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Li X, Xia B, Shen G, Dong R, Xu S, Yang L. The interplay of depressive symptoms and self-efficacy in adolescents: a network analysis approach. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1419920. [PMID: 39282676 PMCID: PMC11393584 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1419920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Self-efficacy, a critical psychological construct representing an individual's belief in their ability to control their motivation, behavior, and social environment. In adolescents, self-efficacy plays a crucial role in mental health, particularly concerning depressive symptoms. Despite substantial research, the complex interplay between self-efficacy and depressive symptoms in adolescents remains incompletely understood. Aims The aim of this study is to investigate the complex interrelationships between self-efficacy and depressive symptoms in adolescents using psychological network analysis. Methods The cross-sectional study involved 3,654 adolescents. Self-efficacy was assessed using the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), and depressive symptoms were measured with the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Network analysis, incorporating the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) technique and centrality analysis, constructed and compared self-efficacy networks between depressive symptoms and healthy control groups. Results Of the 3,654 participants, 560 (15.32%) met criteria for moderate to severe depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 scores ≥10). Among those with depressive symptoms, 373 (66.61%) had moderate, 126 (22.50%) had moderate-severe, and 61 (10.89%) had severe symptoms. Bivariate correlation analyses revealed a significant negative correlation between depressive symptoms and self-efficacy (r = -0.41, p < 0.001). The results of the network analysis showed significant differences in self-efficacy networks between adolescents with and without depressive symptoms (global strength: S = 0.25, p < 0.05). Depressed participants showed a network with reduced global strength, suggesting diminished interconnectedness among self-efficacy items. Specific connections within the self-efficacy network were altered in the presence of depressive symptoms. Bridge analysis revealed that effort-based problem-solving (bridge strengths = 0.13) and suicidal ideation (bridge strengths = 0.09) were the key bridge nodes. Conclusion Adolescent depressive symptoms significantly impacts the self-efficacy network, resulting in diminished integration of self-efficacy and highlighting the complex interplay between self-efficacy and depressive symptoms. These findings challenge the traditional unidimensional view of self-efficacy and emphasize the need for tailored interventions focusing on unique self-efficacy profiles in adolescents with depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Wenzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Bizhen Xia
- Qingtian County People's Hospital, Lishui, China
| | | | - Renjie Dong
- Zhoupu Community Health Service Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Su Xu
- Department of Psychology, School of Education, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lingkai Yang
- Wenzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Wenzhou, China
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Zisk A, Abbott CH, Ewing ESK, Fitter MH, Diamond GS, Kobak R. Immersive and reflective recall of a suicidal episode: Implications for assessing and treating suicidal adolescents. J Consult Clin Psychol 2023; 91:533-546. [PMID: 37261740 PMCID: PMC10526636 DOI: 10.1037/ccp0000829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study tested the validity and clinical utility of adolescents' reports of two distinct modes of processing during the recall of a suicidal episode in the Suicide Narrative Interview (SNI). Recall Intensity (RI) items were designed to capture a tendency to become immersed in thoughts and feelings during the interview, while Meaning Making (MM) items were designed to assess more distant and reflective processing. METHOD The construct and predictive validity of pretreatment MM and RI was tested in a 16-week randomized clinical trial (RCT) for depressed and suicidal adolescents (N = 113, Mage = 14.95, 84.1% female, 51.8% Black/African American). Adolescents rated MM and RI immediately following the SNI during a baseline assessment. RESULTS Baseline MM was associated with protective factors related to reduced suicidality, and RI was associated with several risk factors for suicidal symptoms. Adolescents who reported high MM and low RI reported greater reductions in both suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms during the RCT. CONCLUSIONS The results support MM and RI as two distinct modes of how adolescents process memories of suicidal episodes and highlight the potential clinical utility of RI and MM in assessing and treating suicidal adolescents. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Zisk
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware
| | - Caroline H Abbott
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware
| | | | | | - Guy S Diamond
- Counseling and Family Therapy Department, Drexel University
| | - Roger Kobak
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware
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Metz K, Lewis J, Mitchell J, Chakraborty S, McLeod BD, Bjørndal L, Mildon R, Shlonsky A. Problem-solving interventions and depression among adolescents and young adults: A systematic review of the effectiveness of problem-solving interventions in preventing or treating depression. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285949. [PMID: 37643196 PMCID: PMC10464969 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Problem-solving (PS) has been identified as a therapeutic technique found in multiple evidence-based treatments for depression. To further understand for whom and how this intervention works, we undertook a systematic review of the evidence for PS's effectiveness in preventing and treating depression among adolescents and young adults. We searched electronic databases (PsycINFO, Medline, and Cochrane Library) for studies published between 2000 and 2022. Studies meeting the following criteria were included: (a) the intervention was described by authors as a PS intervention or including PS; (b) the intervention was used to treat or prevent depression; (c) mean or median age between 13-25 years; (d) at least one depression outcome was reported. Risk of bias of included studies was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0 tool. A narrative synthesis was undertaken given the high level of heterogeneity in study variables. Twenty-five out of 874 studies met inclusion criteria. The interventions studied were heterogeneous in population, intervention, modality, comparison condition, study design, and outcome. Twelve studies focused purely on PS; 13 used PS as part of a more comprehensive intervention. Eleven studies found positive effects in reducing depressive symptoms and two in reducing suicidality. There was little evidence that the intervention impacted PS skills or that PS skills acted as a mediator or moderator of effects on depression. There is mixed evidence about the effectiveness of PS as a prevention and treatment of depression among AYA. Our findings indicate that pure PS interventions to treat clinical depression have the strongest evidence, while pure PS interventions used to prevent or treat sub-clinical depression and PS as part of a more comprehensive intervention show mixed results. Possible explanations for limited effectiveness are discussed, including missing outcome bias, variability in quality, dosage, and fidelity monitoring; small sample sizes and short follow-up periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Metz
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Jane Lewis
- Centre for Evidence and Implementation, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jade Mitchell
- Centre for Evidence and Implementation, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Bryce D. McLeod
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America
| | - Ludvig Bjørndal
- Centre for Evidence and Implementation, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robyn Mildon
- Centre for Evidence and Implementation, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Aron Shlonsky
- Department of Social Work, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Noreen S, Dritschel B. Thinking about the consequences: The detrimental role of future thinking on intrapersonal problem-solving in depression. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289676. [PMID: 37611035 PMCID: PMC10446235 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the fact that depressed individuals encounter a multitude of social problems in daily life, research on social problem-solving has largely been dominated by research on interpersonal problems and there is a paucity of research on intrapersonal problems. Intrapersonal problems are linked to one's subjective psychological functioning and involve managing one's own feelings and emotions pertaining to the self. Given that depressed individuals exhibit impaired emotion regulation, it is possible that their ability to solve intrapersonal problems may be impaired, especially in relation to future thinking. The aim of this study was to investigate whether future thinking, in the form of thinking about the consequences of a problem being resolved or remaining unresolved has an impact on intrapersonal problem-solving in depression. Forty-five depressed and fifty-four non-depressed participants completed a modified version of the means end problem-solving task (MEPS). In the task, participants were presented with a series of intrapersonal problems and were asked to generate consequences of the problems being resolved or remaining unresolved. Participants were then presented with a positive resolution to each of the problems and were asked to solve the problem to achieve the positive resolution. Following a delay, participants were asked to recall all of the consequences initially generated. Overall, depressed individuals generated fewer-relevant means and less effective solutions to problems than non-depressed participants. Depressed individuals also demonstrated impaired intrapersonal problem-solving following the generation of resolved and unresolved consequences, compared to a baseline condition, where no consequences were generated. These findings suggest that future thinking impairs intrapersonal problem-solving and indicates that a more nuanced approach to future thinking and social problem-solving in depression is needed across different real-life problem-solving contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saima Noreen
- Department of Psychology, De Montfort University, Leicester, England
| | - Barbara Dritschel
- School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Scotland
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Jang H, Son H, Kim J. Classmates' Discrimination Experiences and Adolescent Depressive Symptoms: Evidence From Random Assignment of Students to Classrooms in South Korea. J Adolesc Health 2023; 72:914-922. [PMID: 36809865 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2022.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to examine the association between classmates' discrimination experiences and an individual student's depressive symptoms. A set of social-psychological and behavioral variables were considered as potential mechanisms underlying this association. METHODS The data came from the Gyeonggi Education Panel Study of seventh graders in South Korea. This study leveraged quasi-experimental variation generated from random assignment of students to classes within schools to address the endogenous school selection problem and account for the unobserved school-level confounders. To formally test for mediation, Sobel tests were conducted and peer attachment, school satisfaction, smoking, and drinking were explored as mechanism variables. RESULTS An increase in classmates' discrimination experiences was positively associated with an individual student's depressive symptoms. This association remained statistically significant even after adjusting for personal discrimination experience, a myriad of individual- and class-level covariates, as well as school fixed effects (b = 0.325, p < .05). Classmates' discrimination experiences were also associated with a decline in peer attachment and school satisfaction (b = -0.386, p < .01 and b = -0.399, p < .05, respectively). These psychosocial factors explained about one-third of the association between classmates' discrimination experiences and individual students' depressive symptoms. DISCUSSION The findings of this study suggest that exposure to peer-level discrimination experience leads to friend detachment and school dissatisfaction, which in turn increases an individual student's depressive symptoms. This study reaffirms the importance of fostering a more cohesive and nondiscriminatory school environment to promote adolescents' psychological health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayun Jang
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyewon Son
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinho Kim
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Center for Demography of Health and Aging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin.
