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Flintoff JM, Alexander S, Kesby JP, Burne TH. The dynamic strategy shifting task: Optimisation of an operant task for assessing cognitive flexibility in rats. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1303728. [PMID: 39006823 PMCID: PMC11240049 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1303728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Although schizophrenia is associated with a broad range of symptoms including hallucinations, delusions, and reduced motivation, measures of cognitive dysfunction, including cognitive flexibility and executive function, are the strongest predictors of functional outcomes. Antipsychotic medications are useful for reducing psychotic symptoms, but they are ineffective at improving cognitive deficits. Despite extensive investment by industry, the transition from preclinical to clinical trials has not been successful for developing precognitive medications for individuals with schizophrenia. Here, we describe the optimisation of a novel dynamic strategy shifting task (DSST) using standard operant chambers to investigate the optimal stimuli required to limit the extensive training times required in previous tasks. Methods We determined that optimal learning by male and female Sprague Dawley rats for the flexibility task incorporated dynamic strategy shifts between spatial rules, such as following a visual cue or responding at one location, and non-spatial rules, such as responding to a central visual or auditory cue. A minimum of 6 correct consecutive responses were required to make a within-session change in the behavioural strategies. As a proof of concept, we trained and tested 84 Sprague Dawley rats on the DSST, and then assessed their cognitive flexibility using a within-subject design after an acute dose of ketamine (0, 3, 10 mg/kg). Rats made fewer premature and more perseverant responses to initiate a trial following ketamine. The effects of ketamine on trials to criterion was dependent on the rule. Results Ketamine induced a significant improvement on the reversal of a non-spatial visual discrimination rule. There was no significant effect of ketamine on the spatial visual or response discrimination rules. Discussion The DSST is a novel assay for studying distinct forms of cognitive flexibility and offers a rapid and adaptable means of assessing the ability to shift between increasingly challenging rule conditions. The DSST has potential utility in advancing our understanding of cognitive processes and the underlying neurobiological mechanisms related to flexibility in neuropsychiatric and neurological conditions where executive dysfunctions occur.>.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Suzy Alexander
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
- Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, The Park Centre for Mental Health, Wacol, QLD, Australia
| | - James Paul Kesby
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
- Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, The Park Centre for Mental Health, Wacol, QLD, Australia
| | - Thomas Henry Burne
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
- Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, The Park Centre for Mental Health, Wacol, QLD, Australia
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2
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Li A, Li W, Ali T, Yang C, Liu Z, Gao R, He K, Liu XA, Chen Z, Yu ZJ, Li T, Li S. A novel dopamine D2 receptor-NR2B protein complex might contribute to morphine use disorders. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 961:176174. [PMID: 37939993 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Dopamine receptors can form heteromeric interactions with other receptors, including glutamate receptors, and present a novel pharmacological target because it contribute to dopamine-dysregulated brain disorders such as addiction and other motor-related diseases. In addition, dopamine receptors D2 (D2Rs) and glutamate NMDA receptors subtype-NR2B have been implicated in morphine use disorders; however, the molecular mechanism underlying the heteromeric complex of these two receptors in morphine use disorders is unclear. Herein, we focus on interactions between D2R and NR2B in morphine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) and hyperlocomotion mice models. We found that the D2R-NR2B complex significantly increases in morphine-induced mice models, accompanied by ERK signaling impairment, implying the complex could contribute to the morphine addiction pathophysiological process. Further, we design a brain-penetrant interfering peptide (TAT-D2-KT), which could disrupt interactions of D2R-NR2B and decrease addictive-like behaviors concurrent to ERK signaling improvement. In summary, our data provided the first evidence for a D2R-NMDAR complex formation in morphine use disorders and its underlying mechanism of ERK signaling, which could present a novel therapeutic target with direct implications for morphine acquisition and relapse treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axiang Li
- College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China; Institute of Forensic Injury, Institute of Forensic Bio-Evidence, Western China Science and Technology Innovation Harbor, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Weifen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Tahir Ali
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China; Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Canyu Yang
- College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China; Institute of Forensic Injury, Institute of Forensic Bio-Evidence, Western China Science and Technology Innovation Harbor, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Zizhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Ruyan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Kaiwu He
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Xin-An Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behavior, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute (BCBDI), Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China; Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Zuxin Chen
- Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction, Shenzhen Neher Neural Plasticity Laboratory, The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), China.
| | - Zhi-Jian Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Endogenous Infections, The 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, No 89, Taoyuan Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518052, China.
| | - Tao Li
- College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China; Institute of Forensic Injury, Institute of Forensic Bio-Evidence, Western China Science and Technology Innovation Harbor, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China; NHC Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shupeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China; Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518055, China; Campbell Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Ladagu AD, Olopade FE, Chazot P, Oyagbemi AA, Ohiomokhare S, Folarin OR, Gilbert TT, Fuller M, Luong T, Adejare A, Olopade JO. Attenuation of Vanadium-Induced Neurotoxicity in Rat Hippocampal Slices (In Vitro) and Mice (In Vivo) by ZA-II-05, a Novel NMDA-Receptor Antagonist. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16710. [PMID: 38069032 PMCID: PMC10706475 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to heavy metals, such as vanadium, poses an ongoing environmental and health threat, heightening the risk of neurodegenerative disorders. While several compounds have shown promise in mitigating vanadium toxicity, their efficacy is limited. Effective strategies involve targeting specific subunits of the NMDA receptor, a glutamate receptor linked to neurodegenerative conditions. The potential neuroprotective effects of ZA-II-05, an NMDA receptor antagonist, against vanadium-induced neurotoxicity were explored in this study. Organotypic rat hippocampal slices, and live mice, were used as models to comprehensively evaluate the compound's impact. Targeted in vivo fluorescence analyses of the hippocampal slices using propidium iodide as a marker for cell death was utilized. The in vivo study involved five dams, each with eight pups, which were randomly assigned to five experimental groups (n = 8 pups). After administering treatments intraperitoneally over six months, various brain regions were assessed for neuropathologies using different immunohistochemical markers. High fluorescence intensity was observed in the hippocampal slices treated with vanadium, signifying cell death. Vanadium-exposed mice exhibited demyelination, microgliosis, and neuronal cell loss. Significantly, treatment with ZA-II-05 resulted in reduced cellular death in the rat hippocampal slices and preserved cellular integrity and morphological architecture in different anatomical regions, suggesting its potential in countering vanadium-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amany Digal Ladagu
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 200284, Nigeria; (A.D.L.); (O.R.F.); (T.T.G.); (J.O.O.)
| | | | - Paul Chazot
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, County Durham DH1 3LE, UK;
| | - Ademola A. Oyagbemi
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 200284, Nigeria;
| | - Samuel Ohiomokhare
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, County Durham DH1 3LE, UK;
| | - Oluwabusayo Racheal Folarin
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 200284, Nigeria; (A.D.L.); (O.R.F.); (T.T.G.); (J.O.O.)
| | - Taidinda Tashara Gilbert
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 200284, Nigeria; (A.D.L.); (O.R.F.); (T.T.G.); (J.O.O.)
| | - Madison Fuller
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Arts and Sciences, Saint Joseph’s University, Philadelphia, PA 19131, USA; (M.F.); (T.L.)
| | - Toan Luong
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Arts and Sciences, Saint Joseph’s University, Philadelphia, PA 19131, USA; (M.F.); (T.L.)
| | - Adeboye Adejare
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, Saint Joseph’s University, Philadelphia, PA 19131, USA;
| | - James O. Olopade
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 200284, Nigeria; (A.D.L.); (O.R.F.); (T.T.G.); (J.O.O.)
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Ladagu AD, Olopade FE, Adejare A, Olopade JO. GluN2A and GluN2B N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor (NMDARs) Subunits: Their Roles and Therapeutic Antagonists in Neurological Diseases. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1535. [PMID: 38004401 PMCID: PMC10674917 DOI: 10.3390/ph16111535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) are ion channels that respond to the neurotransmitter glutamate, playing a crucial role in the permeability of calcium ions and excitatory neurotransmission in the central nervous system (CNS). Composed of various subunits, NMDARs are predominantly formed by two obligatory GluN1 subunits (with eight splice variants) along with regulatory subunits GluN2 (GluN2A-2D) and GluN3 (GluN3A-B). They are widely distributed throughout the CNS and are involved in essential functions such as synaptic transmission, learning, memory, plasticity, and excitotoxicity. The presence of GluN2A and GluN2B subunits is particularly important for cognitive processes and has been strongly implicated in neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. Understanding the roles of GluN2A and GluN2B NMDARs in neuropathologies provides valuable insights into the underlying causes and complexities of major nervous system disorders. This knowledge is vital for the development of selective antagonists targeting GluN2A and GluN2B subunits using pharmacological and molecular methods. Such antagonists represent a promising class of NMDA receptor inhibitors that have the potential to be developed into neuroprotective drugs with optimal therapeutic profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amany Digal Ladagu
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 200284, Nigeria; (A.D.L.); (J.O.O.)
| | - Funmilayo Eniola Olopade
- Developmental Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 200284, Nigeria
| | - Adeboye Adejare
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, Saint Joseph’s University, Philadelphia, PA 19131, USA
| | - James Olukayode Olopade
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 200284, Nigeria; (A.D.L.); (J.O.O.)
