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Grigorescu RR, Husar-Sburlan IA, Gheorghe C. Pancreatic Cancer: A Review of Risk Factors. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:980. [PMID: 39202722 PMCID: PMC11355429 DOI: 10.3390/life14080980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is one of the most lethal types of gastrointestinal cancer despite the latest medical advances. Its incidence has continuously increased in recent years in developed countries. The location of the pancreas can result in the initial symptoms of neoplasia being overlooked, which can lead to a delayed diagnosis and a subsequent reduction in the spectrum of available therapeutic options. The role of modifiable risk factors in pancreatic cancer has been extensively studied in recent years, with smoking and alcohol consumption identified as key contributors. However, the few screening programs that have been developed focus exclusively on genetic factors, without considering the potential impact of modifiable factors on disease occurrence. Thus, fully understanding and detecting the risk factors for pancreatic cancer represents an important step in the prevention and early diagnosis of this type of neoplasia. This review reports the available evidence on different risk factors and identifies the areas that could benefit the most from additional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raluca Roxana Grigorescu
- Gastroenterology Department, “Sfanta Maria” Hospital, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Cristian Gheorghe
- Center for Digestive Disease and Liver Transplantation, Fundeni Clinical Institute, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
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2
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Mukhtar S, Moradi A, Kodali A, Okoye C, Klein D, Mohamoud I, Olanisa OO, Parab P, Chaudhary P, Hamid P. On the Menu: Analyzing the Macronutrients, Micronutrients, Beverages, Dietary Patterns, and Pancreatic Cancer Risk. Cureus 2023; 15:e45259. [PMID: 37842365 PMCID: PMC10576649 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.45259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
This narrative review summarizes the principal findings of observational studies, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses on diet and dietary patterns' role in the risk of pancreatic cancer. Etiologically pancreatic cancer is multifactorial. Evidence exists of an association between nutrients, dietary patterns, and pancreatic cancer. An extensive literature search was conducted on PubMed, Cochrane, and Google Scholar. A thorough search of articles published in English till May 2023 and related to the review was performed. The relationship between all macronutrients, micronutrients, and various dietary patterns with the risk of pancreatic cancer was assessed. It is concluded that a diet high in nutrients like red and processed meat, refined sugars, saturated and monounsaturated fats, alcohol, copper, and a Western dietary pattern can increase the likelihood of pancreatic cancer. Contrary to this, a diet consisting of fruits, vegetables, appropriate quantities of vitamins and minerals, and a Mediterranean dietary pattern is associated with a decreased risk of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Mukhtar
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Ali Moradi
- Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, HUN
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Athri Kodali
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Chiugo Okoye
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Dhadon Klein
- Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Iman Mohamoud
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Olawale O Olanisa
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Panah Parab
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Priti Chaudhary
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Pousette Hamid
- Neurology, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
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3
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Qin X, Chen J, Jia G, Yang Z. Dietary Factors and Pancreatic Cancer Risk: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses of Prospective Observational Studies. Adv Nutr 2023; 14:451-464. [PMID: 36849084 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2023.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary factors may be associated with the occurrence of pancreatic cancer. This umbrella review aimed to review and grade the evidence for the associations between dietary factors and pancreatic cancer risk. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and CINAHL for eligible literature. We included meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or prospective observational studies. We used AMSTAR-2, a measurement tool to assess systematic reviews, to evaluate the methodological quality of the included meta-analyses. For each association, we calculated the summary effect size, 95% CI, heterogeneity, number of cases, 95% prediction interval, small-study effect, and excess significance bias. The protocol for this review was registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42022333669). We included 41 meta-analyses of prospective observational studies describing 59 associations between dietary factors and pancreatic cancer risk. None of the retrieved meta-analyses included RCTs. No association was supported by convincing or highly suggestive evidence; however, there was suggestive evidence of a positive association between fructose intake and pancreatic cancer risk. There was weak evidence for an inverse association of nuts intake or adherence to the Mediterranean diet with pancreatic cancer incidence, and for positive associations between a higher intake of red meat or heavy alcohol intake and pancreatic cancer incidence. The remaining 54 associations were nonsignificant. Consistent with the American Institute for Cancer Research review, this umbrella review found that regular consumption of nuts and reduced intake of fructose, red meat, and alcohol were associated with a lower risk of pancreatic cancer. Emerging weak evidence supported an inverse association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and pancreatic cancer risk. As some associations were rated as weak and most were considered nonsignificant, further prospective studies are needed to investigate the role of dietary factors and risk of pancreatic cancer. Adv Nutr 2023;xx:xx-xx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianpeng Qin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Guiqing Jia
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhou Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
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4
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Gianfredi V, Ferrara P, Dinu M, Nardi M, Nucci D. Diets, Dietary Patterns, Single Foods and Pancreatic Cancer Risk: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14787. [PMID: 36429506 PMCID: PMC9691178 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192214787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) represents the third leading cause of cancer death in 2020. Despite the fact that, in 2018, the World Cancer Research Fund report concluded that there is still a lack of evidence on the role of foods or diets and risk for PC, a flourishing body of evidence has been published and needs to be analyzed. For this reason, we conducted an umbrella review on the association between different dietary patterns/food components and PC. Data sources PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Collaboration were searched. The Joanna Briggs Institute Umbrella Review Methodology was used. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO. A total of 23 articles were included, covering a wide range of dietary patterns/food components: healthy/prudent dietary patterns (n = 4), Mediterranean diets (MedDiet) (n = 1), plant-based diets (n = 2), the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) (n = 2), western diets (n = 2), and, lastly, unhealthy diets (n = 2). Regarding dietary components, the following were assessed: total fruit (n = 2), citrus fruit (n = 1), total vegetables (n = 2), cruciferous vegetables (n = 1), red meat (n = 6), processed meat (n = 4), poultry (n = 2), eggs (n = 1), fish (n = 5), whole grain (n = 2), potato (n = 1), and nuts (n = 2). The methodological quality of the included meta-analyses was generally low or critically low. Although the strength of evidence was generally weak, convincing or suggestive evidence was found for a healthy/prudent, plant-based diet, fruit and vegetables, and lower risk of PC, whereas a high intake of red meat was associated with a higher risk of PC at a convincing level of evidence. Further studies are needed to confirm the role of the other dietary patterns/food components and the risk of PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenza Gianfredi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via Pascal, 36, 20133 Milan, Italy
- CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Pietro Ferrara
- Center for Public Health Research, University of Milan-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
- IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20145 Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Dinu
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Nardi
- Nutritional Support Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Via Gattamelata, 64, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Daniele Nucci
- Nutritional Support Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Via Gattamelata, 64, 35128 Padua, Italy
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5
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Connolly G, Clark CM, Campbell RE, Byers AW, Reed JB, Campbell WW. Poultry Consumption and Human Health: How Much Is Really Known? A Systematically Searched Scoping Review and Research Perspective. Adv Nutr 2022; 13:2115-2124. [PMID: 36351778 PMCID: PMC9776623 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmac074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This scoping review was conducted to systematically search and chronicle scientific literature pertinent to poultry intake and human health. The protocol (uploaded to Open Science Framework, https://osf.io/2k7bj/) was conducted in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews guidelines. Articles with observational and experimental research, narrative and systematic reviews, and meta-analyses were included. Among 13,141 articles identified, 525 met inclusion criteria. Among these 525 articles, 212 focused on cancer morbidity and mortality; 41 on cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality; 52 on CVD risk factors; 32 on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) morbidity and mortality; 33 on T2DM risk factors; and 42 on body weight and body composition. An "Other" category (181 articles) included nutrient status, psychological well-being/mental health, cognition, microbiome, chronic kidney disease, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, skin disorders, and fertility, among others. Among the 525 included articles, 366 were observational, 64 were experimental, and 76 were reviews and meta-analyses. Eighty-three percent of articles focused on adults or older adults. A paucity of research exists to support poultry as health-promoting foods, with most research only indirectly assessing poultry intake compared with other foods of interest (e.g., red meats or plant-based protein foods). No randomized controlled trials and only 1% of OBS assessed the influence of processed poultry intake on human health. In the future, the relative health effects of consuming poultry will be compared with a widening array of traditional and new protein-rich food products, necessitating the need for research to assess poultry as foods of choice. Science and health professionals, the poultry industry, and the public will benefit from new observational and experimental research to address cutting-edge scientific, public policy, and consumer topics pertinent to poultry intake and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin Connolly
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Caroline M Clark
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | | | - Adam W Byers
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Jason B Reed
- Libraries and School of Information Studies, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Wayne W Campbell
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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6
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Dairy intake and the risk of pancreatic cancer: the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study (JACC Study) and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Br J Nutr 2022; 128:1147-1155. [PMID: 34666857 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114521004232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Dairy product intake was suggested to reduce the risk of gastrointestinal cancers. This study investigated the association between dairy product intake and the risk of pancreatic cancer (PAC) using a prospective cohort study and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. First, we included 59 774 people aged 40-79 years from the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study (JACC Study). The Cox regression was used to compute the hazard ratios (HR) and 95 % CI of incident PAC for individuals who reported the highest intakes of milk, cheese and yogurt compared with not consuming the corresponding dairy products. Then, we combined our results with those from other four prospective cohort studies that were eligible after searching several databases, in a meta-analysis, using the fixed-effects model before evaluating publication bias and heterogeneity across studies. In the JACC Study, the highest v. no intakes of milk, cheese and yogurt were not associated with the reduced risk of PAC after a median follow-up of 13·4 years: HR (95 % CI) = 0·93 (0·64, 1·33), 0·91 (0·51, 1·62) and 0·68 (0·38, 1·21), respectively. The results did not significantly change in the meta-analysis: 0·95 (0·82, 1·11) for milk, 1·16 (0·87, 1·55) for cheese and 0·91 (0·79, 1·05) for yogurt. The meta-analysis showed no signs of publication bias or heterogeneity across studies. To conclude, consumption of milk, cheese and yogurt was not associated with the risk of PAC either in the JACC Study or the meta-analysis.