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Park Y, McCloskey MS, Ammerman BA. Context-Specific Interpersonal Problem-Solving and Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors. CRISIS 2023; 44:78-81. [PMID: 34463541 DOI: 10.1027/0227-5910/a000811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background: Interpersonal problem-solving difficulties constitute a suicide risk factor that may be particularly relevant among college students. Most studies have examined general interpersonal problem-solving; however, context-specific abilities may have greater clinical implications. Aim: This study examined whether individuals with and without a history of suicidal thoughts and behaviors differed in context-specific interpersonal problem-solving. Method: Undergraduate students (n = 112) completed a brief interview and interpersonal problem-solving tasks with positive (e.g., initiating romantic relationship) and negative (i.e., physical revenge) resolutions. Results: Individuals with a history of suicide ideation generated more effective solutions and more alternatives in the negative-resolution scenario; no significant differences were identified for the positive-resolution scenarios. No group differences were found based on suicide attempt status. Limitations: Our results do not account for the mechanisms that influence problem-solving abilities in negative-resolution scenarios. Conclusion: Clinical efforts may benefit from targeting the translation of interpersonal problem-solving abilities to situations with positive resolutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeonsoo Park
- Department of Psychology, University of Notre Dame, IN, USA
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Otero MC, Walker JA, Kumpula MJ, Hernandez B, Funderburk JS, Loebach Wetherell J, Beaudreau SA. Negative Problem Orientation is Associated with Mental Health Outcomes for Veterans Enrolled in Problem-Solving Training. COGNITIVE AND BEHAVIORAL PRACTICE 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpra.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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8
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Lin RM, Xiong XX, Shen YL, Lin N, Chen YP. The heterogeneity of negative problem orientation in Chinese adolescents: A latent profile analysis. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1012455. [PMID: 36275308 PMCID: PMC9583661 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1012455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Negative problem orientation (NPO) has become an essential construct for comprehending social problem-solving deficits. However, the heterogeneity of NPO has not yet been explored. With a sample of Chinese adolescents (N = 2,174), four latent profiles were identified as lower NPO, moderate NPO, self-inefficacy and negative outcome expectancy (SI&NOE), and dysfunctional NPO. Compared to the lower NPO and moderate NPO, a greater percentage of boys in the SI&NOE and dysfunctional NPO profiles than were girls. In addition, lower grades and younger adolescents tended to engage in the moderate NPO and SI&NOE profiles. The dysfunctional NPO reported higher levels of worry, depressive symptoms, anxiety, and stress, and worse sleep quality than the other profiles. The implications of these findings are discussed herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Mao Lin
- School of Psychology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- *Correspondence: Rong-Mao Lin,
| | - Xia-Xin Xiong
- School of Psychology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yi-Lin Shen
- School of Psychology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Nan Lin
- School of Psychology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yan-Ping Chen
- School of Psychology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Department of Social Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- Yan-Ping Chen,
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9
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Hu Y, Jiang X. Hope as an engine mediating the relation between parental attachment and social problem solving skills in adolescents. SCHOOL PSYCHOLOGY INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/01430343221091991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Research has consistently supported the significance of parental attachment in behavioral development during adolescence. Based on the attachment theory and the engine of well-being model, the current study examined the mediating effect of hope in the relation between parental attachment and social problem-solving skills in Chinese early adolescents (N = 745, 6th to 8th grade, age range 11 to 15 years, mean = 12.76, SD = 0.74). Data were collected across two time points, with six months between each time. After confirming the measurement model, the structural equation modeling analysis results showed that hope fully mediated the relation between maternal and paternal attachment, respectively, and social problem-solving skills. The findings are consistent with previous research conducted in the United States showing the mediating role of hope in the relation between family resources and adolescents’ positive goal-directed behavior. These findings also support the application of the attachment theory and the engine of well-being model in Chinese culture and possibly Eastern culture in general. Implications for school psychologists and other mental health professionals to help parents understand how they influence adolescents’ social problem-solving skills (via hope), especially in the Eastern cultural context, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Hu
- University of Virginia, USA; University of Connecticut, USA
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10
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Courtney DB, Watson P, Krause KR, Chan BWC, Bennett K, Gunlicks-Stoessel M, Rodak T, Neprily K, Zentner T, Szatmari P. Predictors, Moderators, and Mediators Associated With Treatment Outcome in Randomized Clinical Trials Among Adolescents With Depression: A Scoping Review. JAMA Netw Open 2022; 5:e2146331. [PMID: 35103789 PMCID: PMC8808324 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.46331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Importance The application of precision medicine principles for the treatment of depressive disorders in adolescents requires an examination of the variables associated with depression outcomes in randomized clinical trials (RCTs). Objective To describe predictors, moderators, and mediators associated with outcomes in RCTs for the treatment of depressive disorders in adolescents. Evidence Review A scoping review of RCTs for the treatment of depression in adolescents was conducted. Databases searched included MEDLINE, Embase, APA PsycInfo, and CINAHL. Included publications tested predictors, moderators, and/or mediators associated with depression symptom outcomes (eg, symptom reduction, response, remission) in RCTs pertaining to the treatment of adolescents, ages 13 to 17 years. Predictors were defined as variables that were associated with depression outcomes, independent of treatment group. Moderators were defined as baseline variables that were associated with differential outcomes between treatment groups. Mediators were defined by a formal mediation analysis. In duplicate, variables were extracted and coded with respect to analysis type (univariable or multivariable), statistical significance, direction of effect size, reporting of a priori hypotheses, and adjustment for multiple comparisons. Aggregated results were summarized by variable domain and RCT sample. Findings Eighty-one articles reporting on variables associated with outcomes across 33 RCTs were identified, including studies of biological (10 RCTs), psychosocial (18 RCTs), and combined (4 RCTs) treatments as well as a service delivery model (1 RCT). Fifty-three variable domains were tested as baseline predictors of depression outcome, 41 as moderators, 19 as postbaseline predictors, and 5 as mediators. Variable domains that were reported as significant in at least 3 RCTs included age, sex/gender, baseline depression severity, early response to treatment, sleep changes, parent-child conflict, overall psychopathology, suicidal ideation, hopelessness, functional impairment, attendance at therapy sessions, and history of trauma. Two publications reported a priori hypotheses and adjustment for multiple comparisons, both finding that baseline depression severity and family conflict were associated with poorer outcomes. Conclusions and Relevance This review identified commonly researched variables requiring more scrutiny as well as underresearched variables to inform future study designs. Further efforts to discover predictors, moderators, and mediators associated with treatment response have great potential to optimize care for adolescents with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren B. Courtney
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Priya Watson
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | - Kathryn Bennett
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact (formerly Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics), McMaster University Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Terri Rodak
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Education, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kirsten Neprily
- School and Applied Child Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Tabitha Zentner
- Margaret and Wallace McCain Centre for Child, Youth and Family Mental Health, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter Szatmari
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Oliveira JS, Manning MC, Kavanaugh BC. Cognitive Control Deficits in Depression: A Novel Target to Improve Suboptimal Outcomes in Childhood. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2021; 33:307-313. [PMID: 34261346 DOI: 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.20090236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive control deficits are one of three primary endophenotypes in depression, and the enhanced targeting of these deficits in clinical and research work is expected to lead to improved depression outcomes. Cognitive control is a set of self-regulatory processes responsible for goal-oriented behavior that predicts clinical/functional outcomes across the spectrum of brain-based disorders. In depression, cognitive control deficits emerge by the first depressive episode, persist during symptom remission, and worsen over the course of depression. In addition, the presence of these deficits predicts a poor response to evidence-based depression treatments, including psychotherapy and antidepressant medication. This is particularly relevant to childhood depression, as 1%-2% of children are diagnosed with depression, yet there are very limited evidence-based treatment options. Cognitive control deficits may be a previously underaddressed factor contributing to poor outcomes, although there remains a dearth of research examining the topic. The investigators describe the prior literature on cognitive control in depression to argue for the need for increased focus on this endophenotype. They then describe cognitive control-focused clinical and research avenues that would likely lead to improved treatments and outcomes for this historically undertreated aspect of childhood depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane S Oliveira
- Bradley Hospital, East Providence, R.I. (Oliveira, Kavanaugh); Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, R.I. (Oliveira, Kavanaugh); and Department of Applied Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston (Manning)
