with increased cortical bone porosity and compr-omised mechanical properties. Furthermore, reduced bone turnover has been described in T2D with reduced markers of bone formation and resorption. These findings prompted different researchers to highlight the mechanisms leading to bone fragility, and numerous critical altered pathways have been identified and studied. In detail, we focused our attention on the role of microvascular disease, advanced glycation end products, the senescence pathway, the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, the osteoprotegerin/receptor-activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand, osteonectin and fibroblast growth factor 23. The understanding of type 2 myeloid bone fragility is an important issue as it could suggest possible interventions for the prevention of poor bone quality in T2D and/or how to target these pathways when bone disease is clearly evident.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Felicia Faienza
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Pediatric Unit, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari 70124, Italy
| | - Paola Pontrelli
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari 70124, Italy
| | - Giacomina Brunetti
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari 70125, Italy
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Elson A, Anuj A, Barnea-Zohar M, Reuven N. The origins and formation of bone-resorbing osteoclasts. Bone 2022; 164:116538. [PMID: 36028118 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2022.116538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Osteoclasts (OCLs) are hematopoietic cells whose physiological function is to degrade bone. OCLs are key players in the processes that determine and maintain the mass, shape, and physical properties of bone. OCLs adhere to bone tightly and degrade its matrix by secreting protons and proteases onto the underlying surface. The combination of low pH and proteases degrades the mineral and protein components of the matrix and forms a resorption pit; the degraded material is internalized by the cell and then secreted into the circulation. Insufficient or excessive activity of OCLs can lead to significant changes in bone and either cause or exacerbate symptoms of diseases, as in osteoporosis, osteopetrosis, and cancer-induced bone lysis. OCLs are derived from monocyte-macrophage precursor cells whose origins are in two distinct embryonic cell lineages - erythromyeloid progenitor cells of the yolk sac, and hematopoietic stem cells. OCLs are formed in a multi-stage process that is induced by the cytokines M-CSF and RANKL, during which the cells differentiate, fuse to form multi-nucleated cells, and then differentiate further to become mature, bone-resorbing OCLs. Recent studies indicate that OCLs can undergo fission in vivo to generate smaller cells, called "osteomorphs", that can be "re-cycled" by fusing with other cells to form new OCLs. In this review we describe OCLs and discuss their cellular origins and the cellular and molecular events that drive osteoclastogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ari Elson
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
| | - Anuj Anuj
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Maayan Barnea-Zohar
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Nina Reuven
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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44
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Harrison KD, Sales E, Hiebert BD, Panahifar A, Zhu N, Arnason T, Swekla KJ, Pivonka P, Chapman LD, Cooper DM. Direct Assessment of Rabbit Cortical Bone Basic Multicellular Unit Longitudinal Erosion Rate: A 4D Synchrotron-Based Approach. J Bone Miner Res 2022; 37:2244-2258. [PMID: 36069373 PMCID: PMC10091719 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Cortical bone remodeling is carried out by basic multicellular units (BMUs), which couple resorption to formation. Although fluorochrome labeling has facilitated study of BMU formative parameters since the 1960s, some resorptive parameters, including the longitudinal erosion rate (LER), have remained beyond reach of direct measurement. Indeed, our only insights into this spatiotemporal parameter of BMU behavior come from classical studies that indirectly inferred LER. Here, we demonstrate a 4D in vivo method to directly measure LER through in-line phase contrast synchrotron imaging. The tibias of rabbits (n = 15) dosed daily with parathyroid hormone were first imaged in vivo (synchrotron micro-CT; day 15) and then ex vivo 14 days later (conventional micro-CT; day 29). Mean LER assessed by landmarking the co-registered scans was 23.69 ± 1.73 μm/d. This novel approach holds great promise for the direct study of the spatiotemporal coordination of bone remodeling, its role in diseases such as osteoporosis, as well as related treatments. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim D Harrison
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Erika Sales
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Beverly D Hiebert
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Arash Panahifar