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7
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Zhang CY, Liu S, Yang M. Crosstalk between gut microbiota and COVID-19 impacts pancreatic cancer progression. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2022; 14:1456-1468. [PMID: 36160747 PMCID: PMC9412935 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v14.i8.1456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-associated death worldwide, with a low rate of 5-year survival. Currently, the pathogenesis of PC is complicated, with no efficient therapy. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 further exacerbates the challenge of patients with PC. The alteration of gut microbiota caused by COVID-19 infection may impact PC progression in patients via immune regulation. The expression of inflammatory immune mediators such as interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and IL-10 has been found to increase in both PC and COVID-19 patients, which is associated with the disease severity and prognostic outcome. Gut microbiome serves as a critical connector between viral infection and PC. It can regulate host systemic immune response and impact the efficacy of immunotherapy. Here, we first demonstrated the features of inflammatory cytokines in both diseases and their impact on disease outcomes. Then, we demonstrated the importance of immunotherapeutic strategies. This includes the immune modulation that targets a single or dual receptors using a single agent or their combinations for the treatment of PC in patients who get infected with COVID-19. Additionally, we explored the possibility of managing the disease by regulating gut microbiome. Overall, modulation of the lung-gut-pancreases axis can boost anti-cancer immunotherapy and reduce adverse prognostic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ye Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States
| | - Shuai Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States
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Jurek J, Owczarek M, Godos J, La Vignera S, Condorelli RA, Marventano S, Tieri M, Ghelfi F, Titta L, Lafranconi A, Gambera A, Alonzo E, Sciacca S, Buscemi S, Ray S, Del Rio D, Galvano F, Grosso G. Fish and human health: an umbrella review of observational studies. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2022; 73:851-860. [PMID: 35758202 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2022.2090520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Fish represents one of the most important dietary sources of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, which are known to be associated with various health benefits. This study aimed to systematically review existing meta-analyses of observational studies exploring the association between fish intake and various health outcomes. A systematic search of electronic databases was conducted to retrieve a total of 63 studies. Evidence was deemed as possible for the association between higher fish intake and decreased risk of the acute coronary syndrome, liver cancer, and depression, and limited for other outcomes (including age-related macular degeneration, Alzheimer's disease, heart failure, all-cause and coronary heart disease mortality, total and ischaemic stroke) due to heterogeneity between results and potential otherwise inexplicable confounding factors. In conclusion, results from epidemiological studies support the mechanistic effects associated with omega-3 fatty acids from high fish consumption, but evidence needs to be further corroborated with more reliable results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Jurek
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Justyna Godos
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Sandro La Vignera
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Rosita A Condorelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Stefano Marventano
- Rimini Women's Health, Childhood and Adolescent Department, AUSL Romagna, Rimini, Italy
| | - Maria Tieri
- SmartFood Program, Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Ghelfi
- Fondazione De Marchi-Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,NNEdPro Global Centre for Nutrition and Health, St John's Innovation Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lucilla Titta
- SmartFood Program, Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Lafranconi
- Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Faculty of Health Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Angelo Gambera
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele, Catania, Italy
| | - Elena Alonzo
- Food and Nutrition Security and Public Health Service, ASP Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Silvio Buscemi
- Biomedical Department of Internal and Specialist Medicine (DIBIMIS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Sumantra Ray
- NNEdPro Global Centre for Nutrition and Health, St John's Innovation Centre, Cambridge, UK.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Ulster, UK.,School of the Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Daniele Del Rio
- NNEdPro Global Centre for Nutrition and Health, St John's Innovation Centre, Cambridge, UK.,Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.,School of Advanced Studies on Food and Nutrition, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Fabio Galvano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Grosso
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.,NNEdPro Global Centre for Nutrition and Health, St John's Innovation Centre, Cambridge, UK
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9
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Grosso G, La Vignera S, Condorelli RA, Godos J, Marventano S, Tieri M, Ghelfi F, Titta L, Lafranconi A, Gambera A, Alonzo E, Sciacca S, Buscemi S, Ray S, Del Rio D, Galvano F. Total, red and processed meat consumption and human health: an umbrella review of observational studies. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2022; 73:726-737. [PMID: 35291893 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2022.2050996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Meat consumption has represented an important evolutionary step for humans. However, modern patterns of consumption, including excess intake, type of meat and cooking method have been the focus of attention as a potential cause of rise in non-communicable diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between total, red and processed meat with health outcomes and to assess the level of evidence by performing a systematic search of meta-analyses of prospective cohort studies. Convincing evidence of the association between increased risk of (i) colorectal adenoma, lung cancer, CHD and stroke, (ii) colorectal adenoma, ovarian, prostate, renal and stomach cancers, CHD and stroke and (iii) colon and bladder cancer was found for excess intake of total, red and processed meat, respectively. Possible negative associations with other health outcomes have been reported. Excess meat consumption may be detrimental to health, with a major impact on cardiometabolic and cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Grosso
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.,NNEdPro Global Centre for Nutrition and Health, St John's Innovation Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sandro La Vignera
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Rosita A Condorelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Justyna Godos
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Stefano Marventano
- Childhood and Adolescent Department, Rimini Women's Health, AUSL Romagna, Rimini, Italy
| | - Maria Tieri
- Department of Experimental Oncology, SmartFood Program, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Ghelfi
- NNEdPro Global Centre for Nutrition and Health, St John's Innovation Centre, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione De Marchi, IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Lucilla Titta
- Department of Experimental Oncology, SmartFood Program, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Lafranconi
- University of Milano, Milan, Italy.,Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Angelo Gambera
- Azienda Ospedaliero, Universitaria Policlinico, Vittorio Emanuele, Catania, Italy
| | - Elena Alonzo
- Food and Nutrition Security and Public Health Service, ASP Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Silvio Buscemi
- Biomedical Department of Internal and Specialist Medicine (DIBIMIS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Sumantra Ray
- NNEdPro Global Centre for Nutrition and Health, St John's Innovation Centre, Cambridge, UK.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Ulster, UK.,School of the Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Daniele Del Rio
- NNEdPro Global Centre for Nutrition and Health, St John's Innovation Centre, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Food and Drug, Human Nutrition Unit, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.,School of Advanced Studies on Food and Nutrition, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Fabio Galvano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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10
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Nam SY, Jo J, Lee WK, Cho CM. The sex discrepancy effects of fruit and vegetable intake on pancreatic cancer risk; a large Korean cancer screening cohort study. Dig Liver Dis 2022; 54:365-370. [PMID: 34429267 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2021.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although several risk factors have been identified for the development of pancreatic cancer, the effects of fruit and vegetables on the disease remains controversial. METHODS Individuals without cancer at baseline, who underwent national health examinations during 2008, were enrolled and followed-up to 2017. Vegetable intake was measured by assessing the intake of daily vegetables (types). Fruit intake was also assessed on a weekly basis. We evaluated the risk of pancreatic cancer using adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). RESULTS Of 3,605,959 individuals (44% men), pancreatic cancer occurred in 10,469 subjects (5,384 men) during the 9 year follow-up. In adjusted analyses, the daily intake of more than five vegetable types reduced pancreatic cancer compared to no vegetable intake (aHR = 0.82; 95% CI, 0.71-0.94). Using sex-specific analyses, vegetable intake markedly reduced pancreatic cancer in women (aHR = 0.84 for 1-2 vegetable types, 0.84 for 3-4 and 0.69 for ≥ 5), but no effects were observed in men. Sex-specific analyses revealed that fruit intake reduced pancreatic cancer in men (aHR = 0.87 for 3-4 servings/week, and 0.84 for ≥ 7), but no effects were observed in women. CONCLUSIONS High intakes of dietary vegetables and fruit reduce pancreatic cancer development in women and men, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Youn Nam
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Junwoo Jo
- Department of Statistics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Kee Lee
- Biostatistics, Medial Research Collaboration Center, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Min Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Center for Pancreatobiliary Tumors, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, 807 Hoguk-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41404, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Alhobayb T, Peravali R, Ashkar M. The Relationship between Acute and Chronic Pancreatitis with Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma: Review. Diseases 2021; 9:diseases9040093. [PMID: 34940031 PMCID: PMC8700754 DOI: 10.3390/diseases9040093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal disease with poor prognosis, leading to significant cancer-related mortality and an overall five-year survival rate of about nine percent. Acute and chronic pancreatitis have been associated with PDAC through common risk factors based on multiple epidemiological studies. Acute pancreatitis (AP) might be one of the earliest manifestations of PDAC, but evolving chronic pancreatitis (CP) following recurrent bouts of AP has been proposed as a risk factor for cancer development in the setting of persistent inflammation and ongoing exposure to carcinogens. This review aims to highlight the evidence supporting the relationship between acute and chronic pancreatitis with PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Alhobayb
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA;
| | - Rahul Peravali
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA;
| | - Motaz Ashkar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA;
- Correspondence:
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12
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Ranganath R, Chu Q. Global trends in pancreas cancer among Asia-Pacific population. J Gastrointest Oncol 2021; 12:S374-S386. [PMID: 34422401 DOI: 10.21037/jgo-20-118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of pancreatic cancer is rising. Understanding trends of pancreatic cancer is crucial prior to putting policies and interventions in place. Countries with a high human development index (HDI) have a higher incidence, prevalence and mortality due to pancreatic cancer. This global trend is replicated in the Asia-Pacific countries with high HDI having higher incidence, prevalence and mortality due to pancreatic cancer. The incidence of pancreatic cancer is rising in the Asia-Pacific population as life expectancy increases with a rising HDI. Lack of good cancer registries has resulted in under reporting of pancreatic cancer in developing countries in the Asia-Pacific region. The mortality still remains high as in the Western world as most pancreatic cancers are diagnosed in an advanced stage of the disease due to non-availability of cost-effective screening tools with few patients receiving definitive care. Smoking, alcohol consumption, poor diet and obesity are significant modifiable risk factors contributing to the development of pancreatic cancer. Population based screening for pancreatic cancer is not cost-effective. Identification of hereditary and genetic factors in the Asia-Pacific population can help in targeted screening of high-risk individuals. Policies and interventions aimed at primary prevention have the greatest potential to be cost-effective yet impactful and reduce the disease burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Ranganath
- Department of Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Quyen Chu
- Department of Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
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13
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Nadeem HR, Akhtar S, Ismail T, Sestili P, Lorenzo JM, Ranjha MMAN, Jooste L, Hano C, Aadil RM. Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines in Meat: Formation, Isolation, Risk Assessment, and Inhibitory Effect of Plant Extracts. Foods 2021; 10:foods10071466. [PMID: 34202792 PMCID: PMC8307633 DOI: 10.3390/foods10071466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAAs) are potent carcinogenic compounds induced by the Maillard reaction in well-done cooked meats. Free amino acids, protein, creatinine, reducing sugars and nucleosides are major precursors involved in the production of polar and non-polar HAAs. The variety and yield of HAAs are linked with various factors such as meat type, heating time and temperature, cooking method and equipment, fresh meat storage time, raw material and additives, precursor’s presence, water activity, and pH level. For the isolation and identification of HAAs, advanced chromatography and spectroscopy techniques have been employed. These potent mutagens are the etiology of several types of human cancers at the ng/g level and are 100- to 2000-fold stronger than that of aflatoxins and benzopyrene, respectively. This review summarizes previous studies on the formation and types of potent mutagenic and/or carcinogenic HAAs in cooked meats. Furthermore, occurrence, risk assessment, and factors affecting HAA formation are discussed in detail. Additionally, sample extraction procedure and quantification techniques to determine these compounds are analyzed and described. Finally, an overview is presented on the promising strategy to mitigate the risk of HAAs by natural compounds and the effect of plant extracts containing antioxidants to reduce or inhibit the formation of these carcinogenic substances in cooked meats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafiz Rehan Nadeem
- Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan; (H.R.N.); (T.I.)