| | - Madeline C Manning
- Bradley Hospital, East Providence, R.I. (Oliveira, Kavanaugh); Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, R.I. (Oliveira, Kavanaugh); and Department of Applied Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston (Manning)
| | - Brian C Kavanaugh
- Bradley Hospital, East Providence, R.I. (Oliveira, Kavanaugh); Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, R.I. (Oliveira, Kavanaugh); and Department of Applied Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston (Manning)
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12
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Özkul B, Günüşen NP. Stressors and Coping Methods of Turkish Adolescents With High and Low Risk of Depression: A Qualitative Study. J Am Psychiatr Nurses Assoc 2021; 27:458-470. [PMID: 31965872 DOI: 10.1177/1078390319895088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stress and coping skills are essential factors in the etiology of depression. Understanding the stressors and coping strategies of adolescents in Turkey may help determine the content of the country-specific depression prevention program. AIMS The purpose of this study was to understand the stressors of adolescents with a high or low risk of depression and how they coped with these stressors. METHOD This descriptive qualitative study was conducted in a high school in western Turkey. The data were collected via semistructured individual interviews. Eleven adolescents with high risk of depression and 10 adolescents with low risk of depression were included in the study. Content analysis technique was used to analyze the data. RESULTS The stressors of adolescents and their coping were grouped into three themes: stressors, factors affecting coping strategies of adolescents, and coping. Stressors theme consists of three subthemes: family relationship, peer relationship, and telephone/internet usage. The factors affecting coping strategies of adolescents theme consists of four subthemes: cognitive distortions, self-perception, family relationships, and peer relationships. The coping theme consists of two subthemes: engagement coping and disengagement coping. CONCLUSIONS It was determined that adolescents with a high risk of depression had more stressors and used more disengagement-coping techniques. It is recommended that to prevent depression among adolescents, school nurses should take initiatives to strengthen the coping strategies of adolescents with high risk of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burcu Özkul
- Burcu Özkul, MSc, RN, Dokuz Eylul University, İzmir, Turkey
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13
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Krause KR, Courtney DB, Chan BWC, Bonato S, Aitken M, Relihan J, Prebeg M, Darnay K, Hawke LD, Watson P, Szatmari P. Problem-solving training as an active ingredient of treatment for youth depression: a scoping review and exploratory meta-analysis. BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:397. [PMID: 34425770 PMCID: PMC8383463 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03260-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Problem-solving training is a common ingredient of evidence-based therapies for youth depression and has shown effectiveness as a versatile stand-alone intervention in adults. This scoping review provided a first overview of the evidence supporting problem solving as a mechanism for treating depression in youth aged 14 to 24 years. METHODS Five bibliographic databases (APA PsycINFO, CINAHL, Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science) and the grey literature were systematically searched for controlled trials of stand-alone problem-solving therapy; secondary analyses of trial data exploring problem-solving-related concepts as predictors, moderators, or mediators of treatment response within broader therapies; and clinical practice guidelines for youth depression. Following the scoping review, an exploratory meta-analysis examined the overall effectiveness of stand-alone problem-solving therapy. RESULTS Inclusion criteria were met by four randomized trials of problem-solving therapy (524 participants); four secondary analyses of problem-solving-related concepts as predictors, moderators, or mediators; and 23 practice guidelines. The only clinical trial rated as having a low risk of bias found problem-solving training helped youth solve personal problems but was not significantly more effective than the control at reducing emotional symptoms. An exploratory meta-analysis showed a small and non-significant effect on self-reported depression or emotional symptoms (Hedges' g = - 0.34; 95% CI: - 0.92 to 0.23) with high heterogeneity. Removing one study at high risk of bias led to a decrease in effect size and heterogeneity (g = - 0.08; 95% CI: - 0.26 to 0.10). A GRADE appraisal suggested a low overall quality of the evidence. Tentative evidence from secondary analyses suggested problem-solving training might enhance outcomes in cognitive-behavioural therapy and family therapy, but dedicated dismantling studies are needed to corroborate these findings. Clinical practice guidelines did not recommend problem-solving training as a stand-alone treatment for youth depression, but five mentioned it as a treatment ingredient. CONCLUSIONS On its own, problem-solving training may be beneficial for helping youth solve personal challenges, but it may not measurably reduce depressive symptoms. Youth experiencing elevated depressive symptoms may require more comprehensive psychotherapeutic support alongside problem-solving training. High-quality studies are needed to examine the effectiveness of problem-solving training as a stand-alone approach and as a treatment ingredient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolin R Krause
- Cundill Centre for Child and Youth Depression, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), 80 Workman Way, Toronto, ON, M6J 1H4, Canada.
- Evidence Based Practice Unit, University College London and Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families, London, UK.
| | - Darren B Courtney
- Cundill Centre for Child and Youth Depression, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), 80 Workman Way, Toronto, ON, M6J 1H4, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Sarah Bonato
- Cundill Centre for Child and Youth Depression, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), 80 Workman Way, Toronto, ON, M6J 1H4, Canada
| | - Madison Aitken
- Cundill Centre for Child and Youth Depression, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), 80 Workman Way, Toronto, ON, M6J 1H4, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jacqueline Relihan
- Cundill Centre for Child and Youth Depression, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), 80 Workman Way, Toronto, ON, M6J 1H4, Canada
| | - Matthew Prebeg
- Cundill Centre for Child and Youth Depression, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), 80 Workman Way, Toronto, ON, M6J 1H4, Canada
| | - Karleigh Darnay
- Cundill Centre for Child and Youth Depression, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), 80 Workman Way, Toronto, ON, M6J 1H4, Canada
| | - Lisa D Hawke
- Cundill Centre for Child and Youth Depression, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), 80 Workman Way, Toronto, ON, M6J 1H4, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Priya Watson
- Cundill Centre for Child and Youth Depression, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), 80 Workman Way, Toronto, ON, M6J 1H4, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Peter Szatmari
- Cundill Centre for Child and Youth Depression, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), 80 Workman Way, Toronto, ON, M6J 1H4, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Xiao H, Lin R, Wu Q, Shen S, Yan Y. Negative Problems Orientation Questionnaire for Chinese Adolescents: Bifactor Model and Measurement Invariance. Front Psychol 2020; 11:608676. [PMID: 33362669 PMCID: PMC7758203 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.608676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The Negative Problem Orientation Questionnaire (NPOQ) is a widely used tool for assessing negative problem orientation (NPO). However, its construct and measurement invariance has not been adequately tested in adolescents. The present study explored the possible construct of the NPOQ and its measurement invariance in a sample of 754 Chinese adolescents (51.6% girls, all 12–18 years old). The results supported a bifactor model of the NPOQ that consists of a general factor NPO and three domain-specific factors including perceived threat, self-inefficacy, and negative outcome expectancy. A multiple-group CFA indicated that the bifactor model showed strict invariance across gender and age. The general and domain factors showed unique variance in indexes of worry, depression, anxiety, and stress, which supported well incremental validity of them. This study confirms for a bifactor conceptualization of the NPOQ and its measurement invariance across gender and age in Chinese adolescents. Additionally, it is recommended that the total score should be used to assess NPO in Chinese adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiwen Xiao
- School of Psychology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Rongmao Lin
- School of Psychology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qiaoling Wu
- School of Psychology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Saili Shen
- School of Psychology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China.,Guilin University of Aerospace Technology, Guilin, China
| | - Youwei Yan
- School of Psychology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
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Tanner-Smith EE, Nichols LM, Loan CM, Finch AJ, Moberg DP. Recovery High School Attendance Effects on Student Delinquency and Substance Use: the Moderating Role of Social Problem Solving Styles. PREVENTION SCIENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR PREVENTION RESEARCH 2020; 21:1104-1113. [PMID: 32886317 PMCID: PMC8153239 DOI: 10.1007/s11121-020-01161-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Recovery high schools (RHSs) provide educational programming and therapeutic support services for young people in recovery from substance use disorders (SUDs). The objectives of this study were to examine whether students with SUDs who attended RHSs report less delinquency and substance use than students with SUDs who attended non-RHSs, and how students' social problem solving styles might moderate those associations. Participants were students from a longitudinal quasi-experimental study of adolescents who enrolled in high schools after receiving treatment for SUDs. The propensity-score balanced sample included 260 adolescents (143 in RHSs, 117 in non-RHSs) enrolled in schools in Minnesota, Wisconsin, or Texas (M age = 16; 83% White; 44% female). Negative binomial regression models were used to compare delinquency and substance use outcomes for RHS and non-RHS students at 6-month and 12-month follow-ups. The results indicated that students attending RHSs after discharge from SUD treatment reported less frequent delinquent behavior while intoxicated, and fewer days of substance use relative to students attending non-RHSs. Negative problem solving styles moderated the effect of RHS attendance on substance use outcomes, with RHSs providing minimal beneficial effects for those students endorsing maladaptive problem solving styles. We conclude that RHSs offer a promising continuing care approach for adolescents in recovery from SUD problems, but may vary in their effectiveness for students with impulsive, careless, or avoidant problem solving styles.