- BioMedical Imaging and Therapy Beamline, Canadian Light Source, Saskatoon, Canada.,Department of Medical Imaging, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Ning Zhu
- BioMedical Imaging and Therapy Beamline, Canadian Light Source, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Terra Arnason
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Kurtis J Swekla
- Animal Care and Research Support Office, Office of the Vice President of Research, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Peter Pivonka
- School of Mechanical, Medical, and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - L Dean Chapman
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - David Ml Cooper
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
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45
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Sharma N, Weivoda MM, Søe K. Functional Heterogeneity Within Osteoclast Populations-a Critical Review of Four Key Publications that May Change the Paradigm of Osteoclasts. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2022; 20:344-355. [PMID: 35838878 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-022-00738-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In this review, we critically evaluate the literature for osteoclast heterogeneity, including heterogeneity in osteoclast behavior, which has hitherto been unstudied and has only recently come to attention. We give a critical review centered on four recent high-impact papers on this topic and aim to shed light on the elusive biology of osteoclasts and focus on the variant features of osteoclasts that diverge from the classical viewpoint. RECENT FINDINGS Osteoclasts originate from the myeloid lineage and are best known for their unique ability to resorb bone. For decades, osteoclasts have been defined simply as multinucleated cells positive for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity and quantified relative to the bone perimeter or surface in histomorphometric analyses. However, several recent, high-profile studies have demonstrated the existence of heterogeneous osteoclast populations, with variable origins and functions depending on the microenvironment. This includes long-term persisting osteoclasts, inflammatory osteoclasts, recycling osteoclasts (osteomorphs), and bone resorption modes. Most of these findings have been revealed through murine studies and have helped identify new targets for human studies. These studies have also uncovered distinct sets of behavioral patterns in heterogeneous osteoclast cultures. The underlying osteoclast heterogeneity likely drives differences in bone remodeling, altering patient risk for osteoporosis and fracture. Thus, identifying the underlying key features of osteoclast heterogeneity may help in better targeting bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Sharma
- Clinical Cell Biology, Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Pathology Research Unit, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, J. B. Winsløws Vej 25, 1. Floor, 5000, Odense C, Denmark
| | | | - Kent Søe
- Clinical Cell Biology, Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.
- Pathology Research Unit, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, J. B. Winsløws Vej 25, 1. Floor, 5000, Odense C, Denmark.
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46
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Aging leads to decline in bone mass and quality starting at age 30 in humans. All mammals undergo a basal age-dependent decline in bone mass. Osteoporosis is characterized by low bone mass and changes in bone microarchitecture that increases the risk of fracture. About a third of men over the age of 50 years are osteoporotic because they have higher than basal bone loss. In women, there is an additional acute decrement in bone mass, atop the basal rate, associated with loss of ovarian function (menopause) causing osteoporosis in about half of the women. Both genetics and environmental factors such as smoking, chronic infections, diet, microbiome, and metabolic disease can modulate basal age-dependent bone loss and eventual osteoporosis. Here, we review recent studies on the etiology of age-dependent decline in bone mass and propose a mechanism that integrates both genetic and environmental factors. RECENT FINDINGS Recent findings support that aging and menopause dysregulate the immune system leading to sterile low-grade inflammation. Both animal models and human studies demonstrate that certain kinds of inflammation, in both men and women, mediate bone loss. Senolytics, meant to block a wide array of age-induced effects by preventing cellular senescence, have been shown to improve bone mass in aged mice. Based on a synthesis of the recent data, we propose that aging activates long-lived tissue resident memory T-cells to become senescent and proinflammatory, leading to bone loss. Targeting this population may represent a promising osteoporosis therapy. Emerging data indicates that there are several mechanisms that lead to sterile low-grade chronic inflammation, inflammaging, that cause age- and estrogen-loss dependent osteoporosis in men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeev Aurora
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1100 S. Grand Blvd., DRC605, St. Louis, MO, 63104, USA.