| | - Saeed Akhtar
- Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan; (H.R.N.); (T.I.)
- Correspondence: (S.A.); (J.M.L.); (M.M.A.N.R.); (R.M.A.)
| | - Tariq Ismail
- Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan; (H.R.N.); (T.I.)
| | - Piero Sestili
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, PU, Italy;
| | - Jose Manuel Lorenzo
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Rúa Galicia Nº 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain
- Área de Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias de Ourense, Universidad de Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain
- Correspondence: (S.A.); (J.M.L.); (M.M.A.N.R.); (R.M.A.)
| | - Muhammad Modassar Ali Nawaz Ranjha
- Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (S.A.); (J.M.L.); (M.M.A.N.R.); (R.M.A.)
| | - Leonie Jooste
- Environmental Health Sciences, Faculty of Communication, Arts and Sciences, Canadian University Dubai, Dubai 117781, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Christophe Hano
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), INRA USC1328 Université ď Orléans, CEDEX 2, 45067 Orléans, France;
| | - Rana Muhammad Aadil
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (S.A.); (J.M.L.); (M.M.A.N.R.); (R.M.A.)
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14
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Gupta N, Yelamanchi R. Pancreatic adenocarcinoma: A review of recent paradigms and advances in epidemiology, clinical diagnosis and management. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:3158-3181. [PMID: 34163104 PMCID: PMC8218366 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i23.3158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the dreaded malignancies for both the patient and the clinician. The five-year survival rate of pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDA) is as low as 2% despite multimodality treatment even in the best hands. As per the Global Cancer Observatory of the International Agency for Research in Cancer estimates of pancreatic cancer, by 2040, a 61.7% increase is expected in the total number of cases globally. With the widespread availability of next-generation sequencing, the entire genome of the tumors is being sequenced regularly, providing insight into their pathogenesis. As invasive PDA arises from pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia and mucinous neoplasm and intraductal papillary neoplasm, screening for them can be beneficial as the disease is curable with resection at an early stage. Routine preoperative biliary drainage has no role in patients suffering from PDA with obstructive jaundice. If performed, metallic stents are preferred over plastic ones. Minimally invasive procedures are preferred to open procedures as they have less morbidity. The duct-to-mucosa technique for pancreaticojejunostomy is presently widely practiced. The role of intraperitoneal drains after surgery for PDA is controversial. Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy has been proven to have a significant role both in locally advanced as well as in resectable PDA. Many new regimens and drugs have been added in the arsenal of chemoradiotherapy for metastatic disease. The roles of immunotherapy and gene therapy in PDA are being investigated. This review article is intended to improve the understanding of the readers with respect to the latest updates of PDA, which may help to trigger new research ideas and make better management decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Gupta
- Department of Surgery, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences and Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, Delhi 110001, India
| | - Raghav Yelamanchi
- Department of Surgery, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences and Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, Delhi 110001, India
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15
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Spagnuolo R, Abenavoli L, Larussa T, Iannelli C, Pellicano R, Fagoonee S, Doldo P, Luzza F. Safety profile of intravenous iron in inflammatory bowel disease: an up-to-date overview. Minerva Gastroenterol (Torino) 2020; 68:111-118. [PMID: 33267572 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-5985.20.02819-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Up to 30-70% of patients may experience mild and moderate side effects during iron therapy and this is often associated with a poor adherence to therapy. Anemia is frequent in patients with active inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), due to both iron deficiency and chronic inflammation, therefore iron supplementation is frequently needed. Considering that gastrointestinal disorders are the most common side effects with oral iron, in IBD patients intravenous administration must be preferred. Although intravenous iron supplementation remains the most effective therapy of IBD-associated iron deficiency anemia, the perception of risk related to intravenous administration by clinicians could limit this successful strategy. In this narrative review we provided an up to date on the safety of the different iron formulations for intravenous administration, by reporting the most recent studies in IBD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocco Spagnuolo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, "Magna Graecia" University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Ludovico Abenavoli
- Department of Health Sciences, "Magna Graecia" University, Catanzaro, Italy -
| | - Tiziana Larussa
- Department of Health Sciences, "Magna Graecia" University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Chiara Iannelli
- Department of Health Sciences, "Magna Graecia" University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Rinaldo Pellicano
- Unit of Gastroenterology, Molinette Hospital, Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Sharmila Fagoonee
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging, National Research Council, Molecular Biotechnology Center, Turin, Italy
| | - Patrizia Doldo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, "Magna Graecia" University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesco Luzza
- Department of Health Sciences, "Magna Graecia" University, Catanzaro, Italy
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16
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Hsu MY, Mina E, Roetto A, Porporato PE. Iron: An Essential Element of Cancer Metabolism. Cells 2020; 9:cells9122591. [PMID: 33287315 PMCID: PMC7761773 DOI: 10.3390/cells9122591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells undergo considerable metabolic changes to foster uncontrolled proliferation in a hostile environment characterized by nutrient deprivation, poor vascularization and immune infiltration. While metabolic reprogramming has been recognized as a hallmark of cancer, the role of micronutrients in shaping these adaptations remains scarcely investigated. In particular, the broad electron-transferring abilities of iron make it a versatile cofactor that is involved in a myriad of biochemical reactions vital to cellular homeostasis, including cell respiration and DNA replication. In cancer patients, systemic iron metabolism is commonly altered. Moreover, cancer cells deploy diverse mechanisms to increase iron bioavailability to fuel tumor growth. Although iron itself can readily participate in redox reactions enabling vital processes, its reactivity also gives rise to reactive oxygen species (ROS). Hence, cancer cells further rely on antioxidant mechanisms to withstand such stress. The present review provides an overview of the common alterations of iron metabolism occurring in cancer and the mechanisms through which iron promotes tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Y. Hsu
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy; (M.Y.H.); (E.M.)
| | - Erica Mina
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy; (M.Y.H.); (E.M.)
| | - Antonella Roetto
- Department of Clinical and Biological Science, University of Turin, AOU San Luigi Gonzaga, 10043 Orbassano, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.R.); (P.E.P.)
| | - Paolo E. Porporato
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy; (M.Y.H.); (E.M.)
- Correspondence: (A.R.); (P.E.P.)