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López R, Brick LA, Defayette AB, Whitmyre ED, Wolff J, Frazier E, Spirito A, Esposito-Smythers C. Depressive symptom severity mediates the association between avoidant problem-solving style and suicidal ideation. J Affect Disord 2020; 274:662-670. [PMID: 32664000 PMCID: PMC7401318 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.05.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The contemporaneous association between avoidant style, a maladaptive social problem-solving strategy, and adolescent suicidal ideation has been well established. However, the mechanisms underlying this association are not well understood. Using cross-lagged panel modeling, the present study examined whether depressive symptom severity mediates the relation between avoidant style and severity of suicidal ideation. The specificity of depressive symptom severity as a mediator was also evaluated by simultaneously testing whether avoidant style mediates the association between depressive symptom and suicidal ideation severity. METHODS The sample included 110 adolescents enrolled in a randomized controlled clinical effectiveness trial. Avoidant style as well as depressive symptom and suicidal ideation severity were assessed via self-report with the Social Problem-Solving Inventory-Revised, Children's Depression Scale-2, and Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire-Junior, respectively, at baseline, 3-and 6-months. RESULTS After accounting for participant age, sex, and treatment condition, path analyses supported the specificity of 3-month depressive symptom severity as a mediator of the association between baseline levels of avoidant style and 6-month suicidal ideation severity. LIMITATIONS Results may not be generalizable to non-clinical samples. Causality cannot be inferred from study results. Data were exclusively collected via self-report. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that avoidant style is indirectly related to suicidal ideation through depressive symptom severity. Thus, treatment targeted at improving social problem-solving skills, particularly avoidant style, may help reduce depressive symptoms and lower suicide risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leslie A Brick
- Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior
| | | | | | - Jennifer Wolff
- Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior
| | - Elisabeth Frazier
- Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior
| | - Anthony Spirito
- Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior
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Meyer AE, Curry JF. Moderators of Treatment for Adolescent Depression. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY 2020; 50:486-497. [DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2020.1796683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - John F. Curry
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center
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18
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Tsvieli N, Nir-Gottlieb O, Lifshitz C, Diamond GS, Kobak R, Diamond GM. Therapist Interventions Associated with Productive Emotional Processing in the Context of Attachment-Based Family Therapy for Depressed and Suicidal Adolescents. FAMILY PROCESS 2020; 59:428-444. [PMID: 30908627 DOI: 10.1111/famp.12445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Productive emotional processing is considered a key change mechanism in attachment-based family therapy (ABFT). This study examined the impact of attachment-based family therapy therapist interventions aimed to promote productive emotional processing of primary adaptive emotions in a sample of 30 depressed and suicidal adolescents who had participated in a larger randomized clinical trial. Results of sequential analyses revealed that relational reframes and therapists' focus on primary adaptive emotions were associated with the subsequent initiation of adolescents' productive emotional processing of primary adaptive emotions. In contrast, interpretations, reassurances, and therapists' focus on adolescents' rejecting anger toward their parents were all followed by the discontinuation of adolescents' emotional processing that had already begun. Finally, therapists' general encouragement of affect and focus on adolescents' unmet attachment/identity needs were associated with both the initiation of adolescents' productive emotional processing, and with the discontinuation of such processing once it had already begun. Theoretical and clinical implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noa Tsvieli
- Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | | | - Chen Lifshitz
- Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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Monsour A, Mew EJ, Patel S, Chee-A-Tow A, Saeed L, Santos L, Courtney DB, Watson PN, Monga S, Szatmari P, Offringa M, Butcher NJ. Primary outcome reporting in adolescent depression clinical trials needs standardization. BMC Med Res Methodol 2020; 20:129. [PMID: 32450810 PMCID: PMC7247139 DOI: 10.1186/s12874-020-01019-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence-based health care is informed by results of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and their syntheses in meta-analyses. When the trial outcomes measured are not clearly described in trial publications, knowledge synthesis, translation, and decision-making may be impeded. While heterogeneity in outcomes measured in adolescent major depressive disorder (MDD) RCTs has been described, the comprehensiveness of outcome reporting is unknown. This study aimed to assess the reporting of primary outcomes in RCTs evaluating treatments for adolescent MDD. METHODS RCTs evaluating treatment interventions in adolescents with a diagnosis of MDD published between 2008 and 2017 specifying a single primary outcome were eligible for outcome reporting assessment. Outcome reporting assessment was done independently in duplicate using a comprehensive checklist of 58 reporting items. Primary outcome information provided in each RCT publication was scored as "fully reported", "partially reported", or "not reported" for each checklist item, as applicable. RESULTS Eighteen of 42 identified articles were found to have a discernable single primary outcome and were included for outcome reporting assessment. Most trials (72%) did not fully report on over half of the 58 checklist items. Items describing masking of outcome assessors, timing and frequency of outcome assessment, and outcome analyses were fully reported in over 70% of trials. Items less frequently reported included outcome measurement instrument properties (ranging from 6 to 17%), justification of timing and frequency of outcome assessment (6%), and justification of criteria used for clinically significant differences (17%). The overall comprehensiveness of reporting appeared stable over time. CONCLUSIONS Heterogeneous reporting exists in published adolescent MDD RCTs, with frequent omissions of key details about their primary outcomes. These omissions may impair interpretability, replicability, and synthesis of RCTs that inform clinical guidelines and decision-making in this field. Consensus on the minimal criteria for outcome reporting in adolescent MDD RCTs is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Monsour
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, 686 Bay Street, Room 11.9712, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Emma J Mew
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, 686 Bay Street, Room 11.9712, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Sagar Patel
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, 686 Bay Street, Room 11.9712, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Alyssandra Chee-A-Tow
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, 686 Bay Street, Room 11.9712, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Leena Saeed
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, 686 Bay Street, Room 11.9712, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Lucia Santos
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, 686 Bay Street, Room 11.9712, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Darren B Courtney
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Priya N Watson
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Suneeta Monga
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Peter Szatmari
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Martin Offringa
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, 686 Bay Street, Room 11.9712, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 0A4, Canada.
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- Division of Neonatology, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Nancy J Butcher
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, 686 Bay Street, Room 11.9712, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 0A4, Canada
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Interconnections Among Perceived Stress, Social Problem Solving, and Gastrointestinal Symptom Severity. JOURNAL OF RATIONAL-EMOTIVE AND COGNITIVE-BEHAVIOR THERAPY 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10942-019-00331-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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21
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Impact of self-directed learning readiness and learning attitude on problem-solving ability among Chinese undergraduate nursing students. FRONTIERS OF NURSING 2019. [DOI: 10.2478/fon-2019-0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
To explore the effects of self-directed learning readiness and learning attitude on problem-solving ability among Chinese undergraduate nursing students.
Methods
A convenience sampling of 460 undergraduate nursing students was surveyed in Tianjin, China. Students who participated in the study completed a questionnaire that included social demographic questionnaire, Self-directed Learning Readiness Scale, Attitude to Learning Scale, and Social Problem-Solving Inventory. Pearson’s correlation analysis was performed to test the correlations among problem-solving ability, self-directed learning readiness, and learning attitude. Hierarchical linear regression analyses were performed to explore the mediating role of learning attitude.
Results
The results showed that learning attitude (r=0.338, P<0.01) and self-directed learning readiness (r=0.493, P<0.01) were positively correlated with problem-solving ability. Learning attitude played a partial intermediary role between self-directed learning readiness and problem-solving ability (F=74.227, P<0.01).
Conclusions
It is concluded that nursing educators should pay attention on students’ individual differences and take proper actions to inspire students’ self-directed learning readiness and learning attitude.