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Abbasi S, Wolff A, Çatal Y, Northoff G. Increased noise relates to abnormal excitation-inhibition balance in schizophrenia: a combined empirical and computational study. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:10477-10491. [PMID: 37562844 PMCID: PMC10560578 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Electroencephalography studies link sensory processing issues in schizophrenia to increased noise level-noise here is background spontaneous activity-as measured by the signal-to-noise ratio. The mechanism, however, of such increased noise is unknown. We investigate if this relates to changes in cortical excitation-inhibition balance, which has been observed to be atypical in schizophrenia, by combining electroencephalography and computational modeling. Our electroencephalography task results, for which the local field potentials can be used as a proxy, show lower signal-to-noise ratio due to higher noise in schizophrenia. Both electroencephalography rest and task states exhibit higher levels of excitation in the functional excitation-inhibition (as a proxy of excitation-inhibition balance). This suggests a relationship between increased noise and atypical excitation in schizophrenia, which was addressed by using computational modeling. A Leaky Integrate-and-Fire model was used to simulate the effects of varying degrees of noise on excitation-inhibition balance, local field potential, NMDA current, and . Results show a noise-related increase in the local field potential, excitation in excitation-inhibition balance, pyramidal NMDA current, and spike rate. Mutual information and mediation analysis were used to explore a cross-level relationship, showing that the cortical local field potential plays a key role in transferring the effect of noise to the cellular population level of NMDA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Abbasi
- University of Ottawa, Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa ON K1Z 7K4, Canada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hamedan University of Technology, Hamedan 65169-13733, Iran
| | - Annemarie Wolff
- University of Ottawa, Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa ON K1Z 7K4, Canada
| | - Yasir Çatal
- University of Ottawa, Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa ON K1Z 7K4, Canada
| | - Georg Northoff
- University of Ottawa, Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa ON K1Z 7K4, Canada
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Olivero G, Grilli M, Marchi M, Pittaluga A. Metamodulation of presynaptic NMDA receptors: New perspectives for pharmacological interventions. Neuropharmacology 2023; 234:109570. [PMID: 37146939 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Metamodulation shifted the scenario of the central neuromodulation from a simplified unimodal model to a multimodal one. It involves different receptors/membrane proteins physically associated or merely colocalized that act in concert to control the neuronal functions influencing each other. Defects or maladaptation of metamodulation would subserve neuropsychiatric disorders or even synaptic adaptations relevant to drug dependence. Therefore, this "vulnerability" represents a main issue to be deeply analyzed to predict its aetiopathogenesis, but also to propose targeted pharmaceutical interventions. The review focusses on presynaptic release-regulating NMDA receptors and on some of the mechanisms of their metamodulation described in the literature. Attention is paid to the interactors, including both ionotropic and metabotropic receptors, transporters and intracellular proteins, which metamodulate their responsiveness in physiological conditions but also undergo adaptation that are relevant to neurological dysfunctions. All these structures are attracting more and more the interest as promising druggable targets for the treatment of NMDAR-related central diseases: these substances would not exert on-off control of the colocalized NMDA receptors (as usually observed with NMDAR full agonists/antagonists), but rather modulate their functions, with the promise of limiting side effects that would favor their translation from preclinic to clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guendalina Olivero
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148, Genoa, Italy
| | - Massimo Grilli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148, Genoa, Italy; Inter-University Center for the Promotion of the 3Rs Principles in Teaching & Research (Centro 3R), 16148, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Mario Marchi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148, Genoa, Italy
| | - Anna Pittaluga
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148, Genoa, Italy; Inter-University Center for the Promotion of the 3Rs Principles in Teaching & Research (Centro 3R), 16148, Genoa, Italy
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Alijanpour S, Rezayof A. Activation of ventral hippocampal CB1 receptors inhibits ketamine-induced anxiogenic-like behavior: Alteration of BDNF/c-Fos levels in the mouse hippocampus. Brain Res 2023; 1810:148378. [PMID: 37121426 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Considering the increasing usage of ketamine as a recreational drug with hallucinogenic properties and also scarce studies about receptor systems responsible for its effects, in the present study we aimed to investigate whether the activation of the ventral hippocampal (VH) CB1 cannabinoid receptors affects the anxiety-like behaviors induced by ketamine. Also, the levels of BDNF and c-Fos proteins in the mouse hippocampus were measured following the treatments. For this purpose, male NMRI mice were cannulated bilaterally in the VH with a stereotaxic apparatus. Anxiety properties and protein changes were measured using elevated plus-maze (EPM) and western blotting respectively. The results revealed that intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of ketamine (5-20 mg/kg) significantly decreased the percentage of open arm time (%OAT) and open arm entry (%OAE) in the EPM with no alteration in the locomotor activity suggesting an anxiogenic-like behavior to ketamine. Furthermore, ketamine administration (10 mg/kg, i.p.) increased BDNF and c-Fos levels in the hippocampus. Interestingly, activation of the VH CB1 receptors by ACPA (0.5-4 ng/mouse) inhibited the anxiogenic-like behaviors produced by ketamine, whereas the microinjection of the same doses of ACPA into VH by itself had no effect on the EPM parameters. Hippocampal levels of BDNF and c-Fos decreased after treatment with combined ketamine with ACPA. These results suggest the therapeutic potency of cannabinoid receptor agonists for ketamine-induced anxiogenic-related responses. This effect might be at least partially mediated by the alteration of BDNF and c-Fos signaling in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakineh Alijanpour
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Iran.
| | - Ameneh Rezayof
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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Zimbelman AR, Wong B, Murray CH, Wolf ME, Stefanik MT. Dopamine D1 and NMDA receptor co-regulation of protein translation in cultured nucleus accumbens neurons. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.02.535293. [PMID: 37034633 PMCID: PMC10081306 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.02.535293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
Protein translation is essential for some forms of synaptic plasticity. We used nucleus accumbens (NAc) medium spiny neurons (MSN), co-cultured with cortical neurons to restore excitatory synapses, to examine whether dopamine modulates protein translation in NAc MSN. FUNCAT was used to measure translation in MSNs under basal conditions and after disinhibiting excitatory transmission using the GABAA receptor antagonist bicuculline (2 hr). Under basal conditions, translation was not altered by the D1-class receptor (D1R) agonist SKF81297 or the D2-class receptor (D2R) agonist quinpirole. Bicuculline alone robustly increased translation. This was reversed by quinpirole but not SKF81297. It was also reversed by co-incubation with the D1R antagonist SCH23390, but not the D2R antagonist eticlopride, suggesting dopaminergic tone at D1Rs. This was surprising because no dopamine neurons are present. An alternative explanation is that bicuculline activates translation by increasing glutamate tone at NMDA receptors (NMDAR) within D1R/NMDAR heteromers, which have been described in other cell types. Supporting this, immunocytochemistry and proximity ligation assays revealed D1/NMDAR heteromers on NAc cells both in vitro and in vivo. Further, bicuculline's effect was reversed to the same extent by SCH23390 alone, the NMDAR antagonist APV alone, or SCH23390+APV. These results suggest that: 1) excitatory synaptic transmission stimulates translation in NAc MSNs, 2) this is opposed when glutamate activates D1R/NMDAR heteromers, even in the absence of dopamine, and 3) antagonist occupation of D1Rs within the heteromers prevents their activation. Our study is the first to suggest a role for D2 receptors and D1R/NMDAR heteromers in regulating protein translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexa R. Zimbelman
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, North Central College, Naperville, IL 60540
| | - Benjamin Wong
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, North Central College, Naperville, IL 60540
| | - Conor H. Murray
- Department of Neuroscience, The Chicago Medical School at Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, 60064
- Present address: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Marina E. Wolf
- Department of Neuroscience, The Chicago Medical School at Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, 60064
- These authors contributed equally
- Present address: Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97212
| | - Michael T. Stefanik
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, North Central College, Naperville, IL 60540
- Department of Neuroscience, The Chicago Medical School at Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, 60064
- These authors contributed equally
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Rossato JI, Radiske A, Gonzalez MC, Apolinário G, de Araújo RL, Bevilaqua LR, Cammarota M. NMDARs control object recognition memory destabilization and reconsolidation. Brain Res Bull 2023; 197:42-48. [PMID: 37011815 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2023.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
Object recognition memory (ORM) allows identification of previously encountered items and is therefore crucial for remembering episodic information. In rodents, reactivation during recall in the presence of a novel object destabilizes ORM and initiates a Zif268 and protein synthesis-dependent reconsolidation process in the hippocampus that links the memory of this object to the reactivated recognition trace. Hippocampal NMDA receptors (NMDARs) modulate Zif268 expression and protein synthesis and regulate memory stability but their possible involvement in the ORM destabilization/reconsolidation cycle has yet to be analyzed in detail. We found that, in adult male Wistar rats, intra dorsal-CA1 administration of the non-subunit selective NMDAR antagonist AP5, or of the GluN2A subunit-containing NMDAR antagonist TCN201, 5min after an ORM reactivation session in the presence of a novel object carried out 24h post-training impaired retention 24h later. In contrast, pre-reactivation administration of the GluN2B subunit-containing NMDAR antagonist RO25-6981 had no effect on ORM recall or retention but impeded the amnesia caused by Zif268 silencing and protein synthesis inhibition in dorsal CA1. Our results indicate that GluN2B-containing hippocampal NMDARs are necessary for ORM destabilization whereas GluN2A-containing NMDARs are involved in ORM reconsolidation, and suggest that modulation of the relative activity of these receptor subtypes during recall regulates ORM persistence.
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Bono F, Tomasoni Z, Mutti V, Sbrini G, Kumar R, Longhena F, Fiorentini C, Missale C. G Protein-Dependent Activation of the PKA-Erk1/2 Pathway by the Striatal Dopamine D1/D3 Receptor Heteromer Involves Beta-Arrestin and the Tyrosine Phosphatase Shp-2. Biomolecules 2023; 13:473. [PMID: 36979407 PMCID: PMC10046256 DOI: 10.3390/biom13030473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The heteromer composed of dopamine D1 and D3 receptors (D1R-D3R) has been defined as a structure able to trigger Erk1/2 and Akt signaling in a G protein-independent, beta-arrestin 1-dependent way that is physiologically expressed in the ventral striatum and is likely involved in the control of locomotor activity. Indeed, abnormal levels of D1R-D3R heteromer in the dorsal striatum have been correlated with the development of L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID) in Parkinson's disease patients, a motor complication associated with striatal D1R signaling, thus requiring Gs protein and PKA activity to activate Erk1/2. Therefore, to clarify the role of the D1R/D3R heteromer in LID, we investigated the signaling pathway induced by the heteromer using transfected cells and primary mouse striatal neurons. Collectively, we found that in both the cell models, D1R/D3R heteromer-induced activation of Erk1/2 exclusively required the D1R molecular effectors, such as Gs protein and PKA, with the contribution of the phosphatase Shp-2 and beta-arrestins, indicating that heterodimerization with the D3R abolishes the specific D3R-mediated signaling but strongly allows D1R signals. Therefore, while in physiological conditions the D1R/D3R heteromer could represent a mechanism that strengthens the D1R activity, its pathological expression may contribute to the abnormal PKA-Shp-2-Erk1/2 pathway connected with LID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Bono
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Zaira Tomasoni
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Veronica Mutti
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Giulia Sbrini
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, 1920 Terry Ave., Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Francesca Longhena
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Chiara Fiorentini
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Cristina Missale
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
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11
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Fedotova EI, Abramov AY, Berezhnov AV. Dopamine Protects Neurons against Glutamate-Induced Excitotoxicity. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW), SUPPLEMENT SERIES A: MEMBRANE AND CELL BIOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990747822060058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
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12
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Zhang M, Sun Y, Saggar M. Cross-attractor repertoire provides new perspective on structure-function relationship in the brain. Neuroimage 2022; 259:119401. [PMID: 35732244 PMCID: PMC9503321 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The brain exhibits complex intrinsic dynamics, i.e., spontaneously arising activity patterns without any external inputs or tasks. Such intrinsic dynamics and their alteration are thought to play crucial roles in typical as well as atypical cognitive functioning. Linking the ever-changing intrinsic dynamics to the rather static anatomy is a challenging endeavor. Dynamical systems models are important tools for understanding how structure and function are linked in the brain. Here, we provide a novel modeling framework to examine how functional connectivity depends on structural connectivity in the brain. Existing modeling frameworks typically focus on noise-driven (or stochastic) dynamics near a single attractor. Complementing existing approaches, we examine deterministic features of the distribution of attractors, in particular, how regional states are correlated across all attractors - cross-attractor coordination. We found that cross-attractor coordination between brain regions better predicts human functional connectivity than noise-driven single-attractor dynamics. Importantly, cross-attractor coordination better accounts for the nonlinear dependency of functional connectivity on structural connectivity. Our findings suggest that functional connectivity patterns in the brain may reflect transitions between attractors, which impose an energy cost. The framework may be used to predict transitions and energy costs associated with experimental or clinical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengsen Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94304, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA.
| | - Yinming Sun
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94304, USA
| | - Manish Saggar
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94304, USA.