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17
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Preventive potential and mechanism of dietary polyphenols on the formation of heterocyclic aromatic amines. FOOD FRONTIERS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/fft2.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
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18
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Mohammadi A, Barzegar F, Kamankesh M, Mousavi Khaneghah A. Heterocyclic aromatic amines in doner kebab: Quantitation using an efficient microextraction technique coupled with reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8:88-96. [PMID: 31993135 PMCID: PMC6977492 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The safety of doner kebab as a traditional Middle East tasty food can threaten via the formation of dangerous compounds such as heterocyclic aromatic amines during heat process. In this regard, the current investigation was devoted to measuring of 4 HAAs (2-amino-3,4-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (MeIQ), 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (MeIQx), 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP), and 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ)) in doner kebab samples with an innovative microextraction technique combined with high-performance liquid chromatography. The limit of detection was in the range of 4.8 and 5.3 ng/g, while relative standard deviations were between 6.5% and 8.3%, and recoveries were calculated in the range of 89%-97%. The most and the least total mean values of HAA levels were 13.30 ng/g for MeIQx and 5.0 ng/g for IQ. The proposed method showed a high capability to extract trace amount of HAAs from a complex matrix such as doner kebab. Also, this technique is easy, high sensitive, selective, accurate and efficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdorreza Mohammadi
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyFaculty of Nutrition ScienceFood Science and Technology/National Nutrition and Food Technology Research InstituteShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- Food Safety Research CenterShahid Beheshty University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Fatemeh Barzegar
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyFaculty of Nutrition ScienceFood Science and Technology/National Nutrition and Food Technology Research InstituteShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Marzieh Kamankesh
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyFaculty of Nutrition ScienceFood Science and Technology/National Nutrition and Food Technology Research InstituteShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Amin Mousavi Khaneghah
- Department of Food ScienceFaculty of Food EngineeringUniversity of Campinas (UNICAMP)CampinasSão PauloBrazil
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19
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Marventano S, Godos J, Tieri M, Ghelfi F, Titta L, Lafranconi A, Gambera A, Alonzo E, Sciacca S, Buscemi S, Ray S, Del Rio D, Galvano F, Grosso G. Egg consumption and human health: an umbrella review of observational studies. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2019; 71:325-331. [PMID: 31379223 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2019.1648388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Egg consumption has been an area of controversy regarding its impact on human health largely due to the content in cholesterol and its potential role in cardio-metabolic outcomes. This study aimed to summarise the level of evidence of egg consumption on various health outcomes. A systematic search for meta-analyses was performed: study design, dose-response relationship, heterogeneity and agreement of results over time, and identification of potential confounding factors were considered to assess the level of evidence. Results from this umbrella review showed a substantial no association between egg consumption and a number of health outcomes, including cancer, cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. In contrast, evidence of possible beneficial effects toward stroke risk has been found. In conclusions, egg may be part of a healthy diet; however, additional studies exploring confounding factors are needed to ascertain the potential detrimental effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Marventano
- Department of Childhood and Adolescent, AUSL Romagna, Rimini Women's Health, Rimini, Italy
| | | | - Maria Tieri
- SmartFood Program, Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Ghelfi
- SmartFood Program, Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,NNEdPro Global Centre for Nutrition and Health, St John's Innovation Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lucilla Titta
- SmartFood Program, Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Lafranconi
- University of Milano - Bicocca, Milan, Italy.,Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Angelo Gambera
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele, Catania, Italy
| | - Elena Alonzo
- Food and Nutrition Security and Public Health Service, ASP Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Sciacca
- Integrated Cancer Registry of Catania-Messina-Siracusa-Enna, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele, Catania, Italy
| | - Silvio Buscemi
- Biomedical Department of Internal and Specialist Medicine (DIBIMIS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Sumantra Ray
- NNEdPro Global Centre for Nutrition and Health, St John's Innovation Centre, Cambridge, UK.,Wolfson College at the University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health, Ulster University, Belfast, UK.,Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Nutrition Research Unit, Cambridge, UK
| | - Daniele Del Rio
- NNEdPro Global Centre for Nutrition and Health, St John's Innovation Centre, Cambridge, UK.,The Laboratory of Phytochemicals in Physiology, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Fabio Galvano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Grosso
- NNEdPro Global Centre for Nutrition and Health, St John's Innovation Centre, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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20
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Tuan HN, Minh BH, Tran PT, Lee JH, Oanh HV, Ngo QMT, Nguyen YN, Lien PTK, Tran MH. The Effects of 2',4'-Dihydroxy-6'-methoxy-3',5'- dimethylchalcone from Cleistocalyx operculatus Buds on Human Pancreatic Cancer Cell Lines. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24142538. [PMID: 31336786 PMCID: PMC6680674 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24142538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
2',4'-Dihydroxy-6'-methoxy-3',5'-dimethylchalcone (DMC), a principal natural chalcone of Cleistocalyx operculatus buds, suppresses the growth of many types of cancer cells. However, the effects of this compound on pancreatic cancer cells have not been evaluated. In our experiments, we explored the effects of this chalcone on two human pancreatic cancer cell lines. A cell proliferation assay revealed that DMC exhibited concentration-dependent cytotoxicity against PANC-1 and MIA PACA2 cells, with IC50 values of 10.5 ± 0.8 and 12.2 ± 0.9 µM, respectively. Treatment of DMC led to the apoptosis of PANC-1 by caspase-3 activation as revealed by annexin-V/propidium iodide double-staining. Western blotting indicated that DMC induced proteolytic activation of caspase-3 and -9, degradation of caspase-3 substrate proteins (including poly[ADP-ribose] polymerase [PARP]), augmented bak protein level, while attenuating the expression of bcl-2 in PANC-1 cells. Taken together, our results provide experimental evidence to support that DMC may serve as a useful chemotherapeutic agent for control of human pancreatic cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huynh Nhu Tuan
- Hanoi University of Pharmacy, 13 Le Thanh Tong Street, Hoan Kiem District, Hanoi 100100, Vietnam
| | - Bui Hoang Minh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, 300C Nguyen Tat Thanh Street, District 4, Hochiminh City 72820, Vietnam
| | - Phuong Thao Tran
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-Do 24414, Korea
| | - Jeong Hyung Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-Do 24414, Korea
| | - Ha Van Oanh
- Hanoi University of Pharmacy, 13 Le Thanh Tong Street, Hoan Kiem District, Hanoi 100100, Vietnam
| | - Quynh Mai Thi Ngo
- College of Pharmacy, Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 72A Nguyen Binh Khiem, Hai Phong 180000, Vietnam
| | - Yen Nhi Nguyen
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Science, Vietnam National University Hochiminh City, 227 Nguyen Van Cu, District 5, Hochiminh City 748000, Vietnam
| | - Pham Thi Kim Lien
- Biomedical Sciences Department, Institute for Research & Executive Education (VNUK), The University of Danang, 158A Le Loi, Hai Chau District, Danang City 551000, Vietnam
| | - Manh Hung Tran
- Biomedical Sciences Department, Institute for Research & Executive Education (VNUK), The University of Danang, 158A Le Loi, Hai Chau District, Danang City 551000, Vietnam.
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21
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Wallace TC, Bailey RL, Blumberg JB, Burton-Freeman B, Chen CYO, Crowe-White KM, Drewnowski A, Hooshmand S, Johnson E, Lewis R, Murray R, Shapses SA, Wang DD. Fruits, vegetables, and health: A comprehensive narrative, umbrella review of the science and recommendations for enhanced public policy to improve intake. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2019; 60:2174-2211. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2019.1632258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Taylor C. Wallace
- Department of Nutrition and Food Studies, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, USA
- Think Healthy Group, Inc., Washington, DC, USA
| | - Regan L. Bailey
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Jeffrey B. Blumberg
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Britt Burton-Freeman
- Center for Nutrition Research, Institute for Food Safety and Health, Illinois Institute of Technology, Bedford Park, Illinois, USA
| | - C-y. Oliver Chen
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Biofortis Research, Merieux NutriSciences, Addison, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Adam Drewnowski
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Shirin Hooshmand
- School of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Elizabeth Johnson
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Richard Lewis
- Bone and Body Composition Laboratory, College of Family and Consumer Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Robert Murray
- College of Education and Human Ecology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Sue A. Shapses
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
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22
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Abstract
This review explores the multifaceted role that iron has in cancer biology. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated an association between excess iron and increased cancer incidence and risk, while experimental studies have implicated iron in cancer initiation, tumor growth, and metastasis. The roles of iron in proliferation, metabolism, and metastasis underpin the association of iron with tumor growth and progression. Cancer cells exhibit an iron-seeking phenotype achieved through dysregulation of iron metabolic proteins. These changes are mediated, at least in part, by oncogenes and tumor suppressors. The dependence of cancer cells on iron has implications in a number of cell death pathways, including ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of cell death. Uniquely, both iron excess and iron depletion can be utilized in anticancer therapies. Investigating the efficacy of these therapeutic approaches is an area of active research that promises substantial clinical impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzy V Torti
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, USA;
| | - David H Manz
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, USA; .,School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, USA
| | - Bibbin T Paul
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, USA;
| | - Nicole Blanchette-Farra
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, USA;
| | - Frank M Torti
- Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, USA
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23
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Barzegar F, Kamankesh M, Mohammadi A. Heterocyclic aromatic amines in cooked food: A review on formation, health risk-toxicology and their analytical techniques. Food Chem 2019; 280:240-254. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.12.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Revised: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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24