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Cognition and self-injurious thoughts and behaviors: A systematic review of longitudinal studies. Clin Psychol Rev 2019; 69:97-111. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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23
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Improving Health-Related Quality of Life and Reducing Suicide in Primary Care: Can Social Problem–Solving Abilities Help? Int J Ment Health Addict 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-018-0019-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Lee M, Nezu AM, Nezu CM. Acculturative Stress, Social Problem Solving, and Depressive Symptoms among Korean American Immigrants. Transcult Psychiatry 2018; 55:710-729. [PMID: 30131019 DOI: 10.1177/1363461518792734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The present study examined the relationship among acculturative stress, social problem solving, and depressive symptoms among 107 Korean American immigrants. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that acculturative stress significantly predicted depressive symptoms controlling for different domains of acculturation. With regard to the role of social problem solving, among the five dimensions of social problem solving (i.e., positive problem orientation, negative problem orientation, rational problem solving, impulsive/careless style, and avoidant style), negative problem orientation and impulsive/careless style significantly predicted depressive symptoms. Avoidant style significantly interacted with acculturative stress, indicating that avoidant style is associated with depressive symptoms when acculturative stress is high. The study underscores the impact of culture as well as severity of stress on the relationship among acculturative stress, coping, and depressive symptoms among Korean American immigrants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arthur M Nezu
- Drexel University, Philadelphia Veterans Administration Medical Center
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25
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Volkaert B, Wante L, Vervoort L, Braet C. 'Boost Camp', a universal school-based transdiagnostic prevention program targeting adolescent emotion regulation; evaluating the effectiveness by a clustered RCT: a protocol paper. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:904. [PMID: 30031383 PMCID: PMC6054752 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-5754-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The transition from childhood into adolescence can be considered as a critical developmental period. Moreover, adolescence is associated with a decreased use of adaptive emotion regulation strategies and an increased use of maladaptive emotion regulation strategies increasing the risk of emotional problems. Targeting emotion regulation is therefore seen as an innovative prevention approach. The present study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Boost camp, an innovative school-based prevention program targeting ER, on adolescents' emotion regulation skills and emotional wellbeing. Also secondary outcomes and possible moderators will be included. METHODS The aim is to reach 300 adolescents (16 class groups, 6 schools) in their first year of high school. A clustered Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) with two conditions, intervention (n = 150) and control (n = 150), will be set up. Adolescents in the intervention condition will receive 14 lessons over the course of 2 days, followed by Booster sessions, and will be compared with adolescents in a non-intervention control group. The outcomes will be measured by self-report questionnaires at baseline, immediately after Boost camp, and at three and 6 months follow-up. DISCUSSION Data-collection is planned to be completed in May 2018. Data-analyses will be finished the end of 2018. The presented paper describes the Boost camp program and the clustered RCT design to evaluate its effectiveness. It is expected that Boost camp will have beneficial effects. If found effective, Boost camp will have the potential to increase adolescent's ER and well-being, and reduce the risk to become adults in need. The trials is registered on the 13th of June 2017 in ISRCTN registry [ISRCTN68235634].
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Volkaert
- Department of Developmental, Personality and Social Psychology, Ghent University, Henri Dunantlaan 2, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Laura Wante
- Department of Developmental, Personality and Social Psychology, Ghent University, Henri Dunantlaan 2, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Leentje Vervoort
- Department of Developmental, Personality and Social Psychology, Ghent University, Henri Dunantlaan 2, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Caroline Braet
- Department of Developmental, Personality and Social Psychology, Ghent University, Henri Dunantlaan 2, Ghent, Belgium
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Wilkins N, Myers L, Kuehl T, Bauman A, Hertz M. Connecting the Dots: State Health Department Approaches to Addressing Shared Risk and Protective Factors Across Multiple Forms of Violence. JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE 2018; 24 Suppl 1 Suppl, Injury and Violence Prevention:S32-S41. [PMID: 29189502 PMCID: PMC5815838 DOI: 10.1097/phh.0000000000000669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Violence takes many forms, including intimate partner violence, sexual violence, child abuse and neglect, bullying, suicidal behavior, and elder abuse and neglect. These forms of violence are interconnected and often share the same root causes. They can also co-occur together in families and communities and can happen at the same time or at different stages of life. Often, due to a variety of factors, separate, "siloed" approaches are used to address each form of violence. However, understanding and implementing approaches that prevent and address the overlapping root causes of violence (risk factors) and promote factors that increase the resilience of people and communities (protective factors) can help practitioners more effectively and efficiently use limited resources to prevent multiple forms of violence and save lives. This article presents approaches used by 2 state health departments, the Maryland Department of Health and Mental Hygiene and the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, to integrate a shared risk and protective factor approach into their violence prevention work and identifies key lessons learned that may serve to inform crosscutting violence prevention efforts in other states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Wilkins
- Division of Analysis, Research, and Practice Integration, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia (Dr Wilkins and Ms Hertz); Violence and Injury Prevention-Mental Health Promotion Branch, Colorado Department of Public Health & Environment, Denver, Colorado (Mss Myers and Kuehl); and Maryland Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, Baltimore, Maryland (Ms Bauman)
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Sharaf AY, Lachine OA, Thompson EA. Rumination, Social Problem Solving and Suicide Intent Among Egyptians With a Recent Suicide Attempt. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2018; 32:86-92. [PMID: 29413080 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2017.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The more complex influences of social problem-solving abilities and rumination-specifically brooding and reflection-on suicide intent is not well understood. We hypothesized that social problem solving would moderate the association between reflection and suicide intent, and mediate the influence of brooding on suicide intent. A convenience sample (N=186) of individuals hospitalized for recent suicide attempt was interviewed, assessing suicide intent, social problem solving, brooding, reflection and depression. Brooding and reflection were positively associated with suicide intent. The mediating, but not the moderating, hypothesis was supported. Brooding was not significant (β=0.15, t=1.92, p=0.06) with social problem solving controlled. Interventions to disengage rumination and improve social problem-solving skills are underscored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira Y Sharaf
- Psychiatric Nursing and Mental Health, Alexandria University, Faculty of Nursing, Egypt.