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13
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Titulaer J, Radhe O, Danielsson K, Dutheil S, Marcus MM, Jardemark K, Svensson TH, Snyder GL, Ericson M, Davis RE, Konradsson-Geuken Å. Lumateperone-mediated effects on prefrontal glutamatergic receptor-mediated neurotransmission: A dopamine D 1 receptor dependent mechanism. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2022; 62:22-35. [PMID: 35878581 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2022.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Lumateperone is a novel drug approved for the treatment of schizophrenia in adults and depressive episodes associated with bipolar depression in adults, as monotherapy and as adjunctive therapy with lithium or valproate treatment in the United States. Lumateperone simultaneously modulates key neurotransmitters, such as serotonin, dopamine, and glutamate, implicated in serious mental illness. In patients with schizophrenia, lumateperone was shown to improve positive symptoms along with negative and depressive symptoms, while also enhancing prosocial behavior. Moreover, in patients with bipolar I or II disorder, lumateperone improved depressive symptoms as well. To further understand the mechanisms related to lumateperone's clinical response, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of lumateperone on dopaminergic- and glutamatergic signaling in the rat medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). We used the conditioned avoidance response (CAR) test to determine the antipsychotic-like effect of lumateperone, electrophysiology in vitro to study lumateperone's effects on NMDA- and AMPA-induced currents in the mPFC, and the neurochemical techniques microdialysis and amperometry to measure dopamine- and glutamate release in the rat mPFC. Our results demonstrate that lumateperone; i) significantly suppressed CAR in rats, indicating an antipsychotic-like effect, ii) facilitated NMDA and AMPA receptor-mediated currents in the mPFC, in a dopamine D1-dependent manner, and iii) significantly increased dopamine and glutamate release in the rat mPFC. To the extent that these findings can be translated to humans, the ability of lumateperone to activate these pathways may contribute to its demonstrated effectiveness in safely improving symptoms related to neuropsychiatric disorder including mood alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Titulaer
- Section of Neuropharmacology and Addiction Research, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Section of Neuropsychopharmacology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - O Radhe
- Section of Neuropharmacology and Addiction Research, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - K Danielsson
- Addiction Biology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - S Dutheil
- Intra-Cellular Therapies, Inc., New York, NY, United States
| | - M M Marcus
- Section of Neuropsychopharmacology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - K Jardemark
- Section of Neuropsychopharmacology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - T H Svensson
- Section of Neuropsychopharmacology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - G L Snyder
- Intra-Cellular Therapies, Inc., New York, NY, United States
| | - M Ericson
- Addiction Biology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - R E Davis
- Intra-Cellular Therapies, Inc., New York, NY, United States
| | - Å Konradsson-Geuken
- Section of Neuropharmacology and Addiction Research, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Section of Neuropsychopharmacology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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14
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Belov D, Fesenko Z, Efimov A, Lakstygal A, Efimova E. Different sensitivity to anesthesia according to ECoG data in dopamine transporter knockout and heterozygous rats. Neurosci Lett 2022; 788:136839. [PMID: 35964824 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2022.136839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Dopamine in the brain is involved in many important functions, including the regulation of wakefulness. There is also some evidence suggesting that the dopamine function is crucial in anesthetic function. The state of anesthesia is characterized by a change in the level of consciousness and a change in brain electrical activity. Due to impaired mechanisms of dopamine transportation back to the synaptic terminal, dopamine transporter (DAT) knockout and heterozygous rats have increased levels of the extracellular dopamine. In our work, we registered ECoG disturbances in knockout and heterozygous rats, as well as disturbances in tone and activity in acute experiments under the anesthesia Zoletil (tiletamine and zolazepam) from the somatosensory cortex using a NeuroNexus flat multielectrode array to study gamma activity. We also used four low-resistance electrodes to control the slow rhythm. Both low-resistance and high-resistance electrodes showed differences in the ECoG spectrum of heterozygotes and total knockouts from the wild type and from each other. Heterozygous rats for the DAT gene (HET) showed increased rapid beta and gamma activity and decreased slow delta activity, while complete knockouts (KO), on the contrary, showed increased delta activity and decreased beta and gamma activity. Thus, the ECoG spectrum of HET is shifted to the right, while that of KO is shifted to the left. Full knockouts also showed decreased spatial synchronization in the 30-100 Hz gamma range compared to the wild type (WT). It is assumed that sedation of HET and KO is shifted towards opposite directions compared to WT under the same anesthesia conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Belov
- V.A. Almazov NMRC, 2 Akkuratova, St., St. Petersburg 197341, Russia.
| | - Zoia Fesenko
- Department of Biology, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab., 7-9, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia; Institute of Translational Biomedicine, Saint Petersburg State University, 7-9 Universitetskaya nab., Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Andrey Efimov
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, Saint Petersburg State University, 7-9 Universitetskaya nab., Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Anton Lakstygal
- Department of Biology, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab., 7-9, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Evgeniya Efimova
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, Saint Petersburg State University, 7-9 Universitetskaya nab., Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia
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15
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Dysfunctional Heteroreceptor Complexes as Novel Targets for the Treatment of Major Depressive and Anxiety Disorders. Cells 2022; 11:cells11111826. [PMID: 35681521 PMCID: PMC9180493 DOI: 10.3390/cells11111826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Among mental diseases, major depressive disorder (MDD) and anxiety deserve a special place due to their high prevalence and their negative impact both on society and patients suffering from these disorders. Consequently, the development of novel strategies designed to treat them quickly and efficiently, without or at least having limited side effects, is considered a highly important goal. Growing evidence indicates that emerging properties are developed on recognition, trafficking, and signaling of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) upon their heteromerization with other types of GPCRs, receptor tyrosine kinases, and ionotropic receptors such as N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors. Therefore, to develop new treatments for MDD and anxiety, it will be important to identify the most vulnerable heteroreceptor complexes involved in MDD and anxiety. This review focuses on how GPCRs, especially serotonin, dopamine, galanin, and opioid heteroreceptor complexes, modulate synaptic and volume transmission in the limbic networks of the brain. We attempt to provide information showing how these emerging concepts can contribute to finding new ways to treat both MDD and anxiety disorders.
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16
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Allichon MC, Ortiz V, Pousinha P, Andrianarivelo A, Petitbon A, Heck N, Trifilieff P, Barik J, Vanhoutte P. Cell-Type-Specific Adaptions in Striatal Medium-Sized Spiny Neurons and Their Roles in Behavioral Responses to Drugs of Abuse. Front Synaptic Neurosci 2022; 13:799274. [PMID: 34970134 PMCID: PMC8712310 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2021.799274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug addiction is defined as a compulsive pattern of drug-seeking- and taking- behavior, with recurrent episodes of abstinence and relapse, and a loss of control despite negative consequences. Addictive drugs promote reinforcement by increasing dopamine in the mesocorticolimbic system, which alters excitatory glutamate transmission within the reward circuitry, thereby hijacking reward processing. Within the reward circuitry, the striatum is a key target structure of drugs of abuse since it is at the crossroad of converging glutamate inputs from limbic, thalamic and cortical regions, encoding components of drug-associated stimuli and environment, and dopamine that mediates reward prediction error and incentive values. These signals are integrated by medium-sized spiny neurons (MSN), which receive glutamate and dopamine axons converging onto their dendritic spines. MSN primarily form two mostly distinct populations based on the expression of either DA-D1 (D1R) or DA-D2 (D2R) receptors. While a classical view is that the two MSN populations act in parallel, playing antagonistic functional roles, the picture seems much more complex. Herein, we review recent studies, based on the use of cell-type-specific manipulations, demonstrating that dopamine differentially modulates dendritic spine density and synapse formation, as well as glutamate transmission, at specific inputs projecting onto D1R-MSN and D2R-MSN to shape persistent pathological behavioral in response to drugs of abuse. We also discuss the identification of distinct molecular events underlying the detrimental interplay between dopamine and glutamate signaling in D1R-MSN and D2R-MSN and highlight the relevance of such cell-type-specific molecular studies for the development of innovative strategies with potential therapeutic value for addiction. Because drug addiction is highly prevalent in patients with other psychiatric disorders when compared to the general population, we last discuss the hypothesis that shared cellular and molecular adaptations within common circuits could explain the co-occurrence of addiction and depression. We will therefore conclude this review by examining how the nucleus accumbens (NAc) could constitute a key interface between addiction and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Charlotte Allichon
- CNRS, UMR 8246, Neuroscience Paris Seine, Paris, France.,INSERM, UMR-S 1130, Neuroscience Paris Seine, Institute of Biology Paris Seine, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université, UPMC Université Paris 06, UM CR18, Neuroscience Paris Seine, Paris, France
| | - Vanesa Ortiz
- Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France.,Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS UMR 7275, Valbonne, France
| | - Paula Pousinha
- Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France.,Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS UMR 7275, Valbonne, France
| | - Andry Andrianarivelo
- CNRS, UMR 8246, Neuroscience Paris Seine, Paris, France.,INSERM, UMR-S 1130, Neuroscience Paris Seine, Institute of Biology Paris Seine, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université, UPMC Université Paris 06, UM CR18, Neuroscience Paris Seine, Paris, France
| | - Anna Petitbon
- Université Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, Bordeaux, France
| | - Nicolas Heck
- CNRS, UMR 8246, Neuroscience Paris Seine, Paris, France.,INSERM, UMR-S 1130, Neuroscience Paris Seine, Institute of Biology Paris Seine, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université, UPMC Université Paris 06, UM CR18, Neuroscience Paris Seine, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Trifilieff
- Université Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, Bordeaux, France
| | - Jacques Barik
- Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France.,Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS UMR 7275, Valbonne, France
| | - Peter Vanhoutte
- CNRS, UMR 8246, Neuroscience Paris Seine, Paris, France.,INSERM, UMR-S 1130, Neuroscience Paris Seine, Institute of Biology Paris Seine, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université, UPMC Université Paris 06, UM CR18, Neuroscience Paris Seine, Paris, France
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17
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Andrianarivelo A, Saint-Jour E, Pousinha P, Fernandez SP, Petitbon A, De Smedt-Peyrusse V, Heck N, Ortiz V, Allichon MC, Kappès V, Betuing S, Walle R, Zhu Y, Joséphine C, Bemelmans AP, Turecki G, Mechawar N, Javitch JA, Caboche J, Trifilieff P, Barik J, Vanhoutte P. Disrupting D1-NMDA or D2-NMDA receptor heteromerization prevents cocaine's rewarding effects but preserves natural reward processing. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabg5970. [PMID: 34669474 PMCID: PMC8528421 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abg5970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Addictive drugs increase dopamine in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), where it persistently shapes excitatory glutamate transmission and hijacks natural reward processing. Here, we provide evidence, from mice to humans, that an underlying mechanism relies on drug-evoked heteromerization of glutamate N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDAR) with dopamine receptor 1 (D1R) or 2 (D2R). Using temporally controlled inhibition of D1R-NMDAR heteromerization, we unraveled their selective implication in early phases of cocaine-mediated synaptic, morphological, and behavioral responses. In contrast, preventing D2R-NMDAR heteromerization blocked the persistence of these adaptations. Interfering with these heteromers spared natural reward processing. Notably, we established that D2R-NMDAR complexes exist in human samples and showed that, despite a decreased D2R protein expression in the NAc, individuals with psychostimulant use disorder display a higher proportion of D2R forming heteromers with NMDAR. These findings contribute to a better understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying addiction and uncover D2R-NMDAR heteromers as targets with potential therapeutic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andry Andrianarivelo
- CNRS, UMR 8246, Neuroscience Paris Seine, F-75005 Paris, France
- INSERM, UMR-S 1130, Neuroscience Paris Seine, Institute of Biology Paris Seine, F-75005 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Université Paris 06, UM CR18, Neuroscience Paris Seine, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Estefani Saint-Jour
- CNRS, UMR 8246, Neuroscience Paris Seine, F-75005 Paris, France
- INSERM, UMR-S 1130, Neuroscience Paris Seine, Institute of Biology Paris Seine, F-75005 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Université Paris 06, UM CR18, Neuroscience Paris Seine, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Paula Pousinha
- Université Côte d’Azur, Nice, France
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS UMR7275, Valbonne, France
| | - Sebastian P. Fernandez
- Université Côte d’Azur, Nice, France
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS UMR7275, Valbonne, France
| | - Anna Petitbon
- Université Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Nicolas Heck
- CNRS, UMR 8246, Neuroscience Paris Seine, F-75005 Paris, France
- INSERM, UMR-S 1130, Neuroscience Paris Seine, Institute of Biology Paris Seine, F-75005 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Université Paris 06, UM CR18, Neuroscience Paris Seine, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Vanesa Ortiz
- Université Côte d’Azur, Nice, France
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS UMR7275, Valbonne, France
| | - Marie-Charlotte Allichon
- CNRS, UMR 8246, Neuroscience Paris Seine, F-75005 Paris, France
- INSERM, UMR-S 1130, Neuroscience Paris Seine, Institute of Biology Paris Seine, F-75005 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Université Paris 06, UM CR18, Neuroscience Paris Seine, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Vincent Kappès
- CNRS, UMR 8246, Neuroscience Paris Seine, F-75005 Paris, France
- INSERM, UMR-S 1130, Neuroscience Paris Seine, Institute of Biology Paris Seine, F-75005 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Université Paris 06, UM CR18, Neuroscience Paris Seine, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Sandrine Betuing
- CNRS, UMR 8246, Neuroscience Paris Seine, F-75005 Paris, France
- INSERM, UMR-S 1130, Neuroscience Paris Seine, Institute of Biology Paris Seine, F-75005 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Université Paris 06, UM CR18, Neuroscience Paris Seine, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Roman Walle
- Université Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Ying Zhu
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Charlène Joséphine
- Commissariat à l’Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives (CEA), Département de la Recherche Fondamentale, Institut de biologie François Jacob, MIRCen, and CNRS UMR 9199, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Alexis-Pierre Bemelmans
- Commissariat à l’Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives (CEA), Département de la Recherche Fondamentale, Institut de biologie François Jacob, MIRCen, and CNRS UMR 9199, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Gustavo Turecki
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Naguib Mechawar
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jonathan A. Javitch
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Jocelyne Caboche
- CNRS, UMR 8246, Neuroscience Paris Seine, F-75005 Paris, France
- INSERM, UMR-S 1130, Neuroscience Paris Seine, Institute of Biology Paris Seine, F-75005 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Université Paris 06, UM CR18, Neuroscience Paris Seine, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Pierre Trifilieff
- Université Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Jacques Barik
- Université Côte d’Azur, Nice, France
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS UMR7275, Valbonne, France
| | - Peter Vanhoutte
- CNRS, UMR 8246, Neuroscience Paris Seine, F-75005 Paris, France
- INSERM, UMR-S 1130, Neuroscience Paris Seine, Institute of Biology Paris Seine, F-75005 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Université Paris 06, UM CR18, Neuroscience Paris Seine, F-75005 Paris, France
- Corresponding author.