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Rawla P, Sunkara T, Gaduputi V. Epidemiology of Pancreatic Cancer: Global Trends, Etiology and Risk Factors. World J Oncol 2019; 10:10-27. [PMID: 30834048 PMCID: PMC6396775 DOI: 10.14740/wjon1166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1326] [Impact Index Per Article: 265.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is the seventh leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. However, its toll is higher in more developed countries. Reasons for vast differences in mortality rates of pancreatic cancer are not completely clear yet, but it may be due to lack of appropriate diagnosis, treatment and cataloging of cancer cases. Because patients seldom exhibit symptoms until an advanced stage of the disease, pancreatic cancer remains one of the most lethal malignant neoplasms that caused 432,242 new deaths in 2018 (GLOBOCAN 2018 estimates). Globally, 458,918 new cases of pancreatic cancer have been reported in 2018, and 355,317 new cases are estimated to occur until 2040. Despite advancements in the detection and management of pancreatic cancer, the 5-year survival rate still stands at 9% only. To date, the causes of pancreatic carcinoma are still insufficiently known, although certain risk factors have been identified, such as tobacco smoking, diabetes mellitus, obesity, dietary factors, alcohol abuse, age, ethnicity, family history and genetic factors, Helicobacter pylori infection, non-O blood group and chronic pancreatitis. In general population, screening of large groups is not considered useful to detect the disease at its early stage, although newer techniques and the screening of tightly targeted groups (especially of those with family history), are being evaluated. Primary prevention is considered of utmost importance. Up-to-date statistics on pancreatic cancer occurrence and outcome along with a better understanding of the etiology and identifying the causative risk factors are essential for the primary prevention of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashanth Rawla
- Department of Internal Medicine, SOVAH Health, Martinsville, VA 24112, USA
| | - Tagore Sunkara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mercy Medical Center, Des Moines, IA 50314, USA
| | - Vinaya Gaduputi
- Division of Gastroenterology, SBH Health System, Bronx, NY, USA
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25
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Angelino D, Godos J, Ghelfi F, Tieri M, Titta L, Lafranconi A, Marventano S, Alonzo E, Gambera A, Sciacca S, Buscemi S, Ray S, Galvano F, Del Rio D, Grosso G. Fruit and vegetable consumption and health outcomes: an umbrella review of observational studies. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2019; 70:652-667. [PMID: 30764679 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2019.1571021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to provide a comprehensive evaluation of current evidence on fruit and vegetable consumption and health outcomes. A systematic search for quantitative syntheses was performed. Several criteria, including study design, dose-response relationship, heterogeneity and agreement of results over time, and identification of potential confounding factors, were used to assess the level of evidence. The strongest (probable) evidence was found for cardiovascular disease protection; possible evidence for decreased risk of colon cancer, depression and pancreatic diseases was found for fruit intake; and colon and rectal cancer, hip fracture, stroke, depression and pancreatic diseases was found for vegetable intake. Suggestive and rather limited associations with other outcomes have been found. Evidence of potential confounding by sex and geographical localisation has been reported. Despite findings are consistent enough for hypothesising causation (at least for cardiovascular-related outcomes), further studies are needed to clarify the role of potential confounding factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donato Angelino
- a The Laboratory of Phytochemicals in Physiology, Department of Food and Drug , University of Parma , Parma , Italy
| | - Justyna Godos
- b Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences , University of Catania , Catania , Italy.,c NNEdPro Global Centre for Nutrition and Health , St John's Innovation Centre , Cambridge , United Kingdom.,d Wolfson College at the University of Cambridge , United Kingdom.,e Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health at Ulster University , United Kingdom
| | - Francesca Ghelfi
- c NNEdPro Global Centre for Nutrition and Health , St John's Innovation Centre , Cambridge , United Kingdom.,d Wolfson College at the University of Cambridge , United Kingdom.,e Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health at Ulster University , United Kingdom.,f SmartFood Program, Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS , Milan , Italy
| | - Maria Tieri
- f SmartFood Program, Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS , Milan , Italy
| | - Lucilla Titta
- f SmartFood Program, Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS , Milan , Italy
| | - Alessandra Lafranconi
- g Biccoca , University of Milano , Milan , Italy.,h Care and Public Health Research Institute , Maastricht University , Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | - Stefano Marventano
- i Rimini Women's Health, Childhood and Adolescent Department , AUSL Romagna , Rimini , Italy
| | - Elena Alonzo
- j Food and Nutrition Security and Public Health Service , ASP Catania , Catania , Italy
| | - Angelo Gambera
- k Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele , Catania , Italy
| | - Salvatore Sciacca
- l Integrated Cancer Registry of Catania-Messina-Siracusa-Enna , Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele , Catania , Italy
| | - Silvio Buscemi
- m Biomedical Department of Internal and Specialist Medicine (DIBIMIS) , University of Palermo , Palermo , Italy
| | - Sumantra Ray
- c NNEdPro Global Centre for Nutrition and Health , St John's Innovation Centre , Cambridge , United Kingdom.,d Wolfson College at the University of Cambridge , United Kingdom.,e Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health at Ulster University , United Kingdom.,n Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Nutrition Research Unit , Cambridge , United Kingdom
| | - Fabio Galvano
- b Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences , University of Catania , Catania , Italy
| | - Daniele Del Rio
- a The Laboratory of Phytochemicals in Physiology, Department of Food and Drug , University of Parma , Parma , Italy.,c NNEdPro Global Centre for Nutrition and Health , St John's Innovation Centre , Cambridge , United Kingdom.,d Wolfson College at the University of Cambridge , United Kingdom.,e Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health at Ulster University , United Kingdom.,o The Laboratory of Phytochemicals in Physiology, Department of Veterinary Science , University of Parma , Parma , Italy
| | - Giuseppe Grosso
- b Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences , University of Catania , Catania , Italy.,c NNEdPro Global Centre for Nutrition and Health , St John's Innovation Centre , Cambridge , United Kingdom.,d Wolfson College at the University of Cambridge , United Kingdom.,e Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health at Ulster University , United Kingdom
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26
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Yamagiwa Y, Sawada N, Shimazu T, Yamaji T, Goto A, Takachi R, Ishihara J, Iwasaki M, Inoue M, Tsugane S. Fruit and vegetable intake and pancreatic cancer risk in a population‐based cohort study in Japan. Int J Cancer 2018; 144:1858-1866. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Yamagiwa
- Epidemiology and Prevention GroupCenter for Public Health Science, National Cancer Center Tokyo Japan
| | - Norie Sawada
- Epidemiology and Prevention GroupCenter for Public Health Science, National Cancer Center Tokyo Japan
| | - Taichi Shimazu
- Epidemiology and Prevention GroupCenter for Public Health Science, National Cancer Center Tokyo Japan
| | - Taiki Yamaji
- Epidemiology and Prevention GroupCenter for Public Health Science, National Cancer Center Tokyo Japan
| | - Atsushi Goto
- Epidemiology and Prevention GroupCenter for Public Health Science, National Cancer Center Tokyo Japan
| | - Ribeka Takachi
- Faculty of Human Life and Environment, Department of Food Science and NutritionNara Women's University Nara Japan
| | - Junko Ishihara
- Department of Food and Life ScienceSchool of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University Kanagawa Japan
| | - Motoki Iwasaki
- Epidemiology and Prevention GroupCenter for Public Health Science, National Cancer Center Tokyo Japan
| | - Manami Inoue
- Epidemiology and Prevention GroupCenter for Public Health Science, National Cancer Center Tokyo Japan
| | - Shoichiro Tsugane
- Epidemiology and Prevention GroupCenter for Public Health Science, National Cancer Center Tokyo Japan
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27
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Canivet C, Gourgou-Bourgade S, Napoléon B, Palazzo L, Flori N, Guibert P, Piessen G, Farges-Bancel D, Seitz JF, Assenat E, Vendrely V, Truant S, Vanbiervliet G, Berthelémy P, Garcia S, Gomez-Brouchet A, Buscail L, Bournet B. A prospective clinical and biological database for pancreatic adenocarcinoma: the BACAP cohort. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:986. [PMID: 30326968 PMCID: PMC6191891 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4906-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognosis for pancreatic cancer remains poor despite diagnostic advances and treatments with new chemotherapeutic regimens. The five year survival rate remains below 3%. Consequently, there is an urgent need for new treatments to significantly improve the prognosis. In addition, there is a big gap in terms of the screening, early diagnosis and prevention of pancreatic cancer the incidence of which is increasing dramatically. METHODS Design: the BACAP cohort is a prospective multicenter pancreatic cancer cohort (pancreatic ductal carcinoma) with clinical and multiple biological samples; Participating centers: 15 French academic and private hospitals; Study Population: any cytologically and/or histologically proven pancreatic carcinoma regardless of the stage (resectable, borderline, locally advanced or metastatic) or treatment (surgery, palliative chemotherapy, best supportive care). At least 1500 patients will be included. Clinical data collected include: disease presentation, epidemiological and social factors, baseline biology, radiology, endoscopic ultrasound, staging, pathology, treatments, follow-up (including biological and radiological), and survival. All these data are collected and stored through an e-observation system at a centralized data center. Biological samples and derived products (i.e. before any treatment): blood, saliva, endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration materials from the primary tumor, fine needle biopsy of metastases and surgically resected tissue. DNA and RNA are extracted from fine needle aspiration materials and are quantified and characterized for quality. Whole blood, plasma and serum are isolated from blood samples. Frozen tissues were specifically allocated to the cohort. All derived products and saliva are stored at - 80 °C. Main end-points: i) to centralize clinical data together with multiple biological samples that are harmonized in terms of sampling, the post sampling process and storage; ii) to identify new molecular markers for the diagnosis, prognosis and possibly the predictive response to pancreatic cancer surgery and or chemotherapy. DISCUSSION The BACAP cohort is a unique prospective biological clinical database that provides the opportunity to identify correlations between the presence/expression of a broad panel of biomarkers (DNA, RNA, miRNA, proteins, etc.), epidemiological and social data, various clinical situations, various stages and the differentiation of the tumor, treatments and survival. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02818829 . Registration date: June 30, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Canivet
- The Department of Gastroenterology and Pancreatology, CHU - Rangueil and the University of Toulouse, 1 avenue Jean Poulhès, TSA 50032, 31059, Toulouse Cedex 9, France
| | - Sophie Gourgou-Bourgade
- The Biometrics Unit - CTD Inca, the Cancer Institute and the University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Bertrand Napoléon
- The Department of Gastroenterology, Jean Mermoz Hospital, Ramsay Générale de Santé, Lyon, France
| | - Laurent Palazzo
- The Department of Endoscopy, Trocadéro Clinic, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Flori
- The Department of Oncology, the Cancer Institute and the University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Pierre Guibert
- The Department of Oncology, Leon Bérard Institute, Lyon, France
| | - Guillaume Piessen
- Univ. Lille, Department of Digestive and Oncological Surgery, Claude Huriez University Hospital, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Dominique Farges-Bancel
- The Department of Internal Medicine, Saint-Louis Hospital and Paris 7 Diderot University, Paris, France
| | - Jean-François Seitz
- The Department of Oncology, CHU - La Timone and the University of Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Eric Assenat
- The Department of Oncology, CHU - ST-Eloi and the University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Véronique Vendrely
- The Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, CHU - Haut-Levêque and the University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Stéphanie Truant
- The Department of Digestive Surgery and Transplantation, the CHU and the University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Geoffroy Vanbiervliet
- The Department of Gastroenterology, CHU - L'Archet and the University of Nice, Nice, France
| | | | - Stéphane Garcia
- The Department of Pathology, CHU - Nord and the University of Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Anne Gomez-Brouchet
- The Biobank, the Cancer Institute and the University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Louis Buscail
- The Department of Gastroenterology and Pancreatology, CHU - Rangueil and the University of Toulouse, 1 avenue Jean Poulhès, TSA 50032, 31059, Toulouse Cedex 9, France
| | - Barbara Bournet
- The Department of Gastroenterology and Pancreatology, CHU - Rangueil and the University of Toulouse, 1 avenue Jean Poulhès, TSA 50032, 31059, Toulouse Cedex 9, France.