| | - Ola A Lachine
- Psychiatric Nursing and Mental Health, Alexandria University, Faculty of Nursing, Egypt
| | - Elaine A Thompson
- Psychosocial & Community Health, School of Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-7263, United States
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Ebrahimi A, Ramezani Farani A, lotfi M, Hakim Shushtari M. Relationship Between Autistic Traits, Social Problem-Solving Deficiencies, and Depressive - Anxiety Symptoms: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.29252/nirp.ijpcp.23.3.278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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McCann TV, Cotton SM, Lubman DI. Social problem solving in carers of young people with a first episode of psychosis: a randomized controlled trial. Early Interv Psychiatry 2017; 11:346-350. [PMID: 26592195 PMCID: PMC5573962 DOI: 10.1111/eip.12301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM Caring for young people with first-episode psychosis is difficult and demanding, and has detrimental effects on carers' well-being, with few evidence-based resources available to assist carers to deal with the problems they are confronted with in this situation. We aimed to examine if completion of a self-directed problem-solving bibliotherapy by first-time carers of young people with first-episode psychosis improved their social problem solving compared with carers who only received treatment as usual. METHODS A randomized controlled trial was carried out through two early intervention psychosis services in Melbourne, Australia. A sample of 124 carers were randomized to problem-solving bibliotherapy or treatment as usual. Participants were assessed at baseline, 6- and 16-week follow-up. RESULTS Intent-to-treat analyses were used and showed that recipients of bibliotherapy had greater social problem-solving abilities than those receiving treatment as usual, and these effects were maintained at both follow-up time points. CONCLUSIONS Our findings affirm that bibliotherapy, as a low-cost complement to treatment as usual for carers, had some effects in improving their problem-solving skills when addressing problems related to the care and support of young people with first-episode psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terence V McCann
- Centre for Chronic Disease, College of Health and Biomedicine (Discipline of Nursing), Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sue M Cotton
- Orygen Youth Health Research Centre, and Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dan I Lubman
- Turning Point, Eastern Health and Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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30
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Chu C, Walker KL, Stanley IH, Hirsch JK, Greenberg JH, Rudd MD, Joiner TE. Perceived problem-solving deficits and suicidal ideation: Evidence for the explanatory roles of thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness in five samples. J Pers Soc Psychol 2017. [PMID: 28650191 DOI: 10.1037/pspp0000152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Perceived social problem-solving deficits are associated with suicide risk; however, little research has examined the mechanisms underlying this relationship. The interpersonal theory of suicide proposes 2 mechanisms in the pathogenesis of suicidal desire: intractable feelings of thwarted belongingness (TB) and perceived burdensomeness (PB). This study tested whether TB and PB serve as explanatory links in the relationship between perceived social problem-solving (SPS) deficits and suicidal thoughts and behaviors cross-sectionally and longitudinally. The specificity of TB and PB was evaluated by testing depression as a rival mediator. Self-report measures of perceived SPS deficits, TB, PB, suicidal ideation, and depression were administered in 5 adult samples: 336 and 105 undergraduates from 2 universities, 53 homeless individuals, 222 primary care patients, and 329 military members. Bias-corrected bootstrap mediation and meta-analyses were conducted to examine the magnitude of the direct and indirect effects, and the proposed mediation paths were tested using zero-inflated negative binomial regressions. Cross-sectionally, TB and PB were significant parallel mediators of the relationship between perceived SPS deficits and ideation, beyond depression. Longitudinally and beyond depression, in 1 study, both TB and PB emerged as significant explanatory factors, and in the other, only PB was a significant mediator. Findings supported the specificity of TB and PB: Depression and SPS deficits were not significant mediators. The relationship between perceived SPS deficits and ideation was explained by interpersonal theory variables, particularly PB. Findings support a novel application of the interpersonal theory, and bolster a growing compendium of literature implicating perceived SPS deficits in suicide risk. (PsycINFO Database Record
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol Chu
- Department of Psychology, Florida State University
| | - Kristin L Walker
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience, University of California at Los Angeles
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Fazakas-DeHoog LL, Rnic K, Dozois DJA. A Cognitive Distortions and Deficits Model of Suicide Ideation. EUROPES JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2017; 13:178-193. [PMID: 28580021 PMCID: PMC5450979 DOI: 10.5964/ejop.v13i2.1238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Although cognitive distortions and deficits are known risk factors for the development and escalation of suicide ideation and behaviour, no empirical work has examined how these variables interact to predict suicide ideation. The current study proposes an integrative model of cognitive distortions (hopelessness and negative evaluations of self and future) and deficits (problem solving deficits, problem solving avoidance, and cognitive rigidity). To test the integrity of this model, a sample of 397 undergraduate students completed measures of deficits, distortions, and current suicide ideation. A structural equation model demonstrated excellent fit, and findings indicated that only distortions have a direct effect on suicidal thinking, whereas cognitive deficits may exert their effects on suicide ideation via their reciprocal relation with distortions. Findings underscore the importance of both cognitive distortions and deficits for understanding suicidality, which may have implications for preventative efforts and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura L Fazakas-DeHoog
- St. Joseph's Health Care - Regional Mental Health Care St. Thomas, St. Thomas, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Katerina Rnic
- Department of Psychology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - David J A Dozois
- Department of Psychology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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Walker KL, Hirsch JK, Chang EC, Jeglic EL. Non-Suicidal Self-Injury and Suicidal Behavior in a Diverse Sample: The Moderating Role of Social Problem-Solving Ability. Int J Ment Health Addict 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-017-9755-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Graven LJ, Martorella G, Gordon G, Grant Keltner JS, Higgins MK. Predictors of depression in outpatients with heart failure: An observational study. Int J Nurs Stud 2017; 69:57-65. [PMID: 28182959 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2017.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a common comorbidity of heart failure. Little is known about the influence of heart failure symptomatology and coping resources, such as social support and social problem-solving, on depression. OBJECTIVE To examine whether individual and clinical characteristics, heart failure symptomatology, and the subcomponents of social support and social problem-solving increase the likelihood of depression in outpatients with heart failure. METHODS A secondary data analysis of a cross sectional study with 201 outpatients with heart failure was conducted. The following self-report questionnaires were used to collect data: the Heart Failure Symptom Survey, the Interpersonal Support Evaluation List-12, the Graven and Grant Social Network Survey, the Social Problem-Solving Inventory Revised-Short, and the Center for Epidemiological Studies - Depression scale. Descriptive statistics examined patient characteristics. Logistic regression explored predictors of depression from among individual and clinical characteristics, heart failure symptomatology, and subcomponents of social support (i.e., belonging, tangible, and appraisal support) and social problem-solving (i.e., positive and negative problem orientation; rational, impulsiveness/carelessness, and avoidance problem-solving styles). RESULTS The sample was primarily Caucasian (86.1%) male (62.6%) with an average age of 72.57 years. Individuals who were unmarried, experienced a higher symptom burden, and those who perceived less belonging support were more likely to be depressed. The subcomponents of social problem-solving did not influence depression. CONCLUSIONS Belonging support was the most beneficial type of social support related to depression. Components of social problem-solving were not related to depression. Assessment of marital status, heart failure symptomatology, and perceived belonging support is needed to identify potential stressors and available social support in order to promote psychological adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Glenna Gordon
- Florida State University College of Nursing, United States
| | | | - Melinda K Higgins
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, United States
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MURAYAMA YASUO, ITO HIROYUKI, TAKAYANAGI NOBUYA, UEMIYA AI, NAKAJIMA SYUNJI, KATAGIRI MASATOSHI, HAMADA MEGUMI, MYOUGAN MITSUNORI, TSUJII MASATSUGU. Relationships Between Emotion Regulation Strategies and Depressive Symptoms and Aggressive Behavior : Elementary and Middle School Students. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.5926/jjep.65.64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- YASUO MURAYAMA
- FACULTY OF HUMANITIES AND SCIENCES, KOBE GAKUIN UNIVERSITY
| | - HIROYUKI ITO
- RESEARCH CENTER FOR CHILD MENTAL DEVELOPMENT, HAMAMATSU UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
| | | | - AI UEMIYA
- GRADUATE SCHOOL OF ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES, NAGOYA UNIVERSITY
| | | | | | - MEGUMI HAMADA
- ESEARCH CENTER FOR CHILD MENTAL DEVELOPMENT, HAMAMATSU UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Rejection sensitivity (RS) and deficits in social problem solving are risk factors for depression. Despite their relationship to depression and the potential connection between them, no studies have examined RS and social problem solving together in the context of depression. As such, we examined RS, five facets of social problem solving, and symptoms of depression in a young adult sample. METHOD A total of 180 participants completed measures of RS, social problem solving, and depressive symptoms. We used bootstrapping to examine the indirect effect of RS on depressive symptoms through problem solving. RESULTS RS was positively associated with depressive symptoms. A negative problem orientation, impulsive/careless style, and avoidance style of social problem solving were positively associated with depressive symptoms, and a positive problem orientation was negatively associated with depressive symptoms. RS demonstrated an indirect effect on depressive symptoms through two social problem-solving facets: the tendency to view problems as threats to one's well-being and an avoidance problem-solving style characterized by procrastination, passivity, or overdependence on others. CONCLUSIONS These results are consistent with prior research that found a positive association between RS and depression symptoms, but this is the first study to implicate specific problem-solving deficits in the relationship between RS and depression. Our results suggest that depressive symptoms in high RS individuals may result from viewing problems as threats and taking an avoidant, rather than proactive, approach to dealing with problems. These findings may have implications for problem-solving interventions for rejection sensitive individuals.