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18
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The Current Consideration, Approach, and Management in Postcesarean Delivery Pain Control: A Narrative Review. Anesthesiol Res Pract 2021; 2021:2156918. [PMID: 34589125 PMCID: PMC8476264 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2156918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Optimal postoperative analgesia has a significant impact on patient recovery and outcomes after cesarean delivery. Multimodal analgesia is the core principle for cesarean delivery and pain management. For a standard analgesic regimen, the use of long-acting neuraxial opioids (e.g., morphine) and adjunct drugs, such as scheduled acetaminophen and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, is recommended unless contraindicated. Oral or intravenous opioids should be reserved for breakthrough pain. In addition to the aforementioned use of multimodal analgesia, preoperative evaluation is critical to individualize the analgesic regimen according to the patient requirements. Risk factors for severe postoperative pain or analgesia-related adverse effects will require modifications to the standard analgesic regimen (e.g., the use of ketamine, gabapentinoids, or regional anesthetic techniques). Further investigation is required to determine analgesic drugs or dose alterations based on preoperative predictions for patients at risk of severe pain. Outcomes beyond pain and analgesic use, such as functional recovery, should be determined to evaluate analgesic treatment protocols.
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19
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Abstract
Working memory (WM) is the ability to maintain and manipulate information in the conscious mind over a timescale of seconds. This ability is thought to be maintained through the persistent discharges of neurons in a network of brain areas centered on the prefrontal cortex, as evidenced by neurophysiological recordings in nonhuman primates, though both the localization and the neural basis of WM has been a matter of debate in recent years. Neural correlates of WM are evident in species other than primates, including rodents and corvids. A specialized network of excitatory and inhibitory neurons, aided by neuromodulatory influences of dopamine, is critical for the maintenance of neuronal activity. Limitations in WM capacity and duration, as well as its enhancement during development, can be attributed to properties of neural activity and circuits. Changes in these factors can be observed through training-induced improvements and in pathological impairments. WM thus provides a prototypical cognitive function whose properties can be tied to the spiking activity of brain neurons. © 2021 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 11:1-41, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russell J Jaffe
- Department of Neurobiology & Anatomy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Christos Constantinidis
- Department of Neurobiology & Anatomy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Neuroscience Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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20
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Sex Differences in Dopamine Receptors and Relevance to Neuropsychiatric Disorders. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11091199. [PMID: 34573220 PMCID: PMC8469878 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11091199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dopamine is an important neurotransmitter that plays a key role in neuropsychiatric illness. Sex differences in dopaminergic signaling have been acknowledged for decades and have been linked to sex-specific heterogeneity in both dopamine-related behaviours as well as in various neuropsychiatric disorders. However, the overall number of studies that have evaluated sex differences in dopamine signaling, both in health and in these disorders, is low. This review will bring together what is known regarding sex differences in innate dopamine receptor expression and function, as well as highlight the known sex-specific roles of dopamine in addiction, depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Due to differences in prognosis, diagnosis, and symptomatology between male and female subjects in disorders that involve dopamine signaling, or in responses that utilize pharmacological interventions that target dopamine receptors, understanding the fundamental sex differences in dopamine receptors is of vital importance for the personalization of therapeutic treatment strategies.
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21
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Petit-Pedrol M, Groc L. Regulation of membrane NMDA receptors by dynamics and protein interactions. J Cell Biol 2021; 220:211609. [PMID: 33337489 PMCID: PMC7754687 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202006101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding neurotransmitter system crosstalk in the brain is a major challenge in neurobiology. Several intracellular and genomic cascades have been identified in this crosstalk. However, the discovery that neurotransmitter receptors are highly diffusive in the plasma membrane of neurons, where they form heterocomplexes with other proteins, has profoundly changed our view of neurotransmitter signaling. Here, we review new insights into neurotransmitter crosstalk at the plasma membrane. We focus on the membrane organization and interactome of the ionotropic glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) that plays a central role in excitatory synaptic and network physiology and is involved in the etiology of several major neuropsychiatric disorders. The nanoscale organization and dynamics of NMDAR is a key regulatory process for glutamate synapse transmission, plasticity, and crosstalk with other neurotransmitter systems, such as the monoaminergic ones. The plasma membrane appears to be a prime regulatory compartment for spatial and temporal crosstalk between neurotransmitter systems in the healthy and diseased brain. Understanding the molecular mechanisms regulating membrane neurotransmitter receptor crosstalk will likely open research avenues for innovative therapeutical strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mar Petit-Pedrol
- Université de Bordeaux, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5297, Bordeaux, France
| | - Laurent Groc
- Université de Bordeaux, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5297, Bordeaux, France
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22
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Alexander L, Jelen LA, Mehta MA, Young AH. The anterior cingulate cortex as a key locus of ketamine's antidepressant action. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 127:531-554. [PMID: 33984391 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The subdivisions of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) - including subgenual, perigenual and dorsal zones - are implicated in the etiology, pathogenesis and treatment of major depression. We review an emerging body of evidence which suggests that changes in ACC activity are critically important in mediating the antidepressant effects of ketamine, the prototypical member of an emerging class of rapidly acting antidepressants. Infusions of ketamine induce acute (over minutes) and post-acute (over hours to days) modulations in subgenual and perigenual activity, and importantly, these changes can correlate with antidepressant efficacy. The subgenual and dorsal zones of the ACC have been specifically implicated in ketamine's anti-anhedonic effects. We emphasize the synergistic relationship between neuroimaging studies in humans and brain manipulations in animals to understand the causal relationship between changes in brain activity and therapeutic efficacy. We conclude with circuit-based perspectives on ketamine's action: first, related to ACC function in a central network mediating affective pain, and second, related to its role as the anterior node of the default mode network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laith Alexander
- Department of Psychological Medicine, School of Academic Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; St Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Luke A Jelen
- Department of Psychological Medicine, School of Academic Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mitul A Mehta
- Department of Psychological Medicine, School of Academic Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Allan H Young
- Department of Psychological Medicine, School of Academic Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
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23
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Chuang CY, Tsai SY, Chen SF, Yang YH, Chao CC, Yen NS, Liao RM. Neurobiological changes in striatal glutamate are associated with trait impulsivity of differential reinforcement of low-rate-response behavior in male rats. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2020; 177:107352. [PMID: 33253826 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2020.107352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Impulsive action can be measured using rat's responses on a differential reinforcement of low-rate-response (DRL) task in which performance may be varied between rats. Nevertheless, neurobiological profiles underlying the trait impulsivity of DRL behavior remain largely unknown. Here, in vivo non-invasive proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) and Western blot assay were performed to assess neurobiological changes in the dorsal striatum (DS) and nucleus accumbens (NAc) in relation to individual differences in DRL behavior. A cohort of rats was subjected to acquire a DRL task over 14 daily sessions. High impulsive (HI) and low impulsive (LI) rats were screened by behavioral measures displaying a lower response efficiency and performing more nonreinforced responses in HI rats and vice versa. MRS measurements indicated that the HI group had a lower NAc glutamate (Glu) level than did the LI group, whereas no such difference was found in the other five metabolites in this area. Moreover, no intergroup difference was observed in any metabolite in the DS. The results of Western blot assay revealed that protein expressions of GluN1 (but not GluN2B) subunit of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors in the DS and NAc were higher in the HI group than in the LI group. This inherent timing impulsivity was not attributed to risky behavioral propensity because both Hl and LI rats could acquire a risk-dependent choice. The findings of this study, supported by certain correlations among behavioral, brain imaging, and neuroreceptor indices, provide evidence of the neurobiological changes of striatal Glu underlying trait impulsive action of DRL behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuen-Yu Chuang
- Department of Psychology, National Cheng-Chi University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Neuroscience, National Cheng-Chi University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Yueh Tsai
- Research Center for Mind, Brain and Learning, National Cheng-Chi University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Applied Physics, National Cheng-Chi University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shuo-Fu Chen
- Department of Psychology, National Cheng-Chi University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Neuroscience, National Cheng-Chi University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hua Yang
- Department of Psychology, National Cheng-Chi University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Neuroscience, National Cheng-Chi University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chang Chao
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Cheng-Chi University, Taipei, Taiwan; Research Center for Mind, Brain and Learning, National Cheng-Chi University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nai-Shing Yen
- Department of Psychology, National Cheng-Chi University, Taipei, Taiwan; Research Center for Mind, Brain and Learning, National Cheng-Chi University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ruey-Ming Liao
- Department of Psychology, National Cheng-Chi University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Neuroscience, National Cheng-Chi University, Taipei, Taiwan; Research Center for Mind, Brain and Learning, National Cheng-Chi University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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24
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Montes de Oca Balderas P, Matus Núñez M, Picones A, Hernández-Cruz A. NMDAR in cultured astrocytes: Flux-independent pH sensor and flux-dependent regulator of mitochondria and plasma membrane-mitochondria bridging. FASEB J 2020; 34:16622-16644. [PMID: 33131132 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001300r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor (NMDAR) is critical for neurotransmission as a Ca2+ channel. Nonetheless, flux-independent signaling has also been demonstrated. Astrocytes express NMDAR distinct from its neuronal counterpart, but cultured astrocytes have no electrophysiological response to NMDA. We recently demonstrated that in cultured astrocytes, NMDA at pH6 (NMDA/pH6) acting through the NMDAR elicits flux-independent Ca2+ release from the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) and depletes mitochondrial membrane potential (mΔΨ). Here we show that Ca2+ release is due to pH6 sensing by NMDAR, whereas mΔΨ depletion requires both: pH6 and flux-dependent NMDAR signaling. Plasma membrane (PM) NMDAR guard a non-random distribution relative to the ER and mitochondria. Also, NMDA/pH6 induces ER stress, endocytosis, PM electrical capacitance reduction, mitochondria-ER, and -nuclear contacts. Strikingly, it also produces the formation of PM invaginations near mitochondria along with structures referred to here as PM-mitochondrial bridges (PM-m-br). These and earlier data strongly suggest PM-mitochondria communication. As proof of the concept of mass transfer, we found that NMDA/pH6 provoked mitochondria labeling by the PM dye FM-4-64FX. NMDA/pH6 caused PM depolarization, cell acidification, and Ca2+ release from most mitochondria. Finally, the MCU and microtubules were not involved in mΔΨ depletion, while actin cytoskeleton was partially involved. These findings demonstrate that NMDAR has concomitant flux-independent and flux-dependent actions in cultured astrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Montes de Oca Balderas
- Unidad de Neurobiología Dinámica, Department of Neurochemistry, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, México City, México.,Laboratorio Nacional de Canalopatías, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, México
| | - Mauricio Matus Núñez
- Laboratorio Nacional de Canalopatías, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, México
| | - Arturo Picones
- Laboratorio Nacional de Canalopatías, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, México
| | - Arturo Hernández-Cruz
- Laboratorio Nacional de Canalopatías, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, México
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25
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Ketamine disrupted storage but not retrieval of information in male rats and apomorphine counteracted its impairing effect. Neurosci Lett 2020; 737:135321. [PMID: 32846219 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.135321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Ketamine, a non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist, has been reported to mimic the cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia in animals. It has been reported to produce learning and memory deficits in rodents. However, there have limited number of reports that investigated the specific components of memory process that are affected with ketamine. In the present study, we investigated the effects of ketamine [8 and 20 mg/kg, intraperitoneally, (i.p.)] on storage and retrieval of information in rats using an object recognition test. We examined also whether a low dose range of the D1/D2 dopamine receptor agonist apomorphine (0.05 and 0.1 mg/kg, i.p.) would counteract the effects of ketamine. The results show that ketamine dose-dependently impaired storage of information while it did not affect rats' retrieval abilities. Administration of apomorphine reversed the ketamine-induced performance deficits in the ORT. The current findings show a differential modulation of post-training memory components (storage and retrieval of information) by ketamine and suggest a functional interaction between dopamine and NMDA receptors in the control of memory storage which may be of relevance to cognitive deficits a core feature of schizophrenia.