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28
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Zheng J, Guinter MA, Merchant AT, Wirth MD, Zhang J, Stolzenberg-Solomon RZ, Steck SE. Dietary patterns and risk of pancreatic cancer: a systematic review. Nutr Rev 2018; 75:883-908. [PMID: 29025004 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nux038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Context Pancreatic cancer has the highest case fatality rate of all major cancers. Objective A systematic review using PRISMA guidelines was conducted to summarize the associations between dietary patterns and risk of pancreatic cancer. Data Sources PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched for case-control and cohort studies published up to June 15, 2016. Study Selection Eligible studies included a dietary pattern as exposure and pancreatic cancer incidence or mortality as outcome and reported odds ratios, hazard ratios, or relative risks, along with corresponding 95%CIs. Data Extraction Important characteristics of each study, along with the dietary assessment instrument, the component foods or nutrients included in each dietary pattern or the scoring algorithm of a priori dietary patterns, were presented. For each dietary pattern identified, the estimate of association and the 95%CI comparing the highest versus the lowest category from the model with the most covariate adjustment were reported. Results A total of 16 studies were identified. Among the 8 studies that examined data-driven dietary patterns, significant positive associations were found between pancreatic cancer risk and the Animal Products, Starch Rich, and Western dietary patterns, with effect estimates ranging from 1.69 to 2.40. Significant inverse relationships were found between risk of pancreatic cancer and dietary patterns designated as Fruits and Vegetables, Vitamins and Fiber, and Prudent, with effect estimates ranging from 0.51 to 0.55. Eight studies of a priori dietary patterns consistently suggested that improved dietary quality was associated with reduced risk of pancreatic cancer. Conclusions Better diet quality is associated with reduced risk of pancreatic cancer. The associations between dietary patterns and pancreatic cancer were stronger in case-control studies than in cohort studies and were stronger among men than among women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Zheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA.,Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Mark A Guinter
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA.,Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Anwar T Merchant
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Michael D Wirth
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA.,Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA.,Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Jiajia Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Rachael Z Stolzenberg-Solomon
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Nutritional Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Susan E Steck
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA.,Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
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29
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Pang Y, Holmes MV, Guo Y, Yang L, Bian Z, Chen Y, Iona A, Millwood IY, Bragg F, Chen J, Li L, Kartsonaki C, Chen Z. Smoking, alcohol, and diet in relation to risk of pancreatic cancer in China: a prospective study of 0.5 million people. Cancer Med 2017; 7:229-239. [PMID: 29271112 PMCID: PMC5773963 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In China, the incidence of pancreatic cancer (PC) has increased in recent decades. However, little is known about the relevance to PC risk of lifestyle and behavioral factors such as smoking, alcohol drinking, and diet. The China Kadoorie Biobank prospective study recruited 512,891 adults (210,222 men, 302,669 women) aged 30–79 (mean 52) years from 10 diverse areas during 2004–08. During ~9 years of follow‐up, 688 incident cases of PC were recorded among those who had no prior history of cancer at baseline. Cox regression yielded adjusted hazard ratios (HR) for PC associated with smoking, alcohol and selected dietary factors. Overall, 74% of men were ever‐regular smokers and 33% of men drank at least weekly, compared with only 3% and 2% of women, respectively. Among men, current regular smoking was associated with an adjusted HR of 1.25 (95% CI 1.08–1.44) for PC, with greater excess risk in urban than rural areas (1.46 [1.19–1.79] vs 1.04 [0.86–1.26]). Heavy, but not light to moderate, alcohol drinking (i.e. ≥420 g/week) was associated with significant excess risk (1.69 [1.21–2.37]), again more extreme in urban than rural areas (1.93 [1.29–2.87] vs 1.35 [0.74–2.48]). Overall, regular consumption of certain foodstuffs was associated with PC risk, with adjusted daily vs never/rare consumption HRs of 0.66 (0.56–0.79) for fresh fruit and 1.16 (1.01–1.33) for red meat. In China, smoking and heavy alcohol drinking were independent risk factors for PC in men. Lower fresh fruit and higher red meat consumption were also associated with higher risk of PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjie Pang
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Michael V Holmes
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit (MRC PHRU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospital, Old Road, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK
| | - Yu Guo
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 9 Dongdan San Tiao, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit (MRC PHRU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Zheng Bian
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 9 Dongdan San Tiao, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yiping Chen
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit (MRC PHRU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Andri Iona
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit (MRC PHRU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Iona Y Millwood
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit (MRC PHRU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona Bragg
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Junshi Chen
- National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, 37 Guangqu Road, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Liming Li
- National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospital, Old Road, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK.,School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Christiana Kartsonaki
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit (MRC PHRU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Zhengming Chen
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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30
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Quist AJL, Inoue-Choi M, Weyer PJ, Anderson KE, Cantor KP, Krasner S, Freeman LEB, Ward MH, Jones RR. Ingested nitrate and nitrite, disinfection by-products, and pancreatic cancer risk in postmenopausal women. Int J Cancer 2017; 142:251-261. [PMID: 28921575 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Nitrate and nitrite are precursors of N-nitroso compounds (NOC), probable human carcinogens that cause pancreatic tumors in animals. Disinfection by-products (DBP) exposures have also been linked with digestive system cancers, but few studies have evaluated relationships with pancreatic cancer. We investigated the association of pancreatic cancer with these drinking water contaminants and dietary nitrate/nitrite in a cohort of postmenopausal women in Iowa (1986-2011). We used historical monitoring and treatment data to estimate levels of long-term average nitrate and total trihalomethanes (TTHM; the sum of the most prevalent DBP class) and the duration exceeding one-half the maximum contaminant level (>½ MCL; 5 mg/L nitrate-nitrogen, 40 µg/L TTHM) among participants on public water supplies (PWS) >10 years. We estimated dietary nitrate and nitrite intakes using a food frequency questionnaire. We computed hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using Cox regression and evaluated nitrate interactions with smoking and vitamin C intake. We identified 313 cases among 34,242 women, including 152 with >10 years PWS use (N = 15,710). Multivariable models of average nitrate showed no association with pancreatic cancer (HRp95vs. Q1 = 1.16, 95% CI: 0.51-2.64). Associations with average TTHM levels were also null (HRQ4vs. Q1 = 0.70, 95% CI:0.42-1.18). We observed no trend with increasing years of exposure to either contaminant at levels >½ MCL. Positive associations were suggested in the highest dietary nitrite intake from processed meat (HRp95vs. Q1 = 1.66, 95% CI 1.00-2.75;ptrend = 0.05). We found no interactions of nitrate with known modifiers of endogenous NOC formation. Our results suggest that nitrite intake from processed meat may be a risk factor for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arbor J L Quist
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.,Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Maki Inoue-Choi
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Peter J Weyer
- Center for Health Effects of Environmental Contamination, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Kristin E Anderson
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN.,Prevention and Etiology Research Program, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Kenneth P Cantor
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | | | - Laura E Beane Freeman
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Mary H Ward
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Rena R Jones
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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31
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Kim SY, Wie GA, Cho YA, Kang HH, Ryu KA, Yoo MK, Jun S, Kim SA, Ha K, Kim J, Cho YH, Shin S, Joung H. The Role of Red Meat and Flavonoid Consumption on Cancer Prevention: The Korean Cancer Screening Examination Cohort. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9090938. [PMID: 28841199 PMCID: PMC5622698 DOI: 10.3390/nu9090938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 08/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Markedly increased red meat consumption is a cancer risk factor, while dietary flavonoids may help prevent the disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate the associations of red meat and flavonoid consumption with cancer risk, based on data from 8024 subjects, drawn from the 2004–2008 Cancer Screening Examination Cohort of the Korean National Cancer Center. Hazard ratios (HRs) were obtained by using a Cox proportional hazard model. During the mean follow-up period of 10.1 years, 443 cases were newly diagnosed with cancer. After adjusting for age, there was a significant correlation between cancer risk and the daily intake of ≥43 g of red meat per day (HR 1.31; 95% CI 1.01, 1.71; p = 0.045), and total flavonoid intake tended to decrease cancer risk (HR 0.70; 95% CI 0.49, 0.99; highest vs. lowest quartile; p-trend = 0.073) in men. Following multivariable adjustment, there were no statistically significant associations between flavonoid intake and overall cancer risk in individuals with high levels of red meat intake. Men with low daily red meat intake exhibited an inverse association between flavonoid consumption and cancer incidence (HR 0.41; 95% CI 0.21, 0.80; highest vs. lowest; p-trend = 0.017). Additional research is necessary to clarify the effects of flavonoid consumption on specific cancer incidence, relative to daily red meat intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Young Kim
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Research Institute & Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Korea.