| | - Deborah Veis
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases and Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
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Everts V, Jansen IDC, de Vries TJ. Mechanisms of bone resorption. Bone 2022; 163:116499. [PMID: 35872106 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2022.116499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Everts
- Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Anatomy, Dental Faculty, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Ineke D C Jansen
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Teun J de Vries
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Bai B, Hao J, Hou M, Wang T, Wu X, Liu Y, Wang Y, Dai C, Hua Y, Ji G, Zhou G. Repair of Large-Scale Rib Defects Based on Steel-Reinforced Concrete-Designed Biomimetic 3D-Printed Scaffolds with Bone-Mineralized Microenvironments. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:42388-42401. [PMID: 36094886 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c08422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Tissue engineering technology provides a promising approach for large-scale bone reconstruction in cases of extensive chest wall defects. However, previous studies did not consider meticulous scaffold design specific to large-scale rib regeneration in terms of three-dimensional (3D) shape, proper porous structures, enough mechanical strength, and osteogenic microenvironments. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop an appropriate bone biomimetic scaffold (BBS) to address this problem. In this study, a BBS with controllable 3D morphology, appropriate mechanical properties, good biocompatibility and biodegradability, porous structure suitable for cell loading, and a biomimetic osteogenic inorganic salt (OIS) microenvironment was successfully prepared by integrating computer-aided design, 3D-printing, cast-molding, and freeze-drying technologies. The addition of the OIS in the scaffold substantially promoted ectopic bone regeneration in vivo, which might be attributed to the activation of osteogenic and angiogenic signaling pathways as well as upregulated expression of osteogenic genes. More importantly, dual long rib defects could be successfully repaired and medullary cavity recanalized by the rib-shaped mature cortical bone, which might be mediated by the activation of osteoclast signaling pathways. Thus, this paper presents a reliable BBS and proposes a new strategy for the repair of large-scale bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoshuai Bai
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China
- Research Institute of Plastic Surgery, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261000, China
- National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Junxiang Hao
- Research Institute of Plastic Surgery, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261000, China
- National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Mengjie Hou
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China
- National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Research Institute of Plastic Surgery, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261000, China
- National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Xiaodi Wu
- Research Institute of Plastic Surgery, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261000, China
- National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Yanhan Liu
- Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yiyang Wang
- National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai 200001, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Chengxiang Dai
- Cellular Biomedicine Group, Incorporated, No. 85 Faladi Road, Building 3, Pudong New Area, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yujie Hua
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China
- National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai 200001, China
- Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Guangyu Ji
- National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai 200001, China
- Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200240, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Guangdong Zhou
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China
- Research Institute of Plastic Surgery, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261000, China
- National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai 200001, China
- Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200240, China
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49
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Bhatnagar A, Kekatpure AL. Postmenopausal Osteoporosis: A Literature Review. Cureus 2022; 14:e29367. [PMID: 36299953 PMCID: PMC9586717 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.29367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A substantial proportion of the population of females in India falls in the perimenopausal and postmenopausal age groups. One of the complications associated with older age in women is the weakening of bones and the fall in bone mineral density (BMD). This has a severe debilitating consequence in a woman’s life and leads to reduced quality of life along with a greater incidence of fractures. If the fracture involves the hip or the vertebrae, it can cause immobility and be devastating. Postmenopausal osteoporosis is linked with the deficiency of estrogen that occurs with the cessation of the function of the ovaries as age progresses. The function of estrogen in the bone remodeling process is very well understood after years of research; estrogen plays a part in both the formation of bone as well as the prevention of the resorption of bone. A diagnosis can be made by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). It is the gold standard and can spot low bone density at particular sites. The treatment options are selected according to the severity and rate of progression and factors pertaining to each patient. All postmenopausal women should be made aware of this disorder, and they should be encouraged to cultivate a healthy lifestyle through the implementation of a proper diet and inculcation of a regular exercise routine. Smoking and drinking alcohol should be limited, and calcium and vitamin D supplementation should be started in all women of the postmenopausal age group with or without osteoporosis. In patients who have been diagnosed with the disorder, pharmacological intervention is done. Drugs should be selected based on their side effects and contradictions. Follow-up is essential, and patient compliance should be carefully monitored. This article attempts to review the existing literature on this very prevalent disorder to spread awareness about it so that all postmenopausal women can take the necessary steps to prevent the weakening of their bones, and deal with its progression.
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Bolamperti S, Villa I, Rubinacci A. Bone remodeling: an operational process ensuring survival and bone mechanical competence. Bone Res 2022; 10:48. [PMID: 35851054 PMCID: PMC9293977 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-022-00219-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone remodeling replaces old and damaged bone with new bone through a sequence of cellular events occurring on the same surface without any change in bone shape. It was initially thought that the basic multicellular unit (BMU) responsible for bone remodeling consists of osteoclasts and osteoblasts functioning through a hierarchical sequence of events organized into distinct stages. However, recent discoveries have indicated that all bone cells participate in BMU formation by interacting both simultaneously and at different differentiation stages with their progenitors, other cells, and bone matrix constituents. Therefore, bone remodeling is currently considered a physiological outcome of continuous cellular operational processes optimized to confer a survival advantage. Bone remodeling defines the primary activities that BMUs need to perform to renew successfully bone structural units. Hence, this review summarizes the current understanding of bone remodeling and future research directions with the aim of providing a clinically relevant biological background with which to identify targets for therapeutic strategies in osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Bolamperti
- Osteoporosis and Bone and Mineral Metabolism Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milano, Italy
| | - Isabella Villa
- Osteoporosis and Bone and Mineral Metabolism Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rubinacci
- Osteoporosis and Bone and Mineral Metabolism Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milano, Italy.
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