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Stępnicki P, Kondej M, Koszła O, Żuk J, Kaczor AA. Multi-targeted drug design strategies for the treatment of schizophrenia. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2020; 16:101-114. [PMID: 32915109 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2020.1816962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Schizophrenia is a complex psychiatric disease (or a conglomeration of disorders) manifesting with positive, negative and cognitive symptoms. The pathophysiology of schizophrenia is not completely known; however, it involves many neurotransmitters and their receptors. In order to treat schizophrenia, drugs need to be multi-target drugs. Indeed, the action of second and third generation antipsychotics involves interactions with many receptors, belonging mainly to aminergic GPCRs. AREAS COVERED In this review, the authors summarize current concepts of schizophrenia with the emphasis on the modern dopaminergic, serotoninergic, and glutamatergic hypotheses. Next, they discuss treatments of the disease, stressing multi-target antipsychotics. They cover different aspects of design of multi-target ligands, including the application of molecular modeling approaches for the design and benefits and limitations of multifunctional compounds. Finally, they present successful case studies of multi-target drug design against schizophrenia. EXPERT OPINION Treatment of schizophrenia requires the application of multi-target drugs. While designing single target drugs is relatively easy, designing multifunctional compounds is a challenge due to the necessity to balance the affinity to many targets, while avoiding promiscuity and the problems with drug-likeness. Multi-target drugs bring many benefits: better efficiency, fewer adverse effects, and drug-drug interactions and better patient compliance to drug regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Stępnicki
- Department of Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances with Computer Modeling Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin , Lublin, Poland
| | - Magda Kondej
- Department of Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances with Computer Modeling Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin , Lublin, Poland
| | - Oliwia Koszła
- Department of Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances with Computer Modeling Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin , Lublin, Poland
| | - Justyna Żuk
- Department of Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances with Computer Modeling Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin , Lublin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka A Kaczor
- Department of Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances with Computer Modeling Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin , Lublin, Poland.,School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland , Kuopio, Finland
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27
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Whalen TC, Willard AM, Rubin JE, Gittis AH. Delta oscillations are a robust biomarker of dopamine depletion severity and motor dysfunction in awake mice. J Neurophysiol 2020; 124:312-329. [PMID: 32579421 PMCID: PMC7500379 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00158.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Delta oscillations (0.5-4 Hz) are a robust feature of basal ganglia pathophysiology in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) in relationship to tremor, but their relationship to other parkinsonian symptoms has not been investigated. While delta oscillations have been observed in mouse models of PD, they have only been investigated in anesthetized animals, suggesting that the oscillations may be an anesthesia artifact and limiting the ability to relate them to motor symptoms. Here, we establish a novel approach to detect spike oscillations embedded in noise to provide the first study of delta oscillations in awake, dopamine-depleted mice. We find that approximately half of neurons in the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) exhibit delta oscillations in dopamine depletion and that these oscillations are a strong indicator of dopamine loss and akinesia, outperforming measures such as changes in firing rate, irregularity, bursting, and synchrony. These oscillations are typically weakened, but not ablated, during movement. We further establish that these oscillations are caused by the loss of D2-receptor activation and do not originate from motor cortex, contrary to previous findings in anesthetized animals. Instead, SNr oscillations precede those in M1 at a 100- to 300-ms lag, and these neurons' relationship to M1 oscillations can be used as the basis for a novel classification of SNr into two subpopulations. These results give insight into how dopamine loss leads to motor dysfunction and suggest a reappraisal of delta oscillations as a marker of akinetic symptoms in PD.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This work introduces a novel method to detect spike oscillations amidst neural noise. Using this method, we demonstrate that delta oscillations in the basal ganglia are a defining feature of awake, dopamine-depleted mice and are strongly correlated with dopamine loss and parkinsonian motor symptoms. These oscillations arise from a loss of D2-receptor activation and do not require motor cortex. Similar oscillations in human patients may be an underappreciated marker and target for Parkinson's disease (PD) treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy C Whalen
- Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Neuroscience Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Amanda M Willard
- Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Neuroscience Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Biology and Geosciences, Clarion University, Clarion, Pennsylvania
| | - Jonathan E Rubin
- Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Mathematics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Aryn H Gittis
- Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Neuroscience Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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28
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Carceles‐Cordon M, Mannara F, Aguilar E, Castellanos A, Planagumà J, Dalmau J. NMDAR
Antibodies Alter Dopamine Receptors and Cause Psychotic Behavior in Mice. Ann Neurol 2020; 88:603-613. [DOI: 10.1002/ana.25829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marc Carceles‐Cordon
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Francesco Mannara
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Esther Aguilar
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Aida Castellanos
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Jesús Planagumà
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Josep Dalmau
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA) Barcelona Spain
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29
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Brem AK, Di Iorio R, Fried PJ, Oliveira-Maia AJ, Marra C, Profice P, Quaranta D, Schilberg L, Atkinson NJ, Seligson EE, Rossini PM, Pascual-Leone A. Corticomotor Plasticity Predicts Clinical Efficacy of Combined Neuromodulation and Cognitive Training in Alzheimer's Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:200. [PMID: 32733232 PMCID: PMC7360860 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.00200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) combined with cognitive training for treatment of cognitive symptoms in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). A secondary objective was to analyze associations between brain plasticity and cognitive effects of treatment. METHODS In this randomized, sham-controlled, multicenter clinical trial, 34 patients with AD were assigned to three experimental groups receiving 30 daily sessions of combinatory intervention. Participants in the real/real group (n = 16) received 10 Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) delivered separately to each of six cortical regions, interleaved with computerized cognitive training. Participants in the sham rTMS group (n = 18) received sham rTMS combined with either real (sham/real group, n = 10) or sham (sham/sham group, n = 8) cognitive training. Effects of treatment on neuropsychological (primary outcome) and neurophysiological function were compared between the 3 treatment groups. These, as well as imaging measures of brain atrophy, were compared at baseline to 14 healthy controls (HC). RESULTS At baseline, patients with AD had worse cognition, cerebral atrophy, and TMS measures of cortico-motor reactivity, excitability, and plasticity than HC. The real/real group showed significant cognitive improvement compared to the sham/sham, but not the real/sham group. TMS-induced plasticity at baseline was predictive of post-intervention changes in cognition, and was modified across treatment, in association with changes of cognition. INTERPRETATION Combined rTMS and cognitive training may improve the cognitive status of AD patients, with TMS-induced cortical plasticity at baseline serving as predictor of therapeutic outcome for this intervention, and potential mechanism of action. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT01504958.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Katharine Brem
- Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, Division of Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Riccardo Di Iorio
- Department of Geriatrics, Neurosciences and Orthopaedics, Polyclinic A. Gemelli Foundation-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Peter J. Fried
- Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, Division of Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Albino J. Oliveira-Maia
- Champalimaud Research and Clinical Centre, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, Lisbon, Portugal
- NOVA Medical School – Faculdade de Ciências Médicas de Lisboa, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Camillo Marra
- Department of Geriatrics, Neurosciences and Orthopaedics, Polyclinic A. Gemelli Foundation-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Profice
- Department of Geriatrics, Neurosciences and Orthopaedics, Polyclinic A. Gemelli Foundation-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Davide Quaranta
- Department of Geriatrics, Neurosciences and Orthopaedics, Polyclinic A. Gemelli Foundation-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Lukas Schilberg
- Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, Division of Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Natasha J. Atkinson
- Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, Division of Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Erica E. Seligson
- Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, Division of Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Paolo Maria Rossini
- Department of Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS San Raffaele, Rome, Italy
| | - Alvaro Pascual-Leone
- Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research and Center for Memory Health, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Guttmann Brain Health Institut, Institut Guttmann, Universitat Autonoma Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Di Palma M, Sartini S, Lattanzi D, Cuppini R, Pita-Rodriguez M, Diaz-Carmenate Y, Narvaez M, Fuxe K, Borroto-Escuela DO, Ambrogini P. Evidence for the existence of A2AR-TrkB heteroreceptor complexes in the dorsal hippocampus of the rat brain: Potential implications of A2AR and TrkB interplay upon ageing. Mech Ageing Dev 2020; 190:111289. [PMID: 32565059 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2020.111289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine A2A receptors (A2AR) are crucial in facilitating the BDNF action on synaptic transmission in the rat hippocampus primarily upon ageing. Furthermore, it has been suggested that A2AR-Tropomyosin related kinase B receptor (TrkB) crosstalk has a pivotal role in adenosine A2AR-mediated modulation of the BDNF action on hippocampal plasticity. Considering the impact of the above receptors interplay on what concerns BDNF-induced enhancement of synaptic transmission, gaining a better insight into the mechanisms behind this powerful crosstalk becomes of primary interest. Using in situ proximity ligation assay (PLA), the existence of a direct physical interaction between adenosine A2AR and TrkB is demonstrated. The A2AR-TrkB heteroreceptor complexes show a heterogeneous distribution within the rat dorsal hippocampus. High densities of the heteroreceptor complexes were observed in the pyramidal cell layers of CA1-CA3 regions and in the polymorphic layer of the dentate gyrus (DG). The stratum radiatum of the CA1-3 regions showed positive PLA signal in contrast to the oriens region. The molecular and granular layers of the DG also lacked significant densities of PLA positive heteroreceptor complexes, but subgranular zone showed some PLA positive cells. Their allosteric receptor-receptor interactions may significantly modulate BDNF signaling impacting on hippocampal plasticity which is impaired upon ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Di Palma
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Stefano Sartini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Davide Lattanzi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Riccardo Cuppini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Mariana Pita-Rodriguez
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Universidad de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Málaga, Spain; Departamento de Diagnóstico Molecular, Centro de Neurociencias de Cuba, La Habana, Cuba
| | | | - Manuel Narvaez
- Universidad de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Kjell Fuxe
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dasiel O Borroto-Escuela
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Patrizia Ambrogini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
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31
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Salery M, Trifilieff P, Caboche J, Vanhoutte P. From Signaling Molecules to Circuits and Behaviors: Cell-Type-Specific Adaptations to Psychostimulant Exposure in the Striatum. Biol Psychiatry 2020; 87:944-953. [PMID: 31928716 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Addiction is characterized by a compulsive pattern of drug seeking and consumption and a high risk of relapse after withdrawal that are thought to result from persistent adaptations within brain reward circuits. Drugs of abuse increase dopamine (DA) concentration in these brain areas, including the striatum, which shapes an abnormal memory trace of drug consumption that virtually highjacks reward processing. Long-term neuronal adaptations of gamma-aminobutyric acidergic striatal projection neurons (SPNs) evoked by drugs of abuse are critical for the development of addiction. These neurons form two mostly segregated populations, depending on the DA receptor they express and their output projections, constituting the so-called direct (D1 receptor) and indirect (D2 receptor) SPN pathways. Both SPN subtypes receive converging glutamate inputs from limbic and cortical regions, encoding contextual and emotional information, together with DA, which mediates reward prediction and incentive values. DA differentially modulates the efficacy of glutamate synapses onto direct and indirect SPN pathways by recruiting distinct striatal signaling pathways, epigenetic and genetic responses likely involved in the transition from casual drug use to addiction. Herein we focus on recent studies that have assessed psychostimulant-induced alterations in a cell-type-specific manner, from remodeling of input projections to the characterization of specific molecular events in each SPN subtype and their impact on long-lasting behavioral adaptations. We discuss recent evidence revealing the complex and concerted action of both SPN populations on drug-induced behavioral responses, as these studies can contribute to the design of future strategies to alleviate specific behavioral components of addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Salery
- Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Pierre Trifilieff
- NutriNeuro, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1286, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Bordeaux Institut Polytechnique, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Jocelyne Caboche
- Neuroscience Paris Seine, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Sorbonne Université, Faculty of Sciences, Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR8246, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1130, Paris France.