| | - Gyung-Ah Wie
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Research Institute & Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Korea.
| | - Yeong-Ah Cho
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Research Institute & Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Korea.
| | - Hyun-Hee Kang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Research Institute & Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Korea.
| | - Kyoung-A Ryu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Research Institute & Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Korea.
| | - Min-Kyong Yoo
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Research Institute & Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Korea.
| | - Shinyoung Jun
- Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Seong-Ah Kim
- Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Kyungho Ha
- Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Jeongseon Kim
- Molecular Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Korea.
| | - Yoon Hee Cho
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA.
| | - Sangah Shin
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul 03080, Korea.
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea.
| | - Hyojee Joung
- Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
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32
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Abstract
Despite its nutritional benefits, there is an increasing body of evidence to suggest that regular consumption of red meat may negatively impact health and disease risk, including the risk of most common chronic diseases. This chapter reviews the current evidence linking red and processed meat intakes with chronic disease, obesity and mortality risks and discusses possible mechanisms to explain these associations. Research on the health benefits of diets low in red meat, including vegetarian, vegan, Mediterranean and other plant-based diets, is also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Marsh
- Northside Nutrition and Dietetics, Australia
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33
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Barone E, Corrado A, Gemignani F, Landi S. Environmental risk factors for pancreatic cancer: an update. Arch Toxicol 2016; 90:2617-2642. [PMID: 27538405 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-016-1821-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most aggressive diseases. Only 10 % of all PC cases are thought to be due to genetic factors. Here, we analyzed the most recently published case-control association studies, meta-analyses, and cohort studies with the aim to summarize the main environmental factors that could have a role in PC. Among the most dangerous agents involved in the initiation phase, there are the inhalation of cigarette smoke, and the exposure to mutagenic nitrosamines, organ-chlorinated compounds, heavy metals, and ionizing radiations. Moreover, pancreatitis, high doses of alcohol drinking, the body microbial infections, obesity, diabetes, gallstones and/or cholecystectomy, and the accumulation of asbestos fibers seem to play a crucial role in the progression of the disease. However, some of these agents act both as initiators and promoters in pancreatic acinar cells. Protective agents include dietary flavonoids, marine omega-3, vitamin D, fruit, vegetables, and the habit of regular physical activity. The identification of the factors involved in PC initiation and progression could be of help in establishing novel therapeutic approaches by targeting the molecular signaling pathways responsive to these stimuli. Moreover, the identification of these factors could facilitate the development of strategies for an early diagnosis or measures of risk reduction for high-risk people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Barone
- Genetic Unit, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via Derna, 1, 56121, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alda Corrado
- Genetic Unit, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via Derna, 1, 56121, Pisa, Italy
| | - Federica Gemignani
- Genetic Unit, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via Derna, 1, 56121, Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefano Landi
- Genetic Unit, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via Derna, 1, 56121, Pisa, Italy.
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Latino-Martel P, Cottet V, Druesne-Pecollo N, Pierre FH, Touillaud M, Touvier M, Vasson MP, Deschasaux M, Le Merdy J, Barrandon E, Ancellin R. Alcoholic beverages, obesity, physical activity and other nutritional factors, and cancer risk: A review of the evidence. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2016; 99:308-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Taunk P, Hecht E, Stolzenberg-Solomon R. Are meat and heme iron intake associated with pancreatic cancer? Results from the NIH-AARP diet and health cohort. Int J Cancer 2016; 138:2172-89. [PMID: 26666579 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Revised: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Several studies on pancreatic cancer have reported significant positive associations for intake of red meat but null associations for heme iron. We assessed total, red, white and processed meat intake, meat cooking methods and doneness and heme iron and mutagen intake in relation to pancreatic cancer in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study cohort. A total of 322,846 participants (187,265 men and 135,581 women) successfully completed and returned the food frequency questionnaire between 1995 and 1996. After a mean follow-up of 9.2 years (up to 10.17 years), 1,417 individuals (895 men and 522 women) developed exocrine pancreatic cancer. Cox proportional hazard models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and trends were calculated using the median value of each quantile. Models incorporated age as the time metric and were adjusted for smoking history, body mass index, self-reported diabetes and energy-adjusted saturated fat. Pancreatic cancer risk significantly increased with intake of total meat (Q5 vs. Q1: HR = 1.20, 95% CI 1.02-1.42, p-trend = 0.03), red meat (HR = 1.22, 95% CI 1.01-1.48, p-trend = 0.02), high-temperature cooked meat (HR = 1.21, 95% CI 1.00-1.45, p-trend = 0.02), grilled/barbequed meat (HR = 1.24, 95% CI 1.03-1.50, p-trend = 0.007), well/very well done meat (HR = 1.32, 95% CI 1.10-1.58, p-trend = 0.005) and heme iron from red meat (Q4 vs. Q1: HR = 1.21, 95% CI 1.01-1.45, p-trend = 0.04). When stratified by sex, these associations remained significant in men but not women except for white meat intake in women (HR = 1.33, 95% CI 1.02-1.74, p-trend = 0.04). Additional studies should confirm our findings that consuming heme iron from red meat increases pancreatic cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pulkit Taunk
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL.,Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD
| | - Eric Hecht
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Rachael Stolzenberg-Solomon
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD
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Abstract
Despite its nutritional benefits, there is an increasing body of evidence to suggest that regular consumption of red meat may negatively impact health and disease risk, including the risk of most common chronic diseases. This chapter reviews the current evidence linking red and processed meat intakes with chronic disease, obesity and mortality risks and discusses possible mechanisms to explain these associations. Research on the health benefits of diets low in red meat, including vegetarian, vegan, Mediterranean and other plant-based diets, is also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Marsh
- Northside Nutrition and Dietetics, Australia
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37
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Raju RS, Coburn N, Liu N, Porter JM, Seung SJ, Cheung MC, Goyert N, Leighl NB, Hoch JS, Trudeau ME, Evans WK, Dainty KN, Earle CC, Mittmann N. A population-based study of the epidemiology of pancreatic cancer: a brief report. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 22:e478-84. [PMID: 26715886 DOI: 10.3747/co.22.2653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Administrative data are used to describe the pancreatic cancer (pcc) population. The analysis examines demographic details, incidence, site, survival, and factors influencing mortality in a cohort of individuals diagnosed with pcc. METHODS Incident cases of pcc diagnosed in Ontario between 1 January 2004 and 31 December 2011 were extracted from the Ontario Cancer Registry. They were linked by encrypted health card number to several administrative databases to obtain demographic and mortality information. Descriptive, bivariate, and survival analyses were conducted. RESULTS During the period of interest, 9221 new cases of pcc (4548 in men, 4673 in women) were diagnosed, for an age-adjusted standardized annual incidence in the range of 8.6-9.5 per 100,000 population. Mean age at diagnosis was 70.3 ± 12.5 years (standard deviation). Five-year survival was 7.2% (12.8% for those <60 years of age and 3.6% for those >80 years of age). Survival varied by sex, older age, rural residence, lower income, site of involvement in the pancreas, and presence of comorbidity. CONCLUSIONS The mortality rate in pcc is exceptionally high. With an increasing incidence and a mortality positively associated with age, additional support will be needed for this highly fatal disease as demographics in Ontario continue to trend toward a higher proportion of older individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Raju
- Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON
| | - N Coburn
- Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON
| | - N Liu
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON
| | - J M Porter
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON
| | - S J Seung
- Health Outcomes and PharmacoEconomics Research Centre, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON
| | - M C Cheung
- Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON
| | - N Goyert
- Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON
| | - N B Leighl
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON
| | - J S Hoch
- Applied Research in Cancer Control, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, ON
| | - M E Trudeau
- Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON
| | | | - K N Dainty
- Keenan Research Centre of the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON
| | - C C Earle
- Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON
| | - N Mittmann
- Health Outcomes and PharmacoEconomics Research Centre, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON; ; Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON; ; International Centre for Health Innovation, Richard Ivey School of Business, Western University, London, ON
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38
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Lippi G, Mattiuzzi C, Cervellin G. Meat consumption and cancer risk: a critical review of published meta-analyses. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2015; 97:1-14. [PMID: 26633248 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2015.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary habits play a substantial role for increasing or reducing cancer risk. We performed a critical review of scientific literature, to describe the findings of meta-analyses that explored the association between meat consumption and cancer risk. Overall, 42 eligible meta-analyses were included in this review, in which meat consumption was assumed from sheer statistics. Convincing association was found between larger intake of red meat and cancer, especially with colorectal, lung, esophageal and gastric malignancies. Increased consumption of processed meat was also found to be associated with colorectal, esophageal, gastric and bladder cancers. Enhanced intake of white meat or poultry was found to be negatively associated with some types of cancers. Larger beef consumption was significantly associated with cancer, whereas the risk was not increased consuming high amounts of pork. Our analysis suggest increased risk of cancer in subjects consuming large amounts of red and processed meat, but not in those with high intake of white meat or poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Lippi
- Section of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
| | - Camilla Mattiuzzi
- Service of Clinical Governance, General Hospital of Trento, Trento, Italy
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Huang J, Roosaar A, Axéll T, Ye W. A prospective cohort study on poor oral hygiene and pancreatic cancer risk. Int J Cancer 2015; 138:340-7. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Revised: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Huang
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
| | - Ann Roosaar
- Department of Dental Medicine; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
| | - Tony Axéll
- Maxillofacial Unit; Halmstad Hospital Halland; 30185 Halmstad Sweden
| | - Weimin Ye
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
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40
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Behrens G, Jochem C, Schmid D, Keimling M, Ricci C, Leitzmann MF. Physical activity and risk of pancreatic cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Epidemiol 2015; 30:279-98. [DOI: 10.1007/s10654-015-0014-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Abstract
Previous studies demonstrated that kynurenic acid (KYNA) is present in various types of food in varying concentrations. Therefore, the aim of the study was to check whether KYNA is present in culinary herbs and spices. Achieved results indicate that KYNA is present in all 19 selected culinary herbs and spices. The highest concentration of KYNA was found in basil and thyme, 14.08 and 8.87 μg/g, respectively, while the lowest content of KYNA was found in cumin and black pepper, 0.64 and 0.10 μg/g, respectively. This is the first report on the concentration of KYNA in culinary herbs and spices. The need for more detailed investigation of dietary supplementation with culinary herbs and spices containing KYNA is suggested.