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An examination of the reciprocal relations between life satisfaction and social problem solving in early adolescents. J Adolesc 2016; 53:141-151. [DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2016.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 08/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Weersing VR, Jeffreys M, Do MCT, Schwartz KTG, Bolano C. Evidence Base Update of Psychosocial Treatments for Child and Adolescent Depression. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY 2016; 46:11-43. [PMID: 27870579 DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2016.1220310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Depression in youth is prevalent and disabling and tends to presage a chronic and recurrent course of illness and impairment in adulthood. Clinical trial research in youth depression has a 30-year history, and evidence-based treatment reviews appeared in 1998 and 2008. The current review of 42 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) updates these reviews to include RCTs published between 2008 and 2014 (N = 14) and reevaluates previously reviewed literature. Given the growing maturity of the field, this review utilized a stringent set of methodological criteria for trial inclusion, most notable for excluding trials based in subclinical samples of youth that had been included in previous reviews (N = 12) and including well-designed RCTs with null and negative findings (N = 8). Findings from the current review suggest that evidence for child treatments is notably weaker than for adolescent interventions, with no child treatments achieving well-established status and the evidentiary basis of treatments downgraded from previous reports. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for clinically depressed children appears to be possibly efficacious, with mixed findings across trials. For depressed adolescents, both CBT and interpersonal psychotherapy are well-established interventions, with evidence of efficacy in multiple trials by independent investigative teams. This positive conclusion is tempered by the small size of the interpersonal psychotherapy literature (N = 6) and concern that CBT effects may be attenuated in clinically complicated samples and when compared against active control conditions. Data on predictors, moderators, and mediators are examined and priorities for future research discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Robin Weersing
- a SDSU/UC San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology.,b Department of Psychology , San Diego State University
| | - Megan Jeffreys
- a SDSU/UC San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology
| | - Minh-Chau T Do
- a SDSU/UC San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology
| | | | - Carl Bolano
- b Department of Psychology , San Diego State University
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Lereya ST, Humphrey N, Patalay P, Wolpert M, Böhnke JR, Macdougall A, Deighton J. The student resilience survey: psychometric validation and associations with mental health. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2016; 10:44. [PMID: 27822304 PMCID: PMC5093941 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-016-0132-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Policies, designed to promote resilience, and research, to understand the determinants and correlates of resilience, require reliable and valid measures to ensure data quality. The student resilience survey (SRS) covers a range of external supports and internal characteristics which can potentially be viewed as protective factors and can be crucial in exploring the mechanisms between protective factors and risk factors, and to design intervention and prevention strategies. This study examines the validity of the SRS. METHODS 7663 children (aged 11-15 years) from 12 local areas across England completed the SRS, and questionnaires regarding mental and physical health. Psychometric properties of 10 subscales of the SRS (family connection, school connection, community connection, participation in home and school life, participation in community life, peer support, self-esteem, empathy, problem solving, and goals and aspirations) were investigated by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), differential item functioning (DIF), differential test functioning (DTF), Cronbach's α and McDonald's ω. The associations between the SRS scales, mental and physical health outcomes were examined. RESULTS The results supported the construct validity of the 10 factors of the scale and provided evidence for acceptable reliability of all the subscales. Our DIF analysis indicated differences between boys and girls, between primary and secondary school children, between children with or without special educational needs (SEN) and between children with or without English as an additional language (EAL) in terms of how they answered the peer support subscale of the SRS. Analyses did not indicate any DIF based on free school meals (FSM) eligibility. All subscales, except the peer support subscale, showed small DTF whereas the peer support subscale showed moderate DTF. Correlations showed that all the student resilience subscales were negatively associated with mental health difficulties, global subjective distress and impact on health. Random effects linear regression models showed that family connection, self-esteem, problem solving and peer support were negatively associated with all the mental health outcomes. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that the SRS is a valid measure assessing these relevant protective factors, thereby serving as a valuable tool in resilience and mental health research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzet Tanya Lereya
- Evidence Based Practice Unit (EBPU), UCL and Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families, London, N1 9JH UK
| | - Neil Humphrey
- Manchester Institute of Education, School of Environment, Education and Development, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Praveetha Patalay
- Institute of Psychology, Health and Society, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Miranda Wolpert
- Evidence Based Practice Unit (EBPU), UCL and Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families, London, N1 9JH UK
| | - Jan R. Böhnke
- Mental Health and Addiction Research Group (MHARG), Hull York Medical School and Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Amy Macdougall
- Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health Group, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Jessica Deighton
- Evidence Based Practice Unit (EBPU), UCL and Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families, London, N1 9JH UK
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Emotion Regulation Strategies in Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms in Youth: A Meta-Analytic Review. J Youth Adolesc 2016; 46:261-276. [DOI: 10.1007/s10964-016-0585-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Is Adolescent Suicidal Ideation Continuous or Categorical? A Taxometric Analysis. JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL CHILD PSYCHOLOGY 2016; 43:1459-1466. [PMID: 25904059 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-015-0022-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Despite the strong association between suicidal ideation and suicidal behavior, a relative minority of ideators transition to attempting suicide. Clarifying the latent structure of suicidal ideation has direct implications for theory, as well as suicidal risk assessment and prevention efforts. Taxometric analysis is a statistical technique specifically designed to assess whether a latent construct is taxonic (i.e., categorical) or continuous (i.e., dimensional) in nature. Although this statistical approach has been increasingly used over the past decade to elucidate the latent structure of various forms of psychopathology and related risk factors, there are no taxometric studies to date of suicidal ideation. The aim of the current project is to apply taxometric methods to a sample of clinically depressed, treatment-seeking adolescents (n = 334). Current suicidal ideation was measured using the Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire-Jr., (SIQ-Jr.). The results of two mathematically non-redundant taxometric approaches (i.e., MAXEIG and L-Mode) are consistent with a continuous latent structure for suicidal ideation. The current findings suggest that suicidal ideation in depressed adolescents is dimensional. The implication of these findings for research, theory, and suicidal risk assessment strategies are discussed.
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Abdollahi A, Talib MA, Yaacob SN, Ismail Z. Problem-Solving Skills and Suicidal Ideation Among Malaysian College Students: the Mediating Role of Hopelessness. ACADEMIC PSYCHIATRY : THE JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF DIRECTORS OF PSYCHIATRIC RESIDENCY TRAINING AND THE ASSOCIATION FOR ACADEMIC PSYCHIATRY 2016; 40:261-267. [PMID: 26122352 DOI: 10.1007/s40596-015-0383-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recent evidence suggests that suicidal ideation has increased among Malaysian college students over the past two decades; therefore, it is essential to increase our knowledge concerning the etiology of suicidal ideation among Malaysian college students. This study was conducted to examine the relationships between problem-solving skills, hopelessness, and suicidal ideation among Malaysian college students. METHODS The participants included 500 undergraduate students from two Malaysian public universities who completed the self-report questionnaires. RESULTS Structural equation modeling estimated that college students with poor problem-solving confidence, external personal control of emotion, and avoiding style were more likely to report suicidal ideation. Hopelessness partially mediated the relationship between problem-solving skills and suicidal ideation. CONCLUSION These findings reinforce the importance of poor problem-solving skills and hopelessness as risk factors for suicidal ideation among college students.
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Walker KL, Chang EC, Hirsch JK. Neuroticism and Suicidal Behavior: Conditional Indirect Effects of Social Problem Solving and Hopelessness. Int J Ment Health Addict 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-016-9648-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Developmentally sensitive cognitive behavioral therapy for adolescent school refusal: rationale and case illustration. Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev 2015; 17:191-215. [PMID: 24338067 DOI: 10.1007/s10567-013-0160-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
School refusal can be difficult to treat and the poorest treatment response is observed among older school refusers. This poor response may be explained, in part, by the impact of developmental transitions and tasks upon the young person, their family, and the treatment process. This paper describes and illustrates the @school program, a cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) designed to promote developmental sensitivity when planning and delivering treatment for adolescent school refusal. Treatment is modularized and it incorporates progress reviews, fostering a planned yet flexible approach to CBT. The treatment is illustrated in the case of Allison, a 16-year-old female presenting with major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder. A case formulation guided the selection, sequencing, and pacing of modules targeting predisposing, precipitating, perpetuating, and protective factors. Treatment comprised 16 sessions with Allison (interventions addressing depression, anxiety, and school attendance) and 15 concurrent sessions with her mother (strategies to facilitate an adolescent's school attendance), including two sessions with Allison and mother together (family communication and problem solving to reduce parent-adolescent conflict). Two treatment-related consultations were also conducted with Allison's homeroom teacher. Allison's school attendance improved during the course of treatment. By post-treatment, there was a decrease in internalizing behavior, an increase in self-efficacy, and remission of depressive disorder and anxiety disorder. Clinically significant treatment gains were maintained at 2-month follow-up. Factors influencing outcome may include those inherent to the @school program together with less specific factors. Special consideration is given to parents' use of both authoritative and autonomy-granting approaches when helping an adolescent to attend school.