| | - Peter Vanhoutte
- Neuroscience Paris Seine, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Sorbonne Université, Faculty of Sciences, Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR8246, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1130, Paris France
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32
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McKendrick G, Garrett H, Jones HE, McDevitt DS, Sharma S, Silberman Y, Graziane NM. Ketamine Blocks Morphine-Induced Conditioned Place Preference and Anxiety-Like Behaviors in Mice. Front Behav Neurosci 2020; 14:75. [PMID: 32508606 PMCID: PMC7253643 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2020.00075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients suffering from opioid use disorder often relapse during periods of abstinence, which is posited to be caused by negative affective states that drive motivated behaviors. Here, we explored whether conditioning mice with morphine in a conditioned place preference (CPP) training paradigm evoked anxiety-like behavior during morphine abstinence. To do this, mice were conditioned with morphine (10 mg/kg, i.p.) for 5 days. Twenty-four hours following conditioning, anxiety levels were tested by measuring time in the open arms of the elevated plus-maze. The next day, mice were placed in the three-compartment chamber to measure morphine-induced CPP. Our results show that following morphine conditioning, mice spent significantly less time in the open arm of the elevated plus-maze and expressed robust morphine CPP on CPP test day. Furthermore, we found that an acute treatment with (R,S)-ketamine (10 mg/kg, i.p.), a medication demonstrating promise for preventing anxiety-related phenotypes, 30 min before testing on post-conditioning day 1, increased time spent in the open arm of the elevated plus-maze in saline- and morphine-conditioned mice. Additionally, we found that the second injection of ketamine 30 min before CPP tests on post-conditioning day 2 prevented morphine-induced CPP, which lasted for up to 28 days post-conditioning. Furthermore, we found that conditioning mice with 10% (w/v) sucrose using an oral self-administration procedure did not evoke anxiety-like behavior, but elicited robust CPP, which was attenuated by ketamine treatment 30 min before CPP tests. Overall, our results suggest that the ketamine-induced block of morphine CPP may not be attributed solely to alleviating negative affective states, but potentially through impaired memory of morphine-context associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greer McKendrick
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States.,Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Hannah Garrett
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Holly E Jones
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States.,Summer Undergraduate Research Internship Program, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Dillon S McDevitt
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States.,Summer Undergraduate Research Internship Program, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Sonakshi Sharma
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Yuval Silberman
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Nicholas M Graziane
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine and Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
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Waters S, Tedroff J, Ponten H, Klamer D, Sonesson C, Waters N. Pridopidine: Overview of Pharmacology and Rationale for its Use in Huntington's Disease. J Huntingtons Dis 2019; 7:1-16. [PMID: 29480206 PMCID: PMC5836399 DOI: 10.3233/jhd-170267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite advances in understanding the pathophysiology of Huntington’s disease (HD), there are currently no effective pharmacological agents available to treat core symptoms or to stop or prevent the progression of this hereditary neurodegenerative disorder. Pridopidine, a novel small molecule compound, has demonstrated potential for both symptomatic treatment and disease modifying effects in HD. While pridopidine failed to achieve its primary efficacy outcomes (Modified motor score) in two trials (MermaiHD and HART) there were consistent effects on secondary outcomes (TMS). In the most recent study (PrideHD) pridiopidine did not differ from placebo on TMS, possibly due to a large enduring placebo effect. This review describes the process, based on in vivo systems response profiling, by which pridopidine was discovered and discusses its pharmacological profile, aiming to provide a model for the system-level effects, and a rationale for the use of pridopidine in patients affected by HD. Considering the effects on brain neurochemistry, gene expression and behaviour in vivo, pridopidine displays a unique effect profile. A hallmark feature in the behavioural pharmacology of pridopidine is its state-dependent inhibition or activation of dopamine-dependent psychomotor functions. Such effects are paralleled by strengthening of synaptic connectivity in cortico-striatal pathways suggesting pridopidine has potential to modify phenotypic expression as well as progression of HD. The preclinical pharmacological profile is discussed with respect to the clinical results for pridopidine, and proposals are made for further investigation, including preclinical and clinical studies addressing disease progression and effects at different stages of HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Waters
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Integrative Research Laboratories AB, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Joakim Tedroff
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Integrative Research Laboratories AB, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Henrik Ponten
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Daniel Klamer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Clas Sonesson
- Integrative Research Laboratories AB, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Perez de la Mora M, Hernandez-Mondragon C, Crespo-Ramirez M, Rejon-Orantes J, Borroto-Escuela DO, Fuxe K. Conventional and Novel Pharmacological Approaches to Treat Dopamine-Related Disorders: Focus on Parkinson's Disease and Schizophrenia. Neuroscience 2019; 439:301-318. [PMID: 31349007 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The dopaminergic system integrated by cell groups distributed in several brain regions exerts a modulatory role in brain. Particularly important for this task are the mesencephalic dopamine neurons, which from the substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area project to the dorsal striatum and the cortical/subcortical limbic systems, respectively. Dopamine released from these neurons operates mainly via the short distance extrasynaptic volume transmission and activates five different dopaminergic receptor subtypes modulating synaptic GABA and glutamate transmission. To accomplish this task dopaminergic neurons keep mutual modulating interactions with neurons of other neurotransmitter systems, including allosteric receptor-receptor interactions in heteroreceptor complexes. As a result of its modulatory role dopaminergic mechanisms are involved in either the etiology or physiopathology of many brain diseases such as Parkinsońs disease and schizophrenia. The aim of this work is to review some novel and conventional approaches that either have been used or are currently employed to treat these diseases. Particular attention is paid to the approaches derived from the knowledge recently acquired in the realm of receptor-receptor interactions taking place through multiple dopamine heteroreceptor complexes in the plasma membrane. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Honoring Ricardo Miledi - outstanding neuroscientist of XX-XXI centuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Perez de la Mora
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | | | - Minerva Crespo-Ramirez
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Rejon-Orantes
- Pharmacobiology Experimental laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas
| | | | - Kjell Fuxe
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Modulation and functions of dopamine receptor heteromers in drugs of abuse-induced adaptations. Neuropharmacology 2019; 152:42-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Bates MLS, Trujillo KA. Long-lasting effects of repeated ketamine administration in adult and adolescent rats. Behav Brain Res 2019; 369:111928. [PMID: 31034850 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.111928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Initiation of ketamine use often occurs in adolescence, yet little is known about long-term consequences when use begins in this developmental period. The current experiments were designed to examine the effects of repeated exposure to ketamine in adolescence on behavior in adulthood. We examined locomotor activity, as well as cognitive function, in animals that received repeated administration of ketamine. Groups of adolescent and adult male rats were treated with ketamine (25 mg/kg) once daily for 10 days. Locomotor activity was assessed following the first injection, following 10 days of injection, and following 20 days of abstinence. Acute locomotor effects and locomotor sensitization were compared in adolescents and adults; cross-sensitization to dextromethorphan, another dissociative with abusive potential, was also examined. In a separate group of animals cognitive deficits were assessed following the 20 day abstinence period in spatial learning and novel object recognition tasks. The locomotor stimulant effect of ketamine was much greater in adolescents than adults. Animals that were repeatedly administered ketamine demonstrated locomotor sensitization immediately after the final injection. However, sensitization only persisted after the abstinence period in animals treated as adults. No cross-sensitization to dextromethorphan was evident. Ketamine failed to produce statistically significant cognitive deficits in either age group, although drug-treated adults showed a trend towards deficits in spatial learning. Repeated use of ketamine produces long-lasting neuroadaptations that may contribute to addiction. Mild lasting memory deficits may occur in adults, although further work is necessary to confirm these findings. The results extend the understanding of potential long-term consequences of ketamine use in adolescents and adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Shawn Bates
- Department of Psychology and Office for Training, Research and Education in the Sciences (OTRES), California State University, San Marcos, 333 S. Twin Oaks Valley Rd, San Marcos, CA 92096, USA.
| | - Keith A Trujillo
- Department of Psychology and Office for Training, Research and Education in the Sciences (OTRES), California State University, San Marcos, 333 S. Twin Oaks Valley Rd, San Marcos, CA 92096, USA.