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42
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Dietary inflammatory index and risk of pancreatic cancer in an Italian case-control study. Br J Nutr 2014; 113:292-8. [PMID: 25515552 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114514003626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that various dietary components may be implicated in the aetiology of pancreatic cancer. However, the possible relationship between diet-related inflammation and the risk of pancreatic cancer has not yet been investigated. We examined the ability of a newly developed literature-derived dietary inflammatory index (DII) to predict the risk of pancreatic cancer in a case-control study conducted in Italy between 1991 and 2008. This included 326 incident cases and 652 controls admitted to the major teaching and general hospitals for non-neoplastic diseases, frequency-matched to cases by study centre, sex and age. The DII was computed based on dietary intake assessed using a validated and reproducible seventy-eight-item FFQ. Logistic regression models were used to estimate multivariable OR adjusted for age, sex, study centre, education, BMI, smoking status, alcohol drinking and history of diabetes. Energy adjustment was performed using the residual method. Subjects with higher DII scores (i.e., representing a more pro-inflammatory diet) had a higher risk of pancreatic cancer, with the DII being used as both a continuous variable (ORcontinuous 1.24, 95% CI 1.11, 1.38) and a categorical variable (i.e., compared with the subjects in the lowest quintile of the DII, those in the second, third, fourth and fifth quintiles had, respectively, OR(quintile2 v. 1) 1.70, 95% CI 1.02, 2.80; OR(quintile3 v. 1) 1.91, 95% CI 1.16, 3.16; OR(quintile4 v. 1) 1.98, 95% CI 1.20, 3.27; OR(quintile5 v. 1) 2.48, 95% CI 1.50, 4.10; P trend= 0.0015). These data suggest that a pro-inflammatory diet increases the risk of pancreatic cancer.
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Jansen RJ, Robinson DP, Frank RD, Anderson KE, Bamlet WR, Oberg AL, Rabe KG, Olson JE, Sinha R, Petersen GM, Stolzenberg-Solomon RZ. Fatty acids found in dairy, protein and unsaturated fatty acids are associated with risk of pancreatic cancer in a case-control study. Int J Cancer 2014; 134:1935-46. [PMID: 24590454 PMCID: PMC3942799 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.28525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 09/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Although many studies have investigated meat and total fat in relation to pancreatic cancer risk, few have investigated dairy, fish and specific fatty acids (FAs). We evaluated the association between intake of meat, fish, dairy, specific FAs and related nutrients and pancreatic cancer. In our American-based Mayo Clinic case-control study 384 cases and 983 controls frequency matched on recruitment age, race, sex and residence area (Minnesota, Wisconsin or Iowa, USA) between 2004 and 2009. All subjects provided demographic information and completed 144-item food frequency questionnaire. Logistic regression-calculated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were adjusted for age, sex, cigarette smoking, body mass index and diabetes mellitus. Significant inverse association (trend p-value < 0.05) between pancreatic cancer and the groupings (highest vs. lowest consumption quintile OR [95% CI]) was as follows: meat replacement (0.67 [0.43-1.02]), total protein (0.58 [0.39-0.86]), vitamin B12 (0.67 [0.44, 1.01]), zinc (0.48 [0.32, 0.71]), phosphorus (0.62 [0.41, 0.93]), vitamin E (0.51 [0.33, 0.78]), polyunsaturated FAs (0.64 [0.42, 0.98]) and linoleic acid (FA 18:2) (0.62 [0.40-0.95]). Increased risk associations were observed for saturated FAs (1.48 [0.97-2.23]), butyric acid (FA 4:0) (1.77 [1.19-2.64]), caproic acid (FA 6:0) (2.15 [1.42-3.27]), caprylic acid (FA 8:0) (1.87 [1.27-2.76]) and capric acid (FA 10:0) (1.83 [1.23-2.74]). Our study suggests that eating a diet high in total protein and certain unsaturated FAs is associated with decreased risk of developing pancreatic cancer in a dose-dependent manner, whereas fats found in dairy increase risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rick J Jansen
- Division of Epidemiology Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
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Shigihara M, Obara T, Nagai M, Sugawara Y, Watanabe T, Kakizaki M, Nishino Y, Kuriyama S, Tsuji I. Consumption of fruits, vegetables, and seaweeds (sea vegetables) and pancreatic cancer risk: The Ohsaki Cohort Study. Cancer Epidemiol 2014; 38:129-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2014.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2013] [Revised: 12/26/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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45
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Influence of diet and tobacco smoking on pancreatic cancer incidence in poland in 1960-2008. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2012; 2012:682156. [PMID: 23319943 PMCID: PMC3536043 DOI: 10.1155/2012/682156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2012] [Revised: 11/12/2012] [Accepted: 11/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between pancreatic cancer incidence and selected dietary factors, alcohol consumption, and tobacco smoking in Poland in
1960–2008. Data on pancreatic cancer morbidity were derived from the National Cancer Registry and on food consumption from the national food balance sheets. In 1960–1989 correlations were found between pancreatic cancer incidence rates and energy (0.60 for males and 0.57 for females), cholesterol (0.87 and 0.80), fibre (−0.84 and −0.89) and folate (−0.45 and −0.49) intake, the consumption of total fats (0.94 and 0.91), animal fats (0,90 and 0,82), sugar (0.88 and 0.87), cereals (−0.93 and −0.91), and alcohol (0.86 and 0.82). In 1990–2008 morbidity correlated with the consumption of red meat (0.67 and 0.48), poultry
(−0.88 and −0.57), and fruit (−0.62 and −0.50). Correlation with tobacco smoking was observed in the whole studied period (0.55 and 0.44). Increased incidence of pancreatic cancer in 1960–1995 was probably related to adverse dietary patterns up to 1989, especially high consumption of fats, sugar, and alcohol. Further positive changes in the diet such as lowering red meat consumption and increasing fruit consumption could influence incidence reduction in recent years. Also changes in tobacco smoking could affect the morbidity.
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Qin B, Xun P, He K. Fish or long-chain (n-3) PUFA intake is not associated with pancreatic cancer risk in a meta-analysis and systematic review. J Nutr 2012; 142:1067-73. [PMID: 22535760 PMCID: PMC3349977 DOI: 10.3945/jn.111.156711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-chain (n-3) PUFA (LC-PUFA) have been hypothesized to be beneficial in preventing pancreatic carcinogenesis, but the associations of fish or LC-PUFA intake with pancreatic cancer found in epidemiologic studies have been controversial and inconclusive. To estimate the overall association of LC-PUFA or fish intake with pancreatic cancer, we performed a systematic literature search of English-language articles using PubMed and EMBASE through February 2012 and reviewed the reference lists from retrieved articles. Prospective cohort or case-control studies that reported ratio estimates and corresponding 95% CI for the associations of fish or LC-PUFA intake and pancreatic cancer were selected. Independent data extraction was performed by 2 of the authors. The pooled associations were obtained by using a random-effects model. A database was derived from 9 independent cohorts that included 1,209,265 participants (3082 events) with a mean follow-up of 9 y and 10 independent case-control studies that included 2514 cases and 18,779 controls. Compared with those having the lowest fish consumption, the pooled RR of pancreatic cancer was 0.98 (95% CI: 0.86, 1.12) for those who had the highest fish intake from 8 cohort studies and was 0.96 (95% CI: 0.76, 1.21) from 9 case-control studies. We found similar results for LC-PUFA intake by combining data from 4 cohorts or 2 case-control studies. Our results do not support an overall inverse association of fish or LC-PUFA intake with risk of pancreatic cancer. Further studies that consider different species and preparation methods of fish, and additional adjustment for contaminants in fish, are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Qin
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings Schools of Global Public Health
| | - Pengcheng Xun
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings Schools of Global Public Health,Department of Epidemiology, Gillings Schools of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Ka He
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings Schools of Global Public Health,Department of Epidemiology, Gillings Schools of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
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