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Abdollahi A, Talib MA, Yaacob SN, Ismail Z. Problem-solving skills appraisal mediates hardiness and suicidal ideation among malaysian undergraduate students. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0122222. [PMID: 25830229 PMCID: PMC4382337 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Recent evidence suggests that suicidal ideation is increased among university students, it is essential to increase our knowledge concerning the etiology of suicidal ideation among university students. This study was conducted to examine the relationships between problem-solving skills appraisal, hardiness, and suicidal ideation among university students. In addition, this study was conducted to examine problem-solving skills appraisal (including the three components of problem-solving confidence, approach-avoidance style, and personal control of emotion) as a potential mediator between hardiness and suicidal ideation. METHODS The participants consisted of 500 undergraduate students from Malaysian public universities. RESULTS Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) estimated that undergraduate students with lower hardiness, poor problem-solving confidence, external personal control of emotion, and avoiding style was associated with higher suicidal ideation. Problem-solving skills appraisal (including the three components of problem-solving confidence, approach-avoidance style, and personal control of emotion) partially mediated the relationship between hardiness and suicidal ideation. CONCLUSION These findings underline the importance of studying mediating processes that explain how hardiness affects suicidal ideation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Abdollahi
- Faculty of Human Ecology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mansor Abu Talib
- Faculty of Human Ecology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Siti Nor Yaacob
- Family, Adolescent and Child Research Center of Excellent (FACE), Faculty of Human Ecology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zanariah Ismail
- Faculty of Human Ecology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
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Abdollahi A, Abu Talib M. Hardiness, spirituality, and suicidal ideation among individuals with substance abuse: the moderating role of gender and marital status. J Dual Diagn 2015; 11:12-21. [PMID: 25415536 DOI: 10.1080/15504263.2014.988558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Substance abuse is a serious and major public health problem in Iran and potentially increases the risk of suicidal behavior; therefore, it is essential to increase our knowledge concerning the etiology of suicide among individuals with substance use disorders. The present study sought to examine the associations among hardiness, spirituality, and suicidal ideation in Iranian individuals with substance abuse. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2012, and participants comprised 450 individuals seeking substance abuse treatment at 10 addiction treatment centers in Tehran, Iran. All data were collected via self-report questionnaires. RESULTS Sixty-seven percent of participants were male, 47% were married, and 59% were working. Structural equation modeling (SEM) suggested that, as expected, spirituality and hardiness were positively associated with each other. Findings also showed that spirituality and hardiness were negatively associated with suicidal ideation among this group of individuals with substance abuse, explaining 46% of the variance in suicidal ideation. That is, those with low levels of spirituality and low levels of hardiness were more likely to report suicidal ideation. There was a moderating effect of gender, such that greater hardiness predicted a lower likelihood of suicidal ideation for males but not for females. CONCLUSIONS These findings reinforce the importance of spirituality and hardiness as protective factors against suicidal ideation in individuals with substance abuse, as well as the particular role of hardiness for men.
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Abstract
Suicide is a public health problem affecting people across the lifespan. It is currently the 10th leading cause of death, with rates having remained relatively flat for the past century. This article summarizes the problem of suicide and suicidal behavior along with suicide prevention efforts in the United States. Part 1 provides an overview of the epidemiology of suicide, including groups most at risk of suicide and suicidal behavior. Part 2 provides a review of common risk factors, organized by developmental life stage. A brief discussion of the lesser well-researched area of protective factors follows. Part 3 provides an overview of suicide prevention today, including the major types of prevention strategies, their successes, including means restriction, quality improvement in behavioral services, and comprehensive programs; and limitations to date, such as a lack of evidence for impact on actual deaths or behavior, small sample sizes, and low base rates. Finally, part 4 discusses challenges and future directions with an eye toward the great many opportunities that exist for prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah M Stone
- Division of Violence Prevention (DVP), National Center for Injury Prevention and Control (NCIPC), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Alex E Crosby
- Division of Violence Prevention (DVP), National Center for Injury Prevention and Control (NCIPC), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia
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Abdollahi A, Abu Talib M, Yaacob SN, Ismail Z. The Role of Hardiness in Decreasing Stress and Suicidal Ideation in a Sample of Undergraduate Students. JOURNAL OF HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGY 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/0022167814543952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Suicide is a serious and growing public health problem, and it remains a serious cause of death in the world; therefore, it is essential to increase our knowledge concerning the etiology of suicide among undergraduate students. Previous studies have shown that perceived stress increases vulnerability to suicidal ideation. However, factors that may explain the association have not been studied empirically. A cross-sectional study was conducted to examine hardiness as a potential mediator between perceived stress and suicidal ideation among undergraduate students. The participants comprised 500 undergraduate students from Malaysian public universities. They completed the Personal Views Survey, Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation, and the Perceived Stress Scale. Structural equation modeling estimated that undergraduate students with low levels of hardiness were more likely to report suicidal ideation. As expected, hardiness partially mediated between perceived stress and suicidal ideation. Our findings demonstrated that lower hardiness and greater perceived stress significantly predicted suicidal ideation among undergraduate students. These findings reinforce the importance of hardiness as a protective and predictive factor against perceived stress and suicidal ideation among undergraduate students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Abdollahi
- Faculty of Human Ecology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mansor Abu Talib
- Faculty of Human Ecology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Siti Nor Yaacob
- Family, Adolescent and Child Research Center of Excellent (FACE), Faculty of Human Ecology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zanariah Ismail
- Faculty of Human Ecology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
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Sheets E, Kraines M. Personality Disorder Traits as a Moderator of Poor Social Problem-Solving Skills and Depressive Symptoms. JOURNAL OF INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2014. [DOI: 10.1027/1614-0001/a000132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This investigation examined whether Cluster B and Cluster C personality disorder symptoms moderate the relationship between social problem-solving skills and depressive symptoms. Participants were 102 young adults, assessed for personality disorder traits and depressive symptoms. Participants completed a novel performance-based assessment and a self-report measure of social problem-solving skills. Multiple regression models indicated that at moderate to lower levels of personality pathology, social problem-solving deficits were associated with depressive symptoms, whereas at higher levels of personality pathology there was not a similar relationship. These findings highlight the importance of both social problem-solving approaches and personality characteristics in understanding the complex network of risk factors for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Sheets
- Department of Psychology, Colby College, Waterville, ME, USA
| | - Morganne Kraines
- Department of Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
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Dietz LJ, Marshal MP, Burton CM, Bridge JA, Birmaher B, Kolko D, Duffy JN, Brent DA. Social problem solving among depressed adolescents is enhanced by structured psychotherapies. J Consult Clin Psychol 2014; 82:202-11. [PMID: 24491077 DOI: 10.1037/a0035718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Changes in adolescent interpersonal behavior before and after an acute course of psychotherapy were investigated as outcomes and mediators of remission status in a previously described treatment study of depressed adolescents. Maternal depressive symptoms were examined as moderators of the association between psychotherapy condition and changes in adolescents' interpersonal behavior. METHOD Adolescents (n = 63, mean age = 15.6 years, 77.8% female, 84.1% White) engaged in videotaped interactions with their mothers before randomization to cognitive behavior therapy (CBT), systemic behavior family therapy (SBFT), or nondirective supportive therapy (NST) and after 12-16 weeks of treatment. Adolescent involvement, problem solving, and dyadic conflict were examined. RESULTS Improvements in adolescent problem solving were significantly associated with CBT and SBFT. Maternal depressive symptoms moderated the effect of CBT, but not SBFT, on adolescents' problem solving; adolescents experienced increases in problem solving only when their mothers had low or moderate levels of depressive symptoms. Improvements in adolescents' problem solving were associated with higher rates of remission across treatment conditions, but there were no significant indirect effects of SBFT on remission status through problem solving. Exploratory analyses revealed a significant indirect effect of CBT on remission status through changes in adolescent problem solving, but only when maternal depressive symptoms at study entry were low. CONCLUSIONS Findings provide preliminary support for problem solving as an active treatment component of structured psychotherapies for depressed adolescents and suggest one pathway by which maternal depression may disrupt treatment efficacy for depressed adolescents treated with CBT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura J Dietz
- Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh
| | | | - Chad M Burton
- Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh
| | | | - Boris Birmaher
- Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh
| | - David Kolko
- Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh
| | | | - David A Brent
- Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh
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Lau Y. Factors affecting the social problem-solving ability of baccalaureate nursing students. NURSE EDUCATION TODAY 2014; 34:121-126. [PMID: 23141038 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2012.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2012] [Revised: 10/10/2012] [Accepted: 10/17/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The hospital environment is characterized by time pressure, uncertain information, conflicting goals, high stakes, stress, and dynamic conditions. These demands mean there is a need for nurses with social problem-solving skills. This study set out to (1) investigate the social problem-solving ability of Chinese baccalaureate nursing students in Macao and (2) identify the association between communication skill, clinical interaction, interpersonal dysfunction, and social problem-solving ability. All nursing students were recruited in one public institute through the census method. The research design was exploratory, cross-sectional, and quantitative. The study used the Chinese version of the Social Problem Solving Inventory short form (C-SPSI-R), Communication Ability Scale (CAS), Clinical Interactive Scale (CIS), and Interpersonal Dysfunction Checklist (IDC). Macao nursing students were more likely to use the two constructive or adaptive dimensions rather than the three dysfunctional dimensions of the C-SPSI-R to solve their problems. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that communication ability (ß=.305, p<.0001), clinical interaction (ß=.129, p=.047), and interpersonal dysfunction (ß=-.402, p<.0001) were associated with social problem-solving after controlling for covariates. Macao has had no problem-solving training in its educational curriculum; an effective problem-solving training should be implemented as part of the curriculum. With so many changes in healthcare today, nurses must be good social problem-solvers in order to deliver holistic care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Lau
- School of Health Sciences, Macao Polytechnic Institute, Macao Special Administrative Region (SAR), China.
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