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Brem AK, Sensi SL. Towards Combinatorial Approaches for Preserving Cognitive Fitness in Aging. Trends Neurosci 2018; 41:885-897. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Montes de Oca Balderas P. Flux-Independent NMDAR Signaling: Molecular Mediators, Cellular Functions, and Complexities. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19123800. [PMID: 30501045 PMCID: PMC6321296 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The glutamate (Glu) N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor (NMDAR) plays a critical role in synaptic communication given mainly by its ionotropic function that permeates Ca2+. This in turn activates calmodulin that triggers CaMKII, MAPK, CREB, and PI3K pathways, among others. However, NMDAR signaling is more complex. In the last two decades several groups have shown that the NMDAR also elicits flux-independent signaling (f-iNMDARs). It has been demonstrated that agonist (Glu or NMDA) or co-agonist (Glycine or d-Serine) bindings initiate intracellular events, including conformational changes, exchange of molecular interactions, release of second messengers, and signal transduction, that result in different cellular events including endocytosis, LTD, cell death, and neuroprotection, among others. Interestingly, f-iNMDARs has also been observed in pathological conditions and non-neuronal cells. Here, the molecular and cellular events elicited by these flux-independent actions (non-canonical or metabotropic-like) of the NMDAR are reviewed. Considering the NMDAR complexity, it is possible that these flux-independent events have a more relevant role in intracellular signaling that has been disregarded for decades. Moreover, considering the wide expression and function of the NMDAR in non-neuronal cells and other tissues beyond the nervous system and some evolutionary traits, f-iNMDARs calls for a reconsideration of how we understand the biology of this complex receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Montes de Oca Balderas
- Departamento de Neurociencia Cognitiva, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, UNAM. Av. Universidad 3000, C.U. Coyoacán, Ciudad de México. C.P. 04510, Mexico.
- Unidad de Neurobiología Dinámica, Departamento de Neuroquímica, INNN. Av. Insurgentes Sur #3877 Col. La Fama, Ciudad de México. C.P. 14269, Mexico.
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Modulation of CaMKIIa-GluN2B interaction in levodopa-induced dyskinesia in 6-OHDA-lesioned Parkinson's rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 107:769-776. [PMID: 30142538 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.08.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term treatment with L-dopa leads to involuntary aimless movements called L-dopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) has hindered its use in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. Emerging evidence suggests a possible role of CaMKIIa and its interacting partners in the development of LID. In this study, we found that CaMKIIa was found to form complexes with GluN2B after chronic administration of L-dopa in adult rat striatal neurons. Intrastriatal injection of KN-93 significantly reduced the level of GluN2B in CaMKIIa precipitates with a dose dependent response, as well as reduced the Global ALO AIM score without ablation of the therapeutic response to L-dopa. In parallel, intrastriatal injection of MK-801 significantly alleviated the level of CaMKIIa in GluN2B precipitates compared to LID group (p < 0.01), and this is accompanied by realizing improvement of the Global ALO AIM score also without affect the efficacy of L-dopa. In summary, the present study indicated that CaMKIIa-GluN2B interaction had an important role in the development of LID. Disrupt of this link by intrastriatal infusion of KN-93 or MK-801 ameliorated dyskinesia in 6-OHDA-lesioned PD rats.
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Borroto-Escuela DO, Perez De La Mora M, Manger P, Narváez M, Beggiato S, Crespo-Ramírez M, Navarro G, Wydra K, Díaz-Cabiale Z, Rivera A, Ferraro L, Tanganelli S, Filip M, Franco R, Fuxe K. Brain Dopamine Transmission in Health and Parkinson's Disease: Modulation of Synaptic Transmission and Plasticity Through Volume Transmission and Dopamine Heteroreceptors. Front Synaptic Neurosci 2018; 10:20. [PMID: 30042672 PMCID: PMC6048293 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2018.00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This perspective article provides observations supporting the view that nigro-striatal dopamine neurons and meso-limbic dopamine neurons mainly communicate through short distance volume transmission in the um range with dopamine diffusing into extrasynaptic and synaptic regions of glutamate and GABA synapses. Based on this communication it is discussed how volume transmission modulates synaptic glutamate transmission onto the D1R modulated direct and D2R modulated indirect GABA pathways of the dorsal striatum. Each nigro-striatal dopamine neuron was first calculated to form large numbers of neostriatal DA nerve terminals and then found to give rise to dense axonal arborizations spread over the neostriatum, from which dopamine is released. These neurons can through DA volume transmission directly influence not only the striatal GABA projection neurons but all the striatal cell types in parallel. It includes the GABA nerve cells forming the island-/striosome GABA pathway to the nigral dopamine cells, the striatal cholinergic interneurons and the striatal GABA interneurons. The dopamine modulation of the different striatal nerve cell types involves the five dopamine receptor subtypes, D1R to D5R receptors, and their formation of multiple extrasynaptic and synaptic dopamine homo and heteroreceptor complexes. These features of the nigro-striatal dopamine neuron to modulate in parallel the activity of practically all the striatal nerve cell types in the dorsal striatum, through the dopamine receptor complexes allows us to understand its unique and crucial fine-tuning of movements, which is lost in Parkinson's disease. Integration of striatal dopamine signals with other transmitter systems in the striatum mainly takes place via the receptor-receptor interactions in dopamine heteroreceptor complexes. Such molecular events also participate in the integration of volume transmission and synaptic transmission. Dopamine modulation of the glutamate synapses on the dorsal striato-pallidal GABA pathway involves D2R heteroreceptor complexes such as D2R-NMDAR, A2AR-D2R, and NTSR1-D2R heteroreceptor complexes. The dopamine modulation of glutamate synapses on the striato-entopeduncular/nigral pathway takes place mainly via D1R heteroreceptor complexes such as D1R-NMDAR, A2R-D1R, and D1R-D3R heteroreceptor complexes. Dopamine modulation of the island/striosome compartment of the dorsal striatum projecting to the nigral dopamine cells involve D4R-MOR heteroreceptor complexes. All these receptor-receptor interactions have relevance for Parkinson's disease and its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dasiel O. Borroto-Escuela
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Section of Physiology, Department of Biomolecular Science, University of Urbino, Urbino, Italy
- Observatorio Cubano de Neurociencias, Grupo Bohío-Estudio, Yaguajay, Cuba
| | - Miguel Perez De La Mora
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Paul Manger
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Anatomical Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Manuel Narváez
- Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Sarah Beggiato
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Minerva Crespo-Ramírez
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gemma Navarro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Karolina Wydra
- Laboratory of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Zaida Díaz-Cabiale
- Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Alicia Rivera
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Luca Ferraro
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Sergio Tanganelli
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology (SVEB), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Małgorzata Filip
- Laboratory of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Rafael Franco
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CiberNed: Centro de Investigación en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Kjell Fuxe
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Gower A, Tiberi M. The Intersection of Central Dopamine System and Stroke: Potential Avenues Aiming at Enhancement of Motor Recovery. Front Synaptic Neurosci 2018; 10:18. [PMID: 30034335 PMCID: PMC6043669 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2018.00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dopamine, a major neurotransmitter, plays a role in a wide range of brain sensorimotor functions. Parkinson's disease and schizophrenia are two major human neuropsychiatric disorders typically associated with dysfunctional dopamine activity levels, which can be alleviated through the druggability of the dopaminergic systems. Meanwhile, several studies suggest that optimal brain dopamine activity levels are also significantly impacted in other serious neurological conditions, notably stroke, but this has yet to be fully appreciated at both basic and clinical research levels. This is of utmost importance as there is a need for better treatments to improve recovery from stroke. Here, we discuss the state of knowledge regarding the modulation of dopaminergic systems following stroke, and the use of dopamine boosting therapies in animal stroke models to improve stroke recovery. Indeed, studies in animals and humans show stroke leads to changes in dopamine functioning. Moreover, evidence from animal stroke models suggests stimulation of dopamine receptors may be a promising therapeutic approach for enhancing motor recovery from stroke. With respect to the latter, we discuss the evidence for several possible receptor-linked mechanisms by which improved motor recovery may be mediated. One avenue of particular promise is the subtype-selective stimulation of dopamine receptors in conjunction with physical therapy. However, results from clinical trials so far have been more mixed due to a number of potential reasons including, targeting of the wrong patient populations and use of drugs which modulate a wide array of receptors. Notwithstanding these issues, it is hoped that future research endeavors will assist in the development of more refined dopaminergic therapeutic approaches to enhance stroke recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette Gower
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (Neuroscience Program), Ottawa, ON, Canada.,University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Departments of Medicine, Cellular and Molecular Medicine, and Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Mario Tiberi
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (Neuroscience Program), Ottawa, ON, Canada.,University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Departments of Medicine, Cellular and Molecular Medicine, and Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Wang LJ, Chen CK, Lin SK, Chen YC, Xu K, Huang MC. Cognitive profile of ketamine-dependent patients compared with methamphetamine-dependent patients and healthy controls. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2018; 235:2113-2121. [PMID: 29713787 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-018-4910-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ketamine has emerged as a major substance of abuse worldwide and has been listed with methamphetamine (METH) as two of the most widely available illicit substances in Taiwan. Only a few studies have examined the long-term consequences of chronic and heavy ketamine abuse. We compared the cognitive function of ketamine-dependent patients with that of METH-dependent patients and healthy controls. METHODS We recruited 165 participants (58 ketamine-dependent and 49 METH-dependent patients who sought treatment and 58 healthy controls) and evaluated them by using a cognitive test battery, the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia, with scores being estimated in reference to normative data in general population. RESULTS The ketamine-dependent patients had significantly poorer performance than did the controls in many cognitive tests, including verbal memory, motor speed, verbal fluency, and attention and processing speed, and the battery as a whole. METH-dependent patients exhibited poorer function in motor speed, verbal fluency, and attention and processing speed. The ketamine group performed poorer than did METH group in the domains of verbal memory, working memory, and attention and processing speed and the composite battery scores. A previous experience of ketamine-induced psychotomimetic symptoms, using higher doses of ketamine, and longer abstinence appeared to be associated with performance in some tests; however, the significance disappeared after multiple comparison correction. CONCLUSIONS The ketamine-dependent patients had impaired cognitive function, and METH-dependent patients exhibited intermediate performance between ketamine-dependent patients and healthy controls. Given the growing population of ketamine abusers, public education on the cognitive consequences should be provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Jen Wang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ken Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan.,Chang Gung University School of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ku Lin
- Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 309, Song-De Road, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chih Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan.,Chang Gung University School of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Heaven, CT, USA
| | - Ming-Chyi Huang
- Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 309, Song-De Road, Taipei, Taiwan.
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What does the Fos say? Using Fos-based approaches to understand the contribution of stress to substance use disorders. Neurobiol Stress 2018; 9:271-285. [PMID: 30450391 PMCID: PMC6234265 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite extensive research efforts, drug addiction persists as a largely unmet medical need. Perhaps the biggest challenge for treating addiction is the high rate of recidivism. While many factors can promote relapse in abstinent drug users, the contribution of stress is particularly problematic, as stress is uncontrollable and pervasive in the lives of those struggling with addiction. Thus, understanding the neurocircuitry that underlies the influence of stress on drug seeking is critical for guiding treatment. Preclinical research aimed at defining this neurocircuitry has, in part, relied upon the use of experimental approaches that allow visualization of cellular and circuit activity that corresponds to stressor-induced drug seeking in rodent relapse models. Much of what we have learned about the mechanisms that mediate stressor-induced relapse has been informed by studies that have used the expression of the immediate early gene, cfos, or its protein product, Fos, as post-mortem activity markers. In this review we provide an overview of the rodent models used to study stressor-induced relapse and briefly summarize what is known about the underlying neurocircuitry before describing the use of cfos/Fos-based approaches. In addition to reviewing findings obtained using this approach, its advantages and limitations are considered. Moreover, new techniques that leverage the expression profile of cfos to tag and manipulate cells based on their activity patterns are discussed. The intent of the review is to guide the interpretation of old and design of new studies that utilize cfos/Fos-based strategies to study the neurocircuitry that contributes to stress-related drug use.
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Are dopamine receptor and transporter changes in Rett syndrome reflected in Mecp2-deficient mice? Exp Neurol 2018; 307:74-81. [PMID: 29782864 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2018.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We tested the claim that the dopaminergic dysfunction of Rett Syndrome (RTT) also occurs in Mecp2-deficient mice that serve as a model of the syndrome. We used positron emission tomography (PET) to image dopamine D2 receptors (D2R) and transporters (DAT) in women with RTT and in Mecp2-deficient mice, and D1R and D2R density was measured in postmortem human tissue by autoradiography. Results showed 1) significantly reduced D2R density in the striatum of women with RTT compared to control subjects. 2) PET imaging of mouse striatum similarly demonstrated significant reductions in D2R density of 7-10 week-old hemizygous (Mecp2-null) and heterozygous (HET) mice compared to wild type (WT) mice. With age, the density of D2R declined in WT mice but not HET mice. 3) In contrast, postmortem autoradiography revealed no group differences in the density of D1R and D2R in the caudate and putamen of RTT versus normal control subjects. 4) In humans and in the mouse model, PET revealed only marginal group differences in DAT. The results confirm that dopaminergic dysfunction in RTT is also present in Mecp2-deficient mice and that reductions in D2R more likely explain the impaired ambulation and progressive rigidity observed rather than alterations in DAT.
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Borroto-Escuela DO, Tarakanov AO, Brito I, Fuxe K. Glutamate heteroreceptor complexes in the brain. Pharmacol Rep 2018; 70:936-950. [PMID: 32002960 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The existence of mGluR, NMDAR, AMPAR and putative KAR heteroreceptor complexes in synaptic and extrasynaptic regions of brain glutamate synapses represents a major integrative mechanism. Our aim in the current article is to analyze if the formation of the different types glutamate hetereceptor complexes involves the contribution of triplet amino acid homologies (protriplets) in a postulated receptor interface based on the triplet puzzle theory. Seven main sets (lists) of receptor pairs in databases were used containing various sets (lists) of human receptor heteromers and nonheteromers obtained from the available scientific publications including the publically available GPCR-hetnet database. Brain mGluR1-mGluR5 and mGluR2-mGluR4 isoreceptor complexes were demonstrated with a predominant extrasynaptic localization at a post- and prejunctional localization. The existence of putative mGluR4-mGluR7 heteroreceptor complexes in the basal ganglia is proposed. Metabotropic glutamate receptor subtypes also participated in the formation of a large number of heteroreceptor complexes like mGluR1-A1R, mGluR5-A2AR, mGluR5-D2R and D2R-A2AR-mGluR5, located in relation to glutamate synapses, especially in the basal ganglia. A putative mGluR1-GABAB1/2 heterocomplex may also exist. NMDAR heteroreceptor complexes were also demonstrated as a fundamental integrative mechanism in the glutamate synapse and its extrasynaptic membranes. It represented fundamental work on inter alia NMDAR-mGluR5, NMDAR-D1R and NMDAR-D2R heteroreceptor complexes involving both antagonistic and facilitatory allosteric receptor-receptor interactions. As to AMPA receptors, a heterocomplex was found for the interaction between IFNgR1 and the AMPAR mediated via the subunit GluA1 which may be of relevance for neuroinflammation. AMPAR-D2R heteroreceptor complexes were also demonstrated. Besides glutamate heteroreceptor complexes and their allosteric receptor-receptor interactions, a significant mechanism for the functional crosstalk can also be phosphorylation and/or reorganization of adapter proteins with dynamic binding to the two receptors modulating the allosteric receptor mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dasiel O Borroto-Escuela
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Biomolecular Science, Section of Physiology, University of Urbino, Campus Scientifico Enrico Mattei, Urbino, Italy.,Grupo Bohío-Estudio, Observatorio Cubano de Neurociencias, Yaguajay, Cuba
| | - Alexander O Tarakanov
- St. Petersburg Institute for Informatics and Automation, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ismel Brito
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Grupo Bohío-Estudio, Observatorio Cubano de Neurociencias, Yaguajay, Cuba
| | - Kjell Fuxe
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Ivan Ezquerra-Romano I, Lawn W, Krupitsky E, Morgan CJA. Ketamine for the treatment of addiction: Evidence and potential mechanisms. Neuropharmacology 2018; 142:72-82. [PMID: 29339294 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Ketamine is a dissociative anaesthetic drug which acts on the central nervous system chiefly through antagonism of the n-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor. Recently, ketamine has attracted attention as a rapid-acting anti-depressant but other studies have also reported its efficacy in reducing problematic alcohol and drug use. This review explores the preclinical and clinical research into ketamine's ability to treat addiction. Despite methodological limitations and the relative infancy of the field, results thus far are promising. Ketamine has been shown to effectively prolong abstinence from alcohol and heroin in detoxified alcoholics and heroin dependent individuals, respectively. Moreover, ketamine reduced craving for and self-administration of cocaine in non-treatment seeking cocaine users. However, further randomised controlled trials are urgently needed to confirm ketamine's efficacy. Possible mechanisms by which ketamine may work within addiction include: enhancement of neuroplasticity and neurogenesis, disruption of relevant functional neural networks, treating depressive symptoms, blocking reconsolidation of drug-related memories, provoking mystical experiences and enhancing psychological therapy efficacy. Identifying the mechanisms by which ketamine exerts its therapeutic effects in addiction, from the many possible candidates, is crucial for advancing this treatment and may have broader implications understanding other psychedelic therapies. In conclusion, ketamine shows great promise as a treatment for various addictions, but well-controlled research is urgently needed. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled 'Psychedelics: New Doors, Altered Perceptions'.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Ivan Ezquerra-Romano
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, Gower Street, London, UK
| | - W Lawn
- Clinical Psychopharmacology Unit, University College London, Gower Street, London, UK
| | - E Krupitsky
- St.-Petersburg Pavlov State Medical University and Bekhterev Research Psychoneurological Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - C J A Morgan
- Clinical Psychopharmacology Unit, University College London, Gower Street, London, UK; Psychopharmacology and Addiction Research Centre, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
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Krämer SD, Betzel T, Mu L, Haider A, Herde AM, Boninsegni AK, Keller C, Szermerski M, Schibli R, Wünsch B, Ametamey SM. Evaluation of 11C-Me-NB1 as a Potential PET Radioligand for Measuring GluN2B-Containing NMDA Receptors, Drug Occupancy, and Receptor Cross Talk. J Nucl Med 2017; 59:698-703. [DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.117.200451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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Cognitive Effects of Air Pollution Exposures and Potential Mechanistic Underpinnings. Curr Environ Health Rep 2017; 4:180-191. [PMID: 28435996 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-017-0134-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review sought to address the potential for air pollutants to impair cognition and mechanisms by which that might occur. RECENT FINDINGS Air pollution has been associated with deficits in cognitive functions across a wide range of epidemiological studies, both with developmental and adult exposures. Studies in animal models are significantly more limited in number, with somewhat inconsistent findings to date for measures of learning, but show more consistent impairments for short-term memory. Potential contributory mechanisms include oxidative stress/inflammation, altered levels of dopamine and/or glutamate, and changes in synaptic plasticity/structure. Epidemiological studies are consistent with adverse effects of air pollutants on cognition, but additional studies and better phenotypic characterization are needed for animal models, including more precise delineation of specific components of cognition that are affected, as well as definitions of critical exposure periods for such effects and the components of air pollution responsible. This would permit development of more circumscribed hypotheses as to potential behavioral and neurobiological mechanisms.
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Weng W, Chen Y, Wang M, Zhuang Y, Behnisch T. Potentiation of Schaffer-Collateral CA1 Synaptic Transmission by eEF2K and p38 MAPK Mediated Mechanisms. Front Cell Neurosci 2016; 10:247. [PMID: 27826228 PMCID: PMC5078695 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2016.00247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The elongation factor 2 kinase (eEF2K), likewise known as CaMKIII, has been demonstrated to be involved in antidepressant responses of NMDA receptor antagonists. Even so, it remains open whether direct inhibition of eEF2K without altering up-stream or other signaling pathways affects hippocampal synaptic transmission and neuronal network synchrony. Inhibition of eEF2K by the selective and potent eEF2K inhibitor A-484954 induced a fast pre-synaptically mediated enhancement of synaptic transmission and synchronization of neural network activity. The eEF2K-inhibition mediated potentiation of synaptic transmission of hippocampal CA1 neurons is most notably independent of protein synthesis and does not rely on protein kinase C, protein kinase A or mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2. Moreover, the strengthening of synaptic transmission in the response to the inhibition of eEF2K was strongly attenuated by the inhibition of p38 MAPK. In addition, we show the involvement of barium-sensitive and more specific the TWIK-related potassium-1 (TREK-1) channels in the eEF2K-inhibition mediated potentiation of synaptic transmission. These findings reveal a novel pathway of eEF2K mediated regulation of hippocampal synaptic transmission. Further research is required to study whether such compounds could be beneficial for the development of mood disorder treatments with a fast-acting antidepressant response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiguang Weng
- The Institutes of Brain Science, The State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Chen
- The Institutes of Brain Science, The State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University Shanghai, China
| | - Man Wang
- The Institutes of Brain Science, The State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University Shanghai, China
| | - Yinghan Zhuang
- The Institutes of Brain Science, The State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University Shanghai, China
| | - Thomas Behnisch
- The Institutes of Brain Science, The State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University Shanghai, China
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Han C, Nie S, Chen G, Ma K, Xiong N, Zhang Z, Xu Y, Wang T, Papa SM, Cao X. Intrastriatal injection of ionomycin profoundly changes motor response to l-DOPA and its underlying molecular mechanisms. Neuroscience 2016; 340:23-33. [PMID: 27771532 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 10/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Long-term l-DOPA treatment of Parkinson's disease is accompanied with fluctuations of motor responses and l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID). Phosphorylation of the dopamine and c-AMP regulated phosphoprotein of 32kDa (DARPP-32) plays a role in the pathogenesis of LID, and thus dephosphorylation of this protein by activated calcineurin may help reduce LID. One important activator of calcineurin is the Ca2+ ionophore ionomycin. Here, we investigated whether intrastriatal injection of ionomycin to hemiparkinsonian rats produced changes in l-DOPA responses including LID. We also analyzed the effects of ionomycin on key molecular mediators of LID. Results confirmed our hypothesis that ionomycin could downregulate the phosphorylation of DARPP32 at Thr-34 and reduce LID. Besides, ionomycin decreased two established molecular markers of LID, FosB/ΔFosB and phosphorylated ERK1/2. Ionomycin also decreased the phosphorylation of three main subunits of the NMDA receptor, NR1 phosphorylated at ser896, NR2A phosphorylated at Tyr-1325, and NR2B phosphorylated at Tyr-1472. Furthermore, the anti-LID effect of striatally injected ionomycin was not accompanied by reduction of the antiparkinsonian action of l-DOPA. These data indicate that ionomycin largely interacts with striatal mechanisms that are critical to the l-DOPA motor response highlighting the role of protein dephosphorylation by calcineurin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Han
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Shuke Nie
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Guiqin Chen
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Kai Ma
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Nian Xiong
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Zhentao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Stella M Papa
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Xuebing Cao
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
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